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Commercial Vehicles 2021

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2380 2021

Results in this title

T. Schulz, S. Herrmann Data-driven selection of vehicle variants for the E/E integration test – Increasing variants and complex technology versus test coverage S. 81-96

„… Data-driven selection of vehicle variants for the E/E integration test Increasing variants and …” „… customers, also results in a very large number of variants. This complexity creates challenges for vehicle …” „… variants must be tested and validated. The test strategy for integration and testing is usually …”

D. Morgenweck, M. Großmann, W. Fakler, M. Lamke, F. Bitzer ZF E-Mobility products and software for commercial vehicles S. 1-16

„… between the central ZF control unit and the vehicle is identical for all drive variants. This also …” „… eTrailer CV segment Bus, MCV 26 t LCV < 7,5 t Bus 26 t Semi-Trailer 40t Type BEV Central drive …” „… BEV Central drive BEV Axle drive e-Trailer Hybrid / Range- Extender Electric motor type …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-X

„… , Austria Data-driven selection of vehicle variants for the E/E integration test – Increasing variants and …” „… � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �43 J. Ebert, Cornelia Keller-Ebert, Ebertconsulting GmbH, Köln eDrive & Fuel Cell powertrain systems …” „… transport missions using virtual drives� � � � � � � � � � � � 149 C. Biedinger, T. Halfmann, M …”

O. Treichel Simply connected – The central, configurable control system for full interlinking across systems for trucks,busses and light commercial vehicles S. 271-282

„… . Vehicles have the central purpose to drive from A to B, to transport the driver and the passengers. In …” „… software driven developments, controlling the functions and automating the features of the vehicle. Today …” „… communication. The communication, based on digital protocols, allows the driver, as well as the technician, a …”

L. Matthies, C. Frey Concept study of a commercial vehicle suspension with optional electric machines S. 167-178

„… electrification of vehicles. Conventional combustion engines are currently replaced by electric drives. At the …” „… an electric machine, as there is no connecting corridor through which drive shafts can be guided to …” „… in a technical manner. In the variant shown, the air bellows cylinders (8) were moved to the centre …”

H. Ulmer, M. Rothschuh, F. Brinkmann, R. Wascheck, T. Delebinski eDrive & Fuel Cell powertrain systems engineering for commercial vehicles S. 55-72

„… commercialized products, remain the most promising option. BEV variants show higher TCO values, mainly driven by …” „… eDrive & Fuel Cell Powertrain Systems Engineering for Commercial Vehicles Dr. Hubertus Ulmer …” „… drivers of future commercial vehicle designs are customer specific use cases as well as Total Cost of …”

N. Rossel, M. Sommer, E. Sax Automated and networked city buses – Optimized, demand-oriented service through intelligent use of data S. 215-228

„… operation of city buses in urban areas. In addition, the potential of new data driven technologies will …” „… doors and HVAC1 control. 1 State of the Art and Motivation for data driven technologies 1.1 …” „… network plan, defined stops and thus a reduced number of variants like you have for city busses. If you …”

L. Heber, J. Schwab, T. Knobelspies Thermoelectric generators for heavy-duty vehicles as an economical waste heat recovery system S. 17-32

„… engines offer a promising alternative drive solution to the dominant diesel units for HDV in long-haul …” „… cycle are VDI-Berichte Nr. 2380, 2021 19 specified as an empty drive (15 t total weight) and under full …” „… ) Further… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2380, 2021 23 Fig. 5 illustrates the TEG variants, as test bench functional …”

K. Feyerabend, A. Goers Towards the standardization of a high speed truck-trailer data connection S. 205-214

„… : Connector images by Ehsnils CC BY-SA 3.0, wikimedia.org © ZF Friedrichshafen AG Industry Drivers of the …” „… cables / variants - Compliance tests Active and passive support of the standardization is welcome …”

T. Mrazek, K. Puchner, D. Übellacker Fatigue development of a 10x10 commercial vehicle frame using dynamic and/or strength simulation, virtual iteration and component testing together with measurement data acquisition S. 73-80

„… account two different body variants with various wheelbases for each body. It was possible to adopt the …” „… , inverse transfer functions can be used to determine excitations (drives) for the simulation. In the case …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023808

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Dritev 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2420 2023

Results in this title

H. Sandquist, E. Barrientos, S. Klacar Systemized Modular Approach for Electric Drive Unit Family Development S. 89-106

„… V BEV front and rear axle.4.1. EDU VariantsThe modular approach discussed in the previous section …” „… efficiency and fun-to-drive attributes are growing in demand as cars are extending into our daily lives of …” „… Methodology, InfiMotion Technology has proposed a family of stand-alone Electric Drive Units (EDUs) with …”

J. Gindele, F. Faistauer The Future of BEV: High Performance Without Compromising Driving Efficiency S. 37-44

„… vectoring capacity 6. Further benefits through complementary drives When comparing the AWD variants …” „… variants considered in the complementary design are superior in efficiency to even 2WD drives by 2-3 …” „… , hybridization have helped to overcome this to some extent. Electric drives show an almost contrary behavior. And …”

S. Yan, P. Piecha, N. Hetzel Virtual Generation of Load Profiles and Spectra for Designing Electrified Vehicles – The influence of software and driving scenarios on powertrain design S. 377-390

„… . The total driven distance was 8.3 km. To focus on the traffic influences, only the vehicle variant …” „… -kollektive für alle spezifischen Antriebsstrangarchitekturen und -varianten so-wie Softwareversionen. Um …” „… Antriebsstrangkomponenten von beispiel-haften Varianten eines Fahrzeugmodells abgeleitet. Diese Varianten weisen …”

P. Geradts, M. Kasten, A. Landvogt Psychoacoustic optimization of the NVH behavior of an eDrive power train – Application of a Targeted Micro Geometry Scatter on Helical Gears to break-up the regularity of the transmission error excita... S. 459-470

„… Psychoacoustic optimization of the NVH behavior of an eDrive power train Application of a Targeted …” „… Drehfehlerrechnungen in Messungen auf einem Teststand für ein eDrive-System untersucht. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2420, 2023 459 …” „… in purely electrically driven vehicles with the elimination of the masking benefits of the internal …”

D. Schweigert, B. Morhard, F. Oberneder, L. Pointner-Gabriel, M. Otto, K. Stahl Speed4E: Simulative and Experimental Results on the Vibration Behavior of a High-Speed Planetary Gearbox S. 441-458

„… improve the vibration behavior of high-speed drives in EVs and provide a deep understanding of the …” „… driven by an induction machine (IM, EM1), whilst sub-transmission 2 (ST2) is driven by a permanent magnet …” „… reference variant represents a balanced design with respect to efficiency and excitation behavior. In …”

M. Gukelberger Magna’s Dedicated Hybrid Drive DHD Duo – a Platformbased two e-Machine System S. 197-204

„… Magna’s Dedicated Hybrid Drive DHD Duo – a Platform-based two e-Machine System Marc Gukelberger …” „… feasible, primarily due to the lack of energy and infrastructure op-tions. Even in China, hybrid drives are …” „… drives and internal combustion en-gines. The Chinese Road Map 2.0 specifies target values for fuel …”

A. Freiburg Virtual development – optimized E-Drive selection by system simulation S. 73-88

„… Virtual development – optimized E-Drive selection by system simulation System model based on …” „… Varianten aus der Systemsimulation führt zu einer optimalen Lösung für unseren Kunden. Abstract Challenge …” „… validation The complexity of an E-Drive system is further increasing by adding sustainability requirements …”

C. Mohr Acoustic Optimization of Electric Powertrains from a Vehicle Level Perspective S. 471-XVI

„… of predefined limit curves in the development of drives for completely new vehicle concepts is not …” „… without its limits. A closer cooperation between manufacturers and drive suppliers is key to achieving a …” „… starting point of the development process is interior noise. If a new drive is to be devel-oped for an …”

S. Kaimer Vehicle Motion Control by Advanced Wheel Torque Management S. 13-20

„… long-standing experience of optimizing 4WD and AWD drives that used to be ICE-based for decades. Currently, a …” „… strong shift towards electric all-wheel drives (eAWD) takes place. eAWD in BEVs becomes much more common …” „… power output. Secondly, placing two separate e-drives on the front and rear axle is easier than …”

R. Fehrenbacher, P. Duck, K. Bause Ways to increase sustainability by expanding product development processes for vehicles using the example of a hybridized automated transmission S. 411-424

„… with several variants, e.g., to enable individualizations such as different drive types in different …” „… performance classes, which can exist on the market in parallel over time. Since these variants can be adapted …” „… to changing boundary conditions over time, versions of these variants can be created with the help of …”

S. Ott, A. Braumandl, K. Bause Product-Production-CoDesign of Electric Traction Motors with Model-Based Systems Engineering S. 61-72

„… Introduction With the modern world rapidly evolving towards advanced mobility systems, vehicles and their drive …” „… vehicles, their drive systems, communication systems, and infrastructure systems, collaborate to provide …” „… seamless mobility services to the users. Drive systems are a critical subsystem of the mobility system with …”

C. Reumüller, M. Sedlmair, M. Hein, A. Damm Transformation from conventional to electric powertrains Challenges in testing mechatronic shifting systems S. 359-376

„… is currently in a far-reaching transformation process. Driven by planned bans on vehicles with …” „… in a far-reaching transformation process. Driven by planned bans on vehicles with internal combustion …” „… example to disable 4-wheel-drive [2] for reducing drag torque in cruise mode or to connect an e-axle in a …”

C. Gropp Leading sustainable transportation: Bringing our vision to the road S. 1-12

„… driver causing an increasing amount of 42,2 Gt CO2 emissions per year. Transportation (including planes …” „… had start of production with more variants and a modular battery design, serving multiple markets. In …” „… ). Another huge driver is the local availability of green energy. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2420, 2023 5 Fig. 6 …”

T. Hofman, J. Van Kampen, O. Borsboom Electric Mobility Design – From Powertrain Components to Vehicle Fleet Optimization S. 391-410

„… together with the same drive towards our mutual goal of accelerating the energy and mobility transition …” „… , e-drive, and gearbox system), we focus at a lower-coupled system level on understanding how to develop …” „… variants in the fleet. Fig. 2: Electrification of powertrains for different vehicle applications …”

T. Schneider, K. Völkel, K. Stahl Failure Characteristics of Wet-Clutches in Limited Slip Differentials S. 307-324

„… modern drive systems, replacing reactive or preventive maintenance with condition-based maintenance. For …” „… Failure The investigation will begin by identifying the cause of failure in the friction system variants …” „… Research Association for Drive Technology e.V. (FVA)/Research Association for Combustion Engines e.V. (FVV …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024201

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PIAE EUROPE

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

2020

Results in this title

S. Bürger, T. Voigt, A. Kaplangiray Haptic structures of interior decorative bezels in the new Ford Puma utilizing the three-dimensional overlay method (TOM) S. 281-294

„… Analytical design In order to secure a two-cavity mold for the driver-side decorative bezel, two variant …” „… condition of minimizing variant-specific investments. 3. Technical implementation 3.1 Presentation of …” „… components known from the Fiesta for the driver and front passenger side decorative bezels. Instead of the …”

325 Group Renault Plastic Material Vision for New Mobility Trends S. 311-332

„… asks the new question to chemists. Plastic materials will be exposed to the effects of multi-drivers …” „… range of spring rates suffices to form the variants. Fig. 4 shows the behavior of the lower and upper …” „… individual rates, human assessment by the test driver is particularly necessary. This is the only way that …”

A. Schmitz The all-new MAN high-roof cab: epoxy-sandwich RTM – simulated using FEM and crashed under real conditions S. 61-76

„… placed in the driver's seat (unlike the car test where the dummy is inside the vehicle during the crash …” „… that variant calculations with the associated lead time for networking can be delivered much faster …”

T. Stier, N. Lammert, C. Heinz, N. Unger Additive manufacturing based on screw extrusion: machines, material and applications in the automotive industry S. 181-196

„… and to equip the component under construction with additional functions. For this purpose, the drive …” „… , production flexibility is increased, enabling economical production of product variants. Overall this …” „… . This is important because the bottleneck in variant production and lean production will not be in …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023693

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International Conference on Gears 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2422 2023

Results in this title

B. Abert, D. Werner The Influence of Wheel Body Design on Airborne Noise S. 357-366

„… Spectra for two wheel body variantsThe Transmission Errors in Figure 4 are adjusted for the static …” „… detailed analysis of the relevant eigenvalues and eigenmodes.Introduction In recent years, electric drives …” „… high-torque e-machines are larger and more expensive, and therefore lean and compact high-speed drives are …”

W. Wagner, S. Schumann, B. Schlecht The relevance of pinion deflection and twisting for loaded tooth contact analysis of high reduction hypoid gears S. 829-838

„… variants in drive mode. In contrast, the right diagram of Fig. 5 shows the total deformation change in …” „… "free" variants in drive mode. It is noticeable that the maxima and thus the entire contact pattern …” „… (left) and „free“ variant (right) in drive mode 020040060080010001200fixed twisting bending freemax …”

U. Kissling Impact of manufacturing deviations on the NVH behavior of modern gear design concepts S. 367-382

„… be performed to analyze the scatter of these parameters. Different variants of the amplitude, length …” „… and start values are generated. Contact analysis is performed for each variant to calculate the most …” „… ). For every double amplitude 16 wave variants are calculated with 4 different wave lengths and 4 …”

C. Kirchhoff, P. Tenberge Optimization of the vibrational behavior of ZI crossed helical gears with a plastic wheel and a steel worm S. 1419-1434

„… the primary drive trains of automobiles, so that the minimization of noise emissions from secondary …” „… drives has become a priority. Crossed helical gears with steel worm and plastic wheel are often used in …” „… such secondary drives because they allow a high transmission ratio in a compactly built gearbox stage …”

A. Wallinger, R. Vonderschmidt, S. Vonderschmidt Lubricant Free Transmissions for the food industry – A Comparison S. 715-726

„… components often require lubrication. One route of entry into the food can be damaged seals in the drives …” „… , stainless steel drives in hygienic design have become more popular in high-quality plants than earlier …” „… challenges for the drive technology. One task for maintenance personnel is to regularly check the drives for …”

J. Vorgerd, P. Tenberge, M. Steinrötter Scuffing load carrying capacity of high-speed gears with an isotropic superfinished surface S. 227-242

„… and sustainable drive systems with a high degree of material utilization, it is necessary to quantify …” „… a closed power loop between a test and a slave gearbox. The power loop is driven by an electric …” „… load capacity tests were carried out with two gear geometries, Tab 1. Both variants are designed to …”

T. Schmidt, B. Neubauer, D. Merk White Etching Cracks (WECs) on gears of E-Axle applications S. 257-268

„… test was driven further with full load but failed with WEC induced pitting and breakage after a very …” „… DIN51819-1: 1-test bearing, 2-spring package, 3-Shaft, 4-bearing housing drive side, 5-bearing …” „… secondary failure of SIF means a risk for an inexact WEC-indication. The risk of SIF is mainly driven by the …”

M. Reichl, P. Lenz, A. Oliva Challenges and possibilities of virtual development of e-axle transmissions S. 485-498

„… , which must be managed and optimized. In addition, the efficiency of the drive system plays a major role …” „… . Introduction There are three main concerns in the development of today's gear drives: load capacity …” „… be set up much faster and the simulation of different geometry variants is also very efficient and …”

I. Hong, D. Talbot Tooth Bending Strain Rate Analysis in a Counter Shaft Drivetrain and Implications on Fatigue Strength S. 53-66

„… which is driven by strain rate dependent plasticity behaviors. This study combs through current …” „… literature and provides an analysis on an example countershaft electric vehicle drive unit to explore what …” „… 55material where ferritic microstructures will be located. Pitting failures are driven by surface …”

S. Sklenak, D. Mevissen, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher, B. Lenz, A. Mehner Analysis of Load Cycles and Local Wear of Dry and Solid-Lubricated Gears S. 727-740

„… drives is limited due to the lubricant properties, for example by hygiene guidelines or high temperature …” „… fluctuations. Solid lubricants are an alternative to liquid lubricants in gear drives. However, the …” „… gear drives, the rolling-sliding contact at the tooth flanks is usually lubricated with liquid …”

M. Vivet, A. Rezayat, J. Verhoogen, K. Kucukcoskun, S. Donders Numerical analysis of bevel gear transmission acoustic emission using a 3D gear contact force model within a multibody system dynamics simulation environment S. 689-702

„… and presented for three spiral bevel gear variants; two that have a normal gear blank design and one …” „… electric drives?”.NVH (noise, vibration, and harshness) performance is seen as a key differentiator since …” „… components and gear pair variants. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 20236923. Spiral bevel gearbox dynamic …”

M. Geitner, S. Preintner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Simulation Study on the Tribological Characteristics in the Meshing Contact in the Context of the Load Carrying Capacity Calculation of Internal Gears with Unbalanced Sliding Conditions S. 429-450

„… consequently. With a normal module of 𝑚 = 4.0 mm, the two variants C below and C above have a comparable size …” „… active profile length of the variants C below and C above are almost identical, but slightly lower …” „… Sliding Assumed within the theoretical investigations, the planet gear drives the ring gear. Consequently …”

J. D. M. Marafona, J. H. O. Seabra, P. M. T. Marques, R. C. Martins Effect of overlap ratio on gear dynamic behavior and noise level S. 1239-1256

„… H951 Driving Driven Driving Driven /- number of teeth 20 30 38 57 /mm normal module 3.5 1.75 …” „… the geometrical parameters of the IOR100 and its variants with their corresponding contact and overlap …” „… ratios. Table 4: Parameters for the IOR100 variants IOR100: 200 175 150 125 100 075 050/- 40 40 40 40 40 …”

S. Ebrahimi, U. Kissling, C. S. Matkovič Evaluation of the NVH Characteristics of Gear Drives with Plastic Gears by the Forced Response Analysis S. 1403-1418

„… Evaluation of the NVH Characteristics of Gear Drives with Plastic Gears by the Forced Response …” „… different schemes. Two variants of the model with different gear material, one with plastic gears and one …” „… torque, as shown in Figure 1. Two variants of the model with different gear materials, one with plastic …”

C. Kunik, J. Kunert Wetting and oil flow analysis of planetary gearboxes using oil flow simulations S. 467-484

„… is one of the most significant factor for every product in drive technology. Therefore, the …” „… ) to analyze the fluid flow and evaluate the power losses for a wide range of gear unit variants in …” „… specific questions in drive technology. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 4671. Introduction Quality and …”

U. Cihak-Bayr, T. Wopelka, C. Wintersteiger Effect of LOL conditions under high velocity and high injection temperatures S. 763-778

„… auch einer Variante mit Superfinish, deren Topographien mittels 3D Messungen bestimmt wurde. Die …” „… encloses the two discs. Each disc is driven by a separate engine, which are connected to the discs via …” „… test-rig engines. Therefore, no general values can be stated. The two engines which drive each disc …”

M. Willecke, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Experimental Investigation of the load carrying capacity of beveloid gears with optimized flank topography S. 125-138

„… Beveloid gears satisfy the relevant need in drive train technology to connect two shafts that are …” „… , a large number of variants must undergo tooth contact analysis through simulations. However, the …” „… high volume of these variants significantly increases the computational time and resources required. [8 …”

A. Beinstingel, F. Haringer, W. Sigmund, M. Heider, B. Pinnekamp, S. Marburg Investigation of Sound and Vibration Behavior of Cylindrical Gears S. 599-618

„… Munich, GermanyAbstractAs technology progresses, the demands placed on drive trains are continuously …” „… elastic foundation support, respectively, build the connection to the adjacent components of the drive …” „… train: ship foundation, propeller shaft and drive motor. On this basis, a full elastic separation is …”

E. Virtanen, M. Kanerva, G. Szanti Fatigue testing of large sized bevel gears S. 897-906

„… of large bevel gear drives, for example those in the marine industry, are sometimes disappointing …” „… in the rig was changed to a variant with a higher viscosity. The change was deemed necessary, as the …”

C. Westphal, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Influence of Axis Misalignments in Stepped Planetary Gear Stages on the Excitation Behavior – Test Rig Development and Simulative Analysis S. 175-190

„… challenges in drive technology. Advantages include in particular the short axial length in conjunction with a …” „… 179the reference variant (without misalignment). Finally, the investigation of an angular offset …” „… axis misalignments as they can be investigated on the test rig. First, a reference variant is simulated …”

S. Sepp, A. Wenig, M. Otto, K. Stahl Acoustical behavior of periodic flank modifications under dynamic operating conditions S. 341-356

„… time-variant force excitation in the tooth contact. The tooth force excitation is calculated according to …” „… gear geometry in Table 1. In terms of microgeometry, two different variants were designed, one with …” „… Research Association for Drive Technology e.V. (FVA); supported partly by the FVA and through the German …”

E. Grabovic, A. Artoni, M. Gabiccini, E. Ciulli Exploration of trade-offs between NVH and efficiency in bevel gear design S. 853-880

„… previous study [21], we demonstrated the benefits of using a sparse formulation variant of [33] to describe …” „… computational efficiency. The computational efficiency Fig. 7: Polynomial ease-off used to drive the …” „… optimization focuses on the operating conditions of the drive side and, as such, the ease-off functions are …”

J. Langhart, S. Ebrahimi, T. Kelichhaus A comparison of time and frequency domain approaches for NVH S. 583-598

„… design variants of a typical EV drive model. The evaluation of the NVH results is done by comparing …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024225

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International Conference on Gears 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2389 2022

Results in this title

J. Theling, M. Willecke, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Influences on the Excitation Behavior of Lightweight Planetary Gearboxes S. 421-432

„… Abstract One of the main cost drivers in mechanical engineering is material. In order to reduce costs, but …” „… shafts are used to decouple the intermediate gearboxes from the measurement cell. The sun gear is driven …” „… gear and a helical gear are investigated. The gear data for the two variants can be found in Table 1 …”

M. Furst, J. Gotz, M. Otto, K. Stahl Automation of gearbox design S. 787-802

„… different variants:VAR1 (? 0°), VAR7 (? 45°), VAR8 (?90°). All variants: spline and circlip Fig. 14: Mass …” „… E [23]. Skeleton "Input/output shaft" For drive shafts, the following characteristic arrangement of …” „… are plotted on this shaft in Fig. 12. Variant 1 represents the baseline design according to the …”

M. Weigand Calculation of weight and center of gravity of rotorcraft drive trains in the early design phases – Exploratory study of feasibility and possible approaches S. 999-1004

„… : Templates The first variant uses templates of whole transmissions where the drive train layout ist already …” „… Calculation of weight and center of gravity of rotorcraft drive trains in the early design phases …” „… discussion is driven by new requirements and new mission profiles, e.g. higher forward speed (highspeed …”

N. Hessinger, M. Braunstingl, H. Bansal Advanced use of DOE in gear geometry optimization S. 281-286

„… robustness, meaning the stability of their behaviour, over a matrix consisting of drive and coast operating …” „… base design variant gearset. To depict all possible interactions, the FEA model consists of the …” „… Gear Design Individual gear design variant parameters, such as cutter radius, spiral angle and pressure …”

D. Mevissen, L. Uhlmann, U. Kupper, J. Brimmers, T. Bergs Analysis of friction of bowl-shaped surface structures resulting from alternative gear manufacturing processes S. 1371-1382

„… VariantsIn case of the finishing process of machine hammer peening, the test surface was ground with a …” „… 1.1#31.1VariantsTrim CutsRa / μmMachine: Hommeletamicnanoscan855Topography MeasurementL = 12 mm ; d= 0,5 …” „… reference variant with similar roughness is also tested. In the third step, the changes of surface roughness …”

C. M. Illenberger, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Operating behavior and performance of oil-lubricated plastic gears S. 1117-1132

„… are constantly expanding their areas of application and market share in the field of drive technology …” „… . In contrast to the earlier period when drives in domestic products or aux-iliary drives were mostly …” „… transmitted drive power and the coefficient of friction prevailing in the tooth contact, the lubrication …”

N. Blech, T. Tobie, K. Stahl, C. Guntner, S. Schurer Material influence on mechanical properties of gears with alternative microstructures S. 265-280

„… properties in preceding research work. In a previous publication, the results of three variants made of the …” „… conventional carburizing with subsequent case hardening. The second variant was also gas carburized, but with a …” „… high proportion of retained austenite. The last presented variant had a bainitic structure in the …”

J. Thomas, C. Gosselin, F. Mieth Design, strength calculation by ISO10300 and loaded TCA of forged differential bevel gears S. 157-170

„… „Forschungsvereinigung Antriebstechnik e.V. (FVA)“ VDI-Berichte Nr. 2389, 2022 1571. Introduction Driven axes require a differential gearset to balance the speeds …” „… of the two output axles when cornering. If two driven axles are combined, then another differential …” „… is driven conventionally by a combustion engine or by electric motors, at least as long as each axle …”

L. Maccioni, F. Concli, C. Paschold A Novel Concept of Nested Cycloidal Speed Reducer S. 969-984

„… number of meshing features, i.e. lobes-rollers for cycloidal drive and tooth-tooth for gears [6]. The …” „… variants and operation conditions. For gearing C, the calculation slightly underestimates the measured …” „… , oil, bearing, and tooth bulk for the considered gearing variants. The calculation results for the …”

A. Miltenovic, M. Banic Investigation of the meshing friction heat generation of worm gears and influence of the contact shape S. 803-810

„… of the whole worm gear drive using FEM. For the FEM simulation are chosen referenced geometry given …” „… . Average contact flux has the average values for normal variant is 62919 W/m2. For worm gear variant where …” „… W/m2 and for the variant where contact pattern is shifted in the outlet side is the average contact …”

J. Koenig, D. Kehle, K.-P. Heinzle Investigation of the failure mechanisms of plastic materials with and without fiber reinforcement S. 1269-1280

„… [9]. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2389, 20221270 2. Experimental investigation Test variants As part of this …” „… . The variants are stated in Table 1 and consist of two common non-reinforced materials (POM and PA46 …” „… increase of the Young’s modulus. Table 1: Plastic material variants Name Base material Fiber reinforcement …”

A. Sitzmann, T. Tobie, K. Stahl, S. Hoja, S. Schurer Deep nitriding – contact and bending strength of gears with increased nitriding hardening depth S. 875-890

„… shaft. A three-phase asynchronous engine drives the test rig. [9,13,17] 3.2 Test Gears and Test Variants …” „… carrying capacity as well as the test gears and test variants. The tests are based on the requirements of …” „… connected to a drive gear stage with the same gear ratio. The shaft of the test pinion consists of two …”

W. Wagner, S. Schumann, B. Schlecht Enhanced loaded tooth contact analysis of hypoid gears within a multi-body-system simulation S. 357-370

„… with a significant smaller contact point count. Introduction Gear drives of various power classes are …” „… used in the drive trains of machines and vehicles. Depending on the torque to be transmitted and the …” „… theoretical variant with higher discretisation is shown. The base idea is that only for the boundary sections …”

S. Ebrahimi, J. Langhart, D. Marano NVH calculations for drivetrains, a methodology for selection of the best suitable calculation approach for a specific purpose S. 75-90

„… typical gearbox. Two different variants of gear designs regarding the microgeometry are considered for …” „… this study. These two variants consist of the “best-of-best" (BOB) design, where the modifications lead …” „… between tooth mesh and the structural behavior of the drive train characterizes the noise and vibration …”

J. Vorgerd, P. Tenberge, M. Joop Scuffing of cylindrical gears with pitch line velocities up to 100 m/s S. 903-914

„… pitch line velocity of two gear design variants running at constant temperatures and lubricant …” „… up between a test and a slave gearbox. The shaft system is driven by an electric motor, which only …” „… Unit Variant 1 Center distance a mm 203.3 Rotational speed pinion shaft n1 rpm up to 12,000 Torque load …”

B. Reetz, T. Munch, W. Kappeler Challenges for lead-free brass alloys in worm gears S. 1467-1488

„… flank. Strength against fracture at the tooth root is also very important. In worm drives different …” „… to increasing wear under high loadings. This wear is further driven by the generation of friction …” „… lead-containing and lead-free variants are negligible and in the order of magnitude of the variations that occur …”

P. Rodel, R. Spieler, M. Indenbirken, T. Nuisl Holistic friction optimization of transmissions – a significant contribution for sustainability S. 731-744

„… industrial economy worldwide. Outstanding innovations in power sector, industry, and mobility are driven by …” „… the efforts, being climate friendly the best way possible. This also affects the drive train and …” „… virtual variants can be analyzed and be rated long before the first real prototypes exist. Schaeffler …”

I. Hong, Z. Teaford, A. Kahraman A comparison of gear tooth bending fatigue lives from single tooth bending and rotating gear tests S. 45-74

„… bending fatigue failures are instantaneously catastrophic to gear drive power transmission systems. For …” „… . McPherson and Rao [6] calculated an adjusted normal probability variant to account for the probability of …” „… one tooth failing on a gear of z teeth. This adjusted normal probability variant was then used to …”

H.-J. Dennig, L. Zumofen, A. Kirchheim, S. Winterberg, D. Stierli Increasing the safety against scuffing of additive manufactured gear wheels by internal cooling channels S. 1345-1364

„… , 20221350The simplest variant for the channel course in the tooth is an arch shape. It could also be …” „… to the gear ratios and the given engine power, the pinion is b = 10 mm wide and is driven at 2350 rpm …” „… due to cantilevered positioning in the test rig. z₂ = 24b = 20 mmDriven Gearn₂ = 1567 rpm₂ ₂ = 20 …”

K. Lubke, M. Stein, S. Lin Validation of evaluation algorithms for cylindrical involute gears on coordinate measuring machines – new challenges according to standardization S. 1529-1538

„… variants for evaluations have tremendously increased. Additionally, in 2016 the standard IATF VDI-Berichte …” „… Research Association for Drive Technology (FVA) for supporting this project. Reference [1] VDI/VDE 2610 …”

A. Eric, D. Olveda, T. Froschmeier, V. Schulze Local pitting fatigue concept with EHL simulation for case hardened gears in electrical drives S. 133-144

„… Local Pitting Fatigue Concept with EHL Simulation for Case Hardened Gears in Electrical Drives A …” „… pair with higher surface roughness Both simulation variants reveal good agreement with the actual …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023891

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ELIV 2024

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2441 2024

Results in this title

M. Schaffert Enabling an Open Eco-System for Chiplet based Automotive SoCs Chiplets are the future for automotive SoCs and Road towards first Generations S. 529-540

„… relatively low production volumes for each variant-specific SoC, posing challenges in cost offsetting through …” „… specific automotive applications like Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and In-Vehicle Infotainment …” „… through innovative features, necessitating different hardware variants. This approach results in …”

V. Lizenberg, F. Specka, J. Hauenstein, M. Mayer Using Simulation in the Development of V2X Applications CarMaker V2X Interface and Local Hazard Warning S. 233-242

„… the accident. In contrast to that, in the ‘V2X warning’ variant, the driver is alerted by the DENM and …” „… : Simulation results of LHW scenario variants In case of ‘No V2X’ variant, the ego vehicle driver reacts to …” „… of ‘V2X information’, the driver already reacts to the information. In both latter variants, the ego …”

L. Hettich, J. Stümpfle, M. Weyrich Testing Variant-Rich Software-Defined Mobility Systems Methods, Future Challenges and Innovative Concepts S. 243-256

„… Testing Variant-Rich Software-Defined Mobility Systems Methods, Future Challenges and Innovative …” „… functionalities are available in countless different variants. Further, continuous updates combined with rapid …” „… software development cycles generate a multitude of versions for each variant over time, exponentially …”

K. Brand, T. Tang, D. Selvaraj A New Era for Software Verification: Heterogeneous Multicore Compute With Model-Based Design and Virtual ECUs S. 437-452

„… power usage of Lithium-Ion (Li-ion) battery-driven electric motors. Sensorless operation offers the …” „… of completeness, and the software build now contains many hardware dependent drivers. This introduces …” „… hardware peripherals with optimized drivers with this tooling as part of the code generation step. It fits …”

T. Ost, D. Petanjek, M. Beer Ensuring ADAS functionality during periodic technical inspection ADAS/AD functionalities over a vehicle’s lifetim S. 281-292

„… today for vehicles up to SAE1 level 2 where the driver is responsible to maintain safety. For SAE level …” „… to new technological developments. With the increasing number of vehicles equipped with driver …” „… damage or improper repair work around driver assistance system sensors as part of the general inspection …”

T. Huck, A. Achtzehn When innovation demand meets E/E architecture Further endeavours into next-gen architectural designs S. 395-406

„… Driven by the demands to further reduce costs, vehicle E/E architectures continue to evolve. This happens …” „… vehicles has steadily increased. While a base vehicle requires less than 1 kilowatt to drive its systems …” „… between the boundaries of legacy “not to be touched” ECUs and ECUs that could also be driven from high …”

N. Neis, L. Eisemann, D. Hermann, J. Zhou, L. Toettel From Reality to Simulation: Automatized Transfer and Simulation of Critical Driving Scenarios with Digital Twins S. 453-466

„… Standards ASAM OpenDRIVE® für die Beschreibung von Straßen und ASAM OpenLABEL® und ASAM OpenSCENARIO® für …” „… is presented. Hence, ASAM OpenDRIVE® is selected for the description of roads and ASAM OpenLABEL® and …” „… markings,which are transformed into Lanelet2 [8] format and converted to OpenDRIVE® . In contrast,Zofka et al. [5 …”

C. Lankeit, R. Dorociak, M. Teuber, O. Lüdtke, J. Ziethen Automotive eFuses: Challenges of Today and Solutions for the Future S. 517-528

„… Gaps in the Solutions of Today eFuses do not only consist of a MOSFET and a Gate Driver to switch on or …” „… , even in the event of a system failure. As drivers are no longer in control, the vehicle's system must …” „… data-driven technologies and offers real-time insights into the overall health status of vehicles, a …”

F. Schreiner Managing Reuse and Dependencies of Hardware and Software Components in SDV Architectures S. 407-418

„… the capability to drive down development costs by enabling the efficient reuse of hardware and …” „… software-defined vehicle goes beyond such a technical, implementation driven perspective. Because of the …” „… software parts, in the AUTOSAR Adaptive context often called base support packages (BSPs) or drivers. These …”

N. Haegele Managing the complexity of joint steering, braking and powertrain coordination in emerging vehicle E/E architectures S. 141-150

„… approach in which the characterizing functionality and behavior of vehicles is predominantly driven by …” „… multi-faceted. Primarily, the transition towards SDVs is driven by the need to remain competitive in a rapidly …” „… , driven by the need to meet customer expectations, improved safety, and continuous innovation. The …”

S. Schran, R. Jung, A. Mukherji Recommendations for the practical use of Ethernet Security-Protocols and beyond S. 565-578

„… process vast amounts of data in real-time, particularly from the Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS …” „… increasingly data-driven automotive landscape. Conversely, the introduction of Automotive Ethernet, which …” „… processing power, resulting in escalating costs that ultimately drive-up product prices. In response to this …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIV

„… , WolfsburgTesting Variant-Rich Software-Defined Mobility Systems Methods, Future Challenges and Innovative Concepts …” „… . AI-driven Smart Cabin in SDV enhances vehicle experience 343Gowrishankar S, Muralidhara KV, M. Ghivari, KPIT …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024416

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ELIV-MarketPlace 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2405 2022

Results in this title

G. Seidel, T. Smits, J. Lützner Supplier‘s Perspective of the Truck Architecture Transformation S. 349-358

„… volumes› Longer lifecycle› Higher # of variantsVDI-Berichte Nr. 2405, 2022 353How to make this …” „… transportVerkehrsrundschau, June 2022Up to 80,000 truck drivers missing: Only digitalization will helpHandelsblatt, October …” „… Driver shortages surge, expected tojump up to 40% in 2022IRU, 2022„Who‘s gonna sit on the left seat?“ DER …”

M. Baumann, I Kaiser Credible Simulation – Do you trust your simulation models? S. 137-144

„… sensitivity analysis, based on various metamodeling techniques or direct sampling:GPR and variantsPolynomial …” „… Schutzrechtsanmeldungen.ELIV MarketPlace 2022 - Credible SimulationBosch is teaching the vehicle how to driveFully automated …” „… drivingAutomated parkingHighly automated drivingDriver assistance systemsPartially automated driving9Intern | Bosch …”

V. Horvath, H. Laine, G. Blahut, A. Késmárki, M. Pfeifle Streaming Map Data Efficiently from Cloud to ECUs – A Cost-Efficient and Self-Adapting Solution for Intelligent Speed Assistance S. 239-248

„… advise drivers of current legal speed limits and, if needed, automatically limit vehicle speed. In this …” „… driver distraction, speeding is in the top 3 contributing factors to road deaths in the 21st century. A …” „… connectivity into the vehicle, enabling advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and new location-based …”

M. Thierer Robust control strategies – Approaching parameter uncertainties for traction drive systems and DC/DC-converters in automotive HV applications S. 109-120

„… Robust control strategies Approaching parameter uncertainties for traction drive systems and …” „… Abstract MAHLE develops a high-current inverter for a 48V traction drive system with a continuous power of …” „… results and efficiency in all operating points approaching parameter uncertainties. For the traction drive …”

M. Tanimou, T. Stumpf Centralized Architecture in Commercial Vehicles and its impact on Software defined Architecture S. 403-412

„… , the broad spectrum in commercial vehicle models drives many variants and requires flexible functional …” „… Gateway, CU: Control Unit, DA/AD: Driver Assistance/Autonomous Driving, Info: Infotainment,MIP: Motion …” „… integration platformGatewayPowertraincontrolDriver …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024058

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ELIV 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2423 2023

Results in this title

A. Malvankar, S. Riediger, V. Kumar Konenki, F. Probst, M. Marx, A. Jasoliya, J. Philipp Hake Continuous System Architecture Development for Automated Driving Features S. 307-320

„… and also improve the handling of variant-specific development artefacts along the entire development …” „… automation of driving functions, the software-defined vehicle as an innovation driver, and the continuous …” „… of advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS). The increasing complexity of such vehicle features and …”

F. Mayer, J. Apelt, R. Münzenberger, F. Kraft, C. Winkler Event-Chain-Focused Development of System Architectures Makes Complex Systems Manageable S. 645-662

„… , jitter, or synchronicity, can neither be clearly formulated nor effectively tested. When variant …” „… design methodology has been identified to be one of the most prominent drivers for this …” „… productivity-complexity gap [2], [3]. 1.1 Drivers of Complexity for Automotive Systems In the context of this study, the …”

C. Wilks, J. Roslak New Opportunities with Software Defined Lighting – Appearance drives Emotionalization S. 61-76

„… New Opportunities with Software Defined Lighting – Appearance drives Emotionalization C. Wilks, J …” „… possibilities have long been recognized by OEMs and are particularly driven in the time of LED applications. LED …” „… differentiation of various design variants within a vehicle model. In addition, a new field opens up for novel …”

T. Huck, A. Achtzehn Towards the next step in vehicle E/E architectures S. 185-198

„… rooted in our comprehensive understanding across vehicle system domains and of the non-functional drivers …” „… largely finalized. Only few manufacturers remain with separated setups. The same applies for the driver …” „… segmentation potentials, the redesign for the communication paths needs to be driven together with a redesign …”

H. Bastian An Approach to Digital Lifecycle Management as a Service S. 443-446

„… of variants. In addition to vertical and horizontal complexity, once vehicles are in customers …” „… opportunities. Embracing a standardized approach to managing digital assets across different vehicle variants …” „… are driven by the vision of creating a transformative solution – a DLCM as a Service that transcends …”

O. Schmidt, K. Albers, P. Rehkop, R. Münzenberger Strategically Migrating, Mapping and Scaling Software to new SoC, domain and zone architectures and HPC S. 169-184

„… functionality while reducing hardware costs at the same time drives new E/E architectures. In this paper we …” „… of the driver, but can also depend on the needs and internal tolerances of the implementation of …” „… design variants can be created and compared. This process of optimizing a design is called design space …”

T. Schwendner, M. Schlodder SAE J1939 in AUTOSAR – CAN FD and CAN XL – Achieve Higher Data Rates for J1939 Communication in AUTOSAR S. 635-644

„… implicitly done on the driver level, and, consequently, the SAE recommended padding with AA16 for C-PGs is …” „… 1939Tp needs to support the new J1939-22 variants of the transport protocols BAM and CMDT. In addition …” „… amount of transferred data continues to increase. This is mainly driven by concepts like ADAS and …”

T. Hinzmann Achieving Ubiquitous Connectivity for Future Vehicles S. 331-346

„… congestion. The automotive industry is, therefore, challenged to drive solutions. Ensuring the vehicle …” „… automotive industry is, therefore, challenged to drive solutions. Ensuring the vehicle connected services are …” „… motivation of the vDAS system is that it will turbocharge the connectivity, which is driven by some of the …”

N. Ilg, D. Sisejkovic, P. Duplys Where is Everybody? – Looking for Remote Attacks on Cars in the Wild S. 623-634

„… , 2023 625exploitation of automotive back-end infrastructure shows, money-driven adversaries are already …” „… informed, data-driven decisions about where to invest in cybersecurity. Somewhat surprisingly, to our best …” „… vulnerability (e.g., like prominent malware variants did by exploiting Eternal Blue), it absolutely doesn't …”

U. Bodenhausen How to Become a Leader by Development of AI – ChatGPT Research Papers Analysed S. 281-292

„… similar due to sequential, variant, ambiguous, and complex input patterns. Therefore, a closer look on the …” „… expected to be too variant and too ambiguous for learning from data. For example, the meaning of a sentence …” „… models with hand-crafted rules have for a long time been more performant than data driven, machine …”

B. Budaker Modular High Power DC/DC Platform for FC-Applications S. 711-XVIII

„… variant of our BDC 6 was set to a low-side current of up to 600 A and a high-side voltage of about 800 V …” „… market and the product / technology development, which we continuously drive forward, internally. As …”

O. Meyer, B. Böhlen Mastering the software update complexity of modern vehicles S. 199-210

„… systems and hierarchical part numbering schemes have been derived for them. The numbering scheme drives …” „… determines most of the functionality provided to the driver, it makes sense to develop and sell that software …” „… approach each hardware revision, each service, and each vehicle variant introduced, adds to the number of …”

A. Till, R. Hayton Why Trusted Execution Environments are Critical for Automotive Security S. 599-612

„… explores some of the drivers behind the need for change in security thinking, and why a ‘software defined …” „… than far more common accidents with a driver behind the wheel. Any company aiming to innovate risks …” „… Security Module) and EVITA HSM – together with numerous proprietary or variant solutions. TEEs can be used …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024232

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Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2018

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2328 2018

Results in this title

A. Schmidt, H.-P. Fleischmann Enhancement of a dual clutch transmission kit – AUDI S tronic – Version for All-Wheel Drive, Increase of Torque and HV Electrification S. I-33-I-48

„… variant was subsequently a dual clutch transmission in conjunction with a classic quattro all-wheel drive …” „… transmission is designed in such a way that the front wheel drive variants are coupled to the front axle via a …” „… and quattro transmission variants. 2. Version for All-Wheel Drive and Increase of Torque The …”

G. Hellenbroich, I. Steinberg, J. Ogrzewalla Powershift capable 2-Speed Electric Drive Unit for Light – Commercial Vehicles with Short Time to Market S. I-229-I-238

„… Powershift capable 2-Speed Electric Drive Unit for Light Commercial Vehicles with Short Time to …” „… either power or torque capacity). As a result, FEV has built a 2-speed electric drive unit based on dual …” „… shift strategy software are integrated into the inverter, which serves as the master in the drive …”

M. Hofstetter, D. Lechleitner, M. Hirz, M. Gintzel, A. Schmidhofer Multi-objective gearbox design optimization for xEV-axle drives under consideration of package restrictions S. I-239-I-254

„… Multi-Objective Gearbox Design Optimization for xEV-Axle Drives under Consideration of Package …” „… system, the gearbox represents a linking element between the electric machine and drive shafts to the …” „… to multiple possible motor- and power electronics variants as also versatile system installation …”

M. Bahne, U. Frey, G. Schlager Transmission technology contribution to CO2 roadmap – a benchmark S. I-285-I-304

„… . The third and most powerful variant combines the 7DCT HV with an HV e-drive, placing a high voltage …” „… , conventional drivetrain variants will also continue to play an important role for automotive manufacturers …” „… AWD e-Drive as a P4 hybrid. In this context, Magna and GETRAG have focused on the analysis of …”

N. Dudin, S. Ott, A. Albers, R. Misch, T. Rochlitzer Virtualizing validation processes of electrified powertrain generations S. II-47-II-72

„… . The first variant of is . It features a conventional all-wheel drive powertrain topology. Here, a …” „… software-driven ones with an ever growing share of inhouse developed software code [Stadler 2017]. As a result …” „… sharing across product generations and variants present new opportunities for the virtualization of …”

I. Andrasec, B. Jeitler AVL’s future hybrid X mode – A modular transmission family concept S. I-211-I-228

„… Varianten können auf einer einzelnen Montagelinie gefertigt werden, was die Produktionsinvestition niedrig …” „… hält. Dabei ist das Hauptgetriebe in allen Varianten enthalten (was einen hohen Anteil von …” „… werden. Das bewirkt uneingeschränkte Flexibilität zwischen den modularen Varianten. VDI-Berichte Nr …”

K. Bennewitz, A. Mann Powertrain electrification exemplified by the VW Golf S. II-135-II-168

„… electrification. It features an electric drive developed as well as produced in-house. In combination with a …” „… basis for a global high-volume application, the Modular Electric Drive Kit (German: “Modularer …” „… entire chain from fuel production to the driven wheel (well-to-wheel), alternative fuels are suitable …”

M. Kneißler, R. Welter, M. Baumann Entry hybridization of manual transmission drivetrains – A review of P0/P1 structures with an automated clutch S. I-305-I-322

„… and just allow to compete with a manual transmission driver that chooses the gear economically under …” „… drive mode already, the focus will be to optimize the coast mode on a system level. The idea is to …” „… automate the clutch. Of course, a driver could open the clutch to allow coasting with the engine turned …”

M. Roßhuber, G. Schromm, K. Kranz The new BMW automatic transmission – Challenges in development S. I-11-I-22

„… DAT2 compared to dampers without centrifugal pendulum (TTD or ZDW: for sporty drive train variants) a …” „… technical effort. The possibilities of achieving further progress in the conventional drive with the …” „… automatic transmission and the networking of the drive components have become even more important in recent …”

A. Dietrich, H. Klampfl “Friction Stir Welding” – Lightweight through manufacturing technology – The path from a concept to revolutionary gearbox manufacturing S. I-385-I-396

„… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 2018 385 Abstract Those who consider buying an all-wheel-drive vehicle usually …” „… additional consumption as low as possible. Therefore, major priority in the development of all-wheel-drive …” „… reduction in axle drive is the implementation of Friction Stir Welding technology. This special …”

B. Chamberlin, E. Gold HEV P2 module concepts for different transmission architectures clutch and e-motor options S. I-441-I-450

„… paper introduces these different architectures and describes the advantages of each variant. In a …” „… purchase vehicles with just one conventional drive (gasoline or diesel driven engines), the share of HEVs …” „… and BEVs, driven by government regulations to improve emissions, expected shortage of conventional …”

R. Heckmann Fully automated EOL E-drive testing – Automation and modularity for efficient testing solutions S. II-73-II-84

„… Fully automated EOL E-Drive Testing Automation and modularity for efficient testing solutions …” „… Abstract E-Drives are a challenge in automated EOL testing. Where a test bench in the past was primarily …” „… a means of measuring noise, its main components today for E-Drives are much more complex, such as …”

F. Mühlfeld, M. Hochrein, N. Schmidt-Winkel, J. Buhl Electrified automated manual transmission (eAMT) – Synergies by combining an electric drive with an automated transmission S. I-197-I-210

„… Electrified automated manual transmission (eAMT) Synergies by combining an electric drive with …” „… automated manual transmission and the electric drive. The automated transmission thus receives full hybrid …” „… electric drive is able to compensate the system-related traction interruptions during gearshift of the …”

R. Buchberger, O. Grieshofer, K. Puchner, R. Sereinig System optimization of electric drives in terms of lightweight design, acoustics and efficiency by means of modern transmission simulation methods S. II-31-II-46

„… System optimization of electric drives in terms of lightweight design, acoustics and efficiency …” „… among the main conflicting engineering targets within developments of electric drive transmissions …” „… structure borne noise has been developed and successfully used for MPT's eDrive developments. For …”

T. Gemassmer Approaches to increase efficiency and dynamics of ipmsm traction drives by optimization of control strategies S. II-85-II-102

„… Approaches to increase Efficiency and Dynamics of IPMSM Traction Drives by Optimization of Control …” „… magnet traction drives to increase both efficiency and dynamics. Starting with a short derivation of …” „… saturation characteristics of highly utilized drives and their impact on the dynamics of the current control …”

A. Viehmann, R. König, S. Rinderknecht Investigation of gear shifts in a parallel-series hybrid powertrain with dog clutches in a demonstrator vehicle (two-drive-transmission with range-extender, DE-REX) S. I-323-I-346

„… Demonstrator Vehicle (Two-Drive-Transmission with Range-Extender, DE-REX) Performing mode changes using …” „… Schaltzeitreduktion und Schaltkomfortsteigerung gegeben. Abstract The „Two-Drive-Transmission with Range-Extender …” „… transmission with the drive shafts of the vehicle. Simulation based investigations have shown, that the …”

R. Savelsberg, P. Griefnow, G. Birmes, A. Sehr Advanced powertrain functions of 48 V hybrid vehicles – Efficient powertrains does not exclude driving pleasure S. I-499-I-516

„… assist by belt-driven starter generators (BSG). FEV Europe GmbH has designed a full-featured 48 V mild …” „… in the belt drive system of the combustion engine (P0 architecture). In addition, a 6.5 kW electrical …” „… boosting with the belt-driven starter generator and the electric compressor. Especially, the drive mode …”

C. Danzer, T. Voigt, T. Günther, R. Tröger From fleet requirements to optimized Dedicated Hybrid Powertrains S. I-269-I-284

„… number of combustion engine variants, there is constant growth in the complexity of hybrid powertrains …” „… , presents a subsequently derived drive strategy based on a combustion engine as the basic concept in …” „… IAV Powertrain Synthesis is to permit a comprehensive and detailed examination of variants for …”

K.-P. Fritsch Industry 4.0 in the automatic transmission production S. I-397-I-412

„… production, and mastery of variant diversity. The introduction of I4.0 is intended to secure the …” „… automatic transmission (standard, four wheel driven, hybrid, plug in hybrid), ZF benefits from a globally …” „… were produced in four variants for two customers in 2008, 17 basic models in 699 variants for 15 …”

R. Bredtmann, M. Beck, O. Mühlfeld, K. Olesen, O. Shajarati Robust multi-chip power module for effective integration to automotive powertrains – Danfoss DCM™1000 meets future automotive requirements S. II-1-II-18

„… electric traction drives. Its robust bonding- and joining technology enables cost-effective semiconductor …” „… disruptive development of drivetrains is an integration of electric traction drives, that cover power …” „… power modules. Typical time-variant loading can be transferred mathematically into standardized load …”

M. Werra, A. Ringleb, C. Sieg, F. Küçükay Thermal behavior of 48 V hybrid systems S. I-529-II-VI

„… . After that, three different hybrid topologies with front wheel drive (P1, P2 and P3) with an …” „… , the gearbox model calculates all possible operating point combinations as well as drive modes. The …” „… PE. Parameter variation In this paper, three different hybrid topologies with front wheel drive …”

T. Smejkal, C. Wirth Innovative transmission topologies using the example of a P2-hybridtransmission for front-transverse applications S. I-147-I-162

„… increasing prevalence of automated transmissions in the area of compact, front-driven vehicles. The …” „… desired P2-hybrid variant is only implementable for small electric machines, even when replacing the …” „… a smoother driving experience without the need of changing gears manually and assist the driver in …”

S. Rinderknecht, A. Esser, P. Jardin Relevance of multidimensional real-driving optimization for the development of a battery-electric vehicle 5.0 S. II-117-II-134

„… results. These cycles contain a time-variant velocity profile and the definition of time-invariant …” „… for individual drivers or for a specific field of application allows the evaluation and development …” „… respect to the average driver based on standardized driving cycles. These one-dimensional cycles …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023280

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Drivetrain for Vehicles 2016

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2276 2016

Results in this title

M. Kraft, W. Pflieger, S. Henzler, C. Nizzola, S. Rinderknecht Simulation-based study of drivetrain electrification to improve driving dynamics S. 177-192

„… and P4 architecture two variants of e-drive transmissions are considered: one-speed and two-speed …” „… for two different engine variants: 135 and 245 kW. Table 1: Solution space: e-drive parameter …” „… engine variant. An explanation for that is a smaller impact by e-drives with less electric power in case …”

R. Moehlmann Modular design for driveline mechatronic systems – Global development strategy driven by automotive market demands in the context of global competition S. 309-320

„… number of required product variants. VDI-Berichte 2276, 2016310 Fig. 1 : Key driver for modular …” „… Modular design for driveline mechatronic systems Global development strategy driven by …” „… rapidly rising numbers of product variants. At the same time development cycles are getting shorter under …”

F. Pflüger Virtual calibration of conventional & hybrid drivetrain strategy – Transfer drive strategy calibration from vehicle in a virtual environment S. 563-576

„… Virtual calibration of conventional & hybrid drivetrain strategy Transfer drive strategy …” „… method in the very subjective field of „driveability in respect to drive strategy calibration“. Methods …” „… the creation of suitable drive strategy: Energy and fuel consumption, performance, spontaneous …”

B. Löffler, J. Patzner, M. Drabek, K. Armbruster Modular 8-Speed Hybrid Dual Clutch Transmission With Integrated All-Wheel Distributor by ZF S. 85-100

„… transmission ratio is adapted to these engine variants by different final-drive ratios. The transfer case …” „… flexibly adapted to different passenger car variants. The same is true for the all-wheel drive system that …” „… standard and all-wheel drive applications. Thus, ZF presents a trendsetting system with sporty genes …”

O. Neuf A chain is as strong as the weakest part S. 701-718

„… . Abstract Drivetrains are subsystem of a machine, in our case forklifts with electric drive. This …” „… long runtime and broad application – overlapping the types of drive – is mandatory. This requires the …” „… Lenkantriebe Generatoren – für unterschiedliche Hybrid-Varianten Bild 1: Motoren und Systeme für …”

J. Willert, C. Bünder Modular and Scalable Approaches in Layshaft Transmission Design S. 167-176

„… solutions that can be adapted to specific regional requirements, for both OEMs and car drivers. One …” „… and Asia. Fig. 3: MX65: two transmission sizes for three variants The small transmission …” „… fuel cost with commercial vehicles. There is an option for all-wheel drive and for an e-clutch. The …”

W. Hinz, G. Bednarek The new 8-speed FWD Automatic Transmission for General Motors / A. Opel AG S. 383-396

„… front-wheel-drive vehicles as well. The first application front-wheel-drive 8-speed automatic transmission (AF50-8 …” „… general industry trend vehicle performance and drive comfort are playing an increasing role in the …” „… efficiency, drive comfort, shift comfort, sportiness and vehicle performance. Shift by wire or Active Fuel …”

K. Fronius, A. Harsch, P. Neuwirth, J. Gindele The AMG SPEEDSHIFT DCT from the Mercedes-Benz 7G-DCT Family – Performance for the Road and Race Track in the Compact Segment S. 53-68

„… have been incorporated into the application of this transmission. The driver thus has five drive …” „… an all-wheel drive in all front-transverse model series of Mercedes-AMG. VDI-Berichte 2276 …” „… facelift, customers have five drive programs at their disposal. So they can define use on the road or the …”

R. Welter, M. Kneißler, M. Hausner, D. Schulteis The Fascination of Clutch-by-Wire S. 121-136

„… emission reduction through sailing as well as perceivable and useful functions for the driver deliver …” „… situations where no additional drive torque is required. In addition, there has been continuous improvement …” „… technology in combination with highly integrated driver modules allow high dynamic behavior and long life …”

M. Maisch, M. Homm, U. Keller The Highly Efficient 9GH-TRONIC Plug-In Hybrid Transmission by Mercedes-Benz S. 339-352

„… powerhead are its high range of functions and very high efficiency. With the powerful electrical drive …” „… means of this function. To achieve high efficiency in the hybrid powerhead, a demand-driven lubrication …” „… change from purely electric drive to hybrid driving. To achieve an excellent noise behavior, a highly …”

R. Nasdal, U. Bernhardt Cascaded gears: Possible Applications and Experiences S. 101-108

„… transversal mounted transmissions also in combination with a final drive ratio at the differential gear …” „… shifting questions the relevance for DCTs. The driver feels nothing but has only the acoustic effect of a …” „… untrained test drivers about negative drivability or shiftability in this context. It is likely that his …”

M. Funk, G. Bofinger, J. Patzer, D. O. Lautenschlager, E. Granderath The New Porsche Dual Clutch Gearbox (PDK) – an Important Component of the Powertrain of the Future S. 69-84

„… variants. The 2WD derivative was conceptualised for a standard rear-wheel drive system, wherein the low …” „… conventional drive systems – it must also consider hybridisation as an integral part of the gearbox concept …” „… eight proved to be the optimal number of gears. Assuming that first gear is for optimal drive …”

F. Brezger, A. Moser Energy Saving Potentials by Advanced Functionalities of Clutch or Brake actuator Systems for Vehicle Drivetrains S. 137-156

„… Kurzfassung Die aktuellen Fahrzeugentwicklungen bringen sämtliche Fahrzeugtopologien und Varianten auf den …” „… erleichtern. Abstract Current developments of passenger vehicles are generating a wide range of drive train …” „… topologies and variants for the world market. The common target is not only increasing driving VDI-Berichte …”

V. Warth, B. Reick, B. Bertsche, M. Geimer Efficient analysis of complex continuously variable power split transmissions with multiple in- and outputs S. 719-730

„… erarbeiteten Methodik für unterschiedliche Anwendungsgebiete. Abstract Modern tractors have drives with …” „… vehicle drive or electrical power sockets. Quick and simple calculation of power and speed of new …” „… performance, comfort and efficiency of vehicle drive systems can be ideally matched to the driver's needs and …”

A. Albers, S. Ott, N. Bursac, S. Rapp Product Generation Engineering – efficient and effective to innovative drivetrain solutions S. 17-32

„… and variant construction. They are differentiated by the following criteria: Degree of novelty …” „… greater NVH problems, which would not have been accepted by drivers. Those problems could not be handled …” „… Conference on Engineering Design, 2009. Eckert, C. M., Alink, T., and Albers, A. “Issue driven analysis of …”

B. Kohn, M. Otto, K. Stahl Noise Reduction Potential of Waveform Flank Modifications – Topological Waveform and Waveform-like Modifications Provide Promising Optimization Perspective S. 451-468

„… drive/slave gearbox, which are coupled with slender shafts of little torsional stiffness for elastic …” „… mesh. The mesh with crowning and periodic tip relief is the most silent variant with a bit over 18 dB …”

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Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2354 2019

Results in this title

S. Stöhr, R. Koesling, V. Marx New all-wheel drive systems in Mercedes-Benz SUVs S. I-483-I-500

„… New All-Wheel Drive Systems in Mercedes-Benz SUVs Sven Stöhr, Ralf Koesling, Volker Marx …” „… cylinder engines are available with fully variable all-wheel drive (Torque-on-Demand) that regulates the …” „… torque distribution between the front and rear axles according to the selected drive program. The …”

A. Harsch, G. Clausen, A. Rink Modular system 8G-DCT with all-wheel drive S. I-79-I-94

„… OM 654q four-cylinder diesel engine in the front-wheel drive (4x2) variant. In addition to the …” „… Modular system 8G-DCT with all-wheel drive Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Alexander Harsch, Dr.-Ing …” „… in der frontangetriebenen 4x2-Variante. Neben den technischen Highlights des kompakten …”

W. Wenzel, M. Eglinger, M. Li, C. Sieg, J. Hengst, F. Küçükay Next generation of 48V HEV S. I-295-I-312

„… 35 kW. Thus, the efficiency and performance of the 48V electrified drive train can be enhanced. In …” „… this paper, different drive train topologies suitable for 48V hybridization – P0P4, P2P4 – are …” „… operation The objectives of the research are an evaluation of different drive train topologies suitable for …”

P. Janssen, R. Keizer, T. Rosen Optimization of multi-motor electric drive systems – What is the optimum combination in terms of efficiency and cost? S. I-255-I-264

„… Optimization of multi-motor electric drive systems What is the optimum combination in terms of …” „… Konfigurationen für die EDU (Electric Drive Unit) verwendet. Häufig wird ein Permanent Erregter Synchron Motor …” „… Today´s electric vehicles are equipped with various types of electric drive units (EDU). Today the most …”

R. Nasdal, K. Masser Diverse requirements, one product family – The HV Kit for LCV from MAGNA S. III-55-III-60

„… the drivers must have unlimited access to cities, the vehicles need at least a certain level of …” „… solutions for every demand: Pure EV eDrive units with 90kW up to 280kW of power each. The combination of …” „… distance fuel economy and EV mode for cities, two different kind of hybrid drive trains are offered: The …”

A. Viehmann, J.-E. Schleiffer, S. Rinderknecht Evaluation of the dedicated range-extender transmission powertrain concept DE-REX regarding efficiency, costs and complexity – Comparative assessment of electric and hybrid powertrain configurations b... S. I-21-I-48

„… architectures starting from a fixed-speed single-EM drive to a multi-speed multi-EM TDT variant, the gear …” „… results of an optimization the specific hybrid TDT variant called Two-Drive-Transmission with …” „… "Two-Drive-Transmission with Range-Extender (DE-REX)" is an innovative DRT powertrain concept. To increase the pure …”

G. Hellenbroich Low-cost DCT for emerging markets incl. 48 V hybridization S. I-67-I-78

„… dabei für beide Varianten identisch und liegt zwischen 330 mm und 355 mm, je nachdem ob ein nass- oder …” „… maximum commonality between the conventional and hybrid variants. The overall transmission length for …” „… both the conventional and VDI-Berichte Nr. 2354, 2019 67 hybrid variant is between 330 mm (wet clutch …”

M. Kruse, H. Decker, Sebastian Eulert Optimisation of electric motor acoustics of a hybrid dual clutch gearbox using virtual methods S. II-111-II-124

„… noise behaviour of the drive and to identify productive optimisation measures. The model primarily …” „… structure-borne and airborne noise of the drive unit on an acoustic test bed. Another method from the model for …” „… surface vibrations of the drive housing by means of 3D laser vibrometry. 1. The dual clutch gearbox DL …”

H. Göbbels, S. Scholz, S. Volkmer Efficient 6-speed manual transmission for modern downspeeding solutions S. I-411-I-426

„… drive variants as well, the existing power takeoff units from the Volkswagen modular assembly matrix …” „… efficiency. The MQ281-6F (six-speed, front-wheel drive) was developed as a 2.5-shaft solution for a onebox …” „… guarantees maximum shifting comfort. All forward gears, as well as the final drive, are hard-machined, and …”

D. Schweigert, M. Mileti, B. Morhard, M. Sedlmair, M. Fromberger, M. Otto, T. Lohner, K. Stahl Innovative transmission concept for hyper-high-speed electromechanical powertrains S. I-541-I-554

„… one of the main cost-drivers in the drivetrain, a costeffective drivetrain, providing lightweight and …” „… , discomforts such as noise and vibrations would not be accepted by the driver. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2354 …” „… configuration. The choice of different electric motors was mainly driven by the opportunities made available …”

S. Demmerer Efficiency of electric axle drive systems – Potential of multi-speed-drives S. I-279-I-286

„… Efficiency of Electric Axle Drive Systems Potential of Multi-Speed-Drives Dr. rer. nat …” „… die Performance eines Antriebs verbessert. Abstract Today's electric drives usually have a …” „… rarely discussed, since the characteristic map of an electric drive is so homogeneous that only low fuel …”

C. Dassler, M. Kurch, M. Nichols NVH-challenges and solution approaches in electric drive development from the supplier‘s view S. I-349-I-366

„… NVH-Challenges and solution approaches in electric drive development from the supplier‘s view …” „… drivers for the automobile of tomorrow. The challenges arising from these developments are being …” „… “Eco-friendly drives”, which covers the development of corresponding products such as electric axles and hybrid …”

A. Locher, M. Ebenhoch, P. Gutmann Innovative 8HP modular design kit for conventional, MHEV and PHEV transmissions S. I-103-I-112

„… transmissions are established in the vehicles for transverse drives. However, the planetary automatic …” „… transmission continues to dominate in longitudinal drives, due to its superiority for installation in the …” „… drives have now been launched in the markets as modular concepts. These concepts are faced with …”

H. Gürbüz, S. Ott, A. Albers Potentials for improving the system behaviour of highspeed clutches for BEV using optimal transmission springs S. I-265-I-278

„… & development in the area of shiftable high speed drives for BEV show that variable transmission ratios make …” „… highspeed drives with speeds of up to 30,000 rpm is being developed and set up as a demonstrator. This …” „… available on the market have a central drive with a fixed ratio. However, the 1-speed transmission and the …”

M. Jörgensson, C. Wolrath, J. Hallnéus Volvo Cars modular electric axle drive S. I-531-I-540

„… Volvo Cars modular Electric Axle Drive M.Sc. Mathias Jörgensson, B.Sc. Christian Wolrath, B.Sc …” „… electric drive system, electric axles play an important role. They are suitable for use in pure electric …” „… drives and plug-in hybrids both for front and rear installations. This paper shows the design of Volvo …”

K. von Rueden, C. Danzer, J. Liebold, T. Mueller, T. Hirschbeck 1, 2 or 3 – how much it would be? Evaluating the need of multispeed electric drives coming from different perspectives S. I-227-I-254

„… drives. In the D-Class vehicle, the figure for the 2-speed variant is 4.1 %. A comparison of the two …” „… assessment, the 2-speed drive with synchronous machine best meets the evaluation criteria. The drive variant …” „… 1, 2 or 3 – how much it would be? Evaluating the need of multispeed electric drives coming from …”

P. Fietkau, N. Lamparsky, M. Felbermaier, A. Fröhlcke, T. Conze Holistic design approach for electric drives S. I-163-I-178

„… Holistic Design Approach for Electric Drives Dr.-Ing. Peter Fietkau, Dipl.-Ing. Niklas Lamparsky …” „… design of an electric drive as an example. The components and simulation disciplines are no longer …” „… the necessary design parameters for a new drive system. In the Motor DPS, the active components of the …”

C. Möser, T. Märkle, K. Hornung Effective acoustic development of electrified powertrains – Combination of simulation and evaluation methods S. I-329-I-348

„… the electric drive system and the vehicle, and represents a certain novelty. Even just gearing noise …” „… of experience is possible at all times. This may relate to effects arising from drive tests, for …” „… profound understanding of the drive system is attained on the basis of simulation and test results …”

C. Leonhardt, M. Otto, K. Stahl Potential of lightweight construction and component properties of joined spur gears S. I-179-I-196

„… Zahnräder wegen eines Durchrutschens des Zahnkranzes auf dem Radkörper aus. Eine Variante mit …” „… variants of multi-component gears such as gears with a gear body out of cut and stacked sheet metal as …” „… the gear rim on the gear body. Variants with a form fit type connection between gear rim and gear …”

L. Herdle 7DCT/HDT400 – New fuel-efficient FWD DCT and hybrid transmission for up to 400 Nm S. I-95-I-102

„… Variante – wurden maximale Synergien im Design und in der Fertigung erzielt. Der vorliegende Bericht …” „… development of a 400 Nm nominal torque variant and its hybrid version the 7DCT/HDT400. Main development …” „… concept and layout is unchanged and driven further using latest technology and advanced engineering …”

B. Müller, C. Angrick, M. Fritz New concepts for electrical drive trains for high power density S. II-55-II-66

„… New concepts for electrical drive trains for high power density Bruno Müller, Carsten Angrick …” „… the target conflict consisting of the number of variants and cost pressure. With a consistent …” „… electric drives goes way beyond the electric motor. Optimal efficiency, range, and system costs can only …”

A. Moser, F. Brezger Efficiency improvements in transmissions using new latching technologies in clutch & hydraulic actuation systems S. I-427-I-446

„… werden können. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2354, 2019 427 Abstract Efficiency improvements in drive trains are …” „… which are typical at 9 to 20 bar. Depending on drive train layouts a fail-safe-functionality must be …” „… improvements in modern drive trains. Introduction The current situation of the automotive industries demands …”

K. Baron, C. Rübsam, M. Werra, F. Küçükay Hybridized manual transmission – Opportunities and challenges of mild hybridization S. I-49-I-66

„… mainly driven by legal requirements, new technology trends, new customer preferences and their mobility …” „… conventional version. Major attributes: Electric driving - Launch and drive by electric motor, change …” „… trade-off between different factors: Fuel economy (on-cycle, RDE, customer related) Drive quality …”

A. Alkan Human/machine readable language representation method in HEV drivetrain testing S. II-125-II-140

„… schlüsselwortgetriebenen Tests entwickelt. Die Idee hinter dem Keyword-Driven-Testing-Approach ist die Fähigkeit für …” „… repräsentieren. Die KDT-Architektur ermöglicht es Testingenieuren, verschiedene Varianten von automatisierten …” „… high standards for convenience and drive dynamics together with strict statutory regulations. HEV …”

M. Horn, F. Kutter, B. Vahlensieck Advanced development of dedicated hybrid concepts – Systematic search for optimal powertrain concepts S. I-1-I-20

„… Ausprägungen von maßgeschneiderten Hybridkonzepten entsprechend ihrer E- Drive-Struktur und Radsatz-Architektur …” „… transmission gear set functions must be transferred to the electric drive unit (e-drive) of the powertrain …” „… . Dedicated hybrid concepts use their e-drive not only for electric driving but also for basic transmission …”

A. Kooy, R. Seebacher Minimize torsional vibrations – Full isolation if necessary S. I-313-I-328

„… This paper has shown some of the ways in which Schaeffler reacts to the growing variety of drive …” „… changeovers from drives based on electric motors to those using internal combustion engines and the resulting …” „… politics. The drive train however will change significantly because of the high percentage of hybrids …”

A. Esser, J.-E. Schleiffer, T. Eichenlaub, S. Rinderknecht Development of an optimization framework for the comparative evaluation of the ecoimpact of powertrain concepts S. I-137-I-162

„… , 3], is adapted for each variant. The compressed but representative driving cycles enable the …” „… investigation of the operational phase of the necessary multitude of variants with high computing efficiency …” „… of 143.078 driven kilometres. The occurrence frequency of operating states as a function of velocity …”

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Dritev – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2020

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2373 2020

Results in this title

D. Kieninger, J. Hemsen, G. Witham The highly integrated ModulED drive module – Holistic concept design S. I-27-I-44

„… variants to drive modules and determines the resulting system properties such as costs, mass, volume and …” „… evaluated. In total, 108,000 drive modules were evaluated. Of these, almost 80,000 variants successfully …” „… The highly integrated ModulED drive module Holistic concept design Dipl.-Ing. Daniel …”

L. Wittmann, M. Wein, M. Wolf Consistently quattro S. I-159-I-172

„… includes over 100 quattro variants, with a number of models available exclusively with four-wheel drive …” „… ? VDI-Berichte Nr. 2373, 2020 159 40 years of quattro – evolution of the four-wheel drive Consistently …” „… cars featuring quattro drive over the past 40 years, meeting customers’ wishes for agility, lateral …”

C. Danzer, T. Voigt, A. Forell, M. Sens, E. Schreiterer, R. Kockisch, J. Müller, E. Schneider The systematic way to your sustainable powertrain platform – holistic and customizable – Systematical methods to investigate mobility scenarios of tomorrow S. I-385-I-402

„… systematically collates the large number of all possible powertrain components to obtain powertrain variants that …” „… vehicle-specific powertrain variants form the basis for optimization on fleet level. Platform synthesis collates …” „… the vehiclespecific optimized powertrain variants in modular systems for systematic minimization of …”

P. Schwanemann, T. Pfund Market-driven electric motor designs from Schaeffler – Optimized electric motor design process via technology and production kits S. II-1-II-16

„… system variants requested on the market is still huge. Specific optimized electric drive systems and …” „… well as for the elaboration for new unique selling points. Fig. 2: Variants of electric drive …” „… Market-driven electric motor designs from Schaeffler Optimized electric motor design process …”

P. Cholvy, P. Armiroli 48V eDRIVE Modularity: An answer to eMobility complexity S. I-213-I-220

„… 48V eDRIVE Modularity: An answer to eMobility complexity Dipl.-Ing. Pierre Cholvy, Valeo …” „… the drivers for the technological platform development. Finally, example of applied solutions and …” „… extension drives the VDI-Berichte Nr. 2373, 2020214 increase of max power requirement. The second one …”

P. Ramet Dedicated hybrid transmissions (DHT) by PUNCH Powerglide – Innovative concepts for optimized DHT in terms of efficiency, cost and packaging S. I-253-I-270

„… front or rear drivetrain are required. The main driver for DHT and DHE (Dedicated Hybrid Engines …” „… driven by an internal combustion engine and an electric machine, offer multiple running modes where the …” „… integration into what is typically a limited workspace in hybrid variants. Naturally, lowering the component …”

A. Esser, T. Eichenlaub, S. Rinderknecht Real-driving-based comparison of the eco-impact of powertrain concepts using a data-driven optimization environment S. I-309-I-342

„… parametrization that can drive almost purely electric for the E10variant. The PHEV-E10, optimized towards the TED …” „… Real-Driving-Based Comparison of the Eco-Impact of Powertrain Concepts using a Data-Driven …” „… contribution we present a data-driven optimization environment that enables to identify the ecological …”

S. Rothe, B. Schröder, G. Lührs Coupled topology optimization of an electric drive S. II-75-II-88

„… Coupled topology optimization of an electric drive Dr.-Ing. Steffen Rothe, Dr.-Ing. Bettina …” „… develop efficient rotor topologies for electrical drives the cooperative research project “Topological …” „… Optimization of an Energy Efficient Electrical Drive with Improved Magnetic Material Usage – TOPMAGNET” was …”

P. Tenberge, A. Alnahlaui E-drive and hybrid-drive with 2 high-speed E-motors and a 2-speed gearbox S. I-233-I-252

„… 1 E-Drive and Hybrid-Drive with 2 High-Speed E-Motors and a 2-Speed Gearbox Prof. Dr.-Ing …” „… of gearsets and shift elements and other energy consuming subsystems. In future hybrid drives the …” „… internal combustion engine (ICE) should be the assistant drive with the main task of providing sufficient …”

T. Korb, M. Nussbaumer, S. Rinderknecht Generic optimization environment and knowledge-based guided evolutionary algorithms for automated transmission calibration – Method to generate a knowledge base through impact analysis of parameters a... S. I-355-I-384

„… dramatically. This is due to various reasons, e.g. the increasing number of powertrain variants or the …” „… , combined with the increased number of powertrain variants [3], resulting of different power classes of the …” „… name some attributes - lead to more and more calibration effort [4]. That is because every variant has …”

H. Gürbüz, S. Ott, A. Sutschet, J. Kern Highly efficient clutch system for multispeed BEV S. I-119-I-132

„… . Overall, there is a trend towards high-speed traction drives, which significantly increases the power …” „… , prototypes of a clutch system for high speed drives with 30,000 rpm were developed in a consortium project …” „… electric drive train in higher vehicle segments. In order to exploit the full potential, the drive speed …”

M. Grill, M.-T. Keskin, M. Bargende Virtual RDE: Ensuring RDE conformity of hybridized powertrains in the early stage of the development process S. I-343-I-354

„… regulation includes many drive requests that go beyond the current pre-defined driving cycles. E.g. on the …” „… ambient temperatures (down to -7°C), long single stop durations (up to 5 minutes) and downhill drives …” „… drive sections or even the full RDE drive. As a consequence the substitution of RDE drives by a small …”

F. Brezger, A. Moser Investigation and potential analysis of shiftable form-locked one-way clutches for hybrid and electric vehicles S. I-133-I-148

„… systems enable and demand new functions and components in their respective drive trains. On the one hand …” „… , electric engines are highly efficient and highly dynamic drive units, and on the other hand, high energy …” „… power demands of the MMCM. The energy efficiency of a drive train in comparison to status quo is …”

D. Vietze, M. Hein, K. Stahl Method for a cloud based remaining-service-life-prediction for vehicle-gearboxes based on big-data-analysis and machine learning S. I-403-I-416

„… and kinds of machinery. 2. Motivation Transmissions are a key component of vehicle drive trains …” „… agricultural machinery would not work the usual way without gearboxes in their drive trains. Over the last …” „… . Nevertheless, failures occur and can lead to a total loss of drive. With increasing lifetime and millage this …”

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International Conference on Gears 2017

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2294 2017

Results in this title

S. Grützner Holistic simulation of gearboxes – system simulation S. 51-60

„… examines three applications with gear drives: Noise development in a planetary gear system …” „… Interactions between a gearset and an electric drive Thermal behavior of an actively cooled gearset The …” „… optimization of teeth numbers Modern powertrains of electric drive cars are driven by small machines with high …”

C. Weber, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Investigation on the flank surface durability of gears with increased pressure angle S. 173-184

„… of alternative involute gears was investigated. To find qualified variations for use in gear drives …” „… power density in the drive train. In this report gears with reference tooth shape (αn = 20°) as well as …” „… transmitting gear drives. Besides the economic advantages of the manufacturing process using straight-flank …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, M. Schroers, T. Frech, P. Scholzen Optimization of NVH behavior of gears by alternative gear materials S. 539-552

„… ADI. First, steel gears are compared to the material variants with an identical macro- and micro …” „… stiffness of the material variants result in a different excitation behavior, which can be simulated. To …” „… compare the structure-borne noise and evaluate the material variants regarding their potential for …”

C. Güntner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl “Alternative” microstructures and their influence on mechanical properties of case-hardened gears S. 399-410

„… . Furthermore, a variant containing bainite in the case hardened layer was adjusted. In an actual research …” „… investigated in experimental test-runs, using spur gears. The results of the variants with “alternative …” „… carbonitrided variants (amount of retained austenite ~ 60 - 70 %) are generally speaking a little bit higher …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, J. Brimmers Potential of free flank modifications for beveloid gears S. 553-564

„… front axle in a four wheel drive vehicle. The small need of design space and the reduced amount of …” „… lower noise excitation. 2 Introduction and Motivation Driven by statutory requirements to reduce the …” „… marine transmissions, for the application within four wheel drive vehicles and robot transmissions …”

M. Daffner, M. Otto, K. Stahl Elastic deformation of a hypoid gearbox – Measurements on a static test rig to validate the calculated elastic deformation behavior S. 683-694

„… to 0 Nm (unloading). All measurements were carried out for drive operation and coast operation …” „… relative displacements in drive operation. The amount of the meshing force for 500 Nm in coast operation …” „… variants. - Variant 1: Rigid housing - Variant 2: Stiffness matrix In variant 1, the bearing seats …”

M. Oehler, B. Magyar, B. Sauer A new standardizable calculation method to predict the efficiency of worm gear drives S. 363-372

„… design efficient drive solutions, various transmission types and design variants must be comparable with …” „… A new standardizable Calculation Method to predict the Efficiency of Worm Gear Drives Dipl.-Ing …” „… for the efficiency of worm gear drives was developed. This method is validated by experiments with …”

S.-J. Tsai, L.-C. Chang, C.-H. Huang Design of cycloid planetary gear drives with tooth number difference of two – a comparative study on contact characteristics and load analysis S. 61-74

„… Design of Cycloid Planetary Gear Drives with Tooth Number Difference of Two A Comparative …” „… absorbing ability, enlargement of the power density of the drives is still the essential development work …” „… characteristic of such the cycloid planetary gear drives so as to evaluate the feasibility. These results are …”

U. Kissling, M. Stangl The documentation of gearbox reliability – an upcoming demand S. 1051-1062

„… drive is recently an upcoming request. In Europe, the acceptance authorities for wind turbines start to …” „… for gear drives. Most standardized methods used to assess the strength of gearbox components such …” „… analysis. For a drive train, the situation is even worse: Gear strength is expressed in safety factors for …”

T. Utakapan, B. Kohn, M. Fromberger, M. Otto, K. Stahl Evaluation of gear noise behaviour with application force level S. 695-706

„… by the German research association for drive technology (FVA). 1. Introduction Noise and …” „… representation. A comparison between different gear variants as well as different operational areas can be …” „… ]) - Profile contact ratio Under this consideration, the application force levels of both gear mesh variants …”

J. Langhart, I. Zotos, G. Franzoso Casing stiffness variations and influence on the gear meshing properties S. 1161-1168

„… [2], where the torque flow is applied in drive mode for the bevel gear. Figure 1 (left) shows the …” „… under load in drive mode (left) and bolts and contact plane of casing in FE model (right) For each …” „… the variants are shown in table 1. As evaluation of the study, the displacement of the bearing outer …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, J. Pollaschek Influence of surface layer properties on tooth root bending strength of cylindrical gears S. 421-432

„… . The aim of lightweight designs in drive technology - particularly in relation to E-mobility - can …” „… premature component failure. The efforts in drive technology for lightweight construction - particularly …” „… parameters are not changed to maintain comparability between the gear variants during the parameter study …”

T. Jurkschat, T. Lohner, K. Stahl Improved calculation method for load-dependent gear losses S. 893-904

„… which the existing calculation method is analyzed in detail and improved. In drive technology, spur …” „… based on a four-bearing test unit and uses a variable-speed drive and loss torque measurement system to …” „… enable a direct measurement of the bearing power loss. The driven shaft is supported in the housing by …”

B. Bauer, R. Hambrecht, A. Kube Thermal analysis and optimization of gearboxes by simulation S. 917-926

„… cover variants are investigated. Concept 1: Long cover + radial fan The first approach is to extend …” „… intermediate shaft of a non-test-gearbox was used to drive the system. Several sensors had been placed to …” „… Siemens Mechanical Drives. Literature [1] N.N., Gears — Thermal capacity; Part 2: Thermal …”

Z. Roth, J. Opferkuch High load capacity gear root fillet contour with a bézier curve S. 719-732

„… the optimized safety degrees were compared with the original ones for this field of variants. The …” „… , pressure and helix angle’. At a Voith final drive it was, for example, possible to prove a theoretical …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181022948

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Commercial Vehicles 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2350 2019

Results in this title

M. Lamke, M. Eisele, F.-D. Speck ZF Kit for E-Mobility Products for Commercial Vehicles S. 73-86

„… , low-voltage and cooling connections. This also makes it easier to integrate the different drive variants from …” „… identical for all drive variants. This also applies to variants with and without multispeed transmission …” „… , electric driving is also a desirable feature, i.e. to be able to drive the ‘last mile’ without generating …”

A. Ebmer Innovative platform concept for commercial vehicle cabins – Optimized approaches in respect of modularity, assembly, light- weight and aerodynamics, flexible applicable for commercial vehicles of tomo... S. 33-44

„… the customer demands and the production aspects. Driven by that, MAGNA created the idea of a new …” „… costs under the aspects of weight optimization and increased comfort for the driver and his working …” „… integration. In the case of a new variant or a facelift only exterior modules has to be redesigned and a new …”

M. Fritz Modular Platform Approach for Electric Drive System in Commercial Vehicles S. 103-114

„… technology platform for electric drive systems to master the balancing act between variety of variants and …” „… Modular Platform Approach for Electric Drive System in Commercial Vehicles Dr. Martin Fritz …” „… at the same time considering the target conflict consisting of the number of variants on the one hand …”

J. Hintereder, S. Sattler, U. Gunzert Development of a disruptive semitrailer tractor in light-weight construction S. 45-60

„… changes in their market. To name just the most important changes, these include more drive power, more …” „… systems for a variety of transport tasks, more volume and comfort in the driver's cab and specialisation …” „… drive concepts for trucks are again being more sharply focused on. This development has brought to the …”

N. Berger Energy-recuperation as business-case for semitrailers – Smart electrification solution for semitrailers S. 99-102

„… electric drives from mass production that are easy to integrate into axles. Energy-recuperation as …” „… generates high costs due to the driver, vehicle and potential accident damage. Fleet operators are …” „… integrated inside the axle tube) in various power & torque variants power electronics vehicle control …”

G. Milton, H.-M. Koegeler, R. Varnhagen Validating the fuel consumption of trucks featuring a dynamic electronic horizon in real world traffic: methods and results S. 149-174

„… simulated over an IMPERIUM drive cycle enriched with traffic and the performance of each vehicle is …” „… Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) [1] [2], now generically known as ‘Electronic Horizon’ or …” „… probability assuming that the driver will follow the roads with the highest classification (e.g …”

D. Vorgerd The Mercedes-Benz eCitaro – A modular concept for sustainable electro mobility in city bus operations S. 9-18

„… eCitaro’s drive system is provided by an electric portal axle with electric motors at the wheel hubs. The …” „… . For example the electronic drive control and corresponding brake management functionality have been …” „… drive and auxiliary units. In harsh winters, the consumption can rise to about 2 kWh/km, thus halving …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023501

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DRITEV – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2021

VDI-Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2381 2021

Results in this title

D. Morgenweck, M. Großmann, W. Fakler, M. Lamke, F. Bitzer ZF E-Mobility Software Functions for Commercial Vehicles S. 703-718

„… , low-voltage, and cooling connections. This also makes it easier to integrate the different drive variants …” „… central vehicle / drive control unit. As there are numerous different application variants in commercial …” „… all drive variants. This also applies to variants with and without multispeed transmission. This …”

S. Kaimer Power to the Wheels – Challenges and Benefits of Electrified AWD for EVs and Hybrid vehicles S. 117-124

„… Simon Kaimer, Magna Powertrain GmbH & Co. KG, Lannach, Austria Since the 1950s, all-wheel drive …” „… eliminates any additional fuel consumption from mechanical losses. But which e-drive axle technology is …” „… drives with torque vectoring function to answer this question. Electrification – challenge and …”

N. Mueller Electrification of heavy commercial vehicles from the perspective of a bodybuilder S. 555-560

„… pollution and a significant noise reduction is achieved by the electric drive. What exactly can this …” „… ) or the so-called mechanical power take-off is a switchable mechanical drive source. It is usually …” „… made between direct and indirect drive. Direct drive in the case of PTO is used when equipment is to …”

D. Lechleitner, M. Hofstetter, M. Hirz, C. Gsenger, K. Huber Parking Lock Integration for Electric Axle Drives by Multi-Objective Design Optimization S. 303-318

„… the method then consists of all found optimal e-drive design variants, which corresponds to the …” „… Parking Lock Integration for Electric Axle Drives by Multi-Objective Design Optimization …” „… considerations, electric axle drives (e-drives) are often equipped with a parking lock system, which prevents …”

J. De Landtsheere TREMEC HYbrid DRive Axle – HYDRA – Hybridization enables RWD dynamics in a FWD car S. 125-144

„… TREMEC HYbrid DRive Axle - HYDRA Hybridization enables RWD dynamics in a FWD car Ir. Jannick …” „… fun-to-drive, performance-oriented vehicles, TREMEC has identified that electrifying the main vehicle …” „… torque vectoring AWD system, for which simulations show that performance and fun-to-drive are stepped up …”

M. Giannantonio, S. Henzler, S. Rinderknecht Advanced Design of Dedicated Hybrid Drivetrains S. 77-100

„… clearance surface as shown by the variant on the right side (= ). By the way, the Final drive gear EM1 …” „… this paper (refer Fig. 1 lower part). In general, the approach is suitable for pure electric drive …” „… saved can be reinvested in a more detailed and densely packed design of the final variant. N ew …”

M. Dilzer BorgWarner P2 Modules – from HV to 48V S. 35-46

„… . Zusammenfassung Unter den vielfältigen Hybrid Varianten haben sich P2 Architekturen einen breiten …” „… Systemkosten. Folgerichtig entwickelt BorgWarner auch 48V Varianten als Erweiterung des bestehenden …” „… combustion engine driven vehicles will further lose their high market shares and will be pushed back and …”

L. de Ruijsscher TREMEC Hybrid Dual Clutch Transmission (HDCT) – Electrification of TREMEC’s high performance dual clutch transmission S. 159-178

„… the transmission is provided by an input driven gear pump or via an integrated electric auxilliary …” „… dual clutch transmission while maintaining the focus on the high-performance and fun-to-drive …” „… , drive fully electric and provide important features like ICE cranking and battery charging at …”

A. Ramsauer, A. Pujari Frontloading for (Hybrid-) Transmission Integration at BMW S. 101-116

„… vehicles as well as hybrid variants to the market. As of now, the main drivers for technology improvement …” „… drive variants in the market according to their product orientation and VDI-Berichte Nr. 2381, 2021 113 …” „… this paper, extends the capabilities of the AVL-DRIVE tool by refining the criteria calculation and …”

F. Langhammer, A. Kappes, A. Viehmann, S. Rinderknecht Novel “Two-Drive-Transmission for Long-Range” Powertrain: Ecology and Efficiency meet Driving Comfort S. 207-228

„… Novel “Two-Drive-Transmission for Long-Range” Powertrain: Ecology and Efficiency meet Driving …” „… dem DE-REX-Antrieb auf das neuartige Antriebsstrangkonzept "Two-Drive-Transmission for Long Range …” „… in the use phase. In contrast, dedicated hybrid drives show great potential in terms of minimizing …”

E. Schneider, C. Danzer, E. Schreiterer Modular and highly functional Hybrid Platform for subcompact cars up to full-size SUV S. 191-206

„… number of all possible powertrain components to obtain powertrain variants that are optimized in terms …” „… variants form the basis for optimization on fleet level. Platform synthesis collates the vehicle-specific …” „… optimized powertrain variants in modular systems for systematic minimization of diversity, emissions and …”

R. Resch, C. Danzer, A. Poppitz, T. Pirkl Alternative drivetrains for sustainable commercial vehicles S. 669-684

„… customers and the industry as well as legislative regulations in key markets will drive the demand for …” „… sustainable commercial vehicles (CV). In a technoeconomical study IAV proved that electrically driven CVs are …” „… from this systematic process are used to make data driven design decisions. Within the boundaries of …”

R. Kockisch, J. Müller, Erik Schneider Modular transmission systems for future BEV platform applications S. 11-22

„… large number of all possible powertrain components to obtain powertrain variants that are optimized in …” „… concept with specific individual components. At the same time, the vehicle-specific powertrain variants …” „… optimized powertrain variants in modular systems for systematic minimization of diversity, emissions and …”

B. Krüger, G. Filomeno, D. Dennin, P. Tenberge Holistic Design of All-Wheel Drive Electric Powertrains Using a Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm S. 377-394

„… Holistic Design of All-Wheel Drive Electric Powertrains Using a Multi-Objective Optimization …” „… aufzuzeigen. Abstract In this paper, all-wheel drive (AWD) systems in battery electric vehicles (BEVs …” „… driven by a central engine, electric all-wheel drive systems are realized as axle split systems. Both …”

M. Häßler, O. Werner The Pendulum Rocker Damper – Providing flexible damper characteristics for hybrid powertrains S. 329-346

„… variants within hybrid technology A further dimension is the selection and evaluation of the appropriate …” „… versions (Fig. 2). The range of variants of the spanned matrix goes far beyond that of a classic non …” „… driven to the coast side during the starting process. This means that, for the purpose of isolation, a …”

T. Hillesheim Energy-efficient Hydraulic Control for the Multi-speed Transmission of an Electric Vehicle S. 319-328

„… that are often driven on the highway. This design is accompanied by lower efficiency in the urban …” „… urban use in the pioneering days, battery-powered electric drives are now being developed for virtually …” „… design the traction motor for long-distance highway driving. Electric drives are intended to achieve …”

W. Sackl Sustainable Powertrain Solutions – the new role of the powertrain at Magna S. 1-10

„… Zusammenfassung Neben der schieren Vielfalt von Varianten elektrifizierter Antriebe sind Antriebsentwickler mit …” „… future. Driven by digitalization and the fast pace of introducing new technologies, development cycles …” „… passenger cars and light commercial vehicles, driven by a fundamentally changing world. What are these …”

G. Brudeli, B. Vestgård, S. Bjørkgård, L. Bjørkhaug Sustainable drivetrain architecture for hybrid and electric trucks S. 567-580

„… for both fuel optimization and driver comfort Geared motors and clutches for reduced weight and …” „… braking with same torque as main clutch. E1 generates electricity transferred to E2 and driven wheels …” „… ownership We compared the cost of 3 variants of drivelines for a 400kW 4x2 tractor used for HD long haul …”

A. Albers, M. Behrendt, J. Köber, T. Breitinger Development of a method for the automated validation of the shift quality of modern dual clutch transmissions on full-vehicle test benches S. 399-414

„… moderner Doppelkupplungsgetriebe, bei der bis zu 8500 Schaltungen pro Derivat und Motor-Getriebe- Variante …” „… up to 8500 gearshifts per derivative and engine-transmission variant have to be tested on separate …” „… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2381, 2021400 consciously perceived by the driver, which is why ensuring optimum shift quality …”

S. Idler, C. Bünder Scaling the functionality of a DCT-based DHD to segmentspecific requirements – The new high torque DHD Plus S. 241-254

„… , Untergruppenbach Abstract The DHD Plus is part of a dedicated hybrid drive (DHD) product family based on dual …” „… powershift in electric drive, an electric crawler functionality with approx. 30 % more electric low speed …” „… einer Dedicated Hybrid Drive (DHD) Produktfamilie welche auf einem Baukasten von …”

A. Nees Flexible Electro-hydraulic Actuation System for Multi-speed Electrified Drivetrains – Requirements and Concept S. 275-290

„… challenging requirements at low cost level. A gear shift must not be noticed by the driver in most cases. The …” „… multi-speed electric drive units (EDU) present a new set of requirements, especially for the actuation …” „… higher drive torque e.g. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2381, 2021 277 for launching, towing or gradeability, these …”

S. Dussinger, T. Wiedemann, B. Harter, B. Wiedenmann Simulation of induced axial forces on planet gear bearings at example of ZF’s 8-speed automatic transmission S. 469-486

„… : Curve history for ramping up the rotation load on the drive side and the moment on the output side The …” „… moment loading at drive and output side are smoothly ramped up in the first 50 milliseconds and then …” „… that the loading condition at drive and output side are stationary only after 50 milliseconds in the …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023815

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