VDI Verlag eLibrary

Theory and Application of the Lang-Gilles Observer for Distillation Processes

Maxim Stuckert

Series: Mess-, Steuerungs- und Regelungstechnik

Volume 1253 2016

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Analysis of the Lang-Gilles observer S. 52-81

„… 3 Analysis of the Lang-Gilles observer In this chapter, some theoretical results on convergence of …” „… show the convergence of the high-gain observer. Furthermore, the authors suppose that this observer is …” „… observer. There are even less convergence results for coupled 55 3 Analysis of the Lang-Gilles observer …”

Summary and conclusions S. 119-122

„… crucial. There are no theoretical studies on the convergence behavior of the Lang-Gilles observer either …” „… . To close this gap, we examined the conditions for convergence of the Lang-Gilles observer for plants …” „… of arbitrary size. Three theorems with di erent assumptions implying observer convergence were proved …”

Introduction S. 1-7

„… to apply state observers in practice, their convergence and robustness with respect to the modeling …” „… errors and measurement noise should be veri ed beforehand. The convergence of linear state observers can …” „… state estimators are less clear. In particular, the convergence of the Lang-Gilles observer (Lang and …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XII

„… mixtures – Nonlinear state observer – Observer convergence – Observer tuning – Tray efficiency …” „… toluene . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.2.2 Convergence of the Lang-Gilles observer …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 3.2.3 Plant observer in a compact form for theoretical analysis . . . . . . 58 3.3 Convergence …”

Efficiency estimation in distillation columns S. 82-96

„… analysis into three steps. In a rst step, the su cient conditions for observer convergence need to be …” „… distillation modelling and the theory of the Lang-Gilles observer. In the following, we will present two …” „… applications of this observer. In the last chapter, the separation e ciency of a column was assumed to be known …”

Appendix S. 123-143

„… controller observer condenser (2.45a) (2.45d) (2.53a) (2.53c) (2.53a) (2.53c) partial condenser (2.46a …” „… equations from Section 2.4.1; in controller/observer models based on equations from Section 2.4.2, constant …” „… . The observer models are also based on the models from Section 2.4.2. The observer correction term was …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186253088

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International Conference on Gears 2017

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2294 2017

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J. Neufond, Y. Xu, J. Perret-Liaudet, E. Rigaud The iterative spectral method for computing the planetary gear dynamic response S. 209-218

„… ) One makes the convergence test on the measurement of the increment vector. This test is based on the …” „… step which has to be small enough to ensure numerical convergence. Furthermore, it is necessary, as …” „… shown in figure (2), to wait the end of the transitional regime in order to observe the desired dynamic …”

E. Erkilic, Z. Burcay Optimizing tooth proportions to improve topland Saribay balance in aerospace bevel gears S. 447-456

„… , guidelines in AGMA 2005-D03 and AGMA 929-A06 are used to calculate initial tooth proportions and observe …” „… optimization was adopted to avoid convergence to local minima. Uncertainties from operating load, mesh …” „… point of the root line. In order to observe these effects at both toe and heel end of the flanks, root …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181022948

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Model-based diagnosis of electronic cooling fan drive systems

Michael Pagel

Series: Mess-, Steuerungs- und Regelungstechnik

Volume 1262 2018

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Fault Detection and Diagnosis of the electrical motor: Online Parameter Acquisition S. 40-98

„… observer structure, that takes the winding and ambient air temperature as an input to derive the current …” „… owing through the motor coils. Thus, the observer utilized for reconstruction of the rotor angle and …” „… be repeated for each new application or motor design (Benecke (1966)). 4.4.3 MIMO Model with Observer …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186262080

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The hierarchical finite cell method for problems in structural mechanics

Meysam Joulaian

Series: Mechanik/Bruchmechanik

Volume 348 2017

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The spectral cell method S. 111-132

„… . Due to its simple mesh generation and capability of delivering high convergence rates, the finite cell …” „… , we would at first like to compare the convergence behavior of the spectral element method to the …” „… interest in applications like this, we take a look at the convergence of the quantities related to …”

Local enrichment of the FCM S. 72-110

„… within elements, there will be a significant reduction in the convergence rate of the method. To avoid …” „… – there is expected to be a reduction in the convergence rate of the method too if the cells include such …” „… local features. In order to recover the loss of the convergence rate and assure an accurate numerical …”

Finite cell method for problems in solid mechanics S. 5-26

„… attract a lot of interest because they often lack accuracy and exhibit a non-monotonic convergence …” „… . They were able to show that it is possible to obtain high convergence rates – up to an exponential rate …” „… of convergence – with this method, provided that there is neither a singularity nor a material …”

Numerical integration algorithms for the FCM S. 27-71

„… such a function. Nevertheless, it is interesting to observe that the error is directly proportional to …” „… . employing a Gaussian quadrature with a higher order of accuracy. Nevertheless, the convergence of such a …” „… cell under investigation. While building the integration mesh, we monitor the convergence in computing …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186348180

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International Conference on Gears 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2355 2019

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K. Landet, J. Perret-Liaudet, E. Rigaud, J. Y. Guerder, M. Fraces Experimental study of railway gearbox whining noise S. 79-90

„… process. If we look in detail, we observe some nonlinearities as shown in Fig. 12 (b). We see a decrease …” „… of the frequency and a convergence at a torque equal to 1000 Nm. This corresponds to the convergence …” „… converge and this convergence corresponds to the mesh stiffness convergence. 6. Acknowledgement The …”

M. Ruzek, F. Ville, P. Velex, Y. Marchesse Windage power loss reductions in high-speed gear pairs S. 91-100

„… 10-5 Pa.s). Convergence is reached when both the equation residuals are low and the torque caused by …” „… numerical approach. One observes moreover that using frozen rotor or sliding mesh does not influence the …” „… the opposition of the surrounding air. When considering the numerical predictions, one observes at …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023556

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International Conference on Gears 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2422 2023

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F. Reinle, D. Mangherini, A. Bongiovanni Enhancing gear performance through advanced mass finishing and DEM simulation S. 1777-1786

„… like stiffness and movement speed, eliminating the need for calculation convergence. The interaction …” „… The simulation was executed over a period of 2.5 seconds. We observe a quick establishment of a steady …” „… process gear 2.1, we observe an average tangential sliding velocity - or relative velocity - at the …”

M. Ruzek, R. Brun, F. Ville, P. Velex, Y. Marchesse On the reduction of windage power losses in gears by the modification of tooth geometry S. 785-800

„… properties at 25°C (i.e. 1.185 kg/m3 and 𝜇 1.831 10 Pa.s) are considered. Convergence is reached when both …” „… ]. One observes moreover that if the rotation is reversed WPL values increase due to the pressure …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024225

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Graphical Model MAP Inference with Continuous Label Space in Computer Vision

Oliver Müller

Series: Informatik/ Kommunikation

Volume 860 2018

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Stochastic Inference in Probabilistic Graphical Models S. 56-77

„… slice-sampling particle belief propagation (S-PBP). Convergence Properties The core of the proposed approach is …” „… variable samplers that the MCMC convergence time for product slice sampling is in O(L). This implicates …” „… independently and can be done in parallel, the overall convergence time for the complete graph is of order Lmax …”

Fundamentals S. 25-55

„… well approximates but with very weak convergence guarantees. Methods based on dual formulations have …” „… better convergence guarantees and additionally provide upper bounds. These are introduced in Section …” „… , c, d) = max b,c,d φa(a)φa,b(a, b)φb,c(b, c)φb,d(b, d). One can observe that maximization over, say …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186860101

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Automation 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2399 2022

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C. Song, J. Schlake, S. Emmrich Materialverfolgungsbasierter Softsensor für die Überwachung von Treibhausgasemissionen in der Prozessindustrie S. 161-174

„… sometimes referred to as observers (or estimator, filter), which are used indirectly for measurement [12 …” „… Carlo method often leads to slower convergence. If the behavior of an uncertain parameter is ra-ther …” „… homogeneous, then quasi Monte Carlo methods [12] can provide a better convergence rate than the classical …”

C. Song, M. Gärtler, B. Klöpper Phasenidentifikation von Batch-Prozessen durch aktives Lernen S. 625-636

„… . One can observe that when the class weight is not considered in SVM (Figure 3a), its perfor-mance is …” „… monotone convergence behavior. However, they strongly depend on the initial data (namely data shuffling …” „… similar behavior as in Fig. 3, not all estimators can show a monotone convergence. Obviously, the …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023990

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SIMVEC – Simulation und Erprobung in der Fahrzeugentwicklung

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2333 2018

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M. Peperhowe, S. Bannenberg, R. Rasche Smart Testing of Intelligent Systems S. 731-748

„… simulation, results are generated using online observation (e.g., dSPACE RTT Observer technology, see [8 …” „… numerical value to the simulation results based on the observer results. Since the results are based on the …” „… , and the ECUs. Algorithm properties (e.g., convergence speeds, required differentiability of target …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023334

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Partitioned Solution Strategies for Strongly-Coupled Fluid-Structure Interaction Problems in Maritime Applications

Marcel König

Series: Mechanik/Bruchmechanik

Volume 351 2018

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Coupled Problems S. 42-97

„… briefly recapitulate different convergence criteria that are used to verify whether the coupling algorithm …” „… has converged. Last but not least, several convergence acceleration schemes are proposed and …” „… approach are its good stability characteristics and quadratic convergence rates in the vicinity of the …”

Benchmark Problems S. 158-217

„… . In order to stabilize and accelerate the solution procedure, the predictor and convergence …” „… procedure as necessary – and to exchange the predictor, interpolation technique, or convergence acceleration …” „… solution procedure, the absolute convergence criterion ‖rkj+1‖2/ √ n < εabs = 10−9 is applied to check …”

Advanced Applications S. 218-240

„… absolute convergence criterion ‖rkj+1‖2 < εabs = 10−2 or the relative criterion ‖rkj+1‖2/‖r0j+1‖2 < εrel …” „… solution procedure requires 6.57 iterations on average to reach the convergence criterion. Figure 7.5 …” „… for the angular frequency ω2, evaluated at point P2. Evidently, we observe a fair agreement between …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186351180

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Human Motion Capture with Sparse Inertial Sensors and Video

Timo von Marcard

Series: Informatik/ Kommunikation

Volume 866 2020

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Fundamentals S. 22-48

„… form in Eq. (2.48), it offers quadratic convergence rates. However, depending on the shape of the …” „… , convergence is not guaranteed in all cases. 32 2.3 Non-Linear Least-Squares Optimization 2.3.2 …” „… have similar local convergence properties, but Levenberg proposed a trustregion strategy to avoid …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186866103

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Partitioned Fluid-Structure Interaction Simulation of Maritime Applications

Jorrid Lund

Series: Mechanik/Bruchmechanik

Volume 360 2024

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Floating windturbine S. 49-61

„… is solved. A parallelsolution is possible and can reduce solution time, but convergence difficulties …” „… conclusion, the FSI simulation allows to analyze certain aspects more accuratelyand allows to observe …” „… conclusion, the FSI simulation allows to analyze certain aspects more accuratelyand allows to observe …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186360182

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GJAE - German Journal of Agricultural Economics

Browse Volumes: GJAE - German Journal of Agricultural Economics

GJAE Volume 72 (2023) Issue 02 ISSN Online: 2191-4028

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Thomas Heckelei, Yaghoob Jafari, Linmei Shang, Arnim Kuhn The National and Regional Impact of the EU Bioeconomy Strategies on the Agri-Food Sector: Insights from Germany S. 73-90

„… changes in sub-national TFP in agriculture are driven by the historical convergence/diversion of regional …” „… north-ern part of Bavaria, and southwestern states. We ob-serve two patterns of expansion across time (Table …” „… cropland use is expected. Concerning the other primary inputs, we observe an increasing growth rate for …”

doi.org/10.51202/2191-4028-2023-02

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Human Pose Estimation from Monocular Images

Bastian Wandt

Series: Informatik/ Kommunikation

Volume 869 2020

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Exploiting Temporal Properties S. 40-79

„… poses and camera positions. Nevertheless, experience allows a human observer to estimate the pose of a …” „… Optimize weightsInput sequence (2) (1) (3) (4) Repeat until convergence Figure 4.2: Our method. (1) 3D base …” „… . Steps (3) and (4) are alternated until convergence. Figure 4.3: 3D reconstruction (green circles, blue …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186869104

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Verfahren zur Synchronisation betriebsparalleler Simulationen durch Online-Parameterschätzung

Holger Zipper

Series: Mess-, Steuerungs- und Regelungstechnik

Volume 1271 2021

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Literaturverzeichnis S. 89-96

„… 2018, Seamless Convergence of Automation & IT. VDI Verlag GmbH. IEEE 1516-2010 (2010). IEEE Standard …” „… survey of state and disturbance observers for practitioners“. In: 2006 American Control Conference. IEEE …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186271082

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