VDI Verlag eLibrary

SIMVEC

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2445 2024

Results in this title

A. C. Miranda, J. Dahlhaus, V. Faessler Development of AI based surrogate models for the optimization of battery operation strategies S. 235-242

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024454

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ELIV-MarketPlace 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2405 2022

Results in this title

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIV

„… | 148 mm x 210 mm f Battery and Charging TechnologiesFuture of Electrified Powertrain in the era of …” „… � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �85 A. Berger, Hillcrest Energy Technologies, Vancouver, BC, CanadaTailored battery systems for entry …” „… level up to high performance applications Challenges in battery development …”

A. Berger An Advanced High-Efficiency Inverter with High Switching Frequencies to Improve Powertrain Efficiency and Performance S. 85-98

„… 2035. Although recent advancements in battery technology have accelerated the penetration of EVs, many …” „… and fulfill its business strategies, including expansion plans; (ix) general economic conditions; (x …” „… the assets and operations of the Company included in this Presentation has been prepared in accordance …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024058

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Commercial Vehicles 2021

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2380 2021

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J. Pell, I. Müller, W. Gruber, A. Schilk E/E architecture and operating strategy for fuel-cell trucks – Challenges and solutions for energy- and cost-efficient operation S. 117-134

„… investigate the impact of different operation strategies of the energy management on hydrogen efficiency …” „… fuel cell and battery the operations strategy and especially the power split has a huge impact [3 …” „… optimal operation strategies for each mission target. Development of non-predictive and predictive …”

H. Ulmer, M. Rothschuh, F. Brinkmann, R. Wascheck, T. Delebinski eDrive & Fuel Cell powertrain systems engineering for commercial vehicles S. 55-72

„… the stack design as well as the operation parameters. Furthermore, hybrid strategies defining the …” „… , operation strategies, etc. Also the FC system integration is located in this work package. The main …” „… ZEVs in the fleet is essential for achieving the 2030 limits, nominal Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023808

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Electrics / Electronics for Mobile Machines

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2442 2024

Results in this title

K. Krüger, M. Wittler, D. Becker, F. Wiesemann, D. Fischer How to survive in a pure electric world: Are battery-electric mobile machines becoming competitive and profitable? S. 99-108

„… . Battery-electric operation is supported by overnight charging contingent on access to local electric energy from a …” „… strategies is necessary to identify and mitigate associated risks. Battery-electric machines present a viable …” „… product strategies accordingly to accommodate new developments in battery technology, vehicle concepts …”

S. Roure Charging Technology for Off-Highway Applications Specific challenges in a harsh environment S. 87-98

„… battery in the system. Fig 8: System Overview of PowerSupply in Parallel Operation [8 …” „… for OBCs, operational strategies, application scenarios, technical challenges, and the integration of …” „… off-highway operations. Fig 3: Diverse market environment with many different requirements [3] VDI-Berichte …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024423

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Dritev – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2020

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2373 2020

Results in this title

A. Riegauf Transferability of economic electrification concepts in heavy goods traffic to mobile machinery S. I-435-II-VIII

„… Battery Components Battery Engineering Battery Production Electric Drive Production PEM of RWTH Aachen …” „… battery • Pantographsystem High costs for the components of the electric drive train prevents an unified …” „… trains To ta l w ei gh t Range Battery electric drive Fuel cell drive Pantograph based drive Battery …”

P. Ramminger, R. Jäger Evolution of the drivetrain and high voltage system in the new Corsa-e S. I-173-I-194

„… , the operation consumption from the Battery results in ~60 g CO2 per km attributed to electricity …” „… (2016) [5.] Matthé, R.: EV battery technology and charging strategies, 16th International CTI …” „… des Fahrzeugherstellers gegenüber Zulieferteilen wurden als Strategien eingesetzt, um die …”

P. Lück, K. Bennewitz, J. Tousen, J. Peter The front-axle drive of the MEB – Volkswagen expands the e-drive portfolio S. I-7-I-26

„… models have in common that the high-voltage battery is located at the centre of the vehicle between the …” „… axles. The HV battery is scalable, adaptable for various cell types, and features integrated liquid …” „… levels. Accordingly, ranges of approx. 330 km to over 500 km are possible depending on the battery size …”

M. Deiml High speed electric drive system – A solution for the next generation E-cars S. II-49-II-62

„… Schaltfrequenz und eine Interleaving Strategie, was eine kleine Zwischenkreiskapazität ermöglicht. Die …” „… electric cars in Europe and Worldwide. Nevertheless, the current generation of battery electric vehicles …” „… select the most efficient operation points of the e-drive, but it also increases complexity, weight and …”

A. Manelli, F. Filippo Irato, C. Cavallino, R. Gay e-FDU: Concept, develop & industrialization of a novel P4 powertrain – From concept to industrialization of a novel P4 powertrain in 24 month S. I-45-I-78

„… hybrid driving mode, special control strategies have been implemented. Fig. 1: e-FDU Overview EMA …” „… from the battery SOC, a maximum torque of 85Nm and reaches a maximum speed of 25000RPM, all referenced …” „… operation of the vehicle. Since the EMA can be considered as stand-alone component, integrable inside an …”

S. Worrall, J. Foulsham, I. Stone, T. Gassmann CeDrive – Electric drive technology for a new era – Advanced cooling and control of high-speed eDrive S. II-33-II-48

„… lowest battery voltage. This can only be achieved with enhanced cooling techniques for stator and rotor …” „… Control Strategies in order to identify potential strategies that are more efficient. The strategies that …” „… losses and increase massively at higher frequency. To be able to provide high speed operation and meet …”

H. Gürbüz, S. Ott, A. Sutschet, J. Kern Highly efficient clutch system for multispeed BEV S. I-119-I-132

„… speeds, surface pressures and various lubrication strategies suitable for high speeds are also presented …” „… battery capacity, but this leads to high costs. Furthermore, large and expensive e-machines are used to …” „… clear from the operation of a clutch system that a short (approx. 1 sec.) axial force must be applied …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023730

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37. Internationales Wiener Motorensymposium 28. – 29. April 2016

Hans Peter Lenz (ed.)

Series: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Volume 799 2016

Results in this title

M. Nakagawa, K. Yano, I. Yamauchi, M. Stapelbroek, T. Hülshorst, A. Nase Neue Freiheitsgrade der Hybrid-Antriebsstrangdimensionierung durch prädiktives Energiemanagement /New Degrees of Freedom for Dimensioning of Hybrid Powertrains by Using Predictive Energy Management S. I-248-I-264

„… and operation strategies [4]. Additionally the level of detail of the components allows the …” „… development of sophisticated hybrid operation strategies for all kind of electrified powertrain topologies. 37 …” „… -2-I) communication. All of this enables the development of predictive operation strategies which …”

M. R. Olechiw, E. Nam, R. Moran, K. Bolon USEPA Programm zur Senkung der CO2-Emissionen von PKW und leichten Nutzfahrzeugen sowie Vorstellung des Evaluierungsprogramms der langfristigen CO2-Standards /USEPA Light-Duty Greenhouse Gas Emission ... S. I-180-I-188

„… standards. In addition, the manufacturers were also concerned with economic considerations that could impact their respective compliance strategies …” „… . Battery developments for hybridization, electrified vehicles 3. Technology costs 4. Vehicle light‐weighting and impacts on safety 5 …” „… engines. Through the benchmarking of currently available engine technologies, the agency is not only able to learn about the detailed operation …”

H. Müller, P. Gutruf, M. Martin Brennstoffzellen Range-Extender als weiterer Lösungsansatz für große Reichweiten im emissionsfreien Fahrbetrieb /Another Future Solution for Long Driving Range at Zero Emission – Fuel Cell Range Exten... S. I-277-II-X

„… ” with partly “Zero Emission” operation mode and already a good potential for CO2 reduction. Magna …” „… Comfort • AWD: Permanent All Wheel Drive Functionality • EV: Pure BEV operation without fuel cell …” „… activation • H2: Activation of fuel cell sustain battery SOC or charge battery 37. Internationales …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186799128

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Dritev 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2420 2023

Results in this title

T. Hofman, J. Van Kampen, O. Borsboom Electric Mobility Design – From Powertrain Components to Vehicle Fleet Optimization S. 391-410

„… ., "Joint Optimization of Number of Vehicles, Battery Capacity and Operations of an Electric Autonomous …” „… . Colored levels indicate varying battery’s state of charge (SoC) while a vehicle is moving over a grid of …” „… its (shared) usage (incl. charging) put requirements on the powertrain designs (by the battery …”

S. Yan, P. Piecha, N. Hetzel Virtual Generation of Load Profiles and Spectra for Designing Electrified Vehicles – The influence of software and driving scenarios on powertrain design S. 377-390

„… rpm Efficiency motor / generator operation 85 / 75 % Battery capacity 80 kWh The power output of the …” „… in generator operation. This is due to a limited charging power of the battery. In this specific …” „… motors as well as the size and design of the traction battery set the framework for the mechanical and …”

A. Kappes, S. Frei, P. Noone, Stephan Rinderknecht Development and Design of a Range Extended four-speed Two-Drive-Powertrain S. 253-280

„… climbed even with an empty battery in series opera-tion with one EM. Considering the geometry of the …” „… electric operation and long-range capabilities with minimized CO2 emissions over the life cycle of a …” „… with a battery electric vehicle (BEV) can be covered very efficiently with a small and light battery …”

J. Jennings, D. Finn, T. Hunter Novel Multi-Functional Clutch Technology for EV Drivetrain Disconnects – Next Generation Disconnect with One-Way-Clutch for Automatic, and Non-Blocked Shifting S. 325-338

„… controlled bi-directional one-way-clutch operation. This technology, when applied to EV drivetrains, can …” „… associated with EV propulsion controls strategies. Fig. 1: First Production Dynamic Disconnect Clutch for …” „… accomplished with ICE AWD architectures. Fig. 4: Transition to Battery Electric Vehicle Driveline …”

D. Schweigert, B. Morhard, F. Oberneder, L. Pointner-Gabriel, M. Otto, K. Stahl Speed4E: Simulative and Experimental Results on the Vibration Behavior of a High-Speed Planetary Gearbox S. 441-458

„… powertrain with its main components. The high voltage battery, which is not shown, supplies the power …” „… in efficient control strategies. The power electronics are contained in a common housing and …” „… designed as an overdrive with a gear ratio of 20.4, which enables the operation of the powertrain in an …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024201

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LAND.TECHNIK 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2395 2022

Results in this title

F. Pult, A. Stein, M. Geimer Challenges in the Use of Alternative Fuels: Solutions to handle Boil-Off Gas in Agricultural Machines S. 431-440

„… the operation of LNGfueled vehicles to allow BOG to flow from the tank into the fuel line [6 …” „… electrical energy can either be stored in a battery or used to run the cooling system. In addition, the …” „… every day operation of the machine, the main engine operates with BOG supplied via the economizer. No …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023952

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Commercial Vehicles 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2417 2023

Results in this title

C. Peteranderl, M. Zähringer, G. Balke, J. Schneider Megawatt charging as an enabler for battery-electric long-haul trucks – is that enough? S. 55-66

„… Potential of Optimal Charging Stop Strategies for Battery Electric Trucks,” Energies, Bd. 15, Rn. 19, S …” „… Megawatt charging as an enabler for battery-electric long-haul trucks – is that enough? Dr …” „… . Battery-electric vehicles have a very high savings potential due to their high well-to-wheel efficiency [2]. MAN …”

F. Schweizer, T. Pflanz, M. Wagenblast, W. Tegethoff, J. Köhler, F. Breuer, L. Frerichs Fuel cell electric drive concept for heavy-duty commercial vehicles S. 123-140

„… load point [9]. To detect the potential, we investigated predictive operation strategies in the …” „… battery-electric vehicle, is extended to include several PEM VDI-Berichte Nr. 2417, 2023 123(polymer electrolyte …” „… ]. Alongside the battery-electric truck, which represents the focus of MAN’s product roadmap [8], the …”

M. Sommer, E. Sax, T. Rösch Fleet data used for self-learning functions in commercial vehicles S. 81-92

„… environmental regulations, local emission-free driving, and advances in battery technology. Electric vehicles …” „… self-learning functions and optimize various aspects of city bus operations such as route planning, vehicle …” „… maintenance, passenger experience, as well as the operation of the bus components itself. By leveraging the …”

S. Tjaden, H. Flämig Designing a future-oriented logistics system with driverless driving S. 191-204

„… ]. Findings indicate that automated heavy battery electric vehicles can lead to a 20 % reduction in TCO. The …” „… operations or connectivity of vehicles. In order to avoid undesirable effects that can occur due to an …” „… costs for charging infrastructureTraining of staff for the operation of interface technologiesTakeover …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024171

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40. Internationales Wiener Motorensymposium 15.-17. Mai 2019

Bernhard Geringer (ed.), Hans-Peter Lenz (ed.)

Series: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Volume 811 2019

Results in this title

W. H. Pettit, D. A. Masten, C. E. Freese, M. Bork, M. M. Mann Antriebssysteme fur Brennstoffzellen und Batterien - eine Abwägung/Fuel Cell and Battery Propulsion System - the Balance S. I-326-II-X

„… cell chemistry, cell and pack design, and optimized thermal management strategies. Battery cost …” „… MS, Ms. Margarita M. Mann MS General Motors Company (GM), Pontiac, Michigan Fuel Cell and Battery …” „… is being developed, starting with the Chevrolet Bolt EV. Battery electric vehicles provide unmatched …”

M. Alt, N. Fuhrmann, O. Bopple, L. Cloos, P. Souhaite Elektrifizierte Verbrennungsmotoren fur Volumenhersteller/The Road to Mainstream Availability of Electrified Combustion Engines S. I-131-I-149

„… segments and regions. Even though a steep increase in market share of battery electric vehicles (BEV) is …” „… operation regions, like cylinder deactivation and variable valve lift, show reduced efficiency improvement …” „… emission reduction is a high share of battery electric vehicles which have to be affordable for the …”

R. Osborne, A. Lane, N. Turner, L. McWilliam, N. Hinton, M. McAllister, J. Geddes, J. Gidney, J. Cleeton, P. Atkins, R. Morgan Ein Mager-Benzinmotor der neuen Generation für reduzierte CCfe-Emissionen in einer elektrifizierten Welt /A New-Generation Lean Gasoline Engine for Reduced CO2 in an Electrified World S. I-85-I-107

„… operation, emissions and particle formation over the entire engine map 0 to 3D modelling software …” „… societal challenges of air quality, decarbonisation and cost-effective mobility. Lean-burn operation has …” „… direct-injection (DI) gasoline engines to enter mass production utilised lean-stratified operation [2-5], and …”

M. Tobin, M. Robinson, S. Hawkins, S. Tarnowsky Praxiserfahrungen im Fahreinsatz und Ladeverhalten von GM-Elektrofahrzeugen/Real World Customer Driving and Charging Behavior with GM Electric Vehicles S. I-265-I-278

„… driving and battery utilization using standard metrics. Kurzfassung General Motors Elektrofahrzeuge …” „… partially or completely by an onboard battery have caused disruptive changes in the consumer mobility …” „… industry. As manufacturers adjust their strategies to align with the emergence of electric vehicles (EVs …”

T. Tabata, H. Shibata, H. Katsurahara, Y. Konishi Weiterentwicklung eines flexiblen Motorsteuerungssystems für Benzinmotoren unter Berücksichtigung zukunftiger Elektrifizierung /Evolution of Versatile Gasoline ICE Core System, Considering Future Elec... S. II-266-II-286

„… generation, EV driving range, that relies on the development of battery technologies, and charging …” „… particulate matters at low temperature and high load, development to achieve UV& operation in the whole area …” „… of operation is needed. It requires the fuel injection system to use the fuel pressure energy not …”

H. Won, A. Bouet, V. Manente, J. Kermani, F. Duffour Potenzial der GCI Technologie - Ein Benzin-Kraftstoff mit hoherer Selbstzündung zur Reduzierung des C02-Fusabdrucks /eines Euro 6d-konformen Personenkraftwagens (PKW) Potential of GCI Technology - Hig... S. II-176-II-191

„… foreseeable future because of the limitations on battery size and cost. The benefits of hybridization are …” „… battery electric vehicles (BEVs) and hydrogen fuel cells vehicles (FCVs) are perceived as environmental …” „… (i.e., electricity and battery production). Overall, BEVs have the lowest CO2 footprint but not …”

T. Tingelof, J. Dombrovskis, K. Samuelsson, L. Jorissen Weltweit fuhrende Brennstoffzellen-Stapeltechnologie mit europaischer Lieferantenbasis /World Leading Fuel Cell Stack Hardware with a European Supplier Base S. II-449-II-478

„… front integration strategies has been established. Based on this specification a fuel cell stack with a …” „… voltage operation. Therefore, it is critical to select and debug the appropriate manufacturing processes …” „… production, high performance, high robustness in design, production and operation, BPP compactness and …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186811127

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ELIV 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2357 2019

Results in this title

P. Griefnow, J. Andert, M. Engels, J. Richenhagen, D. Jolovic Holistic Energy Management of 48V Mild Hybrid Vehicles S. 127-138

„… operating strategies to their limits, predictive approaches currently concentrate only on individual …” „… , since it enables the best possible operation of cost- and resource-saving dimensioned 48V systems …” „… electrical energy and power in the 48V power net and thus enables the best possible operation of cost- and …”

L. Schindele, D. Schütz, F. Heber, P. Sailer, G. Le Hen, N. Müller Future e-mobility and the change in system requirements – The interplay between battery and thermal management for different mobility concepts S. 87-100

„… on traction battery performance for different thermal topologies, thermal operating strategies and …” „… ), integrated into the battery cooling circuit. Three thermal operating strategies are described and compared …” „… Table 4: thermal operating strategies Operating strategy Definition w/o-heating The traction battery …”

P. Gesner, F. Kirschbaum, F. Landenberger, J. Scheiffele, L. Morawietz, B. Bäker Modeling and identification of electrochemical energy storage for drive train development – Review and evaluation S. 101-114

„… impedance (cf. Eq.1), considering the actual battery operation in the vehicle is essential. This reduces …” „… and identification algorithms for the electric battery behavior based on measurement data are …” „… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2357, 2019 101 battery [1]. This puts the electric storage with its other properties …”

F. Graf, S. Baensch, T. Knorr, D. Ellmer, C. Marechal 48 Volt High Power: Electric Drive for Excellent CO2 Emissions & Electric Driving Features S. 153-168

„… test cycle but also in real-life operation. Results from Continental's 48V ECO-Drive System have …” „… , 2019 153 CO2 performance is also the result of intelligent operating strategies. In the future, they …” „… performance for current architectures, with dedicated DC/DC, 48V battery and belt starter generator as main …”

A. Magnuson Going from an Electronic Unit Centric Development to Application Software Centric Requires a Different Architecture Mindset in Automotive S. 239-254

„… electrification of “powertrain devices“ but we must also monitor and control the operation these together with …” „… . As commercial vehicles are used in B2B operations, the interest in automation is perhaps of higher …” „… incentive than for cars as it contributes to operational margins. Roughly 1/3 of operation cost is related …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023570

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Commercial Vehicles 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2350 2019

Results in this title

M. Greule, Y. Stoermer Application of a universal simulation environment for deriving specification premises of commercial vehicles with alternative and conventional drive trains S. 187-198

„… cycle there is normally no operation strategy given. That is why the concept simulation tool has …” „… several rule based and automated operating strategies integrated. These operating strategies are …” „… region). For electric vehicles the battery state of charge (SOC) limits and power limitations at high …”

A. Danninger, E. Armengaud, N. Knopper Implementation of Powertrain control for economic, low real driving emissions and fuel consumption – Measures for Fuel consumption reduction in Long Haul traffic S. 293-312

„… can use the predictions to compute optimal operation strategies for themselves. An “efficiency factor …” „… . Collection and evaluation of all optimal and alternative operation strategies that the components and the …” „… strategy improvements in the main technical clusters follow two improvement strategies. The first …”

G. Nitzsche, J. Engasser, P. Mentink AEROFLEX – Advanced Energy Management in Distributed Powertrains S. 281-292

„… . This allows for more sophisticated energy management strategies, which enable higher fuel savings …” „… share between the units as possible. Each trailer unit is responsible for a safe operation of its …” „… there is enough energy available in the battery. For the powertrain management system this results in …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023501

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Technische Zuverlässigkeit 2021

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2377 2021

Results in this title

S. Kupjetz, T. Pfeiffer, J. Holz Entwicklungsbegleitende domänenübergreifende Zuverlässigkeitsanalyse von Einzelkomponenten bis hin zum Gesamtsystem am Beispiel einer Lithium-Ionen-Batteriezelle S. 185-196

„… ] the most important degradation mechanisms in lithium-ion battery cells that occur during operation …” „… battery pack level, including fail safe mechanisms and risk mitigation strategies. Using selected …” „… the battery module. With the help of Bayesian Networks, the logical linking of the failure modes with …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023778

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ELIV 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2423 2023

Results in this title

L. Li, M. Schlecker, T. Zipper AI-Based Energy Management of Next Generation Architectures S. 391-404

„… invented and built into the vehicle, a simple energy management is created to stabilize the battery voltage …” „… of freedom of energy management. BAT: battery; EM: e-motor. In modern battery electric vehicles (BEV …” „… hasn't stopped. The lower energy density of the battery is one of the bottlenecks of BEV. The amount of …”

J. Hansson, L. Henderson, M. Sadeghi Kati, D. Möller, S. Ray, S. Schoutissen Safe and efficient regenerative braking strategies for BEV heavy vehicle combinations S. 91-102

„… Safe and efficient regenerative braking strategies for BEV heavy vehicle combinations Johan …” „… , including Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), provides the ability to recuperate energy by braking with the …” „… encouraged to use regenerative braking in all driving conditions. Existing strategies to cope with …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024232

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41. Internationales Wiener Motorensymposium 22.-24. April 2020

Bernhard Geringer (ed.), Hans-Peter Lenz (ed.)

Series: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Volume 813 2020

Results in this title

M. Alt, F. Gouzonnat, P. Ramminger, R. Matthe, L. K. Cloos Die Multi-Energy Platform des Opel Corsa: rein elektrisch, Benzinoder Dieselantrieb /The Multi Energy Platform of the Opel Corsa: Pure Electric, Gasoline or Diesel Propulsion S. I-203-I-224

„… , electrical all-wheel-drive systems and of course pure Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs). Usage and cost will …” „… increase in market share of battery electric vehicles is expected, there will be an internal combustion …” „… Corsa-e provides a perfect balance of battery size even for longer distance usage. Opel will be in the …”

N. Andrisani, F. Contarin, A. Lorenzon, M. Nencioni, M. Scassa, F. Mallamo, T. Korfer, H. Busch Innovative Ventiltriebe als Beitrag zur Erfullung zukunftiger Emissionsanforderungen im Stadtbetrieb /Novel Valvetrain Design as Enabler for Compliance with Upcoming Stringent Emission Demands in Urba... S. I-285-I-310

„… time with aggressive heating strategies, especially at light-load operation, or charging of batteries …” „… urban operation Innovative Ventiltriebe als Beitrag zur Erfüllung zukünftiger Emissionsanforderungen …” „… typical LCV with a 2.3l-Diesel engine, the operation strategy of cylinder deactivation in combination …”

Z. J. Sroka, Z. Sadlak Einhaltung der CO2-Emissionsnormen als Herausforderung für eine thermische Aktivierung der Verbrennungskammern in Verbrennungsmotoren /CO2 Emission Standards as a Challenge for the Thermal Activation ... S. II-512-II-543

„… der Strategie für Anwendung der aktiven Wärmekammern, das angewandte Berechnungsmodell und die …” „… ) operation, described in detail in [3, 4], assumes that the following thermodynamic cycles of engine …” „… operation are energetically increased by moving heat portions from previous cycles by subsequent transfer …”

E. Kimura, K. Aikawa, D. Yasuda, H. Saeki, T. Brachmann, S. Barth Herausforderung einer nachhaltigen Dekarbonisierung des Mobilitatssektors und der Gesellschaft: Honda's Multi-Pathway Konzept mit elektrifizierten Antriebstechnologien Challenge for Sustainable Carbon... S. I-151-I-170

„… Lösungsweg und beschreibt Hondas‘ Strategie als einen Beitrag mit dem Ziel nachhaltiger Mobilität und einer …” „… system is easily applicable to both of HEV and PHEV by just changing battery unit. Honda is going to …” „… . (Fig. 17) Due to its series hybrid operation capability at “Hybrid drive mode”, the engine operating …”

K. Hwang, C. Yu, B. Min, Y. Kim, D. Lee, K. Ha, D. Chae, J. Yi Der neue Smartstream 1.0L DI-Turbo Ottomotor von Hyundai-Kia/The New Hyundai-Kia's Smartstream 1.0L Turbo GDi Engine S. I-121-I-150

„… stoichimetric lambda operation in the high speed driving thanks to the lowered exhaust gas temperature. The …” „… operation range limitation, LIVC concept was selected between LIVC and EIVC by verifying combustion …” „… 0.3 sec in normal engine operations. The CVVD apparatus has improved steadily for cost reduction and …”

R. Schlögl Kohlenstoff als zukünftiger Energieträger/Carbon as a Future Energy Carrier S. II-90-II-113

„… inadequate to recommend all e-mobility in the form of battery cars (BEV) as the ultimate solution in the …” „… nor in operation. Slow CO2 reduction will result in the overall carbon balance that integrates over …” „… operation. Pure hydrogen as a fuel in cryogenic form is also a standard technology in rocket propulsion …”

S. Pischinger, F. Aubeck, P. Heuser, D. van der Put, B. Lindemann, M. Müther, M. Schönen, M. Ehrly, J. Schaub, M. Walters, L. Virnich, G. Sammito, L. Bi, T. Lüdiger Effiziente Nutzfahrzeugantriebe - Der Weg zu 30% GHG Reduktion in 2030 /Efficient Commercial Powertrains - How to Achieve a 30% GHG Reduction in 2030 S. II-291-II-321

„… vorangetrieben werden. Dies ist eine weitere Motivation für die Fahrzeughersteller die Strategie zu definieren …” „… Routing-Strategie des Menschen wird die Theorie der optimalen Steuerung in Form der rekursiven diskreten …” „… der von der Hybrid-Steuereinheit durchgeführten Strategie vernachlässigbar ist. Die Verluste werden …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186813121

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