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DRITEV – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2021

VDI-Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2381 2021

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

A. Bagh, D. Magnor, J. Kneiber, F. Löhe eTransport – Application of axle-integrated e-drive in urban LCV and MD trucks S. 637-652

„… eTransport Application of axle-integrated e-drive in urban LCV and MD trucks Dr.-Ing …” „… electric utility vehicles for urban logistics including rear axles with electric powertrain e …” „… extensive field trials as well as a discussion of certain technical aspects of axle drive, e.g. mounting …”

J. De Landtsheere TREMEC HYbrid DRive Axle – HYDRA – Hybridization enables RWD dynamics in a FWD car S. 125-144

„… for FWD platforms, architectural derivatives are possible for RWD+P3 applications or pure e-axles …” „… in one solution, using an e-axle at the rear in addition to a pure FWD ICE powertrain …” „… (s) Base vehicle (non-hybrid) 4,7 P2 hybrid 5,1 P4 rear axle, pure eAWD 3,4 P4 rear axle, with …”

C. Schmidt, H. Dhejne, J. Karlsson High Efficient 2 speed e-Axle – Highly efficient and shiftable under load S. 145-158

„… sescon gear 3 AVL 2 speed e-Axle applications The AVL 2speed concept is a modular and scalable solution …” „… the current AVL 2speed e-axle applications will be given. The architecture of the transmission is the …” „… described. 3.1 2speed Application for SUV The 2speed e-Axle application for SUV is the base design …”

Z. Caba, M. Zafer, C. Harman, G. Hellenbroich, Ö. Eyigöz Multi-speed e-axle for electrified heavy commercial vehicles S. 609-620

„… a third axle. This e-axle can then also be installed into pure electric truck applications …” „… Multi-speed e-axle for electrified heavy commercial vehicles Dr. Ziya Caba, Melih Zafer, Caner …” „… reusability, a P4 layout is chosen, for which a newly developed e-axle is fitted to a conventional tractor as …”

F. Bayer, J. Tochtermann Development of a Heavy-Duty E-Axle S. 621-636

„… developing an e-axle solution for heavy-duty trucks in an internal research program. The target application …” „… Development of a Heavy-Duty E-Axle Felix Bayer, M.Sc., Jürgen Tochtermann, Dipl.-Ing., AVL …” „… highly-integrated, compact e-axle, which also features a high power density and can be integrated into todays …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVI

„… eTransport – Application of axle-integrated e-drive in urban LCV and MD trucks …” „… List GmbH, Graz, Austria; A. Pujari, BMW Group, München Content f E-axles and Electrified AWD Power …” „… � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 125 J. De Landtsheere, TREMEC, Zedelgem, Belgium High Efficient 2 speed e-Axle – Highly efficient and …”

R. Resch, C. Danzer, A. Poppitz, T. Pirkl Alternative drivetrains for sustainable commercial vehicles S. 669-684

„… powertrains, starting with wheel individual electric motors or axle drives where the E-transmission is …” „… a new e-drive for commercial vehicles. The decision for an integrated axle drive does not clearly …” „… of this powertrain layout is that higher vibration loads at the E-axle might be challenging, given …”

F. Langhammer, A. Kappes, A. Viehmann, S. Rinderknecht Novel “Two-Drive-Transmission for Long-Range” Powertrain: Ecology and Efficiency meet Driving Comfort S. 207-228

„… pure electric or hybrid applications in particular the voltage level, e.g. ranging from 48 volts up to …” „… the application, different types of EM might be considered as well, e.g. an asynchronous motors (ASM …” „… Fig. 4: Schematic layout of an inline TDT4LR For inline applications two gear stages plus an axle …”

D. Morgenweck, M. Großmann, W. Fakler, M. Lamke, F. Bitzer ZF E-Mobility Software Functions for Commercial Vehicles S. 703-718

„… Semi-Trailer 40t Type BEV Central drive BEV Central drive BEV Axle drive e-Trailer Hybrid / Range …” „… generation of E-Mobility products since they are easily adaptable for different applications and allow …” „… ZF E-Mobility Software Functions for Commercial Vehicles Dr. Daniel Morgenweck, M.Sc. Michael …”

R. R. Kasibhatla, P. Neidhardt, K. Caliskan Thermal Simulation according to Maturity Level in E-Drive Development S. 61-76

„… and proportionally higher cooling powers. In ZF electric axle applications, with the mentioned …” „… Thermal Simulation according to Maturity Level in E-Drive Development Dr. R. Rohith …” „… . Zusammenfassung Zur Erfüllung der Leistungs- und Bauraumanforderungen in E-Antrieben, ist ein effektives …”

K. Hirano E-Axle with multi driving modes for BEV & Mild HEV P4 – The 3 in 1 e-Axle for EV requiring a wide range of driving force S. 229-240

„… E-Axle with multi driving modes for BEV & Mild HEV P4 The 3 in 1 e-Axle for EV requiring a wide …” „… Motor - Multi Driving Mode” e-Axle is a “Two motor - Two speed” eAxle developed to achieve low power …” „… operating principle and development purpose of this eAxle. 1. INTRODUCTION Last Mile EVs have begun to …”

C. Schörghuber, M. Ortner, J. Pell, S. Pretsch Holistic system design and operation of a fuel cell truck based on an innovative energy management S. 685-700

„… consists of several systems, the most important ones are the fuel cell, the battery, the e-axle and the …” „… powertrain are the hydrogen tank system, the fuel cell system, the battery system, the e-axle system, the …” „… ), refer to [3]. The fully integrated e-axle contains two e-motors, a shiftable two speed gearbox, a …”

A. Drechsel, J. Pellkofer, K. Stahl, J. Sandor, M. Hein Development of a new test method to investigate the wear behaviour of hypoid gear oils S. 453-468

„… thicknesses in terms of wear due to the axle offset, their flank geometry and their areas of application. The …” „… to their preferred application in vehicle axle drives, they are subject to highest demands in regard …” „… , highly loaded hypoid gears, which are preferably used in vehicle axle drives, exhibit an unfavorable …”

L. de Ruijsscher TREMEC Hybrid Dual Clutch Transmission (HDCT) – Electrification of TREMEC’s high performance dual clutch transmission S. 159-178

„… Differentials (eLSD or mLSD), the TR-9080 is utilized in several new mid-engine sports car applications. The …” „… the extra performance. The P4-front solution would make use of an e-axle in the front [1]. Although a …” „… performance DCT’s in recent years, with applications in the C8 Corvette, Ford Mustang GT500 and Maserati MC20 …”

G. Sandkühler Heavy Duty Vehicles with Electric Drive Train and Hydrogen Fuel Cells as Range Extender S. 701-702

„… handled under the name DUALPOWER, closer information to this is available on different public pages, e …” „… asynchronous motor (Pconst = 240 kW, Ppeak = 550 kW, Tpeak = 4.200 Nm) driving the rear axle via a …” „… . Different from many other application this drive motor is equipped with a disc brake directly on the shaft …”

H. Wittig, J. Engasser, A. Glavinic AEROFLEX – Distributed Hybrid Drivetrain for Long Haul Freight Vehicles S. 593-608

„… improved by adding additional drive axles, which e.g. improve gradeability. This concept might allow …” „… electro-hydraulic steering system by V.S.E. Vehicle Engineering B.V installed with a steered axle by BPW Bergische …” „… Torque Management System (GETMS), the Smart Power Dolly (SPD), which has a steerable front axle and an …”

S. Idler, C. Bünder Scaling the functionality of a DCT-based DHD to segmentspecific requirements – The new high torque DHD Plus S. 241-254

„… ) either as a front driven solution or in combination with an electric drive system (eDS) on the rear axle …” „… ) Figure 3: eDrive in gear 2nd with a) axle torque over vehicle speed and b) DHD Plus torque flow path …” „… Figure 5. b) a) Figure 5: extended eDrive in 4th gear with a) axle torque over vehicle speed and …”

B. Krüger, G. Filomeno, D. Dennin, P. Tenberge Holistic Design of All-Wheel Drive Electric Powertrains Using a Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm S. 377-394

„… relative length. In case of the transmission, the speed ratio is optimized and the application of a …” „… driven by a central engine, electric all-wheel drive systems are realized as axle split systems. Both …” „… geometrical constraints imposed by the battery and the geometrical compactness of electric axle systems make …”

D. Lechleitner, M. Hofstetter, M. Hirz, C. Gsenger, K. Huber Parking Lock Integration for Electric Axle Drives by Multi-Objective Design Optimization S. 303-318

„… considerations, electric axle drives (e-drives) are often equipped with a parking lock system, which prevents …” „… axle drive (e-drive) that consists of the main components “power electronics unit”, “electric machine …” „… Parking Lock Integration for Electric Axle Drives by Multi-Objective Design Optimization …”

E. Schneider, C. Danzer, E. Schreiterer Modular and highly functional Hybrid Platform for subcompact cars up to full-size SUV S. 191-206

„… . Here the second e-motor is mounted at the rear axle. The advantages of a serial driving mode can also …” „… including the option of an electric all-wheel drive (eAWD) by using an electric rear axle. With this …” „… combined hybrid for PHEV applications for the D/E-segment. With an input torque limitation of 430 Nm at a …”

X. Zhang, F. Küçükay Driveability optimization of electrified powertrains utilizing machine learning based control and the interaction with ADAS/AD systems S. 361-376

„… internal combustion engine (ICE) only in conjunction with one or more E-machines [9]. An electrified …” „… powertrain consists of several mechanical elements, e.g. electric motor, transmission, differential, final …” „… application of objective driveability evaluation system enables the quantification of driver's subjective …”

A. Albers, M. Behrendt, J. Köber, T. Breitinger Development of a method for the automated validation of the shift quality of modern dual clutch transmissions on full-vehicle test benches S. 399-414

„… validation [5]. This takes up the disadvantages of the sequential process models (e.g. V-model according to …” „… upshifting and downshifting, i.e. whether the target gear is increased or decreased. Depending on the …” „… perceived as very uncomfortable (e.g. flares or tensions) [1]. As already described, the control of the …”

N. Scharlach Possibilities of a modern Powertrainmanagement S. 719-XIX

„… physically based, so there is a reduced application & calibration effort. - Powertrain examples …” „… Drive off in the wrong direction o Blocked traction axle For the data & information exchange between …” „… structured in functional layers. The physical layer is the lowest one and represents the HW, e.g. the ICE …”

T. Skubacz, C. Burkhardt, S. Krischke Shift Elements for Electric and Hybrid Drivetrains – Shift elements with low drag losses, high actuation energy efficiency and integrated overload protection S. 487-498

„… of bistability, which is also known in other applications (e.g. ballpoint pens, light switches …” „… system internal force application mechanisms: The first solution is based on a special bistable …” „… combustion engine and transmission (P2), on the transmission (P3), close to the axle (P4) up to …”

J. Shutty, A. Moser, D. Gajowski Analysis of propulsion system architectures across vehicle segments and markets S. 23-34

„… , 800V), eMotor position (P0, P1, P2, P3, P4, PS, RWD/AWD EV), multi-motor solutions (dual axle, P0/P3 …” „… driven OEMs to pursue a variety of solutions for their different applications including advanced …” „… , DHT, AWD EV), eTurbo™, eBooster® electrically driven compressor, variations in battery size and type …”

W. Sackl Sustainable Powertrain Solutions – the new role of the powertrain at Magna S. 1-10

„… condition’s that might change with little notice: e.g. there is uncertainty how the regulations for …” „… stands for a new level of control and active safety through increasingly automated driving and e …” „… example, by electrifying both front and rear axles, we achieve very fast and reproducible controllability …”

G. Herbillon Performances Validation of an electrically-commanded dog clutch system for multi-speed and disconnectable eDrives S. 255-274

„… disconnectable eDrives Dipl.-Ing. Gilles Herbillon, VC ST Industrial Products, Sint-Truiden, Belgium erfor …” „… e-Drive department offers a smart portfolio of e-Drives concepts as perfect fits for the new EV …” „… : VCST eDrives AMT-concepts including a dog clutch technology ABSTRACT The future transmissions for …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023815

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International Conference on Gears 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2422 2023

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

T. Schmidt, B. Neubauer, D. Merk White Etching Cracks (WECs) on gears of E-Axle applications S. 257-268

„… White Etching Cracks (WECs) on gears of E-Axle applications Premature tooth flank fatigue Dipl.-Ing …” „… from left to right 2. FE8 Oil Test Today oils in eAxle applications must fulfill more requirements …” „… seems to be the result of a higher WEC-potential in modern eAxle applications compared with gear …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVIII

„… | 148 mm x 210 mm CFD: ApplicationsChallenges and possibilities of virtual development of e-axle …” „… E-Axle applications 257T. Schmidt, B. Neubauer, Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG, Herzogenaurach …” „… Munich, Garching, GermanyModel based NVH design: e-bike application 1229H. Mahe, Valeo PTS, Amiens …”

A. Drechsel, J. Pellkofer, K. Stahl Transferability of the scuffing load capacity of gear oils determined on spur gears to hypoid gears S. 881-896

„… possible to their application a new hypoid scuffing test was developed. However, since spur gear scuffing …” „… to their kinematic conditions, hypoid gears with axle offset have an additional relative movement in …” „… oils close to their application, the test methods should be resource-saving, require low amounts of …”

I. Hong, D. Talbot Tooth Bending Strain Rate Analysis in a Counter Shaft Drivetrain and Implications on Fatigue Strength S. 53-66

„… , 32(6), pp. 473–483. [5] Rolinski, E., 2016, “Modern Nitriding Techniques for Gear Applications.Pdf …” „… higher than in application. As fatigue life requirements for gears increase, gear designers may start to …” „… available. The second is to understand what the strain rates are in the gearing application and to …”

M. Reichl, P. Lenz, A. Oliva Challenges and possibilities of virtual development of e-axle transmissions S. 485-498

„… Challenges and possibilities of virtual development of e-axle transmissionsSPH-Simulation with …” „… Ölverteilung eines Untersetzungsgetriebes einer E-Achse mit Hilfe einer neuartigen CFD-Methode untersucht. Ein …” „… , the oil distribution of a reducer gearbox of an electric axle is investigated by means of a novel CFD …”

F. Concli, M. N. Mastrone Latest advancements in the lubrication simulations of geared systems: a technology ready for industrial applications S. 499-518

„… industrial applicationsProf. F. Concli, M. N. Mastrone, Free University of Bolzano/Bozen, Bozen …” „… subsequent meshes - the grids are comparable 3. New approaches for industrial applicationsIn the next …” „… still play a determinant role in several applications ranging from the automotive, to the aeronautical …”

H. Mahe Model based NVH design: e-bike application S. 1229-1238

„… Model based NVH design: e-bike application Dr. Ing. Hervé Mahe, Valeo PTS, Amiens, FranceAbstract …” „… this revolution and proposes an original concept of e-bike. For most of the e-bikes on the market, the …” „… gearbox is located on the rear axle. Valeo’s proposal consists in implementing an automatic 7 speed …”

L. Bonaiti, M. Brambilla, P. Chiariotti, A. Cigada, C. Gorla, G. Boni, P. Codeluppi The effect of pinion axial positioning on noise and transmission error of face hobbed and face milled bevel gears S. 839-852

„… ]. This position depends on the bevel gear geometry, both the ideal and the actual one (i.e. considering …” „… comes to e-drive – powered vehicles, where it is not possible anymore to rely on the masking effect …” „… , to enable testing gearboxes with two outputs, as it happens in vehicle axles. This reconfigurable …”

J.-A. Meis Parametric system simulation of load sharing in planetary gearboxes S. 269-280

„… especially the geometry of the structural components, e.g., the planet carrier or the housing, are only …” „… of necessary elements and facilitates the contact calculation and the application of the gearing …” „… be set up, e.g. if a special friction coefficient or geometrical modification shall be used. An …”

T. Kleiber, B. Neubauer Advancing to The Next Level – Cost Efficient Roll-Inspection: Back from End-of-Line NVH to Skiving Process S. 1591-1606

„… powertrain. With a focus on e-Axles, the system requires a lightweight, compact, and power dense solution …” „… Process Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Kleiber, Dr.-Ing. Benedikt Neubauer, Business Division E-Mobility, Schaeffler …” „… typical e-mobility internal gears go up to second gear mesh order. This order range divides into five …”

M. Fürst, S. Sepp, D. Schweigert, M. Otto, K. Stahl Experimental Investigation of Moving Contact Pattern in Helical Planetary Gearboxes S. 569-582

„… beneficial for a wide range of high-performance applications. Embedded in the efforts for resource efficiency …” „… applications. In general, a uniform load distribution in the tooth contacts and an equal load sharing between …” „… considered by load factors in the load carrying capacity assessment, e.g. ISO 6336 [1]. Theoretical and …”

T. König, L. Cadau, L. Steidle, M. Kley, D. Cansu Güney, J. Albrecht, K. Weber A concept for comparison of new and aged lubricants in transmissions of electric vehicles and a method of oil aging on a test rig S. 1195-1206

„… Applications. Lubricants 7 (2019) 4, doi: 10.3390/lubricants7040033. [10] Fachagentur Nachwachsende Rohstoffe e …” „… Heavy-Duty Truck E-Axle with Oil Analysis Data. Lubricants 10 (2022) 10, doi: 10.3390/lubricants10100252. [17 …” „… aging relevant for real applications in electrical drive systems must be established. This paper …”

J. Langhart, S. Ebrahimi, T. Kelichhaus A comparison of time and frequency domain approaches for NVH S. 583-598

„… , T. Giese; NVH Analysis and Simulation of Automotive E-Axles - Gear Technology Jan/Feb 2021 [2] S …” „… transmissions are meanwhile state of the art and are requested for many applications. For the analysis of …” „… calculation approaches consequently lead to different application areas. So, for example, the time domain …”

B. Abert, D. Werner The Influence of Wheel Body Design on Airborne Noise S. 357-366

„… mapped and reproduced. In conclusion, the FVA-Workbench in conjunction with AVL Excite for e-Axle is a …” „… verified method that has been deemed sufficiently precise for tooth contact simulation in most applications …” „… high-torque e-machines are larger and more expensive, and therefore lean and compact high-speed drives are …”

F. Reinle, D. Mangherini, A. Bongiovanni Enhancing gear performance through advanced mass finishing and DEM simulation S. 1777-1786

„… workpiece holder axle. It is evident that the particles do not undesirably adhere to the gear, as the …” „… creating relative velocity within the gaps e.g the flank surfaces. The deceleration observed as particles …” „… application scope can be expanded to accommodate a wider range of geometries and improve process performance …”

A. Hilligardt, V. Schulze Gear Skiving with Minimum Twist Errors S. 1749-1764

„… ] Daniel, B. and Biermann T.: eAxle Family in Coaxial and Offset Arrangements, 16th CTI Symposium …” „… produced. In practical applications, the unintended profile angle changes over the tooth width resulting …” „… efficiency and material utilization. At the same time, the limited space available for mobile applications …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024225

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Drivetrain Solutions for Commercial Vehicles

VDI Wissensform GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2421 2023

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B. Wunderlich Development of an heavy duty eAxle for worldwide application within Daimler Truck portfolio S. 175-180

„… Development of an heavy duty eAxle for worldwide application within Daimler Truck portfolio Dipl …” „… housing. It is used for eCascadia’s 4x2 configuration or tan-dem as first rear axle (6x4 application …” „… used as second rear axle for the eCascadia 6x4 application. Fig. 5: Overview Re440 derivates and …”

I. Gonzalez, C. Reisinger Electrifying trucks and commercial vehicles without compromise S. 59-66

„… KG, Lannach, Austria 1. Market requirements for eBeam applications The truck and commercial …” „… described, three basic beam axle architectures were determined: For applications with high rigidity …” „… also two ‘Salisbury’ type axles, where the axle steel tubes are pressed to the housing of the e …”

M. Trahand Drivetrain architectures and vehicle integration: The evolution and advantages of in-wheel propulsion for heavy-duty commercial vehicles S. 123-134

„… inte-grating it into eAxles. The next step in electric drivetrain evolution led motor companies to combine …” „… motors and controls for a variety of commer-cial vehicle applications. The PreSet Plus eHub wheel end …” „… vehicle applications. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2421, 2023130 Fig. 3: PreSet Plus eHub potential applications …”

M. Eisele, M. Kohler Modular Electric Driveline Platform for Commercial Vehicles – Central Drives and Electric Axles Built up From Standardized and Scalable Components S. 37-46

„… applications matrix, where the effort for e-axle integration might be too high. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2421, 202338 …” „… the electric axle. They are more suitable for standard truck applications with high volumes, where a …” „… applications and are a key enabler for high integration level of e-motor and transmission. No. Driving …”

C. Braykoff CAM – Common Axle Module – The TRATON Common Axle Module for conventional and electric powertrain S. 67-74

„… every customer application. The new axle drive generation should be lighter and more efficient as the …” „… axle for very demanding transport and construction site applications, which should be stronger than the …” „… existing MAN axle HYD-1370. A medium-heavy tandem, which is based on a less demanding or normal application …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-X

„… ComponentsDevelopment of an heavy duty eAxle for worldwide application within Daimler Truck portfolio 175B. Wunderlich …” „… wieder. Printed in Germany.ISSN 0083-5560ISBN 978-3-18-092421-2 · E-ISBN 978-3-18-102421-8 …” „… concepts for fuel cell commercial vehicles – From practical to application-oriented designs 13H. Heimes, A …”

A. Rozum, R. Uerlich, G. Witham, L. Eckstein Modular powertrains for heavy-duty electric vehicles – From concept to prototype S. 191-XII

„… project of Concept ELV2 (funded by BMWi), a novel electrically driven axle (e-axle) is developed together …” „… requirement sources for heavy duty vehicles, followed up by different transmission concepts for e-axles. A …” „… different operation strategies of the latter. Lastly, the measurement data of the Concept ELV2 e-axle …”

B. Meurer The next level of an improved Truck-Trailer connection and interaction – Examples for Electrification and Automated Driving S. 29-36

„… battery cooling system with further com-ponents and an adapted suspension to integrate the ZF e-Axle …” „… mechanically, Fig. 2. The elec-tric axle builds on ZF’s axle program for truck applications. It integrates the …” „… in one housing. The electrified trailer’s e-Axle recuperates kinetic energy during braking …”

A. Arnberger, H. Wancura, M. Wieser, H. Zhou, W. Gruber, J. Pell, C. Schörghuber Hybrid powertrain with hydrogen-engine – Technical solutions for future commercial vehicle powertrains S. 79-92

„… measure above, i.e., the use of a hybrid powertrain, needs to be evaluated in detail, as the Diesel engine …” „… further improve the fuel consumption of a long-haul heavy-duty application by approx. 6% [1] on the VECTO …” „… Long haul cycle.  Transient Load Response: The instantaneous available torque of an e-motor supports …”

G. Wiche Voith Central Drive Concept for HD Trucks S. 181-190

„… ), Heidenheim Zusammenfassung Eine der großen Herausforderungen des Übergangs zur E-Mobilität besteht darin …” „… 181 Abstract One of the main challenges of the transition towards E-Mobility is the implementation of …” „… AMT was designed from scratch and fits to all E-Mobility specific needs. The patented structure …”

H. Heimes, A. Kampker, M. Kehrer, S. Hagedorn, P. Euchner Packaging concepts for fuel cell commercial vehicles – From practical to application-oriented designs S. 13-28

„… Packaging concepts for fuel cell commercial vehicles From practical to application …” „… M.Sc., Chair of Production Engineering of E-Mobility Components (PEM) of RWTH Aachen Zusammenfassung …” „… further application areas in which he integrated his powertrain technology. Hence, Daimler was able to …”

J. Hohn, M. Fister, C. Spieker, A. Lemmer Optimisation of an unsynchronized transmission for commercial vehicles up to 7 tonnes S. 161-174

„… und der Schaltvorgang vorgestellt. Abstract Synergy effects should be used through the application …” „… powered purely by internal combustion engines. This problem is the motivation for the Scale-e …” „… , this type of unsynchronised gearshift has mainly been used in racing or motorbike applications, due to …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024218

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Dritev 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2420 2023

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R. Plavullathil, M. Rihn, C. Bridier Marelli’s eAxle family strategy – Agile answer to a moving EV market S. 281-294

„… Marelli’s eAxle family strategy Agile answer to a moving EV market Dipl.-Ing. Rahul Plavullathil …” „… field of e-axle design and development is incredibly hard. To design an e-axle optimized for the …” „… capability to cover more than 90% of the market needs of e-axles, from A segment cars to performance cars and …”

J. Jennings, D. Finn, T. Hunter Novel Multi-Functional Clutch Technology for EV Drivetrain Disconnects – Next Generation Disconnect with One-Way-Clutch for Automatic, and Non-Blocked Shifting S. 325-338

„… Management Solutions: Dynamic Controllable Clutch (DCC) and Electro-Mechanical E-axle Disconnect …” „… . Another key difference is that electric vehicles have a dedicated eMotor for each axle, or in some cases a …” „… eAxle system. In this centralized location, both wheels of the axle can be disconnected with a single …”

M. Magnusson, O. Nicklasson, H. Jacobsson Electric Cross Differential, eXD S. 235-252

„… propulsion axle equipped with an eXD (eLSD). An open differential mechanism acts as 50/50% torque …” „… speed. To increase the torque on the high grip side, a propulsion axle equipped with an eXD can instead …” „… the axle input torque is on average 1950Nm. When eXD is used, the average propulsion power is 7.1kW …”

Y. Jin Smart eDrive – Autonomous cooling eDrive for small BEVs and P4 AWD S. 21-36

„… related components and integrate the cooling elements directly on the eAxle. For example, the water pump …” „… will be inte-grated on the eAxle as an oil pump. The radiator will be integrated as the cooling fins …” „… all over the surface of the eAxle. The eAxle will fully be cooled by the air flow externally, making …”

S. Yan, P. Piecha, N. Hetzel Virtual Generation of Load Profiles and Spectra for Designing Electrified Vehicles – The influence of software and driving scenarios on powertrain design S. 377-390

„… be modeled and parameterized adequately. In an application example, load data are derived for …” „… scenario. 3. Application Example To generate load data, an all-wheel-drive electric vehicle with one …” „… electric motor per axle was modeled. For this vehicle, two different torque vectoring strategies (TVS) were …”

L. Bayoux, K.-L. Kimmig, D. Reitz Has the potential in terms of weight, installation space, and function already been exhausted for hybrid transmissions? S. 205-220

„… .): Executive Order N-79-20 [3] Biermann, T.: The Innovative Schaeffler Modular E-Axle. Baden-Baden: Schaeffler …” „… zwei E-Motoren in einem Stator zu kombinieren. Vorteile dieses geschachtelten Aufbaus sind die hohe …” „… das neue Schaeffler Blech-Kegelraddifferential, welches bei Hybrid und E-Fahrzeugen eingesetzt werden …”

J. Bonifacio, V. Warth, S. Scharr Optimizing sustainable high-performance e-drives S. 349-358

„… , W., Warth, V.: System Optimization for 800 V e-drive Systems in Automotive Applications. ATZ …” „… choice of the gear-ratio and special requirements for high power automotive applicationsGearbox design …” „… automotive applications relate to the maximization of the efficiency and reduction of the total weight of the …”

J. Gindele, F. Faistauer The Future of BEV: High Performance Without Compromising Driving Efficiency S. 37-44

„… relevant operating points were depicted via eDrive axle speed and axle torque. The relevant operating …” „… the rear axle). The savings are achieved in operating phases that are relevant for consumption, i.e …” „… shown that with an intelligent eAWD (electric all-wheel drive) design, all-wheel drives can even be more …”

C. Gropp Leading sustainable transportation: Bringing our vision to the road S. 1-12

„… required Dipl.-Ing. (BA) Christian Gropp, Director R&D e-axles, axles and transmissions, Daimler Truck AG …” „… 2021, we introduced the eActros with an in-house developed and produced e-axle, address-ing regional …” „… applications where we foresee significant ad-vantages for H2 based propulsion. These applications e.g. demand …”

H. Sandquist, E. Barrientos, S. Klacar Systemized Modular Approach for Electric Drive Unit Family Development S. 89-106

„… vehicles applications. The E-Motor scalability makes application and differentiation easy.EDU L300 – 178 kW …” „… peak efficiency ≥ 97.5%. For the secondary axle in BEV applications an induction machine would be …” „… -, structure systems, or optional shifting elements. To create flexibility for application without sacrificing …”

C. Reumüller, M. Sedlmair, M. Hein, A. Damm Transformation from conventional to electric powertrains Challenges in testing mechatronic shifting systems S. 359-376

„… example to disable 4-wheel-drive [2] for reducing drag torque in cruise mode or to connect an e-axle in a …” „… powertrain of the future for passenger cars as well as commercial vehicle applications will also contain …” „… gears, limited slip differentials, active torque vectoring or connect and disconnect systems for axles …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIV

„… , DarmstadtMarelli’s eAxle family strategy – Agile answer to a moving EV market 281R. Plavullathil, Marelli EPT, Turin …” „… optimization of the NVH behavior of an eDrive power train – Application of a Targeted Micro Geometry Scatter …” „… VDI-ConferenceDritev 2023July 5 and 6, 2023, Baden-BadenMain topics:Thermal management of e-machinesDesign and …”

C. Mohr Acoustic Optimization of Electric Powertrains from a Vehicle Level Perspective S. 471-XVI

„… e-axle; this involved performing a noise synthesis based on compo-nent measurements as well as a full …” „… vollständige Werk-zeugkette wurde an einem Demonstrationsfahrzeug mit einer E-Achse von Schaeffler vali-diert …” „… applications, can already be defined at a very early development stage, Figure 1. The robustness of a limit …”

A. Paone, J. Larbig, A. Rohm, T. Höche ZF TherMaS: Holistic Thermal Management for BEV S. 45-60

„… vehicles (BEV) have almost reached levels of perfection at test conditions, e.g. WLTC. But in real driving …” „… , when heating of e.g. cabin and battery is required, realized by electric heaters supplied by battery …” „… increase efficiency, every kind of optimization on the component level (e-motor, power electronics, reducer …”

A. Kappes, S. Frei, P. Noone, Stephan Rinderknecht Development and Design of a Range Extended four-speed Two-Drive-Powertrain S. 253-280

„… Darmstadt Zusammenfassung Es wird ein elektrischer Doppel-E-Antrieb vorgestellt, der einen …” „… Doppelwechselrichter ermöglicht zusammen mit zwei kleineren E-Maschinen die Nut-zung von Downsizing-Effekten bei …” „… axle and connect them to the same transmission output, as illustrated in Fig. 4 as a TDT11. The expense …”

C. Gürlich, S. Demmerer, M. Winkel, K. Führer Transmission – the most underestimated part of the electric drive – Next generation transmission S. 183-196

„… ) Integrated e-drive system with e-motor, power electronics and reducer from a single source [3] Coaxial and …” „… . This design is commonly used in vehicles that have little space for the e-drive and is known for its …” „… various applications. Building a modular system out of a flexible gear ratio offers several benefits …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024201

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Dritev 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2401 2022

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

J. Merckling Use of Power-Dense Fuel-Efficient Tapered Roller Bearings in E-Drives under Low-Viscosity Oil and High-Speed Conditions S. 153-168

„… for electric vehicle e-axles, since their bearing loading and application drivers are different from …” „… testing the full application/e-axle. A benefit of this approach is that it isolates bearing losses from …” „… drivelines) designed for these applications.Fig. 4: Example e-driveVDI-Berichte Nr. 2401, 2022156Speed …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-X

„… ApplicationsFlowforming – High-strength complex components including toothing formed from a single sheet of metal …” „… drivesIntelligent all-wheel driveThermal management of e-machinesSustainability and life cycle analysis in …” „… Germany.ISSN 0083-5560E-ISBN 978-3-18-102401-0ISBN 978-3-18-092401-4Bibliographische Information der Deutschen …”

D. Held The EtelligentReach Project – A new Level for Range and Dynamics S. 267-276

„… advanced disconnect strategies on both drive axles, new winding technologies for the e-machines, optimized …” „… equipped with a decoupling unit which allows Magna’s operation strategy to decouple the front axle e …” „… Vehicle eDS, Magna Powertrain GmbH & Co KG, Lannach, Austria Abstract: Technical solutions 1st, 2nd and 3 …”

A. J. Wimmer High-Speed Testing: The Fast Lane towards a Running System S. 365-380

„… high-speed drive test systems for e-mobility applications over the last decade (projection for 2022 …” „… in test set-ups for complete e-axles. In such a highly integrated environment the axle shafts run …” „… testing applications regarding e-mobility are equipped with measurement devices. Apart from standard …”

T. Skubacz, C. Burkhardt, S. Krischke Proof of Concept: Bistable Shift Element S. 241-252

„… . The second example (Fig. 1b) shows the application in an e-axle configuration. The vehicle may also be …” „… equipped with two independent e-axles (front/rear drive). The bistable switching element enables the …” „… driving conditions. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2401, 2022242 Fig. 1: a) Multi-mode hybrid drivetrain b) E-axle …”

J. Kniel, M. Göckler, B. Müller Holistic thermal management as a “must have” for efficient BEV S. 397-406

„… electronics to the system requirements of a E-Axle or even coolant and refrigerant circuit and vice versa …” „… a different situation. Choos-ing the cooling concept of the E-Axle and E-Motor is the second step …” „… thermal strate-gy on vehicle level, see also Fig. 7. For example, in the case of a BEV, our e-Axle model …”

D. Lindvai-Soos, S. Kaimer Electric Drives for All-wheel Functions – A System Comparison of ASM and PSM S. 109-118

„… axle. The driver experiences enhanced traction and better handling. Therefore in electric passenger …” „… importance for these volume applications. They complete the primary drive with a drive of the second axis. In …” „… , only one driven axle and a driving range from 350 to 500 km are typical. Above these, performance …”

K. Lee, M. Song, S. Lim Multi-body Dynamics of a Vehicle Axle System Based on a Time-varying Gear Mesh Model for Investigating Hypoid Gear Noise and Vibration S. 185-196

„… charac-teristics of the rear axle in a vehicle application. In the hypoid gear set, the precise time-varying hypoid …” „… Multi-body Dynamics of a Vehicle Axle System Based on a Time-varying Gear Mesh Model for …” „… source due to the induced misalignment under high loading and external road conditions in the axle …”

T. König, L. Stütz, L. Bauer, M. Kley Model-based simulation of a longitudinal dynamics vehicle model with a single-wheel drive S. 381-396

„… selected. The longitudinal dynamics (e.g. vehicle speed) are simulated via a two-axle vehicle body in …” „… ., Öztürk, N. and Kurt, E.: Application of artificial neural network to esti-mate power generation and …” „… about the performance of vehicles. In the following application, a multifunctional implement carrier …”

H. Spånberg Electric Torque Vectoring Disconnect unit, eTVD S. 253-266

„… motor on the secondary axle. This paper explains the benefits and possibilities with the eTVD from a …” „… on the rear axle. In that way the eTVD offers the possibility to freely distribute the accelerating …” „… separation of the discs when the system does not need traction force on the rear axle. Then the rear E …”

M. Essam Ahmed, I. Garcia de Madinabeitia Merino, F. Duchi Advanced Electric Drive Modelling for Thermal and NVH adaptive control S. 407-XII

„… Advanced Electric Drive Modelling for Thermal and NVH adaptive control Case study 48V e-Axle for …” „… . AVL has succeeded in realizing a 48V e-axle with up to 32kW peak performance, used in a P4 …” „… practical example of the presented 48V e-axle can be seen in Fig. 6 [3]. The overshoots with a step response …”

F. Pfister, N. Hetzel, K. Büttner Objectified Evaluation of Fundamental Driveability Maneuvers at Powertrain-in-the-Loop Testbeds for Electric Drive Units S. 61-72

„… . 2401, 2022 611. Introduction The automotive industry is shifting towards e-mobility. Manufacturers …” „… e.g. [1]. This suggests that the calibration of electric powertrains regarding driving comfort and …” „… has an additional electric axle, but the testbed only has two dynos, this axle is operated as a …”

M. Hein, S. Prinke, A. Damm, P. Fischer Testing of shift elements – Standardized Methods, State of the Art and Future Challenges S. 73-94

„… steps e.g. up to 20 m/s sliding speed can be added easily if required. For DCT applications the shifting …” „… FISCHER, PEI & DAMM [8]. Such applications can be used for disconnecting axles in electric AWD (so-called …” „… elements, for example to realize multi speed functionality, for connect / disconnect applications or as …”

M. Schröder, K. Herold, C. Monissen Efficiency Increase of Electric Machines with Active Thermal Field Weakening S. 119-132

„… ., Maiterth, J. M., Pischinger, S.: Cost Optimization of E-Drives for Traction Applications, 29th Aachen …” „… are based on a compact electric vehicle, driven on one axle by a drive train with a peak power of 150 …” „… state-of-the-art PMSM for traction applications. The machine has four pole pairs with a delta-shaped pole geometry …”

V. Ludwig Life Cycle Assessments – Magna’s Path to Eco-Social Products S. 27-36

„… increasingly confront the automotive industry is social due diligence, i.e., auditing suppliers and …” „… several OEMs have been using in many applications. The study considers the entire cradle-to-gate chain …” „… products, i.e., mainly iron and steel, followed by production of the raw material. It includes the …”

G. Göppert, M. Adrian AI Approach to Wet Friction Torque Model Adaptation S. 321-334

„… clutch supported ICE starts. In addition, multi-gear e-axle systems or mechanical torque vectoring units …” „… . LSTM can back-propagate many cells without eliminating the gradients. The application and learning of …” „… . Input is 20 equidistantly sampled time frames of 11 input signals – shape of input is (20,11), i.e …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024010

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Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2354 2019

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

B. Müller, C. Angrick, M. Fritz New concepts for electrical drive trains for high power density S. II-55-II-66

„… e-motor, power electronics, sensors to software application-specific, high power density solutions with a …” „… installation position. The fact that e-axles always have at least one transmission stage leads to e …” „… , such as applications with extremely short axial installation spaces, e.g. 48 V hybrid modules, in …”

C. Dassler, M. Kurch, M. Nichols NVH-challenges and solution approaches in electric drive development from the supplier‘s view S. I-349-I-366

„… application-specific limit values for the transmission error. Fig. 7: Overview of Transmission NVH layout process …” „… des Kunden. Dabei müssen die Geräusche der E-Maschine, des Inverters und des Getriebes sowie deren …” „… “Eco-friendly drives”, which covers the development of corresponding products such as electric axles and hybrid …”

A. Kinigadner, T. Biermann Schaeffler eAxle family – future solutions for the electric drivetrain S. I-567-II-VIII

„… Schaeffler eAxle family – future solutions for the electric drivetrain Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing …” „… necessitated by CO2 legislation. Electric axles can be enablers in achieving emission targets and new e-axle …” „… requirements. Electric machine For electric axle applications with full driving capabilities, we will take …”

M. Özbek, J. Trommer, K. Akiyama, Y. Yamada Nidec next generation electric traction motor S. II-77-II-84

„… 3. Nidec e-Axle First application for Nidec’s traction motor is the in-house developed e-Axle …” „… flexibility. The e-Axle covers a wide array of applications, ranging from compact cars to SUV platforms and is …” „… compact design. The motor is included in Nidec’s own e-Axle that is introduced to the market in May 2019 …”

C. Schmahl, M. Höck, D. Ressin, M. Kesseler GKN’s ActiveConnect AWD system as an energy-efficient solution for electrified vehicles S. I-555-I-566

„… electrified secondary axle using the example of battery electric vehicles. Based on specific application …” „… considerably by means of torque vectoring and a cross-axle locking functionality. Application scenarios for …” „… axle) to successfully affect the fleet consumption. Scenario 3: OEM with average AWD market share (e …”

P. Janssen, R. Keizer, T. Rosen Optimization of multi-motor electric drive systems – What is the optimum combination in terms of efficiency and cost? S. I-255-I-264

„… using a smart combination of e-motor types, for example an ASM on the rear axle and a EESM or PMSM on …” „… gearset , some applications use multi-speed solutions. The most widespread e-motor technology today is …” „… and different e-motor technologies were analysed for a target vehicle application with a system power …”

C. Schoerghuber, I. Müller, H. Wiener Dedicated hybrid transmission for commercial vehicle applications – Mechanical layout, system analysis and simulation of a dedicated hybrid transmission for commercial vehicles S. III-29-III-48

„… axle. The DHT consists of the input shafts for the e-motors and the engine, gear boxes for speed …” „… , e-motors and rear axle are adapted for achieving the different vehicle requirements. Depending on the …” „… application the OD-mode and the PTO function are not required and therefore designed optionally. E.g. for a …”

R. Dold New powertrain concepts for heavy duty commercial vehicles S. III-9-III-18

„… efficient and suited to daily use. The Truck is mainly build from Battery system, E-axle and chassis. At …” „… operations. The chassis is a so-called 6x2 NLA, i.e. a 3-axle vehicle with 4,900 mm wheelbase and a steered …” „… Trucks focusses on development of Zero Emission Vehicles (ZEV) for different Truck applications (Light …”

R. Gat, M. Ehlen Virtual lubrication analysis – Simulation of oil flow in gearboxes using a novel lagrangian approach S. I-133-I-136

„… components are of growing interest. A wide domain of application nowadays gives a huge potential in …” „… handle real geometries and movements without simplifications (e.g. gears interlocking). AVL Thermal and …” „… HVAC developed a failsafe and easy workflow for various automotive fluid management applications …”

P. Lück, K. Bennewitz, J. Tousen Volkswagen’s electric drivetrains of the new modular e-drive kit (MEB) S. I-515-I-530

„… Heating of the E-Axle Drive Fig. 8: Coolant flow through the PI and stator The e-axle drive is liquid …” „… . Technical Data of MEB E-Drives The compact MEB axle drives for the ID. vehicle family provide a remarkable …” „… the e-Golf Drive The comparison between the technical data of the new MEB rear-axle drive and the …”

A. Gehring, M. Beringer, M. Özdemir Overview of stator technologies motors for electro mobility in passcars – The right technology for each application S. II-67-II-76

„… dominantly. Whereas in the area of axle drive systems both for hybrid applications and pure electric …” „… for each application Alexander Gehring, Dr. Matthias Beringer, Murat Özdemir, ZF Friedrichshafen …” „… each application. This article focuses on the stator designs and technologies, since the last decade …”

S. Kluemper Benefits of the new Allison 9-speed fully automatic – Medium duty commercial transmission S. III-61-III-74

„… . Target applications were established with the new capabilities of the new 9-speed in mind. The …” „… -Speed has also been designed to cover a wide range of markets in a variety of applications as shown in …” „… Figure1: New 9-Speed Target Applications NEW 9-SPEED ARCHITECTURE - HARDWARE The new 9-Speed …”

R. Nasdal, K. Masser Diverse requirements, one product family – The HV Kit for LCV from MAGNA S. III-55-III-60

„… rear axle eDrive unit to be combined with the untouched ICE powertrain in the front of the vehicle …” „… 65kW Concept 2: Conventional drivetrain plus electric rear axle eDrive LOW up to 90kW Concept 3 …” „… : Battery electric truck with eDrive MID on front axle up to 140kW All concept are designed for pure e …”

W. Wenzel, M. Eglinger, M. Li, C. Sieg, J. Hengst, F. Küçükay Next generation of 48V HEV S. I-295-I-312

„… of up to 12 kW and usually a less power for electric boosting on the crankshaft. P0 applications are …” „… higher share of braking energy which improves the CO2 potential of these applications. An evaluation of …” „… rate and a high market in Europe, but show significant growth rates also on other markets, e.g. China …”

K. von Rueden, C. Danzer, J. Liebold, T. Mueller, T. Hirschbeck 1, 2 or 3 – how much it would be? Evaluating the need of multispeed electric drives coming from different perspectives S. I-227-I-254

„… ist es, mit einem modularen System aus E-Maschinen-, Getriebeund Leistungselektronik mit möglichst …” „… Konstruktion der E-Maschine berücksichtigt werden muss. Beide mit dem Fokus auf die Optimierung des …” „… applications that can be used to represent the modular systems of an entire vehicle fleet consisting of …”

S. Demmerer Efficiency of electric axle drive systems – Potential of multi-speed-drives S. I-279-I-286

„… help to improve the performance in case of a specific application and a given e-motor – inverter …” „… Efficiency of Electric Axle Drive Systems Potential of Multi-Speed-Drives Dr. rer. nat …” „… unter Berücksichtigung der E-Maschine, so lässt sich die Effizienz deutlich steigern, kurz: Ein …”

H. Schäfer System impacts to the electrical drive by using SIC-power semiconductors S. II-15-II-28

„… Lastpunkten untersucht werden. Abstract In existing traction drive applications, mainly IGBT’s will be …” „… used for the power semiconductors. For future applications with a demand on higher switching …” „… electrical machine, e.g. winding isolation (aging) and bearing (bearing currents) has to be considered …”

M. Maillard, L. Laurenty, S. Chretien Impact of hybridization on functional safety for low voltage eMotors – Impact of electrical and hybrid architectures (P2 P4) on the ASIL of electrical machines (eMotors) S. II-141-II-150

„… Impact of hybridization on functional safety for Low voltage eMotors Impact of electrical and …” „… hybrid architectures (P2... P4) on the ASIL of electrical machines (eMotors) Magali Maillard …” „… directly on the rear axle. We will then explain how the maximum potential torque transmitted by the …”

M. Bahne, A. Wiesebrock Flexible oil management for dual-clutch transmissions S. I-447-I-454

„… applications Weight optimization for CO2 reduction is a continuous challenge [3]. As a part of a …” „… ]. One reason why Magna Powertrain favors the P2.5 architecture is that the small high-speed e …” „… can be implemented without having to modify the installation position or the front axle design due …”

K. Hasegawa, D. Kosaka, S. Shimizu, K. Kawabata, H. Tsukashima Development of new hybrid AWD system for the SUV segment S. I-501-I-514

„… that this SUV would be driven in daily and camping usage scenarios (i.e., not for work use …” „… Synchronous AC motor 3.944 Rear trans axle Max. torque 121 Nm 139 Nm Motor VDI-Berichte Nr. 2354, 2019506 …” „… eslip+KdKpksfb slipslip (3)- e sliprefslipactslip 　 (1)-　　 s Mg GxM L HW ksff r 0 (4)- eslip dt +Kidt d …”

C. Möser, T. Märkle, K. Hornung Effective acoustic development of electrified powertrains – Combination of simulation and evaluation methods S. I-329-I-348

„… utilised for sound design purposes, as the typical “e” noise can elicit high levels of identification with …” „… normally (manual) filtering of the complete assembly. Components not relevant to the calculation (e …” „… function works virtually VDI-Berichte Nr. 2354, 2019334 100% in practical application. The window from the …”

P. Fietkau, N. Lamparsky, M. Felbermaier, A. Fröhlcke, T. Conze Holistic design approach for electric drives S. I-163-I-178

„… Auslegungsgrößen für einen neuen Antrieb. Im dAS Motor werden die Aktivteile der E-Maschine ausgelegt und das …” „… result is a significant trend towards the digitalization of product development, i.e. greatly expanded …” „… drives combine the e-motor, inverter and gearbox in a single unit. Consequently, numerous disciplines are …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023549

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Commercial Vehicles 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2350 2019

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

M. Lamke, M. Eisele, F.-D. Speck ZF Kit for E-Mobility Products for Commercial Vehicles S. 73-86

„… means E-Systems must be able to support these application variants in an efficient way. To be able to …” „… in terms of efficiency, which is important for applications with higher range. The axle design is …” „… (electric drives and hybrid transmissions). The development and testing of an overall application-specific …”

M. Fritz Modular Platform Approach for Electric Drive System in Commercial Vehicles S. 103-114

„… applications. For application at higher speed as typically found for electric axle drives usually only …” „… integrated electronics or external electronics Application-specific conditions as operational voltage or …” „… the modular approach easily allows to react on diverging and application-specific requirements. Fig. 6 …”

N. Berger Energy-recuperation as business-case for semitrailers – Smart electrification solution for semitrailers S. 99-102

„… semitrailer axle can reduce fuel consumption, noise and exhaust emissions and thus optimize the costs of …” „… the semitrailer. What are the benefits for this business case? The electrified axle recuperates …” „… energy during braking and when driving downhill, which can be used for various applications. This free …”

J. Hintereder, S. Sattler, U. Gunzert Development of a disruptive semitrailer tractor in light-weight construction S. 45-60

„… necessary only at a small number of points (e.g. shock absorber domes on front and rear axles or load …” „… react sensitively to weight and on vehicles equipped with electrical drivelines, for example e-axles …” „… suspension on the front axle makes for better comparison of later measurements with the new vehicle …”

W. Schmitt, P. Huse, R. Koehnsen A new chassis-concept for electrified, light commercial vehicles based on innovative forming technologies S. 61-72

„… preassigned force application points and axle bearing points are implemented. As a conclusion it can be said …” „… . It also offers a chassis-integrated protection for the energy storage (e. g. the battery system …” „… ), which is currently one main challenge dealing with e-mobility. This is accomplished by a bionic …”

D. Vorgerd The Mercedes-Benz eCitaro – A modular concept for sustainable electro mobility in city bus operations S. 9-18

„… eCitaro’s drive system is provided by an electric portal axle with electric motors at the wheel hubs. The …” „… The Mercedes-Benz eCitaro A modular concept for sustainable electro mobility in city bus …” „… Mercedes-Benz eCitaro [Fig.1] is an innovative fully electric bus that fulfils this wide range of customer …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-X

„… 1 J. Schwarze, Kölner Verkehrs-Betriebe AG, Cologne f Vehicle Concepts The Mercedes-Benz e …” „… Automotive SE & Co.KG, Worms f Electrification ZF Kit for E-Mobility Products for Commercial Vehicles …” „… 73 M. Lamke, M. Eisele, F.-D. Speck, ZF Friedrichshafen AG, Friedrichshafen The e …”

K. Kunz Increasing transport efficiency through digitalisation of trailers S. 313-328

„… digital technologies and applications (e.g. mobile, cloud, sensors, data analysis, machine learning …” „… be avoided by increasing trailer transport efficiency. Great potential for improvement arises e …” „… digitalisation of a network, e.g. an entire supply chain or a single logistics process [12]. Digitalisation …”

S. Schönherr The new MAN Lion’s City – path-breaking vehicle design concept for more attractive public transport for tomorrow S. 19-32

„… MAN EfficientHybrid, the independent-wheel suspension on the front axle, the LED lighting functions …” „… Lion’s City E, the brand-new electric bus, the roof curves are replaced by a higher and modified front …” „… USB slot are in the lateral control panel; additional storage facilities are available too, e.g. in …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023501

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Systematic Derivation of Objective Requirements on Vehicle Steering System

Martin Ralf Münster

Reihe: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Band 819 2023

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Subsystem Analysis of the Front Axle S. 93-122

„… , namely the front axle, is shown. However, the testrig itself features another pair of rollers for, e. g …” „… . Asin this application, focus is set on the front axle, instead of the complete vehicle model only …” „… , application-specific measurements for tiremodel identification have been performed by TNO [132].Besides the tires, next …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVI

„… Analysis of the Front Axle . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1085.4.1 Application-Specific Requirements on the …” „… Verkehrstechnik/FahrzeugtechnikISBN 978-3-18-381912-6E-ISBN 978-3-18-681912-3Nr. 819Reihe 12Verkehrstechnik/FahrzeugtechnikNr. 819 …” „… | 08:40:45 | 350 mm x 250 mmD a s T e c h n i k K a r r i e r e N e w s - P o r t a l f ü r I n g e n i e u …”

Requirement-Based Module Design Using Solution Spaces S. 153-188

„… toconcrete design problems of, e. g., the steering and front-axle subsystems design, can be welldemonstrated …” „… workflow of the DoE-study regarding the front axle,as outlined in Fig. 7.14, can be divided into individual …” „… DesignFront-AxleVirtual AnalysisRoller Test-RigDoE Input table#1..nParameter setsData set#1..ni+1while iE …”

Introduction S. 1-12

„… vehicle, i. e., when all subsystemssuch as steering and front axle are assembled and thus coupled with one …” „… example of the front axle that thisprocedure can be extended to problems where multiple requirements, e. g …” „… development phase must be shortened, i. e., the designprocess has to be accelerated.As the majority of vehicle …”

Deriving Requirements on Subsystem Level S. 35-62

„… the application-specific difficulties,such as, e. g., the availability of only a few information on …” „… vehicle, thefront axle or the steering subsystems, then they have to be formulated quantitatively. For …” „… thispurpose, target properties must be represented by quantitative numbers, e. g., maximum valuesover vehicle …”

Substructuring the Vehicle Steering S. 13-34

„… one of the first substructuring applications,where an arbitrary mechanical structure is constructed …” „… deliveryof the steering suppliers. Especially at the front axle, the subsystem boundaries have to befurther …” „… subsystems and modules it consists of, as well as thebasic application of different substructuring methods to …”

Conclusion S. 189-194

„… DoE-study, for instance, to be able to evaluate both kinds ofsteering feedback.8.2 Future Work 193Front-Axle …” „… Chapter 8ConclusionThe present work investigates the application of substructuring to top-down …” „… vehiclerepresenting the global system is divided into steering and front-axle subsystems. After acomparison of …”

Appendix 1 S. 205-224

„… composition of front axle and steering dynamics [84].A.7 DoE Input Table for the Steering Design-Study 219A.7 …” „… 1e-4220 A Appendix 1A.8 DoE Input Table for the Front-Axle Design-StudyTable A.5 lists a selection …” „… the DoE-study of the front-axle subsystem, reported inSec. 7.3.2 of Chapter 7. Note that many more …”

Resulting Subsystem Requirements S. 123-152

„… Chapter 6Resulting Subsystem RequirementsRequirements for front axle and steering subsystems are …” „… , requirements for the steering subsystem are derived based on vehicle targetsand assumed front-axle dynamics …” „… .• Secondly, requirements for the front-axle subsystem are derived in analogous manner,based on vehicle …”

Subsystem Analysis of the Steering S. 63-92

„… guidance to therefinement of front-axle designs.→ At this stage, all functional criteria the steering has …” „… . e.,steering-wheel angle, which must remain under exclusive control of the driver. Particularlyat electric power …” „… steering (EPS), the assistance force is applied on demand, i. e., only whenmanual steering-wheel torque is …”

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LAND.TECHNIK 2022

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F. Wohlfahrt, T. Gores, S. Terorde, L. Frerichs Applicability Evaluations of Methane based Powertrain and Energy Storage Systems on High Performance Harvesting Machine Applications S. 423-430

„… CNG-concepts (r.) on a midrange combine Application-specific Engine Integration For the application …” „… Performance Harvesting Machine Applications M.Sc. Fabian Wohlfahrt, Dr.-Ing. Thomas Göres, Dipl.-Ing …” „… Future powertrain applications of high performance harvesting machines face progressively growing …”

G. Fiocchi Hybrid and full-electric solution for Telescopic Handler S. 147-152

„… electric motor able to supply front and rear axle. The traction e-motor is a radial flux type, based on …” „… front/rear axle Torque Vectoring control, integrated in the ePowertrain controller, enhancing the traction …” „… engineering division: e-Power Systems, focused in the development of the Digital and Electric/electronic …”

C. Birkmann, J. Wieckhorst, J. Pieper, C. Ehlert, R. Stirnimann, M. Stettler The Integration of a Scientific Soil Compaction Risk Indicator (TERRANIMO) into a Holistic Tractor and Implement Optimization System (CEMOS) S. 29-36

„… TERRANIMO. Besides transferring the resulting axle loads and tire pressure values, a mapping of the soil …” „… individually for front and rear axles in three different soil depths and for tires or tracks. This combination …” „… of electronic controller parameters like e.g. engine-transmission settings, rear hitch controller …”

A. A. Klopfenstein, C. R. Dean, R. Venkatesh, S. A. Shearer New Tire Technologies vs. Tracks – A Controlled Field Investigation to Assess Productivity S. 335-342

„… size of field machinery continues to grow, many agricultural professionals (e.g., producers, crop …” „… refence in the event soil properties changed during the testing period (e.g., rainfall event). a) b …” „… maintained at the mid-range of the respective adjustment settings (i.e., tandem disk gang depth, levelling …”

S. Prufling, B. Langer Latest technology solutions for Charging and e-Machines – how off-road and agriculture applications can benefit from automotive innovations S. 365-380

„… e-CVTs or auxiliary hydraulic units. The paper describes how off-road and agriculture applications can …” „… for e-mobility applications. There is a need for interconnected and seamlessly integrated solutions …” „… technology roadmap outlook for agriculture vehicles will be presented and related e-Machine applications …”

F. Pult, A. Stein, M. Geimer Challenges in the Use of Alternative Fuels: Solutions to handle Boil-Off Gas in Agricultural Machines S. 431-440

„… machines face special challenges since a high energetic autonomy [1] and minimal axle loads are required …” „… ) and therefore has a high potential for agricultural applications. Studies on heavy diesel trucks have …” „… engine connected to an alternator, e.g. the alternator of the vehicle. For the gas engine the main …”

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Land.Technik AgEng 2017

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F. Balbach, E. Nacke, S. Böttinger Method for load-based evaluation of machines using the example of a tractor S. 521-528

„… front axle C on ve rs io n to re fe re nc e po in t Reference load spectrum e.g. gearbox output …” „… . Application spectra of mid-size tractors vary a lot while large-size tractors are mostly used for heavy …” „… tillage or power take-off (pto) applications only. However, since hour meters only count operation hours …”

M. Peeters, V. Kloster, T. Fedde, L. Frerichs Integrated wheel load measurement for tractors S. 423-430

„… applications. In WO 2013/104981 A1 [2] and in [3] assemblies are described for rigid axles. The bending of …” „… today. A minimum axle load is the sweet spot for soil protection, whereas a certain weight is necessary …” „… to achieve the requested traction force. Therefore, the axle loads should be transferred via a large …”

J. Wieckhorst, T. Fedde, L. Frerichs A Traction Field Test – Real Time Tire Soil Parameters of a Tractor in Tillage Applications S. 431-438

„… retarder axles Time [s] D ra ft fo rc e [k N ] 10 15 20 5 0 0 2 4 -2D ev ia tio n [k N ] 0 10 15 20 25 35 …” „… A Traction Field Test – Real Time Tire Soil Parameters of a Tractor in Tillage Applications …” „… applications. The user can influence these traction losses by varying ballasting and the tire inflation …”

C. Ehlert, L. Erger Development of an Intelligent Stretch Brake System S. 143-148

„… throughout the course of agricultural history. Amongst others, transport applications have become a …” „… widespread usage profile. Within this application, speeds and loads have increased over the years. Today …” „… jack knifing, e.g. brake actuation of the service brake with parallel actuation of the drive pedal …”

C. Birkmann, T. Fedde, L. Frerichs Influence of the Drive Train and Chassis on Power Shift Operations in Standard Tractors S. 439-446

„… ue di ffe re nc e weak shaft cPart_2 stiff shaft cPart_2 speed threshold cPart_2 = cTire + cAxle t …” „… achieve an efficient transmission application process it is useful to have a general understanding of the …” „… four wheel drive (2WD, 4WD) is created. The drive train model includes transmission and axle ratio …”

W. Stark, C. Pieke Efficiency Optimization by Using “Vehicle in the Loop” Test Methodology S. 399-406

„… tests on a new 4WD powertrain test bed with active electric dynamometers mounted on all axles and PTO …” „… plus a hydraulic load unit. The test environment allows the replication of customer applications by …” „… optimization with excellent correlation to real world customer applications in an early development stage. This …”

J. Mengele Field test validation as part of the development of a narrow track tractor S. 417-422

„… outstanding number of different applications and the highly integrated operation possibilities for high …” „… . Particularly with regard to the huge number of special types of applications and implements of these tractors …” „… cabin. This specialty tractor has wider axles and higher lifting capacity at the three point linkage …”

J. Karner, C. Danner, A. Kerschbaumer, H. Prankl Definition of a test method to evaluate vibrations acting on a tractor driver S. 255-262

„… on the farm site. Increasing speeds result in high chassis accelerations, e.g. on rough tracks and …” „… minimum health and safety requirements is mandatory. The regulations (e.g. Directive 2002/44/EC [1 …” „… for tractor development (e.g. suspension setup) under different driving conditions. Competent …”

K. Szalay, L. Kovács, G. Bércesi, I. Oldal, E. Piron, J. Charlat, T. Joly, C. Poncet, F. Tran Agricultural Tire Energy Efficiency test method and dedicated equipment to measure the fuel consumption and traction of agricultural tires under real field conditions S. 407-416

„… equipment had been created as an acronym based on the possible application fields of the unique single …” „… wheel axle. Results presented in section [2] were obtained following ENTAM test protocol, namely by …” „… machine The FAST2 can be used for tests in field in “self propelled double axle” configuration (Fig. 6 …”

R. Schmetz Calculation of the losses in series-hybrid powertrains S. 513-520

„… trolleybuses, trams, also those with inductive energy supplies, and Siemens-eHighway trucks or as range …” „… systems depends very much on their particular application. According to [6] an ESHP is the most suitable …” „… for larger agricultural tractors, if advantageous also in combination with drive axles. On base of …”

A. Meiners, S. Häberle, S. Böttinger Advancement of the Hohenheim Tractor Model – Adaption on current demands S. 245-254

„… board for Technique and Construction in Agriculture) for each step of the process chain (e.g. seed bed …” „… application transferring these to the tractor in a predefined interface. Based on this the sub- VDI-Berichte …” „… machines (e.g. standard tractor with a rotary harrow), the performance class (e.g. 75-111 kW and 3 m) and …”

F. Hantschack, R. Rahmfeld, J. Bagusch, A. Meyer, E. Dohm Development of a high performance continuously variable drive for mobile agricultural and construction machinery S. 315-322

„… drive. The fields of application of telehandlers and wheeled loaders have become so divers that now …” „… 550 bar Rated application pressure 420 bar Rated flow 551 l/min VDI-Berichte Nr. 2300, 2017 317 Fig …” „… and rear axles with VDI-Berichte Nr. 2300, 2017318 only one output shaft and, on the other hand, the …”

D. Engelmann, M. R. Unger, M. Geimer Testing and Benchmarking a Powertrain with Independent Wheel Control for Heavy Machinery S. 303-314

„… addition, drivelines of that type have more losses under certain circumstances e.g., in the case of a …” „… adapted for application to the investigation of heavy machinery. As stated above, mobile machines have …” „… “ effect chain for LT3 This is how work function and driveline interact, e.g. in wheel loaders: When …”

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Powertrain Systems in Mobile Machines 2022

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L. Serrao Driving the electric transformation – The evolution of off-highway powertrain S. 135-150

„… trans-missions, with fewer speeds, compared to ICE applications. e) Electric motors are fully reversible, so …” „… drivetrain architectures is based on qualitative analysis from expe-rience and application knowledge (e …” „… ) eAxle (1-spd) eHub (1-spd) Vehicle packaging 10% 1 3 3 Drive Efficiency 10% 2 2 2 Motor sizing, cost 30 …”

R. Morrison, J. Legner Future Electrified Drivetrain for Off-Highway in the 60-80kW Power Range S. 163-170

„… different applications. ZF is offering the 2eCD50-90 transmission with axles as a system solution for an …” „… block for gear shifting, the 2eCD50-90 family of transmissions was created. An optional axle disconnect …” „… optional axle-disconnect was especially designed for the backhoe application. The same design concept was …”

F. Wohlfahrt, T. Göres, S. Terörde, L. Frerichs Decarbonization Strategies for Heavy Duty Harvesting Machinery S. 47-64

„… application-independently (e.g. [31; 32]) the topics of refuelling and storage need a specific focus. In figure 9 the shown …” „… modern powertrain applications. This does not exclude the heavy duty off-road sector “harvesting …” „… of the application are presented. On this background, alternative powertrain options are shown and …”

T. Bögel, T. Herlitzius Wann kommen elektrifizierte und sensorgesteuerte Antriebssystemmodule in der Landtechnik? S. 211-222

„… the application area of mobile work machines, this means:  Local freedom from emissions must be …” „… strived for in more and more applications of mobile working machines, this applies in particular in urban …” „… of the optimal energy source and storage (electricity/battery, hydrogen/pressure storage, e …”

A. Kampker, H. H. Heimes, M. Kehrer, S. Dünnwald, S. Hagedorn, S. Biegler Integration and modularization approaches for fuel cell solutions in commercial vehicles S. 171-184

„… . The use of the space between the axles requires the integration of an e-axle. The individ-ual space …” „… für Production Engineering of E-Mobility Components (PEM) der RWTH Aachen Zusammenfassung Die …” „… cases, these vehicles are used for inner-city delivery and transport applications. Rep-resentatives of …”

S. Eichler, C. Guernsey The Wheel Loader of Tomorrow: Proof-of-Concept Vehicle & Learnings from Full-Electric Drivetrain Conversion S. 185-198

„… leveraged our application expertise to pioneer the future of these vehicles and technology through market …” „… electrification in all types of applications, especially mobile machinery. With an extensive portfolio of electric …” „… , subsystem applications, and powertrain architectures. Adding to our expertise in hydraulics and mobile …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024027

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Nutzfahrzeuge 2017 – Commercial Vehicles 2017

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J. Witzig, A. Grossl, M. Wenger E-Mobility for City Bus and Coach Applications – An integrated System Approach from ZF S. 5-12

„… E-Mobility for City Bus and Coach Applications – An integrated System Approach from ZF …” „… driving for medium and heavy bus and truck applications, the electrical portal axle AVE130 and the …” „… potential of the AVE 130 is the easy application of the driving axle in an articulated bus at the middle …”

G. Chen, C. Keller-Ebert, Z. Liu Requirements of Chinese domestic market for introduction of disc brakes for medium and heavy tractor truck axles – Sino German collaboration to enhance the product introduction process into Chinese ... S. 179-196

„… participation of SAIC. YIHE Axle cooperated with Shandong University in the application of new materials …” „… large application of information technology, the rise of e-commerce and the promotion of cost control …” „… tractor truck axles Sino German collaboration to enhance the product introduction process into Chinese …”

M. Dietrich, M. Kohler, F.-D. Speck Electrification in Commercial Vehicles – Megatrends and Solutions – Electric Drives for Light and Medium Commercial Vehicles and TraXon Hybrid for Heavy Duty S. 13-24

„… technology is used as the motor technology. The drive is designed as an axle drive, i.e. it includes the …” „… is also developing under the name eVD3 a modular axle drive platform to support the entire range …” „… is particularly important since other applications can be developed with it above and beyond eVD2 …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-IX

„… Preface 1 E-Mobility J. Witzig, E-Mobility for City Bus and Coach Applications – 5 A. Grossl, An …” „… 20 17 V D I- B er ic ht e 22 98Automotive and Traffic Systems Technology VDI-Berichte 2298 14 …” „… . Moldenhauer, J. Aurich, O. Predelli, A. Meyer K.-E. Yildirim, Monitoring the fresh-air flow rate for …”

G. Nitzsche, S. Wagner, M. Engel Electric Drivelines in Semi-Trailers – TRANSFORMERS: An additional Way to Hybridisation S. 167-178

„… driven axle. The combination of ESU, Inverter and EMG is currently limited VDI-Berichte Nr. 2298 …” „… axle when no torque is requested to reduce drag torque and 2. It is used to bring the trailer in a …” „… standard way with standard controls. Depending on certain conditions, e.g. ESU State of Charge (SoC) and …”

S. Gohl, F. Tenbrock, L. van Rooij, D. Williams, G. Gumpoltsberger ZF Innovation Truck 2016 – Advanced Driver Assistance Systems are increasing safety and usability S. 41-52

„… . Furthermore the technical implementation and the expected benefits and applications are discussed, in …” „… particular the highway application with Highway Driving Assist, Evasive Maneuver Assist and the work yard …” „… application with Safe Range. Motivation for ADAS in commercial vehicles The growing parcel market and …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181022986

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LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2019

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Band 2361 2019

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S. Igl, G. Grommer, M. Auer, K. Grad Power Trains, Electric Drives and Mobile Hydraulics S. 135-144

„… concept of electrified wheel or axle drives. Functional integration of the electrified travel drive (e …” „… operations or in silage. - Wheel and axle load: Various applications lead to various wheel loads in the …” „… Power Trains, Electric Drives and Mobile Hydraulics Multi-axle drives (6WD) in agricultural …”

S. A. Duppong, M. Kuhl, O. Delvaux Production System Optimization with Electrified Powertrain S. 421-426

„… application is partnered with electric 8-wheel drive (e8WD) axles and powered by the new e …” „… eAutoPowr gearbox, however, inherently generates electric power for non-tractive applications, without …” „… ., Soumagne, Belgium Introduction The new John Deere eAutoPowr is a highly reliable infinitely variable …”

J. L‘Heureux Four-Tracked Solution for Large Row Crop Tractors S. 305-310

„… tractor has been the primary machine form for agricultural applications. Economic and demographic …” „… keeping the versatility necessary to meet all job applications. In addition, agronomic studies stress the …” „… importance of application timing as well as minimal disturbance to the soil to optimize yield. As a result …”

S. Liljenberg, M. Frederiksen, T. H. Langer Methods to evaluate steering performance of agricultural tractors S. 29-34

„… design engineers on front axle and steering system design, but also poses a challenge on how to test and …” „… effort (which normally is done subjectively by e.g. NASA-TLX), this paper presents how electrodermal …” „… unit on a 300hp tractor with independent front axle suspension. The new test method with the steering …”

T. Fedde, M. Peeters, R. Stirnimann Soil pressure and pulling behavior of standard and half-track tractor chassis concepts S. 35-46

„… sensor (e.g. by slippage) and impacts as a consequence the soil-characteristic for the following run, it …” „… heavy pulling applications a vertical load was simulated by a rear weight of 2.800 kg, for light pulling …” „… applications by 1.800kg at the rear. The front weight was calculated to reach a 35/65 balance for the wheel …”

T. Herlitzius, H. Fichtl, A. Grosa, M. Henke, M. Hengst Feldschwarm – Modular and Scalable Tillage Systems with Shared Autonomy S. 409-420

„… highly productive environment is to maintain soil fertility. Soil compaction due to high axle loads and …” „… legal limits in physical dimensions and axle weights today, which creates the new requirement to …” „… mutual exclusive paths to cope with axle loads and dimensional limits become visible (Fig. 1 …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIV

„… � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 63 N. Schlingmann, Agricultural Industry Electronics Foundation AEF e.V., Frankfurt; V. Vandecaveye …” „… . Schallermayer, aag (agricultural application group), Frankfurt DataConnect – A solution for Cloud to Cloud data …” „… GmbH & Co. KG, Intelligent Solutions Group, Kaiserslautern; A. Kluge, CLAAS E-Systems GmbH, Dissen …”

T. Rudolph, T. Langer, P. Bolton Overcoming design challenges of electro-hydraulic steering systems – What really happened! S. 489-494

„… steering wheel to e.g. a tractor [5] increases the applications. In the recent years, joystick steering …” „… independent electro-hydraulic steering valve for the rear axle, features like hill drift compensation and …”

M. Sax, R. Latsch, T. Anken, V. Moser, P. Krummenacher Automated site-specific overseeding of grassland S. 165-228

„… Agency. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2361, 2019170 References [1] Buchgraber, K.; Schaumberger, A.; Pötsch, E. M …” „… . Agrarforschung 13 (10), S. 424–429. [4] Haugland, E.; Tawfiq, M. (2001): Root and shoot competition between …” „… Redenius, CLAAS E-Systems GmbH, Dissen; Sven Belau, Daniel Irmer, Rene Middelberg, Sebastian …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023617

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LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2023

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Band 2427 2023

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S. Willems, R. Himmelsbach, S. Igl Electric powertrain solutions for tractors – An introduction to a highly integrated electric axle drive system S. 295-300

„… the second driveline if neither mechanical nor hydraulic power is needed for the application, i.e …” „… Electric powertrain solutions for tractors An introduction to a highly integrated electric axle …” „… fuels will remain valid for agricultural off-highway applications, especially in the higher power range …”

C. Birkmann, C. Schaub, M. Schmotz, N.-K. Rose, S. Walther, P. Guillaume Multi-Dimensional Three-Point-Hitch Control to Optimize Performance, Efficiency and Working Quality of Tractor Implement Combinations S. 181-190

„… perform various agricultural work applications, in combination with an implement. The continuous …” „… development of interfaces and their capabilities, e.g. to pull and lift implements as well as to provide the …” „… control. This control strategy adjusts the height of the lower links, e.g. when using soil-cultivation …”

C. Mayer, T. Eberhart, K. Huber, J. Karner Fuel cell electric tractor powered with biogenic hydrogen – Vehicle design and architecture S. 57-62

„… from the e-Drive gearbox drives a shaft connected to the front PTO. The front axle with four-wheel …” „… design includes a compressed hydrogen storage system (CHSS), a fuel cell, an electric drive (e-Drive) as …” „… risks and costs. The CVT-driveline is driven by the e-Drive with 95 kW continuous output power. The …”

M. Hengst, T. Herlitzius, H. Fichtl, I. Mai, K. Ludwig Field Tests with the Modular and Scalable Tillage Systems Feldschwarm S. 555-XXII

„… control systems (e.g. the drive or the path planning system), to determine the performance limits of the …” „… self-propelled machine (e.g. the work speed or the work depth) and to work with a highly automated swarm system …” „… comparable with standard tractor-implement applications. Introduction and the Machine System Feldschwarm …”

C. Korn, T. Herlitzius, K. Lüpping, A. Afting Study on the use of DEM for the optimization of pelleting rollers S. 403-412

„… ] M. Marigo, E.H. Stitt: Discrete Element Method (DEM) for Industrial Applications: Comments on …” „… energy input to energy output) - High pellet quality (e.g. robust to different harvesting conditions and …” „… about the basics of agglomeration is available in literature, e.g. [2]. As a rough conclusion, the …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XX

„… Paulo, BrazilRobot Operating System ROS 2 in safety critical agricultural robot applications 219E …” „… Vortragenden bzw. Autoren wieder. Printed in Germany.ISSN 0083-5560ISBN 978-3-18-092427-4 · E …” „… Bologna, Bologna, ItalyPerformance optimization of CVT standard tractors in front loading application 21C …”

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ELIV 2023

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Band 2423 2023

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N. Pfullmann Electrified commercial vehicle trailers – how to turn a conventional trailer into a hybrid vehicle S. 703-710

„… WorX system in a tipper application use case [5]. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2423, 2023706 e-Axle control and …” „… etc. and third an adapted suspension for the mechanical integration of the ZF e-Axle. The latter is …” „… based on ZF’s axle program for trucks and bus applications and specifically adapted for usage on a …”

J. Hansson, L. Henderson, M. Sadeghi Kati, D. Möller, S. Ray, S. Schoutissen Safe and efficient regenerative braking strategies for BEV heavy vehicle combinations S. 91-102

„… service brake system configured to distribute the braking force proportional to the axle load, i.e., on …” „… electric machine. It is common to have the tractor configured with propulsion on the rear axle group, and …” „… all axles. When maximizing the electric braking, the rear axle group takes a higher proportion of the …”

P. Fietkau, L. Diebolder Challenges in the Synchronous Development of Software, Hardware and Mechanics for Drive Systems S. 559-572

„… customer's exact application profile, i.e. the speed distribution, the distribution of route shares …” „… components, i.e. parts, and jumps directly from the vehicle level to the component level. In the future, this …” „… there may be no tests without an assigned requirement. System release is also cascaded, i.e. a system …”

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