VDI Verlag eLibrary

Systematic Derivation of Objective Requirements on Vehicle Steering System

Martin Ralf Münster

Series: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Volume 819 2023

Results in this title

Substructuring the Vehicle Steering S. 13-34

„… Chapter 2Substructuring the Vehicle SteeringThis chapter is about defining the boundaries of the …” „… which is often found at modern vehicles.1314 2 Substructuring the Vehicle SteeringFigure 2.2: Coupled …” „… whereas the mobility is related to velocities.22 2 Substructuring the Vehicle SteeringHere, λ are Lagrange …”

Introduction S. 1-12

„… , expressed by maximumpermissible thresholds of steering-wheel acceleration on the basis of [94].At vehicle …” „… development, testing and manufacturing.In case of the vehicle steering, for instance, different technical …” „… popular especially for large carsand sports-utility-vehicles (SUV), aligned in parallel to the steering …”

Deriving Requirements on Subsystem Level S. 35-62

„… measurement.In order to get comparable results of steering-wheel vibration from different vehicle modelsand …” „… certain steering-wheel velocity. Note that, due to the inversion of the vehicle target interms of …” „… section.Relevant for evaluation is the maximum steering-wheel acceleration aev.max during deceler-ating the vehicle …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVI

„… MünsterObjective Requirements on Vehicle SteeringReihe 12 | Nr. 819Reihe 12 …” „… onVehicle Steering SystemUsing Methods of SubstructuringCyan Magenta BlackL_231369_F51_Reihe_12_819 …” „… DesignSystematic Derivation of ObjectiveRequirements on Vehicle Steering SystemUsing Methods of …”

Resulting Subsystem Requirements S. 123-152

„… steering-wheel acceleration is normalized with tolerable values a3,max at vehicle speed of 80 kmph.126 6 …” „… vehicle transfer-impedance A12G as well as steering-wheel vibrationamplitudes a3 are calculable with Eqs …” „… range covers all steering-wheel configurations available for a specific vehicle model.According to Eqs …”

Conclusion S. 189-194

„… Substructuring the Vehicle SteeringChapter 2 starts with a brief introduction to those vehicle components which …” „… vehicle design atthe example of disturbing steering vibration. In the following, the key findings are …” „… assembling and disassembling respectively.At the example of vehicle targets to steering vibration …”

Subsystem Analysis of the Front Axle S. 93-122

„… vehicle speeds up to 250 kph,which is practically impossible with a fixed or disconnected steering …” „… othermodules such as the steering gear, rear axle, drive-train or vehicle body are not included. Incontrast to …” „… complete vehicle with the steering system replaced by a mass-less rack. Atfirst sight, the results are …”

Bibliography S. 195-204

„… . “Interaction of Vehicle and SteeringSystem Regarding On-Centre Handling”. In: Vehicle System Dynamics 46.5 …” „… Based Substructuring Technology for The Characterisation of SteeringGear–Vehicle Interaction”. In: IMAC …” „… of VehicleSteering Using Mechanical Four-Poles”. In: Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing133 …”

Requirement-Based Module Design Using Solution Spaces S. 153-188

„… explained limit curves derived from tolerable steering-wheel accelerationon vehicle level, see Sec. 6.1.2 …” „… regarding their expected performance at vehicle level when coupledwith a given steering subsystem. To this …” „… Steering-Module Design 159EXCITATION STEERINGFRONT AXLEPartial Subsystem Frequency ResponseDesign …”

Subsystem Analysis of the Steering S. 63-92

„… steering-wheel torque, therequired servo-assist force is thus calculated. The vehicle states are determined by …” „… similarly to a real configuration.With steering-rack force F2, steering-wheel torque M3 and electric motor …” „… steering systems of modern vehicles are based on rack-and-pinion gear.Regarding the servo-assist drive-line …”

Appendix 1 S. 205-224

„… Vehicle SteeringReihe 12 | Nr. 819Reihe 12Verkehrstechnik/FahrzeugtechnikISBN 978-3-18-381912-6E-ISBN …” „… Münster, MünchenSystematic Derivation of Objective Requirements onVehicle Steering SystemUsing Methods …” „… of the simplified steering model with modified steering-wheel inertia.212 A Appendix 10 10 20 30 40 …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186819123

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ELIV 2024

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2441 2024

Results in this title

N. Haegele Managing the complexity of joint steering, braking and powertrain coordination in emerging vehicle E/E architectures S. 141-150

„… products and add value throughout the vehicle’s lifecycle. Managing the complexity of joint steering …” „… such as steering, braking, and powertrain management. In traditional vehicle architectures, these …” „… (e.g. supporting vehicle stability in an emergency braking situation on split mue by the steering …”

T. Liedtke, R. Messnarz TARAs Performed on Different Levels of the Supply Chain – Experiences Based on Real Example ESLF Insights into Applying ISO/SAE 21434:2021 in Automotive Cybersecurity S. 541-552

„… controller and a separate one for the Electronic Steering Lock Function (ESLF) The integration at the vehicle …” „… identification of risks within the V-model. Through a real-world example of an Electronic Steering Lock Function …” „… the safety and security of modern vehicles. Therefore, one of the key points of the published …”

S Gowrishankar, KV Muralidhara, M. Ghivari Leveraging AI/ML Techniques in Software Defined Architecture: Towards Emotional Quotient Prediction in Smart Automotive Cabins by Integrating Physiological and Vehicle Data. AI-driven Smart Cabin in S... S. 343-358

„… :88.2% Specificity: 94.1% [18] Vehicle-based (steering-angle) SVM Accuracy: 82.5% [19] Vehicle …” „… ] Vehicle-based (steering wheel angle) Threshold-based approach by analysing steering wheel angle Accuracy: 78.0 …” „… % [7] Vehicle-based (steering wheel angle, pedal input, vehicle speed and acceleration) Dynamic …”

L. Badescu Ensuring high reliability inside fail-operational systems Key prerequisite for SAE L3->L5 compliant automated driving S. 293-298

„… sophisticated x-by-wire systems are gradually replacing them for sending vehicle braking, and steering commands …” „… vehicle operations, controlling braking, steering, and acceleration. However, with the advent of E/E …” „… truly autonomous vehicles, fail-operational systems become indispensable and AUTOSAR Classic plays the …”

A. Schleich, F. Modes, T. Schaller, M. Werling Statistical methods and Monte-Carlo simulation ensure the safety case of the environmental sensor performance in BMW’s first L3 function, the BMW Personal Pilot L3 S. 105-116

„… Level 3 highly automated driving, which allows drivers to take their hands off the steering wheel and …” „… vehicle ahead and the position in the lane. In accordance with the standardization of the Society of …” „… driving. [1] The innovative technology allows drivers to redirect their focus to other in-vehicle …”

C. Lankeit, R. Dorociak, M. Teuber, O. Lüdtke, J. Ziethen Automotive eFuses: Challenges of Today and Solutions for the Future S. 517-528

„… will empower vehicles to achieve higher levels of autonomous driving. With the increase of those levels …” „… and condition data from the iPDM itself as well as from the affiliated systems within the vehicle …” „… (Intelligent Power Distribution Modules) emerge in vehicles today with basic functionality, this contribution …”

W. Steinmann, B. Sondermann Biometrics and sensor fusion for enhanced in-cabin safety and comfort Reducing complexity and increasing possibilities through a holistic approach to in-cabin monitoring S. 327-342

„… inside the vehicle such as the steering wheel, dashboard or windows. Over the years, airbags have played …” „… the automotive industry, the vehicles of the future are poised to assume an increasing number of tasks …” „… previously handled by drivers. Simultaneously, vehicle development efforts are directed toward enhancing …”

N. Neis, L. Eisemann, D. Hermann, J. Zhou, L. Toettel From Reality to Simulation: Automatized Transfer and Simulation of Critical Driving Scenarios with Digital Twins S. 453-466

„… , steering,and drivetrain. The vehicle dynamics model used here is based on a four-wheel model to en-able driving …” „… , Hardware in the Loop, Vehicle in the Loop) ergänzt werden. Dies adressiert der vorgestellte neue Ansatz …” „… , hardware-in-the-loop, vehicle-in-the-loop). Consequently, a novel approach of an automated pipeline from real-world …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIV

„… Software-Defined Vehicles 13J. Richenhagen, FEV.io, Aachen; M. Engelhard, FEV Consulting, Cologne; J. Jeub, FEV …” „… Engineering, Bristol/Munich/Oxford/CambridgeAI in Traffic: New Dimensions of Vehicle Intelligence New method …” „… . Neukirchner, ErlangenState-of-The-Art of Foundation Software for Software-Defined Vehicle 133L. Hendrawan, R …”

T. Ost, D. Petanjek, M. Beer Ensuring ADAS functionality during periodic technical inspection ADAS/AD functionalities over a vehicle’s lifetim S. 281-292

„… over a vehicle’s lifetime! Authors: Thomas Ost, DEKRA SE, Head of Service Development; David Petanjek …” „… Sensor Products; Abstract Manufacturers of autonomous vehicles require approval from transportation …” „… authorities. Before a vehicle leaves the factory, the EOL (end-of-line) test checks all functions for proper …”

T. Huck, A. Achtzehn When innovation demand meets E/E architecture Further endeavours into next-gen architectural designs S. 395-406

„… cost-efficient solutions for the mass market and top-notch high-performance platforms for premium vehicles …” „… . Through new design concepts, user-centric features are increasingly developed in software, and the vehicle …” „… selected three key requirements that, based on our comprehensive analyses across all major vehicle system …”

U. Akcakoca Contribution of Artificial Intelligence in Automotive Cyber Security Management System More Cybersecurity through Artificial Intelligence S. 579-XVI

„… Abstract The security of vehicles starts in the development phase to identify and eliminate potential …” „… measures are properly implemented and that vehicles comply with applicable security standards. For delivery …” „… comprehensive Cyber Security Management System (CSMS) over the entire life cycle of the vehicle and to prove …”

F. Langner, W. McCaig, T. Nilges Efficiency in UNECE R155. Type Approvals for Small OEMS – Lessons Learned S. 553-564

„… vehicle variants efficiently? Variance in vehicle platforms can lead to huge overheads if not treated …” „… different vehicles to limit number of full type approvals with a clear product strategy regarding cyber …” „… industry. While the regulation certainly increases the cyber security of increasingly connected vehicles …”

P. Reilhac, C. Nowakowski, A. Manila, J. Almeida Immersive In-car AR Live Gaming Enabled by SDV Architecture, ADAS Cameras & AI Software S. 313-326

„… , Valeo, SanMateo, CA, USAAbstractSoftware Defined Vehicle (SDV) architectures will enable the use of …” „… . The game itself is played on asmartphone or tablet connected to the vehicle’s WiFi hotspot using the …” „… and data is currently a challenge with traditional,decentralized vehicle architectures but should …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024416

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SIMVEC

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2445 2024

Results in this title

A. Hartwecker, D. Nickel, R. Hettel Real Steering on the Vehicle-in-the-Loop Testbed for the Validation of Highly Automated Vehicles S. 99-110

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024454

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AUTOREG 2017

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2292 2017

Results in this title

P. Bolia, S. Müller Numerical Modelling of the Human Driver for lateral closed-loop steering maneuvers S. 551-560

„… following control steering angle, the vehicle lateral motion is transformed and derived in terms of lateral …” „… steering maneuver in order to match the desired response while keeping the vehicle lateral states stable …” „… Müller S. “Driver steering model for closed loop steering function analysis”, Vehicle System Dynamics …”

J. Gallep, S. Müller Modellprädiktive Regelung zur Querführung automatisierter Fahrzeuge S. 377-390

„… , “Predictive Control Approach to Autonomous Vehicle Steering“, American Control Conference, S. 4670 – 4675 …” „… , 2006. [2] A. Katriniok und D. Abel, “LTV-MPC Approach for Lateral Vehicle Guidance by Front Steering …” „… at Limits of Vehicle Dynamics”, IEEE Conference on Decision and Control and European Control …”

M. Harr, C. Schäfer Robust Odometry Estimation for Automated Driving and Map Data Collection S. 91-102

„… INTRODUCTION AND RELATED WORK 1.1 INTRODUCTION Precise knowledge of vehicle system states and local environment …” „… view. autonomous driving vehicles. The goal is to exchange digital map data and dynamic content among a …” „… all vehicles and provides a collective perception to participating vehicles. The idea is to locally …”

Q. Wang, S. Müller A path planning controller for unsignalized intersection based on model predictive control and potential field method S. 299-308

„… collision-free path for vehicles. Nowadays, researches for path planning are mostly carried out in urban areas …” „… such as highways and city roads. However, automated vehicles may also drive on rural roads, which have …” „… reference vehicle positions Xref and Yref in global coordinates. In the path replanning level, a model …”

K. Abdelgawad, S. Henning, P. Biemelt, S. Gausemeier, A. Trächter Networked Driving Simulation for Future Autonomous and Cooperative Vehicle Systems – Development of a Modular Platform for Networked Driving Simulation Based on High-Level Architecture S. 539-550

„… driving conditions, etc. Vehicle dynamics and power train characteristics, like, e.g., steering and …” „… Networked Driving Simulation for Future Autonomous and Cooperative Vehicle Systems Development …” „… purposes with respect to future autonomous and connected vehicle systems. Two driving simulators, a traffic …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIII

„… Generation for Semi-Autonomous 129 R. de Castro, Vehicles R. Großmann, Adaption des Fahrerverhaltens in …” „… 539 S. Henning, and Cooperative Vehicle Systems – Development of P. Biemelt, a Modular Platform for …” „… , Numerical Modelling of the Human Driver for lateral 551 S. Müller closed-loop steering maneuvers …”

M. Bauer, R. Mannale, M. Kochem, A. Ravi CaliSim – Calibration by Simulation – Virtuelle Applikation elektromechanischer Lenkungen S. 501-514

„… , T.: Modelbased steering ECU calibration on a steering-in-the-loop test bench. In: Pfeffer, P. (Hrsg …” „… Virtual calibration of electromechanical steering systems Dr.-Ing. M. Bauer, Dipl.-Ing. R. Mannale …” „… presents a method for the virtual design and calibration of electromechanical steering systems. The method …”

M. Haßenberg, G. Wittler, H. Briese, T. Schubert, H. Henrichfreise Systematische modellbasierte Schwingungsanalyse einer geregelten elektrischen Servolenkung S. 45-56

„… Systematic model based vibration analysis of a controlled electric power steering system B.Eng. M …” „… elektromechanischen Servolenkungen (Electric Power Steering, EPS) vorgestellt. Auf Grund von beim Reglerentwurf nicht …” „… In [1, 2] a LQG/LTR-design is presented to control the steering wheel hand torque of electric power …”

D. Frerichs, M. Borsdorf, K. M. Hahn FMI in der Simulation von Fahrdynamikregelsystemen S. 415-424

„… - Automobiltechnische Zeitschrift 119 (April) 2017, S. 42–46 [9] Pfeffer, P. E.: Interaction of vehicle and steering …” „… FMI in der Simulation von Fahrdynamikregelsystemen FMI for Simulation of Vehicle Dynamics …” „… .: Simulation-based Certification of ESC Systems for Passenger Vehicles in Europe (2012) [3] Blockwitz, T., Otter, M …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181022924

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Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2018

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2328 2018

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J.-E. Moseberg, J. Kohlhoff, S. Hekeler Electric all-wheel drive: enhancing vehicle dynamics and driving safety by wheel-individual torque distribution – How to make use of the over-actuation of electrified vehicles S. II-103-II-116

„… the steering wheel angle as inputs from the driver a desired vehicle motion as well as the …” „… conventional front-axis steering, the feedforward control structure for the design of the desired vehicle …” „… comprehensible than the vehicle’s parameters (cf. [3]): Agility, Steering Effort, Yaw Damping, and Balance …”

B. Arnold, B. Lecointre Shift simulator for shift feel and quality development of manual transmissions S. I-425-I-440

„… driver directly to the vehicle. Therefore, shift quality and shift feel is still an important factor for …” „… and in the vehicle the simulation model and the hardware was validated separately in open-loop. At …” „… typical shift quality evaluation was performed in the original vehicle and on the simulator. A very good …”

E. Schnur, S. Krieger, M. Brenninger Development of a CVT transaxle with differential steering for a tracked tractor around 300 kW S. III-35-III-36

„… Development of a CVT Transaxle with Differential Steering for a Tracked Tractor around 300 kW …” „… has shown how efficiency and dynamic vehicle characteristics could be further optimized through a …” „… for an agricultural machine. For the requirements of a tracked vehicle a new rear axle with efficient …”

T. Högnäs, G. Beldie 48 volt torque vectoring electric rear drive module (eRDM) – Excellent driving dynamics with significant CO2 savings S. I-517-I-528

„… torque between the two wheels depending on vehicle signals including yaw rate, wheel speeds, steering …” „… vectoring systems offer outstanding vehicle dynamics performance through instant availability of a high …” „… distributes the torque between the two wheels depending on vehicle signals including yaw rate, wheel speeds …”

J.-M. Veith, B. Krüger, A. Albers, M. Behrendt Torque prediction in vehicle drive trains based on bus signals using artificial neural networks S. I-413-I-424

„… Torque Prediction in Vehicle Drive Trains based on Bus Signals using Artificial Neural Networks …” „… . Especially in vehicle engineering, data collection is very timeand cost-intensive. The method described in …” „… . VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 2018 413 1 Introduction All-wheel-drive vehicles produced by Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche …”

D. Güth, J. Haupt, T. Gassmann Seamless-shift two-speed eAxle with torque vectoring S. I-255-I-268

„… compromise between an adequate launch torque and the maximum vehicle speed the eAxle can support. Most …” „… vehicle speed. But with the trend to smaller combustion motors and more powerful electric machines …” „… can also recuperate at high vehicle speeds. In particular, the operation of the eMotors in an …”

R. Savelsberg, P. Griefnow, G. Birmes, A. Sehr Advanced powertrain functions of 48 V hybrid vehicles – Efficient powertrains does not exclude driving pleasure S. I-499-I-516

„… Advanced Powertrain Functions of 48 V Hybrid Vehicles Efficient powertrains does not exclude …” „… hybrid demonstrator vehicle on the basis of a Mercedes Benz AMG A45 vehicle with 280 kW internal …” „… the key findings of the evaluation of the full featured 48 V mild hybrid vehicle in terms of …”

R. Stehr, A. Götz, M. Ciesek, S. Köpfler, M. Finsterbusch, R. Willeke Future Schaeffler CVT concepts with an innovative actuation system S. I-49-I-64

„… becoming established in crucial vehicle functions, such as active roll control systems [4] and power …” „… steering. Even wet running motors in the oil chamber are feasible in brushless design and commonly used …” „… study. The driving situations relevant for the design are based on pertinent experiences and vehicle …”

L. Dedeleit, M. Ayeb, L. Brabetz Short circuit calculation of permanent magnet synchronous machines with comsol multiphysics S. II-197-III-VII

„… drive of electric vehicles. In order to ensure the functional safety of the drive system in case of …” „… , the usual motorization of electric and hybrid vehicles. PMSM are characterized by high power densities …” „… class electric vehicle (EV) and are thus representative for most EV. 2. PMSM Model based on …”

A. Viehmann, R. König, S. Rinderknecht Investigation of gear shifts in a parallel-series hybrid powertrain with dog clutches in a demonstrator vehicle (two-drive-transmission with range-extender, DE-REX) S. I-323-I-346

„… via the shift paddles or buttons on the steering wheel as well as it allows reading the vehicle …” „… Demonstrator Vehicle (Two-Drive-Transmission with Range-Extender, DE-REX) Performing mode changes using …” „… form-locking shift elements in a demonstrator vehicle and evaluating shift comfort and shift time Andreas …”

K. Bennewitz, A. Mann Powertrain electrification exemplified by the VW Golf S. II-135-II-168

„… has successfully introduced various electrified vehicle concepts on the basis of existing platforms …” „… . Examples are the Touareg Hybrid and the Jetta Hybrid, the pure electric vehicles e-up! and e-Golf as well …” „… vehicles. Typically regarding FMA, the internal combustion engine is decoupled and switched off in coasting …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023280

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ELIV 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2357 2019

Results in this title

J. Klesing, S. Safour Problems and solution spaces for driver-initiated handover from automatic to manual driving mode S. 31-44

„… , lateral lane position, time-to-contact e.g. to a leading vehicle, time-to-lane crossing, steering effort …” „… Wizard-of-Oz (WiOz): This vehicle features two sets of steering wheels and two sets of pedals. The automated …” „… can be overlaid without impacting the steering angle and thus the trajectory of the vehicle. Depending …”

A. Magnuson Going from an Electronic Unit Centric Development to Application Software Centric Requires a Different Architecture Mindset in Automotive S. 239-254

„… vehicles to gain productivity, while at the same time facing very different demands on final transport …” „… electrified torque generation, which could be distributed over several vehicle units in a vehicle combination …” „… . Electronics and especially software play a fundamental role for commercial vehicles in order to achieve …”

S. Poledna driving platforms – Tailoring fail-operational systems based on production experience in the aerospace industry for the automotive use cases S. 537-550

„… navigation and control algorithms to drive the vehicle by controlling steering, braking and the drive train …” „… the E/E vehicle architecture stands the transition from dedicated hardware appliances used to execute …” „… negatively impact the ability of the system to react in real-time to ensure vehicle and driver safety …”

L. Krauß, E. Kögler, M. Bayer, S. Wiechmann, M. Worch, M. Mohamad Development of the Cockpit-UI/UX of the Taycan in an Agile Way – Less is More S. 67-78

„… with a large touch control panel. In front of the typical Porsche steering wheel, new digital …” „… instruments build on the classic 911 look, with elements extending beyond the steering wheel on the left and …” „… be needed. Different vehicles match different user needs and crafting a digital product uses the …”

N. Knappstein Seeing With Sound – Next-level 3D ultrasonic sensors based on echolocation S. 5-10

„… How can it be possible that a staggering 1 out of every 5 motor vehicle accidents takes place in a …” „… , like steering a car through a construction site or reliably detecting people in a crowded parking …” „… vehicle. The sensors are therefore well-suited for applications in the automotive field and add yet …”

A. Shomer The transition to HPC-based vehicle architectures – Cyber Security Implications S. 431-442

„… choice for safety-critical components in the vehicle, for example ABS, Steering, and Powertrain. Moreover …” „… The transition to HPC-based vehicle architectures Cyber Security Implications Andrey Shomer …” „… connected cars and autonomous driving, the need for strong computing power inside the vehicle is …”

G. Reichart, M. Niklas AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform – A standardized SW platform for intelligent vehicles with functional safety and data integrity S. 493-502

„… AUTOSAR Adaptive Platform A standardized SW platform for intelligent vehicles with functional …” „… classic platform is widely adopted in the automotive industry and can be found in many modern vehicles …” „… future vehicles. Highly automated driving with high demands for functional safety as well as of security …”

J.-K. Landgraf, A. Fabri Functions on demand – Enabler for digital business with car functions – Challenges of implementation of a high complex security mechanism S. 283-292

„… the optional features of their vehicle in the car configurator or make sure that the vehicle had the …” „… vehicle lifecycle in addition to the classic after-sales offers. Especially for leasing or used car …” „… make this new business model possible, a highly networked enabler technology is used in the vehicle …”

S. Acharya, M. Gardner, S. Herz, C. Hosner, F. Lesbroussart Building a Standardized Data Pipeline from the Cloud to All In-Vehicle ECUs and Sensors – A New Opportunity for the Connected Car S. 307-318

„… world around the car - They take control of the vehicle for us (braking, steering, accelerating, etc …” „… Building a Standardized Data Pipeline from the Cloud to All In-Vehicle ECUs and Sensors A New …” „… . 1. Introduction The term “connected car” suggests a 2-way cloud connection. Within the vehicle …”

M. Kleinkes, W. Pohlmann, C. Wilks Boost Safety & Styling for vehicle lighting – Individualization and new Functionalities S. 551-566

„… Boost Safety & Styling for vehicle lighting – Individualization and new Functionalities Dr …” „… 3: The optical lane assist supports the driver in its estimation of the width of the vehicle and …” „… steering wheel, lowers the driver’s stress level and adds as optical feature to increased traffic safety …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023570

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Reifen – Fahrwerk – Fahrbahn

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2398 2022

Results in this title

B. Schick, M. Böhle, P. Pfeffer, M. Niegl, S. Vorderobermeier Use of driving simulators in chassis development – applications and potentials S. 175-190

„… angles and steering torques are measured in parallel to the vehicle model motion signals. MXeval allows …” „… tire evaluation and synergies exploited. If it is not possible to access the vehicle-specific steering …” „… as vehicle dynamics, simulation (vehicle dynamics, tires, steering and many other components …”

R. A. Bandy, R. Uil, F. Petry Driving virtual tire development with dynamic driving simulators S. 191-206

„… development process with other modeling and simulation tools. Tire and vehicle modeling aspects of this new …” „… recent studies on different tire and vehicle modeling approaches. 1. IntroductionThe use of …” „… Computer-Aided Engineering (CAE) tools and methods are widely used in the automotive industry for vehicle and …”

R. Schurmann, T. Kersten, G. Ungemach, N. Harendza, M. Martynkewicz, B. Schick, M. Böhle Investigation of the damage criticality of axle components of a four-link rear axle on the driving simulator S. 35-58

„… conse-quences of such vehicle misuse in the form of steering wheel and wheel misalignments or only insufficient …” „… that the vehicle is damaged. This could be expressed, for example, by wheel and steer-ing wheel …” „… measures of the vehicle steering. The objective indicators are obtained from time and frequency domain …”

K. Schuler, S. Aydogdu, B. Schick Comfort experience with automated driving – How good do chassis systems have to be? S. 59-72

„… Abstract Automated and autonomous vehicles will fundamentally change the way we humans experience …” „… professional work, for consuming entertainment media or simply for relaxing. Vehicle motion and vibration …” „… . IntroductionAutomated and autonomous vehicles will fundamentally change the way we humansexperience individual mobility …”

V. Yordanov, L. Eckstein Continuous Estimation of the Local Friction Value Potential based on Tyre Acoustic Data S. 83-96

„… hervorgehoben. Abstract Due to the emergence of highly automated vehicle functions and the transition towards …” „… fully autonomous driving, the safety requirements for vehicle dynamics control systems are be-coming …” „… The driving safety of land vehicles is primarily governed by the interactions with the roadway. The …”

C. Cramer, D. Huber Analyse und Optimierung aktueller Schwimmwinkelsensorik – ein notwendiger Schritt zur virtuellen Fahrverhaltensbewertung von Fahrzeugreifen S. 207-X

„… virtual tire and vehicle characteristics evaluation Dipl.-Ing. Christian Cramer, Continental Reifen …” „… Subjective and Objective Handling of Vehicle Behaviour, University of Leeds, Leeds, 2002 [2] Chen, D.C …” „… , Institut für Fahrzeugsystemtechnik, Karlsruhe 2014. [4] Harrer, M.: Characterisation of Steering Feel …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023983

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LAND.TECHNIK 2020

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2374 2020

Results in this title

S. Mercati, A. Bertoli, C. Ognibene Next generation hybrid-electric power steering systems for agriculture machines S. 451-XIV

„… fulfil the end user requests ([2] to [7]). In terms of vehicle performances and comfort, the steering …” „… agricultural steering applications and the smart features required by the vehicle end-user, a strong holistic …” „… . 1). The Ognibene Power Digital Power Steering (DPS) is placed over the off-highway vehicles …”

S. Raikwar, T. Herlitzius, J. Fehrmann Autonomous Navigation Strategy for an Orchard Robot Using Simulation Design S. 425-434

„… steering angle. β denotes the vehicle slip angle that can be neglected in case of slow-moving vehicle and …” „… vehicle velocity and robot steering angles. To deal with the dynamic obstacles in the environment 2D …” „… increasingly utilized in agriculture for developing intelligent vehicles to enhance the productivity and to …”

A. Holler, C. Mueller From driver to automated driving – Proposal for a holistic step by step approach S. 413-424

„… vehicles which is only of relevance when mobile machines are operated in on road use cases. This standard …” „… the functional safety approach for road vehicles, but it should be kept in mind that the high …” „… recent extension to vehicles above 3,5 tons has to be considered as well for agricultural machines …”

A. Bogatyryov Fast Prototyping of Autonomous Vehicles S. 223-226

„… Fast Prototyping of Autonomous Vehicles Alexey Bogatyryov, CTO, eFarmer, Amstelveen, The …” „… build autonomous vehicles, therefore partnership with HuizingHarvest seemed like a perfect opportunity …” „… to start working on this project. For building an autonomous vehicle, we had limited resources – a …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIV

„… in an agricultural vehicle …” „… powertrain – Ground drive transmission for a commercial vehicle …” „… , Institute of Mobile Machines and Commercial Vehicles, Technical University Braunschweig f Data Management …”

A. Kunz Alternative drives for agricultural machines – Legal frame, meaning, concepts, validation, conclusion S. 405-412

„… regulations, two essential steering elements of either regulative [7] or market-oriented nature have been …” „… fuel), electric powertrains (Various hybridizations, battery or fuel cell electric vehicles) and new …” „… machine forms (New vehicle concepts with different electric powertrains) Representants of first group …”

S. Tanner Experience gained in developing Autonomous Robots using AI and spot spraying to weed open field crops S. 213-222

„… steering wheels configurations, obstacle clearance capability, autonomous navigation, faculty to perform …” „… low energy operation, a fully electrical vehicle with batteries is an interesting solution, but the …” „… differential steering, two front (fixed) driving wheels were sufficient to move and turn. A single camera …”

P. Riegler-Nurscher, J. Prankl, M. Vincze, H. Prankl A review on plant and soil properties estimation using ground-based computer vision techniques in the visible spectrum S. 353-360

„… practice for inter row weeding and automated steering. In contrast plant pest detection, [8] and [9], is …” „… HD - Efficient Weed Control in Row Crops using Active Implement Steering and Stereo Camera …” „… unmanned aerial vehicles and convolutional neural networks. In International Conference on Precision …”

D. Cook, J. Viramontes ROS2 for Autonomous Agriculture Applications S. 103-130

„… are applied in drivetrain functions (steering and propulsion), as well in a wide variety of implement …” „… of scalable agricultural autonomous machines. 3. Integration with existing vehicle networks …” „… ) This JCA AFW technology addresses the real-time controls and integration with existing vehicle networks …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023747

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LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2361 2019

Results in this title

T. Rudolph, T. Langer, P. Bolton Overcoming design challenges of electro-hydraulic steering systems – What really happened! S. 489-494

„… multi-axis vehicle steering is adding steering functionality to have steering on one or more steering axis …” „… Danfoss [10]. Fig. 1: Multi-axis steering variables; VAP and VAA [11]. Example 1 – Safe vehicle …” „… steering ratio; the operator can select a higher steering gain that reduces the number of steering-wheel …”

J. L‘Heureux Four-Tracked Solution for Large Row Crop Tractors S. 305-310

„… to the steering axle being favourably oriented to pull the vehicle in the desired direction of …” „… force the steering system can exert on the rest of the vehicle in the direction of travel. Fixed frame …” „… Steering Authority Operational Ride Comfort Versatility With these objectives in mind, the journey …”

M. Sax, R. Latsch, T. Anken, V. Moser, P. Krummenacher Automated site-specific overseeding of grassland S. 165-228

„… harsh environment of agricultural vehicles. Field and performance tests Technical tests: The system …” „… Key Element in the Development of a novel LiDAR based Combine Harvester Steering System Jannik …” „… development and test of a novel LiDAR based combine harvester steering system using a harvest scenario and …”

M. Ehrl, G. Happich Advanced On-board Electronics Architecture with Automotive Ethernet S. 107-112

„… towards in-vehicle electronics have grown strongly with guidance systems or connectivity solutions. Even …” „… computing are entering the engineering area. To enable this kind of applications, a future-proof in-vehicle …” „… premium platform vehicles in AGCO. In the network design phase, a sum of design goals and boundary …”

A. Lajunen Development of a tire-soil interaction model for agricultural tractors S. 47-56

„… tractive performance of agricultural vehicles. Accurate simulation of pneumatic tire - deformable soil …” „… autonomous agricultural vehicles. Tire-soil interaction models integrated into a vehicle powertrain model …” „… is crucial for obtaining meaningful results about the tractive performance of agricultural vehicles …”

R. Schildroth Design and Development of an Autonomous Mower for Agricultural Use S. 153-158

„… job area Autonomous vehicle control, including steering and velocity control Remote monitoring …” „… 2017 - 2018, Redshield Consulting developed a series of software modules for autonomous vehicle control …” „… run the Redshield Consulting autonomous vehicle control software. Certain mower designs currently …”

S. Pfaffmann, F. de Moraes Boos, N. Tarasinski, V. Kegel Swarm Unit – Development of a Fully Electric Agricultural Machine with External Power Supply S. 401-408

„… further distributed from a cable connected vehicle to several working machines [3]. Within the scope of …” „… is necessary to make the required electrical energy available on the vehicle. Today, many farmers not …” „… power distribution vehicle carrying a longer cable. Therefore, the function of the swarm participants …”

B. Oskarsson, E. Westergaard, T. H. Langer Optimization of tractor front loader for improved design freedom and increased operability S. 427-432

„… , but an interface the vehicle total power management system, such as engine speed request. Boom p os …” „… level on vehicle, more features on the list in Fig. 1 can be integrated improving efficiency and …” „… . H. Langer, and A. Samani, “Evaluation of five steering input devices in terms of muscle activity …”

J. Philipp Behra Development of increased tire diameters and the effects on axles and drive trains of a combine harvester S. 553-560

„… the axles and drive trains of the vehicle. The key elements in this specific development will be part …” „… the frame width have not been changed, bigger tires would lead to a lower steering angle if the …” „… the tires with a diameter up to 1,50m, the steering geometry of the axle was optimised to allow a …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIV

„… Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen Methods to evaluate steering performance of agricultural tractors …” „… Harvesting’ as a Key Element in the Development of a novel LiDAR based Combine Harvester Steering System …” „… � � � � � � � � �205 L. Poppa, L. Frerichs, Institute of Mobile Machines and Commercial Vehicles, Technische …”

X. Tian, A. Vacca, S. Fiorati, F. Pintore An Analysis of the Energy Consumption in the High-Pressure System of an Agricultural Tractor through Modeling and Experiment S. 9-18

„… loading orifice EHR Valve 1 EHR Valve 2C C Steering Priority Valve Steering System steering cylinders …” „… , controlled flow port , steering signal port friction friction Hydraulic Interactions Mechanical Interactions Eq. (1 …” „… LS Pump Steering priority valve Useful power on remote EHR local compensator EHR Main Spool …”

C. Campanella, K. Huber, G. Monacelli, L. Ungaretti, M. D’Orazio, G. Scotto di vetta, M. Peruzzini, F. Grandi Ergonomic and compact armrest of agricultural tractors – Innovative methods to design an ergonomic armrest S. 243-252

„… , such as steering, looking forward and backward, controlling the vehicle’s dashboard, using clutch …” „… , D.D.: Automation and the situation awareness of drivers in agricultural semi-autonomous vehicles …”

P. Munch Predictive Feed-Rate Control for Combine Harvesters S. 545-552

„… , crop conditions, and agronomic conditions. Operator assistant systems like automatic steering and …” „… automation features, the operator is responsible for changing harvest vehicle propulsion speed to maintain …” „… the vehicle frame is precisely calibrated. This enables stereo vision algorithms to generate a robust …”

T. Schempp, A. Kaufmann, I. Stohr A Field Tested Adaptive User-Interface – New Ways to Operate Tractors S. 235-242

„… replaced by touch monitors, as tractors are off-highway vehicles in which the driver experiences …” „… traction management and/or the steering system or it could also be the hydraulic foldout/folding-in of an …”

T. Herlitzius, H. Fichtl, A. Grosa, M. Henke, M. Hengst Feldschwarm – Modular and Scalable Tillage Systems with Shared Autonomy S. 409-420

„… : rollers 2 x 20 kW, combination of tine and rotary harrow 60 kW. Hydraulics: 20 l max. 180 bar steering …” „… and design methods. However, as known from robotic vehicle approaches and the autonomous driving, the …” „… complex task and requires some fundamental new solutions. Fully autonomous vehicles need a “zero defect …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023617

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Bremslenkmomentoptimierte Kurvenbremsung von Motorrädern

Gerd Schröter

Series: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Volume 801 2017

Results in this title

Discussion and Outlook S. 206-220

„… centered steering axes. All these vehicles typically feature mass, inertia, and geometry properties that …” „… 600 RR (C-ABS, 2010 model) as reference vehicle for analytical and experimental analysis. The main …” „… fundamentals of vehicle dynamics, the main influence factors on the BST chain of effects are identified and …”

The BST Chain of Effects and State of the Art Countermeasures S. 11-70

„… angle and how the vehicle symmetry plane and center of gravity can laterally be moved by steering …” „… vehicle by exerting an additional roll moment through the feet. At low speeds, the steering kinematics as …” „… responsible for the inherent bi-directional coupling of steering and roll motion of single track vehicles …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVI

„… ° pitch angle σ ° | king-pin inclination angle of steering axis relative to vehicle symmetry plane …” „… technical measures on the vehicle. Besides BSTAM, a counter steering actuator, Cornering Adaptive Brake …” „… kinematic steering axis. A simple mathematical model is used to identify its main influences on the driving …”

Introduction and Aims S. 1-10

„… baseline vehicle: HWa: It will show less initial disturbance in steering torque demand, and, following the …” „… other vehicle transport modes have shown significant decreases in fatalities and serious injuries over …” „… example, annual accident statistics for motorcycles show an overrepresentation of single vehicle crashes …”

Analytic Considerations on the Kinematic Layout and Effectiveness of BSTAM S. 71-124

„… optimal instantaneous center of steering axis inclination (G) over ground in upright vehicle position …” „… distance between tire contact point and projected standard steering axis, respectively vehicle symmetry …” „… vehicle σ / σopt / σred (Optimal / reduced) inclination angle of the projected BSTAM steering axis from …”

Bibliography S. 256-262

„… .; Peretto, M.: Motorcycle Steering Torque Decomposition. In: Proceedings of the World Congress on …” „… the approval and market surveillance of two- or three-wheel vehicles and quadricycles …” „… , eur-lex.europa.eu, last access: 2014-04-30 Evangelou, S.; Limebeer, D. J. N.; Sharp, R. S.; Smith, M. C.: Steering …”

Implementing BSTAM in a Motorcycle S. 125-156

„… bearing points (in vehicle coordinates, along the z’-direction), the instantaneous center of steering …” „… riding or pushing the vehicle. Secondly, the activation energy to move the steering system around the …” „… Vehicle with rider 5 Baseline 276 665 710 680 6 PMC with centered steering axis 292 640 735 720 7 PMC …”

Driving Tests S. 157-205

„… effects and avoid undesired interferences with the rider’s steering corrections to balance the vehicle …” „… vehicle roll angle at t ≈ 0.65 s. In global view of the experiment, an interplay between steering torque …” „… the steering and takes off his feet at about t ≈ 3 s to hold the vehicle upright after standstill …”

Student Research Work S. 265-268

„… for the Prediction of Steering Torque in PTW with Brake Steer Torque Avoidance Mechanism …” „… Tilting Vehicles. Bachelor-Thesis No. 1074/11, 2011 Vasylyev, Oleg: Multi Body Simulation of a …” „… form of student research project in vehicle technology for technical instructors. Student Research …”

Appendix S. 221-255

„… BSTAM in opposing directions on the steering system and vehicle frame r Radius (equal to half the …” „… number of teeth) of the respective gears USHB, LSHB Upper and Lower Steering Head Bearing PGS, LPGC …” „… Gear Figure A.1: Force flow of BSTAM, illustrating the coupling of excenter forces towards steering …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186801128

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Trajektorienplanung zur Kollisionsvermeidung im Straßenverkehr

Martin Keller

Series: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Volume 808 2017

Results in this title

Literatur S. 113-128

„… highways for passenger vehicles with two- and four-wheel active steering“. In: 2010 American Control …” „… . Tseng und D. Hrovat. „Predictive Active Steering Control for Autonomous Vehicle Systems“. In: IEEE …” „… trajectory following control for automatic steering of a collision avoiding vehicle“. In: 2006 American …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186808127

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SIMVEC – Simulation und Erprobung in der Fahrzeugentwicklung

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2333 2018

Results in this title

M. Herold, O. Said, H. Winner Simulative Assessment of Differential Braking for Steering Redundancy in Automated Driven Trucks S. 241-254

„… , the purpose of the automated vehicle is to get to a safe place using brake steering to make a safe …” „… .: Steering redundancy for self-driving vehicles using differential braking. Vehicle System Dynamics, 2017, p …” „… . 1-19 [2] Pilluti, T.; Ulsoy, G.; Hrovat, D.: Vehicle steering intervention through differential …”

J. Neumann, T. Tentrup, T. Weck How to calibrate and test advanced driver assistance and autonomous driving systems EoL – From development into the end-of-line S. 527-542

„… simulated steering/yaw angle of the vehicle are fed back to the environment simulation to update the …” „… technology interacts with the vehicles steering, braking and powertrain system to allow scenario based sensor …” „… . Therefore, the driverless testing of a vehicle on a roll test stand is only possible, if the steering wheel …”

D. Frerichs, M. Borsdorf Quality for Vehicle System Simulation S. 835-846

„… Quality for Vehicle System Simulation Qualität in der Fahrzeug Systemsimulation M. Sc. Dirk …” „… demonstriert wird. Abstract System simulation is becoming a key enabler to support the vehicle …” „… defined accuracy to ensure the reliability of their vehicle behavior predictions. To reach this goal …”

M. Bruschetta, D. Minen Assisted and Autonomous Driving on Driving Simulators – Advanced features to make Dynamic Driving Simulators suitable for studies on Assisted and Autonomous Driving S. 671-684

„… autonomous vehicles, a substantial modification of the human role in the driving action is taking place …” „… , particularly addressing the impact of vehicle dynamic setup. The target user for these applications is a …” „… driver with a realistic perception of the slip dynamics of the vehicle. The combination of the AS, AB …”

D. Klinder, S. Müller Modellbasierte Grundauslegung des Lenkgefuhls fur Steer-by-Wire – Lenksysteme S. 273-286

„… Soll-/Ist-Abgleich wird von einem Steering-Aktuator (STA) mit Positionsregelung sichergestellt [1,2]. Abhängig von …” „… the main steering characteristics on the basis of an extended single-track model. The design steps …” „… Feedback- / Steering- Aktuator als auch der Regelungsmodule nicht berücksichtigt. Für die Ableitung der …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIV

„… Braking for Steering Redundancy in Automated Driven Trucks …” „… autonomous vehicles in a 3D Pointcloud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 337 E …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 389 T. Scholz, M. Hellwig, F. Pautzke, Electric Vehicle Institute Bochum University of Applied …”

I. Vogeler, R. Untermaierhofer, R. Petz, T. Schütz Different methods for road load determination in comparison – Wind tunnel, Wind tunnel method according to WLTP and Coastdown method S. 469-486

„… gernerally possible to determine the total road load of a vehicle with the AEROLAB method, whereby the …” „… energy between this method and the Coastdown method is only -0.6 % for the investigated vehicle …” „… significant influence on the absolute value of the determined road load of a vehicle. 1. Introduction A …”

O. Al-Saidi, S. Müller, A. Zech, C. Schyr Bewertung und Analyse von Fahrzeugregelsystemen im fahrdynamischen Grenzbereich mit einem Vehicle-in-the-Loop Prufstand S. 495-510

„… Vehicle-in-the- Loop Prüfstand Osama Al-Saidi M.Sc., Prof. Dr.-Ing. Steffen Müller, Technische Universität …” „… test tools. This contribution first describes a new test bench concept for complete vehicles which …” „… actuators for the drivetrain and steering with a detailed driving dynamics model. Thus longitudinal and …”

M. Peperhowe, S. Bannenberg, R. Rasche Smart Testing of Intelligent Systems S. 731-748

„… behavior of the Ego-vehicle is described by a maneuver for which speed and steering angle or the …” „… and real vehicles alone. The relevant tests must be moved to the lab earlier in the development …” „… consists of road information, driving maneuvers, and environmental traffic. The virtual vehicle under test …”

H. Schneider, T. Weck Effizientes Testen von Active-Safety Funktionen auf dem Testgelande und in der Simulation . S. 287-304

„… folgende Elemente: - Eine „Advanced Vehicle Simulation“ Plattform, welche detaillierte physikalische und …” „… Quellen, auch direkt von In-Vehicle Messequipment und Simulationstools, importiert werden. Messkanäle …” „… of powertrain ans steering systems with automated driving functions,“ AVL List GmbH Deutschland …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023334

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Nutzfahrzeuge 2017 – Commercial Vehicles 2017

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2298 2017

Results in this title

S. Gohl, F. Tenbrock, L. van Rooij, D. Williams, G. Gumpoltsberger ZF Innovation Truck 2016 – Advanced Driver Assistance Systems are increasing safety and usability S. 41-52

„… semi-trailer. The base vehicle was changed over to ZF components for the drivetrain, the steering system, the …” „… . Upon deviation the controller calculates the necessary steering angle to hold the vehicle in the lane …” „… . The controller demands are being translated into actual vehicle movement by the ReAX active steering …”

G. Chen, C. Keller-Ebert, Z. Liu Requirements of Chinese domestic market for introduction of disc brakes for medium and heavy tractor truck axles – Sino German collaboration to enhance the product introduction process into Chinese ... S. 179-196

„… , commercial vehicle front axle beam, all kinds of steering rod, U bolts, and commercial vehicle seating …” „… , China Abstract Chinese commercial vehicle market is demonstrated and the new regulations limiting …” „… vehicles, offering long lasting service intervals. The disc brake can fulfill these demands and will …”

B. Barrois, A. Mink Mercedes Benz Future Bus – First partly automated city bus with CityPilot S. 53-62

„… technology cannot simply be adopted from other vehicle systems, but must rather be developed further in the …” „… pedestrian recognition, vehicles ahead in the same lane, passing through tunnels, negotiating junctions …” „… such as long-range radar with a range of up to 200 m, electrically actuated steering and the …”

C. Ballarin From the automated vehicle to platooning – a look into the future S. 73-78

„… From the automated vehicle to platooning – a look into the future Dr. Christian Ballarin …” „… , Daimler AG, Stuttgart AUTONOMOUS TRUCKS Autonomous vehicles have been racking up the miles for …” „… , cyclists and slow-moving vehicles, freeways offer the optimal platform on which to automate truck driving …”

C. Neumann, S. D. J. Bosch New system architectures for commercial vehicles to support complex functions for autonomous driving – Sensor set-up for redundant 360°-coverage of the environment S. 63-72

„… New system architectures for commercial vehicles to support complex functions for autonomous …” „… Unit Commercial Vehicles and Aftermarket, Continental GmbH, Villingen-Schwenningen; Sybe Dirk Jan …” „… at least one Long Lange Radar (LRR) and one camera looking in front of the vehicle supporting the …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181022986

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Reifen – Fahrwerk – Fahrbahn

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2425 2023

Results in this title

R. Schurmann, N. Harendza, A. Lion Comparison of numerical methods for real-time simulation of spontaneous axle component failure S. 103-118

„… including anti-roll bars, steering and wheels are extracted from the full vehicle model. The axle models are …” „… the vehicle's side slip angle above the lateral acceleration for the steering wheel angle ramp in …” „… link deformation often leads to a steering wheel misalignment. The aim is to design axle link …”

T. Schmitz, A. Carlitz Fahrwerkskonzept einer individuell lenkbaren Raumlenkerachse mit großem Lenkwinkel S. 55-72

„… , large wheel steering angles are neces-sary. As part of the basic vehicle concept, the first step is to …” „… wheel steering angle is discussed. In the Nimbulus-e concept vehicle, the individually steerable chassis …” „… vTtrack von Reycon [9], das EasyTurn Federbein-Achskonzept von ZF [10], die Steering-Wishbones von …”

M. Becker, M. Kerschenlohr, T. Wagemann, D. Neidlein, N. Merk, B. Schick Eigenschaftsbasierte Methoden zur Charakterisierung aktiver Fahrstreifenwechselfunktionen S. 9-26

„… concerning the approval of vehicles with regard to steering equipment. Revision 4, United Nations, 2018. [4 …” „… subject vehicles were characterized in terms of their individual objective function attributes by …” „… scenarios, where the inertial movement of both ego and target vehicle as well as function responses through …”

T. Ahrenhold, H. Lausch, J. Iatropoulos, R. Henze Fahrsimulatorstudie zur Akzeptanz von reibwertadaptiven Lenkmomentapplikationen eines Steer-by-Wire Lenksystems für das teilautomatisierte Fahren S. 225-238

„… assist on a dynamic vehicle road simulator, WKM-Symposium 2022, Graz, 2022. [10] Ahrenhold, T …” „… friction-adaptive Electronic Stability Control (ESC), 15th International Symposium on Advanced Vehicle Control (AVEC …” „… . [12] Pfeffer, P.; Harrer, M.; Johnston, D.: Modelling of a Hydraulic Steering System, Technischer …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024256

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Fahrerassistenzsysteme und automatisiertes Fahren 2018

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2335 2018

Results in this title

D. Schneider, B. Schick, B. Huber, H. Lategahn Measuring method of function and quality of automated lateral control based on high-precision digital ”Ground Truth” maps S. 3-16

„… built to objectify the driver-vehicle interaction, in particular the steering torque curve and the …” „… important interface between the vehicle and the driver. In order to be able to evaluate the steering …” „… drivervehicle interaction independently of the vehicle bus. All steering wheel functions can still be maintained …”

S. Aydogdu, B. Schick, M. Wolf Current lane keeping assistance systems in benchmarking – accepted or rejected by customers? S. 33-46

„… center of the lane by means of permanent steering torque interventions. The test vehicles used in the …” „… other vehicles is maintained. In addition, harmonious guidance is guaranteed at best and steering …” „… vehicle, the customer attaches great importance to a harmonious driving style. Swinging or jerky steering …”

C. Krummel, D. Wanner Degradation Aspects for Urban Automated Taxis S. 223-230

„… steering unit loss, a human driver in an assisted vehicle will be warned via human-machine-interface that …” „… vehicle to a controlled standstill at a location, where passengers are not exposed to any unreasonable …” „… of vehicle parameters like the reduction of maximum vehicle speed, but also a limitation of the time …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023358

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