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Low-Delay Video Communication System over Wireless Channels Based on HEVC and OFDM

Yasser Estuardo Samayoa Paredes

Reihe: Informatik/ Kommunikation

Band 881 2023

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Communication Systems S. 50-84

„… errorsintroduced in the bit domain depending on just very few parameters, asfor example, the burst length and error …” „… Gilbert-Elliott channelmodel with Pe = 3e−3 and LB = 8.0 10 20 30 40 50050100LB = 8Length of burst errorsCount(a)0 …” „… 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6·1040100200Length between burst errorsCount0 500 1,000 1,500 2,0000123 …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIV

„… Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM)Keywords: Video coding – error concealment – video communication systems …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 372.6.6 Optimal Parameter Selection . . . . . . . . . . . . 392.7 Novel Error Concealment Method …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422.7.1 Error Concealment Neural Network (ECNN) . . . . 442.7.2 Error Concealment Evaluation …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186881106

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Deep Homography Estimation for Micro-Topographic Measurement Data

Stefan Siemens

Reihe: Berichte aus dem imr

Band 01/2024 2024

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5. Results S. 103-142

„… present the test errors.It can be observed, that the training and validation losses are very …” „… error are large,considering the image dimensions of 224 px x 224 px. In 81 % of cases, thephase …” „… error.Regarding the H4 registration, the mean absolute error (MAE) values are foundto be non-informative. Although …”

2. Foundational Concepts S. 11-52

„… . There are methods in the image domain aswell as in the frequency domain and error measures such as sum …” „… phase correlation, rely on Fourier transform principles [89]. An inputimage is transformed into Fourier …” „… space, represented by amplitude and phase,see Figures 2.6b and 2.6c, where the maximum of cross or phase …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XX

„… image comprises an amplitude and a phase. 242.7 Calculation of the shift between two images by finding …” „… the maximumin the phase correlation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252.8 …” „… Illustration of phase congruence. An edge image (a) can be sim-plified as a unit step (b). At the position of …”

4. Methods and Algorithms S. 67-102

„… error by rotational and shearingcomponents, a common problem with the 3x3 parameterization …” „… acquisi-tion phase, some images or image sections might be either completely under-exposed or overexposed. In …” „… . Initially, phase correlation is utilizedto estimate preliminary displacement along the x- and y-axes, as …”

1. Introduction S. 1-10

„… multiple images to createa composite during the stitching phase. Image registration is the primary focusof …” „… combined with conventional SIFT features. With a root-mean-square er-ror (RMSE) of 0.7321, this hybrid …” „… phase of the networks, necessitating extensive datasets with knowntransformation parameters for …”

Bibliography S. 147-170

„… : 2072-4292. doi: 10.3390/rs9101051.[91] A. Oppenheim and J. Lim, “The importance of phase in signals …” „… ] P. Kovesi, “Phase Congruency Detects Corners and Edges”, in Interna-tional Conference on Digital …” „… : Accurate and scalable microscopy imagestitching tool with stage modeling and error minimization …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783959009225

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ELIV 2021

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2384 2021

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U. Bodenhausen Make AI Testing Meaningful – From Understanding to Mastering of AI Testing S. 151-162

„… (False Positives) indicate errors. The example shows that in real world problems, errors are often not …” „… . Relating this to technical AI based systems, this means: The examples from the training phase must be …” „… the training phase. In addition, independent TEST examples must be used to test the system, if it …”

K. Renatus, A. Unger, B. Baker, O. Manicke Machine learning approach towards remote diagnostics and repair of electric vehicle charging processes S. 163-174

„… overview of possible failure causes is given in section 2. In order to prevent or fix charging errors …” „… . Section 3 discusses ways of how EVs could generally learn to avoid certain charging errors. Since …” „… as comfortable and therefore simple, fast and most importantly error-free. A broken down vehicle in …”

A. P. Das, K. Thomas, A. Mohan, A. S. Akhil, K. P. Ganesh A Battery Digital Twin framework for Predictive Maintenance and State of Health Estimation of Electric Vehicles S. 579-592

„… prediction of the model includes both training and testing phases. For the training phase, Data consists of …” „… phase, the model predicts the value. All results will be sent to the database and can be visualized on …” „… Grafana UI. Experimental Results and Discussions Multiple testing phases have been carried out to …”

S. Kuhn Combined application of agile practices and functional safety in automotive software development S. 197-204

„… the risk of errors. Clarification of possible misunderstandings regarding “Agile Software …” „… late development phases, unless there is an unreasonable negative impact on safety. From a Scrum …” „… fulfilment of safety timing constraints. Less prone to errors => overarching goal of safety. Lower …”

H. Zeltwanger CAN XL: The third CAN protocol generation S. 309-316

„… enabling and disabling of the error signalling or of the PWM (pulse-width modulation) functionality …” „… transmitted/received data, error detection as well as signalling, and management of the medium access. There is just …” „… CAN conference) 2020 proceedings. The university of Kassel has double-checked the error detection …”

Z. Hermon Active Acoustics Innovations Supported by Tuning & Prediction Tools S. 331-338

„… in vehicle development. Instead of a tedious trial and error optimization process, a CAD tool can …” „… . Integrity check routines to support diagnostics for development phases, end of line (EOL) production phase …” „… ™ technology is an advanced signal processing method for superior control of the sound waves by audio phase …”

C. Schwager Transformation of the Software Integration Process S. 215-222

„… the integration phase. Based on this release candidate and testing, a new SW revision [N+1] is …” „… project phases when everyone is focusing on the features and building up technical depts. Another extreme …” „… frameworks are error prone and cost intensive. Therefore, a build framework that fulfils the involved …”

S. Wonneberger, S. Balci Reliable Validation of Highly Automated Driving Functions by Increasing the Virtualization Level of High Performance Computing Platforms and Smart Sensors S. 17-28

„… be achieved by an early and continuous integration and testing process over all development phases …” „… parts over all development areas. Especially in early development phases with only initial hardware …” „… environment. - Maximum Software Stack Inclusion To find a maximum amount on function errors with respect to …”

K. Brand Shifting Left the development of Electric Vehicle Products, from System to Software S. 563-578

„… cycle. We highlight the need for algorithm studies of xEV systems at the concept phase, which will …” „… running system-level tests to detect errors. TestWeaver generates thousands of scenario variations using …” „… different phases of the Vcycle. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2384, 2021 569 Fig. 4: Iterations in the Automotive …”

D. Geyer, C. Miedl Safety Architectures for Automotive Cross Domain Servers – Challenges and Potentials S. 447-458

„… degraded fail-safe reactions to critical errors. Fig. 4: 3-Level-Monitoring Concept ( Basis: Robert …” „… trustworthiness of safety requirements must be strongly emphasized in the FSC phase, including their verification …”

F. Rundo Perceptive Advanced Car-driver Drowsiness Monitoring Neuro-Embedded System S. 317-330

„… of wakefulness at the onset of the sleepy phase using the Low frequency (LF) and High Frequency (HF …” „… physiological phase, if the arteries will be hit by a certain light source, some of this will be reflected …” „… in the 1-10 Hz range, we have proceeded with the classic "try-and error" method and after a certain …”

M. Wachs, J. Jager, A. Berthold The Crossroads of Automotive Security and GDPR S. 623-640

„… known in the automotive sector, we collect typical errors in implementation and analyse which measures …” „… error and discrimination in profiling G5 Storage Limitation G17 Data protection by Default G6 …” „… depicted in Figure 2. This approach includes a continual security risk assessment in all phases following …”

O. Meyer, B. Bohlen Applying Standards for future Vehicle Diagnostic and Vehicle Lifecycle Management S. 409-422

„… and maintenance. Possible errors cannot be expected to be known a-priori and listed as DTCs …” „… engineering, the same arguments apply to early evaluation phases where you need to monitor and diagnose …” „… early on. During the engineering phase routines, that eventually will become part of the functionality …”

J. Langkau, S. Wenz, T. V. Fernandez, L. Pullen, A. Tekavčič, N. Jezeršek, A. Wagner Electric Charge Lid – System components for future charge lid systems S. 475-488

„… , whose frequency, amplitude and phase (IQ) are detected by the receiver. Based on a feature extraction …” „… charging; empty/full/error). Charge port illumination lamp is not part of any required vehicle lighting …”

T. Fricke, F. Schuck, J. Vogelpoh, J. Ax, R. Stolpe, H. Amelunxen Collaborative Development of a Test Environment for Automated Driving S. 5-16

„… methods for the different development phases and system levels in an intelligent, effective and efficient …” „… enables the correction of time-stamps and the deliberate injection of errors. For some test system …”

A. Knoll The Case for an Open Integrating Operating System, Middleware Specification Development Approach S. 257-272

„… and find errors. We also need to realize that the leading software companies (Google, Microsoft …” „… individualisation, a plan for a “phase-wise” progression of the development environment including all processes …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023846

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Prediction based activation of vehicle safety systems – A contribution to improve occupant safety by validation of pre-crash information and crash severity plus restraint strategy prediction

Gerald Sequeira

Reihe: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Band 817 2022

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Crash Severity and Restraint Strategy Prediction S. 88-122

„… description or definition. In the first phase, the MeanAbsolute Error (MAE) given by the validation process …” „… 74.61 78.82max. -ve error [ms] -28.54 -32.33 -27.84 -23.88 -21.66 -25.48training phase. One of the …” „… and restraint strategy prediction in the pre-crash phase. The white car isthe ego-vehicle and all …”

State of the Art S. 8-25

„… . Thistwo-step increases the error in estimation through the accumulation of errorsintroduced by each step.An …” „… approach is to use an optical phased array (a series of antennaswith phase shifters). In this technology …” „… , the phase of one antenna is adjustedrelative to the others for steering the laser beam [53]. With this …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-X

„… errors. However, accidents do happen and there are also some likelihoods that these automated vehicles …” „… for the predicted crash in the pre-crash phase. This work presents an approach to activate the vehicle …” „… approachto reduce the majority of accidents that are caused by human errors. However,accidents do happen and …”

Introduction S. 1-7

„… errors due to overspeeding, overtaking,drunken driving, or driver distraction [27]. According to the …” „… accident –1. Inappropriate speed 2. Incorrect road use 3. Overtaking errors 4. Influenceof alcohol 5 …” „… . Improper behavior towards pedestrians 6. Errors when passing 7.Ignoring priority 8. Leaving or entering a …”

Opponent-object Geometry: Simplification and Estimation S. 54-87

„… the variationsof the lidar points measured by the sensor and Ee(t − 1) is the estimation error …” „… and estimation error are defined as 1.5 and 0.3 meters respectively.4.2.2 Experimental investigation …” „… three testing phases. The aim of the first phase was to compare thegeometrical predictions given by the …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186817129

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Learning-Based Inverse Dynamics for Human Motion Analysis

Petrissa Zell

Reihe: Informatik/ Kommunikation

Band 877 2022

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Related work S. 15-22

„… Muybridgein 1878. He proofed the existence of a flight phase in a horse???s gallop by inspecting animage …” „… sources of error arecapturing uncertainties and differentiation of motion states, measurement inaccuracies …” „… ofcontact forces and model approximation. The propagated errors often lead to unrealistictorque profiles …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIV

„… with high precision (on gait sequences: relative root mean squared errors of 7.0 %, 16.1 % and 11.9 …” „… NetworkSGD Stochastic Gradient DescentReLU Rectified Linear UnitMSE Mean Squared ErrorRMSE Root Mean Squared …” „… ErrorrRMSE relative Root Mean Squared ErrorMAE Mean Absolute ErrorCE Cross EntropyPDO Predictive Dynamics …”

Supervised learning of inverse dynamics S. 76-94

„… performs a classification on a set of handcrafted features to identifythe current motion phase and then …” „… infers the GRF/M and joint torques in the sub spacecorresponding to the class label. The gait phases are …” „… )‖2 ‖v2(t)‖2 ‖v3(t)‖2 ‖v4(t)‖2].(150)The modified feature vector isθ =[αTx vc]. (151)3. Gait Phase …”

Self-supervision by dynamics-based layers S. 95-122

„… are assessed by means of astandard mean squared error (MSE), the additional motion samples are …” „… solved by numerical integration. During this process, anacceleration, force or moment error propagates …” „… moments during swing/flight phases.6.2.4 Training ModesAs described above, the model allows the use of …”

Conclusions S. 123-126

„… curveswith values equal to zero during the swing/flight phases. This behaviour is difficult tocapture with a …” „… regression model and motivated the design of a multi-stage approachthat includes a gait phase classification …” „… contact would reducemotion capture errors that are passed on to the network’s internal dynamics …”

Fundamentals S. 23-61

„… classifier. In this work, it isone of the applied methods to classify gait phases as part of the multi-stage …” „… solution ofthe problem with minimal squared error. A further approach is to solve the optimizationproblem …” „… regression tree, typical impurity functions are the mean squared error (MSE) andthe mean absolute error (MAE …”

Introduction S. 1-14

„… human gait is a periodicmovement consisting of multiple gait phases as depicted in Figure 1. Regarding …” „… . Load response and pre-swing are also called double support phases. The associatedground reaction forces …” „… and joint moments exhibit a periodic pattern with progressionsthat are typical of the current phase …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186877109

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International Conference on Gears 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2422 2023

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S.-J. Tsai, Q.-Y. Zhuang, L.-C. Chang Design and analysis of compound stepped planetary gear drives for better transmission performances S. 537-552

„… smallest transmission error and evener load sharing is that the planets mesh with the sun gear in phase and …” „… impact of errors in the planetary gear drives on load sharing under different meshing phases [8].The aim …” „… different combinations of meshing phases on the transmission errors. This difference can be clearly …”

S. Sepp, A. Wenig, M. Otto, K. Stahl Acoustical behavior of periodic flank modifications under dynamic operating conditions S. 341-356

„… phase of the dynamic transmission error (1st order), which is printed in Figure 6. Especially in the …” „… therefore directly cou-pled to the phase angle of the transmission error. If the phase angle changes over …” „… phase angle of the dynamic transmission error, which changes over the speed due to dynamic effects. The …”

A. Donmez, A. Kahraman Experimental Investigation of Influence of Indexing Errors on Gear Rattling S. 703-714

„… Experimental Investigation of Influence of Indexing Errors on Gear Rattling Ata Donmez, Ahmet …” „… is external excitations, variation of backlash boundaries due to certain manufacturing errors can …” „… significantly alter the rattling behavior. Among those, tooth indexing errors modify contact boundaries in a …”

C. Westphal, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Influence of Axis Misalignments in Stepped Planetary Gear Stages on the Excitation Behavior – Test Rig Development and Simulative Analysis S. 175-190

„… is thus possible to set center distance changes and planet pin position errors. If the phase position …” „… displacement behavior the transmission error and the displacements of different components can be measured. The …” „… errors have the highest influence on the sun trajectory and the load sharing. The misalignments occurring …”

G. Devaraj Vibration reduction of planetary gear drive using mesh phasing: modelling and experimental validation S. 157-174

„… validation Considering planetary gear tooth numbers to apply the appropriate mesh phase between Sun-Planet …” „… , Lindley, United kingdom Abstract This paper showcases how optimizing the meshing phase during the …” „… concept phase of a planetary gear set can help reduce the transmitted vibrations to the rest of the system …”

D. Yamazaki, D. Iba, J. Chong Low, I. Moriwaki Cross-correlation analysis among tooth profile and helix deviations S. 1273-1278

„… fabricated by generation cutting, the effect of various errors during machining is periodically distributed …” „… of gear surfaces. This method enables a bird's-eye view of the phase differences between tooth helix …” „… network from correlation coefficients, and studied a method to evaluate the errors that a hobbing machine …”

J. Sanchez-Espiga, A. Diez-Ibarbia, M. Iglesias, A. Fernandez-del-Rincon, F. Viadero, J. Calvo-Irisarri, A. Fernandez-Sison Statistical study of the mesh load factor of planetary gear transmissions affected by inherent manufacturing errors S. 139-156

„… manufacturing errors Application of the Method of Monte Carlo to the gear manufacturing process in planetary …” „… gears with pinhole position and tooth thickness errors Dr. J. Sanchez-Espiga, Dr. A. Diez-Ibarbia, Dr. M …” „… manufacturing errors, more precisely, the tooth thickness and pinhole position errors. This study is performed …”

A. Yavuz Kanyilmaz, B. Karba, M. VARDAR Classifying plastic beveloid gear quality considering manufacturing errors S. 1159-1172

„… Classifying plastic beveloid gear quality considering manufacturing errors Mech. Eng. A. Yavuz …” „… ]. Possible manufacturing errors for plastic gear are investigated. AGMA 905-A17 standard tells us the unique …” „… ., conducted the sensitivity of tooth surface deviation to installation errors mentioned [9]. As a result of …”

P. Chavan, M. Lutz Validation of an industrial gearbox model for predicting vibro-acoustic behavior S. 619-632

„… Phasen der Entwicklung ist eine Voraussetzung für die Optimierung der Zahngeometrie. Mit einer …” „… normal velocities at two specific points during the rundown phase with experimental measurements, a …” „… is observed, with a maximum relative error of eigenfrequencies amounting to 0.29%. This …”

N. De Bie, W. Smet, T. Van Der Kamp Assessing gear mesh misalignment in a parallel gear set by transmission error measurements S. 291-300

„… transmission error measurement using phase demodulation”. Proc. I.Mech.E., Part C, J.Mech.Eng.Sci. 210(C3 …” „… Assessing gear mesh misalignment in a parallel gear set by transmission error measurements M. Sc …” „… der TE Messung ab. Abstract Gear transmission error (TE) is the main contributor to gear vibration …”

J. Langhart, S. Ebrahimi, T. Kelichhaus A comparison of time and frequency domain approaches for NVH S. 583-598

„… the excitations from the gear transmission error, torque ripple and shaft unbalances the dynamic …” „… performed on standard computers. This is suitable in the design phase, where the NVH evaluation for a high …” „… goal was to verify the transmission error between both calculation approaches properly. Table 1: Gear …”

L. Bonaiti, M. Brambilla, P. Chiariotti, A. Cigada, C. Gorla, G. Boni, P. Codeluppi The effect of pinion axial positioning on noise and transmission error of face hobbed and face milled bevel gears S. 839-852

„… The effect of pinion axial positioning on noise and transmission error of face hobbed and face …” „… factors. One of them is the so-called Transmission Error (TE), which generates a dynamic excitation from …” „… the design phase, the TE is one of the first parameters the designer can act on in order to modify the …”

U. Kissling Impact of manufacturing deviations on the NVH behavior of modern gear design concepts S. 367-382

„… . First, a tooth pair in a theoretically error-free state should be investigated with LTCA (contact …” „… analysis under load), to determine the usual critical results such as transmission error, excitation force …” „… design phase. From experience we know that certain types of modifications are more stable against …”

B. Karba, N. Yildirim Backlash optimization via compatible gear couples on the assembly lines for planetary gearboxes S. 1147-1158

„… gear mesh performance. It is inevitable due to operational needs, manufacturing errors and installation …” „… smooth transmitting power. Gear engineers are responsible for determining backlashes in the design phase …” „… specific manufacturing and assembly errors have been validated both numerically and experimentally. Two …”

A. Baseer, B. Bauer, C. Wang Mesh Load Factor in Multiple Planetary Stage Gearboxes S. 281-290

„… the mesh load factor K in an early design phase. The modelling approach is validated via measurement …” „… , which considers mainly the relevant errors, the clearances and the stiffnesses of the involved parts. A …” „… planets, which is the result of planet pin error and planet bearing clearance. In addition to that up to 4 …”

Y. Koch, E. Kirchner, J. Hirschmann Measuring Instantaneous Angular Speed using a Gear Wheel as Material Measure to detect Pitting Damage during an Endurance Test S. 81-96

„… magnet. The two signals of each sensor element are phase-shifted by 90° to calculate the rotation angle …” „… , 202386Data evaluation Fig. 4 shows the two sine-like raw signals of Sensor MR Z3. Due to the phase shift …” „… . Therefore, influence the frequency spectrum a phase and amplitude excitation similar to the GMF, which …”

B. van Wissen, L. Pastukhov, F. Mitsuzuka, K. Iwanaga, A. Hasanovic NVH performance of thermoplastic gears: modelling and measuring S. 1389-1402

„… (pitch VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 20231390error) and in tooth shape profile variations. Injection molded …” „… , combined with a certain level of accuracy of resulting in pitch error variation and local tooth shape …” „… variations plus the intrinsic run-out of a pinion and its mating gear results in a total transmission error …”

B. Černe, N. Vukašinović, D. Zorko In-situ experimental methods for measuring tooth meshing displacements and wear during polymer gear tests using a high-speed camera with microscopy optics S. 1563-1580

„… , rendering their operational behaviour highly complex. Throughout each meshing phase, cyclic loading …” „… measurement errors. 2. Materials and methods In line with previous work [11,13,25], this study focused on the …” „… the input phase, the MRAW camera recording data presenting a full 360° gear rotation (a reduced number …”

H. Mahe Model based NVH design: e-bike application S. 1229-1238

„… reduce the transmission error (static and dynamic). Proposed modifications have been implemented in a …” „… “transmission error”. The transmission error is caused by eccentricities, geometrical defects and deformations …” „… benefit. A stiff housing reduces the deformation under load and thus reduces the transmission error. A new …”

J. Zhang, B. Shaw, A. Hammer, I. Sewell Effects of Surface Engineering on the Efficiency of Involute Helical Gears – An Experimental Investigation S. 995-1016

„… test stage. There were 3 phases for each stage. The total running time for an efficiency test was 14.25 …” „… hours as shown in the test profile (Fig. 3). VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 20231006The 3 phases of the …” „… 5.25 hours. During each of the running-in phase, applied torque were increased in steps from low to …”

B. Devaux, C. Hamon, S. Montani Evaluation of specialty polymer performances in gear applications and the bias between modeling and testing approaches S. 1515-1532

„… , implement simulation approaches that can be applied in the early stage of a design phase to reduce the …” „… : Prediction of the worn profile and the maximal wear height using the MEGT model At this stage, the error on …” „… potential issue that could occur during the filling phase (thermal hesitation, weld lines in critical areas …”

S. Ebrahimi, U. Kissling, C. S. Matkovič Evaluation of the NVH Characteristics of Gear Drives with Plastic Gears by the Forced Response Analysis S. 1403-1418

„… gear errors. The damping was assumed to be proportional to the meshing stiffness of the tooth pairs …” „… gearbox. For this purpose, a transmission error model was used to optimize some gearbox geometric design …” „… it can be useful at the design phase and during the measurement or investigation of a real problem …”

W. Ramdane, C. Changenet, S. S. Ouali, C. Chevrel-Fraux, P. Casanova Thermal model of a planetary gear set using an isothermal approach S. 451-466

„… distribution of the gearbox’s components during heating and cooling phases. In addition, a thermocouple is …” „… transient thermal behavior during heating and cooling phase between the coldest fixed part and the warmer …” „… point measured. On one hand, for the cooling phase, it is obvious that all parts have similar …”

H. Jia, D. Qin, G. Hu, X. Xu, W. Bai Electromechanical Coupling Modeling and Torsional Vibration Analysis of Helicopter Electric Propulsion System S. 675-688

„… excitation, oblique tail shaft's length and transmission error amplitude on the torsional vibration were …” „… synchronous motor[15].Parameters Value Number of phases 3 Number of poles 4 Stator phase resistance ( ) 0.03 …” „… axis inductance respectively, 𝑅 is the stator phase resistance, is electric angular velocity, is the …”

M. Fürst, S. Sepp, D. Schweigert, M. Otto, K. Stahl Experimental Investigation of Moving Contact Pattern in Helical Planetary Gearboxes S. 569-582

„… extensive experimental prototype tests are required. In an early design phase, these detailed boundary …” „… the number of planets, positional errors and floating shaft systems. For the characterization of …” „… effect as early as the preliminary design phase of the gearbox since it affects the load carrying …”

M. Reichl, P. Lenz, A. Oliva Challenges and possibilities of virtual development of e-axle transmissions S. 485-498

„… tension of 0.03 N/m is used as surface tension model between the two phases. Fig. 3: FZG gearbox: on the …” „… losses at 10.5 m/s tend to lie in the upper range of the measurement error bar, while at 15.7 m/s and …” „… phase can be seen for each individual frame. In the test, the air/oil mixture can be observed as a …”

H. Yakaria Securing the Quality Chain by the Networking with the Gear Suppliers S. 1617-1630

„… Standardisierung eine entscheidende Rolle und umfasst alle Phasen vom Entwicklungsprozess über die Fertigung bis …” „… , real-time updates, and prompt responsiveness to errors or user requests. These requirements can be fulfilled …” „… storage and structure. This consistency minimizes data discrepancies and errors that may arise when using …”

G. Guimarães, L. Robatto, R. Rego, A. Faria, A. Borille, J. Mascheroni Surface integrity of 20MnCr5 pinion gears manufactured through laser powder bed fusion S. 1845-1858

„… incorporate significant microstructural changes due to phase transformation. The combination of these …” „… mechanism present during L-PBF. Especially for common gear steels, mechanisms related to phase …” „… transformation play a significant role on the RS formation. During cooldown, metastable phases such as austenite …”

C. Kunik, J. Kunert Wetting and oil flow analysis of planetary gearboxes using oil flow simulations S. 467-484

„… additional increase of calculation time results from the application of two-phase flow applications, e.g. the …” „… describe the phase transition. In combination with very fine grids, this quickly leads to a very high or …” „… . Furthermore, each particle can describe its own phase, which avoids an additional model for the phase …”

F. Concli, M. N. Mastrone Latest advancements in the lubrication simulations of geared systems: a technology ready for industrial applications S. 499-518

„… phases), the latter involves only one single phase fluid. Churning losses are predominant in dip …” „… interpolation causes numerical error and loss of accuracy. Klier et al. [46] applied the over-set mesh approach …” „… possible to keep the cavitation phenomenon into account by simply adding a source term mimic the phase …”

S. Matkovič, D. Šeruga, M. Nagode, M. Kalin Prediction of tooth root fatigue failure of polymer gears for dry and oil lubricated contact and its comparison to experimentally obtained results S. 1301-1318

„… consist of two phases. (i) the number of cycles to the initialization of the root crack and (ii) the …” „… . Similarly, the monitoring of pitch error deviation using precise angular encoders would help separate the …” „… two phases in root lifetime. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 1313Fig. 6: Tooth root damage accumulation …”

M. Rothemund, M. Otto, K. Stahl Applicability of classic analytical calculation approaches for the design of plastic gears S. 1483-1498

„… must be considered in the design phase. 1. Introduction Modern plastic gears are used in a wide range …” „… Technical Meeting (2022). [7] Tsai, M.-H.; Tsai, Y.-C.: A method for calculating static transmission errors …”

L. Bonaiti, M. Monti, C. Gorla, M. Geitner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl The consequences of different methodologies for the elaboration of pulsator test results with respect to the load spectrum assessment of gears S. 33-52

„… [1,14–18], and must be addressed before using pulsator test data in the assessment phase. Hence, some …” „… , and ε is the error term. Under the assumption that the logarithm of the fatigue limit (V) and the …”

P. Romio Spur Gear Teeth Reconstruction via Direct Laser Deposition S. 1641-1664

„… order to rebuild a gear tooth and repair a gear using the optimized parameters found. The phase …” „… . For this specific case, a miss calculation led to the already mentioned problem, and so a human error …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024225

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Autonomous Systems 2018

Maria M. Kubek (Hrsg.), Zhong Li (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Informatik/ Kommunikation

Band 862 2018

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

P. Meesad, K. Rojanawan Time Series Imputation and Prediction Based on Machine Learning S. 48-61

„… amount of missing values due to human errors, data transmission errors, machine errors, or IoT sensor …” „… : stationarity, uncorrelated random error, and no outliers. Since the time series repeats itself, the future …” „… as human, machine, equipment, or sensor errors. To deal with the problems, researchers may choose to …”

M. Schaible Notes on the Design of a Statically Safe Microprocessor S. 18-30

„… cycle: Loop over the operations and enable the various functional units (see fig. 5). A decode phase is …” „… architecture is to relieve the CU from complex logic, the fetch phase is integrated into the IR. The opcodes …” „… approach the CU does not implement a distinct fetch phase. EOP−3 EOP−2 EOP−1 EOP0 EOPl−1. . . A B C …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186862105

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Backprojection Autofocus of Large Ships with Arbitrary Motion for Synthetic Aperture Radar

Aron Sommer

Reihe: Informatik/ Kommunikation

Band 867 2020

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Basics of Backprojection Image Reconstruction S. 13-39

„… antenna position error γǫ = γ̂ − γ leads in general to a phase error φǫ, which smears the image in the …” „… , imperfections of several hardware components and phase noise ψǫ result in radar system timing errors [DL13 …” „… ]. These timing errors can be modeled by independent phase errors. The range-compressed data is phase …”

Introduction S. 1-12

„… shift, which is actually a quadratic phase error and thus the smearing. If the point moves linearly in …” „… non-parametric autofocus algorithms. The parametric techniques model the phase errors as a time-dependent …” „… coefficients of this mostly quadratic polynomial. This phase error function is then used to refocus the smeared …”

Autofocus of Large Ships with Arbitrary Motion S. 75-111

„… ] and the idea of estimating phase errors by maximizing image sharpness similar to Ash [Ash12]. In …” „… backprojection autofocus by Ash [Ash12] improves the focus by estimating phase errors based on maximizing image …” „… range errors rǫm(x̃i) can be approximated by phase errors φǫm in the following way: rǫm(x̃i) ≈ r ǫ m = c …”

Conclusions S. 112-116

„… and estimates pulse-by-pulse a phase error of each subimage separately by maximizing subimage …” „… sharpness. These estimated phase errors are forced to be smooth using an iterative Gauss- Newton …” „… regularization framework. The computed subimage phase errors are interpolated to all pixels by quadratic …”

A Appendix S. 117-118

„… : (−π,π] → R+ is the image sharpness cost function depending on the mth phase error φǫm. In Eq. (A.1), the …” „… ) are fixed and known. Only the phase error φǫm is variable. The image R C m is basically the phase …” „… phase error φǫm is used to simplify Eq. (A.1) in the following way: R(φǫm, xi)R ∗(φǫm, xi) = ( RCm(xi …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-X

„… backprojection – imaging of moving objects – phase errors – autofocus – regularization – spotmode – stripmap-mode …” „… , phase errors, autofocus, regularization, spotmode, stripmapmode. K U R Z FA S S U N G Radar-Luftbilder …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 3.2 Computational Costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 3.3 Exact Range Error …”

Optimization of Fast Factorized Backprojection S. 40-74

„… represented by the black circles evaluated at subimage boundary along line-of-sight. systematic phase errors …” „… of interest to the beam-center lines, the larger are the phase errors. These phase errors can be …” „… range errors, which result in a loss of accuracy. The range errors and thus the image accuracy can be …”

Bibliography S. 119-128

„… , D. C. Ghiglia, and C. V. Jakowatz Jr. “Speckle Processing Method for Synthetic Aperture Radar Phase …” „… . E. Mancill and J. M. Swiger. “A Mapdrift Autofocus Technique for Correcting Higher Order SAR Phase …” „… Errors.” In: 27th Annual Tri-Service Radar Symposium Record. 1981, pp. 391–400. [MM93] Antonio Martinez …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186867100

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International Conference on Gears 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2389 2022

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

C. Li, B. Peng, Y. Luo Research on indexing error of gear with few teeth in rolling process S. 445-456

„… produces overlapping areas. With the increase of the initial phase error, the damage of the formed tooth …” „… rolling tools The initial phase error of rolling tools directly affects the uniformity of indexing. Fig …” „… Research on Indexing Error of Gear with Few Teeth in Rolling Process Chengsheng Li, Bo Peng …”

J. Theling, M. Willecke, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Influences on the Excitation Behavior of Lightweight Planetary Gearboxes S. 421-432

„… error curve is also phase-shifted by exactly one-third pitch after one-third revolution, see Figure 9 …” „… the influence on the transmission error was not determined. Therefore, the objective of this report is …” „… the carrierwalls Position deviation of the axes Pin hole error of the carrier Center distance …”

L. Ryali, D. Talbot Dynamic load distribution of planetary gear sets subject to both internal and external excitations S. 389-408

„… and the internal excitation due to static transmission error. The non-linear and chaotic behavior of …” „… the system's displacement response was investigated using time histories, FFT spectrum, phase portrait …” „… displacement of a component or transmission error was monitored. Due to the lumped parameter formulation used …”

D. Drummer, D. Schubert, C. Herzog In situ measurement of geometric and structural influences on the operating properties of polymer gears S. 1099-1116

„… properties of polymer gears, like efficiency, transmission error, operating temperature, achievable lifetime …” „… transmission error and vibration. The same wire cut pinion made out of 100Cr6 steel, flanks hardened to HRC 55 …” „… 000 min-1. This corresponds to a measurement error in tooth deformation of ±0.1 µm given a plastic …”

A. Hessler, B. Neubauer NVH-performance versus Costs – Coherent R&D for gears, system and manufacturing S. 103-118

„… and systematic errors in gear micro geometry and gear flank face topography often lead to noise. This …” „… the lead angle deviation (? ) can influence the transmission error (TE). Referencing Fig. 4, the …” „… . Periodic signals can be decomposed via FFT-Analysis into frequencies, amplitudes and phases. Many modes can …”

R. Longato, M. Turci The effect of temperature on the SN curve for bending stress measured on a new test rig for plastic gears S. 1209-1222

„… control to favor gradual, uniform heating. This transient heating phase will be subsequently eliminated …” „… . As already stated, the first “clean-up” phase involves elimination of the transient zero torque …” „… measured during the complete test phase. Given the high number of temperature measurements, it is possible …”

S. Ebrahimi, J. Langhart, D. Marano NVH calculations for drivetrains, a methodology for selection of the best suitable calculation approach for a specific purpose S. 75-90

„… to the minimum peak-to-peak transmission error (PPTE), and secondly the “worst-of-worst" (WOW) design …” „… peak-to-peak transmission error and subsequently lower excitations to the powertrain system. Introduction The …” „… Transmission Error (TE) is known as the key factor affecting the excitation behavior. The dynamic interaction …”

Y. Koch, G. Martin, E. Kirchner, D. Quirnheim Pais, R. Slatter Feasibility study of measuring instantaneous angular speed of helical gears with magnetoresistive sensors S. 253-264

„… , 3, 9]. Loaded transmission error The meshing of two gears can be described as spring and damper …” „… transmission error (TE). Besides the described tooth deflection, which is load-dependent, the TE has a …” „… direction with a VDI-Berichte Nr. 2389, 2022 25590° phase shift and are sinusoidal oscillations. The …”

C. A. Celikay, A. Donmez, A. Kahraman An experimental study of parametric resonances of a spur gear pair at speeds above its primary resonance S. 511-522

„… as the frequency content of the measured transmission error signals. 1. Introduction Spur gears are …” „… that represents the tooth modifications and manufacturing errors. A relative gear mesh displacement is …” „… at  1460 rpm and 60 Nm, obtained during the speed-down phase of the test. The corresponding FFT …”

R. Chen, D. Qin, C. Liu Study on electromechanical coupled dynamic characteristics of transmission system of wind turbine S. 763-778

„… , time-varying meshing stiffness, error excitation, and external random wind load, established a 5-MW wind power …” „… support mechanisms and floating structures, errors, and the system’s physical parameters that affected the …” „… diagram of the A phase current. The frequency domain diagram shows that the electric fundamental wave …”

P. H. O. Teixeira, J. Brimmers, T. Bergs Consideration of micro-interaction in the modeling of generating gear grinding processes S. 1517-1528

„… topography. In order to achieve the objective proposed, the current work will be divided into 3 phases. In …” „… Phase 1, an analysis of the grinding worm topography will be performed. Next, in Phase 2, a simulation …” „… measurements performed in Phase 1 as well as the kinematics of the generating gear grinding. Finally, in Phase …”

A. Gebhard, W. Kassem, M. Oehler Cylinder-on-ring model wear tests as an input data source for the simulation of friction and wear of plastic gears S. 1133-1148

„… of the wear track in order to prevent systematic errors that would have happened due to the low …” „… intermittent parameter variations within one continuous test). When error bars are shown, they represent …” „… a single cross-section scan on a semi-cylinder (right). In order not to include geometrical errors …”

A. Baumann, B. Bertsche Coefficient of friction behavior of gear oils and significance for the meshing process of spur gears S. 745-762

„… , boundary friction only occurs during the start-up phase [10]. The flank speeds are very low and there is an …” „… 2 Also called rotational path deviation, single-flank pitch deviation or transmission error …” „… measured in the relative angle, which are caused by geometric errors, such as inaccuracies during …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVIII

„… error of gear with few teeth in rolling process 445C. Li, B. Peng, Y …” „… Materials Engineering IWT, Bremen, GermanyTooth profile error detection only using a small spot type of …” „… trains in the early design phases – Exploratory study of feasibility and possible approaches …”

S. A. Bohme, J. Keski-Rahkonen, T. Komssi A standardizable approach to tooth flank fracture S. 371-388

„… parameters. The acting stress tensor is a superposition of dynamicHertzian, shear, out-of-phase bending …” „… multiaxialfatigue tests under proportional and non-proportional stresses, it achieved an average fatigue error …” „… indexof -2.2% and a standard deviation of the fatigue error index of 15.9%.2 Material and MethodsSimilar …”

L. Bonaiti, F. Rosa, P. Mahendra Rao, C. Gorla, F. Concli Gear root bending strength: statistical treatment of single tooth bending fatigue tests results S. 15-30

„… anvils during the preliminary mounting phase. During the test, the pin is removed, and a minimum …” „… (3) where ??? is the error function. MLE is based on finding the distribution parameters, in this …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023891

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International Conference on Gears 2017

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2294 2017

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

K. Matsuo, Y. Suzuki, K. Fujiki Accuracy analysis of workpiece and tool in the hobbing process using Taguchi Method S. 1331-1342

„… right end run-out are in opposite phase), the effect on cumulative pitch error of the right and left …” „… 135 Right flank deg. 0 45 90 135 180 225 270 315 c mm -73.8 0 73.75 Error factor a b Phase difference …” „… than in grinding, it is more difficult to eliminate the pitch error and tooth space run-out that …”

H. Hansson, H. Alm, A. Eng, M. Olsson Beveloid gears in planetary gear trains for increased Grundström, power density and reduced backlash Stensson, S. 579-590

„… identical loads (not considering phase difference between the planets), Fig. 3. When an error is introduced …” „… general the uneven load distribution introduced due to manufacturing and assembly errors increases with …” „… order to neutralize manufacturing and assembly errors [5]. In order to evaluate the balancing system …”

T. Utakapan, B. Kohn, M. Fromberger, M. Otto, K. Stahl Evaluation of gear noise behaviour with application force level S. 695-706

„… undesired noise is one of the most important goals throughout the whole development phases of gearboxes …” „… Source Dimension Quasi-static Loaded Transmission Error Calculation / Assessment Displacement Tooth …” „… Error Calculation / Assessment Displacement Torsional Acceleration Assessment Acceleration …”

M. Shuai, M. Shuai, J. Guoguang, Z. Yidu, L. Chao, H. Haruo Research on multiple-split load sharing characteristics of 2-stage external meshing star gearing system S. 769-782

„… , the phase taken 0.25°. Tooth thickness, pitch section and bearing error are also take 6μm, Ks1p= Kps2 …” „… external gearing star gearing system in Aero-engine, and a meshing error analysis on the eccentricity …” „… error, gear thickness error, base pitch error, assembly error, and bearing manufacturing error of gear …”

J. Neufond, Y. Xu, J. Perret-Liaudet, E. Rigaud The iterative spectral method for computing the planetary gear dynamic response S. 209-218

„… planetary gears multi-degree-of-freedom modelling is built. Eigenmodes, dynamic transmission errors and …” „… the dynamic behaviour of the gears induced by the static transmission errors. These main excitation …” „… sources at each gear meshing result from tooth deflections and manufacturing errors. In the context of …”

T. Nagumo, M. Ishizuka, Y. Satou, S. Matsumura, H. Houjoh Estimation of loaded static transmission error using vibration measurement under operating conditions in a two-stage helical gear reducer S. 857-868

„… Estimation of loaded static transmission error using vibration measurement under operating …” „… transmission error (STE) waveform by vibration measurement under operating conditions was applied to a …” „… [1,2]. The loaded static transmission error (STE) is widely used for evaluating gear mesh excitation …”

S. T. Ping, Y. M. Shao, L. M. Wang, H. W. Li, J. Xu, Y. Cheng, J. Liu The influence of mesh misalignment on planetary gear set with time-varying mesh stiffness S. 219-230

„… misalignments on dynamic transmission errors (DTE) and dynamic responses are studied based on the proposed …” „… dynamic model. Keywords：mesh misalignment, planetary gear set, transmission error, dynamic factor 1 …” „… of manufacturing errors and assembly variations on dynamic load sharing factor [1]. Velex proposed a …”

X. Gou, L. Zhu, C. Qi Modelling of a gear-rotor system considered tooth contact temperature and its dynamic characteristics S. 1177-1184

„… friction, the backlash, the comprehensive transmission error and so on are considered. The flash …” „… time-varying stiffness including temperature stiffness, gear backlash and comprehensive transmission error are …” „… represent gear clearance. 2 . ( )e t is the time-varying comprehensive transmission error of the gear pair …”

J. Fechler, M. Böhm, S. Aberle, V. Merz A contribution to the NVH behavior of plastic gears in automotive applications S. 1531-1540

„… . Traditionally the transmission error TE is used to judge the impact of a gear train on the noise behavior. It …” „… ) is chosen to exemplify the different influence factors affecting the transmission error. The noise …” „… influence factors at the transmission error and to check the correlation between TE and the noise of the …”

D. Strasser, S. Troll, R. Sperlich, J. Münch Reliability safeguarding for an 8 MW wind energy gearbox in serial production – Prototype and process development ensuring stable quality at the highest level S. 1085-1100

„… total pitch error of each planetary stage as well as the stiffness variation in the gear meshes (Figure …” „… mesh, plays an important role for the total pitch error. Finally, a proper micro geometry is useful to …” „… Production Already during the prototype development phase design for manufacturing was an attention point …”

M. Schwenk, J. Hoffmeister, J. Hermes Prediction of local load carrying capacity for gears – a materials science approach S. 989-1002

„… thermodynamically-based diffusion and phase transformation models allow heat specific chemical compositions to be …” „… as thermal driving force for phase transformations, depends on the thermo-physical properties …” „… thermal conductivity λ, density ρ, and specific heat capacity cp which themselves depend on the phase ξ …”

M. Takahashi, T. Itagaki, N. Maeda, H. Takahashi Evaluation of developed micro-gear endurance test system and basic study on load-carrying characteristics of micro-spur-gears S. 243-252

„… tolerance. The first phase of this study used two types of module 0.2 mm test gears: gears made from …” „… the θz direction. Measurement and adjustment of assembly errors in the test gear can be performed …” „… measured assembly errors can be easily adjusted by using the 3dimensional Cartesian stage, θz stage and θY …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181022948

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Autonomous Systems 2017

Herwig Unger (Hrsg.), Wolfgang A. Halang (Hrsg.)

Reihe: Informatik/ Kommunikation

Band 857 2017

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Gerhard Sartorius Metrology and Machine Learning S. 88-104

„… and systematic errors of the sensors arise not only during the training phase, but also during the …” „… information sensibly, after a learning or training phase. Due to their structural similarity to the …” „… usable as reference data. In practical applications the available data is not ordinarily free of errors …”

Stefan Widmann A Data Specification Architecture S. 215-229

„… data flow errors. Instead of trying to detect these errors by even more complex software, a Data …” „… form of tags. It provides a high level of error prevention and a simple hardwarebased detection of 20 …” „… identified data-flow-related errors and attacks. 1 Introduction Safety-related applications that have been …”

Marcel Schaible A Crowd-verifiable Microprocessor S. 188-200

„… (see fig. 5). A decode phase is unnecessary, because each operation points directly at exactly one row …” „… requirement of this architecture is to relieve the CU from complex logic, the fetch phase is integrated into …” „… hardcoded. With this approach the CU does not implement a distinct fetch phase. Opcode−3 Opcode−2 Opcode−1 …”

Gerhard Sartorius Data Preprocessing and Outlier Detection in Multivariate Data S. 105-140

„… during the training phase of the network. The data distribution of the individual measurement situations …” „… the training phase. When doing this, the associated model M for this measurement channel and the …” „… presented in the working phase of the network can then generally be displayed as results. The MAE method is …”

Irina Kaiser, Wolfgang Fengler, Maxi Weichenhain Development of Embedded Systems in the Domain of Measurement Techniques S. 201-214

„… process, whereby the error probability decreases, • Model-based development and model-based testing …” „… , • Consideration of systematic and random errors for the proof of metrological reliability (error analysis …” „… respective project phase are labeled. Application domain specific and general aspects are included. • Top of …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186857101

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Dritev – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2020

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2373 2020

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

T. Korb, M. Nussbaumer, S. Rinderknecht Generic optimization environment and knowledge-based guided evolutionary algorithms for automated transmission calibration – Method to generate a knowledge base through impact analysis of parameters a... S. I-355-I-384

„… towards the phase, where the error was detected, the overlap is corrected. This was proven in empirical …” „… error criteria are not always target-oriented, thus causing unnecessary iterations and increasing …” „… simplification of many values into scalars by calculating simple error criteria and the unguided behaviour of the …”

M. Deiml High speed electric drive system – A solution for the next generation E-cars S. II-49-II-62

„… can be simulated during the mechanical concept phase to find the best solution to reduce it as much …” „… power stage is capable of a phase current up to 520 Arms to fit the e-machines and a DC voltage up to …” „… parameter in high speed gears because it has direct effect on the transmission noise level. Small errors in …”

A. Esser, T. Eichenlaub, S. Rinderknecht Real-driving-based comparison of the eco-impact of powertrain concepts using a data-driven optimization environment S. I-309-I-342

„… operational phase, it is assumed that all fuels are synthesized via Power-to-X considering corresponding …” „… measures are affected by various different factors in different phases of the vehicle life cycle. The GHG …” „… during the operational phase, production and End-of-Life ('Cradle-to-Grave'). Concerning the TED, the …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023730

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LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2427 2023

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

K. Blaylock, A. Irlbeck, B. Adams, A. Sporrer Systems Engineering Development and Analysis Approach to Improving Self-Propelled Sprayer Boom Height Control S. 489-496

„… and (2) time inside boom height error band across repetitive, controlled test program operating …” „… presents a multi-phase systems engineering approach for the development and analysis of a next-generation …” „… (2) time inside boom height error band. Standard devitaion of boom height is derived directly from …”

C. Campanella User experience evaluation, based on Ergonomics and Virtual Reality tools on CNHi agricultural tractors S. 363-370

„… and maximum comfort, minimizing the risk of human error. Tractors are full of controls inside cabins …” „… ergonomic approach is compulsory for the whole machine, and for assembly phase of the machine itself. The …” „… Virtual reality Lab with helmet for immersive Virtual view The experimental testing Phase 1. First of …”

B.-G. Hülle, S. Böttinger, M. Racs, T. Schempp Design and development of adaptive control elements on agricultural tractors based on ISOBUS communications S. 275-282

„… solution for the tractor based on ISO 11783. In the first phase of the project, as part of the conceptual …” „… functions to control elements were defined. As a result of the first phase, there is an "operation table …” „… algorithm developed in project phase 1. The exact details of the assignment criteria and the logic of the …”

F. Gerdes, L. Frerichs, A. Eitzlmayr, E. Karer, A. Feyrer, M. Hofer, D. Weberndorfer A comparison between conventional calibration experiments and the Excavator Test for DEM soil calibration S. 79-86

„… long, 500 mm wide and 250 mm deep. As a result of strong fluctuations during the entry and exit phases …” „… mean values for draft and vertical forces are carried out, neglecting the entry and exit phases. The …” „… laboratory environment. In the future, the mobile use of the test can avoid the synthetic, often error …”

T. Schütte, K. Koch, V. Dworak, C. Weltzien LiDAR Assisted Semi-automatic Mapping and Path Planning Approach for Autonomous Mobile Robots in Vineyards and Orchards S. 199-208

„… software phase-locked loop (PLL) that estimates the correlation between sensor ticks and CPU clock …” „… generally has a lower accuracy. However, this error is also the least important one since for most …”

J. C. Krause, N. Iqbal, M. Niemeyer, B. Thy, L. Plagge, H. Hollmeier, A. Ruckelshausen, S. Röttgermann, A. Tauber, J. Herbers, S. Menke, J. Hertzberg AI-TEST-FIELD – A Test Environment for the Automated Evaluation of Methods for Robust and Reliable Environment Perception S. 547-554

„… errors for the path is 𝑅𝑀𝑆𝐸 0.11 𝑚 . Fig. 2: Surveyed object positions are transformed in UTM …” „… real machines. Conclusion and Outlook In the past project phase, we were able to run a basic number of …”

C. Nöß, J. Weller A Fuel Cell Tractor in Operation – Concepts and Field Data S. 39-48

„… resistor with 50 kW of peak power can protect the high voltage system from damage in error cases, for …” „… system is fed by a 6 kW electric screw compressor. An inbuilt 22 kW 3-phase on-board charging device (OBC …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024270

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International Conference on Gears 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2355 2019

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

J. Zhang, J. Wang Dynamic modeling and analysis of a star-wheel reducer S. 741-752

„… ith phase star-wheel; O'IA1 and A1A2 are the radial and the tangential errors of the eccentric …” „… compliances and manufacturing/assembling errors are included. The differential motion equations of each …” „… for error controlling and performance enhancement of the star-wheel reducer. Keywords: Star-wheel …”

X. Tian, Y. Wu, J. Han, L. Xia Online estimate and compensation of the gear machining error based on electronic gearbox cross-coupling controller S. 1835-XXVIII

„… . Considering additional feedforward terms, Torfs et al. [6] invented the extended bandwidth zero phase error …” „… the British economy. Proe Instn Mech Engrs 1986; 200(B3). [5]. Tomizuka. M, Zero phase error …” „… ]. Torfs. D, De Schutter. J, Swevers. J, "Extended bandwidth zero phase error tracking control of …”

D. Iba, I. Moriwaki, H. Noda, H. Inoue, M. Kim Visualization of phase differences between tooth helix deviations using graph theory S. 1191-1198

„… Visualization of phase differences between tooth helix deviations using graph theory Associate …” „… manufacturing error of gears which cause vibration and noise during operation. Especially, this paper proposes …” „… a visualization method of phase differences between tooth helix deviations. Firstly, the tooth …”

L. Ryali, D. Talbot A gear load distribution model for planetary gear set with a flexible carrier S. 809-822

„… , bearing support stiffness and planetary system errors. Contact lines are calculated theoretically as …” „… pair. Sun-planet and ring-planet meshes engage at a common frequency, and are phase shifted according …” „… geometry [5,16]. Three phase shifts unique to planetary gear sets and need to be considered; (i …”

C. Natali, A. Rezayat, D. Park, P. Jiranek, T. Tamarozzi Analysis of manufacturing variability on the transmission error of an internal gear pair using a multibody framework S. 1099-1110

„… Analysis of manufacturing variability on the transmission error of an internal gear pair using a …” „… variabilities on the transmission error (TE) of an internal gear pair. TE curves are obtained by a numerical …” „… domains such as automotive industry [1] . VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 2019 1099 Transmission error (TE) is …”

J. Brimmers, M. Willecke, C. Lopenhaus, C. Brecher Investigation of the potential of using surrogate models in the gear design process S. 727-740

„… functions Fitting exists of two phases: Forward and Backward Forward: Add spline in order to reduce …” „… modelling error Backward: Remove spline which has the worst influence 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 0.0 0.5 …” „… consists of two parts. The first part being the forward-phase, where new basis splines are added in order …”

S.-J. Tsai, VDI, L. C. Chang, C.-H. Huang A study on tooth profile modification of cycloid planetary gear drive with tooth number difference of two S. 997-1010

„… Table 3: Eccentric error Sub-Case Eccentric error value [mm] Phase Angle Sub-Case Eccentric error …” „… stiffness of supporting bearings and the eccentric error of cycloid disc are involved. The variation of …” „… backlash in gear drives considering the influences of errors on transmission and manufacturing. Overall …”

B. H. Kien, D. Iba, Y. Ishii, Y. Tsutsui, N. Miura, T. Iizuka, A. Masuda, A. Sone, I. Moriwaki Vibration-based plastic gear crack detection system using a pre-learned convolutional neural network S. 1443-1452

„… of bearings to collect vibration signal. An angular velocity sensor ③ counts the phase of driven …” „… to a matrix every 16.67 Hz from 0Hz to 1600Hz. Additionally, the phases of the driven shaft are also …” „… phases information is visualised as a grayscale image, which is 12×16 pixels. Images were labelled as …”

A. D. Rauch, C. Wirth An easy-to-use and fast computational model for the prediction of the influence of manufacturing errors on gear transmission error S. 645-656

„… errors on gear transmission error Andreas D. Rauch, Dr.-Ing. Christian Wirth, MAHLE ZG …” „… error (TE) in spur gears and helical gears under low load. The TE, i.e., a fluctuation of the …” „… deformations are negligible compared to the magnitude of manufacturing errors which may then cause severe NVH …”

K. Daubach, Manuel Oehler, Bernd Sauer A method to determine local wear of worm gears with highly resolved circumferential backlash curves S. 595-606

„… worm wheel tooth. Thereby, locally different wear rates caused by assembly or manufacturing errors as …” „… frequencies. Reasons for the variation according to [6] are manufacturing or assembling errors like …” „… radial-runout of the worm or worm wheel, pitch or tooth profile errors. Moreover, the worm gear kinematics …”

D. Park, F. Santini, A. Rezayat, T. Tamarozzi, J. Pavel Experimental and numerical investigation of helical gear transmission error under gear misalignments S. 355-366

„… Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Helical Gear Transmission Error under Gear …” „… include the influence of gear manufacturing and assembly errors to better predict the Transmission Error …” „… angular fluctuations when the conjugate motion is not guaranteed due to manufacturing errors and under …”

L. Hui, X. Changl, Y. Shouw, L. Cheng, Z. Chen, L. Yu Research on Dynamic Drum Shape Modification of Helical Gear Pair S. 1011-1026

„… meshing error caused by gear manufacturing, installation and wear, the distributed meshing nonlinear …” „… further exacerbated by errors in manufacturing, installation, and wear. The profile modification can …” „… vibration shock and roll vibration will occur, and its motion error will further increase[3]. In order to …”

M. Fromberger, S. Sendlbeck, M. Rothemund, J. Gotz, M. Otto, K. Stahl Comparing data sources for condition monitoring suitability S. 257-268

„… . However, other measurable variables such as the loaded transmission error exist, too. Even for one …” „… uniform transmission of the rotational movement (i.e. zero transmission error) of the driving gear to the …” „… ]). This time-varying gear mesh stiffness results in a time-varying loaded transmission error (LTE), which …”

U. Kissling, U. Stolz, A. Turich Combining gear design with manufacturing process decisions S. 1533-1544

„… and restrictions can be considered in the design phase, are discussed: - Use of available tools such …” „… shows a lead angle error while simultaneously affecting the profile modification. The middle section …” „… has no profile error but a slight crowning being affected by the lead crowning. The top and bottom …”

C. Chevrel-Fraux, R. Fargere, J. Bruyere, P. Velex Modelling of high power geared transmissions, introduction of a filling material S. 903-914

„… both helix as sinus with a phase of 0.5π, the maximum value of the cumulated pitch error is fixed …” „… of the quasi-static transmission error with tooth profile and helix modifications, like Bruyère and …” „… loaded transmission error, but only a few studies focused on the body of pinion and wheel. Another …”

D. V. Kalinin, J. Y. Temis Influence of tooth profile modification on planetary gear sets dynamic S. 777-784

„… and the transmission error of each gear pair. 3. Profile modification Gear tooth profile …” „… manufacturing errors, and to reduce gear dynamics. Microgeometry modification of the involute gear teeth may …” „… ], profile modification is considered as a way to reduce dynamic loads by reducing the transmission error …”

M. Heider, B. Pinnekamp, A. Beinstingel Planetary gears: modes, noise and modifications application and validation of simulation and experiment S. 57-68

„… excitation can be derived from this change of stiffness, Fig. 2: Transmission error, which is the static …” „… created by the transmission error without compensating movement of masses (i.e. rigid masses). It may be …” „… , 201958 Mesh stiffness, transmission error and force excitation are shown in Fig. 2 for two spur gear …”

M. Zapf, J. Klose, F. Zanger, V. Schulze Analysis of process forces and surface topography when manufacturing case-hardened gears by double flanked hard skiving S. 1647-1658

„… scatter errors in concentricity and pitch of the tool. But in the analogous experiment material removal …” „… In order to minimize the influence of clamping errors, mean deviation and distortion on cutting …” „… phase shift between the signals of x- and y-axis are visible. The axial force corresponds to the force …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVI

„… ., Zhengzhou, PR China f Transmission error Investigation of transient response motion of differential …” „… dynamic transmission error for nutation drive with double circular arc gears under assembly errors and …” „… error under gear misalignments …”

A. Schiller, T. Beckmann, M. Fratz, T. Seyler, A. Bertz Optical gear measurement: holographic system for 100 % inspection S. 1545-1550

„… even possible to detect periodical errors on the surface structure that are normally very hard to …” „… phase of an incident light wave are captured. The basic setup is as follows: coherent laser light …” „… enables the areal evaluation of new measures, in order to detect for example periodic structural errors …”

T. Kahnenbley, G. Gravel Gear standards for reliable measurement of noise-causing gears – Quick verification of the measurement precision S. 1813-1822

„… measuring errors due to improved machine control and improved precise axis guidance. The second objective …” „… a quantile of the t-distribution with an error probability of α = 5%. For the standard C-1 the …” „… result (Figure 6 below). The form errors can only affect the tooth meshing order and their harmonics, as …”

T. Fukuda, M. Nakagawa, T. Hirogaki, E. Aoyama Investigation of transient response motion of differential planetary gear train during reverse rotation and starting by using high-speed camera monitoring S. 331-342

„… CRs. Transient response has three continuous phases: braking, stopping, and starting. A novel gear …” „… observations of the transient responses showed differences in the switching times or stopping phases, due to …” „… issues pertaining to the use of PGTs. The transient response comprises three continuous phases: braking …”

R. Weidig, H. J. Weimar Powertrain NVH improvement with high-performance polymer gears S. 1421-1430

„… transient oil and coolant temperature. In this procedure in each heating phase up to standard oil and …” „… each cooling phase down to significantly below 0 °C the engine was at standstill. Enhanced …” „… transmission error force reduction and modulation of gear mesh stiffness variation. In addition, lower …”

M. Chapron, Q. Theurillat-Bonjour Tooth contact analysis of non-circular gears with non-involute tooth profiles: Application to horological spur gears S. 925-936

„… phenomenon. In this context, error during the motion transfer is not of primary interest compared to the …” „… under important transient regimes induced by the escapement function (start-and-stop phases). In this …” „… shape deviations and mounting errors on gear dynamic behavior, J. of Sound and Vibration, 191(5), 1996 …”

Z. Zhan, H. Liu, C. Xiang, Q. Yan, H. Li, W. Wei, L. Xu Study of lateral and torsional vibration distribution of two-stage planetary gears based on vibration energy theory S. 1245-1252

„… dynamic model with the backlash, mass eccentricity, profile error and time-varying mesh stiffness …” „… vibration energy is a scalar quantity, so it can be directly added and compared without considering phase …”

B. Guilbert, P. Velex, P. Cutuli Hybrid models for the study of gear body dynamic deflections – Gear body modes S. 823-834

„… rotating frame, n nodal diameter number, angular coordinate, 0 phase angle and 0 , natural …” „… nodes have similar response, they only differs in phase. The 68th order corresponds to the mesh …” „… deviation and mounting errors on gear behaviour”, Journal of Sound and Vibration, 191:629-660, 1996. [4 …”

F. Eigner, R. Michel, M. Berger Analysis on the efficiency of HypoGear S. 127-136

„… subassemblies in the current test phase. In addition, error influences are discussed in the following section 6 …” „… the run-in phase, which has not yet taken place due to the repeated installation and removal of the …”

F. Concli, L. Maccioni, C. Gorla Power loss analysis of different high-power density gearbox typologies: CFD analysis and experimental measurements on a cycloidal gear set S. 101-114

„… . counterweights or an additional cycloidal out of phase (180°) disk). Fig. 2: Example of cycloidal …” „… needed in order to compensate the manufacturing errors and to guarantee better lubrication and mounting …” „… two phases (air and lubricant). 0 is a scalar called volume fraction. The averaged properties …”

S. Matkovič, A. Pogačnik, M. Kalin Comparison between VDI 2736 wear calculation and experimentally obtained results S. 1311-1322

„… first running-in phase [8]. Also, indirect measurements can be used. Those measurements are performed …” „… removed from the test rig and then fixed back. This can cause mounting errors. The aim of this study is …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023556

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Messunsicherheit 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2365 2019

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

D. Corminboeuf Calibration and application using inductive voltage dividers – Calibration of inductive voltage divider and generation of very small AC voltages for the calibration of lock-in amplifiers. S. 99-110

„… in Section 2 and at the same frequencies to compare the results. Fig. 3: In phase ratio error …” „… input voltage is the nominal value of the divider ratio is the In-Phase error of the divider …” „… required to balance the bridge. The injection circuitry consists of two sources, one in phase and one in …”

S. Lin, C. Rothleitner, L. Günther, D. Knopf, F. Härtig, N. Rogge, S. Vasilyan, F. Hilbrunner, T. Fröhlich The Planck-Balance (PB2) – Tracing the mass via electrical quantities S. 53-66

„… this article all significant sources of error will be evaluated and a preliminary combined standard …” „… . (1) it is assumed that (from eq. (2)). For the sake of checking whether there is a systematic error …” „… a calibration phase (velocity mode) and a weighing phase (force mode). 26 calibration and weighing …”

Eignungsnachweis/Prüfprozessüberwachung S. 307-336

„… Anforderungen an die Grundqualifizierung erfüllt wurden, beginnt die Optimierungsphase. In dieser Phase werden …” „… , also dem Auslassen von Prüfungen, begonnen werden. Sollte in dieser Phase eine Verletzung der …” „… influences and consequently reduce the resulting measurement error. This procedure is implemented on a …”

C. Mester Technologiegerechtes Kalibrierprogramm für moderne Messgeräte – Neue Möglichkeiten durch Kalibrierung tatsächlich nutzbar machen S. 75-86

„… . et al.: Measurement of the Absolute Phase Error of Digitizers. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation …” „… Measurement of Digitizers' Absolute Phase Error. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1065, 2018 [19 …” „… der Linearität des Messgeräts abhängig. Hintergrund ist, dass die Messung der Phase eines Signals …”

T. Fröhlich, N. Rogge, S. Vasilyan, F. Hilbrunner, C. Rothleitner, L. Günther, D. Knopf, S. Lin, F. Härtig The Planck-Balance (PB2) – Using a fixed value of the Planck constant to calibrate E2-weights S. 41-52

„… urel results from the accuracy class E2 as recommended in [18]. MPE is the maximum permissible error …” „… conventional weighing mode. During the weighing phase, the weight will be raised several times by means of the …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023655

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