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Reifen – Fahrwerk – Fahrbahn

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2398 2022

Results in this title

R. Schurmann, T. Kersten, G. Ungemach, N. Harendza, M. Martynkewicz, B. Schick, M. Böhle Investigation of the damage criticality of axle components of a four-link rear axle on the driving simulator S. 35-58

„… Investigation of the damage criticality of axle components of a four-link rear axle on the driving …” „… possible to experience the MBS model with damaged axle components on the driving simulator and thus also to …” „… evaluate them subjec-tively. Various deformation states of the components of the four-link rear axle are …”

B. Schick, M. Böhle, P. Pfeffer, M. Niegl, S. Vorderobermeier Use of driving simulators in chassis development – applications and potentials S. 175-190

„… Chassis Symposium 2021 [6] Schurmann et al. “Investigation of the failure criticality of axle components …” „… motion and the option to incorporate real components such as steering and brakes system with controls …” „… hardware, software and simulation components and allows the integration of different hardware setups, such …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-VIII

„… , Mercedes-Benz AG, Sindelfingenf FahrwerksentwicklungInvestigation of the damage criticality of axle components …” „… of a four-link rear axle on the driving simulator …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023983

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Reifen – Fahrwerk – Fahrbahn

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2425 2023

Results in this title

R. Schurmann, N. Harendza, A. Lion Comparison of numerical methods for real-time simulation of spontaneous axle component failure S. 103-118

„… simulation of spontaneous axle component failureDipl.-Ing. Robert Schurmann, Volkswagen AG, Wolfsburg; M. Sc …” „… spontaneous deformation of an axle component and its spontaneous breakage after the impact of an overload …” „… components is very demanding. For the assessment of component failures, the axle components to be tested are …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-X

„… numerical methods for real-time simulation of spontaneous axle component failure 103R. Schurmann …” „… FahrwerkskonzepteED::Axle LCV – Koppellenkerachse mit Querblattfeder 43F. Mergner, EDAG Engineering GmbH …”

V. Yordanov, L. Eckstein Supplying Real-Time Data to a Digital Twin of the Road System using Tyres and Chassis as Data Providers S. 133-144

„… pivotal components within the force transmission chain (such as empirical tyre models) present elevated …” „… insight to the practical application and investigation results of a prototype sensor at component level …” „… central component of a virtual sensor concept for the determination of input variables for the digital …”

K. Sedlan, A. Apel, B. Schick, M. Böhle Methoden, Nutzen und Potenziale von Fahrsimulatoren in der Reifen- und Fahrwerkabstimmung S. 239-XII

„… the damage criticality of axle components of a four-link rear ax-le on the driving simulator …” „… after chassis component damages on the dynamic driving simulator”, 12th International Munich Chassis …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024256

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Drivetrain Solutions for Commercial Vehicles

VDI Wissensform GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2421 2023

Results in this title

M. Eisele, M. Kohler Modular Electric Driveline Platform for Commercial Vehicles – Central Drives and Electric Axles Built up From Standardized and Scalable Components S. 37-46

„… Modular Electric Driveline Platform for Commercial Vehicles Central Drives and Electric Axles …” „… Built up From Standardized and Scalable Components Markus Eisele, Markus Kohler, ZF Group …” „… central drives and electric axles. Both types have their individual benefits and disadvantages. We will …”

B. Wunderlich Development of an heavy duty eAxle for worldwide application within Daimler Truck portfolio S. 175-180

„… gearset minimizes the effort on require-ments for functional safety. Existing components such as axle …” „… / electrical carrier. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2421, 2023 177The electrical carrier as the major component of the eAxle …” „… differential. Fig. 2: Re440 concept overview Main components of Re440 are shown in Fig. 3: 1. Axle housing …”

I. Gonzalez, C. Reisinger Electrifying trucks and commercial vehicles without compromise S. 59-66

„… eBeam rear axle using stock suspension and brake components, combined with a front Magna eDrive that is …” „… also delivery vehicles, vans, and off-road vehicles. Beam axles for all these segments have been proven …” „… , typically vans, trucks, and LCVs, Figure 1. Fig. 1: Beam axle advantages compared to independent suspension …”

M. Trahand Drivetrain architectures and vehicle integration: The evolution and advantages of in-wheel propulsion for heavy-duty commercial vehicles S. 123-134

„… axle manu-facturers to move the motor position to the axle, first bolting it onto the differential then …” „… inte-grating it into eAxles. The next step in electric drivetrain evolution led motor companies to combine …” „… lost to all the components of the drivetrain engaged along the way to the wheels, from the drive shaft …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-X

„… ComponentsDevelopment of an heavy duty eAxle for worldwide application within Daimler Truck portfolio 175B. Wunderlich …” „… for Electrification and Automated Driving 29B. Meurer, ZF, Hannover Zero emission componentsModular …” „… . Kampker, M. Kehrer, S. Hagedorn, P. Euchner, Chair of Production Engineering of E-Mobility Components …”

B. Meurer The next level of an improved Truck-Trailer connection and interaction – Examples for Electrification and Automated Driving S. 29-36

„… battery cooling system with further com-ponents and an adapted suspension to integrate the ZF e-Axle …” „… . It is the combination of a generator axle and a battery on the trailer purely to electrify the …” „… consists of three main building blocks: An elec-tric traction axle, a box that includes the battery, the …”

A. Rozum, R. Uerlich, G. Witham, L. Eckstein Modular powertrains for heavy-duty electric vehicles – From concept to prototype S. 191-XII

„… project of Concept ELV2 (funded by BMWi), a novel electrically driven axle (e-axle) is developed together …” „… requirement sources for heavy duty vehicles, followed up by different transmission concepts for e-axles. A …” „… different operation strategies of the latter. Lastly, the measurement data of the Concept ELV2 e-axle …”

C. Schmidt Fault analysis of truck drivelines using big data methods S. 149-160

„… between load and load-bearing capacity of a component [1] The loads on a component arise from the …” „… normalized fuel consumption), optimization of design (e.g., adjusting the rear axle ratio), and comparative …” „… fuel consumption across different emission levels Assessment of the Operating Severity of Rear Axle …”

A. Arnberger, H. Wancura, M. Wieser, H. Zhou, W. Gruber, J. Pell, C. Schörghuber Hybrid powertrain with hydrogen-engine – Technical solutions for future commercial vehicle powertrains S. 79-92

„… environmental conditions  Carry-Over Engine: carry-over of current engine components and powertrain …” „… control-complexity and higher product costs (higher number of components) compared to parallel hybrid. When it comes …” „… : electric axle, all-wheel drive possible Fig. 3: Overview of parallel hybrid configurations With respect …”

G. Wiche Voith Central Drive Concept for HD Trucks S. 181-190

„… purpose vehicle platform. The main components of the developed powertrain are 1) a four-speed AMT with …” „… . The fourth component is an optional retarder – a component that is normally not expected in an …” „… comprises three main components: the high-speed EVO motor, the Future Inverter Platform (FIP), and the …”

H. Heimes, A. Kampker, M. Kehrer, S. Hagedorn, P. Euchner Packaging concepts for fuel cell commercial vehicles – From practical to application-oriented designs S. 13-28

„… M.Sc., Chair of Production Engineering of E-Mobility Components (PEM) of RWTH Aachen Zusammenfassung …” „… components, known as "Packaging." Initially, manufacturers used "Conversion Design" to leverage existing …” „… of 1.5 tons. The powertrain was featured by a distinctive suspension and reduction axles directly at …”

J. Hohn, M. Fister, C. Spieker, A. Lemmer Optimisation of an unsynchronized transmission for commercial vehicles up to 7 tonnes S. 161-174

„… damping properties of the real driveline. Since the aim of the project is to build a prototype axle and a …” „… load that are significant for the duration of the shifting process. Thus, only components with a …” „… as low as possible in order to protect components and maintain driving comfort. A good compromise is …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024218

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Dritev 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2420 2023

Results in this title

R. Plavullathil, M. Rihn, C. Bridier Marelli’s eAxle family strategy – Agile answer to a moving EV market S. 281-294

„… e-axles, PUNCH will contribute gearbox components and development as well as manufacturing expertise. Up …” „… electric motors for the twin electric axles. Only the component kit with the diameter of 244mm is …” „… Marelli’s eAxle family strategy Agile answer to a moving EV market Dipl.-Ing. Rahul Plavullathil …”

S. Yan, P. Piecha, N. Hetzel Virtual Generation of Load Profiles and Spectra for Designing Electrified Vehicles – The influence of software and driving scenarios on powertrain design S. 377-390

„… drive systems and their components is an ever greater challenge in times of diversity in powertrain …” „… to support the design process of the drive system and the associated components. Early on, virtual …” „… powertrain components of exemplary var-iants of a vehicle model. These variants will feature different …”

L. Bayoux, K.-L. Kimmig, D. Reitz Has the potential in terms of weight, installation space, and function already been exhausted for hybrid transmissions? S. 205-220

„… exhausted for hybrid transmissions? Innovative component development for hybrid systems Dipl.-Ing. Laurent …” „… developed. To this end, Schaeffler as a component and system supplier offers innovative solutions around the …” „… clutch, protect the powertrain components from overtorque. The latest Schaeffler solution also offers a …”

M. Magnusson, O. Nicklasson, H. Jacobsson Electric Cross Differential, eXD S. 235-252

„… propulsion axle equipped with an eXD (eLSD). An open differential mechanism acts as 50/50% torque …” „… on an axle with an open differential, “artificial” resistance torque on the low grip side can be …” „… speed. To increase the torque on the high grip side, a propulsion axle equipped with an eXD can instead …”

S. Kaimer Vehicle Motion Control by Advanced Wheel Torque Management S. 13-20

„… power output. Secondly, placing two separate e-drives on the front and rear axle is easier than …” „… drives as driving dynamics controllers by shifting torque between the axles. Another paradigm shift is …” „… active sideslip angle limitation. The sideslip angle describes how much the axles slip sideward in …”

J. Gindele, F. Faistauer The Future of BEV: High Performance Without Compromising Driving Efficiency S. 37-44

„… characteristics of two electric drives across the front and rear axle. 2. Main losses of electric drives To …” „… relevant operating points were depicted via eDrive axle speed and axle torque. The relevant operating …” „… to increase due to component effects. Electric motors designed for higher power output contains more …”

Y. Jin Smart eDrive – Autonomous cooling eDrive for small BEVs and P4 AWD S. 21-36

„… related components and integrate the cooling elements directly on the eAxle. For example, the water pump …” „… . This solution will also bring high benefits while used as a secondary axle for the xEV AWD solutions …” „… will be inte-grated on the eAxle as an oil pump. The radiator will be integrated as the cooling fins …”

C. Mohr Acoustic Optimization of Electric Powertrains from a Vehicle Level Perspective S. 471-XVI

„… e-axle; this involved performing a noise synthesis based on compo-nent measurements as well as a full …” „… , early on in the development stage, of the impact electrical components will have on the sub-sequent …” „… an early stage and to break sound pattern targets down into individual components. The entire tool …”

H. Sandquist, E. Barrientos, S. Klacar Systemized Modular Approach for Electric Drive Unit Family Development S. 89-106

„… value chain, including production software and single components. The company was founded in 2021 in …” „… system (EDU) design and subsequently to component and sub-component design and dimensioning. For example …” „… of components and at a highest benefit for the customers and OEM.This approach, breaking down generic …”

C. Reumüller, M. Sedlmair, M. Hein, A. Damm Transformation from conventional to electric powertrains Challenges in testing mechatronic shifting systems S. 359-376

„… gears, limited slip differentials, active torque vectoring or connect and disconnect systems for axles …” „… example to disable 4-wheel-drive [2] for reducing drag torque in cruise mode or to connect an e-axle in a …” „… . Fig. 4 (left) shows the components of the monostable, normally open CDC which is preloaded by a spring …”

A. Paone, J. Larbig, A. Rohm, T. Höche ZF TherMaS: Holistic Thermal Management for BEV S. 45-60

„… increase efficiency, every kind of optimization on the component level (e-motor, power electronics, reducer …” „… the vehicle sub-components allows a better design of the components themselves and a better …” „… cooled condenser, enabling use of any loss energy of the components for VDI-Berichte Nr. 2420, 2023 47 …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIV

„… am Juni 15, 2023 | 11:45:49 | 148 mm x 210 mm ComponentsInnovative cold metal forming processes for …” „… , DarmstadtMarelli’s eAxle family strategy – Agile answer to a moving EV market 281R. Plavullathil, Marelli EPT, Turin …” „… a sustainable future – Moving forward with helical gear drive components in a resourceand …”

J. Bonifacio, V. Warth, S. Scharr Optimizing sustainable high-performance e-drives S. 349-358

„… . Motivation Weight and space reduction are permanent challenges in the design of electric axle drives in …” „… assessed and optimized. In general, it can be stated that an optimal point at component level does not …” „… computational burden for online control. In general, it can be stated that optimized components do not …”

A. Kappes, S. Frei, P. Noone, Stephan Rinderknecht Development and Design of a Range Extended four-speed Two-Drive-Powertrain S. 253-280

„… axle and connect them to the same transmission output, as illustrated in Fig. 4 as a TDT11. The expense …” „… of installing two EMs on one axle can hardly be justified considering the relatively small efficiency …” „… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2420, 2023256axles. Furthermore, the latter allows higher driving dynamics, which makes a TDT …”

C. Gürlich, S. Demmerer, M. Winkel, K. Führer Transmission – the most underestimated part of the electric drive – Next generation transmission S. 183-196

„… , such as the ability to interchange components easily to adapt to various applications. Modular systems …” „… transmissions consist of two separate components: the gearbox and the differential. The gearbox's function is to …” „… integrating these two components to form a coaxial reduction gearbox with an integrated differential. The new …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024201

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DRITEV – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2021

VDI-Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2381 2021

Results in this title

F. Bayer, J. Tochtermann Development of a Heavy-Duty E-Axle S. 621-636

„… design of an e-axle, where additional components like e-motor(s), transmission and even an inverter need …” „… components had to be positioned. The hydraulic system of the e-axle is described later in this paper. As the …” „… e-axle was to be designed as a prototype, it was decided to attach these components outside to the …”

B. Krüger, G. Filomeno, D. Dennin, P. Tenberge Holistic Design of All-Wheel Drive Electric Powertrains Using a Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm S. 377-394

„… including all components is shown in Fig. 1. Both front and rear axle are driven by a separate electric …” „… configurations. Component Options Front axle EM type IM PMSM Rear axle EM type IM PMSM Front axle disconnect …” „… driven by a central engine, electric all-wheel drive systems are realized as axle split systems. Both …”

A. Bagh, D. Magnor, J. Kneiber, F. Löhe eTransport – Application of axle-integrated e-drive in urban LCV and MD trucks S. 637-652

„… eTransport Application of axle-integrated e-drive in urban LCV and MD trucks Dr.-Ing …” „… electric utility vehicles for urban logistics including rear axles with electric powertrain eTransport …” „… . Electric powered axle, necessary power electronics, battery as well as control unit provide a complete …”

R. Resch, C. Danzer, A. Poppitz, T. Pirkl Alternative drivetrains for sustainable commercial vehicles S. 669-684

„… off-the-shelf components. The two motors are combined with a 3-speed E-Transmission to provide a peak axle …” „… applications. Advantageously, this may facilitate a scaling potential of these components regarding production …” „… volumes, thus enabling lower prices for these components. Depending on the vehicles load profile the EDU …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVI

„… components for hybrids and e-drives Simulation and AI-supported design in development Plenary speeches …” „… conventional and electrifi ed drives Latest test methods for the validation of components Expectations of the …” „… List GmbH, Graz, Austria; A. Pujari, BMW Group, München Content f E-axles and Electrified AWD Power …”

F. Müller-Deile Advanced design of electric machines for trailers with electric axles S. 653-668

„… Advanced design of electric machines for trailers with electric axles Optimal design and …” „… series realization of the e-Drive and its components it is essential to find a balance between …” „… standardized modular components, whereas the towing vehicle would need complex modifications with expensive …”

K. Hirano E-Axle with multi driving modes for BEV & Mild HEV P4 – The 3 in 1 e-Axle for EV requiring a wide range of driving force S. 229-240

„… ” mode 5. SCALABILITY DMM Axle has the following scalability by utilizing the components (motors and …” „… E-Axle with multi driving modes for BEV & Mild HEV P4 The 3 in 1 e-Axle for EV requiring a wide …” „… Motor - Multi Driving Mode” e-Axle is a “Two motor - Two speed” eAxle developed to achieve low power …”

C. Schmidt, H. Dhejne, J. Karlsson High Efficient 2 speed e-Axle – Highly efficient and shiftable under load S. 145-158

„… High Efficient 2 speed e-Axle Highly efficient and shiftable under load Christian Schmidt …” „… requirements, which can no longer be supported by single speed architecture. A highly efficient 2speed e- Axle …” „… optimized overall efficiency, NVH, thermal behavior and durability already in early stage of the e-Axle …”

D. Lechleitner, M. Hofstetter, M. Hirz, C. Gsenger, K. Huber Parking Lock Integration for Electric Axle Drives by Multi-Objective Design Optimization S. 303-318

„… axle drive (e-drive) that consists of the main components “power electronics unit”, “electric machine …” „… Parking Lock Integration for Electric Axle Drives by Multi-Objective Design Optimization …” „… considerations, electric axle drives (e-drives) are often equipped with a parking lock system, which prevents …”

D. Morgenweck, M. Großmann, W. Fakler, M. Lamke, F. Bitzer ZF E-Mobility Software Functions for Commercial Vehicles S. 703-718

„… fixed ratio gear set. The electric components come from the ZF volume-produced product Electric Axle …” „… , Plug-in Hybrid, BEV and FCEV. It is vital to meet the needs of the respective segments with components …” „… commercial technology approach: A kit that consists of electrical, mechanical and software components. One …”

R. R. Kasibhatla, P. Neidhardt, K. Caliskan Thermal Simulation according to Maturity Level in E-Drive Development S. 61-76

„… the active electromagnetic components like stator windings, magnets, stator- and rotor sheet packets …” „… but also the mechanical components such as bearings, sealings, gears, stator housing, shaft and lance …” „… of electric motor (left) and electric axle (right) Detailed 3D CHT model takes both mechanical and …”

C. Schörghuber, M. Ortner, J. Pell, S. Pretsch Holistic system design and operation of a fuel cell truck based on an innovative energy management S. 685-700

„… consists of several systems, the most important ones are the fuel cell, the battery, the e-axle and the …” „… by the energy management. Due to the special properties of the components and the limited …” „… (GCW) of 42 tons (i.e. 40t + 2t due to European new energy legislation). The main components of the …”

S. Kaimer Power to the Wheels – Challenges and Benefits of Electrified AWD for EVs and Hybrid vehicles S. 117-124

„… eliminates any additional fuel consumption from mechanical losses. But which e-drive axle technology is …” „… favorable in terms of driving dynamics and efficiency? Magna Powertrain has compared four different axle …” „… and electric motors, possibly via two axles. In order to make this diversity manageable, Magna has …”

H. Wittig, J. Engasser, A. Glavinic AEROFLEX – Distributed Hybrid Drivetrain for Long Haul Freight Vehicles S. 593-608

„… improved by adding additional drive axles, which e.g. improve gradeability. This concept might allow …” „… Torque Management System (GETMS), the Smart Power Dolly (SPD), which has a steerable front axle and an …” „… electrically driven rear axle, and a semitrailer, which is also equipped with an electrically driven axle …”

Z. Caba, M. Zafer, C. Harman, G. Hellenbroich, Ö. Eyigöz Multi-speed e-axle for electrified heavy commercial vehicles S. 609-620

„… Multi-speed e-axle for electrified heavy commercial vehicles Dr. Ziya Caba, Melih Zafer, Caner …” „… Otosan and FEV are developing an electric axle for heavy duty commercial vehicles. The unit is intended …” „… reusability, a P4 layout is chosen, for which a newly developed e-axle is fitted to a conventional tractor as …”

J. De Landtsheere TREMEC HYbrid DRive Axle – HYDRA – Hybridization enables RWD dynamics in a FWD car S. 125-144

„… TREMEC HYbrid DRive Axle - HYDRA Hybridization enables RWD dynamics in a FWD car Ir. Jannick …” „… transmission is not always possible or favourable. Some vehicles benefit more from a hybridized axle …” „… hybrid axle concept is realized that combines a power dense electric motor with a mechanical on-demand …”

L. de Ruijsscher TREMEC Hybrid Dual Clutch Transmission (HDCT) – Electrification of TREMEC’s high performance dual clutch transmission S. 159-178

„… . A key attribute to TREMEC’s development approach is vertical integration from component design and …” „… functionality, but can be more expensive due to the increase in components and is typically larger in both size …” „… configuration adds electromotors to the rear axles, one on each output shaft of the transmission. This results …”

N. Scharlach Possibilities of a modern Powertrainmanagement S. 719-XIX

„… , additional and mandatory components, subsystems, … needed to be partly redesigned or revised. For the …” „… . § Additional components and subsystems o Hardware protection functions should be allocated there. o Operation …” „… functions and low level management functions should be allocated there o All these components and …”

S. Idler, C. Bünder Scaling the functionality of a DCT-based DHD to segmentspecific requirements – The new high torque DHD Plus S. 241-254

„… ) either as a front driven solution or in combination with an electric drive system (eDS) on the rear axle …” „… powershift capability with five physical gears enabling a) axle torque over vehicle speed close to ICE peak …” „… ) Figure 3: eDrive in gear 2nd with a) axle torque over vehicle speed and b) DHD Plus torque flow path …”

E. Schneider, C. Danzer, E. Schreiterer Modular and highly functional Hybrid Platform for subcompact cars up to full-size SUV S. 191-206

„… challenge of defining cost-efficient platforms with modular components so that a wide range of vehicles can …” „… these powertrain components, topologies and functions requires a development process on the system …” „… number of all possible powertrain components to obtain powertrain variants that are optimized in terms …”

A. Drechsel, J. Pellkofer, K. Stahl, J. Sandor, M. Hein Development of a new test method to investigate the wear behaviour of hypoid gear oils S. 453-468

„… , highly loaded hypoid gears, which are preferably used in vehicle axle drives, exhibit an unfavorable …” „… thicknesses in terms of wear due to the axle offset, their flank geometry and their areas of application. The …” „… to their preferred application in vehicle axle drives, they are subject to highest demands in regard …”

X. Zhang, F. Küçükay Driveability optimization of electrified powertrains utilizing machine learning based control and the interaction with ADAS/AD systems S. 361-376

„… properties of the EM to cancel out the mechanical components in terms of start, reverse and synchronization …” „… . However, the elimination of these mechanical components has a large impact on driveability such as …” „… system, the elements of the simplified model do not have a one-to-one corresponding component in the …”

T. Skubacz, C. Burkhardt, S. Krischke Shift Elements for Electric and Hybrid Drivetrains – Shift elements with low drag losses, high actuation energy efficiency and integrated overload protection S. 487-498

„… contributes to vehicle safety requirements and allows the oversizing of surrounding components to be reduced …” „… combustion engine and transmission (P2), on the transmission (P3), close to the axle (P4) up to …” „… components. Switching elements either implement different load paths, e.g. transmission pathways, or serve …”

J. Shutty, A. Moser, D. Gajowski Analysis of propulsion system architectures across vehicle segments and markets S. 23-34

„… , 800V), eMotor position (P0, P1, P2, P3, P4, PS, RWD/AWD EV), multi-motor solutions (dual axle, P0/P3 …” „… (eMotors, thermal systems, power electronics, battery systems, control systems, engine components …” „… showing the efficiency effects of temperature isolated to individual components are also shown to …”

W. Sackl Sustainable Powertrain Solutions – the new role of the powertrain at Magna S. 1-10

„… example, by electrifying both front and rear axles, we achieve very fast and reproducible controllability …” „… be "new") based on a scalable electrified kit of powertrain and drivetrain components, where …” „… efficiency improvements: From fossil fuels to electrified powertrains and from Selling Components to Selling …”

A. Albers, M. Behrendt, J. Köber, T. Breitinger Development of a method for the automated validation of the shift quality of modern dual clutch transmissions on full-vehicle test benches S. 399-414

„… behavior of the longitudinal acceleration. For this purpose, the axles are physically excited with the …” „… excitation from the axles to the body. The measured oscillation is subsequently imposed on the calculated …” „… with sufficient accuracy. In particular, the higher-frequency components are not represented, which …”

F. Langhammer, A. Kappes, A. Viehmann, S. Rinderknecht Novel “Two-Drive-Transmission for Long-Range” Powertrain: Ecology and Efficiency meet Driving Comfort S. 207-228

„… Fig. 4: Schematic layout of an inline TDT4LR For inline applications two gear stages plus an axle …” „… limitations of the electric components. This is qualitatively shown in Fig. 16 with EM1 providing its maximum …” „… highly overloadable electric components, it is expected that the torque changes at the side shafts are …”

G. Brudeli, B. Vestgård, S. Bjørkgård, L. Bjørkhaug Sustainable drivetrain architecture for hybrid and electric trucks S. 567-580

„… . Fig. 1: The BGM parallel-serial hybrid system. Main components in green. The electric motor E1 is …” „… lower rear axle gear ratio and thereby a lower rpm in the highest gear, and driveability is maintained …”

G. Herbillon Performances Validation of an electrically-commanded dog clutch system for multi-speed and disconnectable eDrives S. 255-274

„… the traction machine. Statement #3: Dual-axle vehicles deliver high dynamic performances, but chase …” „… secondary axle with disconnection clutch for efficiency optimization. As all types of losses are tracked …” „… clutch technology only includes 5 components: - a dog ring supported by a fork translates between 2 …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023815

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LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2427 2023

Results in this title

S. Willems, R. Himmelsbach, S. Igl Electric powertrain solutions for tractors – An introduction to a highly integrated electric axle drive system S. 295-300

„… axle, but with a significantly reduced number of mechanical components, leveraging the extended speed …” „… axle driveline To create a compact packaging of components, a highly innovative integrated differential …” „… Electric powertrain solutions for tractors An introduction to a highly integrated electric axle …”

C. Mayer, T. Eberhart, K. Huber, J. Karner Fuel cell electric tractor powered with biogenic hydrogen – Vehicle design and architecture S. 57-62

„… volume of 180 l diesel and a weight of 6 060 kg in the selected configuration [5]. 2. Main components …” „… 360 to 560 V depending on the operating point. It includes the balance of plant (BoP) components of …” „… components Furthermore, the transmission housing acts as a structural element, which supports resistive …”

C. Birkmann, C. Schaub, M. Schmotz, N.-K. Rose, S. Walther, P. Guillaume Multi-Dimensional Three-Point-Hitch Control to Optimize Performance, Efficiency and Working Quality of Tractor Implement Combinations S. 181-190

„… three-point-hitch control mainly consists of already existing rear hitch components, adding a top link length …” „… control should mainly consist of already used components, ensuring compatibility with current tractors and …” „… hitch components, the existing lift arm position measurement, and the existing hydraulic control valves …”

A. Lajunen Numerical simulation of alternative powertrains and fuels in agricultural tractors S. 29-38

„… release, culminating in the provision of model libraries tailored to various powertrain components, as …” „… well as comprehensive component initialization data designed also for heavy-duty vehicles. The …” „… libraries, which furnish initialization data for various components found in both light and heavy-duty …”

M. Müter, S. Maesing, H. Mählmann-Dunker, W. Timmer FF Prepare for Autonomy Necessity and implementation of a smart transportation concept for autonomous agricultural machines S. 513-518

„… driven by a farm's regular staff. System architecture The central components of the system are the …” „… the axles can be decoupled from the diesel-electric powertrain. At the same time, the diesel engine is …” „… and safe driving on public roads, both axles of the autonomous tractor are controlled individually or …”

K. Kivekäs, A. Lajunen R. Stirnimann#S. Gfeller High-fidelity simulation modelling of agricultural mobile robots S. 255-262

„… using the simulation engine. The 3D models of the different components were created with the Blender 3D …” „… modelling software [9]. The robot was designed to be rear-wheel drive with a beam axle in the rear, and the …” „… vehicle simulation software, which features an expansive library of powertrain components [10]. The robot …”

M. Hengst, T. Herlitzius, H. Fichtl, I. Mai, K. Ludwig Field Tests with the Modular and Scalable Tillage Systems Feldschwarm S. 555-XXII

„… designed as modular components with common interfaces for a tool carrier concept that is also suitable for …” „… front (main drive axle) and the rear axle, the latter is designed as a tyre packer. For a better …” „… entire machine is equipped with a telematics system, which was used to read out the components of the …”

C. Korn, T. Herlitzius, K. Lüpping, A. Afting Study on the use of DEM for the optimization of pelleting rollers S. 403-412

„… ” In particular, the two die rollers, which are the core components of the machine, are in the focus …” „… axle distance were tested. Target values are the press-in depth (displacement of filling particle …” „… towards roller axle), the torque of the die rollers, the accumulated wear at both rollers, and the derived …”

R. Konradt, S. Schmidt Design of an adjustable lightweight stilt tractor – Concept tractor for the application of biological control in maize S. 289-294

„… track width, as the cosine component of the height change is less than the corresponding sine component …” „… entire front half is designed as a static swing axle supported by a rubber suspension element. The cab is …”

T. Blume, L. Neumann Self-supervised learning for an agriculture driver assistant system S. 471-476

„… core system of hardware and software components for control, sensory detection, and networking. As a …” „… rest of the tractor via a spring-damper system, the sensors move dynamically towards the rear axle …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XX

„… introduction to a highly integrated electric axle drive system 295S. Willems, R. Himmelsbach, ZF …” „… Sweden, Uppsala, Sweden;A. Örde, Traktorarvid AB, Emil Vestman, Regal Components AB,A. Hägglund …”

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Plastics in Automotive Engineering 2016

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 4343 2016

Results in this title

S. Rübsamen, N. Elbs, H. Häberle CFRP air spring carrier for buses Feasibility study S. 329-336

„… component-oriented fiber placement. Each end of the braiding core is held by a robot and the robots guide the …” „… carrier links the rear axle of a tour bus to the body (passenger cell). The feasibility study shows …” „… rigid and safety-relevant part were automated production for thick-walled components, good …”

H. Gawinski, E. Neitzel, D. Bauch Potential for weight reduction in commercial vehicles – Air springs with pistons made of glass-fiber- reinforced plastic S. 337-344

„… A suitable material base for the highly stressed connecting components for frame and axle mounting …” „… limited axle loads. The key is to substitute plastic for metal. For air springs this route has been …” „… more realistic indication of stress in the component by transferring the results of mold flow analysis …”

H. Kempe Dimensioning and production of leaf springs made of fiber-reinforced plastics for use in heavyduty commercial vehicles – Special features and challenges S. 345-346

„… . Production of the structural components Taking a front-axle longitudinal leaf spring as an example, a …” „… description is given of the production of thick-walled structural components by prepreg hot press molding …” „… production of the component. 345 …”

M. Derks Carbon core: the use of CFRP in the body structure of the BMW 7 Series S. 83-92

„… concept in the body structure of the new BMW 7 Series in the context of lightweight components in the …” „… components in high volume production are described. By intensive process chain collaboration in the design …” „… agile but yet comfortable overall vehicle concept with a low center of gravity and good axle load …”

R. Mielke, P. Dierks Challenging surfaces and lightweight construction in the instrument panel of the new Volkswagen Tiguan S. 5-16

„… – so-called leather grains – dominate in the surface structures of plastic components in the interior of the …” „… surface disturbances, such as unevennesses in plastic components. Geometrically oriented surface …” „… of the instrument panel of the new Tiguan. Lasering is not carried out on the component itself nor …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783182443438

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Dritev 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2401 2022

Results in this title

K. Lee, M. Song, S. Lim Multi-body Dynamics of a Vehicle Axle System Based on a Time-varying Gear Mesh Model for Investigating Hypoid Gear Noise and Vibration S. 185-196

„… recognize the contribution of drivetrain components, including the axle gearbox, sub-frame, cardan shaft …” „… noise of axle drivetrains, it is still not fully understood how much component mode contribution and …” „… , wheel drive shafts, a sub-frame, wheels, and axle gearbox, including a hypoid gear pair. All components …”

D. Held The EtelligentReach Project – A new Level for Range and Dynamics S. 267-276

„… system at the front and rear axles, each with up to 180 kW output and a torque vectoring unit at the rear …” „… axle. Magna went for a system with two wet clutches. Compared to other available systems, it offers the …” „… axle to be disconnected, and thus assures load point shifting at the front drive. In the 2nd phase of …”

J. Kniel, M. Göckler, B. Müller Holistic thermal management as a “must have” for efficient BEV S. 397-406

„… temperatures, enabling high charging power and make sure that every component is brought and kept in its …” „… with a holistic thermal management approach, developing excellent systems and components for and with …” „… our customers. Goal is to bundle the thermal knowledge and connect the needs of the components like …”

T. Skubacz, C. Burkhardt, S. Krischke Proof of Concept: Bistable Shift Element S. 241-252

„… engagement (dog clutches) also enables shifting under differential speed. In component test bench and …” „… it possible to provide proof-of-concept for the component, which is new in this form. 1. Motivation …” „… . The second example (Fig. 1b) shows the application in an e-axle configuration. The vehicle may also be …”

S. kyoung Lee, B. jae Lee, H. joon Kim Extreme cornering performance of Integrated Drive Axle on vehicle S. 291-302

„… Extreme cornering performance of Integrated Drive Axle on vehicle Soo kyoung Lee, M. Eng. Bum jae …” „… Integrated Drive Axle into a vehicle, even though the camber stiffness is in-creased, the unsprung mass can …” „… be reduced. This study examines how the Integrated Drive Axle improves cornering performance in …”

A. J. Wimmer High-Speed Testing: The Fast Lane towards a Running System S. 365-380

„… testing facilities for components and assemblies of drive systems have changed a lot over the last years …” „… rising of speed by the shift towards electrically driven vehicles; but nowadays such components have been …” „… of E-Mobility Components over Years Over the last decade the development of drive systems was facing …”

M. Essam Ahmed, I. Garcia de Madinabeitia Merino, F. Duchi Advanced Electric Drive Modelling for Thermal and NVH adaptive control S. 407-XII

„… Advanced Electric Drive Modelling for Thermal and NVH adaptive control Case study 48V e-Axle for …” „… development of electric drives components to be integrated and optimized together at an early stage …” „… allow an early integration between the components where their impact on each other can be optimized with …”

H. Spånberg Electric Torque Vectoring Disconnect unit, eTVD S. 253-266

„… disconnect the secondary axle when AWD or torque vectoring is not required. The electric Torque Vectoring …” „… motor on the secondary axle. This paper explains the benefits and possibilities with the eTVD from a …” „… on the rear axle. In that way the eTVD offers the possibility to freely distribute the accelerating …”

D. Lindvai-Soos, S. Kaimer Electric Drives for All-wheel Functions – A System Comparison of ASM and PSM S. 109-118

„… axle. The driver experiences enhanced traction and better handling. Therefore in electric passenger …” „… , only one driven axle and a driving range from 350 to 500 km are typical. Above these, performance …” „… vehicles can VDI-Berichte Nr. 2401, 2022 109be seen with two driven axles and a maximum total power output …”

T. König, L. Stütz, L. Bauer, M. Kley Model-based simulation of a longitudinal dynamics vehicle model with a single-wheel drive S. 381-396

„… two-axle vehicle in longitudinal motion is possible. Another relevant component of the simulation model is …” „… situation requires a considera-tion of real measured efficiencies of the individual components in the …” „… architectures. Virtual testing of complete systems is an essential component in the development process of …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-X

„… , Simerics GmbH, RottenburgMulti-body Dynamics of a Vehicle Axle System Based on a Time-varying Gear Mesh …” „… � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 185 K. Lee, M. Song, S. Lim, Hyundai-Wia, Unwang-si, Korea f Components & Plastics …” „… ApplicationsFlowforming – High-strength complex components including toothing formed from a single sheet of metal …”

H. Seidl, L. Momsen, D. Güth, S. Nett Network-based System Development and Integration Approach S. 277-290

„… suppliers, particular for electric drive systems have to cope with mechanical and electrical components …” „… development time. Moving from component to full-service system supplier under this circum-stance requires a …” „… steps from the system level down to the compo-nent and software level. This new process allows as to …”

F. Pfister, N. Hetzel, K. Büttner Objectified Evaluation of Fundamental Driveability Maneuvers at Powertrain-in-the-Loop Testbeds for Electric Drive Units S. 61-72

„… are able to perfectly compensate disturbing fac-tors and to protect components from potentially …” „… , transmission, power electronics and controls is integrated as a real component (rUUT = real unit under test …” „… future real components (real-time simula-tion models and controls). This also concerns the vehicle …”

M. Hein, S. Prinke, A. Damm, P. Fischer Testing of shift elements – Standardized Methods, State of the Art and Future Challenges S. 73-94

„… characteristics, component strength, measured shift forces or in the case of synchronizers by the blocking safety …” „… interaction with the whole drivetrain as well as the component’s shifting behavior itself. Caused by the …” „… synchronizer system consists of different components that are shown in Fig. 1. During the synchronization …”

A. Eßer, J. Mölleney, S. Rinderknecht Potentials to reduce the Energy Consumption of Electric Vehicles in Urban Traffic S. 133-152

„… ratio but two EM, one EM for each axle. Potentials to reduce the Energy Consumption of ElectricVehicles …” „… components and corresponding powerloss-models as well as the applied operating strategy are presented …” „… forward-facing models, which in contrast are better suited for detailed studies of certain components [17 …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024010

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Powertrain Systems in Mobile Machines 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2402 2022

Results in this title

R. Morrison, J. Legner Future Electrified Drivetrain for Off-Highway in the 60-80kW Power Range S. 163-170

„… . Many series components were not modified while being integrated into the axle disconnect assembly. The …” „… increase in the voltage of the power supply becomes necessary. All high voltage components need to be …” „… transmission. Distance from the ground increases the protection of sensitive components from damage through …”

L. Serrao Driving the electric transformation – The evolution of off-highway powertrain S. 135-150

„… , thus justifying dedicated components. Therefore, solutions based on single-speed e-axles or indi-vidual …” „… have different interfaces. Thus, the individual driveline components (axle and transmission) must …” „… definition, com-ponent development (axles, transmissions). At all levels, simulation is used extensively to …”

F. Wohlfahrt, T. Göres, S. Terörde, L. Frerichs Decarbonization Strategies for Heavy Duty Harvesting Machinery S. 47-64

„… : Layer 1 groups technologies causing application efforts on existing powertrain components without major …” „… reliability of central components of the injec-tion-, lubrication- and exhaust aftertreatment system as well …” „… a range of ICE-based powertrain solutions that require significantly modified engine components as …”

T. Bögel, T. Herlitzius Wann kommen elektrifizierte und sensorgesteuerte Antriebssystemmodule in der Landtechnik? S. 211-222

„… this area is the generation of traction for high-traction devices using electric axles. Source: John …” „… transmission in combination with a discharge tank including an electrically driven axle from Joskin. The …” „… required tractive power of the full discharge tank is reduced by the tank's own electric drive axle, thus …”

A. Kampker, H. H. Heimes, M. Kehrer, S. Dünnwald, S. Hagedorn, S. Biegler Integration and modularization approaches for fuel cell solutions in commercial vehicles S. 171-184

„… für Production Engineering of E-Mobility Components (PEM) der RWTH Aachen Zusammenfassung Die …” „… allows similar installation space concepts to be used for the peripheral components. Furthermore, the …” „… . Furthermore, the centre of gravity of the vehicle is lo-cated centrally between the axles and there is also a …”

A. Wach Fuel cell systems: Energy supply for the el. Powertrain Fuel Cell applications and technical features S. 105-112

„… series production with BoP components and FC-systems in 2022/2023. Fuel Cell Market expectations Due to …” „… This Fig. 2: Fuel Cell system and BoP components The PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) FC-system topology …” „… possible installation of a PEM FC-system in a truck could be in the front area above the axle, with an H2 …”

S. Eichler, C. Guernsey The Wheel Loader of Tomorrow: Proof-of-Concept Vehicle & Learnings from Full-Electric Drivetrain Conversion S. 185-198

„… of skills and knowledge is now needed at the OEMs to understand electric components and how to …” „… the operator’s tasks must be paired with the right components and system control. Because of Danfoss …” „… layout of components, working with suppliers, installing hardware, overcoming challenges with the battery …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024027

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PIAE EUROPE

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

2020

Results in this title

325 Group Renault Plastic Material Vision for New Mobility Trends S. 311-332

„… additional costs for the reference components. The reference for the new GFRP-X spring axle is the …” „… components. This requires analyses as to which functions of the previous MQB multi-link axle, such as …” „… steel multi-link axle and to take over all functions one-to-one using as few new components as possible …”

S. Schmitz, D. Fischer Radiation cross-linking of plastics as a finishing process in series production S. 197-206

„… plastics and in certain applications can replace them. Plastic components thus achieve significantly …” „… , components with a wall thickness of up to several centimeters can be penetrated by radiation, even when …” „… many functional components can be replaced by radiation-crosslinked, injection-molded plastic …”

S. Fiebig, T. Kersten, B. Mennenga, K. Dröder, J.-J. Härtel GFK-X-Feder – Entwicklung, Erprobung und Fertigungstechniken S. 333-348

„… for lightweight chassis components focusing on rear axle development, in: Pfeffer P. (eds) 10th …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023693

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Dritev – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2020

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2373 2020

Results in this title

T. Casper, G. Spengler, M. Bromberger The high-efficiency fully electric drivetrain of the new Porsche Taycan S. I-289-I-304

„… ). VDI-Berichte Nr. 2373, 2020296 Fig. 8: Components of the front axle transmission The sun of the first …” „… and rear axle transmissions. The two-speed rear axle transmission is a particular highlight. It is the …” „… and rear axle. In combination with Porsche's highly developed suspension systems, this results in …”

P. Lück, K. Bennewitz, J. Tousen, J. Peter The front-axle drive of the MEB – Volkswagen expands the e-drive portfolio S. I-7-I-26

„… The front-axle drive of the MEB – Volkswagen expands the e-drive portfolio Dipl.-Ing. Peter …” „… addition to the main drive with a 150 kW electric machine on the rear axle [2], [3], the front axle is …” „… axles. The HV battery is scalable, adaptable for various cell types, and features integrated liquid …”

L. Wittmann, M. Wein, M. Wolf Consistently quattro S. I-159-I-172

„… propeller shaft and most of the gearing components in the rear axle drive are shut down by opening a …” „… efficiency by decoupling and stopping the rear axle differential as required. Nowadays, the challenge of …” „… decoupled electric front and rear axles, as well as rear wheels that also have separate electric motors …”

A. Manelli, F. Filippo Irato, C. Cavallino, R. Gay e-FDU: Concept, develop & industrialization of a novel P4 powertrain – From concept to industrialization of a novel P4 powertrain in 24 month S. I-45-I-78

„… novel p4 pure electric powertrain, in the form of a dual electric motor front axle. Each unit drives …” „… , in both front and reverse manoeuvres. The e-axle can be considered as two independent symmetric …” „… which undertake the function of disconnect system. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2373, 2020 45 2 Keywords E - Axle …”

S. Demmerer Next generation electric drives S. II-63-II-74

„… ) configuration with 2 electric drives, one at the front axle and one at the rear axle, does not need all the …” „… during high-speed driving modes. This leads to the idea to disconnect one axle drive, as it is common in …” „… Electric Axle Drive Shapes First generation electric axle drives are in the market now. They typically …”

P. Ramet Dedicated hybrid transmissions (DHT) by PUNCH Powerglide – Innovative concepts for optimized DHT in terms of efficiency, cost and packaging S. I-253-I-270

„… emission targets. Apart from the significant reduction in the number of components, a considerable benefit …” „… hybrid configuration as shown in Fig. 2, or with an electrified axle as shown in Fig. 3. VDI-Berichte …” „… with an electrified axle PUNCH POWERGLIDE CONCEPTS: DHT WITH DOG CLUTCHES PUNCH Powerglide’s …”

M. Deiml High speed electric drive system – A solution for the next generation E-cars S. II-49-II-62

„… increase speed of the e-motor and so reduce weight and material effort and cost. The new e-axle works …” „… capacitor size. The power density reaches 3,5 kW/kg on e-axle-system. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2373, 2020 49 …” „… a two ton rear wheel driven car with well dimensioned 5000 Nm axle torque. A trend for …”

F. Völkel, M. Tietz, A. Schamin, S. Giehl Rolling into the future – Bearing solutions for electric mobility S. I-103-I-118

„… problem-free operation in the vehicle in terms of EMC. Combining components such as sensors, current shunt …” „… density to be increased while reducing costs at the same time. Using an electric axle with spur gear …” „… electric axle in lay-shaft design with the bearing positions for the rotor shaft and for the transmission …”

K. Sakai, T. Kishimoto, T. Kobayashi, T. Maekawa, T. Shinohara, M. Ogawa Development of the new chain CVT for middle capacity S. I-79-I-88

„… or its axle layout was kept to prevent from having any effect on vehicle compartment, however …” „… , approximately 80% components are newly designed. Its main configuration is shown in Fig.1, and its main cross …” „… pulley axle distance to enlarge ratio coverage by 16% compared to the previous CVT. The ratio coverage …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-I-I-X

„… Optimized mechanical components for hybrids and electric drives Concepts for conventional and electrified …” „… � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �1 G. Gardner, Ford Motor Company, Livonia Michigan, USA The front-axle drive of the MEB – Volkswagen …” „… � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �89 K. Sabzewari, M. Vieracker, J. Sagstetter, Vitesco Technologies, Regensburg Content f Components …”

C. Danzer, T. Voigt, A. Forell, M. Sens, E. Schreiterer, R. Kockisch, J. Müller, E. Schneider The systematic way to your sustainable powertrain platform – holistic and customizable – Systematical methods to investigate mobility scenarios of tomorrow S. I-385-I-402

„… . This is accompanied by the challenge of defining cost-efficient platforms with modular components so …” „… Concept Development Optimizing these powertrain components, topologies and functions requires a …” „… systematically collates the large number of all possible powertrain components to obtain powertrain variants that …”

K. Sabzewari, M. Vieracker, J. Sagstetter Cost efficient PHEV powertrain solution based on dedicated hybrid transmission – Cost efficiency for small and mid-size plug in hybrid vehicle S. I-89-I-102

„… powertrains, considering existing powertrain components and packaging space. Thus, the maximum synergies …” „… solutions often entail additional costs, arising from extra electrical components without any …” „… simplification of components and systems such as ICE or transmission. Most of the currently available solutions …”

P. Ramminger, R. Jäger Evolution of the drivetrain and high voltage system in the new Corsa-e S. I-173-I-194

„… Powertrain components are compared to the Ampera-e as reference. Key functions related to electrical driving …” „… only briefly covered. It features an electrically (or hybrid) driven front axle and an electrically …” „… propelled rear axle as AWD option. The AWD version, equipped with a 13,2 kWh Battery, has less energy …”

P. Tenberge, A. Alnahlaui E-drive and hybrid-drive with 2 high-speed E-motors and a 2-speed gearbox S. I-233-I-252

„… cars should be designed around the electric motors (EM) and other electrical components with a minimum …” „… plus e-gearboxes can be installed on both axles. The maximum speeds of internal combustion engines …” „… 16 the reason to show the similarity of these freewheels with already existing components also in …”

A. Esser, T. Eichenlaub, S. Rinderknecht Real-driving-based comparison of the eco-impact of powertrain concepts using a data-driven optimization environment S. I-309-I-342

„… parametrizations of the powertrain concepts regarding their components such as the electric machine and the …” „… energy demands in the production and End-of-Life phases for most powertrain components, only the …” „… production of the battery, as a main contributing component, based on [5], is considered. The energy demand …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023730

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Nutzfahrzeuge 2017 – Commercial Vehicles 2017

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2298 2017

Results in this title

G. Chen, C. Keller-Ebert, Z. Liu Requirements of Chinese domestic market for introduction of disc brakes for medium and heavy tractor truck axles – Sino German collaboration to enhance the product introduction process into Chinese ... S. 179-196

„… domestic market for a demanding component Gongbo Chen, ZHUCHENG YIHE AXLES Co. Ltd., Zhucheng City …” „… tractor truck axles Sino German collaboration to enhance the product introduction process into Chinese …” „… knowledge already has led to develop specific components which will be introduced after approval by severe …”

J. Witzig, A. Grossl, M. Wenger E-Mobility for City Bus and Coach Applications – An integrated System Approach from ZF S. 5-12

„… electrical portal axle, available both as component (only axle) or system including power electronics and …” „… driving for medium and heavy bus and truck applications, the electrical portal axle AVE130 and the …” „… hubs of the driving axle. Furthermore, due to this, the overall weight of the drivetrain is …”

M. Dietrich, M. Kohler, F.-D. Speck Electrification in Commercial Vehicles – Megatrends and Solutions – Electric Drives for Light and Medium Commercial Vehicles and TraXon Hybrid for Heavy Duty S. 13-24

„… . VDI-Berichte Nr. 2298, 201716 Fig. 3: Electric Axle Drive, main Components [1] In addition to the 150 …” „… applications allows you to make much better use of the costly battery component. This means that an electric …” „… technology is used as the motor technology. The drive is designed as an axle drive, i.e. it includes the …”

B. Grzegorzewski The next generation of natural gas trucks – Development of a 4x2 tractor with a natural gas engine S. 223-234

„… successful Diesel versions of long haulage trucks. Also IVECO followed this strategy and uses components of …” „… the Stralis Diesel. Axles, transmissions, propeller shafts and even the gearbox are carry-over parts …” „… dimensions. Nevertheless several components have been designed specifically. Such as: piston, piston rings …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-IX

„… -concentration Trailer + Axles M. Eckert, Development of an Electric Powertrain System for Truck 155 M. Thiem …” „… 179 C. Keller-Ebert, of disc brakes for medium and heavy tractor truck axles – Z. Liu Sino German …” „… component Seite/Page Drive Systems & Concepts F. Sauter, Development of an 8-speed Automatic Transmission …”

G. Nitzsche, S. Wagner, M. Engel Electric Drivelines in Semi-Trailers – TRANSFORMERS: An additional Way to Hybridisation S. 167-178

„… HoD-Framework A detailed view of the components within the trailer is provided in Fig. 5. The mechanical …” „… driven axle. The combination of ESU, Inverter and EMG is currently limited VDI-Berichte Nr. 2298 …” „… axle when no torque is requested to reduce drag torque and 2. It is used to bring the trailer in a …”

S. Schönherr, S. Kopp, M. Hellmold The NEOPLAN Tourliner – leading the way in CO2 reduction through aerodynamically optimised design – Optimised consumption with consideration to various vehicle requirements S. 115-124

„… : From the end of 2017, the coach will be available in four different lengths with two or three axles …” „… in a smooth and appealing manner. Equally important are all of the components installed on the roof …” „… bumper spoiler edge, and the surfaces, light edges, component separation points, joints between cladding …”

S. Gohl, F. Tenbrock, L. van Rooij, D. Williams, G. Gumpoltsberger ZF Innovation Truck 2016 – Advanced Driver Assistance Systems are increasing safety and usability S. 41-52

„… jam, stays in the lane and maneuvers on the work yard. This article describes the components used …” „… innovative front axle kinematics as well as various advanced driver assistance systems. Apart from …” „… . Architecture of the ZF Innovation Truck 2016 The Innovation Truck 2016 is a 2-axle semi-tractor with a …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181022986

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Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2354 2019

Results in this title

P. Lück, K. Bennewitz, J. Tousen Volkswagen’s electric drivetrains of the new modular e-drive kit (MEB) S. I-515-I-530

„… in the platform, so that driving of one or both axles can be realized by the scalable components of …” „… installed: a permanentmagnet synchronous machine (PSM) with an output of 150 kW at the rear axle, and …” „… optional in addition an asynchronous machine (ASM) with 75 kW at the front axle. VDI-Berichte Nr …”

C. Schmahl, M. Höck, D. Ressin, M. Kesseler GKN’s ActiveConnect AWD system as an energy-efficient solution for electrified vehicles S. I-555-I-566

„… number of components involved in energy transfer. The mechanical distribution of torque to both axles …” „… well as for battery electric vehicles, AWD is generally realized by electrification of both axles …” „… mechanically connects the front and rear axles. The ActiveConnect technology enables the drag torque of the …”

B. Müller, C. Angrick, M. Fritz New concepts for electrical drive trains for high power density S. II-55-II-66

„… platform approach comprising all system components of the electrified automotive powertrain ranging from …” „… combustion engine in a Škoda Octavia was replaced with two electric axle drives, each with 105 kW of nominal …” „… ratio of the motor and axle speed was fixed initially, a third generation rear axle drive with …”

S. Stöhr, R. Koesling, V. Marx New all-wheel drive systems in Mercedes-Benz SUVs S. I-483-I-500

„… torque distribution between the front and rear axles according to the selected drive program. The …” „… G-Class started out with a manually selectable front axle and an integrated off-road differential gear …” „… effect, the selective pre-supply of torque to the front axle differential resulted in a significantly …”

A. Kinigadner, T. Biermann Schaeffler eAxle family – future solutions for the electric drivetrain S. I-567-II-VIII

„… Schaeffler eAxle family – future solutions for the electric drivetrain Dipl.-Wirtsch.-Ing …” „… integration for mechatronic systems will also increase. The development of electric axle systems goes beyond …” „… outlay on the other, Schaeffler has developed a modular technology approach for electric axle systems …”

M. Özbek, J. Trommer, K. Akiyama, Y. Yamada Nidec next generation electric traction motor S. II-77-II-84

„… compact design. The motor is included in Nidec’s own e-Axle that is introduced to the market in May 2019 …” „… technique. Finally, Nidec’s new e-Axle which comprises the presented electric motor, an inverter and …” „… in Nidec’s e-Axle, which is presented in Chapter3, a permanent magnet type of rotor is chosen. The …”

Y. Le Neindre Great Wall Motors’ 2nd generation of Pi4 platform – A high performance PHEV for premium SUV in China S. II-99-II-110

„… be introducing in July 2019 its second generation of Pi4 Platform, a Dual Axle PHEV architecture …” „… based on a P0-P4 topology. Improvements made on components (engine, transmission, battery & braking …” „… China in March 2018 of its first generation of dual axle PHEV architecture, the Pi4 platform, applied …”

C. Dassler, M. Kurch, M. Nichols NVH-challenges and solution approaches in electric drive development from the supplier‘s view S. I-349-I-366

„… “Eco-friendly drives”, which covers the development of corresponding products such as electric axles and hybrid …” „… up the required competence and expertise to conduct acoustic analyses for electric axles and hybrid …” „… challenges for an electric axle drive with its subsystems transmission, electric motor and power electronics …”

A. Harsch, G. Clausen, A. Rink Modular system 8G-DCT with all-wheel drive S. I-79-I-94

„… Mercedes-Benz compact cars, the axle ratio in the wheel set can be adapted to the vehicle. The high …” „… a transfer case and, in conjunction with the rear axle drive, enables the familiar 4MATIC drive to …” „… of the different car lines, there are used two different axle ratio variants within the 8G-DCT. For …”

M. Jörgensson, C. Wolrath, J. Hallnéus Volvo Cars modular electric axle drive S. I-531-I-540

„… differential. For the in house developed e-axle the Volvo team decided for a design of all components and the …” „… Volvo Cars modular Electric Axle Drive M.Sc. Mathias Jörgensson, B.Sc. Christian Wolrath, B.Sc …” „… Volvo Cars fully in-house designed, verified and manufactured e-axle transmission. Manufactured in …”

R. Nasdal, K. Masser Diverse requirements, one product family – The HV Kit for LCV from MAGNA S. III-55-III-60

„… delivered in axle frame structures as complete “active axle”. For the combination of uncompromised long …” „… rear axle eDrive unit to be combined with the untouched ICE powertrain in the front of the vehicle …” „… only few components are contributing to losses in transmission system. These are mainly gears …”

R. Gat, M. Ehlen Virtual lubrication analysis – Simulation of oil flow in gearboxes using a novel lagrangian approach S. I-133-I-136

„… components are of growing interest. A wide domain of application nowadays gives a huge potential in …” „… critical components (bearings, sealing’s, gears engagements) in passive lubrication systems. Cost …” „… components in all operating points and conditions is a challenging task in modern gearbox development …”

C. Schoerghuber, I. Müller, H. Wiener Dedicated hybrid transmission for commercial vehicle applications – Mechanical layout, system analysis and simulation of a dedicated hybrid transmission for commercial vehicles S. III-29-III-48

„… components ICE, EM1 and EM2 as well as the gear ratios of the transmission and rear axle is done via …” „… axle. The DHT consists of the input shafts for the e-motors and the engine, gear boxes for speed …” „… able gear box at EM2. Thereby the costs of electric components including e-motors and inverters as …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-I-I-XII

„… , Weissach f Increasing Power Density Potential of lightweight construction and component properties of …” „… dimensioning of vehicle components based on a holistic optimization with real life load data –paradigm shift …” „… Produktentwicklung, Karlsruhe f Electrical Drive Concepts of the Future I Efficiency of electric axle drive systems …”

P. Janssen, R. Keizer, T. Rosen Optimization of multi-motor electric drive systems – What is the optimum combination in terms of efficiency and cost? S. I-255-I-264

„… split of installed power of about 30% on the front axle and 70% on the rear can be recommended. By …” „… using a smart combination of e-motor types, for example an ASM on the rear axle and a EESM or PMSM on …” „… the front axle, energy efficiency can be increased significantly (up to 4%) compared to a 2WD version …”

S. Kluemper Benefits of the new Allison 9-speed fully automatic – Medium duty commercial transmission S. III-61-III-74

„… architecture discussion of the new 9-speed shows how components are added to achieve the design requirements …” „… axles with the largest delta increase for any one axle being approximately 10% better fuel economy …” „… improvement. All 9-Speed data points with the same axle selection performed better than the 6-Speed with the …”

A. Gehring, M. Beringer, M. Özdemir Overview of stator technologies motors for electro mobility in passcars – The right technology for each application S. II-67-II-76

„… stator represents from the cost point of view one of the A- components of an electric traction drive …” „… dominantly. Whereas in the area of axle drive systems both for hybrid applications and pure electric …” „… demands in parallel hybrid powertrains on the one hand and the special packaging space in axle drive …”

K. von Rueden, C. Danzer, J. Liebold, T. Mueller, T. Hirschbeck 1, 2 or 3 – how much it would be? Evaluating the need of multispeed electric drives coming from different perspectives S. I-227-I-254

„… are used to save package space especial on rear axles of convertible electric vehicles ([Pi18 …” „… improve the transversal dynamic of the vehicle, both electric machines can be applied to one axle with a …” „… on one axle drive ([Kreis18]). Consideration of the vehicle performance This physical law also …”

M. Bahne, A. Wiesebrock Flexible oil management for dual-clutch transmissions S. I-447-I-454

„… component-specific data. Today´s prediction model accuracy is quite precise, because there is comprehensive …” „… the real condition of components or lubricants; the prediction is made solely by matching knowledge …” „… in contrast relies on measured changes or degradation of a component using dedicated sensors …”

A. Alkan Human/machine readable language representation method in HEV drivetrain testing S. II-125-II-140

„… been integrated in a compact and cost-effective axle drive system. It is scalable and can be used in a …” „… hardware components and control algorithm software are introduced to the simulated environment including …” „… test benches, complete inverter component is tested; only e-motor is simulated. System Dyno Test …”

P. Fietkau, N. Lamparsky, M. Felbermaier, A. Fröhlcke, T. Conze Holistic design approach for electric drives S. I-163-I-178

„… design of an electric drive as an example. The components and simulation disciplines are no longer …” „… the necessary design parameters for a new drive system. In the Motor DPS, the active components of the …” „… involved, which are in complex mutual relationships. Each component and each discipline comes with its own …”

S. Demmerer Efficiency of electric axle drive systems – Potential of multi-speed-drives S. I-279-I-286

„… Efficiency of Electric Axle Drive Systems Potential of Multi-Speed-Drives Dr. rer. nat …” „… ). Efficiency is even more important, considering that the energy storage is the costliest component of the …”

H. Schäfer System impacts to the electrical drive by using SIC-power semiconductors S. II-15-II-28

„… of approx. 10 kHz. The electrical machine for an axle drive can be a PSM, FSM or IM, tailored to the …” „… switching losses the high board thermal capacity of the SIC-components is also a further advantages …”

C. Möser, T. Märkle, K. Hornung Effective acoustic development of electrified powertrains – Combination of simulation and evaluation methods S. I-329-I-348

„… model series, it includes experts in the development of body, chassis and powertrain component …” „… changes to individual components in the overall system is becoming ever more important, and accordingly …” „… controlled by Python scripts. A highlight feature of pre-processing is automatic recognition of components …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023549

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Land.Technik AgEng 2017

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2300 2017

Results in this title

F. Balbach, E. Nacke, S. Böttinger Method for load-based evaluation of machines using the example of a tractor S. 521-528

„… tractor applies different loads on different components of the drivetrain. The variation of these loads …” „… sub-assemblies and sub-components. Further condensing of these separate load factors into one allencompassing …” „… values generates a component’s Wöhler curve (S-N curve) as shown in Figure 1. It is defined by the …”

S. Krieger, E. Schnur, M. M. Brenninger The Potential of CVTs in Tracked Tractors around 400 hp S. 135-142

„… people do in the aftermarket. Usually, not even the axles are changed. The track-system can be mounted …” „… integration, the standard tractor axles are redesigned to VDI-Berichte Nr. 2300, 2017136 adapt them to the …” „… needs of the tracks. The drive for adjusting the output speed of the axle to the need of the belt might …”

C. Birkmann, T. Fedde, L. Frerichs Influence of the Drive Train and Chassis on Power Shift Operations in Standard Tractors S. 439-446

„… four wheel drive (2WD, 4WD) is created. The drive train model includes transmission and axle ratio …” „… , inertia and stiffness plus tire slippage, inertia and stiffness. The chassis model includes the component …” „… masses, a suspended front axle, a suspended cabin plus seat as well as dynamic axle load distribution …”

F. Haussmann, R. Obermeier- The CLAAS AXION 900 TERRA TRAC Product Range – Benefits of the CLAAS Axion 900 halftrack tractor concept Hartmann equipped with CLAAS Big Driver Terra Trac S. 127-134

„… Trac Gen III, the Axion 900 becomes an all axle suspended tractor, offering the highest level of …” „… halftrack tractor with delta tracks mounted on the rear axle in place of the wheels. This concept can be …” „… rear axle and better traction performances while giving the opportunity to drive legally on the road …”

M. Sieting, J. Krüger, H. J. Meyer Evaluation of a Suspension Concept of a Hydropneumatic Full Suspended Tractor with Focus on the Dymnamics in Combination with Implements S. 281-290

„… suspension of the axles of a tractor regarding the ride comfort and the driving safety can be shown on the …” „… which the rear three-point linkage is connected to the hydropneumatic sprung rear axle of the vehicle …” „… achieved, but the advantage of a sprung rear wheel axle is somewhat diminished because of the transferred …”

J. Mengele Field test validation as part of the development of a narrow track tractor S. 417-422

„… cabin. This specialty tractor has wider axles and higher lifting capacity at the three point linkage …” „… to mount implements in the middle of the tractor. This inter axle mounted implements like cultivator …” „… of them significantly. The inter axle mounted implements are also ideally suited for operations with …”

W. Stark, C. Pieke Efficiency Optimization by Using “Vehicle in the Loop” Test Methodology S. 399-406

„… tests on a new 4WD powertrain test bed with active electric dynamometers mounted on all axles and PTO …” „… integration of the real vehicle components late in the development process. This typical trend always stands …” „… new 4WD powertrain test bed with active electric dynamometers mounted on the axles and PTO plus a …”

A. Bürger, S. Böttinger Driving comfort analysis of an agricultural tractor with the Hohenheim Tyre Model on complex tracks S. 263-272

„… this vehicle consists of various rigid bodies (chassis, front axle, driver’s cabin, driving seat and …” „… well as force elements like the front axle or driver’s cabin suspension. Eventually, the driver’s …” „… rear axle, a steering angle sensor and an angular sensor on the front axle suspension rocker. For …”

R. Schmetz Calculation of the losses in series-hybrid powertrains S. 513-520

„… further steps the analysis of the single components of the ESHP as well as the approximate calculations …” „… for larger agricultural tractors, if advantageous also in combination with drive axles. On base of …” „… axle, which is not shown. In case of rectilinear driving, the differential gear can be assumed to be at …”

F. Hantschack, R. Rahmfeld, J. Bagusch, A. Meyer, E. Dohm Development of a high performance continuously variable drive for mobile agricultural and construction machinery S. 315-322

„… design, the manufacturing and the test bench validation while Danfoss supplied the hydraulic components …” „… axis motor family controls and loop-flushing components reduced the required development effort and …” „… and rear axles with VDI-Berichte Nr. 2300, 2017318 only one output shaft and, on the other hand, the …”

A. Meiners, S. Häberle, S. Böttinger Advancement of the Hohenheim Tractor Model – Adaption on current demands S. 245-254

„… per hour and enable to consider technical influencing factors on a component-based level. In …” „… machines to be simulated requires a component-specific, differently intensive modelling. According to the …” „… additional models for implements requires the presented methodology to determine a component-specific degree …”

P. Vervaet, M. Gandillet ‘2 in 1 tire’ technology to allow maximal efficiency of the transmission chain in both road and field usage S. 447-452

„… , slippage and sinkage of the tire in the soil, more than 30% of the power available at the axle is not …” „… is a key component in the transmission chain between the engine and the soil. The main parameters to …”

D. Engelmann, M. R. Unger, M. Geimer Testing and Benchmarking a Powertrain with Independent Wheel Control for Heavy Machinery S. 303-314

„… which then causes a dynamic shift in axle load influencing the driveline situation driveline (Fig.2 …” „… allows to test the components and subsystems in a holistic way. In the present LT3 project, MOBiL helps …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023006

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Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2018

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2328 2018

Results in this title

F. Mühlfeld, M. Hochrein, N. Schmidt-Winkel, J. Buhl Electrified automated manual transmission (eAMT) – Synergies by combining an electric drive with an automated transmission S. I-197-I-210

„… powertrain components, the power of the electric axle drive had to be limited to 90 kW and an axle torque of …” „… hybridization of the powertrain are measures to achieve this goal. But development and component costs lead to …” „… vehicle with automated manual transmission has been extended by an electric axle drive. VDI-Berichte …”

J.-M. Veith, B. Krüger, A. Albers, M. Behrendt Torque prediction in vehicle drive trains based on bus signals using artificial neural networks S. I-413-I-424

„… AG use a multi-plate clutch to connect the non-permanently driven front axle. To ensure maximum …” „… clutch. In this case the rear axle is permanently connected to the torque source. As the hang-on …” „… front and rear axle is realized. All possible system states can be explained using three characteristic …”

D. Güth, J. Haupt, T. Gassmann Seamless-shift two-speed eAxle with torque vectoring S. I-255-I-268

„… Seamless-Shift Two-Speed eAxle with Torque Vectoring Lastschaltfähige Zweigang-eAchse mit …” „… wirkungsgradoptimierten Bereich wesentlich einfacher zu realisieren. Abstract Most of the electrical axles for BEV …” „… compromise between an adequate launch torque and the maximum vehicle speed the eAxle can support. Most …”

R. Heckmann Fully automated EOL E-drive testing – Automation and modularity for efficient testing solutions S. II-73-II-84

„… a means of measuring noise, its main components today for E-Drives are much more complex, such as …” „… manufacturers worldwide. The platform uses tried-and-tested standard components and features a modular test …” „… electrical drive axles are highly specialized and require a flexible test bench concept. On the one hand …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-I-I-X

„… E-axles VDI-BERICHTE Herausgeber: VDI Wissensforum GmbH © VDI Verlag GmbH · Düsseldorf 2018 Alle …” „… � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 79 Y. Endo, JATCO Ltd, Atsugi, Japan f Tools/Component optimization Churning oil path optimization …” „… enhanced drivetrain components on the energy consumption of electric and conventional vehicles …”

A. Dietrich, H. Klampfl “Friction Stir Welding” – Lightweight through manufacturing technology – The path from a concept to revolutionary gearbox manufacturing S. I-385-I-396

„… anticipate a noticeable increase of fuel consumption by the required additional mechanical components. An …” „… reduction in axle drive is the implementation of Friction Stir Welding technology. This special …” „… in the design and calculation of boltless axle drives. This new approach in design and …”

A. Schmidt, H.-P. Fleischmann Enhancement of a dual clutch transmission kit – AUDI S tronic – Version for All-Wheel Drive, Increase of Torque and HV Electrification S. I-33-I-48

„… with a quattro ultra all-wheel drive. 1. Dual Clutch Transmission Kit Modular component or system …” „… all future derivatives in the design. This affects not only additional functions and components, but …” „… the hybrid variant. In addition, care was taken to allow easy integration of additional components and …”

M. Hofstetter, D. Lechleitner, M. Hirz, M. Gintzel, A. Schmidhofer Multi-objective gearbox design optimization for xEV-axle drives under consideration of package restrictions S. I-239-I-254

„… Multi-Objective Gearbox Design Optimization for xEV-Axle Drives under Consideration of Package …” „… and costs are typically set on system level. This imposes that deduction of component requirements is …” „… not unique and component properties interfere with each other. As a component of the powertrain …”

C. Danzer, T. Voigt, T. Günther, R. Tröger From fleet requirements to optimized Dedicated Hybrid Powertrains S. I-269-I-284

„… and in the number of possible combinations with the other components - transmission, electric motor …” „… fleets, selecting and optimizing the individual powertrain components is a complex and risky task. IAV …” „… targets, demands and boundary conditions is so high that optimizing the powertrain’s components with …”

K. Bennewitz, A. Mann Powertrain electrification exemplified by the VW Golf S. II-135-II-168

„… concept with the aforementioned key features as well as optimizations in respect of component costs or …” „… software has to coordinate complex interactions of conventional systems and new electrical components. It …” „… ). The basic development idea follows the same logic applied to the drive components. Volkswagen …”

G. Hellenbroich, I. Steinberg, J. Ogrzewalla Powershift capable 2-Speed Electric Drive Unit for Light – Commercial Vehicles with Short Time to Market S. I-229-I-238

„… components and sub-systems, including electric machine, inverter, dual clutch unit, and actuation system [1 …” „… calculation of axle torques and driving resistance for a pure electric light commercial vehicle. In …” „… axle torque, taking a light 3.5-ton commercial vehicle as an example VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 2018232 …”

T. Gemassmer Approaches to increase efficiency and dynamics of ipmsm traction drives by optimization of control strategies S. II-85-II-102

„… system for an electric vehicle axle. Comparative measurements of different current controller designs as …” „… flux linkage components, expressed by the inductances and and the permanent magnet flux Ψ : Ψ (6 …” „… ) (7) Inserting (6) and (7) into the equations for the stator voltage components (4) and (5) yields …”

M. Werra, A. Ringleb, C. Sieg, F. Küçükay Thermal behavior of 48 V hybrid systems S. I-529-II-VI

„… powertrain topologies. So far, in this simulation model thermal behavior of electric components is not taken …” „… into account. This paper describes the thermal behavior of electric components in 48 V hybrid …” „… ]. Another essential point to be taken into account is the thermal behavior of the electric components …”

R. Bredtmann, M. Beck, O. Mühlfeld, K. Olesen, O. Shajarati Robust multi-chip power module for effective integration to automotive powertrains – Danfoss DCM™1000 meets future automotive requirements S. II-1-II-18

„… ) Electric axles with integrated chassis components, differential gear, electric motor and traction inverter b …” „… tier-1 suppliers are required to take the challenge. Also, specialized component manufacturers within …” „… approach to engineering and a holistic understanding of its application. These requirements are motivated by a merger of drivetrain components …”

G. Bednarek, K. Geratz, H. Chariou The all-new 8-speed AT for the Opel Grandland X S. I-1-I-10

„… components and during final vehicle assembly. The installation of axle shafts, oil cooler lines and ATF top …”

J.-E. Moseberg, J. Kohlhoff, S. Hekeler Electric all-wheel drive: enhancing vehicle dynamics and driving safety by wheel-individual torque distribution – How to make use of the over-actuation of electrified vehicles S. II-103-II-116

„… chassis. Its main component is a calibrateable characteristic map depending on the accelerator pedal and …” „… Yaw moment of inertia +++ 0 ++ 0 Steering ratio +++ +++ 0 0 Wheel base ++ ++ 0 0 Axle load …”

A. Viehmann, R. König, S. Rinderknecht Investigation of gear shifts in a parallel-series hybrid powertrain with dog clutches in a demonstrator vehicle (two-drive-transmission with range-extender, DE-REX) S. I-323-I-346

„… actuation system is an electro-mechanical shift drum system which was a carry-over component from series …” „… system including the additionally needed components and auxiliaries was developed considering the …” „… electric motors, all HV components (HV battery, Power Distribution Unit (PDU) and On-Board Charger (OBC …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023280

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