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PIAE EUROPE 2025

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2446 2025

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S. Englich, A. Chaloupka, N. Rudolph Reliable component quality despite PCR recycled materials S. 395-404

„… cycle based on process data (e.g., injection pressure, cavity pressure) such as switching points and …” „… injection molding tool is equipped with pressure sensors and temperature sensors (integrated in the DEA …” „… - crystallineThermoplastCompressionIsobaric coolingIsochoric coolingCooling at ambient pressureTemperatureSpecific volumes V* Isobaric …”

J. Houben, A. Sanap, Beyond Materials Corp, Tokyo, Japan From ideation to validation – Low-pressure overmolding in ADAS cameras S. 261-270

„… high-flowability materials applied at low injection pressures. This paper explores the application of Toyobo MC …” „… : injection molding, low-pressure overmolding and potting. Each method offers distinct advantages and …” „… encapsulation methods • Injection molding operates at very high pressures (typically ranging from 300 to 2,000 …”

B. Trinkwalter, S. Ostwald Sustainable Innovation – Achieving Net Zero with Function-Oriented Plastic Design, Tool Design, and Process Management S. 337-346

„… ensure adequate filling. Warpage and maximum injection pressure should be monitored through an …” „… eye on warpage and maximum injection pressure through an interactive simulation process. By …” „… , sensible material usage, or efficient tool and injection molding technologies can be determined throughout …”

S. Harter, C. Bouvatier, S. Schoell Porsche adaptive front diffuser – from racetrack to street S. 139-156

„… to a significant increase in pressure in the underbody area and thus Fig. 13: Flap in HDF position …” „… aerodynamic and thermal performance. Optimization of rigidity The high negative pressures on the underbody …” „… : Pressure distribution As a reminder, we find the pressure distribution on the underbody. From this …”

A. Ballesteros Agudo, G. Grestenberger Expanded polypropylene beads done by foam extrusion for automotive applications – Revolutionizing the ePP market in automotive applications S. 67-76

„… injection molding, after undergoing additional steps like could be steam chest molding, all while retaining …” „… injected directly into the extruder through an injection valve. The extruder is equipped with heating …” „… before entering the diverter valve. The gear pump ensures a steady flow and pressure of the melt, which …”

A. Falke Method for determining the cost impact of tolerances on plastic components – How much does accuracy cost? How much does precision cost in the injection-molding process? S. 575-596

„… cost? How much does precision cost in the injection-molding process? A. Falke, M.Sc. RWTH, M.Sc., PhD …” „… specifications for technical plastic components (technical drawings) produced by injection molding, the degree of …” „… injection-molding process. In addition, plastic-specific material properties (e.g. flexibility, shrinkage) are often …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XI

„… Kunststoffe GmbH, Breitungen/WerraTPE compound utilizing core-back foam injection molding for automotive …” „… , LG Chem, FrankfurtFrom ideation to validation – Low-pressure overmolding in ADAS cameras 261J. Houben …” „… Supplier Role in Boosting PCR Integration in Automotive Injection-Molded Products for a Circular Economy …”

A. Lambrecht, L. Malfatti New Bonding Technology Opens New Technical Opportunities for Hybrid Power Electronics S. 459-472

„… , including overmolding, insert molding, and multi-material injection molding. By embedding metal parts within …” „… injection mold) and long shelf life (up to 3 years). VDI-Berichte Nr. 2446, 2025462This new bonding …” „… ZytelBond process, the team injection molded a test cube that would represent a typical polyamide component …”

W. Dorfner, F. Fischer, W. Meschitz, C. Metzker Recyclate use in the painted radiator grilles of the Audi A3 with implementation of a „post-industrial closed-loop“ approach S. 525-542

„… recyclate-containing material and the associated better holding-pressure effect in the injection-molding process …” „… further processing. Injection-molding production of painted, recyclate-containing radiator grilles takes …” „… mixtures was investigated using the alternative method of the flow spiral. Here, in an injection …”

D. Spancken, J. Decker, E. Metzsch-Zilligen A contribution to sustainable development – the use of recyclates in highly loaded applications S. 361-372

„… . Plastics can be processed extremely economically and with a high degree of reproducibility using injection …” „… moulding. Injection moulding also allows complex geometric shapes to be created, which increases geometric …” „… , pressure or cooling water for various conversion processes [1]. Thus, depending on the type of plastic, two …”

F. Tautenhain, R. Rinberg Process combinations for the production of sustainable load-appropriate molded parts S. 209-218

„… industrial series processes but also further processing in combined processes (e.g. back-injection with …” „… products under defined pressure and temperature in the compression-molding process has a significant …” „… loaded with a pressure stamp at predefined points. For comparison, the force to VDI-Berichte Nr. 2446 …”

M. Schneebauer Future Sustainable Car Materials – A Contribution to a Sustainable Circular Economy for Plastics in Automotive Engineering S. 1-10

„… studies in injection molding and painting. Through mutual support of the FSCM partners with their …” „… qualification of the materials, a special injection molding tool was built in the project to achieve …” „… materials (see Figure 1). Figure 1: Article from the injection molding tool manufactured in the FSCM …”

E. Moritzer, P. Brandes, L. Claes, B. Henning Ultrasound based measurement of mechanical properties of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastic laminates – A non-destructive method to identify changes in fiber matrix adhesion S. 347-360

„… temperatures and pressures are required for the production of continuous fiber reinforced thermoplastics …” „… alternatingly stacked between five layers of polymer film. Heat and pressure are then applied to the mold to …” „… because it simultaneously applies tension and pressure to the specimen. A water jet is used to cut out the …”

K. Schmidt Implications of increasingly diverse markets & customer requests on a globally active automotive tier 1 S. 561-574

„… structure of the components (classic injection molding, NFPP partially injected, plywood structures, etc …” „… others) changing customer preferences, new technological advances & competitive pressure. Considering the …”

H. Meyer, M. Kaya, T. Taddigs Automation – a pillar of the sustainable, high-quality interior S. 109-122

„… , including grained injection-molded and painted components, to illustrate the challenges and potential of …” „… it can be held on the test surface by means of negative pressure. For removing dust a compressed air …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024461

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Commercial Vehicles 2021

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2380 2021

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

S. Baker, S. Munshi, J. Huang High performance and efficiency hydrogen engine using westport fuel systems’ Commercially available HPDI fuel system S. 97-116

„… reduced wall heat loss. Secondly, at a given fuel injection pressure-to-cylinder pressure ratio, hydrogen …” „… (using low pressure port fuel injection with spark ignition) and for non-premixed engines (using low …” „… pressure dual fuel combustion or high pressure direct injection with pilot ignition). Hence it is …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023808

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40. Internationales Wiener Motorensymposium 15.-17. Mai 2019

Bernhard Geringer (Hrsg.), Hans-Peter Lenz (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Band 811 2019

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

M. S. Choi, Y. H. Kwak, D. Roth, D. Jakiela, J. Song Untersuchung von Technologien zur Verbesserung der Kraftstoffeffizienz bei Turbo GDI Engine: CDA, Miller-Zyklus mit Ventilereignis, Wassereinspritzung, ND-AGR und hohem Kompressionsverhaltnis /Investi... S. II-300-II-314

„… aftermarket water-injection system, tank and pressure-controller. The valve train features a prototype Cam …” „… intake valve closing (LIVC), low pressure loop cooled EGR (LPL EGR), port water injection (PWI), and …” „… Turbocharged GDI engine: Miller-Cycle Late Intake Valve Closing (LIVC) Cooled Low Pressure Loop Exhaust …”

T. Tabata, H. Shibata, H. Katsurahara, Y. Konishi Weiterentwicklung eines flexiblen Motorsteuerungssystems für Benzinmotoren unter Berücksichtigung zukunftiger Elektrifizierung /Evolution of Versatile Gasoline ICE Core System, Considering Future Elec... S. II-266-II-286

„… of operation is needed. It requires the fuel injection system to use the fuel pressure energy not …” „… production. DENSO has worked on not only the increased fuel injection pressure but also various types of …” „… driving energy efficiency A higher potential spray will need a higher injection pressure. Higher …”

K. Philibert-Palmer, C. Dicken, D. Mumford, M. Harper Das innovative Erdgaseinspritzsystem Westport HPDI 2.0 - C02-Einsparungen bei schweren Nutzfahrzeugen mit Flussigerdgas als Kraftstoff /The Innovative Westport HPDI 2.0 Natural Gas Injection System - ... S. II-248-II-265

„… Westport High Pressure Direct Injection (HPDI) 2.0 natural gas fuel injection system is in the field today …” „… process relies on a late-cycle high pressure injection of natural gas directly into the combustion …” „… paper "Progress in the Development of Natural Gas High Pressure Direct Injection for EuroVI Heavy Duty …”

R. Osborne, A. Lane, N. Turner, L. McWilliam, N. Hinton, M. McAllister, J. Geddes, J. Gidney, J. Cleeton, P. Atkins, R. Morgan Ein Mager-Benzinmotor der neuen Generation für reduzierte CCfe-Emissionen in einer elektrifizierten Welt /A New-Generation Lean Gasoline Engine for Reduced CO2 in an Electrified World S. I-85-I-107

„… injection pressures, and a variable geometry turbocharger with high boost pressure capability in the lower …” „… FIE Fuel Injection Equipment GPF Gasoline Particle Filter IMEP Indicated Mean Effective Pressure …” „… . A 2.0 litre turbocharged direct-injection gasoline engine has been developed, with a leanhomogeneous …”

V. Verdino, P. Lavazza, D. Rampone, L. Garzarella, A. Mogavero, A. Vassallo, J. Barta, J. Catalogna, S. Franco, C. Marlett, M. Umierski Der neue General Motors 3,0 Liter Duramax Diesel-Sechszylinderreihenmotor für die 2019er Modelle des Chevrolet Silverado und des GMC Sierra /The New General Motors 3.0 Liter Duramax Diesel Inline 6-Cy... S. II-208-II-247

„… ) Fuel injection system (nozzle geometry, injection pressure) The optimization of these parameters in …” „… specific power achievement. For example, the maximum fuel injection pressure allows decreasing nozzle flow …” „… maximum fuel injection pressure, a nozzle flow number of 380 cc / 30 s was selected, with a 9-hole nozzle …”

H. Won, A. Bouet, V. Manente, J. Kermani, F. Duffour Potenzial der GCI Technologie - Ein Benzin-Kraftstoff mit hoherer Selbstzündung zur Reduzierung des C02-Fusabdrucks /eines Euro 6d-konformen Personenkraftwagens (PKW) Potential of GCI Technology - Hig... S. II-176-II-191

„… of fuel [mm3] as a function of the injector pulse width [ s] and the injection pressure [MPa] for …” „… ) (c) Figure 4 (a)Injected energy quantity versus energizing duration and injection pressure, (b …” „… pressure 160 MPa, and (c) vapor penetration versus time, and for various injection pressures, air density …”

D. Choi, Y.-S. Kang, l.-C. Cheong, Y.-R. Chung, J.-K. Lee, J. Chun Der neue Hyundai-Kia 2.2L Vierzylinder Dieselmotor - Smartstream D2.2 FR/The New Hyundai-Kia 2.2L 4-Cylinder Diesel Engine - Smartstream D2.2 FR S. II-26-II-48

„… Equipment D2.2 FR uses Bosch common-rail system with a maximum injection pressure of 2200 bar …” „… exhaust gas emissions. First, 2200 bar high pressure fuel injection system with high hydraulic flow …” „… Electrically controlled thermostat Solenoid Injector with 2,200 bar system pressure Parameter unit D …”

W. F. Piock, G. Hoffmann, J. G. Spakowski, G. Dober, B. Gomot, H. Hulser Das neue GDi-System von Delphi Technologies - verbesserte Emissionen und Effizienz mit hoherem Druck /Delphi Technologies Next Generation GDi-System - Improved Emissions and Efficiency with Higher Pre... S. I-150-I-171

„… e a r Injection Pressure [bar] Sac Geometry Edge Condition Length/Diameter Flow Hole Taper …” „… ] Injection Pressure [bar] Reference Nozzle Optimised Nozzle 10hr, 2500rpm, 6.86bar IMEP Nozzle Geometry …” „… Delphi Technologies Next Generation GDi-System improved Emissions and Efficiency with higher Pressure …”

M. Alt, N. Fuhrmann, O. Bopple, L. Cloos, P. Souhaite Elektrifizierte Verbrennungsmotoren fur Volumenhersteller/The Road to Mainstream Availability of Electrified Combustion Engines S. I-131-I-149

„… injection (MPFI) and one advanced engine incorporating direct injection, cooled external high pressure EGR …” „… injection gasoline engines with advanced combustion systems like Miller and appropriate turbocharging …” „… engine architectures feature turbocharging plus gasoline direct injection to ensure high thermal …”

B. Lehman, K. Luchansky, C. Mariott, S. Shin Der neue 2.7L Turbomotor von General Motors/The New 2.7L Turbo Engine from General Motors S. I-108-I-130

„… – High Pressure Direct Injection IAM- Intake Air Module IEM- Integrated Exhaust Manifold LCE- Lower …” „… jets is accomplished with the fully variable oil pump by controlling pressure to overcome relief valves …” „… rod were iterated using Finite Element Analysis (FEA) with predicted cylinder pressures as an input …”

J. Scharf, B. Franzke, P. Adomeit, M. Thewes, A. Balazs, T. Uhlmann, H. Baumgarten, C. Muller 200 kW/L bei Lambda = 1/200 kW/L at Lambda =1 S. II-315-II-342

„… e m a x , m a x / b a r 100 120 140 160 180 200 pressure limit 5 0 / d e g C A a T D C …” „… Brake Mean Effective Pressure (Deu: effektiver Mitteldruck) Cat. Catalyst (Deu: Katalysator) cEGR …” „… Direct Injection (Deu: Direkteinspritzung) EDU Electric Drive Unit (Deu: elektrische Antriebseinheit …”

T. Reuss, N. Ardey, M. Schober, M. Deblaize, J. Helbig, A. Wetzel Der neue AUDI 3.0I V6-TDI Gen.3 mit elektrisch angetriebenem Verdichter (EAV)/The New Generation of the Audi 3.01 V6 TDI Gen.3 Engine with Electric Compressor S. II-49-II-83

„… , an injection pressure of up to 2,500 bar and optimisation of the combustion process are key factors …” „… in + ( * & ( ** & &> & ( ?-pressure (LP) and highpressure …”

T. Tingelof, J. Dombrovskis, K. Samuelsson, L. Jorissen Weltweit fuhrende Brennstoffzellen-Stapeltechnologie mit europaischer Lieferantenbasis /World Leading Fuel Cell Stack Hardware with a European Supplier Base S. II-449-II-478

„… , screen printing, different roll-to-roll processes, injection molding and casting. While these processes …” „… cells to deviate to much in temperature. The insulation plates are injection molded using with a …” „… factors that might affect the cell pressure. The other end of the springs are in contact with the lower …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186811127

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PIAE EUROPE

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

2020

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

M. Walcher New solutions for e-mobility: thermally conductive thermoset plastics S. 133-140

„… with increasing thermal conductivity and the injection pressure or cavity pressure required for …” „… not demand higher thermal conductivities. 3. Low-pressure processing: injection molding or transfer …” „… when a particularly large or extremely pressure-sensitive electrical or electronic components are …”

J. De Boever, G. Spingler Crash simulation of the new TNGA intake manifold in glass-fiber-reinforced polyamide S. 43-60

„… the severe strength requirements (vehicle crash and burst pressure). Toyota is committed to moving …” „… strength-to-weight ratio intake manifold which has no contact with the low pressure fuel system during vehicle crash …” „… design while also fulfilling the severe strength requirements (vehicle crash and burst pressure). For …”

S. Bürger, T. Voigt, A. Kaplangiray Haptic structures of interior decorative bezels in the new Ford Puma utilizing the three-dimensional overlay method (TOM) S. 281-294

„… film are offset by comparatively small investments, since injection molds can be taken over from the …” „… , transparent surfaces are decorative bezels in 2-component injection molding, such as those used in the Ford …” „… comparatively small investments, since injection molds can be taken over from the Ford Fiesta and the device …”

A. Tiwari, D. Brands, D. Pelletier, C. Pereira Thermoplastics in electric-vehicle battery applications – A lightweight and efficient EV battery concept S. 349-364

„… pan. The top cover provides the stiffness for adequate pressure sealing against water ingress. The …” „… compression molding or thermoforming. No injection-molded solutions have been found. Fig. 2: Top-cover …” „… design should ensure efficient performance by constraining the cells to maintain optimal contact pressure …”

T. Stier, N. Lammert, C. Heinz, N. Unger Additive manufacturing based on screw extrusion: machines, material and applications in the automotive industry S. 181-196

„… potential to be economically competitive compared to the injection-molding process for small and medium part …” „… series-production-qualified injection-molding granules and an automated 6-axis robot system, the SEAM process is able to …” „… comparison with an injection-molding production is in the foreground. 2.1 Increase in economic efficiency …”

J. Horn, B. Schulze, R. Kolmorgen Highly integrative smart plastic shift fork S. 223-234

„… . The shift fork and the associated plastic injection mold were designed in collaboration with GK …” „… reinforced with a highly rigid insert. The production of the shift fork by thermoplastic injection molding …” „… (Fig. 1). For a conventional aluminum shift fork, this initially involves deflashing the injection …”

325 Group Renault Plastic Material Vision for New Mobility Trends S. 311-332

„… visible parts. It is aimed to obtain 20% - 30% decrease in mass by this 3 steps injection process …” „… , covering and/or bi-injection process must be achieved. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2369, 2020312 There are …” „… pressure and the supply of heat. The excess resin is fed into a resin cavity integrated in the mold and …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023693

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Plastics in Automotive Engineering 2016

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 4343 2016

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

U. A. Karsch Plastic fuel tank systems, energy carriers for future vehicle concepts S. 297-314

„… described in more detail below. Why do special pressure-stability requirements apply to hybrid vehicles …” „… pressure-tank development is to avoid the permissible tank-wall deformations or to reduce them to a minimum …” „… containers, are nowadays produced with high functional integration by injection molding. Almost all diesel …”

E. Glas, L. Greve, O. Steiln, J. Čopík, R. Flögel Simulation of plastics in crash conditions at Volkswagen – Requirements relating to safety-relevant plastic components S. 119-130

„… compressible plasticity model with a pressure-dependent flow rule. An isotropy of the mechanical properties …” „… resulting from the injection process is equally visible. A first material model for implementing these …” „… strength properties in plastic components. Plastics produced by injection molding are heterogeneous and …”

R. Vaculik Sensor technology for interconnected injection-molding production: a prerequisite for Industry 4.0 S. 289-296

„… technology Process monitoring of the injection-molding process on the basis of cavity pressure and …” „… aid of cavity pressure technology in injection molding, not only the individual cycle can be reliably …” „… Sensor technology for interconnected injection-molding production: a prerequisite for Industry 4.0 …”

M. Kurz 3D simulation for lightweight construction in the plastics processing industry S. 17-28

„… in recent years. Injection stands at the center of the RTM process. Since the most varied materials …” „… and the most diverse injection strategies are used, the problems are also of a multifarious nature …” „… ), temperatures, pressures and many more besides can be input into the FEM simulation via the corresponding …”

J. J. Laux, L. Vanin, S. Grgac, G. Schalte Injection-Molded Carbon-Fiber Grille Opening Reinforcement – Development and production of the 2016 Ford Mustang Shelby GT350 GOR S. 93-104

„… Injection-Molded Carbon-Fiber Grille Opening Reinforcement Development and production of the …” „… injection-molded carbon-fiber composite grille opening reinforcement (GOR) for the 2016 Ford Shelby GT350 Mustang …” „… 350 with a cutting-edge injection-molded carbon-fiber composite grille opening and optional …”

T. Rösch, U. Remmele New development of SCR-tank systems: materials, functions, processes S. 159-164

„… reducing the emissions of internal combustion engines, and diesel engines in particular, injection …” „… of injection-molding technology 4. Manufacturing process Fig. 7: Process steps in tank …” „… Fig. 8: Injection-molded tank system 5. Testing and validation - Validation of processes o …”

S. Rübsamen, N. Elbs, H. Häberle CFRP air spring carrier for buses Feasibility study S. 329-336

„… by means of an automated production process consisting of braiding and resin injection in the RTM …” „… fibrous semi-finished products (preforms). The RTM system used consists of an injection system and a …” „… pressure. An even distribution of resin is important here if air entrapments are to be avoided and …”

B. Pfeiffer, S. Tönnies Local reinforcement in series production – Local reinforcement in series production S. 239-246

„… has been the market and technology leader with its Celstran® LFT long-fiber injection …” „… fiber weight content of 60-70 wt.-%. In long-fiber injection molding with a polypropylene matrix of …” „… spools and also as ready-to-use tape inserts. Fig. 2: Celstran® tape secured in the injection …”

M. Franzen, O. Ghouati Consideration of local thicknesses within finite element simulation of injection molded thermoplastics S. 279-288

„… Consideration of local thicknesses within finite element simulation of injection molded …” „… the increased requirements within the context of shorter cycle times and rising cost pressure, the …” „… thickness, this information must be available as well. In injection-molded thermoplastic parts, however …”

H. Gawinski, E. Neitzel, D. Bauch Potential for weight reduction in commercial vehicles – Air springs with pistons made of glass-fiber- reinforced plastic S. 337-344

„… internal volume of the piston. The interior of the piston is here at all times under a pressure equal to …” „… the internal pressure of the air springs. The stresses on the component resulting from the different …” „… strength calculation As a rule pistons without exploitation of the piston volume are produced by injection …”

I. Kleba, J. Emig Innovative PUR surfaces – self-healing and more S. 29-44

„… with injection molding. For components in the piano-black look this last offers an interesting …” „… over a prefabricated carrier component (such as wood trim parts) or in an integrated injection …” „… yellowing, machine shutdown possible – Improved flow properties / lower pressure less scrap » Pumpable …”

J. Soares, A. Misala First plastic oil-pan module in the 911 Carrera: lightweight design and system integration S. 165-180

„… . Special aspects of production Comparison of the plastic injection-molding process and the aluminum …” „… pressure die-casting process from the economic point of view must take four main factors into account: the …” „… least secondary finishing costs. 171 The advantages of plastic injection-molding production are …”

H. Schmidhuber Perspectives in automotive polymer glazing – Polycarbonate makes use in side and rear windows possible S. 67-82

„… injection-compression molding process to produce large-area components. For components of this kind the disadvantage of …” „… classical injection molding, of which this process is a special variant, is that they are permeated by …” „… . Webasto's injection-compression molding process on the other hand provides largely stress-free components …”

R. Mielke, P. Dierks Challenging surfaces and lightweight construction in the instrument panel of the new Volkswagen Tiguan S. 5-16

„… areas, warp-free injection molding is the special challenge. This calls for a needs-oriented design of …” „… the plastic melt during the injection-molding process. Alongside weight reduction, this method offers …” „… advantages since it is possible to dispense with the classic holding pressure. This gives the component a …”

E. Meurer, M. Hanigk Thermoplastic crash-absorbing elements made from PC/PBT (Makroblend®) as part of the sideprotection concept of the BMW i3 S. 225-238

„… injection-molding simulation onto a structural mechanical model The molding pressures could then be determined …” „… the consequences for the injection-molding operation. The good and close collaboration between BMW …” „… pressure distribution. Great importance was therefore attached to the filling simulation, whose …”

O. Täger, F. Häusler, J. Lohmann, N. Modler, T. Weber New manufacturing technology for material-hybrid lightweight solutions: an FRP-metal hybrid floor structure S. 247-258

„… 10). Firstly, the hollow structures must be supported to withstand the molding pressure and cannot …” „… comparison with the structurally analogous injection-molding process although drawbacks have to be accepted …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783182443438

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28. Deutscher Flammentag

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2302 2017

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

M. Zhao, S. A. Kaiser Bildgebende Erfassung von Diesel-Klopfen durch Hochgeschwindigkeitskamera und „Optical Flow“ S. 369-382

„… (IMEP) 7.25 bar Intake air temperature / pressure 20 °C / 1 bar Fuel Dodecane Injection quantity 25 …” „… mg Start of injection -6.5°CA Injection pressure 800 bar VDI-Berichte Nr. 2302, 2017 371 Fig …” „… injection caused much of combustion to occur premixed with a steep pressure rise. This pressure rise has …”

C.-P. Ding, A. Renaud, R. Honza, A. Dreizler, B. Böhm Characterization of near-wall flows in a SI engine using high-speed PIV and high-resolution PI S. 345-356

„… piston surface of an IC engine is studied for two engine speeds and two intake pressures. It is shown …” „… The engine under investigation is a single cylinder direct injection spark ignition (DISI) engine …” „… temperature 22 / 60°C Four operating conditions were studied. The intake pressure was changed between 0.95 …”

H.-P. Vietze Infrared Temperature Measurement of Flames for varying Combustion Conditions S. 421-430

„… sighting distance depends on wavelength, gas concentration, pressure and temperature. To get reliable …” „… of the measured gas species • Pressure • Path length Fig. 1: Influence of path length on the …” „… depends on the following parameter: • CO2-concentration • Pressure • Temperature • Wavelength Since …”

M. Koegl, B. Hofbeck, S. Will, L. Zigan Untersuchung der Rußbildung und Rußoxidation für Ethanol - Benzingemische in einem Transparentmotor S. 357-368

„… , "Soot in diesel fuel jets: effects of ambient temperature, ambient density, and injection pressure …” „… Spraybildung und der Verbrennungsvorgang moderner direkteinspritzender Benzinmotoren (DISI – Direct Injection …” „… Emission Requirements in Homogeneous Gasoline Direct Injection Engines," SAE Int. J. Engines, 4(1), pp …”

M. Dohrn, M. Müller Auswirkungen lastflexibler Fahrweise auf Ascheansätze bei der Kohlenstaubfeuerung S. 185-198

„… Bestimmung der thermischen Leitfähigkeit [9], das Pressure- Drop-Verfahren [9], die Bestimmung des …” „… fouling due to limestone injection in coal-fired boilers," Journal of the Institute of Energy, vol. 64, p …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023020

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Model-Based Control of a Turbocharged Diesel Engine with High- and Low-Pressure Exhaust Gas

Matthias Patrick Alexander Mrosek

Reihe: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Band 803 2017

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Engine Configuration and Modelling S. 8-11

„… combustion process by manipulating its pressure, temperature, air content and swirl. After an emission …” „… pressure drop and is simulated via the loading factor kaf. An intake throttle valve is part of the low …” „… pressure exhaust gas recirculation and lowers the intake pressure, to allow more exhaust gas via the LP-EGR …”

Optimisation of the Reference Values for the Air Path Control S. 86-101

„… variables are HP-EGR-valve and start of the injection. The charge-air pressure is controlled independently …” „… engine work during the driving cycle increases at constant injection quantity for more than 5%. 6.2 …” „… the NOx emissions are controlled by proportionally manipulating the start of the injection …”

Emission and Combustion Models S. 61-85

„… uinj, start of main injection 'mi, pressure on the common rail injection system prail and crank angle …” „… position, the injection pressure and the start of the injection. A similar approach based upon LOLIMOT …” „… torque, start of the main injection, MFB50 and mean indicated pressure. Based upon the validation quality …”

Introduction S. 1-7

„… , variable valve timings, high-pressure fuel injection, injection patterns with up to eight injections for …” „… high and low-pressure exhaust gas recirculation. This chapter will give an introduction and will …” „… catalytic reduction with urea injection. A main purpose of engine internal provisions is to positively …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XX

„… egr pressure in the LP-EGR pipe Pa or bar prail pressure in the common rail injection system bar Pc …” „… Low-Pressure Exhaust Gas Recirculation Berichte aus dem Institut für Automatisierungstechnik und Mechatronik …” „… der TU Darmstadt Model-Based Control of a Turbocharged Diesel Engine with High- and Low-Pressure …”

Air Path Control Design and Dynamical Reference Value Generation S. 102-167

„… VGT-actuator with a decreasing charge-air pressure occurs mainly during a load drop, when the injection …” „… simultaneous step in injection quantity, HP-EGR and charge-air pressure at neng D 2250min 1) increased demand …” „… gain scheduled charge-air pressure control with stationary feedforward control. A further mapbased …”

System Properties of the Air Path with HP- and LP-EGR S. 34-60

„… control problem the major air path dynamics can be described by interaction of the fast pressure dynamics …” „… relationships from the process states. Note, that the fast pressure dynamics of p2i and p3 4.1 Air Path System …” „… be misunderstood as the slow charge air pressure build-up, which is caused by superposition with the …”

Appendix S. 172-189

„… drive the engine independently from the injection quantity at a desired speed and it generates the …” „… mainly used for data acquisition, to modify the injection parameters and to execute a cylinder-individual …” „… quantities like the mean indicated pressure and the location of mass fraction burned 50%. Furthermore, a …”

Conclusions S. 168-171

„… injection characteristics. Most of the resulting dynamics result from the air path dynamics in the cylinder …” „… charge-air pressure follows delayed by the turbocharger dynamics. This yields different trajectories in the …” „… control the HP-EGR 170 8 Conclusions mass flow rate and the charge-air pressure. Changing engine operation …”

Semi-Physical Mean Value Engine Model S. 12-33

„… mean value during the engine working cycle. Consequently, pressure and flow pulsations in the intake …” „… in-cylinder measures like the in-cylinder pressure. Also the influences of the charge cycle, like the pressure …” „… the model outputs pressure pst and temperature Tst follow by algebraic equations from the model states …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186803122

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International Conference on Gears 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2422 2023

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

C. Herzog, D. Drummer Influence of the injection molding process on the tooth deflection of plastic gears during operation S. 1435-1448

„… and 100 °C Injection/ Packing/ Cooling/ Cycle time 1.5 s/ 6 s/ 20 s/ 35 s Packing pressure 700 bars In …” „… elastic tooth deflection leads to high stress peaks with unfavorable flank pressure-velocity combinations …” „… Influence of the injection molding process on the tooth deflection of plastic gears during …”

U. Cihak-Bayr, T. Wopelka, C. Wintersteiger Effect of LOL conditions under high velocity and high injection temperatures S. 763-778

„… tests, was equipped with a heatable lubricant circuit and high-pressure injection nozzle. In the current …” „… lubricant injection temperature, normal pressure, entrainment velocity as well as slide-to-roll ratio are …” „… significantly lower asperity pressure at high entrainment velocities. Low injection temperatures had a similar …”

B. Devaux, C. Hamon, S. Montani Evaluation of specialty polymer performances in gear applications and the bias between modeling and testing approaches S. 1515-1532

„… …) and to compute maximal injection pressure, time to freeze the gate, volumetric shrinkage or warpage …” „… final dimensions of a gear after the injection molding process. The potential discrepancy on the …” „… prediction of the molded gear geometry is then related to the computation of the final contact pressure and …”

B. van Wissen, L. Pastukhov, F. Mitsuzuka, K. Iwanaga, A. Hasanovic NVH performance of thermoplastic gears: modelling and measuring S. 1389-1402

„… metal gears. This is a result of increased contact ratio’s (under load) and lower hertzian pressures …” „… (pitch VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 20231390error) and in tooth shape profile variations. Injection molded …” „… effects in combination with injection locations, resulting in non-uniform shrinkage. Despite the fact that …”

P. E. Schnetzer, J. Pellkofer, K. Stahl Calculation method for wear of steel-bronze rolling-sliding contacts relating to worm gears S. 907-926

„… N Normal-load W - Load parameter G - Material parameter W - Pressure factor h μm Minimum film …” „… thickness W - Lubricant structure factor J - Wear intensity m /N Pressure viscosity factor K - Lubricant …” „… parameter °C Bulk temperature m mg Total material loss - Poisson ratio p N/m Pressure in contact area m /s …”

D. Gallagher, E. Wiita, R. Weidig Improved Method for Validation of Root Stress in Polymer Gears S. 1333-1350

„… stress calculation standards and the use of mechanical testing of representative injection moulded …” „… conventional hobbing or shaping, the majority are manufactured by injection moulding, a process which allows …” „… considerably more design freedom than conventional generative manufacture. Injection mould tools are usually …”

P. Michel New generation in plastic gear technologies S. 1461-1468

„… almost complete reduction of blowholes due to the hot runner injection with less pressure loss cause of …” „… manufacturing plastic gears is the injection molding with cold runner technology with 3 or more injection points …” „… technology with just one injection point. This technology eliminates the disadvantages of cold runner …”

D. Zorko, N. Vukašinović, B. Černe The effect of gear manufacturing quality on the mechanical and thermal state of a plastic gear S. 1319-1332

„… for injection molded plastic gears. This study aims to investigate the effect of gear manufacturing …” „… usually made by injection molding. Shrinkage and warpage during cooling of the material must be considered …” „… effects of processing parameters [7] and tool design on the geometric quality of injection molded gears …”

K. Yanagisawa, K. Kamoshida, A. Domon Prediction of Gear Fatigue Life Considering Glass Fiber Orientation S. 1351-1360

„… life is evaluated by comparing the S-N curve of the specimen taken by injection molded specimen with …” „… width Pressure angleMetal gear(Driving) 0.8 17 8.00 20Plastic gear(Driven) 0.8 22 5.99 20The fatigue …” „… injection molded specimen and comparison with gear fatigue lifeA commonly used method for measuring S-N data …”

B. Morhard, T. Lohner, K. Stahl Influence of Surface and Material Technologies on Loss of Lubrication Performance of Gears S. 779-784

„… and oil pressure loss, (ii) windmilling with the engine and oil pump shut down despite the fan is …” „… injection-lubricated with AeroShell Turbine Oil 500. The slave gearbox is continuously injection lubricated with …” „… mineral oil FVA3A. For LOL investigations, the injection lubrication of the test gearbox is shut off. As …”

J. Vorgerd, P. Tenberge, M. Steinrötter Scuffing load carrying capacity of high-speed gears with an isotropic superfinished surface S. 227-242

„… Normal pressure angle n ° 22.5 20.0 Helix angle β ° 5 5 Profile shift coefficient x1 / x2 - 0.2000 …” „… of dip lubrication, a temperature-controlled oil injection was used. For constant speed and oil …” „… according to MIL-PRF-23699. The speed condition and the oil injection temperature were varied. 3.2 …”

F. Concli, M. N. Mastrone Latest advancements in the lubrication simulations of geared systems: a technology ready for industrial applications S. 499-518

„… condition (dip lubrication, oil injection, spray etc.). Moreover, with the ”green tribology”, targeted to …” „… lubrication, while windage has an impact only when gears strongly interact with air (e.g. injection …” „… in the mating region and the related pressure gradients. The first studies on this topic date back to …”

J. Cathelin Plastic Gears: Investigation on Noise and NVH Behavior S. 1449-1460

„… , 20231450a. Gear geometry definition Gears were produced by injection molding in a single cavity injection …” „… molding tool. A single injection gate in the middle of the gear is used to achieve a balanced filling …” „… coefficient x2 / -0.259 Pressure angle αn ° 20 Fig. 2: Molded gears made of the selected LNP …”

U. Kissling Impact of manufacturing deviations on the NVH behavior of modern gear design concepts S. 367-382

„… , Hertzian pressure, loss etc. After that, an additional waviness is applied to the tooth so that the …” „… excitation. Another result is the distribution of the Hertzian pressure over the tooth face, based on the …” „… point with highest pressure the gear life or the power capacity can be determined. The power loss in …”

W. Kassem, J. Müller, M. Oehler, O. Koch Analytical tooth root stress calculation for short fiberreinforced plastic gears S. 1361-1374

„… gears lie above all in the cost-effective large-scale production using the injection molding process [1 …” „… injection molding process. In addition to the locally different fiber orientation over the component, there …” „… 𝛼 ∙16 ∙ ∙ 𝑠 (2) with 𝐹𝐹cos𝛼 (3) where 𝛼 is the pressure angle of the basic rack profile 𝛼 is …”

C. Kunik, J. Kunert Wetting and oil flow analysis of planetary gearboxes using oil flow simulations S. 467-484

„… units and gear units using injection lubrication. Concli et al. [10 - 14] published several studies …” „… fluid is represented as particles, which include all information like pressure or momentum. This …” „… the pressure with the density changes. Hence, the continuity equation is solved in the compressible …”

M. Rothemund, M. Otto, K. Stahl Applicability of classic analytical calculation approaches for the design of plastic gears S. 1483-1498

„… gears can be produced fast and very easily in large quantities through the injection molding process. As …” „… temperature in the material, the tooth root stress, the contact pressure, and the deformation of the teeth are …” „… root stresses and contact pressures. The calculation is based on a step-by-step analysis of the tooth …”

K. Lübke, K. Stein Quality inspection of special geometries measured with computed tomography – Evaluation of involute cylindrical gears according to ISO 1328-1 S. 1787-1802

„… manufactured using casting processes like injection molding. In general, with one gear cavity in the mold more …” „… small spur gear large spur gear number of teeth 12 43 normal module in mm 0,6 0,4 pressure angle in …” „… , Poland and South Korea (Fig. 6). The company was founded in 1962 and has a broad experience in injection …”

M. Geitner, S. Preintner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Simulation Study on the Tribological Characteristics in the Meshing Contact in the Context of the Load Carrying Capacity Calculation of Internal Gears with Unbalanced Sliding Conditions S. 429-450

„… under systemtic variation of the contact pressure and circumferential speed, which the lubricant film …” „… 4.0 Number of teeth - 16 -42 17 -47 18 -43 Common face width mm 8.0 Pressure angle 𝛼 ° 20 Helix angle …” „… hard/hard considered). Here, values of the Hertzian pressure at the pitch point C are specified in the test …”

B. Černe, N. Vukašinović, D. Zorko In-situ experimental methods for measuring tooth meshing displacements and wear during polymer gear tests using a high-speed camera with microscopy optics S. 1563-1580

„… [mm] 6 Pressure angle 20 Profile shift coefficient x1,2 0 Shaft diameter dh 6 VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422 …” „… Injection Molded Unreinforced, Glass and Carbon Reinforced Nylon 66 Spur Gears, Applied Composite Materials …” „… .2015.08.040. [5] B. Sarita, S. Senthilvelan, Effects of lubricant on the surface durability of an injection …”

A. Drechsel, J. Pellkofer, K. Stahl Transferability of the scuffing load capacity of gear oils determined on spur gears to hypoid gears S. 881-896

„… velocity. To increase the scuffing load carrying capacity of a gear oil, extreme pressure additives (EP …” „… components of the back-to-back test rigs. Both test rigs offer the possibility of injection or dip …” „… width b1 / b2 mm 10 / 20 36.9 / 26 Normal pressure angel αnD / αnC ° 20 13.2 / 26.8 Helix angle / Mean …”

S. Matkovič, D. Šeruga, M. Nagode, M. Kalin Prediction of tooth root fatigue failure of polymer gears for dry and oil lubricated contact and its comparison to experimentally obtained results S. 1301-1318

„… lubricated tests. The lubricant was fully synthetic PAO oil. The polymer gears were injection moulded from …” „… ratio 1.29 Face width, mm 8 6 Normal-pressure angle, ° 20 20 Gear quality 6 10 The polymer gear tooth …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024225

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Dritev – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2020

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2373 2020

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

M. Grill, M.-T. Keskin, M. Bargende Virtual RDE: Ensuring RDE conformity of hybridized powertrains in the early stage of the development process S. I-343-I-354

„… pressure EGR rate boost pressure start of injection (main injection) amount of fuel (pilot injection …” „… pressure-part, using mean effective pressure and emission values derived from the test bench or detailed 1D …” „… simulation to model effects such as boost pressure built-up, high/low pressure EGR travel times or thermal …”

S. Reuter, H. De Keyser, M. Doppelbauer Performance study of a PMSM with molded stator and composite housing With internal slot cooling – resulting in high continuous power S. II-17-II-32

„… injection molding process. The composite material, preformed as a pellet and preheated, is placed in the …” „… transfer cylinder and then pressure is applied to the ram(piston), causing the composite material to flow …” „… hold pressure to be applied to the mold cavity and to accommodate sample shrinkage during cure. The …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023730

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Model-based diagnosis of electronic cooling fan drive systems

Michael Pagel

Reihe: Mess-, Steuerungs- und Regelungstechnik

Band 1262 2018

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-X

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 4.1.1 DC Injection Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 4.1.2 …” „… noise - Rotational speed min−1 P Power (loss) W P Covariance matrix p Pressure Pa Q̇ Heat ow J s−1 r …” „… electrical ESR equivalent series resistance f fan fr friction hys hysteresis ind induced inj injection j …”

Fault Detection and Diagnosis of the electrical motor: Online Parameter Acquisition S. 40-98

„… estimation techniques is not always possible, as this demands injection of speci c test sequences, such as …” „… tolerated in most cases. Furthermore, in the production site short injection pulses are preferred to avoid …” „… Injection Method Several methods for determination of the winding resistance of electronically commutated …”

Introduction S. 1-7

„… pressure valve, is given in Isermann (2011). 1.2 Thesis Structure and New Contribution Despite several …” „… signal injection and computing power. Another key issue is the consideration of thermal e ects, adding …”

Fault Detection and Diagnosis: Application S. 99-117

„… injection of a short pulse as described in Section 4.3. The ESR-value is then determined by evaluation of …” „… electrolytic capacitor and dic the capacitor current, both determined at the injection time. Supplying a …” „… operating point, taking into account the air pressure and temperature behind the cooler. See (3.46) to (3.49 …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186262080

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International Conference on Gears 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2389 2022

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

S. Reitschuster, C. M. Illenberger, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Application of high performance polymer gears in light urban electric vehicle powertrains S. 1181-1196

„… , which prevents a significant pressure-induced increase in the lubricant viscosity and can influence the …” „… feasible. In particular, cost-saving benefits resulting from the applicable injection molding procedure for …” „… parts using the injection molding process. Moreover, against the background of current chal-lenges of …”

A. Gebhard, W. Kassem, M. Oehler Cylinder-on-ring model wear tests as an input data source for the simulation of friction and wear of plastic gears S. 1133-1148

„… = 400 U/min, T = 10 Nm = 23 °C; left: sliding speed, right: maximum flank pressureIn Figure 8 the …” „… measured in dry and lubricated friction over a wide range of pressures and sliding velocities as well as at …” „… injection moulded plastic gears”), a novel FEM-based multi-physical simulation procedure has been designed …”

P. Barreiro, S. Pfrimmer, G. Armutcu, J. Hermes Quality improvement of an aluminum gearbox housing by implementing additive manufacturing S. 1429-1446

„… , several [16 – 19] have shown the potential of integrated cooling channels in dies for plastic injection …” „… 60 m/s at casting gates) into a steel mold (X38 CrMoV5) and kept at a very high pressure (80 to 100 …” „… MPa) during the material’s solidification. Die casting equipment covers a wide range of pressures …”

B. Legrady, M. Taesch, G. Tschirschnitz, C. F. Mieth Prediction of churning losses in an industrial gear box with spiral bevel gears using the smoothed particle hydrodynamic method S. 651-664

„… inertia of the oil by pressure and viscous forces acting from the fluid towards the wheel. Squeezing …” „… equation to determine the pressure, an equation of state links the pressure directly to the density change …” „… , density , pressure , dynamic viscosity , gravity , background pressure , artificial speed of sound …”

B. van Wissen, M. Kanters, F. Mitsuzuka, K. Iwanaga, M. Meuwissen, A. Hasanovic Predicting static and fatigue performance of fiber reinforced plastic gears S. 1083-1098

„… orientation can be predicted with injection molding simulation software, such as Moldflow or Moldex. These …” „… to information like injection point locations, part dimensions and mold temperature. The resulting …” „… so, stress-strain data measured on injection molded ISO 527-1A tensile bars is used and converted …”

C. M. Illenberger, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Operating behavior and performance of oil-lubricated plastic gears S. 1117-1132

„… injection molding techniques is making a significant contribution to growing market shares. Compared to …” „… based on the fundamentals of Hertzian pressure at the pitch point. Equation (3) shows the calculation …” „… approach for determining the occurring Hertzian pressure during operation. +, - ./ ., .0 .1 23 4,5 …”

F. Lagier, A. Bischofberger, K. Bause, S. Ott Suitability of additive manufactured PEEK gears as a means of gear sampling for automotive high-speed gearboxes S. 1045-1060

„… speeds up to 14,500 rpm, which represents a 50 % reduction of the sound pressure level [14 …” „… injection molding or extrusion, but also by rapid proto-typing techniques like fused deposition modeling …” „… polymer test gears, as described above, can be done via injection mold-ing. This method is highly accurate …”

J. Vorgerd, P. Tenberge, M. Joop Scuffing of cylindrical gears with pitch line velocities up to 100 m/s S. 903-914

„… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2389, 2022 905by an inner housing. By measuring the oil volume flow, the oil injection …” „… mm 22 / 20 22 / 20 Normal pressure angle αn ° 20 20 Helix angle β ° 5 5 Profile shift coefficient x1 …” „… of lubricants. Instead of dip lubrication, a temperature-controlled injection lubrication is used …”

G. Hlebanja, M. Hriberšek, M. Erjavec, S. Kulovec Influence of the tooth flank shape on wear for a steel-POM gar pair S. 1295-1304

„… , contact pressure, relative and sliding velocities, oil thickness, (initial) pressure angles, contact …” „… way to improve its design, e.g., proper root thickness or lower pressure angle, etc. b) Cylindrical …” „… higher radii of curvature and thus lower contact pressure. e) S-gears develop higher contact oil film …”

H.-J. Dennig, L. Zumofen, A. Kirchheim, S. Winterberg, D. Stierli Increasing the safety against scuffing of additive manufactured gear wheels by internal cooling channels S. 1345-1364

„… ]. In particular, the design of injection moulds utilises conformal cooling for process optimisation [7 …” „… gear elements are essential [8]. A suitable lubrication system, such as an oil bath or injection …” „… the following article. The tooth flank is primarily exposed to pressure and friction with simultaneous …”

S. Matkovič, M. Kalin Effect of tribological properties on tooth root fatigue failure of polymer gears S. 1257-1268

„… parameters, such as roughness of metal part, sliding velocity, contact pressure, temperature, material …” „… polymer gears were injection moulded from POM Delrin 500P (DuPont, Germany) and were meshed against steel …” „… Helix angle,° 0 0 Transmission ratio 1.29 Face width, mm 8 6 Normal-pressure angle, ° 20 20 Profile …”

D. Drummer, D. Schubert, C. Herzog In situ measurement of geometric and structural influences on the operating properties of polymer gears S. 1099-1116

„… characteristics such as dry run capability and economic mass production by injection moulding [1]. However, parts …” „… DIN 867 Pinion Gear Material 100Cr6 PA 66 Ultramid A3K Module 1 mm Pressure angle 20° Number of teeth …” „… and ground to Rz 1 µm, was used for all tests. The polymer gears were produced by injection moulding …”

D. Zorko, Z. Bergant, B. Černe Potential of woven carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite gears S. 1071-1082

„… by injection molding. To increase the load-bearing capacity and wear resistance, short reinforcing …” „… injection-molded POM gears and POM gears with an addition of 28% short glass fibers. Polymer/polymer and …” „… Profile involute, ISO 53 A Module – m [mm] 1 Number of teeth – z 20 Pressure angle – α [°] 20 Face width …”

S. Oberle, V. Labriola, E. Melnikov, G. Gariglio High performance plastic gear solution in the engine environment S. 1033-1044

„… variations linked to injection process, water absorption and temperature variations. The combination of both …” „… thicknesses required not only lead to longer injection molding processes, but also increase the risk of …” „… . The consequences are increased tooth root stresses and contact pressures, which ultimately lead to …”

L. Hildebrand, F. Dangl, M. Sedlmair, T. Lohner, K. Stahl CFD analysis on the oil flow of a gear stage with guide plate S. 677-694

„… available, such as dip or injection lubrication. Dip lubrication is widely used due to its simplicity and …” „… . 2389, 2022 677determined. Detailed investigations on the windage phenomena for high-speed and injection …” „… within injection and dip lubricated gearboxes. In terms of injection lubricated gearboxes, investigations …”

P. Mahendra Rao, S. Foletti, L. Bonaiti, C. Gorla, S. Beretta, F. Concli Mode III threshold under rolling contact fatigue and development of a test gearbox for planet gears S. 499-510

„… pressure at the roller-race interface is achieved. Fig. 1: FE analysis depicting the hoop stress for all …” „… . All the gears in the system have been designed as standard module and pressure spur gears following …” „… [-] Oil injection; mineral-oil base Service oil temperature [°C] 70 Overall gear ratio for test gearbox …”

W. Kassem, M. Oehler, B. Sauer, S. Schmidt, J. Hausmann Investigation of the time-dependent behavior of plastic gears with local tribological simulation S. 1281-1294

„… gears is the low manufacturing costs in mass production by injection molding [1]. Other advantages …” „… Tooth number ? 16 24 30 30 Normal module ? mm 4,5 2 Centre distance ? mm 91.5 60 Pressure angle …” „… contact pressure (CPRESS) for one meshing position, where the max. pressure is 52.3 MPa. The stress …”

N. Blech, T. Tobie, K. Stahl, C. Guntner, S. Schurer Material influence on mechanical properties of gears with alternative microstructures S. 265-280

„… - Face width b mm 10 30 Number of teeth z1/z2 - 17/18 24 Normal pressure angle αn ° 20 20 Helix angle β …” „… additive package) at a temperature of 60 °C (±2 °C). The injection flow rate was adjusted to 2 l/min. These …” „… strength on the tooth root bending strength of low pressure carburized and high pressure gas quenched gears …”

E. Lothman, M. Hein, U. Steiner Increased load carrying capacity of gears through optimized steel performance, surface conditions and processes S. 637-650

„… industry as well as for very high cycle pressure systems, such as fuel injection systems for diesel (Ölund …” „… Pinion Wheel Centre distance a mm 91,5 91,5 Normal module mn mm 3,5 2,5 Pressure angle αn ° 30 30 Helix …”

T. Ohno, R. Greschert, J. Brimmers The influence of material roughness, hardness and lubricant additives on micropitting behaviour of gears S. 621-636

„… effectiveness of extreme pressure additives depends on changes to the contact surface conditions. In this study …” „… ℃ Lubrication Immersion (1.5L in the test gear box) Injection 2.0L/min (20L in oil circulating system …”

A. Kubo, A. Ueda, R. Uehara Development of IP-bevel gears for industrial operation S. 343-356

„… the conjugate action for transmitting larger power. Incorporation of continuous change of pressure …” „… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2389, 2022 355of “Constant lead bevel gear” appears in forging or injection process of gear …” „… Japan, this merit is already well incorporated in the design of die for injection molding and shows good …”

T. Matsumura, K. Mioki, M. Kada, R. Okuizumi, A. Pogačnik Improved calculation methodology for the prediction of tooth temperature of plastic gears S. 1237-1248

„… of the test gear is shown in Table 1. The polymer gear was injection-molded from polyacetal (DURACON …” „… teeth 54 23 14 Helix angle (°) 0 0 0 Tooth width (mm) 3, 5, 7.5, 10 5 5 Normal pressure angle (°) 0 0 0 …”

M. Zalfen, J. Lovenich, O. Malinowski, C. Brecher, J. Brimmers, S. Neus, S. Stark, D. Kruger Test rig concept for high power VHCF gear testing S. 485-498

„… pressure ratio, larger bypass ratios of up to 12:1 can be achieved [16]. The PW1000G geared turbofan …” „… collars. The oil needs to be injected at TOil in = 40°C with a pressure of pOil in = 1.5 bar. Due to the …” „… bearings and the gear meshes. Due to the journal bearings and the high rotational speeds an injection …”

D. Mevissen, L. Uhlmann, U. Kupper, J. Brimmers, T. Bergs Analysis of friction of bowl-shaped surface structures resulting from alternative gear manufacturing processes S. 1371-1382

„… of the lubricant, the injection temperature and the surface roughness and structure [1; 6; 8; 9; 14 …” „… pressure in the contact zone(running-in). The change of Ra-value is higher for the wire-eroded variants …” „… contact and a normal force of FN = 548 N or rather a HERTZIAN Pressure of pH = 1100 MPa. Because of the …”

A. Sitzmann, T. Tobie, K. Stahl, S. Hoja, S. Schurer Deep nitriding – contact and bending strength of gears with increased nitriding hardening depth S. 875-890

„… teeth z1 / z2 - 17 / 18 24 Face width b mm 14 30 Normal pressure angle αn ° 20 Helix angle β ° 0 Deep …” „… % by volume Anglamol 99 was used for the tests. All gear running tests were carried out using injection …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023891

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Plastics in Automotive Engineering PIAE EUROPE

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2343 2019

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

W. Kornsteiner, F. Lim, H. Heitkamp, H. Traut Optimized MuCell design with FEA support of a crash-relevant functional part with high requirements for surface quality S. 553-566

„… usual in conventional injection molding, such as back pressure, injection speed, closing force, holding …” „… case have in the meantime become available. The physical foaming of thermoplastics in injection molding …” „… eliminates sink marks. A direct result of the uniform VDI-Berichte Nr. 2343, 2019 553 pressure distribution …”

J. Beck, S. Hofmann, R. Kupfer, A. Liebsch, M. Gude Multi-material design for automotive large-scale production – Fiber-composite hollow sections and injection-molding node structures in a single process S. 151-162

„… injection-molding node structures in a single process J. Beck, S. Hofmann, Werkzeugbau Siegfried Hofmann GmbH …” „… injection-molding compounds offer an enormous potential for the lightweight construction of vehicle components …” „… preforming and consolidation of the hollow section, to injection molding -is being developed and set up on …”

A. Falke, M. Bohn, T. A. Osswald The systematic path to dimensionally stable plastic components – Differentiation of acceptance dimensions and utilization dimensions S. 277-300

„… holding pressure in the case of plastic injection molding have a major influence on the dimensional …” „… the injection molding process, hot polymer melt is injected under pressure into the mold cavity of …” „… the injection molding process by continuing the utilization of holding pressure to the polymer melt in …”

S. Bürger, A. Kaplangiray, K.-U. Lichi Automotive interior decorative bezels in the 2K reverse grain overmolding manufacturing process S. 373-388

„… the holding pressure phase was of less importance with this injection sequence. All preliminary …” „… overmolding manufacturing process (hereafter '2K reverse injection') takes the approach of reducing material …” „… reverse-injection method. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2343, 2019 373 1. State of the art for decorative trim in the …”

D. Häffelin Tape technology in automotive serial production application Process and component for local control of anisotropy S. 185-192

„… , draped, consolidated and injected with injection molding compound. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2343, 2019188 A …” „… the particular meeting of the materials this calls for a corresponding matrix pressure and a …” „… area of process planning, as it specifies cycle times and tool functions via the necessary pressure …”

S. Krömer Innovative processing of glass fiber grids in the injection-molding process S. 349-360

„… injection pressure and the pulsating impregnation stroke within the mold. However, this method is …” „… Innovative processing of glass fiber grids in the injection-molding process Sonja Krömer …” „… reinforcements in injection molding. These reinforcements are usually solid and limited in their drapability …”

J. Götzelmann, M. Benitez, S. Adler, P. Petera Implementation of MuCell® in series production S. 513-522

„… contribution deals with the issue of how the TIM method (thermoplastic injection molding) can bring about a …” „… high pressure to the melt by means of an injector. Fig. 1: Trexel unit The standard procedure …” „… fills the mold with 90% of the melt. The rest of the filling, including the 'holding pressure', takes …”

M. Gross, M. Oehm, M. Richter, G. Oberhofer Integrative crash simulation of short- fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (SFRT) – Investigation of phenomenologically based material modeling S. 97-114

„… and cylinder, the holding pressure and the point of injection. The combination of geometry and …” „… , MATFEM Partnerschaft, Dr. Gese und Oberhofer, Munich Keywords: Mold injection, fiber distribution …” „… increasingly to fill this role. They can be produced easily with mold injection, they have few restrictions on …”

L. Meistermann, C. Chaut, M. Nieder A new generation of quieter air ducts – Towards a silent HVAC system S. 461-470

„… units. The solution improves airflow noise significantly without any pressure loss. The main points of …” „… least the global sound-pressure level is decreasing but not necessarily subjective metrics such as …” „… to the global sound-pressure level inside the car [1]. Even for internal combustion engines, there …”

T. Bröker, N. van Riel, G. Slik, Berend Hoek 30% weight savings and process improvement with a new ABS-LGF alloy material replacing metal for an instrument carrier, enabling a high dimensionally stable part S. 533-552

„… carrier that should be dimensionally stable after injection molding. A gate configuration was developed …” „… component tolerances of +/-0.5mm had to be achieved. Several Injection-molding tools were built, one …” „… specimens machined out of injection-molded sheets, material cards for the computational validation of the …”

M. Haverkamp Multisensory appearance of traditional and innovative surfaces – Optimal design for all senses S. 471-490

„… the switching operation, a pressure pulse can be felt and a clicking noise heard. Information about …” „… intensity than those of a broad shape. The perceptibility of the flash present after injection molding as …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023433

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LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2361 2019

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

M. Hinrichs, P. Pickel, R. Isermann Model-Based Chiptuning Detection of Diesel Engines S. 1-8

„… calibration of the engine (injection times, number of injections, rail pressure...) is not adapted to the …” „… ) is only considered over the range of an injection (high pressure pump not delivering fuel, PRV closed …” „… injection starts and ρ , is the fuel density after the injection (at a lower rail pressure). By inserting …”

L. Levato, C. De Marco, P. Tamamidis, G. Monacelli, S. Panunzio Development of a compact After-Treatment System for agricultural tractors S. 295-304

„… improvements through upstream actions (EGR, Injection strategy, etc.) and downstream VDI-Berichte Nr. 2361 …” „… (temperature, pressure, NOx, ECU, etc.) are added to manage the system in closed loop so that it is able to …” „… the injection of Urea into the exhaust gases based on the instantaneous data received from the …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023617

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38. Internationales Wiener Motorensymposium 27.-28. April 2017

Hans Peter Lenz (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Band 802 2017

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

M. Ito, K. Takeuchi, K. Ishizuka, K. Uchiyama, S. Sugawara, M. Nakagawa, O. E. Herrmann Innovative Technologieansätze zur Erreichung hoch effizienter Diesel Antriebssysteme mit niedrigsten Abgasemissionen /Innovative Technologies to Realize the Ultimate Diesel System with High Efficiency... S. II-255-II-278

„… control is suggested in addition to high-pressure and accurate injection technology that have been …” „… RDE regulation higher EGR-rates need to be applied – in this context high-pressure injections for …” „… reducing smoke emissions still are needed (Figure 6). On the other hand, the high-pressure injections …”

T. Toda, M. Sakai, M. Hakariya, T. Kato Der neue 2.5L Reihen-4-Zylinder-Ottomotor mit Toyota Neue Global Architektur Konzept /The New Inline 4 Cylinder 2.5L Gasoline Engine with Toyota New Global Architecture Concept S. I-71-I-100

„… electrical VVT, D-4S (direct + port injection) system with new multi-hole type DI injector and the high …” „… for heat management, Variable oil-pressure pump system for significant mechanical loss reduction and …” „… SULEV30(LEV ) PZEV(LEV ) SULEV30(LEV ) PZEV(LEV ) Fuel injection system PFI PFI Engine for conventional …”

P. Krähenbühl, G. Dellora, S. Golini, F. Pidello Die Führungsrolle von FPT Industrial im Bereich Erdgastechnologien für Industriemotoren /FPT Industrial’s Leadership in Natural Gas Technologies for Industrial Engines S. I-269-I-284

„… stoichiometric combustion and a new multipoint sequentially phased injection system were developed. In 1997 the …” „… . Thanks also to the multi-point sequential injection the latest FPT natural gas engines are up to 5 dB(A …” „… ignition, multi-point sequential injection • After-treatment system with passive 3-Way catalyst …”

C. A. Sharp, C. Henry, G. Neely, S. Rengarajan, J. Sarlashkar, C. C. Webb, S. Yoon Bewertung und Darstellung von Technologien zur Erreichung niedrigster NOx-Emissionen am Beispiel eines NFZ-Dieselmotors /Evaluation and Demonstration of Ultra Low NOx Technologies for an On-Highway Di... S. II-164-II-184

„… fixed geometry turbocharger. The engine employed cooled, high-pressure loop EGR for engine-out NOX …” „… Common Rail Turbocharger Fixed Geometry Turbo- Mechanical EGR System Cooled, high pressure Emission …” „… injection. NOX control also leveraged EGR and post injection fueling. No modifications were made to the …”

S. Kiga, K. Moteki, S. Kojima Die weltweit erste Serienproduktion eines Motors mit variablem Verdichtungsverhältnis – Der neue Nissan VC-T Motor /The World’s First Production Variable Compression Ratio Engine – The New Nissan VC-T... S. II-24-II-42

„… knocking and excessive cylinder pressure, so in practice the compression ratio is knock limited at full …” „… load in the most severe conditions and maximum permissible cylinder pressure. On the other hand …” „… , because at partial load the pressure and temperature of combustion gas is low and there is a margin for …”

M. Younkins, A. Tripathi, J. Serrano, J. Fuerst, H.-J. Schiffgens, J. Kirwan, W. Fedor Dynamic Skip Fire: Die einzigartige Zylinderabschaltung/Dynamic Skip Fire: The Ultimate Cylinder Deactivation Strategy S. I-249-I-268

„… spark retard. Further, DSF provides faster torque response due to intrinsically high manifold pressure …” „… atmospheric pressure, reducing the delay in time to torque. Tula designed the DSF implementation of smart …” „… deactivation mechanisms can be used. When deactivation is desired in a DRFF, oil pressure is fed through an …”

M. R. Jolly, K. Salonitis Rohstoffverarbeitung, Motorenfertigung und CO2-Ausstoß auf der Straße: Wie kann die Automobilindustrie bestmöglich zu ökologischer Nachhaltigkeit beitragen? /Primary Manufacturing, Engine Production a... S. II-379-II-398

„… using the cold box method. In HPDC cores are not used due to the high pressure injection of the metal …” „… . Low pressure die-cast foundries (LPDC) used 100% “primary foundry ingot” in A356 alloy and claimed …” „… there was no in-house recycling. Low pressure sand (LPS, produced entirely using a core package) used a …”

M. Kluin, C. Glahn, I. Hermann, A. Königstein Variable Turbinen Geometrie – Bewertung eines Aufladekonzeptes für zukünftige hoch-effiziente Ottomotoren /Variable Turbine Geometry – Evaluation of a Charging Concept for Future High-Efficiency Gasol... S. II-328-II-347

„… Injection Turbo, [6]) durch das Versuchsaggregat mit dem VTG-Turbolader ersetzt wird. Alle GM MGE 1,6 l …” „… . Abbildung 7: Implementierung des VTG-Turboladers am 1,6 l ECOTEC Direct Injection Turbo Motor im Opel Astra …” „… und reduzierten Pumpverlusten (Pumping Mean Effective Pressure – PMEP) nieder. Insgesamt verbessert …”

T. Körfer, C. Menne, B. Lindemann, T. Szailer Die neue Generation sauberer Dieselmotoren – vollumfängliche Erfüllung der weltweit strengsten Emissionsnormen /Next Generation Clean Diesel Engines – Tailored Measures for Compliance with Upcoming Gl... S. II-279-II-307

„… charge motion, spray pattern and bowl geometry ► Upgraded FIE system w/ 2500 bar injection pressure and …” „… W /h C SL / d B (A ) LP EGR Fraction / % Boost Pressure / mbar C O / gk W /h - 297 - 38 …” „… werden. Point Boost Pressure Main Timing LP EGR Fraction Air Mass Rail Pressure NOx PM T3 bsfc Noise …”

A. Lippert, C. Trapp, J. Laubach, C. Nelson, F. Nota, A. Avagliano, N. Prendiville GE’s J920 Großgasmotor kombiniert wegweisende Technologien und innovatives Digital Monitoring, um mehr als 50 % elektrischen Wirkungsgrad zu erreichen /GE’s J920 Large Gas Engine Incorporates Latest T... S. I-285-II-X

„… .: “Cylinder pressure based controls for robust operation of gas engines”, 9th Dessau Gas Engine Conference …” „… künftige Potenziale. BMW Water Injection: Initial Experience and Future Potentials. 63 - 79 Dr.-Ing …” „… Bosch The New Generation Bosch Gasoline Direct Injection Systems 80 - 92 Dr. L. Möhring, WINGAS …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186802125

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Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2018

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2328 2018

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

M. Roßhuber, G. Schromm, K. Kranz The new BMW automatic transmission – Challenges in development S. I-11-I-22

„… lubrication, cooling and pressure-supply (oil demand) are further optimized to achieve efficiency …” „… significant influence, too. Steeper, shorter pressure ramps on the oncoming and offgoing clutches as well as …” „… valve pressure regulators in the hydraulic control module were replaced by sliding valve pressure …”

R. Savelsberg, P. Griefnow, G. Birmes, A. Sehr Advanced powertrain functions of 48 V hybrid vehicles – Efficient powertrains does not exclude driving pleasure S. I-499-I-516

„… gas recirculation, water injection, but also continuous friction reduction and a variable compression …” „… higher speeds and the injection is released only after passing through the resonance range, which …” „… . g. boost pressure build-up), the gaps between driver desire and combustion engine torque are …”

K. Bennewitz, A. Mann Powertrain electrification exemplified by the VW Golf S. II-135-II-168

„… . This deceleration is supported by engine’s reactivation, whereby the injection is masked to maintain a …” „… ratio. Under braking, the engine is coupled as of a brake pressure above 12 bars. This is required to …” „… . Low-pressure braking allows remaining in FMA state in contrast. Fig. 8: Selection of start type …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023280

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