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Kupplungs- und Bremssysteme für mobile und stationäre Anwendungen

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2414 2023

Results in this title

R. Leister, B. Frohnapfel, J. Kriegseis Die Strömung in einer offenen nasslaufenden Lamellenkupplung – The fluid flow in an open wet clutch S. 99-108

„… Die Strömung in einer offenen nasslaufenden Lamellenkupplung – The fluid flow in an open wet clutch …” „… Clutch Flow Scenarios. Experiments in Fluids, 63(8): Article: 134, 2022. URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s …” „… production) [10] R. Leister, T. Fuchs, P. Mattern, and J. Kriegseis. Flow-structure identification in a …”

C. Sax, A. Stroh, R. Leister, M. Dreisbach, J. Kriegseis, C. Denda, P. Bürk Fluid-mechanical evaluation of different clutch geometries based on experimental and numerical investigations S. 109-124

„… , prediction of the drag torque, also the fluid mechanical influences need to be considered. The flow topology …” „… classification of three-dimensional flow fields. Physics of Fluids A: Fluid Dynamics 2(5), 765–777 (1990). [9 …” „… profile-sensors for peri-odic open wet clutch flow scenarios. Experiments in Fluids 63(8) (2022). [27] Neupert, T …”

L. Pointner-Gabriel, K. Voelkel, H. Pflaum, K Stahl A Methodology for Data-driven Modeling and Prediction of the Drag Losses of Wet Clutches S. 125-154

„… differential speed due to fluid shearing. The drag torque of a wet clutch can be determined accurately and …” „… differential speed due to fluid shearing. In particular, if several clutches in a drivetrain are disengaged at …” „… (computational fluid dynamics) models, while analytical calculation models allow only a rough, but …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-X

„… offenen nasslaufenden Lamellenkupplung – The fluid flow in an open wet clutch 99R. Leister, B. Frohnapfel …” „… (ISTM)Fluid-mechanical evaluation of different clutch geometries based on experimental and numerical investigations 109C …” „… . Sax, A. Stroh, R. Leister, M. Dreisbach, J. Kriegseis, Institute of Fluid Mechanics (ISTM), Karlsruhe …”

P. Strobl, T. Schneider, K. Voelkel, K. Stahl Influence of the Steel Plate on the Friction Behavior of Automotive Wet Disk Clutches S. 21-48

„… with an overall specific oil flow rate of 0.8 mm3∙(mm2∙s)-1 with respect to the nominal friction area A …” „… Properties of Automatic Transmission Fluids: Part I - Measurement of Friction-Sliding Speed Behavior …” „… et al. (2010) Frictional Properties of Automatic Transmission Fluids: Part II - Origins of …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024140

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Partitioned Fluid-Structure Interaction Simulation of Maritime Applications

Jorrid Lund

Series: Mechanik/Bruchmechanik

Volume 360 2024

Results in this title

Fluid mechanics S. 21-34

„… assumption of an incompressible flow is not only validfor incompressible fluids, but also valid for flows …” „… flow ϱv is the product of the density ϱ and the velocity vector v. Ifa fluid is incompressible, the …” „… flowsNow, the pressure term ptI must be extracted from the fluid stress tensor Tt. For anincompressible …”

Wave energy converter S. 62-70

„… the timeintegration method in the simulation.The fluid is simulated as a two-phase flow using the …” „… the timeintegration method in the simulation.The fluid is simulated as a two-phase flow using the …” „… system.OpenFOAM [75, 97] is used to simulate the three-dimensional fluid problem with theFVM (see Sec. 3.2 …”

Submersible mixer S. 71-80

„… here are performed with panMAREon the fluid side and ANSYS on the structural side coupled by the …” „… . 67].In addition to the strain, the inflow velocity (generated by the self-induced flow caused bythe …” „… in the main flow direction (coinciding with the x-direction) – using vaneanemometers [20, p. 66 …”

Introduction S. 1-4

„… flexible structure due to a fluid flow leads to a large deformation,the deformation can have a significant …” „… effect on the fluid flow. In these cases, the mutualdependency of the fluid and the structural behavior …” „… AbstractIn this work, the benefits of the partitioned approach in the fluid-structure interaction …”

Summary and outlook S. 118-123

„… anintroduction to the theoretical basis of FSI: structural mechanics, fluid mechanics, and thecoupling of both …” „… propeller parameters in the fluid mechanics chapter.In the main part of this thesis, four different …” „… structural andthe fluid field in every time step. To this end, static condensation was employed for theFWT …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-VIII

„… flexible structure due to a fluid flow leads to a large deformation,the deformation can have a significant …” „… effect on the fluid flow. In these cases, the mutualdependency of the fluid and the structural behavior …” „… Lund, M. Sc.HamburgPartitioned Fluid-Structure Interaction Simulation of Maritime ApplicationsCyan …”

Floating windturbine S. 49-61

„… 4 Fluid-structure interactioncontains the displacements on the FSI interface – and for the fluid …” „… a semi-submersible foroffshore wind turbines” (HyStOH) as part of the subproject “Fluid …” „… . This also applies to the setup presented here.The setup for the fluid simulation was developed in the …”

Ship propeller S. 81-117

„… simulation setup introducedin the previous chapter. The fluid simulation is conducted with panMARE, and …” „… the fluid mesh for the FSI simulation of the KCS propeller. The suctionand the pressure surface both …” „… . panMARE is able to simulate the wake roll-up in the fluid simulation. To this end,it is helpful to include …”

Structural mechanics S. 5-20

„… and fluid problems is introduced in Chapters 2 and 3.Then, Chapter 4 serves to lay out the theoretical …” „… (Eq. (2.73)) in the post-processing.203 Fluid mechanicsThis chapter introduces the basis for the …” „… understanding of fluid mechanics and the corre-sponding methods that are commonly used for the simulation of …”

Bibliography S. 124-138

„… . Bazilevs, K. Takizawa, T. Tezduyar, Computational fluid-structure interaction:methods and applications …” „… . Bungartz, M. Schäfer (Eds.), Fluid-Structure Interaction, Modelling, Simulationand Optimisation, Vol. 53 of …” „… Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering,Springer, 2006.[8] T. Richter, Fluid …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186360182

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A partitioned solution approach for fluid-structure interaction problems in the arterial system

Lars Radtke

Series: Mechanik/Bruchmechanik

Volume 353 2020

Results in this title

Bibliography S. 269-288

„… non-Newtonian fluids: A new flow equation for pseudoplastic systems”. In: Journal of Colloid Science 20.5 (1965 …” „… . 326–337. [110] R. I. Issa. “Solution of the implicitly discretised fluid flow equations by …” „… Engineering & Physics 33.1 (2011), pp. 38–46. [132] J. W. Lambert. “On the nonlinearities of fluid flow in …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-X

„… /VDI-Mitgliederpreis € 90,00. Keywords: fluid-structure interaction – blood flow – partitioned coupling – high-order …” „… structural solver for the three-dimensional fluid-structure interaction problem, a one-dimensional blood flow …” „… partitioned solution approach for fluid-structure interaction problems in the arterial system A …”

Applications S. 220-252

„… flow obtained from the vessel solver is distributed to the inlet boundary of the fluid model in terms …” „… terms of the flow, which is evaluated from the velocity by integration over the boundary. The fluid and …” „… fluid meshes for the considered arterial segments. in view of the intention of the study, which is to …”

Fluid-structure interaction in the arterial system S. 6-22

„… 2 Fluid-structure interaction in the arterial system The flow of blood through the cardiovascular …” „… fluid-structure interaction (FSI) in the arterial system, only a small segment can be simulated with such a high …” „… flow rates within different parts of the body. Let us consider an exemplary particle in the left …”

Numerical investigations S. 153-219

„… resolved model in terms of the flow prevailing at this point. Like the test simulations for the fluid …” „… flow is a standard benchmark problem for computational fluid dynamics. As illustrated in Fig. 5.36, it …” „… : Parameters for the benchmark case lid-driven cavity flow. fluid density ρf 1 kg/m3 kinematic viscosity νf …”

Introduction S. 1-5

„… computational mechanics, one is interested in the motion of solid bodies or fluids. The framework of continuum …” „… motion of fluids in regions with complex shape. Most other descriptions of mechanical phenomena evolve …” „… and sometimes it is necessary to combine different approaches. Fluid-structure interaction (FSI …”

Mechanical modeling of the arterial system S. 23-68

„… considered as the flow of a viscous fluid through a flexible structure, the problem can be stated as a …” „… the large deformations, e.g. vortices in the flow, which are common in fluid dynamics. However …” „… fluid-structure interaction in blood vessels describes the relation of flow and pressure in terms of an analogy to …”

Summary and Outlook S. 253-256

„… introduced. In addition to the fluid and the structural solver, a onedimensional blood flow solver and …” „… work. They enable three-dimensional simulations of the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) in such …” „… similar density of the fluid and structure. Accordingly, a major part of this work is concerned with the …”

Numerical methods S. 69-152

„… the fluid-structure interaction in the arterial system on different scales. The underlying equations …” „… three-dimensional fluid-structure interaction problem, is solved by the well-known finite-volume method (applied for …” „… the fluid mechanics subproblem (3.109–3.113)) and the finite element method (applied for the structure …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186353184

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International Conference on Gears 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2422 2023

Results in this title

C. Kunik, J. Kunert Wetting and oil flow analysis of planetary gearboxes using oil flow simulations S. 467-484

„… analyzing the fluid flow to ensure the lubrication of all components and increase the energy efficiency of a …” „… ) to analyze the fluid flow and evaluate the power losses for a wide range of gear unit variants in …” „… the evaluation of the fluid flow of 2- & 3-stage planetary gear units dependent on different gear unit …”

F. Concli, M. N. Mastrone Latest advancements in the lubrication simulations of geared systems: a technology ready for industrial applications S. 499-518

„… lubricant fluid flow in automotive transmission,” tech. rep., SAE Technical Paper, 2014. [51] S. Deshpande …” „… Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow, 2022. [67] E. Korsukova and H. Morvan, “Preliminary CFD simulations of …” „… investigation of splashing oil flow in a hypoid gearbox,” Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid …”

M. Reichl, P. Lenz, A. Oliva Challenges and possibilities of virtual development of e-axle transmissions S. 485-498

„… Simulationszeiten von 30 Sekunden und mehr, können VOF (Volume of Fluid) basierte Methoden kaum eingesetzt werden …” „… . Optimizing the oil flow via transparent transmissions is costly and only leads to limited insights regarding …” „… the oil flow within the transmission system.Virtualization and simulative predictions are therefore …”

J. Hongu, S. Hattori, J. Kato, T. Koide Gear friction coefficient estimation using directional parameter under ATF lubricated condition S. 753-762

„… estimation equation has been applied to only the case under manual transmission fluid (MTF) lubrication …” „… transmission fluid (ATF) lubricated conditions, which is the current mainstream oil in automobiles. Herein …” „… ] proposed the modified Reynolds equation considering the surface texture, called the “Average flow model …”

M. Gebhardt, A. Rhode, B. Legrady Lubrication improvement at the HS-IS spline shaft interface of a wind turbine gearbox using the smooth particle hydrodynamic method S. 519-536

„… Volume Method (FVM), discretizes the environment in which the fluid can flow. In the presence of moving …” „… flow.VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 5191. Introduction The failure rate of wind turbine main gearboxes in general is …” „… volume flows between models with and without ring VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 527Fig. 10: Oil flow at …”

K. Suzuki, K. Sakai, K. Sakai, T. Hara Considerations on Lubrication of High-Speed Rotating Gear (First Report) S. 741-752

„… Hara,Univance Corporation, Washizu, Kosai-city, Shizuoka-Pref., Japan Abstract Injected oil flow toward the gear …” „… that time. In this study, it was attempted to visualize the flow of air and oil around the gear during …” „… important issues for e-Axle. 3. Visualization of the lubrication state of high-speed rotating gear The flow …”

T. König, L. Cadau, L. Steidle, M. Kley, D. Cansu Güney, J. Albrecht, K. Weber A concept for comparison of new and aged lubricants in transmissions of electric vehicles and a method of oil aging on a test rig S. 1195-1206

„… such conditions in EVs. Lubricants generally consist of a base fluid, such as mineral oil or water …” „… , and several additives added to the base fluid [9]. The composition of bio based lubricants is subject …” „… ), elemental composition and air release properties can be evaluated [12]. Fluid properties can be determined …”

M. Ruzek, R. Brun, F. Ville, P. Velex, Y. Marchesse On the reduction of windage power losses in gears by the modification of tooth geometry S. 785-800

„… modifications shown in figure 1, in order to deviate the air flow in an attempt to reduce WPL. VDI-Berichte Nr …” „… associated with the bearings, shafts and timing belt. Two gears can be mounted in order to study the air flow …” „… of the computational domain (Fig. 6). The surrounding fluid is supposed to be pure air whose physical …”

M. Werner, S. Graf, M. Oehler, O. Koch Investigation of the electrical behavior of a spur gear stage pair by means of impedance measurements S. 67-80

„… Kaiserslautern-Landau Kaiserslautern AbstractIn electric drive trains, an undesirable current flow can occur over its …” „… inverter, an undesired current flow can occur via the machine elements in the current path due to the given …” „… undesired current flow VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 202368on the metallic contact partners of the respective …”

M. Yilmaz, M. Ayar, F. Zerulli, K. Humm, J. König, B. Schwarz Gearbox efficiency of eDrives: correlation between measurement and calculation of load-dependent torque losses S. 985-994

„… load-dependent torque losses. The no-load torque losses are mainly a result of the oil flow in the gearbox and …” „… Gear Fluids. Springer, volume 83, pp. 327 – 337 (2019). (11) Ohlendorf, H.: Stirnradgetriebe …” „… Fluidmodelle [Calculation of bearing friction with advanced rheological fluid models]. Wilhelm Leibniz …”

F. Reinle, D. Mangherini, A. Bongiovanni Enhancing gear performance through advanced mass finishing and DEM simulation S. 1777-1786

„… fully or partially abrasive - and a process fluid, typically a mixture of water and compounds that keep …” „… ring gear process. The simulation is carried out until a steady-state flow of the media in the …” „… . Fig. 6: Ring gear and holder immersed into 7 million particles, cut of the flow in front of the part …”

W. Ramdane, C. Changenet, S. S. Ouali, C. Chevrel-Fraux, P. Casanova Thermal model of a planetary gear set using an isothermal approach S. 451-466

„… is used to solve the problem: power losses and heat flow are calculated versus time. Which leads to …” „… losses. Similar studies for splash lubricated systems are sparse. Boni [5] analyses the oil flow in an …” „… and ˙ the heat flow between the planetary gear set and its surrounding environment. Power losses …”

R. Beilicke, D. Bartel, L. Bobach Simulation-based optimization of gearing efficiency using thin coatings S. 975-984

„… more frequently to reduce fluid friction as well as churning and pumping losses. At operating …” „… gap, viscosity, thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity as well as non-Newtonian flow behavior …” „… be clearly seen that in the case of a one-sided coating, the heat flow into the coated gear is …”

U. Cihak-Bayr, T. Wopelka, C. Wintersteiger Effect of LOL conditions under high velocity and high injection temperatures S. 763-778

„… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023770doubles. The respective lubrication gap heights normal to and in flow direction …” „… flow direction and (b) in flow direction in the middle of the disc width. Influence of topography is …” „… testing for Gear Lubricants in “Bench testing of industrial fluid lubrication and wear properties” by …”

L. Binanzer, L. Merkle, M. Dazer, A. Nicola Pitting Detection for Prognostics and Health Management in Gearbox Applications S. 97-108

„… or with constant oil flow and oil cooling and heating. In the present study, the tests are carried …” „… = 25/36 Fluid FVA reference oil No. 3 [12] Load levels according DOE test plan Pitting size in % No …”

J. Vorgerd, P. Tenberge, M. Steinrötter Scuffing load carrying capacity of high-speed gears with an isotropic superfinished surface S. 227-242

„… . Influences of roughness, fluid film thickness and tangential speed are partially considered in the …” „… gears surface in discrete times steps. In each time step the flow of frictional heat into the material …” „… conditions and ideal contact conditions. Frictional heat of the contact points flows orthogonally into the …”

E. Grabovic, A. Artoni, M. Gabiccini, E. Ciulli Exploration of trade-offs between NVH and efficiency in bevel gear design S. 853-880

„… 𝑓 and 𝑓 are the friction coefficients related to the hydrodynamic (full fluid) and the boundary …” „… of Fluid Film Lubrication. McGraw-Hill Education, ISE Editions (1994) VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 …” „… . Furthermore, numerical noise caused Fig. 4: Flowchart of the parallelized micro-geometry optimization …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024225

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Untersuchung der Strömungs- und Vermischungsphänomene in schnelllaufenden hydrodynamischen Turbinengleitlagern

Stephan Uhkötter

Series: Strömungstechnik

Volume 504 2016

Results in this title

Literatur S. 136-158

„… Fluid Flow Based on the Volume of Fluid Method“. In: ICHMT Digital Library Online 13 (2008). [152] Y …” „… the Turbulent Flow in a Smooth Lid-Driven Cavity“. In: Proceedings of the ASME 2013 Fluids Engineering …” „… . Street. „On End Wall Effects in a Lid-Driven Cavity Flow“. In: Journal of Fluids Engineering 106.4 (Dez …”

Lagertaschenbetrachtung S. 59-112

„… % Positioniergenauigkeit: 5% Partikel Generator: Flow Tracker 700 CE mit einem maximalem Druck von 4,0 bar Partikel Fluid …” „… . Eine Aufskalierung und Verwendung eines abweichenden Fluids im Modell ist zulässig, da es sich sowohl …” „… experimentell nur sehr schwer nachvollziehbare Phänomene, wie die Vermischung zweier Fluide, in annehmbarer …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186504074

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Kupplungen und Kupplungssysteme in Antrieben 2021

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2382 2021

Results in this title

R. Leister, J. Kriegseis, B. Frohnapfel, D. Gatti, A. F. Najafi Analytical modeling and dimensionless characteristics of open wet clutches in consideration of gravity S. 129-144

„… open state condition. The flow conditions in the fluid flow of an open wet clutches are analyzed by …” „… technique of numerical analysis inherently is in need of appropriate fluid flow models and the …” „… lack of the fact of an energy loss in open state condition. The flow conditions in the fluid flow of …”

V. Föge, S. Blaschke New semi-dry friction solution for highly integrated active torque-controlled drives S. 103-114

„… application depending on the oil flow-rate. Respectively we have a wide spread from 6.000.000 L oil flow over …” „… lower viscosity fluids. The high customer expectations concerning comfort do not allow any NVH (Noise …” „… oil volume and/or use of new fluid technologies with very low viscosity leads to new challenges in …”

R. Leister, S. Pasch, B. Frohnapfel, J. Kriegseis, P. Mattern, T. Fuchs Hochaufgelöste, optische Geschwindigkeitsmessungen in einer radialgenuteten, offenen, nasslaufenden Lamellenkupplung S. 313-318

„… phase resolved 1D3C velocity field of the gap and was able to resolve all relevant flow structures. As …” „… flow and offer the potential to be part of design and construction process at an early stage of such …” „… (2002) [6] Leister, R., Fuchs, T., Mattern, P., Kriegseis, J.: Flow structure identification in a …”

M. Hoić, B. Škugor, A. Miklik, J. Deur, A. Tissot Experimental characterization and modeling of dry clutch wear with emphasis on fading effect S. 265-278

„… multi-axis and stiff torque/normal force piezoelectric sensory equipment. Cooling fluid which flows through …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023822

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Partitioned Solution Strategies for Strongly-Coupled Fluid-Structure Interaction Problems in Maritime Applications

Marcel König

Series: Mechanik/Bruchmechanik

Volume 351 2018

Results in this title

Bibliography S. 252-266

„… element modeling of fluid flow with moving free surfaces and interfaces including fluid-solid interaction …” „… fluid-structure interaction between elastic object and laminar incompressible flow”. In: Fluid …” „… discretised fluid flow equations by operatorsplitting”. In: Journal of Computational Physics 62 (1985), pp …”

Benchmark Problems S. 158-217

„… flexible membrane in channel flow. Parameter FSI1 FSI2 FSI3 Fluid Density ρf/kg/m3 103 103 103 Kinematic …” „… , and (c) fluid mesh for the spherical dome in channel flow. 182 6.9 Pressure Pulse in a Straight …” „… laminar flow of an incompressible Newtonian fluid through a straight elastic vessel. Originally proposed …”

Fluid Problems S. 5-24

„… technical and most maritime applications, the Mach number Ma of the flow, which relates the maximum fluid …” „… restrictions on the behavior of the fluid flow, which leads to Laplace’s equation as the governing equation …” „… 2 Fluid Problems In this chapter, we discuss the governing fluid equations and present two …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVI

„… Partitioned Solution Strategies for Strongly-Coupled Fluid-Structure Interaction Problems in Maritime …” „… Applications Partitioned Solution Strategies for Strongly-Coupled Fluid-Structure Interaction Problems in …” „… Fluid-Structure Interaction Problems in Maritime Applications M.Sc. Marcel König, Hamburg Mechanik …”

Introduction S. 1-4

„… coupled if the fluid flow induces a structural deformation that is, however, considered small enough to …” „… structural deformation is considered to have a notable impact on the behavior of the fluid flow and vice …” „… 1 Introduction Coupled multifield problems in general and fluid-structure interaction (FSI …”

Advanced Applications S. 218-240

„… assumption of potential flow and solve this fluid problem using the BEM implemented in panMARE [12]. Due to …” „… varying fluid pressure p(z) = −ρwgz and an added mass coefficient ζ = 1 includes the effect of increased …” „… flow field around the floating platform. In order to save computational cost, we again resort to the …”

Coupled Problems S. 42-97

„… problem. A prominent example of surface-coupled problems are FSI problems, where the fluid flow causes a …” „… deformation of the mechanical structure, which in turn also leads to a change in the surrounding fluid flow …” „… 4 Coupled Problems Having reviewed the fluid and structural equations in Chapter 2 and 3, we will …”

Software Library comana S. 98-157

„… solved several times within the same time increment (lines 6 and 14). Furthermore, the program flow …” „… communication to the master process (line 18). Since these functions interrupt the regular program flow of the …” „… various open source and commercial solvers for fluid dynamics, structural mechanics and thermodynamics …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186351180

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XXXVI. Internationales μ-Symposium – Bremsen-Fachtagung

Ralph Meyer (ed.)

Series: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Volume 806 2017

Results in this title

M. Streitenberger, S. Yigit, J. Wuchatsch Multiphysical Simulation of Brake Fluid Temperature Rise during Mountain Descent S. 97-114

„… performed. The flow field and the temperature distribution in fluid and solids are determined in a …” „… 97 Multiphysical Simulation of Brake Fluid Temperature Rise during Mountain Descent M …” „… marcel.streitenberger@opel.com 1 Abstract During excessive braking, brake fluid temperature within hydraulic brakes rises. As a …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186806123

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LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2427 2023

Results in this title

S. Geißler, T. Herlitzius Simulation of filling and venting operations in agricultural cold heat networks by using CFD and the Volume of Fluid method S. 417-424

„… two-phase flow model is created using the Volume of Fluid method. Intention The Storage of warmth or cold …” „… interface between the fluids is only implicitly known in the VOF method. It is suited to simulate flows of …” „… operate first. A further increase of the volumetric flow is required to ensure that all pipes are flowed …”

X. Tian, R. P. Jenkins, J. Lengacher, A. Vacca, S. Fiorati, F. Pintore, D. Cristofori An Analysis of Mixed Hydraulic and Electric Configurations for the Actuation of Tractor Auxiliary and Implement Functions to Reduce Power Consumption S. 1-14

„… , seeders, and bailers, where the conventional actuation technology is fluid power. The state-of the-art …” „… characterized with high-pressure, low-flow rate operational characteristics. Together with the high cost for …” „… flow rate levels are taken into consideration. Calculation will be taken to trace back the mechanical …”

S. Becka CFD/DEM coupling for the optimization of air conveyor sections of pneumatic seed drills S. 413-416

„… the flow velocities inside a distribution head. The aim is to homogenize the air distribution to the …” „… outlets. With the aid of statistical methods, different geometric variables influencing the flow behaviour …” „… resulting air distribution. Fig. 1: Flow simulation of the distribution head Finally, grains imaged by …”

A. Tamrakar, M. Roberge Grain Handling Simulations in Combine Harvester – Simulation Development, Validation and Optimization S. 395-402

„… models of grain flow that can be used for design improvements and operation optimization. In this paper …” „… , a review of high-fidelity Discrete-Element Method (DEM) simulations used to model grain flow through …” „… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2427, 2023 395engineers, for example, can study how changes in grain flow rate affect the …”

D. Jung, M. Rittershofer Side Slope Compensation Conveyor for Combine Harvesters S. 125-130

„… Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis was performed to optimize the design and compared against the current …” „… material distribution on the sieve surfaces. Therefore, most of the air stream flows through the unloaded …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024270

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Model-Based Control of a Turbocharged Diesel Engine with High- and Low-Pressure Exhaust Gas

Matthias Patrick Alexander Mrosek

Series: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Volume 803 2017

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Semi-Physical Mean Value Engine Model S. 12-33

„… Value Engine Model For compressible fluids the flow restriction can be treated as an isenthalpic …” „… cooling fluid is the engine coolant, while the intercooler is cooled by an air flow. These heat exchangers …” „… depend on the volume flow rates of the gas PVgas and the cooling fluid PVcl, while the surface areas …”

Engine Configuration and Modelling S. 8-11

„… pressure level. Further, it has the objectives to reduce the air mass flow rate in case of a Diesel …” „… mass flow rates. At low mass flow rates the guiding vanes of the VGT are closed, so that the gas is …” „… further accelerated and the turbine delivers more power to drive the compressor. At high mass flow rates …”

System Properties of the Air Path with HP- and LP-EGR S. 34-60

„… OPmeth can be determined via the flow equation for compressible fluids (3.22). Finally, the states in the …” „… the flow equation for compressible fluids (3.22) cannot be easily solved. However, sith should …” „… throttle the mass flow rate only moderate. Hence, the flow equation for incompressible fluids (3.21) is …”

Bibliography S. 190-204

„… . MTZ worldwide edition, 73(2):30–36. Bohn, D., Heuer, T., and Kusterer, K. (2005). Conjugate flow and …” „… edition, 71(10):34–39. Greitzer, E. (1976). Surge and rotating stall in axial flow compressors - Part 1 …” „… , M., and Stefanopoulou, A. G. (1997). Issues in modelling and control of intake flow in variable …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XX

„… Turbocharger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 3.3.1 Mass Flow Rate …” „… Signal Flow Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 3.5 Summary …” „… Flow Diagram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 7.4.7 Conclusions on the …”

Air Path Control Design and Dynamical Reference Value Generation S. 102-167

„… for compressible fluids. Instead, the mass flow rates corresponding to the reference values Pmhp …” „… mean value model the HP-EGR-valve is not modelled by the flow equation for compressible fluids. Instead …” „… incompressible fluids. Next, the turbine flow equation (3.22) is solved for the currently allowed maximal turbine …”

Emission and Combustion Models S. 61-85

„… combustion process by computational fluid dynamics, multi-zone or single-zone models. These models utilise …” „… b) and Mrosek (2017). In a nutshell these dynamics depend on engine speed, gas volume flow in the …” „… in the intake and exhaust system, while pressures and mass flow rate can be measured without …”

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Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2018

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2328 2018

Results in this title

M. Behzad, V. Saxena, M. Schaefer Thermal-hydrodynamic optimization of grooves in a wet clutch S. I-101-I-118

„… software [8]. Eulerian two-phase laminar flow of air and ATF along with Volume of Fluid (VOF) interface …” „… ) PA (b) PA SP SP VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 2018 107 To analyze flow-fields in NA and PA grooves, the …” „… flow-through for NA groove and a lower flow oscillation at the ID boundary in FRP=850rpm case compared to FRP …”

C. Ahn Churning oil path optimization process development – Application of moving particle simulation method to design process S. I-95-I-100

„… transmission of optimized oil flow during the design stage. And bench test shows successful result …” „… . Introduction During transmission design process, many different kinds of dynamic fluid simulations are …” „… required to analize oil flow. For the transsmission design, churning oil path is one of the most important …”

R. Bredtmann, M. Beck, O. Mühlfeld, K. Olesen, O. Shajarati Robust multi-chip power module for effective integration to automotive powertrains – Danfoss DCM™1000 meets future automotive requirements S. II-1-II-18

„… effective heat transfer. But the changes of direction of the flow force the fluid flow into a rotation, or …” „… improved performance is the swirl effect in the cooling channels. The flow in the channels is laminar …” „… rivers [14]. The bypass creates a flow transverse to the flow direction in the meandering channels …”

T. Smejkal, C. Wirth Innovative transmission topologies using the example of a P2-hybridtransmission for front-transverse applications S. I-147-I-162

„… other. While the power flow of one gear is coupled to the motor, the next gear is preselected by …” „… engaging the respective synchronizers. According to the shift strategy, the next gear’s power flow is …” „… preselect the next gear using dog clutches and the power flow is engaged by closing one of the open LSE …”

J. van der Meer, G. Hangen, J. Uhlig The new plug-in hybrid module as an addition to the AUDI S tronic gearbox family – Design, layout and manufacture S. I-451-I-464

„… gearbox housing. The electric drive motor and clutch are operated within the automatic transmission fluid …” „… . The fluid has lubricating as well as cooling functions. In addition to oil cooling, water cooling of …” „… water cooling jacket of the stator, the automatic transmission fluid of the disengagement clutch in the …”

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Dritev – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2020

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2373 2020

Results in this title

V. Null A new generation of thermal fluid technology for high performance charging of electric vehicles – How new thermal fluids can enhance battery performance in EVs S. II-97-II-108

„… very high flow rates. Immersive cooling with Shell Thermal Fluid E5 TM is much more effective. With …” „… profiles under different fluid flow conditions. The computational chemistry group at the Shell Technology …” „… modules filled with Shell Thermal Fluid E5 TM 410 under static conditions (no oil flow) .Successful ‘Pass …”

S. Reuter, H. De Keyser, M. Doppelbauer Performance study of a PMSM with molded stator and composite housing With internal slot cooling – resulting in high continuous power S. II-17-II-32

„… undercuts are possible. To distribute the cooling fluid a simple loop flow pattern was chosen and can be …” „… parallel. The volume flow appears to be consistent even with variations of the total fluid flow. Fig. 21 …” „… transfer cylinder and then pressure is applied to the ram(piston), causing the composite material to flow …”

K. Sakai, T. Kishimoto, T. Kobayashi, T. Maekawa, T. Shinohara, M. Ogawa Development of the new chain CVT for middle capacity S. I-79-I-88

„… . Oil Pump with 2-Port Discharge The previous oil pump had some mechanical power loss since oil flow …” „… facing paper shape at the reverse clutch (Fig. 12). Furthermore, viscosity of the CVT fluid being …” „… : CVT fluid viscosity VDI-Berichte Nr. 2373, 2020 85 Fig. 14: Baffle plate for variator 3.4 …”

K. Kim New high efficiency CVT for middle class FWD vehicle S. I-271-I-284

„… this changes, there are also changes in power flow. The hub of the brake was changed to integrate with …” „… by 6.1mm. The input of power flow was changed from sungear to annulus-gear, and output of power flow …” „… is increased by using cooling fluid from engine, which can contribute to the improvement of fuel …”

H. Gürbüz, S. Ott, A. Sutschet, J. Kern Highly efficient clutch system for multispeed BEV S. I-119-I-132

„… is due to the increased fluid friction at the moment of switching. In addition to the constant …” „… coated material, diameter stage 2, pressure stage 2, oil temperature 40°C, oil flow 0.5l/min …” „… 2, pressure stage 2, oil temperature 40°C, oil flow 0.5l/min, lubrication via shaft drilling …”

P. Tenberge, A. Alnahlaui E-drive and hybrid-drive with 2 high-speed E-motors and a 2-speed gearbox S. I-233-I-252

„… traction contacts. In the sliding rolling contacts of the traction bodies, a traction fluid is compressed …” „… . Traction fluids from the Japanese oil and additive supplier Idemitsu Kosan Co. Ltd. can create traction …” „… two power outputs of the electric motors flow together. The first electric motor E1 drives the shaft …”

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DRITEV – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2021

VDI-Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2381 2021

Results in this title

R. R. Kasibhatla, P. Neidhardt, K. Caliskan Thermal Simulation according to Maturity Level in E-Drive Development S. 61-76

„… losses can be put into correlation to temperature, rotation speed, volume flow and fluid parameters …” „… https://www.ansys.com/de-de/resource-center/webinar/improvement-of-thermal-cfdemmodels-by-introduction-of-fmu-submodels Patankar, S. V. (1980). Numerical heat transfer and fluid flow. Taylor & Francis Inc. ZF …” „… all boundaries, interfaces, material properties and heat flow paths. The advantage of 3D simulation …”

A. Nees Flexible Electro-hydraulic Actuation System for Multi-speed Electrified Drivetrains – Requirements and Concept S. 275-290

„… . This requires a smooth power shift at all times. Transmission fluid will remain an important part of …” „… central pump is needed while pressure and flow control for the shift elements is done by smaller size …” „… actuation concept, especially for multi-speed EDUs. Hydraulic fluid, is obviously required. As shown …”

F. Bayer, J. Tochtermann Development of a Heavy-Duty E-Axle S. 621-636

„… direct oil cooling. As the cooling fluid directly touches the main heat source, namely the end and …” „… points and input values. From there, a first draft calculation of the required amount of cooling fluid …” „… number of different fluids, the decision was made to have only one common oil sump for e-motor cooling …”

A. R. Lowis, R. Smith hofer H8-DCT-850 – High Performance Dual Clutch Transmission for transaxle application S. 179-190

„… maintenance. The DCT concept required a low flow/high pressure hydraulic supply to actuate clutches and …” „… select gears. It also required a high flow/low pressure cooling and lubrication supply, to underpin the …” „… 135 mm Weight (inc. fluids) 175 kg Detailed evaluation of alternative concepts led to the …”

S. Dussinger, T. Wiedemann, B. Harter, B. Wiedenmann Simulation of induced axial forces on planet gear bearings at example of ZF’s 8-speed automatic transmission S. 469-486

„… investigations on the topic of oil management by coupling computational fluid dynamic and finite element solver …” „… a fluid with the assumption that its influence on the kinematics of the mechanical structure is …” „… for the planetary needles is defined to possibly mimic effects from the oil fluid inside the planet …”

T. Hillesheim Energy-efficient Hydraulic Control for the Multi-speed Transmission of an Electric Vehicle S. 319-328

„… at a constant flow rate - switchable oil pumps with one high-pressure and one low-pressure stage …” „… non-switchable oil pump with constant flow rate, and on the other hand, a hydraulic accumulator developed by …” „… using the oil pump with constant flow rate, the pump supplies the lubricating oil (which acts at the …”

C. Schmidt, H. Dhejne, J. Karlsson High Efficient 2 speed e-Axle – Highly efficient and shiftable under load S. 145-158

„… e-motor as an example. By using a smart and sophisticated power flow architecture, we can guarantee a …” „… oil flow is in axial direction through the stator slots and allows a direct heat dissipation from the …” „… conductors to the fluid. The oil is kept VDI-Berichte Nr. 2381, 2021150 inside the slator slots due to …”

M. Hein, J. Pellkofer, K. Michaelis, T. Tobie, K. Stahl, D. Kadach Test method A/16,6/90 with injection lubrication for discriminating different lubricants for dual-clutch transmissions S. 437-452

„… /2,76/50 ISO 14635‐3 flow greases variable speed EP step test A10/16,6R/90 A10/16,6R/120 FVA 243 ISO …” „… method A10/16,6/90 was established for automotive gear transmission fluids. The underlying …” „… gears are lubricated by spray lubrication with a flow rate of 1,0 l/min and controlled oil inlet …”

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wt Werkstattstechnik online

Browse Volumes: wt Werkstattstechnik online

wt Volume 95 (2005) Issue 3 ISSN Online: 1436-4980

Results in this title

S. Güttler, T. Lenz Mikrodurchflusssensorik für höherviskose Fluide – Ein optisches Messverfahren für mittel- und hochviskose Substanzen S. 162-166

„… flow rate sensor for higher viscous fluids – An optical micro flow measure system for intermediately …” „… dis-pensing systems for intermediately and highly viscous fluids we deve-loped an optical micro flow measure …” „… impurities or added tracer particles in the flowing liquid. We present a precise micro flow rate sensor for …”

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International Conference on Gears 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2389 2022

Results in this title

L. Hildebrand, F. Dangl, M. Sedlmair, T. Lohner, K. Stahl CFD analysis on the oil flow of a gear stage with guide plate S. 677-694

„… Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations of the oil flow in gearboxes, essential information can be …” „… of the gearbox fluid flow with the guide plate was assumed to be causal. Otto [37] analyzed the …” „… study aims at extending the understanding of guided multiphase fluid flow in gearboxes and highlights …”

J. J. Zhang, Prof. Y. M. Hu, X. X Luan, Z. S. Zhang Research on the effectiveness of roelands formula with constant VPC in EHL of higher pair contact S. 119-132

„… continuity equation can be derived according to the fact that the net mass flowrate out of the fluid element …” „… Volume force vector of the fluid and solid (N/m3) Velocity strain tensor (1/s), ( ) / 2TV V Fr Froude …” „… (μm)N Viscosity of Newtonian fluid (Pa s)cenh VCentral film thickness in the constant VPC condition (μm …”

B. Legrady, M. Taesch, G. Tschirschnitz, C. F. Mieth Prediction of churning losses in an industrial gear box with spiral bevel gears using the smoothed particle hydrodynamic method S. 651-664

„… the fact that the fluid flow within gearboxes is inherently complex. This is caused by the complexly …” „… gear-scaling obsolete. Although overall fluid flow was reproduced accurately [19], [20], [21], [22] this method …” „… interlocking region resulted in a load-dependent and -independent loss increase. Computational fluid dynamics …”

Y. Marchesse, M. Ruzek, F. Ville, P. Velex On windage power loss reduction achieved by flanges S. 665-676

„… the fluid flow is aspired and then ejected by the tooth. When one flange is present at the suction …” „… side (especially when the clearance remains lower than 5 mm) the possibility to aspire a fluid flow is …” „… surrounding fluid is supposed to be pure air, the physical properties are evaluated at 25 °C (e.g. ρ = 1.185 …”

F. Reinle, D. Mangherini, E. Morgano, A. Bongiovanni Combining improved gear efficiency and improved fatigue performance through mass finishing S. 609-620

„… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2389, 2022 609usually fully or partly abrasive – and process fluid e.g. water and compounds to …” „… immersion can also by adapted to adjust the process flow for different workpiece geometries. The rotation of …” „… , an excellent process media flow could be generated. 1 Media in container 2 Workpiece holder 3 …”

H.-J. Dennig, L. Zumofen, A. Kirchheim, S. Winterberg, D. Stierli Increasing the safety against scuffing of additive manufactured gear wheels by internal cooling channels S. 1345-1364

„… addition to the manufacturing of force-flow-optimised lightweight structures, e.g., those used in …” „… possible. The next key function defines the flow principle: to connect several teeth, a serial or a …” „… parallel flow can be chosen. These two forms of flow are fundamentally different and have specific …”

A. Baumann, B. Bertsche Coefficient of friction behavior of gear oils and significance for the meshing process of spur gears S. 745-762

„… elastohydrodynamic fluid friction at high speeds. The investigations show that the coefficient of friction behavior …” „… transmission through the fluid. The coefficient of friction is a property that is dominated by the type of base …” „… oil and the type of VI improver in the area of mixed and fluid friction, especially with additional …”

W. Kassem, M. Oehler, B. Sauer, S. Schmidt, J. Hausmann Investigation of the time-dependent behavior of plastic gears with local tribological simulation S. 1281-1294

„… plastic material model component, flow curves are specified as a function of temperature. In the case of …” „… height of the lubrication gap in the tooth contact and the shear stresses responsible for the fluid …” „… friction mechanism is thus divided into boundary and fluid friction. The division is carried out by means …”

D. Mevissen, L. Uhlmann, U. Kupper, J. Brimmers, T. Bergs Analysis of friction of bowl-shaped surface structures resulting from alternative gear manufacturing processes S. 1371-1382

„… turning speeds of the specimens. The reduction of the fluid friction ratio in the first part of the …” „… much as the wire-eroded surface. In the region of boundary friction as well as in the region with fluid …” „… , where the machine-hammer-peened variant a070 showed the best friction coefficient in the region of fluid …”

M. Zalfen, J. Lovenich, O. Malinowski, C. Brecher, J. Brimmers, S. Neus, S. Stark, D. Kruger Test rig concept for high power VHCF gear testing S. 485-498

„… design is chosen. This can provide adequate stiffness and damping at a much lower oil flow rate compared …” „… oil flow back into the housing, thus enabling a closed lubricant circuit. Due to special requirements …” „… high flow rates, contactless centrifugal seals are used. These are, in contrast to contacting seals …”

A. Gebhard, W. Kassem, M. Oehler Cylinder-on-ring model wear tests as an input data source for the simulation of friction and wear of plastic gears S. 1133-1148

„… described in Fig. 3using a simplified flow chart.Fig. 3: Simplified calculation process of the gear …” „… is divided into boundary friction and fluid friction by means of a factor - the solid body contact …” „… division of the total friction into boundary and fluid friction is performed. With the locally acting line …”

J. Vorgerd, P. Tenberge, M. Joop Scuffing of cylindrical gears with pitch line velocities up to 100 m/s S. 903-914

„… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2389, 2022 905by an inner housing. By measuring the oil volume flow, the oil injection …” „… ] Facewidth T [Nm] Torque cp [∙] Specific heat capacity V [l/min] Oil volume flow da [mm] Tip circle …” „… ] Hertzian stress εα [-] Transverse contact ratio tK [s] Local contact time λ [-] Specific fluid film …”

P. Barreiro, S. Pfrimmer, G. Armutcu, J. Hermes Quality improvement of an aluminum gearbox housing by implementing additive manufacturing S. 1429-1446

„… , the most common defects are gas porosity, shrinkage holes, hot cracking, flow marks, misruns, and cold …” „… enable AM without supporting material and with a good flow, in order to remove the powder after printing …” „… temperature nor the fluids were taken into account. The FEM model was made with the casting die as the …”

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Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2018

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DRITEV – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2021

wt Werkstattstechnik online

International Conference on Gears 2022