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Experimental testing and numerical simulation of granules as crash absorber for double hull structures

Christian Woitzik

Series: Mechanik/Bruchmechanik

Volume 356 2021

Results in this title

Material parameter identification S. 116-118

„… Appendix A Material parameter identification A.1 Experimental results for material models 0 500 1 …” „… kPa, 400 kPa, and 800 kPa. 116 A Material parameter identification A.2 Numerical results for material …” „… different radial pressures and the hypoplastic material model. From left to right: 100 kPa, 400 kPa, and 800 …”

Conclusions and Outlook S. 113-115

„… distribution of diameter, crushing strength, and Young’s modulus using material-dependent parameters. This …” „… granules as a filling material for double hull stuctures. The investigation began with the identification …” „… of suitable materials for application in the ship industry. Based on environmental, economical, and …”

Determination of bulk particle properties S. 40-63

„… granules as bulk material. On the one hand, this is done to determine the material parameters from the test …” „… results, using the analytical description of the material models. Therefore, geomechanic tests are …” „… is performed to adjust the material parameters with respect to compression ratios for the uniaxial …”

Numerical investigation S. 88-112

„… experiments are modelled and simulated using two different material models for the granules, as described in …” „… simulations. It can handle non-linearities due to material models, rupture, and friction, and the small time …” „… is shown in Figure 6.1. This model has been used to design the experimental setup with material data …”

Introduction S. 1-5

„… 1 Introduction Granules are a popular material in modern industry. They combine features such as …” „… applications: in civil engineering – where granules are used as a material for insulation, levelling, or as a …” „… lightweight aggregate for concrete – in the automotive and aviation industry (as a reinforcement material), in …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-VIII

„… structure – Maritime applications – Crash absorber – Collision test – Granules – Expanded glass material …” „… structure with granular material is investigated in this thesis. In order to do so, the potential of …” „… different granules is determined experimentally, along with the description of their material parameters …”

Constitutive equations and numerical implementation S. 6-23

„… plastic regime [107, 106]: σ̃ (εp) = C · (ε0 + εp)n , (2.39) where C and n are material-dependent …” „… constitutive equations describing the material behaviour. Two different models are used for the granules: on …” „… the one hand, the Mohr- Coulomb material model, and, on the other hand, the hypoplastic material model …”

Bibliography S. 119-136

„… , 1999, p. 113. [20] J. W. Ringsberg, Characteristics of material, ship side structure response and ship …” „… Materials Science 3 (2014) 307–312. doi:10.1016/j.mspro.2014.06.053. [35] H. Endo, Y. Yamada, O. Kitamura, K …” „… granular material modeled by a three-dimensional discrete element method, Computers and Geotechnics 35 (3 …”

Selection of granules and description of single grains S. 24-39

„… material-dependent parameters A, B, and S. With this equation, it is possible to plot the breakage probability in …” „… partner. 3.1 Selection of granules The material used inside a double hull structure has to fulfil …” „… , as it is one of the main reasons for choosing granules as filling material. This is due to two …”

Appendix S. 116

„… Appendix A Material parameter identification A.1 Experimental results for material models 0 500 1 …”

Experimental investigation S. 64-87

„… 5 Experimental investigation In order to evaluate the granules as a filling material, a …” „… granular material. 5.1 Experimental setup Figure 5.1 shows the simplified side hull structure with its …” „… material in the box. In doing so, approximately 150 litre are filled into the box without using any …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186356185

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Kameragesteuerte mechanische Unkrautbekämpfung in Reihenkulturen

Matthias Müter

Series: Landtechnik/Lebensmitteltechnik

Volume 145 2017

Results in this title

Material und Methoden S. 43-93

„… Material und Methoden 43 4. Material und Methoden 4.1 Aufbau der Versuchsträger Um einen …” „… ) (ERO 2015). 44 Material und Methoden Tabelle 4.1: Auszug aus einem morphologischen Kasten zur …” „… k on p t l d Material und Methoden 45 (p) (HOFFMANN 1989). Eine bisher experimentelle Methode ist …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XX

„… ........................................................................................................ 39 4. Material und Methoden …”

Einleitung S. 1-17

„… Materialeinsatz auch mit Kosten verbunden ist, muss geklärt werden, ob die verursachten Schäden und …”

Stand des Wissens S. 18-38

„… die Materialpaarung eine Elastizität zugelassen wird. Durch die Anordnung der Scheibe in einem 30 …” „… Materialien negativ beeinträchtigt. Eine genauere Messung ist durch Triangulation oder Laufzeitmessung …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186145147

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Biomechanical Modeling and Numerical Simulation of minimal-invasive Treatment of Hip Joint Diseases

Robert Cichon

Series: Biotechnik/Medizintechnik

Volume 295 2017

Results in this title

Materials and Methods S. 41-76

„… 3 Materials and Methods In this section the materials and methods used in this thesis are described …” „… . Important for FE models are exact CAD data, material properties, and the correct boundary conditions which …” „… on FHN, the force application and the material properties of cortical and cancellous bone is of …”

Results and Discussion S. 77-112

„… method removed less material of the bone and the geometry became smoother and, hence, more natural. Due …” „… material is retained compared to the bone smoothed with the Poisson method as illustrated on the right side …” „… using the circle method (yellow) and sphere- tting method (grey) and some material of the envelope is …”

References S. 128-146

„… 287, 2004. [72] G. A. Holzapfel, Biomechanics of soft tissue, The handbook of materials behavior …” „… : an electrochemical investigation, Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials, vol …” „… generation, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials, vol. 72, no. 1, pp. 206 …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIV

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 2.3.2.2 Advanced Core Decompression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 3 Materials and Methods 41 …” „… in ANSYS with appropriate material properties. This method is able to visualize and quantify the …” „… maximalen Winkeln aus dem Motion Capture System in ANSYS mit geeigneten Materialeigenschaften simuliert. Mit …”

State of the Art S. 23-40

„… state of the vascular smooth muscles developing a new material model based on FEM. They showed that the …” „… two-term potential than the classical potential [73]. Furthermore, they developed new material models for …” „… , the results are very dependent from the assumptions on which they are based, e.g., material properties …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186295170

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Validation of hygrothermal material modelling under consideration of the hysteresis of moisture storage.

Gregor A. Scheffler

Series: Schriftenreihe / Publication Series - Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Bauklimatik

Volume 2016

Results in this title

Investigated Material S. 83-86

„… 83 CHAPTER 4 INVESTIGATED MATERIAL A large number of building materials has been investigated with …” „… regard to the basic hygrothermal material properties (Plagge et al. (2007)), of which four commonly used …” „… materials are selected for the special studies reported below. These materials are a typical building brick …”

Theory of material modelling S. 17-62

„… 17 CHAPTER 2 THEORY OF MATERIAL MODELLING Hygrothermal material modelling is embedded into the …” „… transport theory and material modelling first. The transport theory in porous media, on the one hand …” „… . Their definition and identification on the basis of measured material properties is, on the other hand …”

Experimental Methods S. 63-82

„… laboratory methods applied for material investigation. Here, material investigation is subdivided into basic …” „… material property determination, which is considered to cover the methods of deriving material data to be …” „… used for parameter identification in material modelling, and advanced examination of hygrothermal …”

Summary, Conclusions and Future Prospects S. 209-214

„… 209 CHAPTER 8 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS Material modelling is an important …” „… component within the hygrothermal description of building materials and components under transient climatic …” „… material model is required which is not only applicable to a varying amount of basic material data, but …”

Simulation and Validation S. 161-208

„… strengthened fields of experimental investigation and material modelling are combined opening new perspectives …” „… on both, the actual quality of material modelling within the frame of numerical simulation, and the …” „… . The large number of conducted IPM experiments is evaluated. The material model is adjusted and …”

Development and Utilisation S. 87-138

„… 87 CHAPTER 5 DEVELOPMENT AND UTILISATION On the basis of the review on both, material modelling and …” „… main contents are distinguished: material modelling, the drying experiment and the instantaneous …” „… profile measurement technique. 5.1 Developments in Material Modelling The literature review given in …”

Implementation and Application S. 139-160

„… 139 CHAPTER 6 IMPLEMENTATION AND APPLICATION To apply and validate the developed material modelling …” „… , two very laborious tasks have to be completed. One is the application of the material model to the …” „… measured basic data of the investigated building materials. The other is the evaluation of measured TDR …”

Introduction and Overview S. 13-16

„… well as the same material data are applied (Roels et al. (2004)). The simulation quality hence depends …” „… material data in combination with the applied material model. It is consequently desired to rely on a …” „… material modelling which is generally applicable and flexible by means of adjustability and extendability …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-12

„… Schriftenreihe | Publication Series Gregor A. Scheff ler Validation of hygrothermal material …” „… | Publication Series Institut für Bauklimatik Gregor A. Scheff ler Validation of hygrothermal material …” „… 970-2508 E-Mail irb@irb.fraunhofer.de URL www.baufachinformation.de VALIDATION OF HYGROTHERMAL MATERIAL …”

References S. 221-237

„… angle of hardened cement paste depending on relative humidity“ Materials and Structures, Vol. 35 …” „… determining diffusion coefficients in hygroscopic materials“ Building and Environment, Vol. 35: 239-249, 2000 …” „… liquid moisture transport coefficient of porous building materials by suction and drying experiments …”

List of Symbols and Abbreviations S. 215-220

„… diffusivity in a material Gibbs free energy Gravity constant in direction of Enthalpy of phase Capillary …” „… ⁄[ ] mw kg m3⁄[ ] mw v+ kg m3⁄[ ] nads mol g⁄[ ] nmlw ---[ ] 217Validation of hygrothgermal material …” „… material matrix (solid phase) General symbol for an adjustable modelling parameter, normally with an index …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783816796497

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Lehm im Innenraum.

Achim Pilz (ed.)

2012

Results in this title

9 Inspirationen: Farbe, Material, Oberfläche S. 129-170

„… jedes Material große Transport wege verursacht. Im Gegenteil zu herkömmlichen Materialien (Schotter …” „… »Rest« alter Kultur, 9 Inspirationen: Farbe, Material, Oberfläche 9.1 Lob des Lehms – Lehm in Japan …” „… . Nur der Rand (hell) wurde neu verputzt. Manfred Speidel 130 9 Inspirationen: Farbe, Material …”

8 Farbige und gestaltete Lehmputze S. 109-128

„… Material‚sprache‘ folgendermaßen: »Die Semantik der Materialien hat ihre Basis teils in der Herkunft der …” „… wahrnehmbare Niederschlag von Materialbearbeitung. Hier gibt es bei unterschied lichsten Materialien oft …” „… abgestufte Arbeitsschritte mit jeweils unterschiedlichen Fakturen.« [2] Ist das Material noch plastisch und …”

1 Einleitung S. 11-16

„… Oberfläche. Viele Menschen entdecken das archaische Material mit seinen mineralischen und pflanzlichen …” „… Bis zur Energiekrise in den 1970ern wurde das seit Jahrtausenden sichtbar gestaltete Material (Kap …” „… kann, geben die heute so rein erhältlichen Erdpig mente (Kap. 9.6). Im Stampflehm ist das Material in …”

5 Lehmoberflächen in Innenräumen S. 75-88

„… über regionale Lehme und deren Verar beitbarkeit abgebrochen ist, gilt es, sich Material kenntnisse …” „… Material wird erforscht. Die Sorptionsfähigkeit als raumklimatischer Aspekt wird untersucht. Die …” „… Farbigkeit und das Material aber auf Interesse stoßen, werden Lehmfarben und –streichputze entwickelt …”

7 Lehmputze: Ausführungstechniken S. 95-108

„… Material, so können diese Bereiche evtl. mit Putzträgern und Lehmputz oder Lehmputz mit Gewebeeinlagen so …” „… wünscht. Sie verbinden das Material eher mit ei ner leicht welligen Oberfläche. Auch in der Denk …” „… auf Lehmputzen Tabelle 2 Oberflächen auf Lehmputzen. Beschichtung Material Anstriche Lehm , Kalk …”

11 Meilensteine S. 189-269

„… neuen Kunst hauses bildet. Klinker wurde deshalb gewählt, weil es das Material des Wiederaufbaus ist …” „… immer noch relativ wenig bekannten Material gearbeitet und in seiner Werk statt viel mit ihm …” „… . Schon jetzt optimiert der Lehmputz die Material beschaffenheit der Bauteile hinsichtlich ihrer Wär me …”

2 Grundlagen S. 17-28

„… dem bildsamen Material wird eine feste und formbeständige Masse. Auf diesem einfachen Weg lassen …” „… Zerkleinerung des Materials. Mit abneh mender Korngröße ist der mechanische Zerkleine rungsprozess immer …” „… Materialien sind bei Holl, Ziegert [4] und Minke, bezogen auf eine Materialdicke von 15 mm (Wandbekleidung …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-10

„… , Material, Oberfläche 129 Manfred Speidel 9.1 Lob des Lehms – Lehm in Japan 129 Sylvie Wheeler 9.2 …”

10 Stand der Technik S. 171-188

„… dere Mörtel, u. a. aufgrund der geringen Spannun gen, die das Material aufbaut. Der Handlungsbe darf …” „… Architekten und Planer kurz dargestellt. Sie können sowohl im Material als auch in der handwerklichen …” „… Versuchskonsistenz bei der Probekörperherstellung ** Die Eignung des Materials für die jeweilige Beanspruchung ist …”

Literatur und Bildnachweise S. 270-276

„… ] Kitajima, Sakithito et al.: Analysis of the Bacterial Community Found in Clay Wall Material Used in the …” „… : Inszenierte Materialität – Staged Materiality. Daidalos 56, 1995, S. 41 [11] McCloud, Kevin: Der schöne …” „… : Farbe, Material, Oberfläche 9.1 [1] Jun’ichiro, Tanizaki: Lob des Schattens. Zürich: Manesse, 1987, S …”

Sachverzeichnis S. 282-

„… Materialspannung 145 Materialsprache 122 Mauerwerk 203 Maukprozess 64, 142 Mehrschichtverbundrohr 41 …” „… Material) 242 persisches Gewölbe 206 Photovoltaikanlage 194 Pigment 100 Pisétechnik 244 Planungssicherheit …”

3 Bauphysik S. 29-50

„… sie in Abhängigkeit des Materials zu ei nem Teil absorbiert, das heißt, der Körper er wärmt sich …” „… tels, des Rohrquerschnitts und materials, des Verlegeabstands der Leitungen und der Wärme …” „… Dämpfe aus Materialien, Mikroorganismen, Ra dongas). Wenn produzierte Feuchte nicht genügend abge …”

4 Nachhaltigkeit S. 51-74

„… Lehmbau vor allem in der Trocknungsphase nach Verarbeitung des Materials. Deshalb ist es wichtig alle am …” „… Materialeigenschaften und Er höhung der Festigkeit der Bauteile nach der Ver arbeitung wurde beispielsweise Kuhdung …” „… unterschiedliche materialspezifische Grundbelastungen für einzelne Gruppen von Lehmbauprodukten. Berücksichtigt …”

6 Moderne Rezepturen S. 89-94

„… torisch wurden dazu Lehme mit Sand gemagert und weitere natürliche Materialien verwendet: Ei weiße etwa …” „… Materialien auch gewor ben. Dann ist etwa von einem Tonputz die Rede, der besonders gute Eigenschaften haben …” „… Naturmaterial – nicht nur von einer materialgerechten Ästhetik her frag würdig. Hydrophil oder hydrophob …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783816787686

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Land.Technik AgEng 2017

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2300 2017

Results in this title

N. Butts, B. Schleusner, M. Bremer Material and Distribution Sensor (MADS) for Combine Material Flow – How to design and build a low-cost material sensor S. 591-598

„… Material and Distribution Sensor (MADS) for Combine Material Flow How to design and build a …” „… low-cost material sensor Nick Butts (M.S.), Bradley Schleusner (B.S.), Dr. Marshall Bremer, Appareo …” „… utilize large test stands that provide a snapshot of combine performance. The Material and Distribution …”

M. L. Bilde, T. T. Revsbeck Optimized material flow and cleaning capacity with new return pan system in a combine harvester S. 105-110

„… Optimized material flow and cleaning capacity with new return pan system in a combine harvester …” „… delivered to the cleaning system. First of all, the more evenly the material is distributed across the …” „… width of the cleaning system, the more even the fluidization of the material layer that can be …”

D. Hermann, F. Schøler, M. L. Bilde, N. A. Andersen, O. Ravn Design of Laboratory Environment for Development of Cleaning System Automation S. 485-490

„… recirculating the biomass material any combination of these occurring in an actual field can be simulated in …” „… sieve openings in a combine harvester cleaning system requires extensive test with material collection …” „… for system modelling as well as sensor and control scheme verification. Acquiring material samples …”

A. Yatskul, J.-P. Lemiere Reasons of irregularity of seed’s distribution in the divider heads of air-seeders S. 337-344

„… air-delivery system, for transporting the metered seeding material from a main storage hopper to the soil …” „… accuracy of the seeding material between the seed rows is evaluated with a coefficient variation …” „… velocity and the material flow rate) and elbow on the seed’s distribution accuracy. The complete study is …”

S. Pantke, C. Korn, T. Herlitzius, R. Zürn Concept for Weed Seed Separation in Combine Harvesters Th. Leonhardt, S. 117-126

„… material) VDI-Berichte Nr. 2300, 2017 117 A very promissing way to minimize weed pressure is to reduce …” „… remaining seeds in the residue stream from the MOG (material other than grain). Fig. 1: Number of …” „… find a technique of separating weed seeds from MOG (material other than grain) in the harvester with …”

T. Herlitzius, R. Hübner, A. Günther, C. Korn, S. Kirstein, S. Müller, J. Miunske Sensor study to identify process characteristics of crop and air flow in a combine harvester S. 583-590

„… material flow and machine settings, calibration is only valid for current conditions and machine …” „… following: no obstacle to the material flow, scanning of a larger portion of the material flow instead …” „… characteristics (density of material flow and local air velocity), reflecting internal combine states instead …”

K. Lüpping New Techniques for Mobile Pelletisation S. 375-382

„… presses are equipped with ring cavities, others have flat ones. One or more rollers push the material …” „… cut, shredded and finally pellets are produced. The new technique allows to collect material directly …” „… [1]. At that time, pellets were produced by means of two rollers. One roller pushed the material …”

D. Hermann, F. Schøler, M. L. Bilde, N. A. Andersen, O. Ravn Computer based Control of the Separation Process in a Combine Harvester S. 599-604

„… often ignored. Advances within sensor technologies and material flow models have procured a potential …” „… top of the clean grain elevator measuring the relationship of broken kernels and materials other than …” „… multiple rotor speed actuator curves, similar to Fig. 1b, obtained from material samples or averaged GQS …”

K. J. Shinners, J. C. Friede, J. R. McAfee, D. E. Flick, N. C. Lacy, C. M. Nigon Conventional and Novel, New Approaches to Creating High-Density Biomass Bales S. 367-374

„… size and weight. After densification, there may be sufficient dwell time available for material …” „… stress relaxation, allowing the material to lose some of its resiliency before the bale is restrained [9 …” „… restraining material to be used. In our research, recompressing LSBe produced re-expanded bale densities of …”

C. Korn, T. Herlitzius Coupled CFD-DEM simulation of separation process in combine harvester cleaning devices S. 199-210

„… , Institute of Natural Materials Technology, Technical University of Dresden Abstract The present paper …” „… – Discrete Element Method) for the simulation of the separation process of grain and material other than …” „… material and the particular harvesting conditions. In most cases, these particles are non-spherical. A …”

R. Pecenka, D. Ehlert, T. Hoffmann Field performance of a novel mower-chipper for the harvest of short rotation coppices S. 383-390

„… major differences in the effective material capacity (EMC) between forage harvester based solutions and …” „… ) Harvest with forage harvester D) Use for materials Fig. 1: Process chain for cut-and-chip harvest …” „… been analysed and compared in season 2015/2016. Materials and Methods The different machine …”

K. Wild, T. Schmiedel, D. Geißler, J. Rottmeier A hand-held measuring device for identifying the sharpness of knives in agricultural machinery S. 497-504

„… agriculture cutting processes play an important role. Material is chopped intensively especially during …” „… insulation thicknesses and insulation materials were compared. A large amount of influencing parameters on …” „… material until it reaches the conductor in the wire at s = 0.84 mm. All this makes it necessary to analyze …”

F. Balbach, E. Nacke, S. Böttinger Method for load-based evaluation of machines using the example of a tractor S. 521-528

„… monitoring lead to better material usage and result in higher up-time rates. At the same time condition …” „… standardized material testing. By applying periodic loads with equal amplitudes the number of load cycles to …” „… material failure can be determined. The repetition of this testing procedure with increasing amplitude …”

H. Vöcking, C. Heitmann, A. Wilken Automatic Adjustments of Combine Harvesters S. 99-104

„… the losses or the cleanliness of the material that reaches the grain tank. All these values are …” „… sensors are needed. For most of the objectives like losses or the amount of material in the returns the …” „… though not the complete material is captured on the pictures. The fast processing and evaluation of the …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVII

„… material flow and cleaning capacity with new 105 T. T. Revsbeck return pan system in a combine harvester B …” „… . Miunske N. Butts, Material and Distribution Sensor (MADS) for Combine 591 B. Schleusner, Material Flow …” „… – How to design and build a low-cost material M. Bremer sensor D. Hermann, Computer based Control of …”

Á. Kovács, I. J. Jóri, G. Kerényi A new discrete element model (DEM) for maize S. 211-218

„… materials (stalks and stems) and machine parts. Our study focuses on the developing of a new discrete …” „… predict the interactions among fibrous agricultural materials (stalks and stems) and machine parts. A …” „… cob and kernels were separately defined. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2300, 2017212 3. Materials and methods …”

F. Peters, H. Korte, R. Bölling Modelling method for analyzing grain harvesting concepts S. 219-226

„… material transformation are considered. Since harvesting process chains are similar to industrial process …” „… . Variant modules of this subsystem express the behavior of material handling. In general, crop flow …” „… material transformation as well as the ground drive and system parts. During harvesting (1) the threshing …”

J. Berberich, M. Huth, A. Feiffer, R. Tölle, U. Schmidt Online determination of hectolitre mass during threshing by analyzing air-filled pore volume in grain fills S. 491-496

„… determine the weights or shapes of porous materials or fillings but their cavities. [4] These cavities can …” „… help to get information about the components of a filling without weighing. Materials and methods …”

M. Peeters, V. Kloster, T. Fedde, L. Frerichs Integrated wheel load measurement for tractors S. 423-430

„… material, surface hardened and it should be degaussed for a less noisy signal along the circumferential …” „… . Residual magnetization in the material downgrades the quality of the induced magnetic field and the …”

J. Schroeter, W. Angermair, S. Pauli Real-time View and Documentation of Manufacturer Independent Machine Data S. 149-156

„… present agricultural data streams in a genuine real-time view. Material and Methods: The paper …”

B. Broholm, A. Morrison Combine Harvester Concave Adjustment System – Independent adjustment of the concave inlet and outlet clearance S. 111-116

„… a release function which engages in the event a large lump of material or a foreign object is …”

J. Redenius, M. Dingwerth, A. Ruckelshausen, J. Hertzberg, T. Krause, B. Kettelhoit A multilevel simulation framework for highly automated harvest processes enabled by environmental sensor systems S. 157-164

„… integration up to machine cooperation. 2. Materials and Methods 2.1 Multilevel Simulation Since …”

S. Meyer, M. Liebich, P. Martella Counting seeds in air seeders zu Hoberge, S. 323-328

„… strengths differ even more because the impact angles and VDI-Berichte Nr. 2300, 2017 325 the material …”

D. Hast, B. Rosenbaum Predict the unpredictable – Benefits and limits of machine data analytics and component health prediction S. 529-536

„… material fatigue curves. The correlation of load data with geographical information allows for geomapping …”

K. T. Renius 75 Conferences on Agricultural Engineering – a great Period of Innovations – Highlights of a Success Story S. 1-8

„… Institute of Agricultural Machinery at Technical University Berlin [4] with affiliated RKTL Material Test …”

J. Sonnen, J. Möller The Technical Concept of a Manufacturer-Independent Web-Based Data Exchange Platform for the Agricultural Sector S. 73-78

„… materials, agricultural trading sector etc.) to provide their digital products on the platform. Within the …”

G. M. Sharipov, D. S. Paraforos, H. W. Griepentrog, C. Gall Defining the dynamic performance of a no-till seeder by measuring the geo-referenced seeding depth S. 329-336

„… comparing its results with the measurements of the ground truth seeding depth (hypocotyl). Materials and …”

L. Meyer, P. Noyer Holistic Tractor Setup and Optimization System – CLAAS Electronic Machine Optimization for the Tractor S. 185-190

„… implement applications. The applications were grouped into arable farming, forage production, material …”

F. Hantschack, R. Rahmfeld, J. Bagusch, A. Meyer, E. Dohm Development of a high performance continuously variable drive for mobile agricultural and construction machinery S. 315-322

„… material handling at the same time. A high traction force, efficient driving at high speeds and good …”

M. K. Sørensen, M. Beyer, O. Jensen, O. N. Bakharev, N. C. Nielsen, T. Nyord On-line monitoring of nutrients (NPK) in liquid manure by a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) sensor installed at a slurry spreader S. 545-552

„… before measurement. Material and method The essential parts of the NMR sensor for NPK monitoring is …”

B. E. Craker, R. A. Ferreyra, C. Graumans, U. Kaempf, M. Nachtmann, S. T. Rhea, F. Schuster, J. A. Wilson Reference Data and Collaborative Identifier Sharing in Agricultural Field Operations S. 165-174

„… ). Recommendation 21 / Rev 2: Codes for Passengers, Types of Cargo, Packages and Packaging Materials (with …”

P. Hannukainen, R. Åman Biomethane as tractor fuel – Opportunities for customer, manufacturer or climate S. 355-366

„… produced by fossil fuel. Additionally, agrochemicals use many raw materials that have limited natural …”

A. Johannes, M. Seitz Automatic plant disease diagnosis using mobile capture devices S. 39-60

„… importance for the crop. 3. Materials & Methods In order to develop an algorithm capable of distinguishing …”

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Plastics in Automotive Engineering PIAE EUROPE

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2343 2019

Results in this title

C. Schütz, L. Lewerdomski, E. Körner, C. Winkelmann Sustainable materials for the interior parts S. 5-16

„… Sustainable materials for the interior Dr. rer. nat. C. Schütz, L. Lewerdomski M.Sc., Dr. Ing. E …” „… of waste products. To get a deeper understanding of what sustainable materials are, the meaning of …” „… forestry and expanded in the 20th century into other fields. From a material scientific point of view …”

D. Degenhardt, L. Greve Elasto-viscoplastic temperature-dependent material model for a talc-filled PP/PE copolymer S. 57-76

„… Elasto-viscoplastic temperature-dependent material model for a talc-filled PP/PE copolymer …” „… crash-relevant phenomena of unreinforced polymers a temperature- and rate-dependent material model with a …” „… hypo-elastic formulation has been implemented on the basis of the modular material model (MMM) of Volkswagen …”

M. Schneider, A. Cordella Antimicrobial treatment of textiles and decorative materials for passenger transport and car-sharing concepts S. 29-42

„… Antimicrobial treatment of textiles and decorative materials for passenger transport and …” „… Abstract Studies have shown that textile surfaces and decorative materials are very quickly attacked by …” „… with the environment are usually materials of synthetic or natural origin. Examples are textile fiber …”

M. Gross, M. Oehm, M. Richter, G. Oberhofer Integrative crash simulation of short- fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (SFRT) – Investigation of phenomenologically based material modeling S. 97-114

„… phenomenologically based material modeling M. Gross, BMW Group, Munich; M. Oehm, M. Richter, G. Oberhofer …” „… material properties are highly dependent on the local fiber distribution and the markedness of anisotropy …” „… different modeling approaches is introduced using the phenomenologically motivated, modular material model …”

J. Beck, S. Hofmann, R. Kupfer, A. Liebsch, M. Gude Multi-Material-Design für die automobile Großserie – Faserverbund-Hohlprofile und Spritzgieß-Knotenstrukturen in einem Prozess S. 163-184

„… Multi-Material-Design für die automobile Großserie Faserverbund-Hohlprofile und …” „… several alternatives to reducing car weight such as: using lighter materials, increasing functionality of …” „… components and innovations in the car system design, and so on. The employment of new lightweight materials …”

T. Wagner New testing techniques as a support for innovations in plastics development – Material testing as a building-block of product development S. 325-336

„… high-speed camera The material-dependent load limits are subsequently determined by an evaluation of the …” „… New testing techniques as a support for innovations in plastics development Material testing as …” „… paper examines influences from material development (for example, the use of flame retardants) and the …”

J. Beck, S. Hofmann, R. Kupfer, A. Liebsch, M. Gude Multi-material design for automotive large-scale production – Fiber-composite hollow sections and injection-molding node structures in a single process S. 151-162

„… tailored properties as well as by utilizing material-inherent anisotropies they have an outstanding …” „… [Material-compatible joining systems for structural components in mixed construction], 7th Chemnitz Bodywork …” „… Multi-material design for automotive large-scale production Fiber-composite hollow sections and …”

T. Bröker, N. van Riel, G. Slik, Berend Hoek 30% weight savings and process improvement with a new ABS-LGF alloy material replacing metal for an instrument carrier, enabling a high dimensionally stable part S. 533-552

„… 30% weight savings and process improvement with a new ABS-LGF alloy material replacing metal for …” „… , DRÄXLMAIER Group, Material and Process Technology Expert, Vilsbiburg; Norwin van Riel, M.Sc., Technical …” „… closely together with their raw material supplier Trinseo in the development of an instrument carrier …”

T. Wagner Neue Prüftechniken als Stütze für Innovationen in der Kunststoffentwicklung – Materialprüfung als Baustein der Produktentwicklung S. 337-348

„… Materialien und Materialkombinationen getestet werden kann, wird sichergestellt, dass bereits in der frühen …” „… komplexere Material- und Bauteiltests entwickelt oder adaptiert werden. Nachfolgend werden beispielhaft der …” „… Probekörpergeometrie eine korrekte Krafteinleitung in das zu prüfende Material, als auch die Vermeidung einer …”

D. Degenhardt, L. Greve Elasto-viskoplastisches temperaturabhängiges Materialmodell für ein Talkum-gefülltes PP/PE Copolymer S. 77-96

„… hypo-elastischem Ansatz auf Basis des Modularen Material Modells (MMM) der Volkswagen Konzernforschung formuliert …” „… unstiffened polymers a temperature- and rate-dependent material model with a hypo-elastic formulation has …” „… been implemented on the basis of the modular material model (MMM) of the Volkswagen Group Research …”

C. Schütz, L. Lewerdomski, E. Körner, C. Winkelmann Nachhaltige Materialien für das Interieur S. 17-28

„… what sustainable materials are, the meaning of the term sustainability will be explained which was …” „… fields. From a material scientific point of view, this means the necessity of researching environmentally …” „… compatible resources and material concepts, the definition of which is particularly oriented in the …”

C. Gundlach, S. Hartwig, M. Mannig, K. Dilger, M. Menzel, P. Lück Application of a hybrid test specimen for designing potting compounds in automotive electric-drive motors S. 201-216

„… and crack propagation speeds can thus be determined in a material-specific way. To test the fatigue …” „… 3: |∆α| ratios for all material-insert combinations in ∙ at 25°C Insert (α …” „… with the material-specific processing parameters and a maximum performance of the materials. The …”

S. Glaser, A. Wonisch, D. Fertig Thermomechanical simulation of glass-fiber-reinforced plastic components with Ultrasim® S. 115-132

„… . With a novel modeling approach based on BASF's own material modeling software Ultrasim® and also with …” „… high demands on the material models and simulation programs used. Not only the temperature but also …” „… 90s on the development of special material models under the umbrella designation of Ultrasim® with a …”

S. Bürger, A. Kaplangiray, K.-U. Lichi Automotive interior decorative bezels in the 2K reverse grain overmolding manufacturing process S. 373-388

„… overmolding manufacturing process (hereafter '2K reverse injection') takes the approach of reducing material …” „… consisting of employees of the plastics processor, of the material manufacturer and of the toolmakers under …” „… material costs due to the use of the film. 2K injection molding has been used for years in the vehicle …”

D. Häffelin Tape technology in automotive serial production application Process and component for local control of anisotropy S. 185-192

„… materials makes it possible to solve conflicts amongst the objectives of cost, weight and mechanical …” „… it the demand for higher values in material parameters. The focus here is on continuous fiber …” „… along the full dimension of the component. Here the fibers are fixed in place by a second material, the …”

J. Götzelmann, M. Benitez, S. Adler, P. Petera Implementation of MuCell® in series production S. 513-522

„… production by BMW and Magna. In other words, the tool material, hot runner, mechanical elements and cooling …” „… prevented. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2343, 2019 515 Fig. 3: Compact areas In the material selection process …” „… material can be foamed much better and due to its glass fiber content achieves mechanical values …”

G. Burk, J. Boës, C. Köhler, J. Werner Porsche 911 Turbo carbon wheel S. 407-418

„… challenges to be met. The implementation of a material-specific technical styling and the resulting wide …” „… material-specific technical styling. For metal wheels this means slender, high spokes, possibly involving …” „… characteristic black high-tech material carbon shows to great advantage under a protective layer of clear …”

P. Malzkorn, R. Apfelbeck New design opportunities for the aerodynamic and acoustic optimization of the underbody in fully electrified vehicles S. 431-440

„… economic potential. Due to the very high material procurement costs of the HV battery, a powerful lever for …” „… underbody [1] VDI-Berichte Nr. 2343, 2019 433 Furthermore, the Audi e-tron uses new material concepts for …” „… front underbody panel is made of an LWRT material that expands even more than other materials …”

L. Meistermann, C. Chaut, M. Nieder A new generation of quieter air ducts – Towards a silent HVAC system S. 461-470

„… composite material. It is a three-layer material that combines semi-structural and acoustic properties …” „… . Then, when it is heated up, the material can be formed to create complex parts such as air ducts (Fig …” „… . 1). Furthermore, because it is a mixture of different thermoplastic polymers, the materials can be …”

S. Glaser, A. Wonisch, D. Fertig Thermomechanische Simulation von glasfaserverstärkten Kunststoff-Bauteilen mit Ultrasim® S. 133-150

„… Versagensmechanismen [3]. Messung der Materialeigenschaften Zur Charakterisierung eines Materials müssen die zuvor …” „… das Material weicher wird. Das Materialmodell weist also das gewünschte Verhalten auf und kann nun …” „… Materialmodellierungs-Software Ultrasim® sowie einer integrativen Simulationskette kann das thermomechanische Verhalten präzise …”

W. Kornsteiner, F. Lim, H. Heitkamp, H. Traut Optimized MuCell design with FEA support of a crash-relevant functional part with high requirements for surface quality S. 553-566

„… . Characterization of materials is increasingly demanded for calculations involving thermoplastic materials and has …” „… early as the design phase optimized with regard to material consumption. The lack of material models …” „… hindered designs which were optimized with regard to material consumption or even made them impossible …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-IX

„… assurance l Simulation and process technology l Material innovations and lightweight design Top topics …” „… process technology Material innovations and lightweight design Preflight Lx3 am März 8, 2019 | 07:39:11 …” „… � � � � � �1 S. Tostar, Volvo Car Group, Gothenburg, Sweden Sustainable materials for the interior parts …”

S. Tostar Volvo Cars recycled plastics strategy – Kick-starting with a recycled-plastics demo car S. 1-4

„… , including the recyclers, material and component suppliers. The challenges in using recycled plastics in the …” „… friendly materials. The European Union (EU) has a plastics strategy which aims to use 10 million tonnes …” „… shows that Volvo Cars is taking the right steps towards increasing the amount of sustainable materials …”

A. Falke, M. Bohn, T. A. Osswald The systematic path to dimensionally stable plastic components – Differentiation of acceptance dimensions and utilization dimensions S. 277-300

„… metallic materials are shown in Fig. 1. All material properties are given in relation to steel, which has …” „… increase ∆T of 10 K for different materials. With a temperature increase of 10 K a plastic component 100 …” „… deformability in comparison with metal materials. Fig. 1 shows the considerable differences in the modulus of …”

M. Haverkamp Multisensory appearance of traditional and innovative surfaces – Optimal design for all senses S. 471-490

„… depends not only on geometrical and material-specific factors but in particular on the speed with which …” „… are characterized by innovative materials, by extended or switchable functionalities and by flexible …” „… areas that prospective buyers in the showroom like to touch in exploring the properties of materials …”

C. Kuhn, D. Klaiber, J. Altach Project ‚LehoMit-Hybrid‘: development of a highperformance car center tunnel in hybrid construction S. 453-456

„… lighter body parts in multi-material construction. The skilful combination of different materials means …” „… materials into a single component. Fig. 1: Design of the hybrid center tunnel compared to the reference …” „… with a vertical opening stroke (Figure 2), in which the various materials are joined in one process …”

S. Krömer Innovative processing of glass fiber grids in the injection-molding process S. 349-360

„… The concept of lightweight construction can be defined as the resource-efficient use of materials to …” „… meet design and strength-determining requirements. Here intelligent combinations of materials and …” „… addition to the lightweight construction materials available on the market (for example, organosheet …”

C. Gundlach, S. Hartwig, M. Mannig, K. Dilger, M. Menzel, P. Lück Anwendung eines hybriden Prüfkörpers zur Auslegung des Rotorvergusses in automobilen E-Maschinen S. 217-232

„… Material-Einleger-Kombination in ∙ bei 25°C Einleger (α) Verguss (α) Aluminium (23,50) Kupfer (17,70) Stahl …” „… Material-Einleger-Kombination mindestens 12 Prüfkörper hergestellt. Zur Verringerung der Eigenspannungen im fertigen Prüfkörper …” „… Material-Einleger-Kombination von unter 3 % auf und lässt einen Vergleich der Ergebnisse untereinander zu. Bild 8: Boxplot …”

M. Haverkamp Multisensorische Anmutung traditioneller und innovativer Oberflächen – Optimale Gestaltung für alle Sinne S. 491-512

„… Eigenschaften von Material und Konstruktion untersucht werden. Dies können im Prinzip alle Bauteile sein, die …” „… werden: Zum Beispiel sollen die visuelle, haptische und auditive Anmutung auf das gleiche Material …” „… Material spürbar eingedrückt werden muss. Auch dazu müssen die Oberflächeneigenschaften, die in …”

J. Götzelmann, M. Benitez, S. Adler, P. Petera Umsetzung von MuCell® in der Serie S. 523-532

„… getestet und PP/GF festgelegt. Dieses Material lässt sich wesentlich besser aufschäumen und erreicht durch …” „… den Glasfaseranteil vergleichbare mechanische Werte zum in der Serie eingesetzten Material ABS. Die …” „… Versuchsreihe gestartet, in der man sich auf die Parameter Öffnungshub, Gasbeladung und Material konzentriert …”

W. Kornsteiner, F. Lim, H. Heitkamp, H. Traut MuCell gerechte Bauteiloptimierung mit FEA Unterstützung am Beispiel eines crashrelevanten Funktionsbauteils mit hohen Anforderungen an die Oberflächenqualität S. 567-X

„… in der Konstruktionsphase materialverbrauchsoptimiert auszulegen. Fehlende Materialmodelle zur …” „… . Schlussendlich haben diese Bauteilkonstruktionen das Potential bis zu 30 % Material einzusparen, ohne an …” „… gesamten Erkenntnissen ist dann für ein Material (PA GF) die Bauteilstruktur optimiert worden. Diese …”

C. Kuhn, D. Klaiber, J. Altach Projekt LehoMit-Hybrid: Entwicklung eines hochleistungsfähigen PKW-Mitteltunnels in Hybridbauweise S. 457-460

„… leichteren Karosseriebauteilen in Multi-Material-Bauweise voranzutreiben. Durch die geschickte Kombination …” „… verschiedener Materialen können integrale Bauteilkonzepte entstehen, die sich gegenüber Bauteilen in …” „… verschiedenen Material- und Herstellungsparameter gefertigt, die im weiteren Projektverlauf in …”

P. Malzkorn, R. Apfelbeck Neue Gestaltungsmöglichkeiten zur aerodynamischen und akustischen Optimierung des Unterbodens bei vollelektrifizierten Fahrzeugen S. 441-452

„… Materialstärke von 18 mm darstellen. Die Struktur des Materials, welche zusätzliche Luftkammern im Verbund …” „… Weiterhin erreicht man eine erhöhte Biegesteifigkeit des Materials, die auf die erhöhte Wandstärke …” „… Einsatz kommen hier jeweils akustisch Wirksame LWRT- Materialien in verschiedenen Materialgrammaturen …”

S. Bürger, A. Kaplangiray, K.-U. Lichi Automobile Innenraum Zierblenden im 2 Komponenten-Umkehr-Textur-Überspritz- Herstellungsverfahren S. 389-406

„… umfangreiche Materialuntersuchungen. Ziel war es, miteinander zu verarbeitende Materialkombinationen zu finden …” „… sollte der Effekt der Scherung und deren Einfluss auf die Viskosität der Materialen gezeigt werden. Die …” „… den Einfluss der Grenzschichtscherung und somit die Viskosität des zuletzt eingebrachten Materials …”

S. Krömer Innovative Verarbeitung von Glasfasergittern im Spritzgussprozess S. 361-372

„… Strang können Rückschlüsse auf die Serientauglichkeit von Material und Prozess gezogen werden. Bild …” „… 2: Entwicklungsstruktur für Glasfasergitter im Spritzguss 3. Material und Verarbeitung Die …” „… ). Tabelle 1: Glasfaseranteil unterschiedlich verstärkter FVK-Platten Material Glasfaseranteil wt …”

M. Trenktrog, C. Massonet, J. Ludwig, D. Backes Design and validation of functionally integrated interior components for energy-efficient vehicle cabin heating S. 233-254

„… account, which require a compromise in the choice of materials for the system components. In …” „… , although a material constant, can still be influenced within certain limits by the manufacturing process …” „… considerations will show that safety-relevant requirements restrict the material selected for the heating …”

A. Falke, M. Bohn, T. A. Osswald Der systematische Weg zu maßhaltigen Kunststoffbauteilen – Differenzierung zwischen Abnahmemaßen und Anwendungsmaßen S. 301-324

„… Bauteils (L0) bei einer Temperaturerhöhung ∆T um 10 K in Abhängigkeit des Materials. Ein 100 mm langes …” „… Materials verantwortlich. Nachschwindung resultiert aus nachträglichen Veränderungen der molekularen und …” „… - und Nachschwindung von Kunststoffen Material Verarbeitungsschwindung Nachschwindung PA 6 (Polyamid 6 …”

G. Burk, J. Boës, C. Köhler, J. Werner Porsche 911 Turbo Carbon Rad S. 419-430

„… des Materials. Darüber hinaus wurde die Bremsscheiben-, Bremsscheibentopf und …” „… Temperaturbeständigkeit, gab es weitere Herausforderungen zu erfüllen. Die Umsetzung eines materialspezifischen …” „… die Umsetzung eines materialspezifischen, technischen Stylings. Bei metallischen Rädern bedeutet dies …”

M. Schneider, A. Cordella Antimikrobielle Ausstattung von Textilien und Dekormaterialien für Personentransport und Carsharing Konzepte S. 43-56

„… eigentlich immer durch Diffusionsvorgänge in der Umgebung eines damit dotierten Materials eine Region …” „… stehenden Oberflächen in Fahrzeugen sind üblicherweise Materialien synthetischen oder natürlichen Ursprungs …”

D. Häffelin Tape-Technologie in der automobilen Serienanwendung – Prozess und Bauteil zur lokalen Steuerung der Anisotropie S. 193-200

„… Anspruch nach höheren Materialkennwerten. Endlosfaserverbundwerkstoffe stehen im Fokus. Nachfolgender …” „… einen zweiten Werkstoff, der Matrix, fixiert. Die spezifischen Materialkennwerte der Faser führen zum …” „… zunehmender Stückzahl nähern sich die Bauteilkosten asymptotisch den Materialkosten an. Somit koppelt sich …”

M. Trenktrog, C. Massonet, J. Ludwig, D. Backes Auslegung und Validierung funktionsintegrierter Interieurbauteile zur energieeffizienten Fahrzeugbeheizung S. 255-276

„… Kompromiss bei der Materialauswahl für die Systemkomponenten erfordern. In entsprechenden Simulationen kann …” „… ebenso zielführend wie die Steigerung des Emissionsgrads, der zwar eine Materialkonstante ist, jedoch …” „… Materialauswahl der Heizelemente auf Kunststoffe limitieren. Diese verfügen grundsätzlich bereits über einen …”

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International Conference on Gears 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2355 2019

Results in this title

R. Ratnagiri, M. Kato, H. Kuchelka Advances in polyacetal materials for gears S. 1357-1366

„… Advances in Polyacetal Materials for Gears Ram Ratnagiri, Makoto Kato, Hans Kuchelka …” „… high molecular weight resins, are a preferred material of choice for gears due to their fatigue and …” „… , material behaviour under controlled conditions and the effect of temperature and loading environment needs …”

J. Cathelin Material data for advanced plastic gear simulation S. 1335-1344

„… Material Data for Advanced Plastic Gear Simulation Julien Cathelin, Application Technology …” „… than ever when selecting plastic materials for their gear applications. However, the task is not easy …” „… lack of material data availability and a lack of material characterization guidelines for gear …”

C. Chevrel-Fraux, R. Fargere, J. Bruyere, P. Velex Modelling of high power geared transmissions, introduction of a filling material S. 903-914

„… Modelling of high power geared transmissions, introduction of a filling material PhD …” „… The main objective of this paper is to analyse the effects of the introduction of a filling material …” „… and bearings and the degrees of freedom which interact with the filling material. The substructure is …”

E. Lothman, L. Kamjou, E. Claesson Gear performance beyond current standards – Implementing increased material fatigue performance in gears S. 915-924

„… Gear performance beyond current standards Implementing increased material fatigue performance in …” „… using material cleanliness as a solution when other processes have already been added and optimized. It …” „… capacity of gears. When a combination of material, manufacturing and after treatments is optimized, higher …”

J.-A. Meis, F. Teklote, M. Borowski Simulation of the tooth root strength under consideration of material quality, finishing process and size effects S. 161-172

„… Simulation of the tooth root strength under consideration of material quality, finishing process …” „… assessment based on material and production data using a probabilistic approach. This model can be regarded …” „… influence of wall thickness on material parameters like the hardness. The factor can be computed as a …”

H.-W. Raedt, T. Wurm, A. Busse Lightweight forging initiative III: transmission lightweighting potential based on design and material concepts in a split-axle hybrid vehicle and a heavy-duty truck S. 1777-1786

„… years. The improved possibilities offered by material-flow simulation enable the forging of …” „… Material Concepts in a Split-Axle Hybrid Vehicle and a Heavy-Duty Truck Dr.-Ing. Hans-Willi Raedt …” „… Material Innovations Modern, high-strength steels can make a significant and cost-efficient contribution …”

B. Gierl, D. Drummer spur gears S. 1367-1378

„… Abstract Today spur gears made from thermoplastic materials permanently enter new fields of …” „… still challenges, e.g. their low operating temperature and their temperature dependent material …” „… properties. There are several ways to uplift gear performance: Material modifications with glass or carbon …”

J. Tavčar, J. Kos, D. Zorko, J. Duhovnik A multi-criteria polymer gears design optimisation procedure S. 1473-1484

„… materials, and the complex relations between geometric and operating parameters. The national standards (BS …” „… selecting a tribological compatible polymeric material for the gear and pinion. Metal gears have valid …” „… guideline still has only a limited number of material data available. In the scope of this publication the …”

A. Kubo, M. Nagae, K. Kawasaki Japanese standardization for gear steel qualification via evaluation of HV-scattering S. 893-902

„… of the target steel. In this paper, some examples for good and bad raw steel material, for heat …” „… introduced. 1. Introduction The probability of material problem causing gear failure looks increasing since …” „… purchasing department of gear material is “Why we pay much money for the same steel”. To check the real …”

J. Hoffmeister, J. Hermes Optimized tooth root strength by controlled shot peening S. 137-148

„… . Jörg Hermes, SEW-Eurodrive, Bruchsal Abstract Beside modified materials and adapted heat …” „… , a wellknown material quality and a controlled heat treatment. Only if these three requirements …” „… (material, heat treatment and shot peening) are balanced the quality of the generated skin layer state can …”

A. Kubo Influence of stressed volume of tooth flank on the surface durability S. 15-24

„… to TP). The same position of the TP, that means same material volume, receives the intended stress …” „… . That means the material that is subjected to check the fatigue durability is definitive. The SN curve …” „… definite material receives the intended repetitive stress history until it will be fatigue damaged. This …”

A. Weis, T. Deliktas, M. Liewald, N. Missal Cold forging of gear components by a modified Samanta process S. 1765-1776

„… allow to systematically control the material flow in subsequent forming operations. For this reason, the …” „… the Guided Material Flow – Samanta (GMF - Samanta) process enables efficient cold forging of gears …” „… new Guided Material Flow - Samanta process results into a significant reduction of punch force and …”

K. Smrczkova Wear resistant plastics – Bespoke plastic compounds for plastic gears S. 1345-1356

„… protect compounds and the fillers which are used to improve wear resistance of plastic materials …” „… towards metallic materials leads to reduction of the over-all mass and is very interesting for …” „… highest application temperature with up to 240°C. This material has a high crystallinity and high surface …”

N. C. Ecke, A. K. Schlarb, J. Holler, Jan Niedermeyer, P. Klein Thermal simulation of anisotropic PEEK-based tribocomposites S. 1411-1420

„… materials enjoy ever-increasing popularity due to their excellent dry-running and damping capabilities. To …” „… achieve good tribological properties and taylor the plastic materials to specific applications it is …” „… to determine the temperature distributions in polymer-based tribosystems. Hybrid materials pose a …”

M. Uhlig, C. Pastor Simulation tool-chain for plastic gear design S. 1453-1460

„… adequate design and material selection. All components are highly integrated and differ from common design …” „… gear design is studied less in-depth. Guidelines, such as VDI 2736 [3], recommend appropriate material …” „… non-uniform operating conditions. Specific plastic material characteristics are not yet considered, such as …”

E. Maier, T. Lohner, K. Stahl, P. Sperka, M. Hartl Detailed analyses of film thickness and friction in thermoplastic EHL contacts S. 1391-1400

„… characteristics of such elastohydrodynamically lubricated (EHL) contacts of thermoplastic material pairings are …” „… still largely unexplored. This ongoing study gives new insights into the effect of the material …” „… the bulk material. 1. Introduction Thermoplastic polymers can advance tribological properties of …”

H.-J. Dennig, S. Monn, A. Vodermayer Thermoplastic high performance composite gears S. 1279-1290

„… gears (GP) made of composite plate materials. The wheels produced in the CFM process have very good …” „… modes of plastic gears, materials, lubrication and manufacturing. Currently, the damage to plastic …” „… temperature of the material at the teeth is exceeded; more heat is added than dissipated. The tooth …”

B. van Wissen, M. Kanters, F. Mitsuzuka, K. Iwanaga, Ir. A. Hasanovic Predicting wear for high performance plastic gears S. 1323-1334

„… wear of plastic gears. The framework is demonstrated via a case study on an unfilled material, which …” „… wear require iterative wear analyses. 1. Introduction DSM is a global material and life science …” „… petrochemical material products and nutritional solutions. DSM Engineering Plastics (DEP) is one of DSM’s …”

J. Lohmiller, J. Hoffmeister, J. Hermes Conventional high-strength nodular graphite iron as a substitute for austempered ductile iron (ADI) S. 877-892

„… GmbH & Co. KG, Bruchsal Abstract Cast iron materials are becoming more widely used for large and …” „… the potential of these materials, an in-depth characterization of their mechanical properties is …” „… . The material was characterized by very fine nodular graphite. The material has been cast into …”

K. Humm, M.-S. Wirth, A. Linnemann, T. Schalk Determination of fatigue strength of plastic gears under consideration of environmental influences S. 1291-1298

„… , the development of plastic gears is more challenging. This is mainly due to the more complex material …” „… presents a method with which the complex material behavior can be determined cost-effectively with …” „… sufficient accuracy. It shows a material behavior which can be used in different calculation methods. These …”

B. Karpuschewski Detection of surface damages by non-destructive micromagnetic methods S. 1027-1038

„… . Prof. h. c. Dr. h. c. Dr. h. c. Bernhard Karpuschewski, Institute for Materials Engineering, Bremen …” „… interactions of different material parameters resulting from the heat treatment on the Barkhausen noise signal …” „… finished by discontinuous profile grinding and the influences of varying material and heat treatment …”

S. Matkovič, A. Pogačnik, M. Kalin Comparison between VDI 2736 wear calculation and experimentally obtained results S. 1311-1322

„… ]. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 2019 1311 However, there are differences between the material properties of polymers …” „… times lower than those of steel materials [2]. Additionally, the elastic modulus of polymer rapidly …” „… decreases with temperature. The thermal conductivity of polymer materials is also significantly lower (~100x …”

A. Spatzig, N. Fujimura, T. Monden, T. Kikuchi, K. Yoshikawa, A. Georgoussis Machining process solutions to support the reduction of distortion in ring gears after heat treatment S. 1635-1646

„… industrial level with the increase in machine rigidity/performance and the progress in tool material/coating …” „… for internal gears with material hardness HRC 30 and over and compares the Super Skiving process to …” „… additional machining time and grinding material. In this research study, we demonstrate how the use of the …”

B. J . Siewerin, T. Tobie, K. Stahl, A. Dobler Flank load carrying capacity of hard-soft gear pairings S. 173-184

„… experimental investigations with this combination of gear materials, a significant lower pitting load capacity …” „… basic materials industry (i.e. in drives of roller and ball mills, tube drums, rotary kilns or washing …” „… general, is a damage due to material fatigue, the lubrication conditions, too, have a major influence …”

F. Lubos, Z. Roth Bionic tooth root: fatigue testing and potential on gear units S. 47-56

„… the materials 18CrNiMo7-6 and 16MnCr5 and noise reduction potential on gear units. 1. Introduction …” „… steel 18CrNiMo7-6 is used as the gearing material for this tests. In addition to the influence of the …” „… modulus size, the influence of the material on the effectiveness of the bionic gearing to increase the …”

G.-T. Weber New possibilities for dry hard finishing of internal gears S. 1659-1664

„… material as well as quenched and tempered material. Due to increased demand for geometrical quality and …” „… clamping situation, the necessary stock is reduced to a minimum. These reduced amounts of machined material …” „… leads to increase load carrying capacity of the tooth flanks at a reduced cost for incoming material …”

A. Miltenović, M. Banić, V. Miltenović Prediction of heat generation of crossed axis gearbox S. 583-594

„… case of estimation of temperature distribution by changing material of gearbox housing. Based on …” „… 20 Wheel material CuSn12Ni2-C-GCB Worm material 16MnCr5 Speed 1500 min-1 Torque 12-32 Nm Oil …” „… determinate. This coefficient depends from a number of parameters such as used material. For determination of …”

P. H. O. Teixeira, C. Lopenhaus, C. Brecher, T. Bergs Discretization of the contact conditions considering the grain engagement for generating gear grinding S. 1739-1748

„… interaction between each grain and the material in the contact zone. However, current approaches for energy …” „… the investigation of the influence of the grains on the material removal behavior and the …” „… material. The engagement between grain and workpiece is a result of the combination of several parameters …”

R. Saito, K. Matsuo, Y. Suzuki Noise characteristics induced by micropitting formed on particle-based parkerized gears S. 69-78

„… and pitting occurs accompanied by the peeling off of large pieces of material. Even if the contact …” „… noise performance to worsen due to micropitting. The peeling off of material from the tooth flanks …” „… from these results that the pieces of material peeled from the fine-particle manganese phosphate …”

D. Fuchs, T. Tobie, K. Stahl, S. Schurer Investigations into non-metallic inclusion crack area characteristics relevant for tooth root fracture damages of case carburised and shot-peened high strength gears of different sizes made of high-qu... S. 287-300

„… developed improved materials with better properties, i.e. by means of improved alloy combinations or a …” „… in the tooth root area are more often initiated in the material matrix at nonmetallic inclusions (NMI …” „… local material strength ratio stress intensity factor inclusion acc. to Murakami (2) pulsator normal force or pinion …”

I. Bae, U. Kissling Comparison of strength ratings of plastic gears by VDI 2736 and JIS B 1759 – In vision of building a new international standard S. 1267-1278

„… mainly VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 2019 1267 stem from its unique material properties. Thus, the strength …” „… rating considering the special material properties of the plastics is necessary for the reliable design …” „… geometry and material. In addition, VDI is based on method C of DIN and JIS on method B of ISO …”

C. M. Illenberger, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Flank load carrying capacity of oil-lubricated high performance plastic gears – Analysis of the pitting development in back-to-back tests S. 1379-1390

„… under oil-lubricated conditions and the use of high-performance materials allow significant increases of …” „… not contain strength numbers for PEEK materials. Therefore, experimental investigations on the …” „… thermoplastic gear materials acc. to VDI 2736 [11]. PEEK (Polyetheretherketone) is a thermoplastic gear …”

N. Yildirim, M. Yasar, E. Yildirim, F. Erdogan, B. Karatas Experimental verification of improvements in static and fatigue bending capacity of spur gear tooth via tooth root design optimization S. 959-972

„… , needs some means like better material specs, better manufacturing quality, VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 2019 …” „… to minimum through use of standard gear materials and standard gear manufacturing processes, gears …” „… materials for partial gear models. The coordinates of the maximum stress points of both root shapes were …”

R. Weidig, H. J. Weimar Powertrain NVH improvement with high-performance polymer gears S. 1421-1430

„… material needs to meet several key engineering requirements in the application: Mechanical strength and …” „… there are many polymer materials that can meet one or two of the above-mentioned material requirements …” „… the only material that met the combination of all of them is i.e. a highperformance polymer PEEK …”

B. Brodmann, H. Bodschwinna Scattered light measurement on worm gears with high efficiency requirements S. 1567-1578

„… friction behaviour of the surfaces and the efficiency of gears. Critical are the material distribution of …” „… material distribution of the surface fineness you need not only the vertical properties (DIN EN ISO …” „… development. In addition to the material and lubricant properties, the geometry of the friction partners in …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVI

„… Simulation of the tooth root strength under consideration of material quality, finishing process and size …” „… & Materials, South Korea Dynamic models for planetary gearboxes SHM …” „… 867 C. Hegger, T. Krüger, J. Maas VDI, Technische Universität Berlin f Gear material Conventional …”

A. Pogačnik, U. Kissling Layout of profile modifications for symmetric and asymmetric plastic gears S. 1461-1472

„… elasticity modulus of plastic materials is approximatively 100 times lower compared to steel, resulting in …” „… competitive prices [1,2]. On the other hand, most plastic materials used for gears have moderate allowable …” „… eliminated by selecting a better plastic material, but usually this results in much higher price and/or more …”

K. Stahl Foreword S. 1-2

„… than 170 contributions. These contributions cover a wide range of applications, gear types, materials …” „… Nr. 2355, 2019 1 damping at minimal costs. High-performance plastic materials offer the opportunity …” „… of substantial improvements, but the limited knowledge about the performance of the material still …”

J. Klose, F. Zanger, V. Schulze Gear skiving of external gears with internally geared tools S. 1579-1590

„… high material removal rate [1, 2]. In hard machining of ball screws, whirling achieves a performance …” „… ]. The machined material is distributed by the number of teeth of the tool. More teeth means a reduced …” „… thickness, the feed can be increased by distributing the material removal to more teeth passing the …”

P. Barreiro, J. Hoffmeister, J. Hermes, A. Bronner New improvement opportunities through applying topology optimization combined with 3D printing to the construction of gearbox housings S. 1823-1834

„… materials, and the required equipment. So, the implementation of an additive manufacturing process on the …” „… the subsequent printing result. The most implemented materials are aluminum alloys, tool and …” „… stainless steel alloys [14]. 2. Gearbox, AM process and material selection Since additive manufacturing …”

V. Heuer, D. Bolton Lean heat treatment for distortion control S. 1749-1764

„… literature [Hee007]. Three different types of stress in the material contribute to distortion: Residual …” „… 32 mm, a weight of 4,2 kg, 59 external teeth and are made 4121M-material. The case hardening depth …” „… transmission has an outer diameter of 167 mm, 98 internal teeth and is made of 5130 material, see Fig. 8. The …”

H. Baour, P. Falbriard Micro skiving – (r)evolution of a known production process S. 1619-1634

„… Low thickness Soft material Fig. 6_ Reference part to be cut Today …” „… profiles. Material resistance or space constraints are some of the parameters the designers have to take …” „… : Tilt angles optimization (Ai) Different carbide grades or other materials Coating on the cutter …”

B. Azzam, F. Harzendorf, R. Schelenz, G. Jacobs, W. Holweger White etching crack bearing failure: identification of high risk lubricant compounds using artificial neural networks S. 569-582

„… of the chemical compound interactions (CCI) and the known surface material. The bearing material …” „… surface between lubricant and bearing material attributed to the lubricant and its constituents, e.g …” „… turbine gearbox bearings: effects of ‘butterflies’ and white etching cracks (WECs)," Materials Science …”

P. Falbriard Index hobbing for asymmetrical gears S. 1181-1186

„… suppliers are rare. In these large markets, near-net-shape molding is sometimes carried out if the material …” „… allows it. However, for non-injectable materials, smaller dimensions and where surface quality and …”

X. Du, B. Chen, X. Shan Robust force control of series elastic actuator using disturbance observer S. 1111-1122

„… deflection of rubber spring. However, the rubber spring is a viscoelastic material that has the drawback of …” „… material is used to the spring of a SEA. The stiffness of spring is tested as Fig. 3. The assumption of …” „… sensor based on spring deformation requires a detailed model of the material’s viscoelastic behavior …”

E. Bergstedt, U. Olofsson, J. Lin, P. Lindholm Influence of gear surface roughness on pitting and micropitting life S. 3-14

„… is known that wear can remove superficial cracks, thus a steady state between the material loss …” „… fatigue cracks can propagate without obstruction, causing rapid deterioration of the material. By …” „… equivalent. In the study by Winkelmann et al. the material loss is measured by weighing the gears after each …”

J. Pellkofer, M. Hein, K. Stahl, T. Reimann, M. Hombauer New calculation method of the micropitting load carrying capacity of bevel and hypoid gears S. 517-528

„… , hardness, material, etc.). [6],[7] Furthermore, experimental investigations showed that micropitting may …” „… are advantageous and recommended in literature to avoid micropitting. [7], [9], [10], [11] Material …” „… capacity and the used material. He discovered that a higher residual austenite content positively affects …”

M. Geitner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl, B. Zornek Investigations on the pitting load capacity of internal spur and helical gears S. 301-314

„… verified. Thereby, the influence of the helix angle and material pairing of the planet and ring gear on …” „… = 0.05 … 10 m/s. It allows load carrying capacity tests for different gear pairings of materials at …” „… batch of material. After the heat treatment, all test gears were conventionally ground only in the flank …”

F. Siglmuller, U. Weinberger, J. Gotz, M. Sedlmair, T. Lohner, K. Stahl Scaling of planetary gear stages according to gear loss similarity S. 115-126

„… supply to ensure sufficient lubricant supply and similar heat balance. Material and surface properties …” „… : Preferably usage of the same material and heat treatment of the gear wheels to match the elastic and thermal …” „… material properties. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 2019 121 Preferably usage of the same roughness and structure …”

F. Cura ISO Standard based method for determining a global in-operation dynamic factor KAV in gears subjected to variable velocity and loading conditions S. 689-700

„… material tests using meshing gears as test pieces. As an example, referring to the bending case [1 …” „… BAKK bm F (9) where exp means the general term for slope p of the material fatigue curve. If NL …” „… exp’ has also to be determined by materials data available in [4]. Firstly, for as concerns the zero …”

F. Rudolph, S. Schumann, B. Schlecht Consideration of solid particles in a gear lapping simulation S. 1675-1686

„… concentration of the lapping compound, the grain material and viscous properties of the lubricant as well as …” „… experimentally for a lapping compound and gear material combination, as shown in section 6. 5. Consideration …” „… simulation. Most users are expected to change gear geometries much more often than materials or lapping …”

B. Karpuschewski, T. Lierse, S. Schulze Inline-deep rolling – a new approach to increase tooth root load capacity S. 1787-1798

„… Karpuschewski, Leibniz Institute for Materials Engineering IWT, University of Bremen; Prof. Tjark Lierse …” „… miscellaneous manufacturing and assembly processes, which can, for example, produce improved material …” „… [10], [11]. The reason is a microplastic deformation of the subsurface zone by the blasting material …”

T. Kleiber DIN Q6 meets DIN Q10 – Need for modern internal gear production S. 415-424

„… raw material to the final parts, including feasibilities and their interaction. QA inspection methods …” „… with high power density. The raw material, heat treatment, gear outside diameter and clamping jigs …” „… parts life cycle e.g. data of the raw material, information of the forging process, heat treatment …”

Y. Omiya, M. Fujii, H. Sekishita, K. Ishimoto, A. Ueda Effect of surface characterization induced by fine shot peening on scuffing of steel roller S. 37-46

„… stress in the surface of the material while suppressing the increase in surface roughness. It has been …” „… the thermocouples. The material of test roller was bearing steel (JIS SUJ2). The surface profiles of …” „… velocity in faster roller and slower roller, respectively. Table 3 shows the material properties of …”

K. Lubke Virtual gauge for splined shaft-hub joints – Quality inspection and assembly of involute splines in the context of Industry 4.0 S. 1497-1508

„… material condition. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 2019 1497 State of the art – geometry Three different common …” „… vector is perpendicular to the flank surface and is defined positive in non-material direction (Figure 5 …” „… ). Fig. 5: Definition of material side by sign of normal vector n for an external gearing With this …”

T. Sturmlinger, A. Comak, A. Albers, S. Gerdhenrichs, R. H. Schmitt Methodical analysis and selection of auto identification systems in the gear box manufacturing S. 1509-1520

„… rough material, the parts are pre- machined, which enables a more accurate handling in the following …” „… zone a material removal is accomplished to optimize the micro structure of the gear set. But there are …” „… material removal, the influence to the outcome quality after lapping is limited. This leads to an already …”

J. Fechler, S. Oberle, M. Knopfle, V. Merz Improvement of the noise and vibration behavior of an electromechanical brake booster – An integral approach S. 1431-1442

„… interfaces to the vehicle. The materials of the gears are metal and plastic. The motor pinion and the …” „… spindle are made out of metal, all other gears out of performance plastic materials. The plastic gears …” „… out of plastic material. Therefore the production process of the intermediate wheel was changed from …”

L. Hui, X. Changl, Y. Shouw, L. Cheng, Z. Chen, L. Yu Research on Dynamic Drum Shape Modification of Helical Gear Pair S. 1011-1026

„… ). And all errors are defined as positive with respect to the standard involute gear increase material …” „… , and the removal material is defined as negative. , ( / 2 )( )ii d sd d be b (8) Due …” „… meshed. 1 and 1 are the Poisson's ratio of the two cylindrical materials. 1E and 2E are the elastic …”

M. Zapf, J. Klose, F. Zanger, V. Schulze Analysis of process forces and surface topography when manufacturing case-hardened gears by double flanked hard skiving S. 1647-1658

„… gear skiving of soft material have already been investigated. Soft machining of the same gear used in …” „… heat by a cooling liquid is often not necessary. Hard cutting materials at risk of thermal shock such …” „… Material AISI 5115 (16MnCr5) 60 to 62 HRC; hardening depth 0.7 mm Substrate K10 UF Process parameters …”

M. Solf, C. Lopenhaus, T. Bergs Influence of elastic effects on the grinding force in plunging bevel gear grinding S. 1687-1696

„… determined. The results show that elastic effects have a significant influence on the material removal …” „… conditions and no material changes and elasticities in the contact zone, cannot predict this increase [5 …” „… effects. Due to the continuous feed into the material in plunging bevel gear grinding, the same areas of …”

M. Keuthen REXS – Standardized gear unit model S. 701-712

„… free to: Share: copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format Adapt: remix …” „… , transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially The only conditions are that the …” „… spectra FE and CAD assemblies Lubricants Materials Tools VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 2019708 The …”

R. Beilicke, L. Bobach, D. Bartel Transient 3D TEHL simulation of spiral bevel gears under mixed friction conditions S. 529-540

„… Fig. 5: Load and velocities of the bevel gear pair The material used for both bevel gears was …” „… case-hardened steel 16MnCr5. The material data can be taken from [4]. A mineral oil ISO VG 150 was used as …” „… VG 150 material bevel gear 1 and 2 16MnCr5 coefficient of boundary friction fc = 0.05 VDI-Berichte …”

F. Muller, S. Schumann, B. Schlecht Determination of S-N curves for pitting based on local damage analysis S. 657-668

„… , this concept is based on the fact that a material break-out on the tooth flank due to pitting leads to …” „… could be used to determine the size of material break-outs due to pitting in order to achieve a more …” „… of materials. International Organisation for Standardization, 2003 [2] Tobie, T.; Matt, P.: FVA 563 …”

P. Lopez Garcia, S. Crispel, T. Verstraten, E. Saerens, B. Vanderborght, D. Lefeber Wolfrom gearboxes for lightweight, human-centered robotics S. 753-764

„… during most of their operation cycles, bringing them to their limits both in terms of material endurance …” „… looking for alternative solutions including cycloidal drives with lighter materials [25], new planetary …” „… possible to fully exploit its power split [22] ability [TV30]without thermally overstressing the material …”

C. Hegger, T. Kruger, J. Maas Two-speed transmission based on energy-efficient MRF-coupling elements and power split mechanism S. 867-876

„… ferromagnetic materials the MRF-based coupling elements must be separated from the lubrication of the gears. In …” „… brakes and clutches with well-defined fail-safe behavior, Smart Materials and Structures 22, 094010 …” „… “, Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures, Volume 30 Issue 5, March 2019. VDI-Berichte Nr …”

D. Kurten, A. Kailer Hydrogen embrittlement of oil lubricated contacts S. 681-688

„… X-ray tomography," Materials and Design, no. 117, pp. 417-429, 2017. [2] A. Ruellan, F. Ville, X …” „… International, vol. 7, p. 12, 2010. [15] A. Greco, S. Sheng, J. Keller and A. Erdemir, "Material wear and …”

S.-G. Moon, S.-C. Kim, J.-H. Sohn, G.-H. Lee 2-stage gearbox optimization to minimize weight and maximize gear mesh efficiency considering the gear ratio for high speed gear S. 1237-1244

„… Institute of Machinery & Materials, Daejeon, Republic of Korea Abstract In this study, the optimal …” „… for contact stress (KHβ) was 1.0. The gear material was calculated as 18CrNiMo7 and the lubricant as …”

S. Vonderschmidt, A. Ott, A. Vonderschmidt High speed driven tool for machine tools using magnetic transmission technology S. 1145-1154

„… ∙ 50 , The value PS0 is material specific and given by the manufacturer of electric sheets. It …” „… to the lack of the material parameter PS0, a different approach has to be used. The eddy currents …”

H.-J. Dennig, S. Winterberg Test stand for internally cooled metal gears S. 1263-1266

„… , already known materials will be processed in a new way. Drive systems must be made lighter and more …”

M. R. Mauntz, J. Peuser Deep online oil analysis of dielectric parameters for life time enhancement of industrial gearboxes – Identification of critical operation conditions for reduction of failure rates S. 245-256

„… they are used in HV transformers. Fig. 3 illustrates the conductivities of various materials. The …” „… due to material fatigue. Therefore, it is possible to react much faster on events of critical …”

J. Thomas, C. Gosselin, P. Eng Design and rating by means of loaded TCA of straight bevel differential gears S. 493-504

„… : Strength and quality of materials. Second edition 2011-11-22 [5] Niemann G., Winter H., Höhn B.-R …” „… static limit of MQ material. Therefore pitting resistance of such a gear set cannot be calculated us …”

A. D. Rauch, C. Wirth An easy-to-use and fast computational model for the prediction of the influence of manufacturing errors on gear transmission error S. 645-656

„… material compared to the ideal profile. Thus, teeth 1 & 3 are pushed away from their ideal position on the …” „… first harmonic of the GMF though for W α 2.3 there are 3 peaks with excess material along the tooth …”

K. Daubach, Manuel Oehler, Bernd Sauer A method to determine local wear of worm gears with highly resolved circumferential backlash curves S. 595-606

„… prevent scuffing a hard material for the worm and a soft material for the worm wheel - usually hardened …”

S. Detzel, Y. S. Krieger, M. F. Traeger, T. C. Lueth Design of gear surface models for 3D-printing of plastic gears S. 1401-1410

„… design process, material properties and process parameters related to SLS of polyamide and LC of acrylic …” „… of future research, as well as the utilization of high-performance materials such as PEEK …”

J. Han, Y. Zhu, X. Tian, L. Xia A method of tooth longitudinal modification for internal gearing power honing S. 1725-1738

„… and Materials 2015; 799-800:554- 559. 3. Tran VT, Hsu RH, Tsay CB. A crowned helical gear with …” „… honing with external honing ring using diamond dressing gear. Advanced Materials Research 2010; 135:111 …”

K. Mukaiyama, M. Nakagawa, T. Hirogaki, E. Aoyama Investigation of meshing phenomenon of hypoid gears with different offsets via high response infrared video thermography S. 505-516

„… Contact ratio 1.99 2.31 2.65 Material S45C S45C S45C Tooth surface finish Grinding Grinding Grinding …” „… , especially with respect to the material and surface treatment. In our previous research, it had been found …”

J. I. Pedrero, M. Pleguezuelos, M. B. Sanchez Load sharing model for high contact ratio spur gears with long profile modifications S. 985-996

„… driving tooth tip). The amount of material eliminated by profile modifications is very small (few microns …” „… and the inner point of contact is described by inn = 0.390. The material is steel C45. The output …”

M. Trubswetter, M. Otto, K. Stahl Evaluation of gear flank surface structure produced by skiving S. 1799-1812

„… cutting edges of the tool to slide along the tooth flanks of the workpiece and remove the material over …” „… depend on the axial feed. With a higher axial feed, more material is removed in each cut. Fig. 6 shows …”

A. Schiller, T. Beckmann, M. Fratz, T. Seyler, A. Bertz Optical gear measurement: holographic system for 100 % inspection S. 1545-1550

„… the exact shape of the defect can be analyzed and possible material defects can VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355 …”

C. Brecher, C. Lopenhaus, F. Goergen Transfer of the tooth flank stress into an analogy test concept to provoke the damage pattern tooth flank fracture (TFF) S. 25-36

„… , which are superimposed on the residual stress state, cf. Fig. 1 Primary [2]. In higher material depths …” „… KONOWALCZYK, a comparable equivalent stress condition could be calculated in the TFF critical material volume …”

H. Wang, X. Wen, C. Zhou, Z. Liu Wear prediction for double helical gears grinded by forming method S. 315-330

„… hardened materials for double helical gears and improves the current technology of manufacturing double …” „… roughness for generating grinding gear, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 213 (2013) 717-721. [8 …”

D. Mevissen, C. Lopenhaus, T. Bergs Calculation of mixed friction conditions in large-scale rolling-sliding contacts for different surface structures S. 555-568

„… the roughness valleys [3, 12]. The material model used for this sample calculation is elastic-ideal …” „… , Higginson GR (1977) Elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication, 2nd International series on materials science and …”

E. V. Kozharinov, J. M. Temis Dynamic model of bevel gearing with friction damper S. 635-644

„… internal damping in the material on the corresponding vibration mode; Ωк – diagonal matrix (n × n) of …”

D. Iba, I. Moriwaki, H. Noda, H. Inoue, M. Kim Visualization of phase differences between tooth helix deviations using graph theory S. 1191-1198

„… width (mm) 42.5 Material SKS An example of the helix deviation data conditioned with the filter …”

Z. H. Wu, Y. Q. Xu, K. A. Liu The Analysis on Grease Lubrication at Two Tapered Bodies Contact Considering Surface Roughness S. 1223-1236

„… discussions The structural and material parameters of two tapered elements and main rheological parameters of …” „… /μm VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 2019 1229 Table 1: Geometry, material and rheological parameters …”

B. Schlecht, T. Schulze Improved tooth contact analysis by using virtual gear twins – How helpful is AI for finding best gear design? S. 203-216

„… and material data, as shown in Fig.6. Furthermore, all strength-relevant parameters are defined …”

J. Ahn, C. H. Choi, J. H. Yu, S. C. Kim A study of dynamic behavior of tractor pto driveline to analyze a rattle noise S. 461-470

„… & Materials, South Korea Abstract Recently, According to advancement in transmission and engine …”

A. Mihailidis, A. Psarros FEM analysis of the load distribution over the face width of helical gear pairs considering deviations, misalignments and deformations S. 193-202

„… . VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 2019196 Radius r [mm] Radius R [mm] Width [mm] Material Force [N] Number of slices 10 …”

A. L. Kapelevich, Y. V. Shekhtman Optimization of asymmetric tooth root generated with protuberance hob S. 403-414

„… actual root fillet profile is relative to the designed (CAD) profile at average material conditions …”

S. J. Ma, G. Y. Wu, G. Liu Study on the contact characteristics of threaded surfaces in a planetary roller screw mechanism S. 1155-1164

„… has 651,411 elements and 667,240 nodes. In these numerical models, the material is GCr15, whose …”

M. Pillarz, A. von Freyberg, A. Fischer Multisensory measurement of the base circle radius as a fundamental shape parameter of large gears S. 1207-1214

„… , CMM achieve probing errors of 1.3 µm. However, they consist of stable and heavy materials [3] and the …” „… , G.: Areal parameters for the characterisation of gear distortions. Materialwissenschaft und …”

B. H. Kien, D. Iba, Y. Ishii, Y. Tsutsui, N. Miura, T. Iizuka, A. Masuda, A. Sone, I. Moriwaki Vibration-based plastic gear crack detection system using a pre-learned convolutional neural network S. 1443-1452

„… materials, 157, 2017, 322-330 VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 20191452 …”

B. Karpuschewski, D. Sackmann, M. Kochig, M. Beutner, F. Welzel Potentials and limits of gear hobbing with cooling lubricants S. 1591-1602

„… . h.c. Dr. h.c. Dr. h.c. B. Karpuschewski, Dipl.-Ing. Daniel Sackmann, Leibniz Institute for Materials …”

G. Vasileiou, N. Rogkas, V. Spitas, P. Zalimidis Optimisation of spur gear tooth fillet for maximum bending strength using Bezier curves S. 149-160

„… this far including the use of advanced materials [1], the introduction of different methods of gear …”

A.-K. Wiemann, M. Stein, K. Kniel Temperature influence on involute gear measurements S. 1557-1566

„… considered for the specific material with . One profile line at and one helix line on the V-cylinder have …”

D. Park, F. Santini, A. Rezayat, T. Tamarozzi, J. Pavel Experimental and numerical investigation of helical gear transmission error under gear misalignments S. 355-366

„… us with test materials and supported the research. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 2019364 Bibliography …”

Y. Hawwari, J. Touzet, H. Andre, H. I. Cakar, I. Khelf, L. Alloin Ring gear tooth cracks detected using instantaneous angular speed: wind turbine application S. 1039-1052

„… former is often unable to identify the material source of the wear debris existing in the oil; regarding …”

F. Andary, G. Jacobs, J. Berroth Application of pre-calculated gear mesh stiffness on elastic gear bodies in multi-body simulation S. 1087-1098

„… in gearboxes. The gear mesh stiffness is influenced by the material of the gears, their geometry …”

M. Schrank, C. Kiesewetter-Marko, C. Lopenhaus, A. Epple, T. Bergs, C. Brecher Approach for modeling elasticity in the gear honing process S. 1697-1706

„… depends only on the tool and workpiece pair used, with regard to material properties and geometry. From …”

T. Fukuda, M. Nakagawa, T. Hirogaki, E. Aoyama Investigation of transient response motion of differential planetary gear train during reverse rotation and starting by using high-speed camera monitoring S. 331-342

„… --- Helix angle [deg.] 0 --- Tooth depth coefficient 2.25 --- Tooth width [mm] 10 --- Material S45C …”

S. Yokoyama A study of gear oil performances contributing to wind turbine lifetime extensions S. 845-856

„… : Surface photograph of stereomicroscope and roughness of an used gear 2. Materials and Methods 2.1 …”

Y. Cai, L. Yao, J. Ding, S. Ouyang, J. Zhang Analysis of dynamic transmission error for nutation drive with double circular arc gears under assembly errors and different loads S. 343-354

„… dimensional precision, the total number of elements of the four gears is 379343. And the material density is …”

M. Yilmaz, T. Lohner, K. Michaelis, K. Stahl Minimizing gear friction with water-containing gear fluids S. 669-680

„… Mineral Oils and Related Materials - Determination of Viscosity Temperature Relation] (2011). [Dol03 …”

P. Scholzen, C. Lopenhaus, C. Brecher, D. Billenstein, F. Rieg, G. Hammerl Investigation of the influence of elastic gear body structures on the operational behavior of gears S. 785-796

„… the higher material content in the gear body, the fluctuation of the gear mesh stiffness in is …”

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Sanierung historischer Stadtmauern.

Gabriele Patitz (ed.), Christine H. Bauer (ed.)

2016

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Lothar Goretzki Material- und Schadensanalyse am historischen Mauerwerk S. 57-66

„… 57 Material- und Schadensanalyse am historischen Mauerwerk Grundlage für die denkmalgerechte …” „… der Sanierungsmaßnahmen. Lothar Goretzki 1 Welche Kenntnisse sind notwendig Die Material- und …” „… -/ Salzschäden. Das Umsetzen der Erkenntnisse der Material- und Schadensanalyse in die Gesamtplanung und …”

Gabriele Patitz Bewahren identitätsstiftender historischer Stadt- und Stützmauern S. 131-138

„… daraus folgenden Zerstörungen an Material und Konstruktion erkennbar. Vorhandener Bewuchs und die oftmals …” „… . 2.4 Material- und Schadensanalysen an Schwergewichtsmauern für die Konzeption von Ersatz- und …” „… Ergänzungsbaustoffen Material- und Schadensanalysen gehören zur Fachplanung und sind die unverzichtbaren Grundlagen …”

Robert Sobott, Irene Traub-Sobott Untersuchungen zum Bestand und Zustand der Feldmauer an den Judenteichen in Goslar S. 109-118

„… Gesteinsarten, die je nach Aufschlussgegebenheiten als Bau material verwendet wurden, führte zur Entstehung …” „… abgebaut und neu gemauert werden. Einzelne Fehlstellen im Mauerwerk sind durch passendes Material (Sud …” „… of carbonate content in sediment, soils, and other materials, Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. 1-8

„… Material- und Schadensanalyse am historischen Mauerwerk 57 Lothar Goretzki Standsicherheit historischer …”

Günther Stanzl Langzeitprojekt im Weltkulturerbe Mittelrhein – Die Stadtbefestigung von Oberwesel S. 119-130

„… Datierung, sondern macht ihn mit baugeschichtlichen Besonderheiten, Details zu Material und Konstruktion …”

Berthold Alsheimer Standsicherheit historischer Stütz- und Stadtmauern S. 67-84

„… Structural Engineering and Materials, 4 (2002), S. 301–319. [14] Wendt, R.: Alte Stützmauern – Schäden und …” „… Materialien besitzen nur eine geringe, oft zu vernachlässigende Zugfestigkeit. Auch bietet eine lange …” „… . einer erddruckbelasteten Stützmauer ist das nichtlineare Materialverhalten des Mauerwerks mit ins Kalkül …”

Andreas Bewer Strategie einer erfolgreichen Sanierungsplanung S. 85-96

„… Geld, Zeit, Material oder die historischen Bauwerke selbst als nur in begrenztem Umfang erhaltene …”

Günther Stanzl Das schwächste Glied frei bewitterter historischer Ruinenmauern – die Mauerkrone S. 23-40

„… Material enthielt. Den Effekt verstärkte noch die Auflage von Grassoden, die eine Verzögerung des …”

Christine H. Bauer Erhaltung und Sanierung historischer Stadtmauern S. 9-10

„… instandgesetzt oder ertüchtigt werden mussten. Materialkundliche Analysen geben Aufschluss über die …” „… verwendeten Gesteinsarten und Mauerwerksmörtel, wobei diese Materialien je nach Bauphase variieren können …”

Christine H. Bauer Die historische Stadtbefestigung im UNESCO-Welterbe „Altstadt von Goslar“ S. 11-22

„… bauhistorische und materialkundliche Untersuchungen durchgeführt, um weitere Erkennt nisse über die historische …”

Andreas Bruschke 3D-Fotogrammetrie – Neue Dokumentationsmethoden für die Grundlagenermittlung in der Architekturvermessung S. 41-48

„… benfalls wird das Fugenbild in den Zeichnungen ergänzt. Verschiedene Materialien, Zustand und Schäden …”

Gabriele Patitz Erkundung und Bewertung von Stützmauern mit Bauradar S. 49-56

„… Zugänglichkeit am Objekt. Bei den direkten Verfahren werden Materialproben entnommen oder Bauteile geöffnet …” „… werden und Eingriffe, Materialentnahmen oder Zerstörungen sind zunächst nicht nötig. Aussagen zum …” „… werden. Für die erzielbare Eindringtiefe sind die Materialart der Mauersteine und die …”

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Gleit- und Wälzlagerungen 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2348 2019

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D. Rudy, S. Claus, M. Pausch Entwicklung eines neuen Materials für Wälzlager S. 23-32

„… Entwicklung eines neuen Materials für Wälzlager Dipl.-Ing. Dietmar Rudy, Dipl.-Ing. Sven Claus …” „… Stabilität des Gefüges Reinheit des Materials VDI-Berichte Nr. 2348, 201924 Mit diesen Eigenschaften …” „… bedeutende Rolle. Insbesondere bildet das Material der Ringe, das Material der Wälzkörper und der verwendete …”

J. Loos, T. Blass, J. Binderszewsky, W. Kruhöffer, D. Merk WEC-Bildung, einer von mehreren Wälzlager-Ermüdungsmechanismen S. 245-256

„… in Materials Science 57 (2012) 268-435 [Bla17] Blass, T. et al. Influence of Material and Heat …” „… cracks in wind turbine gearbox bearings, Material Science and Technology 2016 [FVA11] N. N …” „… . DVM German Association for Materials Research and Testing, Berlin, 2011, pp. 101-106. [Geg18] Gegner …”

A. Gabelli, G. E. Morales-Espejel Hybrid Bearing Life with Surface and Subsurface Survival S. 313-324

„… . non-metallic) material characterized by high hardness, high temperature and chemical resistance, low density …” „… requirements. 2. The progress of hybrid bearing technology The use of ceramic materials for rolling …” „… materials. In the 1980s the practical use of hybrid bearings was undertaken by bearing companies and …”

T. Amann, A. Kailer, W. Chen, J. Rühe Entwicklung von galvanisch gekoppelten Gleitlagern mit niedrigen Reibungs- und Verschleißwerten – Verwendung von komplexen Fluiden als Schmierstoff und als Additiv in Wasser zur tribologischen Optimie... S. 33-44

„… abstoßende Doppelschichtkraft erzeugen kann, die einen Teil der Last trägt [24]. 2. Material und Methoden …” „… Herstellung einer galvanischen Zelle wurden Kupfer (Cu) als edleres und Aluminium (Al) als unedleres Material …” „… Kopplung durch elektrische Isolation des Materials durchgeführt. Anwendungsnahe Reibversuche wurden mit …”

S. Bill Higher efficiency and lifetime improvement for bearings S. 325-328

„… exposed to very large and varying loads it can come to strong material stresses. Picture 1 …” „… examine the friction and wear behavior of materials and coatings and the lubricant properties in loads by …”

K. Bobzin, M. Öte, T. Königstein, W. Wietheger Thermisches Spritzen zur Herstellung maßgeschneiderter Gleitlagerbeschichtungen für hochbelastete Lagerstellen S. 45-54

„… Verfügung gestellt und das hexagonale Bornitrid von Momentive Performance Materials (Albany, USA) wurde vom …” „… material concepts for thermally sprayed hydrodynamic bearings,” Journal of Thermal Spray Technology, Vol …” „… Metal Engine Blocks with a Nanocomposite Material using the Plasma Transferred Wire Arc Thermal Spray …”

F. Steinweg, A. Mikitisin WEA/WEC-Bildung in ölgeschmierten Wälzkontakten – Einfluss von elektrischem Strom und Schlupf S. 257-272

„… zur Überrollrichtung. Große Bereiche von gefügeverändertem Material werden von feinen Rissen …” „… bearings. In: Materials Science and Technology 32 (2016) 11, S. 1133– 69. [2] Özel, M. O.: Entstehung von …” „… ] Maitland, T.; Sitzman, S.: Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) Technique and Materials …”

B. Hahn, D. Vlasenko, T. Kammerbauer Simulation von Lagerkäfigen in CABA3D mit detaillierter Festigkeitsanalyse S. 173-182

„… erste Schritt ist die Berechnung der Spannungen im Material. Bei der dynamischen MKS-Simulation von …” „… of substructures for dynamic analyses: an overview. In Structures, Structural Dynamics and Material …” „… wird. [9] Zuletzt wird für jeden Knoten eine lokale Wöhlerlinie bestimmt, welche Materialfestigkeit …”

B. Brodmann, D. Helfrich, S. Sommer Prozessüberwachung funktionskritischer Oberflächen in der Lagerindustrie – Anwendungen und Möglichkeiten der Streulichtmesstechnik S. 329-340

„… des Rauheitsprofils die ideale geometrische Oberfläche. In das Material hineinragende Riefen werden …” „… Honens weist nur noch wenige, vom Plateau ins Material hineinragende Riefen auf. Im Profilschnitt ist …”

M. Schwarz, T. Meinerz, V. Aul Anforderungen und Validierung von Wälzlagern in der Antriebsstrangentwicklung S. 65-76

„… beziehen sich somit nur auf lieferantenspezifische Unterschiede wie die Innengeometrie und das Material …” „… hinsichtlich Material und Feingeometrie durchgeführt. Die Untersuchung des Werkstoffs fokussiert sich unter …” „… Materialermüdung gering ausfällt. Zu den relevanten Schadensmechanismen zählen adhäsiver Verschleiß im …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-VIII

„… . . . . . . . . . . . 11 H. Niedermeier, T. Kreis, Gebr. Reinfurt GmbH & Co. KG, Rimpar Entwicklung eines neuen Materials …”

A. Maiwald Axiale Wanderbewegungen von Innenringen rein radial belasteter Zylinderrollenlager – Untersuchungen zum Einfluss von Wellenverformungen auf irreversible Schlupfbewegungen im Lagersitz S. 87-96

„… nicht möglich, da jede Anwendung bezüglich ihrer Rahmenbedingungen (Last, Material, Wellengeometrie …” „… Reibbeiwerte betragen im Lagersitz µLS = 0,15 und in der Lager-Laufbahn µWK = 0,0005. Das Materialverhalten …” „… Lager, rein elastisches Materialverhalten Hohlwelle Elastizitätsmodul E = 210 000 N/mm² (Stahl …”

M. Neu, A. Harder, E. Kirchner Sensorische Eigenschaften von Wälz- und Gleitlagerungen – Beherrschen von Unsicherheiten von und durch die Zusatzfunktion S. 183-192

„… ‐ Spannungen Re al sy st em Geometrie Betriebs‐ zustände Material‐ eigenschaften Re du zie rt es S en so rm od …”

V. Hoffmann, D. Bartel 3D-CFD-Simulation eines Gleitlagers mit Versorgungsnut unter Berücksichtigung von Mischreibung – Werkstoff und Oberfläche machen den Unterschied S. 107-118

„… strongly due to different material properties and surface topologies. 3D-CFD-Simulation eines …” „… Materialeigenschaften und Oberflächentopographien grundlegend voneinander. 2. Abstract In this paper a 3 …” „… sind die zugehörigen Materialkenndaten in Tabelle 2 zusammengefasst. Tabelle 2: Materialkenndaten …”

D. Kürten, A. Kailer, I. Khader Hydrogen assisted rolling contact fatigue S. 273-286

„… measurements carried out using the ball-on-disk tribometer. Isotropic linear elastic material behavior was …”

H. Niedermeier, T. Kreis Den „Schmerz“ reduzieren – Die Entwicklung eines Dental-Kugellagers mit 3-Radien-Profil. Das Ermöglichen von Höchstleistungen – trotz härtester Einsatzbedingungen S. 11-22

„… elastisches Materialmodell gewählt. Die Verbindung der Außenringe mit dem Gehäuse erfolgt über O- Ringe …” „… . Hierfür wird ein hyperelastisches Materialmodell zugrunde gelegt. Zur Bestimmung der …” „… Mooney-Rivlin-Materialparameter wurde in Vorversuchen ein Abgleich zwischen Simulation und realen Eigenschaften durchgeführt. Das …”

V. Hoffmann, D. Bartel, C. Stelzer Auslegung eines hochbelasteten Radialgleitlagers mit Hilfe einer Multi-Parameter-Optimierung S. 129-140

„… bestimmt werden. Diese gibt Aufschluss darüber wie Lagerabmessungen, Schmierstoffzufuhr, Materialauswahl …”

S. Unsleber Intelligente Lineartechnik für die Fabrik der Zukunft S. 193-196

„… statt und das System erkennt Unregelmäßigkeiten wie Materialermüdungsausbrüche oder einen …”

F. Schleich, M. Stammler Realitätsgetreue Abbildung von Rotorblattlagerbelastungen durch Berücksichtigung der Anschlusssteifigkeiten S. 209-220

„… Verbindungsstelle gerecht zu werden, ist die Materialstärke am Rotorflansch deutlich größer als in der übrigen …” „… basiert darauf, mit den GfK-Rohren das weiche Materialverhalten und mit den Stahlsegmenten in der Mitte …”

S. Oberdörfer, G. Jacobs, S. Neumann Robustheitstest für Getriebewälzlagerungen in Windenergieanlagen S. 233-244

„… Schmierstofftemp. δ Radiales Lagerspiel αHys Materialhysteresekoeff. cr Rollreibungskoeff. μLFB Reibwert Laufbahn …”

O. Maiß Lebensdauersteigerung von Wälzlagern durch eine hochproduktive Hartbearbeitung – Festwalzen ermöglicht neue Ansätze für die Fertigung von Wälzlagern S. 353-358

„… eingesetzt werden müssen, bzw. die geforderte Lebensdauer durch einen deutlich geringeren Materialanteil …” „… umfassen alle Materialeigenschaften, die durch den Fertigungsprozess unterhalb der Oberfläche beeinflusst …” „… Durch den Einsatz des Hartdrehwalzens wird eine Oberfläche mit einem hohen Materialtraganteil erzeugt …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023488

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Mehrphasiges Blutersatzfluid zur Quantifizierung komplexer Blutströmungen für Particle Image Velocimetry Messungen

Christina Maria Winkler

Series: Berichte aus dem IMP

Volume 01/2024 2024

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4 Material und Methoden S. 33-39

A Übersicht der Materialien S. 100

doi.org/10.51202/9783959009539

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Composite scaffolds with human amniotic membrane for tissue engineering: fabrication and cryopreservation

Sara Maria Leal Marin

Series: Berichte aus dem IMP

Volume 03/2024 2024

Results in this title

4. Materials and Methods S. 35-53

doi.org/10.51202/9783690300117

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Verfahrenstechnische Entwicklung patientenspezifischer Implantate aus Eigenblut

Kai Hendrik Höltje

Series: Berichte aus dem IMP

Volume IMP 02/2024 2024

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4 Material und Methode S. 33-50

doi.org/10.51202/9783690300087

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International Conference on Gears 2017

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2294 2017

Results in this title

J. Cathelin, R. Janssen Material data for advanced plastic gear simulation S. 1553-1564

„… Material Data for Advanced Plastic Gear Simulation Julien Cathelin, Application Technology …” „… plastic materials for their gear applications. However, the task is not easy. There is no international …” „… Japan and VDI 2736 for Germany, are known. Moreover, designers are facing a lack of material data …”

J.-A. Meis Flank fracture assessment under consideration of material quality S. 395-398

„… be regarded as an exact result and in the simulation the material quality was assumed to be the same …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, M. Schroers, T. Frech, P. Scholzen Optimization of NVH behavior of gears by alternative gear materials S. 539-552

„… Optimization of NVH-Behavior of Gears by Alternative Gear Materials Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Brecher …” „… Aachen Abstract The process chain of alternative gear materials offers advantages in material and …” „… gears [1]. Due to a lower density, alternative gear materials also lead to a decrease in weight …”

M. Schwenk, J. Hoffmeister, J. Hermes Prediction of local load carrying capacity for gears – a materials science approach S. 989-1002

„… Prediction of local load carrying capacity for gears – a materials science approach Dr …” „… gear designs. Subsurface crack initiation due to material defects (inclusions, grain size, etc.) has …” „… Fundamental works by Murakami allowed the correlation of defect size using the√ܽ݁ݎܽ- Parameter and materials …”

V. Angelopoulos, M. Hirsch PM gear rolling simulations using advanced plasticity material model and improved initial conditions S. 1277-1288

„… PM gear rolling simulations using advanced plasticity material model and improved initial …” „… is to conduct Finite Element (FE) simulations with an elasto-plastic material model adapted for …” „… material model can improve the simulation results. The experimental results are coming from a surface …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, F. Goergen, D. Mevissen Crack propagation analysis of pitting damages of high-strength material systems in gear applications S. 281-292

„… Crack Propagation Analysis of Pitting Damages of High-Strength Material Systems in Gear …” „… , there is great potential in new materials and specifically optimized heat treatments. In this paper …” „… , contact fatigue strength of three test variants of different material or heat treatment is investigated …”

H. B. Endeshaw, S. Ekwaro-Osire, F. M. Alemayehu, J. P. Dias Estimation of remaining useful life of gears with uncertainties in loading and material parameters S. 1063-1072

„… Estimation of Remaining Useful Life of Gears with Uncertainties in Loading and Material …” „… . Moreover, the fluctuation of the torque as well as the inherent uncertainties of the material properties …” „… loading. Uncertainties in Paris’ and material constants were also quantified. A framework was developed …”

B. Schlecht, K. Neikes, E. Leidich, S. Hauschild Is the mean stress effect for shafts dependent on the geometry, material or load? S. 1145-1152

„… Is the mean stress effect for shafts dependent on the geometry, material or load? Prof. Dr.-Ing …” „… approaches. Therefore, fatigue tests with different materials, notch geometries and loads were carried out …” „… the question whether the mean stress effect is dependent on geometry, material or load. 1 …”

B. Schlecht, C. Ulrich, J. Bräunig Investigations on the influence of anisotropic material properties of gear teeth on their macroscopic behavior S. 659-668

„… to use innovative energy-saving and material-saving technologies to develop resourceefficient …” „… Investigations on the influence of anisotropic material properties of gear teeth on their …” „… properties in detail. The theoretical principles of material anisotropy following cold forming processes are …”

M. Ebner, T. Lohner, K. Michaelis, B.-R. Höhn, K. Stahl Self-lubricating gears with oil-impregnated sintered materials S. 17-28

M. Baar, P. Oster, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Theoretical investigations of the load distribution of small sized crown gear sets different material pairings S. 1593-1610

„… material pairings Dipl.-Ing. Markus Baar, Dr.-Ing. Peter Oster, Dr.-Ing. Thomas Tobie, Prof. Dr.-Ing …” „… sized crown gear set. By vary the input torque, the size, the material pairing and the lubrication …” „… , the material pairing POM/steel shows better wear behavior than the material pairing steel/steel. This …”

B. Sievers, M. Berger, J. Hermes Technical guideline for the quality determination of bronze S. 479-490

„… the safety factor for wear, the material-lubricant factor WML is used to determine the wear intensity …” „… JW. Nass [7] investigated the wear behavior of the bronze materials, and the material-lubricant …” „… factors based on the results of his experiments were included in [3]. The material-lubricant factor as a …”

A. Kubo Change of gear steel quality as function of globalization – Back ground of the development for high speed automatic hardness tester S. 41-50

„… shown and gear material problem is introduced. It is difficult to check the real quality of gear …” „… gears, I feel that the probability of material problem causing gear failure looks increasing since the …” „… department of gear material is “Why we pay much money for the same steel. There is much cheaper steel of the …”

A. Pogacnik, S. Beermann Measuring permissible root/flank stress of plastic gears according to the VDI 2736-4 S. 1541-1552

„… materials in terms of strength and allowable temperature range, plastic gears are finding their way also …” „… . Unfortunately for gear designers, “gear data” (SN curves) are rarely measured for new materials. If decision …” „… production are required [1,2]. With a rapid development of plastic materials in terms of strength and …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, J. Pollaschek Influence of surface layer properties on tooth root bending strength of cylindrical gears S. 421-432

„… densities require a gear design that enters the border area of material capacity. To embrace the potential …” „… offered by modern construction materials, calculation methods for component strength must rely on a …” „… deeper understanding of fracture and material mechanics in contrast to empirical-analytical approaches …”

B. Kianian, C. Andersson Sustainability-conscious Powder Metallurgy gear manufacturing – An analysis of current manufacturing challenges S. 1251-1264

„… Engineering, Division of Production and Materials Engineering, Lund, Sweden Abstract This paper aims …” „… material properties. Recently reports on using Powder Metallurgy (PM) technology to manufacture gear wheels …” „… optimal machining setting, proper tool materials and coatings. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017 1253 2.2 …”

M. Koop, E. Melnikov, V. Merz Design investigations and indications for acoustical optimized gear meshes using plastic gears S. 1519-1530

„… damping effects as well as acoustic impedances of the materials are main influencing topics. Regarding …” „… different materials in a gear train it can be said that there are many investigations regarding the …” „… material combination of steel-steel. However, plastic sometimes behaves really different when it comes to …”

J. J. Liou, S. Rakuff The development of worm drives S. 503-516

„… can largely be attributed to the progress in tribology, which introduced dissimilar materials for the …” „… selected. Material pairs for worm drives can be metallic, metallic-plastic, and plastic depending on the …” „… operating requirements and conditions. In metallic pairs, the selection of materials for the worm and …”

J. Lohmiller, J. Hoffmeister, J. Hermes, M. Ansorg, H. Dhonau Development and investigation of austempered ductile iron (ADI) for thick-walled gear components S. 963-976

„… planetary carriers with shaft diameters ranging from 120 mm to 460 mm. The material was characterized by …” „… % compared with castings of the same size of nominally the same material grade. A scaling behavior was …” „… the largest carrier. The challenge is to develop a material, which is cast and heat-treated with …”

L. Gondecki, M. Weibring, P. Tenberge Simulation and test method for the lubricant’s influence on the wear and fatigue mechanisms on tooth flanks S. 29-40

„… several decades. The fatigue and wear mechanisms which appear either on or inside the tooth flank material …” „… tooth material and the oil’s additives within the atmosphere. Several experimental examinations have …” „… positive or a negative way. Due to a reaction between some additives and the tooth material, a thin …”

M. McCormick, J. Michaud Isotropic superfinishing of high hardness steels – How using a custom REM ISF® process as a quality control, defect remediation, and isotropic superfinishing procedure can increase the performance of... S. 163-172

„… margins, and longer component life drives many of these efforts. Programs such as the Materials Genome …” „… steels has historically resulted in challenges to the manufacturability of the material. Additionally …” „… performance increases include: surface durability, material toughness, temper resistance, and corrosion …”

M. Kanters, B. van Wissen, R. Nickel Relevant tribological testing method for high performance plastic gears S. 1507-1518

„… . General comments DSM is a global material and life science company with a history dating back to the …” „… , paints, electrical & electronics, life protection, alternative energy, and bio-based materials. DSM …” „… material behavior is required, both to be able to support customers when using our materials and to be …”

T. Frech, C. Löpenhaus, F. Klocke Influence of the contact conditions in cold rolling on the density profile of powder metallurgical (PM) gears S. 1265-1276

„… , PM gears require less raw material per part. Thus, less energy is used per produced part. PM gears …” „… the density pro- VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017 1265 file and, therefore, the material properties of the …” „… influence the normal material flow and, hence, the densification of PM gears [3]. Therefore, the contact …”

K. Mao, V. Goodship, N. Madhav, R. Ramakrishnan, P. Langlois Experimental Investigations of Polymer Composite Gear Performance S. 1625-1636

„… investigation of polymer gears made of five polymer materials (polycarbonate, acetal, highdensity polyethylene …” „… running paired gears of different materials. It is interesting to note that the gears’ performance varies …” „… significantly depending on the driving and driven gear materials. Keywords: polymer composite gears, tooth …”

G. Hlebanja, S. Kulovec, D. Zorko, J. Hlebanja, J. Duhovnik Influence of the tooth flank shape on thermal load of the gear S. 1583-1592

„… gears, regardless of size, material or any other parameters. However, it is of particular importance in …” „… flow into the gear material. Thermal properties of the employed gear material(s) are of the utmost …” „… contact ratio [3]. The most important features of the S-gears, particularly those for plastic materials …”

J. Reißmann, E. Leidich Computation of the tooth root strength of Worm Wheels with a calculation program based on local stresses S. 373-394

„… the mesh quality and add the material data. The mesh quality could be adjusted through parameters …” „… geometry and the boundaries, the material properties were needed too (Figure 9, right). They were figured …” „… out in material tests, mentioned below. Worm: steel Wormwheel rim: bronze CuSn12Ni …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVII

„… Material D. Talbot, Simulation of gear wear using a dynamic load 5 A. Kahraman distribution model M. Ebner …” „… , Self-lubricating gears with oil-impregnated sintered 17 T. Lohner, materials K. Michaelis, B.-R. Höhn, K. Stahl …” „… pitting damages of 281 C. Löpenhaus, high-strength material systems in gear applications F. Goergen, D …”

C. Gorla, E. Conrado, F. Rosa, F. Concli Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) for gears: manufacturing, performances and tests S. 977-988

„… available for such a material, a testing campaign has been performed in order to obtain strength data for …” „… avoided. Unfortunately, a limited experience and availability of strength data for such a material …” „… performances of a new material in terms of tooth root bending and contact fatigue resistance, gear tests must …”

R. Meissner, M. Liewald, T. Benkert, M. Hiller, W. Volk Multi-component gearwheels and their manufacturing processes S. 1299-1306

„… ]. Apart from these small areas, the material’s capabilities stay unused. Multi-component (differential …” „… ) design (figure 1) allows to reduce the gearwheel’s weight while enhancing material use. A gear ring made …” „… 0.05 mm 30° x 0.15 mm none -10 µm Parameter Counter punchforce V-ring force Material Material thickness …”

G. Eitzinger Adaptive coatings on gears for NVH improvement S. 1439-1450

„… plastic deformation and wear. Coating materials are selected from face centred cubic lattice and body …” „… centered cubic materials. Those materials typically have good plastic deformation ability. The approach is …” „… the copper material. Fig. 2-2: Covering of edges from the used graded layer coating system 3 …”

E. Maier, A. Ziegltrum, T. Lohner, K. Stahl Characterization of TEHL contacts of thermoplastic gears S. 1483-1496

„… (FZG), Garching b. München; Abstract Thermoplastic materials generally show low specific weight …” „… for an increase in resource efficiency. However, moderate thermo-mechanical material properties and …” „… of steel-thermoplastic material pairings (hybrids) is analyzed by tribosimulation and at the FZG …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, R. Greschert Influence of the grinding process on the formation of boundary layers on gears S. 1427-1438

„… . Due to the energy input, the material layer is changed in its structure and in its chemical and …” „… mathematically based on the calculation of the specific material removal rate Q’w that can be calculated as the …” „… other variants convey grinding burn damages after nital etching. The damaged material shows …”

P. Kauffmann, P. Schäflein, V. Heuer PM technology for the future powertrain S. 1289-1298

„… efficient solution for high strength and high precision powertrain applications. Material and processes …” „… the powder metallurgical material compacts. The hydrostatic stress component is caused primarily by …” „… stock of material. By adapting the stock for densification a uniform densified layer in profile …”

Foreword S. 1-4

„… using modern gearing technologies that allow combining individual materials, heat treatment and …” „… plastics material, from hobbed to sintered gears and more. One focus of the conference is the NVH-behavior …” „… or good damping at minimal costs. High-performance plastic materials offer the opportunity of …”

B. Černe, D. Zorko, J. Duhovnik Semi-analytical method for the prediction of the flank temperatures of polymer gears during running S. 1611-1624

„… value). We considered here two polymer materials, i.e. POM and PA66, where in correlation to the tests …” „… done by [9], we used the data available for the two commercial materials presented in Table 2. A …” „… element mesh Table 2: Considered materials with main physical parameters considered in the analysis …”

C. Andersson Grinding or shaving? – Performance based economic decision support in the manufacturing of gears S. 1353-1364

„… operations incurred differences in the value stream, the total costs from raw material to finished gear …” „… indirect material, labor costs, and overhead costs such as manufacturing overhead, sales and administrative …” „… finished product is the standard costs of the following input VanDerbeck [5]; direct material, direct …”

J. Langhart, I. Zotos, G. Franzoso Casing stiffness variations and influence on the gear meshing properties S. 1161-1168

„… . the casing material is varied between several materials as iron casting and aluminum alloys. Possible …” „… : stiffness matrices used for the comparisons VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 20171162 2. Casing material The …” „… casing material change from cast iron to aluminum is investigated. Due to the properties of the of the …”

K. Tsujii, R. Ishikura, K. Inoue, Y. Tanaka, T. Morita Effect of alloying elements on edge part over-carburizing in vacuum carburizing S. 1415-1426

„… Co., Ltd. for vacuum carburizing. The material development is based on knowledge acquired through …” „… in Si and Cr content in this study. Table 1 shows the steel content for each type. The materials …” „… materials by machining, and was carburized in vacuum carburizing. After that it was tempered at 453 K for …”

R. Weidig Adoption of polymer gears – Challenges and solutions S. 1565-1574

„… gasoline and diesel fuel. The injection mouldable polymer material needs to meet several key engineering …” „… moulding equipment While there are many polymer materials that can meet one or two of the material …” „… requirements the only material that met all of them was a high-performance polymer PEEK (polyetheretherketone …”

C. Hasl, P. Oster, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Bending strength of oil-lubricated cylindrical plastic gears – Modified bending strength calculation based on VDI 2736 S. 1649-1660

„… molded test gears made of a homopolymer POM (Delrin® 100NC010 by DuPont™) material. The challenge in …” „… bending strength calculation of plastic gears is the lack of material specific fatigue strength data. VDI …” „… 2736 [1] contains fatigue strength data for two common thermoplastic materials – PA66 and POM. While …”

C. Güntner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl “Alternative” microstructures and their influence on mechanical properties of case-hardened gears S. 399-410

„… project, the influence on the load carrying capacity of gears made out of the material 20MnCr5 was …” „… flank) were carried out on spur gears with the gear size module 5 mm made out of the materials 20MnCr5 …” „… material 20MnCr5, it can be seen, that the endurance limit of the tooth root bending strength of the …”

B. Schlecht, F. Rudolph, S. Schumann Experimental studies and simulation of hypoid gear lapping S. 1403-1414

„… method and deduce possible improvements. 1. Introduction During the lapping process, material …” „… simulation approaches. The most important group of these attribute local material removal to normal force or …” „… equation. ∆ is the material volume abraded by a single hard particle, which can also be expressed as …”

Y. Wang, B. Peng, G. Liu, L. Liu Design of transmission accuracy of the involute cylindrical gear-worm gear system under large temperature difference based on FE method S. 491-502

„… of the box material (K-1); 1 is the linear expansion coefficient of the gear material (K- 1); t0 is …” „… ℃. The material of the model is shown in Table 2. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017496 Table 2: Material and …” „… coefficient of thermal expansion Worm gear Gear Transmission shaft Worm Gearbox Cabin Material ZCuAlFe3 …”

B. Zhmud, J. Blomkvist, M. Fallström An advanced thermal processing & coating process for enhancing gear tribology S. 1451-1462

„… conjunction with recent advances in the areas of material science, tribology and big data analysis allow …” „… damage under tribological stress. Gear material, machining and finishing methods, lubricant, and enduse …” „… of material and process parameters that are used [1]. Nitriding imparts a high surface hardness …”

D. Iba, S. Futagawa, T. Kamimoto, M. Nakamura, N. Miura, T. Iizuka, A. Masuda, A. Sone, I. Moriwaki Print of crack detection sensor for spur gears by laser sintering of conductive ink S. 869-880

„… the lens, and the long focal distance between the laser module and materials is suitable for printing …” „… Helix angle (deg) 0 Prof. shift coef. 0 Face width (mm) 5.0 Material PA66 Fig. 4: Crack …” „… lens to the surface of material affects on the width and electrical property of sintered lines. In …”

M. Kalin, A. Kupec Wear and Fatigue Behaviour of Polymer Gears under Controlled Temperature Conditions S. 1637-1648

„… materials. However, the temperatures – even for the same load and velocity – vary greatly with testing …” „… plastic materials. But gear testing revealed that large discrepancies may exist between predicted and …” „… , 13-15], gear processing [16], gear geometry [6], counterface material [6, 13], as well the material on …”

B. Leupold, V. Janzen, G. Kotthoff, D. Eichholz Validation approach of PM gears for eDrive applications S. 119-130

„… metal particle shearing through material flow. 3. Design approach & testing When driving a customer …” „… application, PM material and process routings are defined. While for gear load calculations conventional …” „… . rolling/forging) are available. To clearly focus on the performance of the different materials and PM …”

A. K. Shojaei, P. Volgers An improved lifetime prediction technique for plastic gears through finite element analysis and continuum damage mechanics S. 1109-1112

„… Continuum Damage Mechanics Dr. Amir K. Shojaei, DuPont Performance Materials, Chestnut Run Plaza …” „… , Wilmington, USA; Dr. Pieter Volgers, DuPont Performance Materials, European Technical Centre, Meyrin …” „… , creep and fatigue predictive tool for unfilled polymers, Mechanics of Materials, Volume 106, March 2017 …”

M. Ophey, F. Klocke, C. Löpenhaus Approach for modeling grinding worm wear S. 1365-1378

„… friction and wear on the system elements and thus leads to changes in the surface, loss of material and …” „… energy dissipation within the system. [10, 11, 12] Surface Changes (Types of Wear) Material Losses …” „… on the specific material removal rate, the changing operating conditions were calculated. The model …”

D. Ghribi, C. Peyrac, M. Octrue Shot peening of gear tooth flanks: Search for an optimal surface topography against the micropitting S. 153-162

„… The improvements released the past few decades in terms of standard calculations, gear materials and …” „… optimization, in order to eliminate, or at least postpone, micropitting. 2. Material and treatments The …” „… material considered in this study was a case carburized 18CrNiMo7-6 steel, with or without, different shot …”

B. Winter Production cells in transition S. 1247-1250

„… . 2294, 2017 1249 a high degree, the material-flow in the factory between the cells is done more or less …” „… work-pieces, quality of the work-pieces, losses due to machine problems or bad raw material, etc. were …” „… manually in most cases. For example operators are needed to load and unload belts or move material boxes …”

P. Wang, M. Yang, Y. Guan, Z. Yang, Q. Li Global synthesis of speed increasing spiral bevel and hypoid gears S. 433-434

„… Mechanical and Materials Engineering, North China University of Technology, Beijing, China, The State Key …” „… , Zhenfeng Yang, Qiang Li, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, North China University of …”

M. Takahashi, T. Itagaki, N. Maeda, H. Takahashi Evaluation of developed micro-gear endurance test system and basic study on load-carrying characteristics of micro-spur-gears S. 243-252

„… in the tooth surface. The material of test gear was heat-treated alloy tool steel. The applied torque …” „… using the ISO equation was approximately 115 MPa. This value is very small for the material of test …” „… material of test gear was phosphor bronze. Table 4 lists the operating conditions. The applied torque has …”

N. Sagraloff, M. Hein, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Practical use of micropitting test results according to FVA 54/7 for calculation of micropitting load capacity acc. to ISO/TR 15144-1 S. 143-152

„… , modifications), material specifications (heat treatment, residual stresses, residual austenite), surface …” „… lubrication regimes in EHL-contacts. Commonly micropitting is observed on materials with a high surface …” „… grow deeper into the material. They may terminate or grow back to the surface, which will lead to …”

U. Kissling, M. Stangl The documentation of gearbox reliability – an upcoming demand S. 1051-1062

„… effective stress. The permissible stress is determined based on a failure probability of the material …” „… failure probability based on a Weibull distribution, taking material properties into account. After this …” „… which is the more critical component. A material strength value with a failure probability of 90% is …”

A. Miltenović, M. Banić, Ž. Mišković, R. Mitrović, V. Miltenović Prediction of heat generation in transmission bearings by application of FEM S. 1199-1208

„… cause changes in the structure and properties of sliding materials, can cause surface oxidation or even …” „… the friction and wear of the material. In order to simulate with numerical method, the behaviour of …” „… structural-thermal coupling. The thermal material properties of bearing steel 100Cr6 are given in Table 1. Properties …”

A. K. Shojaei, P. Volgers, M. Cassata Advanced modeling and experimental techniques for fatigue life prediction of plastic gears S. 1575-1582

„… . Amir K. Shojaei, DuPont Performance Materials, Chestnut Run Plaza, Wilmington, DE, USA; Dr. Pieter …” „… Volgers, DuPont Performance Materials, European Technical Centre, Meyrin, Geneva, Switzerland; Dr …” „… . VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 20171578 Acknowledgment This study was supported by DuPont Performance Materials and …”

M. Brumm, H. Müller Cyber physical gear production system – Vision of industry 4.0 gear production S. 1209-1218

„… design of bevel gears is based on material models that describe the load carrying capacity of the basic …” „… material. The strength of the material was determined by standard tests on standard reference gear …” „… geometry. Thus the strength of the material must be adapted to the geometry of the individual gear …”

J. Fechler, M. Böhm, S. Aberle, V. Merz A contribution to the NVH behavior of plastic gears in automotive applications S. 1531-1540

„… - VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017 1531 gets furthermore. The material plastic offers the chance and possibility to …” „… (solid line) and corresponds to the theoretical approach. Taking into account the real material …” „… application of plastics. Looking at the noise an additional strength of plastic materials is its higher …”

S. Stoyanov, V. Dobrev, A. Dobreva Investigating dynamic behavior of planetary gear trains through the systematic approach S. 197-208

„… furthermore by applying appropriate software products. The objective of the presented material is to …” „… simulation with great deformations and nonlinear behavior of material including inertia effects as results …” „… favorable conditions; F – Facilitating enforceability because of familiar know-how, materials and favorable …”

D. Krüger, E. Leidich, I. Römhild, R. Heß, H. Linke Geometry, pitting and tooth root capacity of asymmetric gears S. 751-768

„… component. However, due to the limited material extent in tooth tip direction, the material is softer and …” „… stress sensitivity of the material, which is equal to the slope of the lines for the stress limit in …” „… depends from the mean stress sensitivity of the material significantly. Furthermore, in general the …”

T. Aoyama, H. Inokura, Y. Shibata Prediction of plastic deformation in hypoid gears S. 669-682

„… layers with different material characteristics, approximated measured hardness distributions as shown in …” „… deformation decreased by modification of both the gear dimensions and material characteristics. Using gear …” „… . Material σmij Internal stress σyldij Yield stress Afij VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017 679 Fig. 15 …”

M. F. Stangl, U. Kissling, A. Pogacnik A procedure to find best fitting dresser with grinding worm for a new design S. 1307-1318

„… pre-machining processes, which need a certain amount of stock material for the final machining steps after the …” „… usually several contact points between the gearwheel and the worm, where the material is removed. Fig …” „… 1309 The cylindrical grinding worm is typically made from CBN (cubic boron nitride) and loses material …”

R. Nemoto, E. Tamura, N. Seyama, E. Tanaka Friction loss and surface durability of WN gears – A Comparison with involute gears S. 1133-1138

„… gear material was S45C according to JIS and these test gears were tempered (HV280). The center …” „… Material S45C(JIS) Heat treatment tempered 3. Experimental Results Figures 2, 3, and 4 show the …”

A. Lohrengel, M. Heß Thrust cone bearings provide increased efficiency for helical gear units at moderate speed levels – Indications for possible energy saving potential in an expanded field of application S. 231-242

„… effect on the bearable equivalent pressure. The choice of material and the contact width seem to be less …” „… . parameters results surface angle track width material slippage nitride surface max. axial force equivalent …” „… 230,8 material: 34CrMo4 232,5 30CrNiMo8 233,0 slippage: 5 % 243,1 10 % 222,4 nitride: no 214,0 yes …”

B. Bauer, R. Hambrecht, A. Kube Thermal analysis and optimization of gearboxes by simulation S. 917-926

„… continuous increase of power density. New and better materials, enhanced manufacturing technologies and …” „… one is the heat transfer from the oil to the housing material, subdivided in areas with and without …” „… housing material and then passes an individual distance to reach an outside surface location. For any …”

M. Oehler, B. Magyar, B. Sauer A new standardizable calculation method to predict the efficiency of worm gear drives S. 363-372

„… purposes. For all experiments the same kind of materials (worm: 16MnCr5, worm wheel: CuSn12Ni) is used …” „… using a combination of materials (steel 16MnCr5 and bronze CuSn12Ni), which are typical for power …” „… and is mainly dependent on the materials of the gears and the type of lubricant. The method for …”

I. Atanasovska, H. Abderazek Comparative analysis of few new procedures for spur gears tooth profile optimization with different methods and aspects S. 1169-1176

„… ., Momcilovic D.: Explicit Parametric Method for Optimal Spur Gear Tooth Profile Definition. Advanced Materials …” „… Research 633 (2013): Advances in Engineering Materials, Product and Systems Design (Special topic volume …”

R. Saito, Y. Suzuki, K. Matsuo The effect on tooth root breakage strength of tooth root shapes resulting from differing hobbing conditions S. 733-740

„… material components and their hardness, and parameters relating to the materials like residual compressive …”

C. Weber, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Investigation on the flank surface durability of gears with increased pressure angle S. 173-184

„… carburized gears are characterized by a shell-shaped material fracture in the area of the active flank …” „… material 18CrNiMo7-6 and were case-hardened and conventionally ground (only flank area) after heat …” „… as all test gears were made of the same material in the same production batch. Therefore all tested …”

M. Hein, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Test method for time-scaled fatigue tests of gear transmission systems S. 1073-1084

„… quantify material changes during the running time. Gears have been dismounted from the test rig during the …” „… example) The results of the examinations prove a change of different (local) material properties with …” „… measurements are subject to common scattering because of the inhomogeneous structure of the material and the …”

X. Gou, L. Zhu, C. Qi Modelling of a gear-rotor system considered tooth contact temperature and its dynamic characteristics S. 1177-1184

„… internal hysteresis and the material properties. The flash temperature of the tooth surface of driving …” „… material. ( 1,2)ki i is the addendum pressure angle of two gears, respectively (deg). ( 1,2)biu i in …”

D. Liang, B. Chen, R. Tan, C. Li Tooth profiles design and stress analysis of double helical gear transmissions with geometric elements constructed tooth pairs S. 411-420

„… point and constraint surface. The entire material is 20CrMnTi and the properties of material are: μ …”

L. Geng, N. Mimi, L. Lan, Z. Ying, W. Liyan Mesh stiffness of cylindrical gear including tooth surface – Friction based on FEA method S. 807-814

„… mechanics of material regarding the gear tooth as a cantilever beam VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017 807 which …” „… material parameter, respectively, R is the equivalent contact radius at the contact point, 1/E*=0.5[(1-v12 …”

M. W. Seidel, A. Zösch, K. Härtel Grinding burn inspection – tools for supervising and objectifying of the testing process S. 1003-1014

„… martensite, a lower hardness than the unaffected material and by tensile residual stress. Re-hardened zones …” „… Zahnflankenprofilschleifen; Dissertation WZL Aachen 2011 [11] Mook, G.; Simonin, J.: Surface and subsurface material …”

Y. Cai, L. Yao, Z. Xie, J. Zhang, C. Peng Influence analysis of system parameters on characteristics of the nutation drive with double circular arc spiral bevel gears S. 435-446

„… bevel gears. Material Science Forum, 2005, 505: 949-954. [9] Y. J. Cai, L. G. Yao, et al. Kinematics …” „… meshing double circular-arc spiral bevel gears. Advanced materials research, 2014, 945: 822-825. [12] J …”

P. Norgauer, W. Sigmund, D. Kadach, K. Stahl Comprehensive simulation methods for crossed helical gear sets with the main focus on the calculation of contact patterns S. 353-362

„… medical devices. Various materials such as steel, cast iron, bronze or plastic are used for crossed …” „… this gear type are actuators for example in automobiles or medical devices. Various materials such as …”

R. Müller, L. Schirmer New tolerance concepts for the realization of steel-only worm gears S. 467-478

„… the recycling of copper will be necessary [1]. Thus, copper should not be used as a wear material …” „… and therefore further savings in material. Furthermore, the reduced abrasion contaminates the gear …”

J. I. Pedrero, M. Pleguezuelos, M. B. Sánchez Load sharing model for spur gears with tip relief – An investigation on the influence of profile modifications on the mesh stiffness S. 795-806

„… the amount of material eliminated at tip relieves is very small, the gear meshing stiffness may be …” „… pressure line reducing the noise, vibration and dynamic load levels. Usually the amount of material …”

A. Şorea, F. Buus Bendixen Reluctance magnetic gear – Magnetic gears, no longer toothless S. 615-622

„… with central wall Overmould flux guides with ceramic materials Multiple gear ratios which means it is …”

A. Mihailidis, G. Korbetis, N. Drivakos, I. Nerantzis Finite element method based analysis of planetary gear systems considering backlash and manufacturing deviations S. 75-82

„… strongly on design, material and operation conditions. Modern analysis methods, such as the Finite Element …”

E. Tanaka, H.-C. Lin Gear diagnostic system using zonal laser beam for practical use S. 845-856

„… the previously measured same material, heat treatment, roughness data. In this method, it can be …”

K. Kanto, T. Yamada, S. Komatsu, J. Morishita, I. Yamaji, A. Kubo Non-contact measurement of 3D tooth flank form accuracy of bevel gears on 5-axis machining center S. 1039-1050

„… measurement of unknown shape raw material easily. High-speed scanning of non-contact measurement is suitable …”

S. Vonderschmidt, A. Vonderschmidt, R. Vonderschmidt A novel magnetic angular transmission S. 591-602

„… material can no longer absorb magnetic field lines, so the field lines must follow another path. This …”

E. Böyükbaş, H. J. Stadtfeld Surface structure shift for ground bevel gears S. 1391-1402

„… removed material particles at the beginning of the grinding contact were dragged along the entire face …”

B. Schlecht, T. Schulze, K. Riedel Tooth contact analysis under load on double helical-geared planetary gearboxes S. 83-96

„… development in terms of material as well as manufacturing technology, epicyclical gearings function as torque …”

J. Papies Load distribution in planetary gears considering effects of manufacturing tolerances with a statistical approach S. 783-794

„… using the Monte-Carlo method. Material fatigue resistance, external loads, gear quality or effects of …”

D. Strasser, S. Troll, R. Sperlich, J. Münch Reliability safeguarding for an 8 MW wind energy gearbox in serial production – Prototype and process development ensuring stable quality at the highest level S. 1085-1100

„… . 2294, 20171086 teeth. The component sizes and weight lead to advantages for logistics, material …”

B. Schlecht, F. Müller, S. Schumann Simulation and measurement of tooth flank deviations on bevel gears caused by pitting and micro pitting S. 293-304

„… material and lubrication were taken into account. Regarding his research on hypoid gears, he added the …”

E. Erkilic, Z. Burcay Optimizing tooth proportions to improve topland Saribay balance in aerospace bevel gears S. 447-456

„… Bevel Gear Tooth Surfaces,» University of Illinois at Chicago Circle, Department of Material Engineering …”

P. Tenberge, D. Kupka, T. Panéro Influential criteria on the optimization of a gearbox, with application to an automatic transmission S. 253-266

„… deflections and misalignments. It is also important to mention that the materials of the different elements …”

Z. Roth, J. Opferkuch High load capacity gear root fillet contour with a bézier curve S. 719-732

„… space by the Bézier root fillet. This phenomenon indicates that the material utilization is almost …”

L. Zhao, R. C. Frazer, B. A. Shaw The influence of overlap ratio on transmission error in parallel axis gears S. 939-952

„… Transmission Error and Mesh Stiffness. Mechanics and Materials,2013, Vols 365-366 pp 327-330. [4] Y A …”

S. T. Ping, Y. M. Shao, L. M. Wang, H. W. Li, J. Xu, Y. Cheng, J. Liu The influence of mesh misalignment on planetary gear set with time-varying mesh stiffness S. 219-230

„… obtained by mechanics of materials. 21 1 0 cos sin1 L b x x h dx K EI , 2 1 0 1.2 cos1 L s x …”

M. Nakagawa, D. Nishida, D. Sah, T. Hirogaki Development of novel test stand for three-axis driving planetary gear train control and analysis of novel PGT for noise reduction S. 331-340

„… diameter [mm] 30 15 60 --- Base diameter [mm] 28.2 14.1 56.4 --- Mass [kg] 0.09 0.027 0.28 0.72 Material …”

P. Garambois, E. Rigaud, J. Perret-Liaudet Robust optimization of gear macro and micro-geometries in order to minimize static transmission error and gear stiffness fluctuations S. 927-938

„… material choice is set, a maximum specific glide gs is set (default value = 2.5), the dedendum coefficient …”

T. Schöler, H. Binz, M. Bachmann Method for the pre-dimensioning of beveloid gears – Efficient design of main gearing data S. 565-578

„… [°] - 10 b/d1 [-] 0.35 stage helix angle [°] 10 Σxges [-] 0.8 material [-] 16MnCr5 18CrNiMo7-8 main gearing …”

E. Rigaud, P.-H. Cornuault, B. Bazin, E. Grandais-Menant Prediction of the vibroacoustic response of an electric window-lift gear motor S. 635-648

„… the ferromagnetic material. The thickness of the stator is oversized. The line resistance is 0.15 …”

Y. Zhao Curvature interference characteristic of conical surface Enveloping Spiroid S. 835-844

„… Materials, Vol. 86 (2011), pp. 352-356. [10] Yaping Zhao, Yimin Zhang, Determination of the Most Dangerous …”

G. Goch, K. Ni, Y. Peng, A. Günther Paradigm change in cylindrical gear metrology using areal measurement and evaluation S. 1025-1038

„… , or local material inhomogeneities cause different deviations on each tooth flank. Therefore, each …”

A. von Freyberg, A. Fischer Automatic geometry segmentation of involute flank regions S. 1015-1024

„… distortions. Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 43 (2012) 1‐2, pp. 120-124. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294 …”

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PIAE Europe 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2418 2023

Results in this title

G. Gardère, A. Kezmane Composite Material for Automotive Mass Production Applications S. 343-354

„… Composite Material for Automotive Mass Production Applications Guillaume Gardère, Ph.D. Ali …” „… teams started seriously investigating composite materials that were easy to process for mass production …” „… and compatible with plastic injection. They selected a composite material named “organosheet” and …”

E. Spini, R. Galeazzi Reinforced polyamides with low environmental impact: post-consumer materials S. 627-644

„… Reinforced polyamides with low environmental impact: post-consumer materials Sophisticated …” „… Polymers, a vertically integrated manufacturer specializing in polyamide materials, has offered low …” „… Textile Solutions business area. These so-called Post-industrial Recycled (PIR) materials are already used …”

W. Schijve, R. Bhairi, F. Becker, K. Fischer, M. Emonts Multi-material options for future fire and impact resistant battery casings S. 395-412

„… Multi-material options for future fire and impact resistant battery casings W. Schijve, R. Bhairi …” „… participating (as by April 2023), AZL has designed and analysed many multi-material battery casing solutions …” „… reference casing. Detailed cost analysis showed that many multi-material solutions, containing composites …”

T. Köppl, Florian Dresel Reducing the carbon footprint of materials and processes for soft-touch applications S. 149-158

„… Reducing the carbon footprint of materials and processes for soft-touch applications Dr.-Ing …” „… . Thomas Köppl, Florian Dresel, HEXPOL TPE GmbH, Lichtenfels Abstract The use of recycled materials …” „… , the switch to recyclable designs and the carbon footprint reduction of materials and processes are …”

A. Bunjes Systematic investigations into the molecular and material properties of impact-modified PP recyclates for automotive applications S. 601-612

„… Systematic investigations into the molecular and material properties of impact-modified PP …” „… the material properties of the recyclates. These property changes depend on the history of the …” „… strength the recyclates investigated are comparable to virgin materials. The notched impact strength of …”

S. Weidmann, T. Hoffmann, M. Duhovic, J. Weber, P. Mitschang Cutting-edge joining processes for TP-FRPC and multi-material structures made of TP-FRPC and metals S. 673-688

„… Cutting-edge joining processes for TP-FRPC and multi-material structures made of TP-FRPC and …” „… known for their excellent material performance, efficient production technologies and good recyclability …” „… . They are considered to be a key material technology for the future, where fully automated and efficient …”

T. Neumeyer, R. Fachtan, B. Trinkwalter Production of functionally integrated soft-touch components based on new TPE materials in a single-stage injection-molding process S. 495-506

„… Production of functionally integrated soft-touch components based on new TPE materials in a …” „… control panels. So far, however, neither the materials nor the process technology are available to enable …” „… – development of new materials for the realization of functionally integrated soft-touch components in a …”

A. Munch Elmér, H. Palokangas Materialsmart – Materialchoice – The key to de-carbonizing your products S. 229-238

„… Materialsmart®-concept, a tool to simplify plastic material choice for sustainable design. Materialsmart® is based on …” „… polymer material choice is the Materialsmart® -concept. This tool is created by a process based LCA and …” „… be done. Materialsmart® gives direct figures to compare plastic raw material options. Materialsmart …”

T. Neumeyer, R. Fachtan, B. Trinkwalter Herstellung funktionsintegrierter Softtouch-Komponenten auf Basis neuer TPE-Materialien in einem einstufigen Spritzgießprozess S. 507-518

„… Material-klasse wurde PC (Polycarbonat) verwendet. Alle Schichten des Aufbaus erfordern für die spätere …” „… Anwendungen neuartige Materialen und angepasste Verarbei-tungstechnologien bereitzustellen. Das Konsortium …” „… Haut ähnelnden Haptik sorgen. Dabei wurde die „Zielhaptik“ zu Beginn der Materialent-wicklung im Rahmen …”

B. Pesche, R. Vollet-Binet Renault MEGANE e-Tech plastic tailgate – Lightweight and sustainability as DNA S. 73-82

„… integration. Visible areas for the customer are directly imaged with the PP long glass fiber materials without …” „… additional treatment step. Celanese provides more than material selection. We understand the importance of …” „… molding material - and technology leader. The next innovation leap in the field of long fiber …”

W. Hübsch, H. Dannbauer, C. Gaier, S. Fischmeister Development process of short-fiber-reinforced plastic components with regard to structural durability S. 301-320

„… suitability formass production. On the other hand, this type of material reacts sensitively to environmental …” „… metallic materials – can be used. Even other influences such asgeometric notches, mean stress influences …” „… , orthotropic material behavior VDI-Berichte Nr. 2418, 2023 3011. Introduction Lightweight construction plays an …”

S. Lang, C. Niermann Sustainably high-quality! Are recyclates the only way to reduce CO2? S. 159-182

„… for CO2 reduction in the plastics industry. In addition to the selection of the materials themselves …” „… life') can also influence the sustainability of plastic components. As regards the choice of materials …” „… biobased and recycled materials in the chemical industry. They ensure the traceability of sustainable …”

M. Doedt Qualification of recyclates – News from standardization and testing S. 457-466

„… material-specific standard for ABS recyclates VDI-Berichte Nr. 2418, 2023 461is in progress. Further standards will …” „… , supply stability is a common barrier to use, as materials from different suppliers are often difficult to …” „… compare. For the comparability of material qualities, DIN SPEC 91446 introduces data quality levels (DQL …”

M. Barbolini, F. Naudin Cooling pipes for high performance application based on PPS S. 123-128

„… Automotive, Laives, Italy; Ing. François Naudin, Celanese Engineering Materials, Sulzbach Abstract THERMAL …” „… situation, PIT technology was applied by using a high-performance thermoplastic material like PPS. This …” „… material solution in fact offers good hydrolysis resistance even at high temperatures since the actual …”

D. Braun, E. Kougioumtzi, O. Geiger, M. Prinz From Scrap Tires to Door Handles S. 427-436

„… directive [1]. With the planned revision, a stricter definition of material-related recyclate quotas and the …” „… series production was awarded the Materialica Award in the category Material with the "Best of Award" in …” „… Umweltschutz - Material, RD/RSE, Mercedes-Benz AG, Sindelfingen; Oliver Geiger, Michael Prinz, BASF SE …”

C. Scarazzo Building a closed-loop: Molecular recycling of automotive plastic waste S. 585-600

„… should be recovered using high-yield, material-to-material recycling  Environmental and social impact …” „… create a better way  Closed-loop technology will create new sustainable, engineered materials from …” „… , up to 20% of the material is considered automotive shedder light fraction (SLF), also called …”

J. Haspel, C. Höfs Engineering plastics as enablers for HV battery systems of the next generation S. 103-112

„… materials in a complex and costly manner, despite engineering plastics offering great potential here through …” „… requirements for materials. Engineering plastics can beprecisely adapted to the needs of the automotive …” „… or a thermal runaway of the electrical cells [2]. At first sight, the material of choice is metals …”

E. Metzsch-Zilligen Waste4Future – Innovative recycling approach for the automotive industry? S. 451-456

„… material-oriented and highly digitized recycling process with improved energy and resource efficiency. Plastics are …” „… . VDI-Berichte Nr. 2418, 2023 453Holistic strategy to shift from process- to material-oriented recycling. Life …” „… recycling route is determined. Fig. 1 illustrates the material-oriented recycling approach using advanced …”

C. Bouvatier, S. Oener Lower stiffener of the Porsche 992 GT3 in PAIM technology S. 1-16

„… and/or materials. The exceptional aerodynamic requirements present the GT vehicles with the challenge of …” „… consideration as the optimal material. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2418, 2023 7After numerous tests with different types …” „… of materials (PP-CF20, PA66-GF30, etc.), the polyamide 6.6 GF30 Weromid was defined as a material …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XII

„… Jobwall & Guided Tours+ New Mobility Area and Future Zone EngineeringTomorrows Materials#Preflight Lx3 am …” „… Materials/WerkstoffeDevelopment process of short-fiber-reinforced plastic components with regard to structural durability 301 …” „… Performance Polymers, Chignolo d’Isola, Italy Materials/WerkstoffeCombined methods for polymer …”

F. Meißen, H. Gleich The next level of polymer parts in CAE – From the process to the process chain, from the individual part to the assembly S. 355-362

„… have under control technological risks such as the processing of new materials and the introduction of …” „… . In particular, ignorance of the details of the material used often leads to the simulation giving a …” „… virtual validation which precise material from which supplier is ultimately preferred by the purchasing …”

M. Doedt Qualifizierung von Rezyklaten – Neuigkeiten aus der Standardisierung und Prüfung S. 467-478

„… sehen, wie gut die Datenqualität des Materials sind, was einen schnellen Vergleich von Materialien und …” „… dem Material liegen vor. Die DIN SPEC 91446 enthält zudem Vorlagen für Produktdatenblätter, Labels …” „… Post-Consumer-Recycling. Je nach Quelle können die Materialqualitäten zwischen oder sogar innerhalb von Materialchargen …”

M. Schlummer, D. Arends Recycling of Plastics from Automotive Shredder Residues S. 275-288

„… CreaSolv® Process1 follows the approach of selectively dissolving thermoplastic materials and purifying the …” „… contaminants like fibers and fillers can be removed from the targeted thermoplastic material to recover pure …” „… , try to develop products that are designed for recycling and ways of including secondary material into …”

C. Salles Addressing the sustainability challenges of Automotive: Everminds – a Holistic approach from a PO industry leading producer S. 289-300

„… materials. The successive IPCC (The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change) reports have well documented …” „… footprint compared with other materials and versatile properties making them suitable for an always growing …” „… reduction of the GWP of our polyolefins materials - Circularisation, and reusing plastic at the end of …”

S. Sampson, L. Fredriksson, M. Bromberger Design for Sustainability Targeting the Strategic Application of Topology Optimization – Lightweighting of structural parts and subsystems S. 437-450

„… designs and provides new opportunities to allow for example a material substitution or to consider …” „… streamlining of the development decision making process: ● Material data availability: Consistent and …” „… comprehensive material data and database infrastructure know-how for better decision-making ● Virtual material …”

F. Groh, R. Apfelbeck, W. v. Gilst, A. Karl Innovative shear panel in plastic for vehicles with shortened battery modules S. 519-532

„… (DP780) with a cathodic dip coating (x633) is currently used as the material for the shear panel. Fig …” „… (wall thickness: 1 mm, material: DP780) must also be given a cathodic dip coating in order to meet the …” „… component is used in the MEB platform (wall thickness: 2 mm, material: PP-GF20). This so-called cW underbody …”

T. Lindemann Lightweight Thermoplastic Swing Doors for EVs S. 129-134

„… .  Thermoplastic resin materials offer more styling freedom, enabling brand differentiation.  Innovative use of …” „… advanced high strength materials and manufacturing processes Replacement for Steel Swing Door Variant As …” „… requirements demand that OEMs find new materials and innovative applications to aid in the dramatic reduction …”

A. Bunjes Systematische Untersuchungen molekularer und werkstofflicher Eigenschaften von schlagzähmodifizierten PP-Rezyklaten für die Automobilanwendung S. 613-626

„… . VDI-Berichte Nr. 2418, 2023616Tabelle 1: Rezyklatanteile der untersuchten Materialien Material Rezyklatanteil R …” „… Gebrauch (Pre Consumer): Material, das beim Herstellungsverfahren aus dem Abfallstrom abgetrennt wird …” „… wiederverwendet werden können.  Abfall nach Gebrauch (Post Consumer): Material aus Haushalten …”

J. Haspel, C. Höfs Technische Kunststoffe als Wegbereiter für HV-Batteriesysteme der nächsten Generation S. 113-122

„… Materialien nicht berücksichtigt. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2418, 2023120Carbon footprint* kg CO2 / kg material …” „… Durchgehens der elektrischen Zellen flammwidrig verhalten. [2] Das Material der Wahl sind auf den ersten …” „… , gemeinsam einen seriennahen Technologie-Demonstrator entwickelt, wobei Envalior die Material- und Kautex …”

F. Meißen, H. Gleich The next level of polymer part CAE – Vom Prozess zur Prozesskette, vom Einzelteil zur Baugruppe S. 363-370

„… . Überdies wäre es wünschenswert, zu jedem realen Material eine virtuelle Materialkarte mitgeliefert zu …” „… Unkenntnis über Details des eingesetzten Materials führen häufig dazu, dass die Simulation ein anderes …” „… entschieden, welches genaue Material von welchem Lieferanten durch den Einkauf letztendlich präferiert wird …”

T. Weyer Decorative and Functional Front Panels for BEVs – MEZZOTM Plus Panel S. 547-552

„… using in-mold film.  Combining innovative materials and process technologies achieves a high-quality …” „… functional lighting technologies utilizing Magna’s next-generation materials and processes. This Mezzo Plus …” „… forward-facing surfaces using advanced plastics and thoughtful design. This includes materials that allow …”

N. Dingenouts, M. Wilhelm Combined methods for polymer characterization in rheology and SEC S. 645-658

„… Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Abstract Polymeric materials get their flexible application …” „… flow of materials [1]. For the processing properties of polymeric melts, oscillating melt rheology is …” „… relation to technical processing, e.g. in the extrusion of polymeric materials. Since rheology is an …”

N. Schlutig Pushing the boundaries of eco-solutions based on recycled polypropylene compounds for contributing to sustainable cars of the future S. 213-228

„… advantages, weight reduction and manufacturing processes. Integration of post-industrial materials into our …” „… recycled glass-fiber polypropylene. Recently renamed THERMOFIL CIRCLE™, this material delivers quality and …” „… technical characteristics similar to those of a virgin material. SPCEU will further develop the mechanisms …”

R. Hofer, M. Jacobi 26% weight savings in an automotive headlight housing due t o MuCell® foaming technology S. 383-388

„… material (Inopol CS 1-2140, which is a PP T40) with the aid of a foaming test tool, which had been …” „… , with whose aid the material card was optimized for injection-molding simulation Warpage improvement …” „… the influence of temperature distribution in the mold on the shrinkage behavior of the material. Fig …”

C. Bouvatier, S. Oener Lower Stiffener Porsche 992 GT3 in PI-Technik S. 17-32

„… Projektil-Nachdruck Ein kontrolliertes Ventil steuert diesen Vorgang und leitet das überflüssige Material zur …” „… Entsorgung um. (s. Bilder 14) Das vom Projektil in den Überlaufkanal geschobene Material kann man über die …” „… zur Wiederverwendung: 1. Material aus dem Überlaufkanal schreddern und für andere Artikel einsetzen 2 …”

W. Hübsch, H. Dannbauer, C. Gaier, S. Fischmeister Entwicklungsprozess kurzfaserverstärkter Kunststoffkomponenten bezüglich Betriebsfestigkeit S. 321-342

„… (isotropen) Materialen stehen Datenbasen oder sogar Materialdatenschätzer bzw. Materialge-neratoren zur …” „… Materials auszuschöpfen. Für die Entwicklung solch eines Materialgenerators sind sehr viele Daten und daher …” „… , können zusätzlich einfließen und das zu jedem Zeitpunkt der Material-generierung. Der Prozess ist so …”

M. Lindemann Hybridisierung im Leichtbau – aber recycelbar! S. 413-426

„… because a rethink is taking place worldwide on how to deal with energy and material resources. The …” „… material "plastic" with the help of renewable, biodegradable and petrochemical raw materials. Increasingly …” „… the material cycle by type. That is why every product is being assessed more and more closely in terms …”

G. J. Anderson Dynamic Fatigue Testing of Polyamide 6 – The Determination of S-N Curves for an Anisotropic Glass Filled PA6 S. 371-382

„… strength of the material. S-N Curves are a plot of Stress Level verses the Number of Cycles to failure …” „… of the underlying constituents of the multi-phase material. Multiaxial failure criteria that account …” „… materials. [4] Modelling was performed by the OEM and not part of this testing. Fatigue Testing Apparatus …”

S. Lang, C. Niermann Nachhaltig hochwertig! Sind Rezyklate der einzige Weg zur CO2-Reduzierung? S. 183-212

„… zutreffend ist, sofern das Material biogenen Kohlenstoff enthält, eine Mindestanforderung an den Gehalt …” „… 2 und Methan [16]. Zerfällt das biologisch abbaubare Material, ohne dass die entstehenden …” „… beiden Fällen der im Material enthaltene Kohlenstoff in CO2 umgewandelt und emittiert wird. Betrachtet …”

H. Häberle Use of plastic in the new MAN truck – sustainable solutions, also through the use of recyclates S. 83-92

„… materials and definition of the process steps to produce the corresponding components. The next logical step …” „… effort is then also reflected – in addition to the material costs – in the part price. In contrast, with …” „… behavior was somewhat worse than that of the original material. A change-over to recyclate was not possible …”

H.P.C. van Heerbeek LNP™ SLX Resins for Exterior (Lighted) Auto Grill Designs S. 135-148

„… . Some of the key properties for materials used in these applications are high impact strength, heat …” „… ) material data files. An automotive grill was designed in KeyShot and the AxF material data files of …” „… diffusive SLX1271D material files to highlight the area of diffusive light guide. The AxF material files of …”

N. Dingenouts, M. Wilhelm Kombinierte Methoden zur Polymercharakterisierung in Rheologie und SEC S. 659-672

„… auch Orientierung der Polymerketten oder Spannungen im Material beeinflussen die lokale Dynamik …” „… Methode zur qualitativen und quantitativen Bestimmung der chemischen Zusammensetzung eines Ma-terials in …” „… : Veranschaulichung der Verteilung der drei wichtigsten molekularen Kenngrößen ei-nes polymeren Materials im 3D-Raum …”

Polycarbonatbasierte Karosseriebauteile mit Funktionsintegration Polycarbonate-based body components with functional integration S. 553-584

„… great deal of movement in pre-development, so that new opportunities are arising for materials and …” „… , material purity and component precision are required for this as well as installation conditions that …” „… the basis of Makrolon® AG; © Car Men Material selection In summary, it can be said that the following …”

F. Groh, R. Apfelbeck, W. v. Gilst, A. Karl Innovatives Schubfeld in Kunststoffbauweise für Fahrzeuge mit verkürzten Batteriemodulen S. 533-546

„… Prototypenherstellung ist der Übersicht halber in die drei Schritte Material-aufbereitung (1), Pressprozess (2) und …” „… metallischer Bauweise ausgeführt. Das eingesetzte Stahlblech (Wandstärke: 1 mm, Material: DP780) muss …” „… Verkleidungsbauteil aus Kunststoff zum Einsatz (Wandstärke: 2 mm, Material: PP-GF20). Diese sog. cW-Boden-verkleidung …”

R. Hofer, M. Jacobi 26% Gewichtsersparnis bei einem automobilen Frontscheinwerfergehäuse durch die MuCell®-Schäumtechnologie S. 389-394

„… Arburg GmbH + Co KG eine Validierung des Fließverhaltens des Materials (Inopol CS 1-2140, ein PP T40 …” „… , um den Einfluss der Temperaturverteilung im Werkzeug auf das Schwindungsverhalten des Materials …” „… Versuchswerkzeug dargestellt, mit deren Hilfe die Materialkarte für die Spritzgusssimulation optimiert wurde …”

Entwicklung Leichtbau-Unterfahrschutz für BEVs in FVK-Bauweise Development of a lightweight underride guard for BEVs in FRP S. 61-72

„… construction using DLFT or GMT as the core material. In this case, instead of organic sheets with a woven …” „… mechanical properties and the lightweighting properties. Here, the advantages of the thermoplastic materials …” „… materials with a thickness of up to 1.5 mm are glued to the component side facing the cells. This measure …”

K. C. Keller What society and values could look like tomorrow – And what that could mean for the automotive future S. 689-XIV

„… Materials#Preflight Lx3 am März 8, 2019 | 07:39:11 | 210.3 mm x 75.92 mmYour benefits• International industry meeting …” „… there-fore did not prepare well for the impacts of any of the following: supply-chain problems, mate-rials …” „… Blockchain could be utilised to track the emissions, materials, working-conditions and history of every part …”

F. Wazula, H. Tattko, A. Sumfleth Star panel of the Mercedes Benz EQS – New design meets new challenges S. 33-46

„… demanding challenges in the 'direct visual field' of the vehicle, new innovations in both material and …” „… prevailing process temperatures are close to the softening point of the materials used but are necessary for …” „… finished component after its production, which can be summarized as follows: ‐ Material tests …”

M. Fischer Smart front and rear panels by purposefully combined plastic processing S. 479-494

„… semi-transparent will enable new material concepts in the VDI-Berichte Nr. 2418, 2023 479automotive exterior …” „… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2418, 20234804. addressing the needs of impact performance by the correct material setup 5 …”

H. Häberle Kunststoffeinsatz beim neuen MAN-Lkw – nachhaltige Lösungen, auch durch den Einsatz von Rezyklaten! S. 93-102

„… dieser Baugruppe wieder aus dem gleichen Material herstellen zu können, wurden weitere Untersuchungen …” „… Werkzeuge, etc. pp.. Dieser Aufwand spiegelt sich dann natürlich auch – neben den Materialkosten – im …”

M. Däbritz, K. Scherer Halving the CO2 footprint through process integration in the production of coated plastic parts S. 239-256

„… different components and materials, can in most cases only be achieved in this way. And of course, the …”

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