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Dritev 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2401 2022

Results in this title

A. J. Wimmer High-Speed Testing: The Fast Lane towards a Running System S. 365-380

„… high-speed gearbox (or direct drive) the required torques and power demands are increasing steadily; the …” „… electric engine which is combined with a high-speed gearbox. The graphs of direct drive are depicted in …” „… the upper three quarters of speed. An com-parable direct drive (as in Fig. 8) delivers its full power …”

F. Duchi, M. Ivarson, A. Schmitt, F. Haag Innovative E-Drive testing and software optimization – Key to maximize range, comfort and robustness of modern electric powertrains S. 37-60

„… system-oriented testing that are difficult to be performed, too time consuming or even not possible on the E-Drive …” „… Innovative E-Drive testing and software optimization – Key to maximize range, comfort and …” „… . How the application of the inverter is performed has a big impact on the system and the quality of it …”

F. Pfister, N. Hetzel, K. Büttner Objectified Evaluation of Fundamental Driveability Maneuvers at Powertrain-in-the-Loop Testbeds for Electric Drive Units S. 61-72

„… evo-lution over time of the forces and torques externally applied to the system by the electric drive unit …” „… high-performance low-inertia dynamometer systems do not have a neutral direct-feed-through transfer behavior. The …” „… for Electric Drive Units New approaches to an established topic Felix Pfister, Nico Hetzel, IPG …”

F. Lagier, N. Freund, K. Bause, S. Ott, A. Albers Simulation-based evaluation of high-speed PEEK gears in automotive powertrains and design of a validation environment for high-speed gears S. 223-240

„… components in the drive system. Research shows the potential of future-proof powertrain to-pologies with …” „… and efficiency of electric powertrains for individual mobility require a whole-system approach to the …” „… gearboxes in the electric drive train and future research needs are opened up. 1. Introduction and Research …”

T. Gemassmer, P. Lindau, M. Zimmermann Modular Torque Management Architecture S. 13-26

„… eDrive-Komponenten und Systemen. Dies reicht von Stan-dard-Differentialen, über passive und aktive Sperrdifferentiale …” „… Lage, AWD- und eDrive- Systeme gemäß spezifischen Kundenwünschen schnell und zuverlässig zu entwickeln …” „… portfolio has now been significantly extended with the introduction of electric drive systems. The number of …”

S. kyoung Lee, B. jae Lee, H. joon Kim Extreme cornering performance of Integrated Drive Axle on vehicle S. 291-302

„… Extreme cornering performance of Integrated Drive Axle on vehicle Soo kyoung Lee, M. Eng. Bum jae …” „… Integrated Drive Axle into a vehicle, even though the camber stiffness is in-creased, the unsprung mass can …” „… be reduced. This study examines how the Integrated Drive Axle improves cornering performance in …”

C. Ugare, A. Sibirko Plastics in high reliability Power Inverter Applications S. 209-222

„… advantages, (started with) saving CO2, increasing the availa-bility and simplifying the overall system enable …” „… . 2401, 2022 209direct current capacitor (DC-Link) or EMC Filters. To increase the power density in CV …” „… , as this influences the complete system using the design measures discussed in this pa-per …”

K. Lee, M. Song, S. Lim Multi-body Dynamics of a Vehicle Axle System Based on a Time-varying Gear Mesh Model for Investigating Hypoid Gear Noise and Vibration S. 185-196

„… a driven rear axle gear system are suggested, focusing VDI-Berichte Nr. 2401, 2022186 on a …” „… excitations coincide with the system’s natural frequencies. Compared to measurements, the predicted values are …” „… Multi-body Dynamics of a Vehicle Axle System Based on a Time-varying Gear Mesh Model for …”

S. Bümmerstede Flowforming – High-strength complex components including toothing formed from a single sheet of metal S. 197-208

„… , the pre material is pushed with little play onto a flow-forming mandrel driven by the main spindle. By …” „… direct pressure exerted by the rollers. The defined axial movement of the flow-forming rollers causes the …” „… tube clutch carrier with inner splines Flow Forming principle Picture 7 Due to the direct …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024010

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Testen und Validieren elektrischer Antriebsstränge

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2412 2023

Results in this title

A. J. Wimmer, T. Pletzer Testen bei hohen Drehzahlen und höchsten Leistungen: Herausforderungen und Lösungen – Innovative Prüfstandsaufbauten und Nachrüstlösungen für bestehende Systeme S. 1-18

„… expanding and, hence, restricting the high-speed gearbox (or direct drive) the required torques and power …” „… graphs of direct drive are depicted in black, the graphs in high-speed gear shift are gray. VDI-Berichte …” „… . A comparable direct drive (as in Fig. 8) delivers its full power only over half the speed. That …”

F. Duchi, M. Ivarson, B. Wultsch Novel Methodology of E-Drive testing, calibration and optimization S. 45-72

„… the E-Drive system on a vehicle fleet level. Thus, affecting production cost or rejects. Abstract …” „… software via the application system. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2412, 2023 49 Fig. 2: E-Drive testbed layout 2.3 …” „… measured currents in the direct/quadrature reference system  R is the stator winding resistance, known …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024126

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LAND.TECHNIK 2020

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2374 2020

Results in this title

M. Pußack, I. Stasewitsch, L. Frerichs Investigations of a cutter bar operated in resonance mode with an electric direct drive S. 151-156

„… bar. Thus, the considered system differs fundamentally from conventional rotary driven systems, in …” „… Investigations of a cutter bar operated in resonance mode with an electric direct drive M.Sc …” „… the cutter bar with an electric direct drive has become a viable approach to this function. Another …”

R. Schmetz Energy analyses of different advanced drive systems for agricultural machinery S. 315-322

„… cases is made up of the direct energy requirement for the drive systems and an indirect energy …” „… advanced drives systems References: multiple Legend: 1: for a single unit; 2: for CF-system see the …” „… CF-system. In detail, diesel fuel is required as a secondary energy source for the drive system of a …”

S. Mercati, A. Bertoli, C. Ognibene Next generation hybrid-electric power steering systems for agriculture machines S. 451-XIV

„… steering systems on an agricultural tractor. For the first time, the driver has the possibility to get an …” „… advanced steering system under development by Ognibene, named Intelligent Flow Digital Power Steering …” „… the DPSiQ functionalities and shows a comparison between the system and the current state of the art …”

S. Tanner Experience gained in developing Autonomous Robots using AI and spot spraying to weed open field crops S. 213-222

„… machines equiped with a real-time plant classification system, and a centimeter-precision spot spraying …” „… in terms of image dynamic range due to high illumination differences between direct sunlight and …” „… . Natural illumination poses also the challenge of colorimetry stability between direct sunlight and …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIV

„… resonance mode with an electric direct drive � � � � � 151 M. Pußack, I. Stasewitsch, L. Frerichs …” „… drive systems for agricultural machinery � � � � � � � � � 315 R. Schmetz, Rhine-Waal University …” „… powertrain – Ground drive transmission for a commercial vehicle …”

C. Högemeier, C. Bußmann, R. Middelberg, P.-E. Dziadek Integration of a crop moisture sensor in a combine harvester in order to improve the automatic machine adjustment S. 187-194

„… settings according to the actual crop conditions. The system relieves the driver from looking after …” „… the driver can estimate the crop moisture and the straw condition in every single situation. The …” „… solution presented here shows how an industrially used planar sensor system is adapted for crop moisture …”

S. Jordan, D. O’Rourke, L. Avery, J. Almond 3D Colour vision for machine automation and safety – AI Sensor Fusion S. 345-352

„… instance autonomous driving of orchard tractors, automated picking and driver assistance for large machines …” „… as direct sunlight can blind them. For safety critical applications this would not be acceptable – a …” „… fact that most automotive OEM’s sell their product worldwide means that research into advanced driver …”

D. Cook, J. Viramontes ROS2 for Autonomous Agriculture Applications S. 103-130

„… monitoring, watchdog, and alarm management Simulation systems – System-level simulation for verification …” „… Direct applicability – Expansion to “teams of robots” AFW Mission management, communication system …” „… transition from research systems to production system, ROS has evolved to make this leap from a research …”

A. Roth, C. Puls Development of a 3-speed gearbox in electric powertrain – Ground drive transmission for a commercial vehicle S. 23-30

„… powered commercial vehicle with a maximum permissible weight of 44 t. With this drive system the vehicle …” „… to put the drive system into operation within 8 months. Specification The vehicle is based on an …” „… Overall system The overall system consists of the electric drive including battery and power electronics …”

B. Feld Mikkelsen, R. Besana Test as a way to implement robots in agriculture S. 131-134

„… would have been possible to use the iGPS system, to increase the accuracy to a sub-millimeter level …” „… friendliness. This test has a direct outcome for the robot’s producer, as they can receive feedbacks on the …” „… system interface as well as the level of complexity to prepare the robot to perform a specific task …”

H. Wanta, M. Holovac, S. Lorenz, J. Krzywinski Evaluation of Human-Machine Interactions with Autonomous Agricultural Systems through Cyber-physical Prototypes S. 245-266

„… and smaller autonomous machines as a cyber-physical system for soil cultivation, that still has to be …” „… managing a whole swarm and its peripheral production system. Therefore, the operator has to make decisions …” „… unmanned self-acting system without any human relation. This challenges the way of how these machines will …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023747

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Commercial Vehicles 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2350 2019

Results in this title

A. Ebmer Innovative platform concept for commercial vehicle cabins – Optimized approaches in respect of modularity, assembly, light- weight and aerodynamics, flexible applicable for commercial vehicles of tomo... S. 33-44

„… extra front window in the lower co-driver area for direct visibility improvement), a function integrated …” „… : For the visibility improvement the co-driver area should be changed in order to have a better direct …” „… direct visibility, safety, various propulsion systems as well as customer needs further increase the …”

M. Hoepfl, J. Lützner Knowing the Truck Driver S. 219-230

„… DMS systems based on camera technology, as they provide direct and clear information about the driver …” „… manual and automated driving modes. Driver monitoring will become a mandatory system to ensure full …” „… via direct measurement. Both technologies are trimmed to identify the most severe driver drowsiness …”

K. Kunz Increasing transport efficiency through digitalisation of trailers S. 313-328

„… systems and thus enormously improves the efficiency of the logistics system. The transformation of the …” „… system to connect, integrate, monetize and share data, devices, systems and processes in the digital …” „… recorded data from the EBS (Electronic Braking System), Smart Scan and Smart Track & Trace systems in …”

M. Aimo Boot, A. Bernardini The key role of the Tertiary Safety in the vehicle concept design to preserve the occupants and road users life S. 199-206

„… acts to alert the driver in critical situations and, ultimately, by supporting the driver to improve …” „… substantial approach with tertiary safety (post-crash) came with the e-Call system. It automatically alerts …” „… ) and the alternative propulsions system (i.e. electric, hybrid, fuel cell) represent a potential …”

M. Fritz Modular Platform Approach for Electric Drive System in Commercial Vehicles S. 103-114

„… Modular Platform Approach for Electric Drive System in Commercial Vehicles Dr. Martin Fritz …” „… by realizing a high degree of re-use. Electric Drive System Platform Starting from applications …” „… core elements of an electric drive system. His basic function is the conversion of electric energy into …”

B. Barrois, H. Koch, T. Erhart Next Generation Active Safety Systems for City Buses – The Foundation for Automated Driving S. 207-218

„… to improve the direct vision of bus and truck drivers and to remove blind spots, and systems at the …” „… assistance system – the Sideguard Assist. It warns the driver if an object is in the endangered area next to …” „… system starts partial braking. The partial braking gives haptic feedback to the driver which should …”

A. Danninger, E. Armengaud, N. Knopper Implementation of Powertrain control for economic, low real driving emissions and fuel consumption – Measures for Fuel consumption reduction in Long Haul traffic S. 293-312

„… improvement approach targets existing control strategies. This will mostly rely on migration from direct …” „… the system (e.g. combustion), which is running in real time on the computing platform and can provide …” „… more accurate information of the current state of the system. Furthermore, a mathematical (sub) system …”

G. Milton, H.-M. Koegeler, R. Varnhagen Validating the fuel consumption of trucks featuring a dynamic electronic horizon in real world traffic: methods and results S. 149-174

„… Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) [1] [2], now generically known as ‘Electronic Horizon’ or …” „… system. Current production commercial vehicles use electronic horizon systems to provide static …” „… electronic horizon system that provides preview data about the road ahead of the vehicle. Current state of …”

W. Schmitt, P. Huse, R. Koehnsen A new chassis-concept for electrified, light commercial vehicles based on innovative forming technologies S. 61-72

„… alternative drive systems. The development has been driven by a consequent lightweight design approach …” „… using conventional vehicle-platforms equipped with alternative drive systems. It offers new …” „… . It also offers a chassis-integrated protection for the energy storage (e. g. the battery system …”

S. Schönherr The new MAN Lion’s City – path-breaking vehicle design concept for more attractive public transport for tomorrow S. 19-32

„… complex demands of drivers, passengers and various user groups, operators and bus service experts: the …” „… appealing and extremely functional design constitutes a strong basis for the modular construction system …” „… drive concept. As there are diesel, gas, hybrid and electric drivelines, the bus can be powered just as …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023501

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LAND.TECHNIK 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2395 2022

Results in this title

S. Prufling, B. Langer Latest technology solutions for Charging and e-Machines – how off-road and agriculture applications can benefit from automotive innovations S. 365-380

„… system design. Section 2 - Charging as the key driver of success for off-road electrification Charging …” „… WiFi standard, camera system or display for the driver. As transmitting route a resonant transformer …” „… Definitions/Abbreviations DSOC Direct Stator Oil Cooling CCS Combined Charging System AC Alternating Current DC …”

M. Grella, P. Marucco, F. Gioelli, P. Balsari, L. Athanasakos, N. Mylonas, S. Fountas, I. Zwertvaegher, D. Nuyttens, A. Caffini, F. Meroni, R. Rossi Airblast sprayer electrification for real-time, continuous fan-airflow adjustment according to canopy density during pesticide application in 3D crops S. 389-396

„… same Direct Current (DC) bus trough the KEB T6 double inverter system. When the generator speed …” „… ® Flex 7140 Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) system (TeeJet, Spraying Systems Co., Wheaton, Illinois, USA …” „… generator shaft. The DC bus voltage represents the system’s energy level. When the motor starts to absorb …”

I. Beermann, A. Kipp Synchronising machine adjustments of combine harvesters for higher fleet performance S. 65-70

„… settings of the best-adjusted machine, based on expertise of a qualified driver. For this, we monitor a …” „… performance level variety in fleets of combine harvesters between good and average drivers. This depends on …” „… . The idea is the synchronisation of settings between the machines. The best driver “shares” their …”

J. Doerr, R. Kalmar, B. Rauch, S. Stiene Data Spaces in Agriculture – Status Quo and Perspectives S. 511-520

„… , their typical characteristics, and actual industry-driven initiatives and research projects. Finally …” „… processes that work across system boundaries. Data spaces are not only able to support the interconnection …” „… ecosystems as there is no single system that combines all the data. Data is often stored in a proprietary …”

A. Leenknegt, T. Mahieu, G. Nerinckx, B. Lenaerts, B. Missotten Automatic residue spreading control based on radar sensing technology on a combine harvester S. 87-96

„… spreading automation: system overview Direct versus indirect measurements Measuring and controlling the …” „… next paragraph we go in more depth on how a direct sensing system was designed. Sensing …” „… combine harvesters measure indirectly disturbances acting on the spreading system, but do not guarantee a …”

L. Frerichs, L. Buck Structuring of electrified agricultural machine systems – Diversity of solutions and analysis methods S. 1-10

„… : Structuring factors to support the development of agricultural system and machine concepts. Example: Direct …” „… , gives a brief overview of alternatives and presents how alternative machine systems can be systemically …” „… system acting as an overhead line. For tillage in this case the electrical energy requirement in field …”

M. Rothmund, J. Witte, N. Wolniak, T. Nothdurft AEF Wireless In-Field Communication – Common Coverage Map as a first application for interoperable cooperative field work S. 397-404

„… communication system to match the maximum transfer unit. For all involved systems, the same field boundary and …” „… Abstract AEF Project Team Wireless In-field Communication (WIC) is working on interoperable direct …” „… farmers worldwide to operate their mixed fleets of machines in an efficient way. Motivation for direct …”

S. Lorenz Machine operation task analysis – A deeper look into the shift of task profiles within operating agricultural cyber-physical production systems S. 473-484

„… situation that will exceed the systems capabilities is ahead System operate within programmed operations …” „… Present threat to system performance: 0-5% A situation that exceeds systems capabilities is present …” „… violated rules and the involved machine functions and systems, either already compiled by the system or …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023952

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ELIV 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2423 2023

Results in this title

F. Kraemer Development and Testing Autonomous Vehicles (AV) at Scale S. 149-158

„… ]. Why choose the IBM Storage Scale System? Businesses are being challenged to optimise IT and drive …” „… or even entire systems in the field of driver assistance and automated driving, it is essential to …” „… systems. This eliminates the system CPUs and the required buffer copies of data via the system memory …”

M. Pfeifle, N. Zeller, A. vom Felde Combining ADAS and SD Maps for Augmented Reality Guidance S. 135-148

„… front facing camera. The driver is guided along the route path of a navigation system while taking the …” „… monitoring system (DMS) might also be used to take the driver’s gaze into consideration. 3. Perception …” „… in scope of today’s systems. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2423, 2023 139Vision system that analyze single frames …”

K. Eliasch, Dr. P. Friedel, D. Li, D. Shan Cooperative Perception Services to Improve the Safety of Road Users S. 347-364

„… obtained with the tool CINEBENCH R23.200[ 10 ]. Besides, for this demonstration system a direct measurement …” „… potentially due to driver negligence or vehicle brake system failure. In this case, EV2 broadcasts a timely …” „… emergency turn away and warn the driver. Despite which use case, the overall system dataflow is shown in Fig …”

T. Hackl, L. Roslaniec Multi-level GaN inverter for highest HV EV performance and efficiency – comparison of 2-level and 3-level inverter topology S. 247-252

„… gearbox. Based on this electric drive system the different effects were investigated in great detail …” „… e-motor on electric drive system level can be observed. Another opportunity is a Silicon Carbide (SiC …” „… GaN technology (Direct Drive D-Mode) was developed for the high-reliability standards of the …”

K. Fuchs, G. Hasenbichler How Data-driven Approaches Enhance Agile and Quality-assured Software Development for AD S. 663-672

„… drivers, data integrity laws and rules, etc.). A proper diagnostic function of the measurement system …” „… developed two different reference measurement systems, one integrated system aimed for the usage in …” „… How Data-driven Approaches Enhance Agile and Quality-assured Software Development for AD …”

L. Heinrich, M. Springer, D. Schütz, J. Pannek A Holistic Approach for a Universal Vehicle-to-Robot (V2R) Communication Interface S. 365-378

„… ] Condoluci, M. et al.: LTE-direct vs. WIFI-direct for machine-type communications over LTE-A Systems. IEEE 26 …” „… communication: 5G communication of all peers with the backend, direct C-V2X or WLANp V2R communication, LTE, 5G …” „… the bus system to control the actuators, e.g., for the trunk, doors, and seats. Moreover, we propose …”

P. Fietkau, L. Diebolder Challenges in the Synchronous Development of Software, Hardware and Mechanics for Drive Systems S. 559-572

„… systems are increasing exponentially. Interactions using the example of an electric drive system are shown …” „… drive system. The development processes differ significantly in the number of development loops run …” „… drive system from Porsche AG and the challenges involved in synchronous development are shown. To …”

D. Cotterle, M. Hofmann How to Improve EV Battery Cell Quality – Making Test a Competitive Advantage S. 211-222

„… must be sorted, modules will be assembled and interconnected, and a battery management system (BMS …” „… manufacturing efficiency. DCIR Impedance Tests DCIR (direct current internal resistance) tests measure …” „… resistance to direct current flow. The battery is injected with a pulse of current of relatively high …”

S. K S, Tata Elxsi, N. Velinov Software-Defined Vehicle: Combining Real-Time Safety Critical Functions with Cloud Connectivity S. 543-558

„… safety-critical real-time Driver Monitoring System (DMS) with cloud-based non-critical applications. It explains …” „… hardware mechanisms, embedded in the system-on-chip (SoC), that guarantee the correctness of operation of …” „… becomes more of an issue when it comes to safety-critical systems. This implies that the system …”

N. Pfullmann Electrified commercial vehicle trailers – how to turn a conventional trailer into a hybrid vehicle S. 703-710

„… brake system and the drivetrain are employed. With this sensor set the driver’s demand can be deduced in …” „… integrated system described earlier. This is primarily due to the necessity to accurately deduce the driver’s …” „… , two integration levels into the brake management system are discussed with their respective benefits …”

J. Hansson, L. Henderson, M. Sadeghi Kati, D. Möller, S. Ray, S. Schoutissen Safe and efficient regenerative braking strategies for BEV heavy vehicle combinations S. 91-102

„… braking at all and instead rely on service brake system, which a driver is likely to do during winter …” „… jack-knife instability include reactive systems like Antilock Braking System (ABS) and Electronic Stability …” „… service brake system configured to distribute the braking force proportional to the axle load, i.e., on …”

M. Cupelli Rust for Automotive – A Modern, Memory-Safe and Secure Programming Language S. 533-542

„… system failure and security branches. For developers looking to build safe, secure, and robust systems …” „… a need for enhanced security measures to protect from potential vulnerabilities and ensure system …” „… managed. D) Borrowing System Rust’s unique borrowing system allows to temporarily lend ownership of a …”

S. Miller, L. Nicoletti A Holistic Approach for Designing a Battery Electric Vehicle Thermal Management System S. 77-90

„… load [10]. Throughout the drive cycle, the thermal management system effectively regulates the …” „… the biggest value when used as early as possible to ensure that the system-level requirements are …” „… A Holistic Approach for Designing a Battery Electric Vehicle Thermal Management System With a …”

S. Spitzer, S. Wahl Hydrogen – A Game Changer in the Automotive Industry ... and Beyond S. 689-702

„… large-scale production for HD fuel cell systems already started and the system components for the H2 Engine …” „… utilizes its system competence and experience in the field of automotive to achieve the necessary …” „… electronic control units in hydrogen-powered vehicles. It discusses the safety considerations, system integra …”

J. Sieracki, R. Yang, A. Vamos, M. Caggiano Seeing with Sound: AI-Based Detection of Participants in Automotive Environment from Passive Audio S. 293-306

„… both human oriented advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and autonomous driver stacks in mind. Its …” „… Seeing-with-Sound™ system. As illustrated in Figure 5, our solution comprises two systems that work together: a …” „… produce an early warning - even when a target is out of sight of the driver or camera element - presents a …”

A. Matarage A leap in innovation – What European OEMs can learn from Chinese OEMs in terms of User Experience S. 503-518

„… NIO or XPeng), advanced driver assistance systems (for instance developed by Huawei or Baidu Apollo …” „… ]. Cities like Beijing also implemented a license plate lottery system to limit the total number of vehicles …” „… . Three of them have a direct impact on the automotive industry: “next generation information technology …”

T. Huck, A. Achtzehn Towards the next step in vehicle E/E architectures S. 185-198

„… rooted in our comprehensive understanding across vehicle system domains and of the non-functional drivers …” „… system-on-chip (SoC). VDI-Berichte Nr. 2423, 2023190 Fig. 4: Centralization patterns and equivalence classes …” „… wheel-speed sensors connected to the braking system. However here the introduction of X-by-Wire systems might …”

T. Hinzmann Achieving Ubiquitous Connectivity for Future Vehicles S. 331-346

„… motivation of the vDAS system is that it will turbocharge the connectivity, which is driven by some of the …” „… congestion. The automotive industry is, therefore, challenged to drive solutions. Ensuring the vehicle …” „… automotive industry is, therefore, challenged to drive solutions. Ensuring the vehicle connected services are …”

P. Dreiseitel, D. Yesilbas Generative Artificial Intelligence – How AI Models Change the Way We Develop Automotive Products S. 405-418

„… arise. If an AI-driven system fails, determining responsibility becomes a complex issue, requiring …” „… using AI systems. These AI systems will be trained using driver behavior rather than pre-designed …” „… obstacles. This will lead to more effective and safer autonomous systems. Advanced driver assistance systems …”

A. Heise Plug & Play High-Performance Computer (HPC) and Fluid Cooling Solution S. 159-168

„… System-on-Chip (SoC) or System-on-Module (SoM) technology. The single HPC version – without pad cooling – is in …” „… System-on-Chip (SoC) inside a HPC requires low-temperature liquid cooling (i.e. <60 °C). In principle, the …” „… and higher density of Systems-on-Chip (SoC) bring more heat losses. Fluid cooling is the method of …”

G. Shirasat, T. Dannemann Snapdragon Ride Flex SoC: The central compute solution that’s bringing the SDV vision to reality S. 253-266

„… infotainment (IVI), advance driver assistance systems (ADAS)/automated driving (AD), and Domain Control …” „… workload. The in-vehicle E/E system architecture is going through an overhaul, wherein a typical vehicle …” „… microservice or incumbent real-time operating system (RTOS) based or a combination of both. In case of the …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024232

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Drivetrain Solutions for Commercial Vehicles

VDI Wissensform GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2421 2023

Results in this title

G. Wiche Voith Central Drive Concept for HD Trucks S. 181-190

„… Portfolio anbieten zu können. Das VEDS HD+ (Voith Electrical Drive System für Heavy- Duty Trucks) ist mit …” „… driven portfolio to the market. The VEDS HD+ (Voith Electrical Drive System for HD Trucks) is appli-cable …” „… , Voith has developed a high-voltage drive system in a modular approach tailored to the drivability of HD …”

A. Arnberger, H. Wancura, M. Wieser, H. Zhou, W. Gruber, J. Pell, C. Schörghuber Hybrid powertrain with hydrogen-engine – Technical solutions for future commercial vehicle powertrains S. 79-92

„… considered. The complete powertrain can be operated, via a direct drive (in 12th gear), with highest …” „… be answered. System engineering considers all systems and their interfaces from the beginning of the …” „… resistance  Powertrain: improving the efficiency of the existing propulsion system (Diesel engine efficiency …”

T. Jonsson, S. Balaji, G. Sivaraman, V. Ravindran, J. Engström Effects of PWM on losses and comparison of calculation approaches S. 47-58

„… drives have gained a lot of focus in recent times, especially due to their impact in increasing the iron …” „… voltage drives harmonic currents and associated fluxes in the electric machine, leading to higher losses …” „… straightforward since conventional finite element simulation uses sinusoidal current-driven approach for fast …”

H. Heimes, A. Kampker, M. Kehrer, S. Hagedorn, P. Euchner Packaging concepts for fuel cell commercial vehicles – From practical to application-oriented designs S. 13-28

„… purpose. Many fuel cell systems manufacturers deliver their system in a closed square box, which often …” „… Direct H2 PEM Fuel Cell Systems for Transport Applications: 2018 Update”, 2018. [18] Führen, D.; Graw, M …” „… mounted at the rear of the vehicle and connected to the wheels by a chain drive, Fig. 1. [1] Fig. 1: The …”

A. Rozum, R. Uerlich, G. Witham, L. Eckstein Modular powertrains for heavy-duty electric vehicles – From concept to prototype S. 191-XII

„… project of Concept ELV2 (funded by BMWi), a novel electrically driven axle (e-axle) is developed together …” „… from significantly lower noise emissions of electric drives as the propulsion noise of conventional …” „… prototype is built and thus to minimise the total development costs. 2. Development of electric drives at …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024218

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Drivetrain for Vehicles 2016

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2276 2016

Results in this title

S. Heller, S. Heppel The new BMW hybrid powertrain with eight speed hybrid module S. 353-368

„… K0. 1.1.5 The torsional vibration damper system An essential requirement on the drive train of a …” „… across a wide range of ambient temperatures. In the eDrive system of the BMW 3 series, the high-voltage …” „… Kernmarke BMW wurde aktuell in den Fahrzeugen BMW 530Le, BMW X5 xDrive 40e und BMW 330e eingeführt und …”

W. Hinz, G. Bednarek The new 8-speed FWD Automatic Transmission for General Motors / A. Opel AG S. 383-396

„… conditions. Different final drives and hardware modifications on the shift system due to ETRS are some of …” „… Fig. 5: Differences Malibu / XT5 / LaCrosse Torque Converter Control System Mode of Drive …” „… front-wheel-drive vehicles as well. The first application front-wheel-drive 8-speed automatic transmission (AF50-8 …”

M. Funk, G. Bofinger, J. Patzer, D. O. Lautenschlager, E. Granderath The New Porsche Dual Clutch Gearbox (PDK) – an Important Component of the Powertrain of the Future S. 69-84

„… module into the tunnel of a vehicle with a standard drive system with little or no increase in overall …” „… variants. The 2WD derivative was conceptualised for a standard rear-wheel drive system, wherein the low …” „… conventional drive systems – it must also consider hybridisation as an integral part of the gearbox concept …”

M. Jordan, P. Tenberge Optimized Start-Stop-Control of a P2-Hybrid – Identification of critical parameters for comfort and timing S. 421-434

„… thus guide the design of the drivetrain, 3. To aid system optimisation and calibration as soon as the …” „… physical system. The same technique is used by well-known simulation tools like AMESim, SimulationX …” „… hydraulic pressure of the disconnect clutch is controlled by a direct acting proportional pressure control …”

R. Welter, M. Kneißler, M. Hausner, D. Schulteis The Fascination of Clutch-by-Wire S. 121-136

„… . During launch and gearshift, the driver still operates the clutch by foot. This economical system is …” „… systems supplier, Schaeffler can undertake all the harmonization work required for the clutch system and …” „… the bulk of the systems integration tasks. VDI-Berichte 2276, 2016 123 Fig. 2: CbW system with …”

J. Utz, V. Lichtenwald, G. Hirt Short Synchro (STSS) – reduced shift travel for MT’s and DCT’s – Development of a synchronizer system for future demands in transmissions S. 231-242

„… . According to the subjective assessment of the test driver, the system has an ATZ rating of 7 to 8. The …” „… . VDI-Berichte 2276, 2016232 Fig. 1: Requirements for synchronization The high complexity of drive systems …” „… hydraulic and electric systems. The short system length also increases the space available for the clutch …”

R. Kronstorfer, F. Kolb, U. Pinschmidt Audi quattro – Four wheel drive becomes more efficient S. 369-382

„… of a controlled all-wheel drive system which can automatically bring the rear axle differential to a …” „… system efficiency has been significantly increased. Additional losses in an all-wheel drive system …” „… are essential: - System architecture - Transmission, all-wheel drive clutch, rear axle …”

S. Foulard, S. Rinderknecht, R. Fietzek Paradigm Change in Transmission Design by Online Condition Prediction – Cost- Efficient and Resource-Optimized Lightweight Design based on the eLIFE and ecoLIFE3 Concepts S. 515-530

„… driver during operation. 2. Condition Prediction for Transmissions: Lifetime Monitoring System Purely …” „… system detects that a given driver would not reach the minimal required service life or that a critical …” „… . that the data generated by the lifetime monitoring system have pointed out that the 99.9 % driver only …”

M. Hochrein, F. Mühlfeld, J. Buhl CBW system by ZF – maximum efficiency with maximum acceptance – Maximum efficiency with maximum acceptance S. 109-120

„… Entwicklung des Clutch-by-Wire (CBW) Systems die Aufgabe gesetzt, ein System zur Verfügung zu stellen, das …” „… . System/concept requirements Before starting the system design the requirements have to be analyzed and evaluated …” „… CBW system by ZF – maximum efficiency with maximum acceptance Maximum efficiency with maximum …”

V. Warth, B. Reick, B. Bertsche, M. Geimer Efficient analysis of complex continuously variable power split transmissions with multiple in- and outputs S. 719-730

„… performance, comfort and efficiency of vehicle drive systems can be ideally matched to the driver's needs and …” „… systems Figure 2.6 shows the variator power of electric motor E2 without losses relating to the drive …” „… erarbeiteten Methodik für unterschiedliche Anwendungsgebiete. Abstract Modern tractors have drives with …”

B. Löffler, J. Patzner, M. Drabek, K. Armbruster Modular 8-Speed Hybrid Dual Clutch Transmission With Integrated All-Wheel Distributor by ZF S. 85-100

„… standard and all-wheel drive applications. Thus, ZF presents a trendsetting system with sporty genes …” „… flexibly adapted to different passenger car variants. The same is true for the all-wheel drive system that …” „… transmission system was developed based on a completely new 8-speed dual clutch transmission design (8DT) for …”

A. Kooy, D. Eireiner, T. Krause, C. Herbers, B. Vögtle Torsional Damping Systems for all relevant Powertrains – Extending current Damping Technologies S. 257-270

„… driving the driver will lose direct contact with the powertrain, requiring an even higher degree of …” „… Antriebsstränge angepasst werden. Abstract Effective damper systems are needed in order to drive at high …” „… second cylinder, on the needed damper system, are not included in this paper. The damper systems …”

F. Brezger, A. Moser Energy Saving Potentials by Advanced Functionalities of Clutch or Brake actuator Systems for Vehicle Drivetrains S. 137-156

„… direct system losses give potential for alternative solutions. Other solutions can achieve even more …” „… CVT system”. 8th CTI- Symposium Automotive Transmissions, HEV and EV Drives, USA 2014 [9] Yamamoto, M …” „… well as of the hydraulic system and its “consumer systems” is increasing. Furthermore the latching …”

M. Spreckels, U. Christoffer Efficient synchronizer for comfort and performance – increase of manual and dual clutch transmissions S. 207-220

„… multi cone synchronizer systems by the new segmented synchronizer system with same performance and …” „… systems. 7. Case Study The claimed benefits of the segmented synchronizer system are significant space …” „… replacement of multi cone synchronizer systems by the new segmented synchronizer system with same performance …”

R. Nasdal, U. Bernhardt Cascaded gears: Possible Applications and Experiences S. 101-108

„… transversal mounted transmissions also in combination with a final drive ratio at the differential gear …” „… shifting questions the relevance for DCTs. The driver feels nothing but has only the acoustic effect of a …” „… untrained test drivers about negative drivability or shiftability in this context. It is likely that his …”

A. Lampe, U. Mettin, R. Serway Clutch control of stepped automatic transmissions by using a virtual DCT-structure – Power shifts made easy with generic control software S. 405-420

„… coupled planetary gear sets and clutches. Because both types have more than one clutch, the drivers force …” „… clutch must be closed. The clutch state table in Fig. 2 shows that direct shifts other than consecutive …” „… in section 2 all shifts are performed as power shift so that the driver’s force demand must not be …”

S. Fujimoto, N. Shiomura, K. Sato, Y. Kawahara The Trend and Future of Torque Converter for CVT S. 869-878

„… CVT/ Comparisons of TC for AT and CVT (1) Appropriate use of RWD Rear wheel drive longitudinal system …” „… and FWD Front wheel drive transverse system RWD tends to be expensive and have influence on cabin …” „… Combustion Engine (ICE), the application of supercharger, diesel engine, direct injection and cylinder …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181022764

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Dritev – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2020

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2373 2020

Results in this title

P. Lück, K. Bennewitz, J. Tousen, J. Peter The front-axle drive of the MEB – Volkswagen expands the e-drive portfolio S. I-7-I-26

„… charging power of up to 125 kW is possible using combined charging system (CCS) equipment. Two drives can …” „… integrated in a cast housing in which the cooling system of the drive is also integrated. The rotor bearings …” „… : Single-speed transmission of ID. 4 front-axle drive 4.5 Electric axle-drive cooling system Heat is …”

V. Null A new generation of thermal fluid technology for high performance charging of electric vehicles – How new thermal fluids can enhance battery performance in EVs S. II-97-II-108

„… water/glycol and direct systems with dielectric fluids it is important to compare at system level. Computer …” „… suitable for direct contact with the electrical system. Shell started to develop a new generation of …” „… electric drives Challenges in system integration Next-Gen E-Drive International Conference EDrive …”

M. Deiml High speed electric drive system – A solution for the next generation E-cars S. II-49-II-62

„… High Speed Electric Drive System A Solution for the Next Generation E-Cars Dipl. Ing. (FH …” „… density in the conductors. Cooling A direct oil cooling system, like the one integrated in the AVL …” „… separately to get a traction advantage in curves. The EDU consists therefore of two drive systems, with …”

P. Schwanemann, T. Pfund Market-driven electric motor designs from Schaeffler – Optimized electric motor design process via technology and production kits S. II-1-II-16

„… system variants requested on the market is still huge. Specific optimized electric drive systems and …” „… combine electric drive systems, transmissions, combustion engines and several energy sources like gasoline …” „… top level view the possibilities to integrate electric drive systems in a powertrain seem to be …”

G. Gardner Ford MACH-E Primary Electric Drive Unit S. I-1-I-6

„… integrated e-transaxle consisting of a high voltage motor, inverter and system controller, final drive …” „… all-electric propulsion system. Drive for Electrification As global CO2 standards become more and more …” „… Ford MACH-E Primary Electric Drive Unit Greg Gardner, Ford Motor Company, Livonia Michigan, USA …”

C. A. Spangler Borg Warner’s P1 and P2 hybrid drive modules – Modular kit for P1 and P2 hybrids S. I-221-I-232

„… off-axis drive system utilizing our innovative S-Wind stator technology. These motors provide the …” „… electric drive system items for P1 and P2 modules BorgWarner can also leverage other traditional mechanical …” „… bearing; A WEG based cooling system for the traction motor and inverter; A chain drive transfer …”

K. Sabzewari, M. Vieracker, J. Sagstetter Cost efficient PHEV powertrain solution based on dedicated hybrid transmission – Cost efficiency for small and mid-size plug in hybrid vehicle S. I-89-I-102

„… increment “system” summarizes the cost of components for other systems such as the thermal management …” „… lies on higher cost efficiency for the powertrain system in order to make plug-in hybrids more …” „… and transmission by removal of engine turbocharging, drive off elements, mechanical gear …”

F. Völkel, M. Tietz, A. Schamin, S. Giehl Rolling into the future – Bearing solutions for electric mobility S. I-103-I-118

„… converters and the structure of the drive system. Elements such as insulation, air gaps, and even the …” „… applied depending on the system configuration that is present in the drive unit. 3.1. The Current Shunt …” „… processing areas, offers a system-level downsizing potential. The sensor alignment is unnecessary and the …”

M. Saborío, O. Sarmiento, C. Böhm High efficiency electric transmission oil pump – Transmission hydraulic efficiency improvement through hybridization S. I-149-I-158

„… ; or by merging both into one hybrid system as is the case of Vitesco Technologies’ Dual Drive Pump …” „… the flexibility of an EOP i.e. Dual Drive Pumps (DDP). Such hybridized and pure electrical supply …” „… concepts show an oil supply system efficiency increase of up to 20 % thanks to a 94 % reduction of the …”

A. Manelli, F. Filippo Irato, C. Cavallino, R. Gay e-FDU: Concept, develop & industrialization of a novel P4 powertrain – From concept to industrialization of a novel P4 powertrain in 24 month S. I-45-I-78

„… efficiency, weight and space optimization. Main system requirements are: - Max. e-drive speed 135km/h …” „… actuation system layout. Like all the classic actuator systems it was constituted by a pump, an accumulator …” „… system is tested, e-FDU + inverters, and all the necessary auxiliary systems, like lubrication oil …”

D. Schöneberger, S. Rinderknecht, D. Reitmeier, A. Mertens Development of a transmission control for an innovative high-speed powertrain using motor-related control – Simulative approach to develop an angular position controlled engagement of dog clutches in ... S. I-195-I-212

„… strong as in conventional transmissions. As recommended in [4] and confirmed in [5] linear direct drive …” „… Reitmeier, M.Sc., Prof. Dr.-Ing. Axel Mertens Institute for Drive Systems and Power Electronics, Leibnitz …” „… two drive transmission Daniel Schöneberger, M.Sc., Prof. Dr.-Ing. Stephan Rinderknecht, Institute …”

A. Esser, T. Eichenlaub, S. Rinderknecht Real-driving-based comparison of the eco-impact of powertrain concepts using a data-driven optimization environment S. I-309-I-342

„… Real-Driving-Based Comparison of the Eco-Impact of Powertrain Concepts using a Data-Driven …” „… contribution we present a data-driven optimization environment that enables to identify the ecological …” „… long-range capable vehicles. PHEV or ICEV, driven by the combustion of compressed natural gas (CNG), and …”

D. Vietze, M. Hein, K. Stahl Method for a cloud based remaining-service-life-prediction for vehicle-gearboxes based on big-data-analysis and machine learning S. I-403-I-416

„… and kinds of machinery. 2. Motivation Transmissions are a key component of vehicle drive trains …” „… agricultural machinery would not work the usual way without gearboxes in their drive trains. Over the last …” „… . Nevertheless, failures occur and can lead to a total loss of drive. With increasing lifetime and millage this …”

T. Korb, M. Nussbaumer, S. Rinderknecht Generic optimization environment and knowledge-based guided evolutionary algorithms for automated transmission calibration – Method to generate a knowledge base through impact analysis of parameters a... S. I-355-I-384

„… , done by application engineers or test drivers within the conventional process. The rating system, or …” „… parameter’s influences on the system behaviour. This is done through splitting up an obtained signal after a …” „… functional parameters and the system output, is intended to be used within a metaheuristic of a conventional …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023730

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DRITEV – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2021

VDI-Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2381 2021

Results in this title

N. Mueller Electrification of heavy commercial vehicles from the perspective of a bodybuilder S. 555-560

„… made between direct and indirect drive. Direct drive in the case of PTO is used when equipment is to …” „… engagement system consisting of a multi-plate clutch. In automatic transmissions, the system is driven by …” „… drum of the truck mixer, a direct connection between the transmission and the ePTO system is provided …”

R. R. Kasibhatla, P. Neidhardt, K. Caliskan Thermal Simulation according to Maturity Level in E-Drive Development S. 61-76

„… essential for e-drives to meet performance and installation requirements. The coiling system effects not …” „… axle drive Geometry Update Mesh Generation Solution VDI-Berichte Nr. 2381, 202170 System …” „… Thermal Simulation according to Maturity Level in E-Drive Development Dr. R. Rohith …”

L. de Ruijsscher TREMEC Hybrid Dual Clutch Transmission (HDCT) – Electrification of TREMEC’s high performance dual clutch transmission S. 159-178

„… the overall system design, where a high number of controllers, drivers, actuators and sensors need to …” „… : cooling systems, inverter(s), battery pack(s), electronics, … This drives the need to keep component size …” „… cars and commercial vehicles, TREMEC has established itself as leading full-system supplier for high …”

T. Kaufhold, F. Schneider, O. Groneberg, A. Moser Modular Starting and Damping System integrated in 48V Hybrid Architectures – Efficient Starting System for Hybrid Vehicle Architectures S. 347-360

„… to the driver. In comparison, 48V P2 systems need either an additional ICE starting device or a …” „… system-related losses depending on engine speed, which ends up in a lowered overall system efficiency. This …” „… Modular Starting and Damping System integrated in 48V Hybrid Architectures Efficient Starting …”

D. Lechleitner, M. Hofstetter, M. Hirz, C. Gsenger, K. Huber Parking Lock Integration for Electric Axle Drives by Multi-Objective Design Optimization S. 303-318

„… considerations, electric axle drives (e-drives) are often equipped with a parking lock system, which prevents …” „… lock into the e-drive, various mounting positions inside the e-drive are eligible, which have a direct …” „… system can thus lead to undesirably high costs and reduced energy efficiency of the entire e-drive – all …”

C. Schmidt, H. Dhejne, J. Karlsson High Efficient 2 speed e-Axle – Highly efficient and shiftable under load S. 145-158

„… technologies on the 2speed e-axle: - 800V e-Drive System - Inverter with SiC Technolgoy - High speed …” „… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2381, 2021 147 The e-drive system is defined by the high speed e-motor which is controlled by …” „… a state of the art SiC inverter. The system voltage of the e-drive is 800V. The higher voltage is …”

F. Bayer, J. Tochtermann Development of a Heavy-Duty E-Axle S. 621-636

„… in Fig. 1 Fig. 1: AVL e-axle with and without suspension system Mechanical Integration of …” „… to be packaged. The components of the suspension system of a conventional truck are arranged close …” „… . Nevertheless, it is quite likely that some modifications of the suspension system are necessary to create the …”

J. De Landtsheere TREMEC HYbrid DRive Axle – HYDRA – Hybridization enables RWD dynamics in a FWD car S. 125-144

„… torque vectoring AWD system, for which simulations show that performance and fun-to-drive are stepped up …” „… axles. Using HYDRA as a technology showcase and development platform for electric drive system …” „… TREMEC HYbrid DRive Axle - HYDRA Hybridization enables RWD dynamics in a FWD car Ir. Jannick …”

T. Hillesheim Energy-efficient Hydraulic Control for the Multi-speed Transmission of an Electric Vehicle S. 319-328

„… singlespeed transmission [5] 3 Comparism of two hydraulic shifting systems 3.1 Choosing a system Once a …” „… that are often driven on the highway. This design is accompanied by lower efficiency in the urban …” „… Technologies is proposing a solution based on an accumulator storage system using a hydraulic accumulator for …”

M. Dilzer BorgWarner P2 Modules – from HV to 48V S. 35-46

„… optimization of the electrical drive system BorgWarner has developed a best fit inverter solution. The …” „… Engaged Starter) 48V systems with its general idea of small and cost efficient electrical system tend to …” „… Propulsion Systems, CTI Symposium USA 2020 [5] Steinmair G., Modular and Scalable 48V Platform eDrive …”

M. Häßler, O. Werner The Pendulum Rocker Damper – Providing flexible damper characteristics for hybrid powertrains S. 329-346

„… damper system in the environment of the drivetrain is indispensable in defining the mechanical …” „… driven to the coast side during the starting process. This means that, for the purpose of isolation, a …” „… damper can be operated with the lowest possible friction on the drive side (Fig. 4a), while the coast …”

N. Scharlach Possibilities of a modern Powertrainmanagement S. 719-XIX

„… : - Driven by the CO2 legislation, what is the futures propulsion system? o Hydrogen ICE o Fuel Cell o BEV …” „… drive system or an electrified axle. The management functions, like shifting strategy, torque …” „… side electrified propulsion system needs to be integrated in a given vehicles architecture, but also …”

A. Bagh, D. Magnor, J. Kneiber, F. Löhe eTransport – Application of axle-integrated e-drive in urban LCV and MD trucks S. 637-652

„… drive system solution including the application for different types of vehicles. At an early stage BPW …” „… emission-free vehicles as well as to collect user experience and test kilometres. The drive system is …” „… electromechanical drive system for commercial vehicles are the conversion of electrical energy stored in a …”

H. Wittig, J. Engasser, A. Glavinic AEROFLEX – Distributed Hybrid Drivetrain for Long Haul Freight Vehicles S. 593-608

„… unit, an electrically driven axle, which require a liquid cooling system, and a Local System …” „… operation request generated by the driver and/or assistance systems. Furthermore, it contains operating …” „… electric drives while any traction command is prohibited. In state of the art systems, the protocol for …”

F. Langhammer, A. Kappes, A. Viehmann, S. Rinderknecht Novel “Two-Drive-Transmission for Long-Range” Powertrain: Ecology and Efficiency meet Driving Comfort S. 207-228

„… .: Efficiency of Electric Axle Drive Systems. In: VDI Wissensforum (Hrsg.): Dritev - Drivetrain in Vehicles: 19 …” „… Novel “Two-Drive-Transmission for Long-Range” Powertrain: Ecology and Efficiency meet Driving …” „… dem DE-REX-Antrieb auf das neuartige Antriebsstrangkonzept "Two-Drive-Transmission for Long Range …”

G. Gao, D. Schöneberger, S. Rinderknecht Development of an innovative and modular test bench to analyse gear shifts in electrified powertrains S. 415-436

„… both idler gears and the output shaft can be driven individually. With this structure, it is possible …” „… also be examined in detail. A real-time system enables the central control and evaluation of all test …” „… system with a smart actuator [2] and dog clutch is presented in different scenarios and discussed on the …”

A. Ramsauer, A. Pujari Frontloading for (Hybrid-) Transmission Integration at BMW S. 101-116

„… acceleration. Although the number of patterns being limited by the system layout, shifting characteristics of …” „… vehicles as well as hybrid variants to the market. As of now, the main drivers for technology improvement …” „… this paper, extends the capabilities of the AVL-DRIVE tool by refining the criteria calculation and …”

M. Muether, B. Heuser, L. Virnich, A. Guedden, T. Luediger, D. van der Put Development trends towards CO2-neutral powertrains for HD applications S. 529-550

„… as the exhaust gas aftertreatment system and possible additional technologies such as waste heat …” „… penalty system in case of non-compliance, with fines of 4,250 euro per gCO2/tkm in 2025 and 6,800 euro …” „… peripherals without re-designing the base engine. An optimization of the combustion system by increasing the …”

A. Albers, M. Behrendt, J. Köber, T. Breitinger Development of a method for the automated validation of the shift quality of modern dual clutch transmissions on full-vehicle test benches S. 399-414

„… (sub)system under investigation that is integrated into a validation environment (VE) either physically …” „… conventional approaches, the IPEK- XiL approach offers the advantage that the system (X) to be validated is not …” „… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2381, 2021400 consciously perceived by the driver, which is why ensuring optimum shift quality …”

B. Krüger, G. Filomeno, D. Dennin, P. Tenberge Holistic Design of All-Wheel Drive Electric Powertrains Using a Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm S. 377-394

„… aufzuzeigen. Abstract In this paper, all-wheel drive (AWD) systems in battery electric vehicles (BEVs …” „… driven by a central engine, electric all-wheel drive systems are realized as axle split systems. Both …” „… Holistic Design of All-Wheel Drive Electric Powertrains Using a Multi-Objective Optimization …”

G. Herbillon Performances Validation of an electrically-commanded dog clutch system for multi-speed and disconnectable eDrives S. 255-274

„… electrically-commanded dog clutch that can be used for the “NextGen” eDrives either as SHIFTING system (for multi-speed …” „… multi-speed also offers further benefits compared to DIRECT drive layouts: as the downsizing/cost saving on …” „… constantly supplied. Fig. 4: Road map of Shifting system applied to eDrives VDI-Berichte Nr. 2381 …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023815

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Dritev 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2420 2023

Results in this title

A. Paone, J. Larbig, A. Rohm, T. Höche ZF TherMaS: Holistic Thermal Management for BEV S. 45-60

„… the drive system at lower costs and outstanding sustainability. Dedicated to be modular, compact …” „… environment than a comparable thermal management system with direct cabin cooling and R1234yf (figure 11) Fig …” „… show that the disadvantages of an VDI-Berichte Nr. 2420, 2023 57indirect system compared to a direct …”

J. Bonifacio, V. Warth, S. Scharr Optimizing sustainable high-performance e-drives S. 349-358

„… , W., Warth, V.: System Optimization for 800 V e-drive Systems in Automotive Applications. ATZ …” „… e-drive system. The extensive use of holistic system optimization and the related computation and …” „… design of a high-performance oil-cooled PMSM-based e-drive system considering these requirements is …”

L. Bayoux, K.-L. Kimmig, D. Reitz Has the potential in terms of weight, installation space, and function already been exhausted for hybrid transmissions? S. 205-220

„… parallel operation with direct mechanical drive by the internal combustion engine (hence "MultiMode Hybrid …” „… , allowing direct mechanical drive by the internal combustion engine. The electric motors can be used as an …” „… combustion engine operating and producing the required energy, and direct mechanical drive by the internal …”

L. Roslaniec, T. Hackl Next generation Electric Drive Units with multi-level GaN inverter for highest HV EV performance and efficiency – Comparison of 2-level and 3-level inverter topologies S. 107-114

„… inverter as part of a 3-in-1 system with an induction motor and a gearbox. Based on this electric drive …” „… improvement gained by the e-motor on electric drive system level can be observed …” „… technology is key VisIC Technologies' D3GaN technology (Direct Drive D-Mode) was developed for the …”

J. Jung, A. Helm Manufacturing technologies for reduced AC copper losses in hairpin stators – Increasing the efficiency of electric traction machines S. 131-142

„… efficiency of electric traction machines Dr. Jakob Jung, Axel Helm, Additive Drives GmbH, Dresden …” „… main drive of automobiles contain windings made of solid copper conductors, so-called hairpins. Due to …” „… eight-conductor system and provides a manageable analytical estimate for the design phase. To reduce eddy current …”

A. Kappes, S. Frei, P. Noone, Stephan Rinderknecht Development and Design of a Range Extended four-speed Two-Drive-Powertrain S. 253-280

„… System Power Loss Minimization in Inverter-fed Variable Speed Drives, 2023. [19] H. Ye and A. Emadi, “An …” „… , 07. and 08. June 2011 = Transmissions in vehicles 2011 - efficiency im-provement in drive systems …” „… Development and Design of a Range Extended four-speed Two-Drive-Powertrain Aaron Kappes, M.Sc …”

P. Geradts, M. Kasten, A. Landvogt Psychoacoustic optimization of the NVH behavior of an eDrive power train – Application of a Targeted Micro Geometry Scatter on Helical Gears to break-up the regularity of the transmission error excita... S. 459-470

„… electric drive systems has been pro-posed and evaluated for a 3-in-1 system. As an alternative to further …” „… Drehfehlerrechnungen in Messungen auf einem Teststand für ein eDrive-System untersucht. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2420, 2023 459 …” „… demonstrated with test rig measurements of an eDrive system. The presented results are part of a cooperation …”

M. Magnusson, O. Nicklasson, H. Jacobsson Electric Cross Differential, eXD S. 235-252

„… system.Figure 2, eXD (off-axis) sectioned viewThe friction system consists of friction discs with intermediate …” „… pressurized hydraulic fluid separated from the friction system.Figure 2, eXD (off-axis) sectioned …” „… of an EV such as: Study of eXD influence on vehicle behaviour for cornering drive situations …”

C. Mohr Acoustic Optimization of Electric Powertrains from a Vehicle Level Perspective S. 471-XVI

„… possible, [2]:  direct mechanical drive by the internal combustion engine  driven by electric/traction …” „… of predefined limit curves in the development of drives for completely new vehicle concepts is not …” „… without its limits. A closer cooperation between manufacturers and drive suppliers is key to achieving a …”

C. Reumüller, M. Sedlmair, M. Hein, A. Damm Transformation from conventional to electric powertrains Challenges in testing mechatronic shifting systems S. 359-376

„… figure. As mentioned above, emDOC systems are directly driven by magnetic reluctance force. Equation (5 …” „… elements are mechatronic systems, the main difference in system testing these shift elements is the two-way …” „… systems. In the first part of the paper the focus was laid on explaining the HOERBIGER emDOC system and …”

T. Hofman, J. Van Kampen, O. Borsboom Electric Mobility Design – From Powertrain Components to Vehicle Fleet Optimization S. 391-410

„… , e-drive, and gearbox system), we focus at a lower-coupled system level on understanding how to develop …” „… discrete mathemat-ical models and optimization models and methods for system-level powertrain design. In …” „… , together with the in-creasing computational capacity in design, led to the flourishing of system-level …”

R. Fehrenbacher, P. Duck, K. Bause Ways to increase sustainability by expanding product development processes for vehicles using the example of a hybridized automated transmission S. 411-424

„… the conventional drive power in the hybrid powertrain. The battery system provides the electrical …” „… systematically mapped. Based on this reference system, subsystems of a new system are developed through three …” „… . For this purpose, the foresight results are usable in a systematic design for target system building …”

T. Schneider, K. Völkel, K. Stahl Failure Characteristics of Wet-Clutches in Limited Slip Differentials S. 307-324

„… modern drive systems, replacing reactive or preventive maintenance with condition-based maintenance. For …” „… friction linings of Friction Systems 1 and 2. For Friction System FS3, thinner thicknesses of the friction …” „… G-P (2012) Hot bands and hot spots: Some direct solutions of continuous thermoelastic systems with …”

B. Cebulski, S. Mühlbauer, D. Sailer, L. Schmieden, R. Wunderlich, O. Seidler, A. Stiegelmeyr About the benefits of permanent rotor temperature measurement S. 143-152

„… measurement Same power, loss costs The first benefit of direct measurement of the rotor magnet temperature is …” „… error in direct oil-cooled machines is caused by the unsteady oil flow, which is influenced by oil …” „… sensor modules This sensor technology has the following benefits:  Direct measurement & monitoring …”

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Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2018

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2328 2018

Results in this title

R. Savelsberg, P. Griefnow, G. Birmes, A. Sehr Advanced powertrain functions of 48 V hybrid vehicles – Efficient powertrains does not exclude driving pleasure S. I-499-I-516

„… the easy integration of the BSG into the belt drive system of the combustion engine. The direct …” „… in the belt drive system of the combustion engine (P0 architecture). In addition, a 6.5 kW electrical …” „… , the efficiency increase at reasonable additional system costs is certainly the main driver of the 48 …”

G. Bednarek, K. Geratz, H. Chariou The all-new 8-speed AT for the Opel Grandland X S. I-1-I-10

„… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 2018 1 Ausführung der Getriebe als geschlossenes System mit geschlossenem Differential …” „… two Diesel engines in front wheel drive configuration. They are the first applications with the new …” „… material reduce heat generation and accompanying losses. A chain driven off-axis low loss oil pump, dynamic …”

T. Högnäs, G. Beldie 48 volt torque vectoring electric rear drive module (eRDM) – Excellent driving dynamics with significant CO2 savings S. I-517-I-528

„… Electric Rear Drive Module (eRDM) Fig. 3: Mode Shifting The system can operate in torque vectoring …” „… compromise to the All-Wheel Drive performance. By using one electrical motor for both functions, the system …” „… voltage systems. System Performance Utilization of an electrical machine for the TV function offers …”

N. Dudin, S. Ott, A. Albers, R. Misch, T. Rochlitzer Virtualizing validation processes of electrified powertrain generations S. II-47-II-72

„… system view to allow the validation of OS in closed-loop with the systems vehicle, driver and …” „… , chassis, navigation and driver assistance systems amongst other vehicle systems at all times. Therefore …” „… interactions between the systems vehicle, driver and environment under realistic driving maneuvers. Hence, an …”

C. Schmahl, W. Hildebrandt, D. Reith The impact of efficiency enhanced drivetrain components on the energy consumption of electric and conventional vehicles S. I-119-I-130

„… defined driving cycle in eq. 3. 1 , 0 (3) In fig. 4 b), the electric drive system is notable for a …” „… second energy path. The electrical drive system has the possibility of energy recovery. While coasting …” „… determined by the components of the drive system. The average negative drive power is determined according …”

M. Roßhuber, G. Schromm, K. Kranz The new BMW automatic transmission – Challenges in development S. I-11-I-22

„… concept, are the gear set topology, the drive-off element with the torsional vibration damping system …” „… associated with automatic transmissions is eliminated if necessary, featuring a sporty direct drive train …” „… 2. Generation fort. Eine weitere Absenkung der Betriebspunkte durch Änderungen am DU-System und der …”

T. Grasshoff, P. Beckedahl Power module packaging technologies for silicon and silicon carbide in automotive applications – challenges and solutions S. II-19-II-30

„… and weight of power systems, the cooling technology and system must be optimized as it accounts for …” „… design. Fast switching incurs steep current slopes and high di/dt values. The module’s and system’s …” „… . Today, the electric drive train uses silicon based IGBT power modules. Different assembly technologies …”

R. Bredtmann, M. Beck, O. Mühlfeld, K. Olesen, O. Shajarati Robust multi-chip power module for effective integration to automotive powertrains – Danfoss DCM™1000 meets future automotive requirements S. II-1-II-18

„… electric traction drives. Its robust bonding- and joining technology enables cost-effective semiconductor …” „… disruptive development of drivetrains is an integration of electric traction drives, that cover power …” „… broader ratingof DC battery voltages and currents Improved body packages to fit the automotive eco‐system …”

K. Bennewitz, A. Mann Powertrain electrification exemplified by the VW Golf S. II-135-II-168

„… powertrain management system coordinates the interaction of both mounted drives to build a “real system …” „… drive components from the module matrix for realizing an FMA system as well as a battery electric …” „… hundred milliseconds [11]. System description of Coasting Engine Off Driven by its intelligent …”

B. Chamberlin, E. Gold HEV P2 module concepts for different transmission architectures clutch and e-motor options S. I-441-I-450

„… . This type of system typically uses a 1:1 drive ratio between the electric motor and the engine output …” „… drivers, an IPM rotor is often the desirable approach. The benefits of an IPM system include higher …” „… and E-motor Options Brad Chamberlin, BorgWarner Power Drive Systems, USA; Eckart Gold, BorgWarner …”

G. van Spijk, A. Klaassen, A. van der Leest, A. Brandsma, M. Tweehuysen CVT: dedicated to hybrid solutions – Setting the benchmark on all KPI’s S. I-65-I-78

„… : “Pushbelt CVT integration in 48V system-When fun-to-drive meets reduced CO2 footprint”, CTI Berlin 2017 …” „… system optimization. A significant part of the hybrid powertrain volume will be equipped with 48 Volt …” „… explained in [2]. The current paper addresses the selected CVT system solution for strong and plug-in …”

G. Hellenbroich, I. Steinberg, J. Ogrzewalla Powershift capable 2-Speed Electric Drive Unit for Light – Commercial Vehicles with Short Time to Market S. I-229-I-238

„… unit for the entire drive system and can also integrate and execute 3rd party code, e.g. the shift …” „… components and sub-systems, including electric machine, inverter, dual clutch unit, and actuation system [1 …” „… Powershift capable 2-Speed Electric Drive Unit for Light Commercial Vehicles with Short Time to …”

A. Dietrich, H. Klampfl “Friction Stir Welding” – Lightweight through manufacturing technology – The path from a concept to revolutionary gearbox manufacturing S. I-385-I-396

„… development was carried out on the basis of an existing axle drive, a direct comparison can be drawn. 1 …” „… of Al- housings - not for a traditional mechanical system, but for a High Voltage e-Drive product …” „… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 2018 385 Abstract Those who consider buying an all-wheel-drive vehicle usually …”

R. Buchberger, O. Grieshofer, K. Puchner, R. Sereinig System optimization of electric drives in terms of lightweight design, acoustics and efficiency by means of modern transmission simulation methods S. II-31-II-46

„… System optimization of electric drives in terms of lightweight design, acoustics and efficiency …” „… eDrive system together with e-motor and inverter. The paper shall show the approaches developed and …” „… & Harshness (NVH) behavior. Fig. 1: MPT eDrive System VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 201832 2. Development …”

T. Gemassmer Approaches to increase efficiency and dynamics of ipmsm traction drives by optimization of control strategies S. II-85-II-102

„… presented by means of measurement results on a prototype drive system, consisting of an automotive inverter …” „… used for optimizations of the drive system. A commonly used criterion is to generate the torque with …” „… detection, followed by a shutdown of the drive system. The plots in Fig. 8 (b) and (c) show stepwise …”

M. Bahne, U. Frey, G. Schlager Transmission technology contribution to CO2 roadmap – a benchmark S. I-285-I-304

„… Nr. 2328, 2018300 In addition, the e-drive system’s scalable power for high vehicle performance level …” „… World Drive in simulations. This is a comparatively efficient 8AT design with a P3 system, using fixed …” „… e-drive system from the MPT kit, the output of a high-performance I4 combustion engine can not only be …”

W. Guo, M. Jordan, X. Xu The application of fast and efficient clutch coordination control in a P2 hybrid automatic transmission S. I-465-I-484

„… controlled according to the requirement of the hybrid drive mode. Because the system should support vehicle …” „… Xiangyang. A Study on the Method for Precise Controlling of the AT Shift Control System[J]. International …” „… electric oil pump. The transmission gear system is composed of three planetary gearsets (PG1-PG3), four …”

K.-P. Fritsch Industry 4.0 in the automatic transmission production S. I-397-I-412

„… automatic transmission (standard, four wheel driven, hybrid, plug in hybrid), ZF benefits from a globally …” „… makes sense on the basis of standardized system architecture for I4.0 technologies. Selected projects …” „… processes. The flexibility of a system is given, for example, if it is possible, to clamp geometrically …”

C. Danzer, T. Voigt, T. Günther, R. Tröger From fleet requirements to optimized Dedicated Hybrid Powertrains S. I-269-I-284

„… , P0- and P2- Hybrid systems. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 2018 281 4.4. Sensitivities of the fleet system …” „… and energy storage system. Under the general conditions of increasing vehicle derivatives, specific …” „… , presents a subsequently derived drive strategy based on a combustion engine as the basic concept in …”

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41. Internationales Wiener Motorensymposium 22.-24. April 2020

Bernhard Geringer (ed.), Hans-Peter Lenz (ed.)

Series: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Volume 813 2020

Results in this title

H. Kitadani, R. Kaneda, S. Mizoguchi, Y. Shinohara, J. Takeuchi Der neue 1.5 Liter Benzinmotor aus der TNGA (Toyota New Global Architecture) Reihe /The New 1.5 L Gasoline Engine from the TNGA (Toyota New Global Architecture) Series S. I-71-I-97

„… conventional engine is using direct injection system with the same 6-hole high pressure injector as 2.0 L …” „… engine. Direct injection pump has supplied the wide system pressure between 2.4 and 20 MPa for various …” „… developed HV system with the current powertrain. 4.3 CVT control strategy The Direct shift CVT has been …”

M. Alt, F. Gouzonnat, P. Ramminger, R. Matthe, L. K. Cloos Die Multi-Energy Platform des Opel Corsa: rein elektrisch, Benzinoder Dieselantrieb /The Multi Energy Platform of the Opel Corsa: Pure Electric, Gasoline or Diesel Propulsion S. I-203-I-224

„… , electrical all-wheel-drive systems and of course pure Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs). Usage and cost will …” „… . With the new generation of the Opel Corsa, we are offering pure electric drive as well as very refined …” „… building cars, there is still a competition of technologies for the most efficient propulsion system. The …”

K. Hwang, C. Yu, B. Min, Y. Kim, D. Lee, K. Ha, D. Chae, J. Yi Der neue Smartstream 1.0L DI-Turbo Ottomotor von Hyundai-Kia/The New Hyundai-Kia's Smartstream 1.0L Turbo GDi Engine S. I-121-I-150

„… effectively. The direct gasoline fuel injection system with a high pressure of 350 bar improves the …” „… . To meet stringent particulate emission legislation, the 350 bar direct injection system is applied …” „… - - 23 - 5. Development of Direct Fuel Injection System Particulate emissions, as well as traditional …”

K. Togai Verhalten eines geschlossenen Regelkreises bestehend aus einem Antriebsstrang und einer menschlichen Steuerung und der Standpunkt einer Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle (HMI) /Behavior of Closed Loop Con... S. II-477-II-487

„… response. Fig. 1 A Driver as a controller in a vehicle system A Human is not as quick in response as an …” „… and a control system which include a human driver with 0.5 seconds dead time is shown in figure 3 …” „… . 4.2 Powertrain response properties compensation A drive by wire system, in which the accelerator has …”

N. Molden, J. Hobday, R. Lofthouse Absicherung der Einhaltung der Emissionsgrenzwerte durch unabhängige Testorganisationen /Managing Reputation and Emissions Compliance through Independent Testing S. II-402-II-414

„… . Beyond the direct question of vehicle compliance, the health of the certification system must be …” „… Without independent testing the risk of systemic failure of a regulatory system can be high. Independent …” „… analysis by fuel type, for example, can help identify systemic issues such as the gaming of the system to …”

R. Golisano, V. Rampino, A. Vassallo, N. P. Sacco, L. Magro, G. D'Aurizio, S. Trimboli, A. G. Marino, V. Biasin, I. Zallio, R. Vernassa, J. Wartha, D. Kaminski Der neue General Motors 1.5 Liter Diesel 3-Zylinder-Motor/The New General Motors 1.5 Liter Diesel 3-Cylinder Engine S. II-149-II-185

„… . 4.2 Reciprocating components with crank offset Piston-rod-crank is a key system with direct impact on …” „… system is on the engine front side and it’s made of a primary chain that drives the exhaust camshaft and …” „… secondary timing drive system from front side – wet belt layout (right image). 6. Lubrication and …”

E. Kimura, K. Aikawa, D. Yasuda, H. Saeki, T. Brachmann, S. Barth Herausforderung einer nachhaltigen Dekarbonisierung des Mobilitatssektors und der Gesellschaft: Honda's Multi-Pathway Konzept mit elektrifizierten Antriebstechnologien Challenge for Sustainable Carbon... S. I-151-I-170

„… is mainly by our unique 2motor hybrid system that called as Intelligent Multi Mode Drive “i-MMD” with …” „… , compared with conventional powertrain. This system has 3 modes of “EV drive mode”, “Hybrid drive mode …” „… . Fig.16 Drive modes of Honda 2 motor hybrid system i-MMD Not only electrification technology R&D …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-I-I-X

„… ), Wien. Keywords: New Otto and Diesel Engines – E-Drives – Platform / Logistics – New & Optimized …” „… Engines – Zero Impact Emission Concepts – CO2 Neutral Mobility – Automotive Batteries – Hybrid / E-Drives …” „… USB flash drive contains the presentations in their original language, i.e., German or English. In …”

J. Kolling Die Rolle von Kooperationen fur die BMW Group/The Role of Cooperations for the BMW Group S. I-433-II-X

„… architecture that allows customers to order their preferred vehicle with different drive systems: petrol …” „… einen 800 V Achsantrieb als Maßnahme zur Erhöhung der Systemeffizienz Increased System Efficiency by …” „… : Brennstoffzelle: Systemintegration mit Zellkompetenz Fuel Cell: System Integration Based on In-Depth Cell …”

N. Andrisani, F. Contarin, A. Lorenzon, M. Nencioni, M. Scassa, F. Mallamo, T. Korfer, H. Busch Innovative Ventiltriebe als Beitrag zur Erfullung zukunftiger Emissionsanforderungen im Stadtbetrieb /Novel Valvetrain Design as Enabler for Compliance with Upcoming Stringent Emission Demands in Urba... S. I-285-I-310

„… Lower fuel consumption and reduced emissions are the main drivers for the development of new …” „… system are highly attractive. In order to allow the usage of cylinder deactivation as soon as possible …” „… system capable of cam profile switching down to engine temperatures well below the given minimum Euro 6 …”

M. Bell, S. Kollamthodi, N. Hill, A. Greaney Die „Net-Zero-Herausforderung“ - Auswirkungen der Lebenszyklusanalyse auf Antriebssystemtechnologien, Lieferketten und die regulatorische Landschaft /The Net Zero Challenge - Life Cycle Impacts on Pro... S. I-171-I-190

„… considering the potential evolution of impacts to 2050 (future scenarios are based on previous system-wide …” „… Zero Challenge – Life Cycle Impacts on Propulsion System Technologies, Supply Chains & the Regulatory …” „… the end of 2026. These policy drivers, and the related increasing deployment of low carbon fuels and …”

R. Schlögl Kohlenstoff als zukünftiger Energieträger/Carbon as a Future Energy Carrier S. II-90-II-113

„… biomass serving as carbon sink and not as energy storage system or by direct air capture, an inherent …” „… the broader view on the most system-adequate options for providing the energy needed for mobility …” „… quickly (within a decade) reduces the system-wide emissions and strongly reduces the dependence on oil …”

D. Song, W. Happenhofer, Z. Yuan, Y. Cui, Z. Zhang, D. Wang 1,5 T - Modulare Motorplattform mit hoher Effizienz/1.5T High Thermal Efficiency Modular Engine Platform S. II-186-II-201

„… , the new generation engine has reoptimized the design of combustion system and in cylinder direct …” „… system. The hybrid version adopts low pressure EGR[9] technology to reduce knock tendency, as a result …” „… upgraded engine applied 350bar GDI system, self-developed second generation CVVL, lowinertia turbocharger …”

Z. J. Sroka, Z. Sadlak Einhaltung der CO2-Emissionsnormen als Herausforderung für eine thermische Aktivierung der Verbrennungskammern in Verbrennungsmotoren /CO2 Emission Standards as a Challenge for the Thermal Activation ... S. II-512-II-543

„… customer accepting all these financial discounts uses the electric drive depending on its convenience, the …” „… internal combustion drive after paying the ecological penalty is already using its properties with a …” „… „clear conscience”. Maybe this system saves the economic balance of producers and the image of …”

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ELIV 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2357 2019

Results in this title

T. Grasshoff, O. Tamm Efficiency Advantages of SiC in Electric Drive Train Applications S. 169-176

„… IGBT(+FWD)based solutions, an Electric Drive System was developed for a premium BeV with 300kW peak power …” „… values. The module’s and system’s parasitic inductances cause voltage spikes due to the …” „… direct contact systems such as pressure contacts, offer a suitable solution that brings out the best in …”

K. Bader, V. Knaup, S. Schneider Multilateralism at its best: A blockchain-based platform enabling data sharing, monetization and service differentiation in the automotive industry S. 333-346

„… management system. By documenting the status of a driver’s consent on the blockchain, it can always be …” „… system for vehicle drivers: Vehicle drivers are increasingly conscious about their generated data and …” „… such data. An integrated consent management system where vehicle drivers are in full control of their …”

F. Graf, S. Baensch, T. Knorr, D. Ellmer, C. Marechal 48 Volt High Power: Electric Drive for Excellent CO2 Emissions & Electric Driving Features S. 153-168

„… test cycle but also in real-life operation. Results from Continental's 48V ECO-Drive System have …” „… so-called Px hybrids, which are obtained by integrating the 48V drive system into the gearbox or a hybrid …” „… features. Therefore, the 48V electric drive system has to be consequently designed towards high power …”

M. Kremer, M. Kreutz, M. Luxen, S. Christiaens ADAS/AD Systems: Efficient Testing & Validation – From data acquisition to data analytics S. 21-30

„… Europe GmbH, Aachen Abstract Highly and fully automated driver assistance systems place new …” „… developments VDI-Berichte Nr. 2357, 201922 Intelligent data collection for autonomous vehicles System Overview …” „… context, Fig. 2 depicts an exemplary system overview of an autonomous vehicle. Fig. 2: Possible Vehicle …”

G. Mabire Trucks as the drivers of connectivity-based innovation – What the passenger car sector can learn from the experience already gained in trucks today S. 275-282

„… Trucks as the drivers of connectivity-based innovation What the passenger car sector can learn …” „… storage of drivers’ hours of service and vehicle speed data. In addition, connectivity-based services …” „… vehicle functionality. Many of these functions are driven by the desire to offer increased vehicle comfort …”

P. Griefnow, J. Andert, M. Engels, J. Richenhagen, D. Jolovic Holistic Energy Management of 48V Mild Hybrid Vehicles S. 127-138

„… to the operating strategy. While system complexity as well as dynamic interactions take rule-based …” „… domains of the 48V system, thus wasting valuable potential. A holistic energy management that optimally …” „… the operating strategy. Together with a high system complexity, dynamic boundary conditions and …”

F. Rennig, J. Barthel, M. Sanza, D. Tagliavia CAN FD Light – A novel communication bus supporting digitalization and customization of automotive lighting for the broad market S. 567-580

„… software drivers in the AUTOSAR operating system. The well-known CAN FD protocol provides all these …” „… control unit hosting the light source (LED, OLED) as well as the LED/OLED Driver IC. The CAN FD Light …” „… all relevant CAN FD protections and safety measures to make the bus system easily ASIL B compliant …”

Y. Chazal, A. M. Hein, S. Boutin System of systems structured data for mobility services S. 293-306

„… System of systems structured data for mobility services Yann Chazal, Renault, Paris, France; Dr …” „… make its business work. 2 A system of systems structured data model for mobility service …” „… development The system of systems structured data model aims at addressing these challenges and supporting …”

P. Gesner, F. Kirschbaum, F. Landenberger, J. Scheiffele, L. Morawietz, B. Bäker Modeling and identification of electrochemical energy storage for drive train development – Review and evaluation S. 101-114

„… (SoC) and state of health (SoH) [2]. On a system level of the drive train, the behavioral models are …” „… allow any direct conclusions on the physical system and thereby complicate the expansion towards global …” „… cost-efficient development of drive train systems with lithium-ion batteries (LIB) is often achieved by using …”

L. Krauß, E. Kögler, M. Bayer, S. Wiechmann, M. Worch, M. Mohamad Development of the Cockpit-UI/UX of the Taycan in an Agile Way – Less is More S. 67-78

„… ), can easily be set up on the central screen via direct access. The driver can quickly access all apps …” „… involved in the "Cockpit and Infotainment System Experience” from the areas of Technology & Function and …” „… 1948: Openness, purism, clear architecture, driver orientation and suitability for everyday use. The …”

S. Wagner, F. Wüst, S. Trampert, F. Sehr, A. Middendorf, O. Wittler, M. Schneider-Ramelow Condition monitoring for failure monitoring of power electronic assemblies S. 115-126

„… inherent to the system that is sensitive to the aging process is constantly monitored (Fig. 1a). The second …” „… / external load System Parametershift Failure Sensor System Model Condition Evaluation a) environmental impact …” „… / external load System Parametershift Failure Monitoring Structure Monitoring Circuitry Condition Evaluation …”

A. Magnuson Going from an Electronic Unit Centric Development to Application Software Centric Requires a Different Architecture Mindset in Automotive S. 239-254

„… applications. In addition, the environmental impact drives the need to reduce fossil fuel usage by introducing …” „… energy/power balancing, assist a driver to manually operate vehicles effectively in combination with various …” „… has been a structural element known as Electrical Distribution System (EDS). EDS had a focus on how …”

R. Pfeffer, N. Ahn Potential of Training Neural Networks Using Virtual Environments S. 365-374

„… by advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS), Marin et al. showed how a virtual environment can …” „… significantly. Developers of advanced driver assistance systems and automated driving functions in particular …” „… benefit from this – especially in the development of autonomous driving functions and advanced driver …”

S. Acharya, M. Gardner, S. Herz, C. Hosner, F. Lesbroussart Building a Standardized Data Pipeline from the Cloud to All In-Vehicle ECUs and Sensors – A New Opportunity for the Connected Car S. 307-318

„… robustness, but infotainment system and OTA capabilities were usually isolated from other in-car technical …” „… all connected devices. Adding and removing features, or even devices, becomes a direct and easily …” „… devices must be ensured before an OTA pipeline can be used to update the ADAS or Safety System domains …”

K. L. Barbehön, O. Müller, D. Knobloch The Future of Digital Car Access – Service Potentials and Ecosystem Challenges S. 359-364

„… mechanical key to electronic identification devices, adding security and comfort to the system. In 2015 BMW …” „… . Personalization to the actual driver is a key benefit of Digital Keys. BMW recognized the potential of such a …” „… security and user experience. To build a sustainable system, which fulfils the requirements of modern car …”

R. Schmidt-Clausen, U. Reder, R. Lange On modern automotive software development – Forever stuck in the middle? S. 353-358

„… and a perceived direct competition and comparison with the smartphone industry. Introduction A lot …” „… has been said and written about the current change in the Automotive Industry, one major driver of …” „… is going wrong right now? Initially software in the car has been largely driven by simple and …”

A. Kashyap, A. Gendron-Hansen, D. Sdrulla, B. Odekirk The Transition of EV Applications from Silicon to Silicon Carbide – Helping the power electronics design community overcome reliability challenges for EV applications that use silicon carbide S. 177-188

„… A 20–30 minutes Direct Charging Current >60 kW 400–500 V DC 100–125 A 10 minutes Direct Charging …” „… is a stringent ruggedness test that drives a high current density while the device is in avalanche …” „… size of SiC dies drives the thermal resistance up. To counterbalance this increase, thin dies and thin …”

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ELIV 2024

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2441 2024

Results in this title

L. Eisemann, L. Toettel, T. Watzl, T. K. Rupp, J. Schaper Using Large Language Models to generate critical driving situations for virtual and hybrid ADAS/AD testing S. 265-280

„… ® is referenced to one Open-DRIVE® file. The so-called actors are placed in a coordinate system that is …” „… LLM-generated OpenSCENARIO® necessary. Hence, the roadId is fixed inthe system prompt to enable the direct …” „… demonstratedinconsistencies in the lane coordinate system. In OpenDRIVE®, lane IDs should be negativeand decrease further with …”

P. Dreiseitel, R. Grewe Quo vadis Vision Zero – Can AI help us to make our vision come true? S. 41-52

„… decision making for road design, AI-based driver assistance systems, and predictive maintenance for early …” „… detection of technical defects. As a supplier of Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), we see AI-based …” „… . VDI-Berichte Nr. 2441, 202442Due to the data-driven strategy of AI systems, the design of data sets is critical …”

M. Peter LightOpen – a cloud-based lighting personalization service S. 167-178

„… advancements primarily focused on enhancing road safety and driver comfort. Today's automotive lighting systems …” „… lighting configurations, allowing drivers to express their individuality and enjoy a more tailored driving …” „… these trends, the convergence of lighting, cloud technology, and sensor-driven intelligence will play a …”

M. Münzer, S. Zhang, C. Bauer, D. Graovac Boosting vehicle range by mating semiconductor technologies S. 477-482

„… driver for 800V systems in BEVs. To partially compensate lower efficiency of these higher voltage …” „… . IntroductionDuring the development of an electric powertrain for BEVs (battery electric vehicles) system designers …” „… semiconductor technologies is done by calculating system cost savings. 2. Fusion switch design and control …”

W. Steinmann, B. Sondermann Biometrics and sensor fusion for enhanced in-cabin safety and comfort Reducing complexity and increasing possibilities through a holistic approach to in-cabin monitoring S. 327-342

„… automotive technology has driven significant changes in the architecture of electronic control systems in …” „… those involving advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS). In response to this complexity, the …” „… , e.g. the infotainment system. 3. Enhanced Sensor Fusion: Centralized systems enable advanced sensor …”

K. Brand, T. Tang, D. Selvaraj A New Era for Software Verification: Heterogeneous Multicore Compute With Model-Based Design and Virtual ECUs S. 437-452

„… , heterogeneous system-on-chips (SoCs) with highly parallel specialized hardware acceleration are required to …” „… . Automotive Software Development Flows Model-Based Design flows often follow a system-to- implementation flow …” „… point for the system-level design. This captures the system requirements and behaviors of the control …”

N. Haegele Managing the complexity of joint steering, braking and powertrain coordination in emerging vehicle E/E architectures S. 141-150

„… system’s flexible deployment capabilities on both cross-domain and centralized E/E architectures, thanks to …” „… , steering, powertrain and suspension systems on a functional software level, enabling direct control of the …” „… approach in which the characterizing functionality and behavior of vehicles is predominantly driven by …”

V. Lizenberg, F. Specka, J. Hauenstein, M. Mayer Using Simulation in the Development of V2X Applications CarMaker V2X Interface and Local Hazard Warning S. 233-242

„… drivers can hereby be provided with optimal solutions for different traffic situations by means of the …” „… production of Volkswagen Golf 8 [13] [14]. Based on direct ad-hoc communication, this V2X application is …” „… responsible for notifying the driver about the type of and distance to various hazard events, such as …”

L. Hettich, J. Stümpfle, M. Weyrich Testing Variant-Rich Software-Defined Mobility Systems Methods, Future Challenges and Innovative Concepts S. 243-256

„… real-world variant-rich software systems Variant-rich SW System Feature Count Valid Variants VW Body Comfort …” „… distance metric requires system-specific knowledge and is thus performed manually by experts. Khoshmanesh …” „… International Conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems: Companion Proceedings (pp. 1-10 …”

C. Wiegand, F. Sontheim, J.-E. Stavesand, A. Amoroso, S. Rößner The Path to Virtual Homologation Aspects of the necessary framework for product safety in ADAS/AD S. 117-126

„… recent past. The core problem lies in the system-immanent fact that only approximate solutions exist for …” „… systems can only be carried out using statistical methods at the system level. Against this backdrop …” „… calibration of HIL systems to ensure that the test system delivers valid and reproducible results, which is …”

T. Schäfer, J. Kottig, D. Macke Generative AI based GUI reconfiguration using Natural Language Processing Leveraging the benefits of small and local LLMs S. 359-378

„… possible to investigate the model itself, too, after the system-prompt and the input from the user have …” „… trained with more than 1025 floating point operations is to be classified as an AI system with systemic …” „… application of GenAI and present a novel system that leverages GenAI to change the design of an instrument …”

F. Ozog Bring TSN cloud native support to SDV architectures S. 179-212

„… various environments including ones with Linux as the Operating System, its usage in cloud native …” „… system give application such visibility of entire ports. On the other hand, [6] XDP allows a Linux kernel …” „… and enhance security of direct access to packet queues and enhance performance of cloud, virtual ports …”

K. Szelechowicz, K. A. Rösler AI in Traffic: New Dimensions of Vehicle Intelligence New method for optimizing traffic flow through AI-based implementation of real-world traffic data from other road users S. 81-92

„… contribution to the development of future advanced driver assistance systems and the continuous integration of …” „… limits. This method could also contribute to the development of new advanced driver assistance systems …” „… , which are highly relevant for the development of future advanced driver assistance systems. In the past …”

S. Zimmermann, W. Lenders, T. Lian Abt, M. Kuhn, P. Weber, A. Ganser Building and scaling a machine learning platform to unlock AI in connected car services S. 29-40

„… stakeholders, other software systems within the BMW Connected Drive area and customers, the model needs to be …” „… – Monitoring and observability) is utilized to monitor system and data science metrics of Generative AI systems …” „… such a platform is crucial for the success of BMW Connected Drive Services that are based on AI logic …”

A. Bachmann, A. Matarage Electric vehicles in 2024. Current UX challenges and concepts for the coming decade S. 379-394

„… prompt a different set of rights and rules coming from the system (e.g. drive, (back) passengers and …” „… adoption and use on these systems are heavily reliant on the system’s ability to really and VDI-Berichte Nr …” „… combustions engine (ICE) drivers not to switch to an electric vehicle. Particularly the last two years have …”

F. Cigarini Mapping the Future Role of Electric Vehicles as Energy Storage Systems: A Comprehensive Study on Current Market Trends and Future Projections for AC and DC Bidirectional Charging Detailed Review of Ma... S. 491-504

„… between alternate current (AC) and direct current (DC) [5]. Depending on whether this conversion occurs …” „… alternate current (AC) to direct current (DC) when charging the EVs and back to AC when feeding the current …” „… charging station, which feeds direct current to the EV battery and alternatecurrent to the home or grid …”

T. Liedtke, R. Messnarz TARAs Performed on Different Levels of the Supply Chain – Experiences Based on Real Example ESLF Insights into Applying ISO/SAE 21434:2021 in Automotive Cybersecurity S. 541-552

„… ) and the direct systematic derivation of cybersecurity requirements will be discussed. 3 OEM level …” „… (ESLF), we demonstrate the interaction between system- and software-level risk assessments, emphasizing …” „… requirements (e.g. system, software, or hardware). A chain of step-by-step identification and analysis …”

A. Vickers, P. Fintl, D. Hughes, M. Roberts From Niche to Mainstream: Harnessing Generative AI for Automotive Excellence. GenAI is not Enough! S. 67-80

„… searches on. Figure 3 - Structure of a Hybrid AI driven Document Analysis system for regulated …” „… decision-making across automotive processes. Applications such as digital factories, driver assistance systems …” „… knowledge, to produce hybrid systems that blend the best of both worlds. For example, an AI system for …”

J. Richenhagen, M. Engelhard, J. Jeub, S. Kriebel, A. Kugler Speeding up Generative-AI in Software-Defined Vehicles S. 13-28

„… o s it io nFeature- DrivenSystem DesignFu n c tio n a l re q u ire m e n tsin in fo rm a tio n a …” „… , https://arxiv.org/html/2312.09397v1, last view 2024/08/28 [9] “Feature-driven systems engineering procedure for …” „… ), largely driven by limitations in computational power and unmet expectations. However, AI’s potential …”

G. Schmitt, F. Fitzek, M. Gruffke Automotive Vehicle Connectivity 2030 S. 157-166

„… leveraging 5G with full continuity of services for network and direct communications” is possible. From a …” „… adoption of 5G-V2X. They have explicitly outlined and announced their support for 5G-V2X direct …” „… , especially including vulnerable road users, and improving overall mobility efficiency and driver comfort …”

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