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International Conference on Gears 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2422 2023

Results in this title

J.-A. Meis Parametric system simulation of load sharing in planetary gearboxes S. 269-280

„… Parametric system simulation of load sharing in planetary gearboxes Load sharing factor under …” „… just a deformation simulation. Example simulations and results for the load sharing factor To present …” „… . Without the deviations, the load sharing factor in the simulation is almost exactly 1.0. Fig. 12: Load …”

M. Geitner, S. Preintner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Simulation Study on the Tribological Characteristics in the Meshing Contact in the Context of the Load Carrying Capacity Calculation of Internal Gears with Unbalanced Sliding Conditions S. 429-450

„… Conditions for Simulation The load stage test according to [20] (based on the micropitting test according to …” „… active profile determined by TEHL simulation (left: influence of the load stage with = const. = 2.0 m/s …” „… simulation (left: influence of the load stage with = const. = 2.0 m/s, right: influence of the …”

N. De Bie, W. Smet, T. Van Der Kamp Assessing gear mesh misalignment in a parallel gear set by transmission error measurements S. 291-300

„… : Case study 2 – simulation model description In the updated simulation model the load pattern and …” „… error load dependency comparisonTo validate the enhanced simulation model and the corresponding mesh …” „… simulation results are plotted as lines. An almost perfect match in flank load distribution VDI-Berichte Nr …”

A. Alnahlaui, P. Tenberge Optimised statistical evaluation for the determination of tooth root endurance strength S. 19-32

„… , the first simulation test, Table 2, is repeated with test load reduction to 95% on tooth 2 as can be …” „… and reliability by increasing its load capacity and at the same time reducing its size. To obtain more …” „… simulation is carried out. The statistical investigation allows to make a statistical statement about various …”

A. Baseer, B. Bauer, C. Wang Mesh Load Factor in Multiple Planetary Stage Gearboxes S. 281-290

„… Mesh Load Factor in Multiple Planetary Stage Gearboxes Drivetrain Simulation Abdul Baseer, Dr …” „… quantifies the influences of the total system on the mesh load factor of a specific planetary gear stage. In …” „… system on K will be analyzed and introduced. This is done based on multibody simulation (MBS) approach …”

S. Sepp, A. Wenig, M. Otto, K. Stahl Acoustical behavior of periodic flank modifications under dynamic operating conditions S. 341-356

„… the typical compromise between the flank design objectives load carrying ca-pacity and low excitation …” „… validated by experimental data.Keywords Gear Noise Excitation, Calculation and Simulation, Periodic Flank …” „… load carrying capacity and low excitation behavior which results from the exclusive use of standard …”

C. Westphal, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Influence of Axis Misalignments in Stepped Planetary Gear Stages on the Excitation Behavior – Test Rig Development and Simulative Analysis S. 175-190

„… and a negative influence on the width load distribution [4]. The simulation of the misalignment …” „… axis misalignments. Simulations with a constrained sun shaft show that the load sharing is …” „… test rig is modeled in the dynamic multibody simulation. The tooth contact is modeled using the force …”

M. Willecke, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Experimental Investigation of the load carrying capacity of beveloid gears with optimized flank topography S. 125-138

„… Experimental Investigation of the load carrying capacity of beveloid gears with optimized flank …” „… reduces the load-carrying capacity compared to a line contact. To calculate the tooth root load …” „… , 2023 125calculation method, two geometries were designed whose load-carrying capacity was investigated …”

M. Vivet, A. Rezayat, J. Verhoogen, K. Kucukcoskun, S. Donders Numerical analysis of bevel gear transmission acoustic emission using a 3D gear contact force model within a multibody system dynamics simulation environment S. 689-702

„… within a multibody system dynamics simulation environmentDr. M. Vivet, Dr. A. Rezayat, J. Verhoogen, Dr …” „… dynamics within a flexible multibody system dynamics simulation. The use case of gear whine is simulated …” „… model in the time domain, are used as input for vibro-acoustic simulations to determine the drivetrain’s …”

S. Matkovič, D. Šeruga, M. Nagode, M. Kalin Prediction of tooth root fatigue failure of polymer gears for dry and oil lubricated contact and its comparison to experimentally obtained results S. 1301-1318

„… constant values throughout all steps. The simulation was conducted for all three load conditions analysed …” „… should be obtained on real-scale polymer gears and performed measurements at least at four different load …” „… load, or torque. Too high load can cause severe deformation, which, among other obvious issues, leads …”

J. Sanchez-Espiga, A. Diez-Ibarbia, M. Iglesias, A. Fernandez-del-Rincon, F. Viadero, J. Calvo-Irisarri, A. Fernandez-Sison Statistical study of the mesh load factor of planetary gear transmissions affected by inherent manufacturing errors S. 139-156

„… Statistical study of the mesh load factor of planetary gear transmissions affected by inherent …” „… gear transmissions performance represented by the mesh load factor (K ) affected by inherent …” „… which the manufacturing errors lead to mesh load factor results that do not comply with the standard set …”

M. Reichl, P. Lenz, A. Oliva Challenges and possibilities of virtual development of e-axle transmissions S. 485-498

„… Challenges and possibilities of virtual development of e-axle transmissionsSPH-Simulation with …” „… bearings. Due to the demand for long simulation times of 30 seconds and more, VOF (Volume of Fluid) based …” „… geometries and kinematics with the required real times.In the following paper an SPH-based simulation method …”

K. Yanagisawa, K. Kamoshida, A. Domon Prediction of Gear Fatigue Life Considering Glass Fiber Orientation S. 1351-1360

„… reinforced materials are used for gears that are used under high load conditions (e.g. gear for electric …” „… repeated loads during operation, fatigue is one of the most important design requirements.2. Mechanical …” „… oriented parallel to the load direction, the reinforcement by the glass works strongly, and the elastic …”

T. Tra My Truong, S. Schumann, B. Schlecht On the Testing of Flank Fracture Calculations Based on 3D-Gears S. 243-256

„… objective, the geometry is first calculated and the 3D local stresses are determined based on the load …” „… , either by or simulation or theory. The capacity to withstand stress that can derived from VDI-Berichte Nr …” „… . Dif-ferent approaches are tested and compared to estimate the load-bearing capacity with regard to flank …”

J. Lövenich, M. Zalfen, D. Mevissen, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Crack growth based tooth root life prediction model – an influence quantity analysis S. 109-124

„… turbo gearbox applications is the high number of load cycles reached by the gearbox components …” „… 106 and AGMA up to 107 load cycles which is far less than the expected life-time of turbo gearbox …” „… applications. To design gears for geared turbofans safely and weight-optimized, the tooth root load capacity in …”

M. Rothemund, M. Otto, K. Stahl Applicability of classic analytical calculation approaches for the design of plastic gears S. 1483-1498

„… volume but mainly for applications under low load. Current trends are leading to the design and …” „… approaches of Weber/Banaschek and Schmidt for contact analysis and the load-carrying capacity calculation of …” „… of fast calculation methods for load capacity calculations, whether in the form of standards or …”

J. Zheng, D. Qin, C. Liu A Novel Dynamic Modeling Method of High-Speed Thin-Rimmed Gear Transmission S. 1279-1286

„… comparison between simulation and experiment. The effects of centrifugal force and gear body flexible …” „… and finite element model (FEM) and then carried out simulation analysis and experimental studies for …” „… contrasting the simulation and test results, the validity of the model was confirmed. The effects of gear body …”

P. Chavan, M. Lutz Validation of an industrial gearbox model for predicting vibro-acoustic behavior S. 619-632

„… requirements of load carrying capacity, service life as well as acoustic behavior can be achieved. Flexible …” „… Multi Body Simulation (MBS) models are increasingly employed for prediction and analysis of the …” „… their dynamic behavior under various operating conditions and loads. In this approach, the shafts …”

N. Missal, S. Schwertel, M. Ludwig The next level of axial forming for a sustainable component and process chain design S. 1765-1776

„… very specific trend over the length of the gearing which correlates with the occurrent varying load in …” „… finished part quality of the gear component and the occurrent different load-dependent machine torsion. The …” „… forming of the gearing can be divided into three different load areas or forming areas on the component …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVIII

„… | 15:31:04 | 148 mm x 210 mm Planetary gears: Load distributionParametric system simulation of load sharing …” „… and Design, Technical University of Munich, Garching, Germany Tooth root load & carrying …” „… consequences of different methodologies for the elaboration of pulsator test results with respect to the load …”

F. Concli, M. N. Mastrone Latest advancements in the lubrication simulations of geared systems: a technology ready for industrial applications S. 499-518

„… Latest advancements in the lubrication simulations of geared systems: a technology ready for …” „… load-dependent power losses, i.e. the one related to friction and proportional to the transmitted load. Those …” „… category of losses are the so-called load-independent power losses (subindex 0), that arise from the …”

G. Vasileiou, C. Vakouftsis, C. Kalligeros, V. Spitas, C. Papalexis, A. Tsolakis, P. Zalimidis Continuous prestressed reinforcement of plastic gear teeth and its effect on bending strength vs conventional reinforcement S. 1375-1388

„… area, while maintaining a small pretension to enhance their ability to sustain loads in their axial …” „… module. The full modelling and simulation process is discussed thoroughly, including the calculation of …” „… out aiming to improve the load bearing capacity of plastic gears in terms of mechanical fatigue, wear …”

D. Park, A. Rezayat, Y. Gwon Design optimization of multi-stage gear trains with asymmetric teeth under a broad range of torques by incorporating multibody simulations S. 383-396

„… by incorporating multibody simulationsDr. Daehyun Park, Dr. Ali Rezayat, Siemens Industry Software …” „… conditions where loads vary. Park et. al. [3] demonstrated a seamless workflow to optimize the multi-path and …” „… is essential to employ an accurate but computationally efficient gear train multibody simulation tool …”

S. Birk, E. Stoppel, V. Labriola Influence of plastic-metal-pairings on the lifetime of gears S. 1535-1546

„… under load or temperature of a gear leads to premature engagement the consequence could be clamping and …” „… peak stress loads that will eventually lead to failure of the plastic gear. Another important factor in …” „… applied tooth thickness correction is shown in Fig. 3 as well as the simulation results in Fig. 4. The …”

P. Fischmann, A. Hilligardt, V. Schulze Tooth Root Burnishing in the Kinematics of Gear Skiving S. 1829-1844

„… die Prozess- und Werkzeugauslegung wurde eine Simulation zur Berechnung der Kontakttrajektorie und der …” „… generate low load-dependent gear power losses, they are particularly suitable for modern drive systems. As …” „… loads. This requirement can be satisfied by mechanically imprinting compressive residual stresses which …”

O. Harris, C. Poyser, R. Patel, O. Shires Developing CAE solutions for Robotics gears: Cycloidal and Strain Wave Gear Drives S. 1111-1124

„… authors are developing design, simulation and analysis solutions for both. The solutions are integrated …” „… with a system model of the disc, supporting shafts and bearings. A comparison of load distribution and …” „… work of Li et al. [4], allowing for a comparison with the model detailed in this source.Fig. 3: Load …”

B. Abert, D. Werner The Influence of Wheel Body Design on Airborne Noise S. 357-366

„… Anwendungen als ausreichend genau für die Simulation des Zahnkontakts angesehen wird. Sie beruht jedoch auf …” „… excitation. Although it is known that periodic modifications can limit the excitation for a single load [1 …” „… a structural vibration and hence noise contributor. The face load distribution in the tooth mesh …”

E. Grabovic, A. Artoni, M. Gabiccini, E. Ciulli Exploration of trade-offs between NVH and efficiency in bevel gear design S. 853-880

„… – 57 (2006) [36] Artoni, A.: A methodology for simulation-based, multiobjective gear design …” „… ) tool to obtain accurate predictions of the instantaneous load shared by the mating tooth pairs during …” „… simulation tool. The maximum contact pressures are limited by the material properties, thus proper nonlinear …”

M. J. Herberger, F. Rudolph, B. Sievers Efficient concepts for high ratio angular gearboxes S. 801-814

„… gearboxes identifies the load-dependent gearing losses and the load-dependent bearing losses as crucial for …” „… correlation between increasing ratio and in-creasing load-dependent gearing losses is derived. This …” „… for the load-dependent gearing losses. A comparison of calculation methods shows, that the local …”

H. Mahe Model based NVH design: e-bike application S. 1229-1238

„… under various load and speed conditions. Again a simulation based design has allowed to find the root …” „… the measurement and the simulation has allowed making many parametrical variations and thus converging …” „… oscillations. It has been decided to apply a simulation based diagnosis. The model (see Figure n°3) is based on …”

D. Meyering, C. Hussmann Smart Gearboxes for a Sustainable and Reliable Industry S. 645-658

„… . Therefore, a detailed investigation or simulation of occurring loads for each individual drivetrain is not …” „… GmbH, Voerde, Germany Abstract In recent years, computer aided calculations and simulations for gearbox …” „… algorithms and the based load case presumptions. While the algorithms are already at an advanced stage, the …”

M. Fürst, S. Sepp, D. Schweigert, M. Otto, K. Stahl Experimental Investigation of Moving Contact Pattern in Helical Planetary Gearboxes S. 569-582

„… wheels and the operating conditions. To determine the exact load distribution, detailed simulations or …” „… Simulationen oder umfangreiche experimentelle Prototypentests erforderlich. Ineiner frühen Entwurfsphase sind …” „… load sharing on the individual planetary gears and especially of the load distribution of the meshing …”

W. Kassem, J. Müller, M. Oehler, O. Koch Analytical tooth root stress calculation for short fiberreinforced plastic gears S. 1361-1374

„… the tooth root load capacity being exceeded. Therefore, one of the challenges in designing fiber …” „… root is complex. The stress distribution depends mainly on the geometry, applied load and point of …” „… calculation according to VDI 2736 and the form factor Fa. In VDI 2736-2 [2], the tooth root load …”

R. Beilicke, D. Bartel, L. Bobach Simulation-based optimization of gearing efficiency using thin coatings S. 975-984

„… Simulation-based optimization of gearing efficiency using thin coatings Dipl.-Ing. Ronny Beilicke …” „… ) Simulationen zum Einsatz kommen. Simulationen bieten die Möglichkeit, in einem frühen Entwicklungsstadium eine …” „… TEHD-Simulationen mit verschiedenen DLC-Schichten wird gezeigt, welchen Einfluss eine Beschichtung von Ritzel …”

T. Jagiella, S. Haller, J. Lechner, T. Rung, M. Wöppermann, B. Zeeb Building a software toolchain for automated mass-customization of specific end-use gear unit parts using AM-driven design guidelines S. 1607-1616

„… , such as molds. For the production of low volume load-bearing parts, engineering is an additional cost …” „… components are produced using this software solution and tested under alternating load on a test bench …” „… require as little material as necessary to withstand the given mechanical loads. Besides minimal material …”

U. Cihak-Bayr, T. Wopelka, C. Wintersteiger Effect of LOL conditions under high velocity and high injection temperatures S. 763-778

„… untersucht. Die experimentellen Daten wurden durch Simulationen mit einem EHL-Modell, das auch …” „… to 30 m/s. The experimental campaign was complemented by a EHL simulation model, which can also …” „… topography, all based on 3D measurements. Experimental and simulation results showed that friction under full …”

G. Devaraj Vibration reduction of planetary gear drive using mesh phasing: modelling and experimental validation S. 157-174

„… ] studied how the transmission error and the load sharing of a three-planet planetary are affected by the …” „… explained analytically based on symmetry arguments and independent of mathematical dynamic tooth load models …” „… rotational and thrust dynamic loads are to be avoided during the design of a planetary gear set because that …”

C. Kunik, J. Kunert Wetting and oil flow analysis of planetary gearboxes using oil flow simulations S. 467-484

„… Wetting and oil flow analysis of planetary gearboxes using oil flow simulations Dr.-Ing. Claus …” „… gear unit. The field of CFD (“Computational Fluid Dynamics”) offers a particle-based simulation method …” „… simulations gives great opportunities to save resources like material, test capacities and workforce. In a …”

L. Becker, P. Tenberge Crossed helical gears – simulative studies and experimental results on non-involute geometries S. 1499-1514

„… coefficients on the gear behavior and the load parameters, a simulation was carried out with around 300 …” „… contact area. Previous studies confirmed the advantages in the mentioned load characteristics for …” „… in test rigs. This confirmed the advantages in load-carrying capacity and efficiency increase …”

C. M. C. G. Fernandes, J. M. A. Pinto, D. E. P. Gonçalves, A. R. Silva Reduction of root and flank temperature using a hybrid polymer-metal rack S. 1547-1562

„… of using metallic inserts to reduce operating temperature and increase load capacity. This study …” „… temperature [3], and the load-carrying capacity [4] as well as decreasing the impact of the disadvantages …” „… general description of the developed test rig will be now exposed (Figure 3). A load/heat application tool …”

J. Gründer, A. Monz Analytical Method for Calculating the Nominal Tooth Root Stress in Worm Gear Shafts S. 1091-1110

„… of research in the last decades is to optimize the load capacity on the worm wheel by using …” „… this gap. The stresses resulting from different load distributions in the tooth contact due to assembly …” „… increase of local loads on the tooth flanks [1, 3]. Further investigations in [4, 5] aim to improve this …”

J. Langhart, S. Ebrahimi, T. Kelichhaus A comparison of time and frequency domain approaches for NVH S. 583-598

„… simulation. The weight of the shafts, including the gears but without bearings, are identical in both …” „… simulation models and are shown in table 2. Table 2: Weight of the shafts Input shaft Intermediate shaft …” „… that the housing static deformation is not considered in the load calculation of the frequency domain …”

A. Beinstingel, F. Haringer, W. Sigmund, M. Heider, B. Pinnekamp, S. Marburg Investigation of Sound and Vibration Behavior of Cylindrical Gears S. 599-618

„… feasible option, an appropriate simulation strategy is of major importance. Accordingly, the investigation …” „… level. An initial example with this acoustic motivation is available in [9] and a similar simulation …” „… case into two simulation steps. First, the dynamics of the addressed gearboxes are investigated in the …”

I. Hong, D. Talbot Tooth Bending Strain Rate Analysis in a Counter Shaft Drivetrain and Implications on Fatigue Strength S. 53-66

„… ., and Kahraman, A., 2017, “Simulation of Gear Wear Using a Dynamic Load Distribution Model …” „… the effects of operating speed and load on gear tooth loading and strain rates. Therefore, this …” „… EV Drivetrain Analysis 2.1. Dynamic Load Distribution Model A dynamic gear load distribution model …”

J. Vorgerd, P. Tenberge, M. Steinrötter Scuffing load carrying capacity of high-speed gears with an isotropic superfinished surface S. 227-242

„… Scuffing load carrying capacity of high-speed gears with an isotropic superfinished surface Dr.-Ing …” „… high-performance gearboxes lead to increased specific loads of the slide-roll contacts in gears. In particular …” „… , turbo gearboxes using thin-viscosity lubricants tend to scuff. The scuffing load carrying capacity can …”

I. Atanasovska, D. Momcilovic Analysis of new tooth profile design based on the biomimetics principles S. 945-956

„… requirements of size reduction, energy efficiency increasing, as well as for the higher load capacity of …” „… to improve the tooth profile design and to upgrade the load capacity calculation procedures for …” „… transmissions primarily depend of the tooth root capacity, i.e., bending load capacity of gears. The analytical …”

S. Ebrahimi, U. Kissling, C. S. Matkovič Evaluation of the NVH Characteristics of Gear Drives with Plastic Gears by the Forced Response Analysis S. 1403-1418

„… contributions which can readily be used in the gear dynamic simulations. Yousfi et al. [9] developed an advanced …” „… damping ratio depends on the operating conditions such as load. More recently, Yousfi et al. [10 …” „… damping, undesirable induced vibrations create noise, increase dynamic loads, and potentially damage the …”

C. van Oss, A. Hilbig, H. Sardemann, S. Schumann, B. Schlecht Opportunities arising from digital twins in gear development S. 1027-1038

„… universally valid but simulation-centred digital twin in gear development. To put a focus on the opportunities …” „… , a simulation-centric digital twin is being implemented to integrate digital, simulative, and …” „… werden. Abstract In gear development and research, application oriented quality control and simulation …”

D. Zorko, N. Vukašinović, B. Černe The effect of gear manufacturing quality on the mechanical and thermal state of a plastic gear S. 1319-1332

„… . Simulations were done for load cases 𝐹 / 6,67; 13,33; 20; 26,67 , while in-between loads can be …” „… , Ljubljana, Slovenia Abstract Gear manufacturing errors affect the load sharing between the meshing gears as …” „… also the load distribution along the tooth’s width. High quality grades are especially hard to achieve …”

P. E. Schnetzer, J. Pellkofer, K. Stahl Calculation method for wear of steel-bronze rolling-sliding contacts relating to worm gears S. 907-926

„… N Normal-load W - Load parameter G - Material parameter W - Pressure factor h μm Minimum film …” „… pairing the estimation and calculation of the wear load capacity is complicated. Therefore, extensive …” „… experimental component tests on a worm gear test rig are necessary in order to be able to predict the wear load …”

M. Werner, S. Graf, M. Oehler, O. Koch Investigation of the electrical behavior of a spur gear stage pair by means of impedance measurements S. 67-80

„… diagram. This allows an electrical simulation of the mechanical components, whereby critical current paths …” „… additional electrical loads [19] Within the critical current paths, damages can occur as a result of the …” „… of the progressive electrical load, pronounced grooves can appear across the raceway. These are …”

L.-C. Chang, Q. Y. Zhuang, S.-J. Tsai, J.-F. Hochrein, S. Landler, M. Otto, K. Stahl Comparing the contact characteristics of involute gear/ eccentric cycloidal gear calculated by various loaded tooth contact analysis models S. 397-412

„… gear design and load analysis, the loaded tooth contact analysis (abbrev. LTCA) approaches are …” „… obtained from the LTCA simulation results is validated using ANSYS. 1.IntroductionGear engineers rely on …” „… modeled as analytical slice-spring models to calculate load distribution on contact line [8]. The contact …”

F. Mieth, D. Tazir Local load capacity analysis for the design of a balanced flank modification for cylindrical gears according to bevel gear procedures S. 927-944

„… Local load capacity analysis for the design of a balanced flank modification for cylindrical gears …” „… of cost reduction and the careful handling of resources, load capacity is an important criterion for …” „… possible types of damage for bevel gears is only possible with the aid of local load capacity analyses [3 …”

A. I. Aydeniz Modelling and Analysis of the Effect of Root Modification on Load Sharing and Stress Values on Spur Gears S. 1039-1062

„… Modelling and Analysis of the Effect of Root Modification on Load Sharing and Stress Values on Spur …” „… capacity to determine gear spring characteristics and load sharing along the contact line. It is also …” „… parametrically. In this way, the results of the load sharing, static stress values, and dynamic factor load …”

M. Ruzek, R. Brun, F. Ville, P. Velex, Y. Marchesse On the reduction of windage power losses in gears by the modification of tooth geometry S. 785-800

„… Power losses in gear transmissions are traditionally separated into load-dependent and load independent …” „… losses. While load-dependent losses are generally dominant in standard applications, load independent …” „… and simulations for gears with and without ramps and prove that WPL can indeed be significantly …”

A. Drechsel, J. Pellkofer, K. Stahl Transferability of the scuffing load capacity of gear oils determined on spur gears to hypoid gears S. 881-896

„… ISO/TS 10300-20 [7]. Based on a manufacturing simulation and a tooth contact analysis under load, carried …” „… Transferability of the scuffing load capacity of gear oils determined on spur gears to hypoid gears …” „… Veröffentlichung bewertet. 2 Abstract The scuffing load carrying capacity is a decisive design criterion in the …”

L. Braumann, H. Amri, V. S. Viteri, J. Ochoa LUBGEAR – Experimental Campaign for Aviation Gears in Loss-of- Lubrication S. 1063-1070

„… such technologies in LOL poses numerous challenges: High temperatures, loads and speeds - all in a …” „… factors include normal load, rolling speed, slide-to-roll ration (TRL2), load stages and pitch line …” „… identified via gear mesh kinematics simulation in KISSSoft for different pitch line velocities ranging from …”

J. Zhang, B. Shaw, A. Hammer, I. Sewell Effects of Surface Engineering on the Efficiency of Involute Helical Gears – An Experimental Investigation S. 995-1016

„… , Kw 𝑃 Mechanical power loss of the rig with no load, Kw 𝑃 Mechanical power loss of the rig with …” „… load, Kw 𝑃 Mechanical power loss of gearbox A, Kw 𝑃 Mechanical power loss of gearbox B, Kw 𝑃 …” „… further divided into load-dependent ( 𝑃 ) and load-independent power losses. The load-independent power …”

L. Binanzer, L. Merkle, M. Dazer, A. Nicola Pitting Detection for Prognostics and Health Management in Gearbox Applications S. 97-108

„… designed as electrical load unit consisting of two electric motors. The tooth flanks of the test gears are …” „… . When a damage is detected by the CMS, countermeasures such as load reduction can be initiated. Also …” „… possible to reduce the load of damaged parts to increase the Remaining Useful Life (RUL) and at the same …”

A. Miltenovic, M. Banic Influence of misalignment of large cylindrical gears on contact pattern in operation S. 1257-1266

„… . The simulation was carried out in three time steps - to introduce the axial force load and establish …” „… , intentionally increasing the load on the middle of the tooth compared to the tooth ends. This is the first …” „… . The uneven distribution of loads along the teeth indicates that the meshing of the gear pair was …”

S. Sklenak, D. Mevissen, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher, B. Lenz, A. Mehner Analysis of Load Cycles and Local Wear of Dry and Solid-Lubricated Gears S. 727-740

„… Analysis of Load Cycles and Local Wear of Dry and Solid-Lubricated Gears Sebastian Sklenak M. Eng …” „… system and an-alyzed in running tests. The comparison of the load cycle numbers at two different load …” „… to high mechanical loads [3,4]. Through the combination of liquid lubricant and the kinematics of the …”

S. Chen, C. Liu, D. Qin Forward Performance-driven Design of Gear Parameters S. 211-226

„… model is established based on the accurate gear tooth profile. Each slice is applied with load, then …” „… contact stress and bending stress are calculated to reflect the load capacity of the gear; The …” „… the current research. In VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023212addition, high load capacity is an important …”

I. Gonzalez-Perez, A. Fuentes-Aznar Improvement of the transmission efficiency in electric vehicles by using double staggered helical gears with shortened teeth S. 1083-1090

„… computational model is proposed as a combination of a load distribution model, a friction model based on an …” „… frictional energy. The amount of load-dependent power losses due to friction will be compared in several gear …” „… torque T1 to be applied at that degree of freedom and the load to be applied. Several contact steps are …”

I. Criscuolo, F. Carneiro, G. Guimarães, R. Rego, J. Mascheroni Indirect Selective Laser Sintering: Modeling and analysis of surface densification by shot peening S. 1681-1698

„… impact the load capacity of the tooth flank and root. These loading regions are already stress …” „… improve the load capacity of PM gears, after sintering, the components are densified globally or only …” „… load capacity as conventional gears [9-13]. The most common process used for surface densification in …”

L. Klee, T. Bergs, M. Solf, J. Brimmers Binder Jetting in Gears – Process Design and Tooth Bending Strength for Gears made of 17-4PH S. 1665-1680

„… screening tests and evaluated by comparison with load capacity results of densified gears made of 316L …” „… the number of load cycles of N = 1,940,000. Both within the test points of a gear and within the BJT …” „… batch, there was hardly any variation in the results and load cycles achieved. The reproducibility of …”

C. Dongu Im, W.-J. Chung, J.-H. Park, D.-J. Moon, Pfor. Y.-J. Park The effect of working surface deviation on transmission error in helical gears S. 1125-1134

„… simulation model was developed considering working surface deviation of helical gears. To include such error …” „… in the simulation model, a computer numerically controlled (CNC) gear inspection machine was used …” „… was also considered in the simulation model. 1. Introduction Transmission error of the gear system …”

B. Guilbert, D. Dureisseix, P. Velex Hybrid models for the simulation of displacements and stresses in lightweight gears S. 315-328

„… full finite element simulations.VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 3151. IntroductionAs evident from the …” „… Hybrid models for the simulation of displacements and stresses in light-weight gears Ph.D. B …” „… hybriden Zahnradmodellen im Gegensatz zu vollständigen Finite-Elemente-Simulationen unterstreicht. Abstract …”

B. Černe, N. Vukašinović, D. Zorko In-situ experimental methods for measuring tooth meshing displacements and wear during polymer gear tests using a high-speed camera with microscopy optics S. 1563-1580

„… applied loads. Furthermore, it is possible to evaluate the gear wear across the entire active tooth …” „… obtainable. To this end, numerical simulation methods, like the finite element method, are often used as …” „… high-frequency tensile loads. Additionally, Felipe-Sese et al. [24] conducted comprehensive analyses of …”

S. Landler, M. Trübswetter, M. Otto, K. Stahl Parameter Based Definition of Eccentric Cycloid Gearings S. 1207-1228

„… gear ratio in one stage, an increase in load capacity as well as an increase in efficiency compared to …” „… gearing enables an analytical determination of the flank, the contact geometry and load …” „… various load-free characteristics. 3. Analytical description of the geometry For an analytical description …”

U. Kissling Impact of manufacturing deviations on the NVH behavior of modern gear design concepts S. 367-382

„… are designed for specific NVH behavior and/or optimum load distribution. So, the basic question is …” „… , how manufacturing deviations affect the NVH and/or load distribution behavior of gears. 1.2 …” „… analysis under load), to determine the usual critical results such as transmission error, excitation force …”

C. Karampatzakis, A. Mihailidis, A. Mantzaflaris, C. Provatidis Contact simulation of tooth flanks using Isogeometric Analysis S. 413-428

„… .: Computer Simulation/Prediction of Wear in Mechanical Components. Advances in Tribology, 2020, (2020) [6 …” „… Contact simulation of tooth flanks using Isogeometric AnalysisLeveraging the power of high order …” „… not been modelled in an Isogeometric setting. An equivalent concentrated load has been applied instead …”

S. Hendricks, M. Solf, J. Brimmers, T. Bergs Investigation of the machinability of different quenched and tempered steels for the alternative process chain of planetary pinions in wind turbine gearboxes S. 1713-1730

„… [7]. In order to be able to classify the results obtained, a simulation of the gear case was carried …” „… kinematicSimulative analysisThe simulative analysis was performed using the manufacturing simulation SPARTAPRO. Using …” „… deviations than on the leading flank. Because all maximum values occur in the head area, the load on the tool …”

M. Gebhardt, A. Rhode, B. Legrady Lubrication improvement at the HS-IS spline shaft interface of a wind turbine gearbox using the smooth particle hydrodynamic method S. 519-536

„… that strength and fatigue load are not a concern [11]. But the relative motion between the touching …” „… inner diameter of the sun has a layer of 1.5 mm of oil at the start of the simulation and it uses a …” „… behavior at the rotor side, from 0.3 s till 5 s after the start of the simulation VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422 …”

A. Hilligardt, V. Schulze Gear Skiving with Minimum Twist Errors S. 1749-1764

„… flank nominal and actual geometry [5], which reduce Load capacity and NVH behavior. For generating …” „… numerically based geometric simulations [8]. To minimize twist errors, the pitch and the pressure angle of the …” „… angles on the flanks were determined with the open-source gear skiving simulation software OpenSkiving …”

J. D. M. Marafona, J. H. O. Seabra, P. M. T. Marques, R. C. Martins Effect of overlap ratio on gear dynamic behavior and noise level S. 1239-1256

„… of low helix angles is the lower axial loads transmitted to bearings which contribute to a higher …” „… every case. The criteria used is that the load selected is the one that gives the same maximum contact …” „… . Considering the numerical simulations performed, it can be concluded that:• Stiffness: increasing the overlap …”

L. Bonaiti, M. Brambilla, P. Chiariotti, A. Cigada, C. Gorla, G. Boni, P. Codeluppi The effect of pinion axial positioning on noise and transmission error of face hobbed and face milled bevel gears S. 839-852

„… under load and manufacturing errors imply a not constant transmission ratio. This aspect is also …” „… noise. This aspect has been recently investigated by Marano et al. via numerical simulations, finding …” „… solution for the load-carrying capacity is the worst for noise, and vice versa. Comparing the static TE …”

A. Yavuz Kanyilmaz, B. Karba, M. VARDAR Classifying plastic beveloid gear quality considering manufacturing errors S. 1159-1172

„… simulation and the characteristics of the concave beveloid gear pair are studied [6]. Mitome [7] studied the …” „… variation. Tooth spacing measurement is an indication of how well the gear will transfer contact and load as …” „… Models and Contact Simulations of Concave Beveloid Gears. Journal of Mechanical Design (2002). [7] Mitome …”

N. Fujimura Application-oriented research on internal generating polishing S. 1863-1876

„… - und Getriebetechnik. Auslegung – Herstellung – Untersuchung – Simulation. Munich: Hanser 2017 [2 …” „… von Stirnradverzahnungen. Doctorate Thesis, RWTH Aachen, 2014. [6] Lang, Martin.; Load carrying …”

J. I. Pedrero, M. Pleguezuelos, M. B. Sánchez Analysis of the tip interference in low gear ratio internal spur gears with profile modification S. 957-974

„… under load induces the mesh-in impact and quasi-static transmission error (QSTE). To avoid the mesh-in …” „… PID2019-110996RB-I00 “Simulation and control of transmission error of cylindric gears”, as well as the …”

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International Conference on Gears 2017

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2294 2017

Results in this title

D. Talbot, A. Kahraman Simulation of gear wear using a dynamic load distribution model S. 5-16

„… Simulation of gear wear using a dynamic load distribution model Prof. David Talbot, Prof …” „… wear accumulation will be described with the dynamic load distribution prediction. Effects of varying …” „… either decoupled static load distribution analyses or time consuming deformable body analyses. The goal …”

J. Papies Load distribution in planetary gears considering effects of manufacturing tolerances with a statistical approach S. 783-794

„… considered within the simulation. As mentioned previously, process variations affect the resulting load …” „… the model. As a result, the simulation returned distributions of the load distribution factors, which …” „… Load distribution in planetary gears considering effects of manufacturing tolerances with a …”

P. Norgauer, W. Sigmund, D. Kadach, K. Stahl Comprehensive simulation methods for crossed helical gear sets with the main focus on the calculation of contact patterns S. 353-362

„… Comprehensive simulation methods for crossed helical gear sets with the main focus on the …” „… the calculation and simulation of crossed helical gears. SCHRAD2 covers the following basic …” „… calculation functions: Main geometry Tolerances (ISO 1328, DIN 3961, DIN 3974) Load carrying capacity …”

H. Hansson, H. Alm, A. Eng, M. Olsson Beveloid gears in planetary gear trains for increased Grundström, power density and reduced backlash Stensson, S. 579-590

„… more correct simulation this initial study gives an interesting indication that the load sharing can …” „… gears in planetary gear trains it is possible to achieve very equal load sharing between the planet …” „… load especially if more than 3 planet gears are used. Even if the space allows more planet gears, the …”

D. Strasser, S. Troll, R. Sperlich, J. Münch Reliability safeguarding for an 8 MW wind energy gearbox in serial production – Prototype and process development ensuring stable quality at the highest level S. 1085-1100

„… is safeguarded by comprehensive simulations considering the drivetrain loads. Deformation and load …” „… reliability has to be safeguarded by comprehensive simulations considering all drivetrain loads. The …” „… and a load sharing of K < 1.05 has confirmed the gear mesh simulations (see figure 10). Also the …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVII

„… Material D. Talbot, Simulation of gear wear using a dynamic load 5 A. Kahraman distribution model M. Ebner …” „… L. Gondecki, Simulation and test method for the lubricant’s influence 29 M. Weibring, on the wear …” „… Planetary Gear Systems – Design and Analysis S. Grützner Holistic simulation of gearboxes – system …”

B. Schlecht, F. Müller, S. Schumann Simulation and measurement of tooth flank deviations on bevel gears caused by pitting and micro pitting S. 293-304

„… itself. By applying this insight to the simulation in BECAL, the calculation of the tooth flank load …” „… Simulation and measurement of tooth flank deviations on bevel gears caused by pitting and micro …” „… conditions, more specifically the load and pressure distribution. The following article illustrates an …”

A. Lohrengel, M. Heß Thrust cone bearings provide increased efficiency for helical gear units at moderate speed levels – Indications for possible energy saving potential in an expanded field of application S. 231-242

„… , representing the shape designs used in the simulations earlier, the transition velocities at different load …” „… thrust cones towards gearboxes constructed with roller bearings. Based on simulations and experiments …” „… bearable loads under mixed friction conditions for various thrust cone design configurations are …”

J. Reißmann, E. Leidich Computation of the tooth root strength of Worm Wheels with a calculation program based on local stresses S. 373-394

„… restricts the load of the gear. At present, the tooth root strength is calculated with analytical methods …” „… virtual model consisting of the geometry and the loads as well as the numerical calculation and the …” „… . Model Development Based on the geometry data and the load, the tooth flank including the tooth root …”

A. K. Shojaei, P. Volgers, M. Cassata Advanced modeling and experimental techniques for fatigue life prediction of plastic gears S. 1575-1582

„… simulation of plastic gears’ lifetime, durability, and load sharing. The methodology is verified through …” „… they are not designed to accurately predict plastic gears’ characteristics such as fatigue life, load …” „… . The proposed simulation tool can predict fatigue crack initiation/propagation, cyclic plasticity …”

G. Eitzinger Adaptive coatings on gears for NVH improvement S. 1439-1450

„… . VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017 1445 Fig. 4-5: Measured roughness at different load cycles 5. Simulation …” „… lowers the specific loads. The result is optimized backlash and improved NVH. Typical applications are …” „… – 30 µm generated from the contact pattern and the specific loads on the tooth surface. The use of …”

S. Jain, B. James A simulation approach to calculate gear dynamic-factors for high-speed applications S. 649-658

„… A simulation approach to calculate gear dynamic-factors for high-speed applications Sharad …” „… loads on gear fatigue life. One commonly used method to consider the effect of dynamic loads on gear …” „… dynamic factors accurately. In this paper, we propose a simulation approach to calculate the dynamic …”

C. Zhang, H. Liu, C. W. Yao, Y. Li Study of vibration for spur gears of tooth profile modification and experimental validation of modification method S. 527-538

„… system is established. Firstly, simulation analyses of dynamic model are performed for gears of …” „… , the results of simulation and test are compared to validate the accuracies of dynamic model and …” „… low-speed and light-load condition, the vibration amplitudes are enhanced by modification, but for …”

S. Grützner Holistic simulation of gearboxes – system simulation S. 51-60

„… machine in SimulationX® During steady-state operation at 116 rpm load speed a (3 pole) short circuit …” „… examples show how systems models can be created and analyzed using the possibilities in SimulationX® in …” „… of a planetary gearbox with four planets as a 1D rotational system in SimulationX® Predefined …”

F. Concli, C. Gorla Numerical modeling of the churning power losses of gears: an innovative 3D computational tool suitable for planetary gearbox simulation S. 881-892

„… methods nor automated simulation tools are available, in particular where the interest is focused on load …” „… numerical fluid dynamics simulation can give the major contribution to the calculation of load inde …” „… suitable for planetary gearbox simulation Franco Concli, Faculty of Science and Technology, Free …”

J. W. Vriesen Topographical tooth modifications in planetary gears for reduction of the noise excitation without load capacity loss – Optimization of complex systems capable of oscillation S. 185-196

„… load capacity loss Optimization of complex systems capable of oscillation Dr.-Ing. Johannes W …” „… topographical modification which is more load-independent concerning path deviation without losing load …” „… 1.6 MW. 2. Deformations The deformations under load in planet gear stages for wind turbines are …”

B. Schlecht, F. Rudolph, S. Schumann Experimental studies and simulation of hypoid gear lapping S. 1403-1414

„… used, either from a manufacturing simulation or measurement data of a real gear set. Load case data …” „… Experimental studies and simulation of hypoid gear lapping Prof. Dr.-Ing. Berthold Schlecht …” „… , based on a widely used wear approach and a fast and accurate tooth contact simulation. High-resolution …”

A. Miltenović, M. Banić, Ž. Mišković, R. Mitrović, V. Miltenović Prediction of heat generation in transmission bearings by application of FEM S. 1199-1208

„… generation between the rolling bodies and raceways was predicted. Paper studies the influence of contact load …” „… bearings. His simulation showed that the increase of speed leads to faster reaching the steady state of …” „… . 2294, 2017 1199 on load and speed. They analysed thermoelastic interaction of shaft in plastic casing …”

M. Oehler, B. Magyar, B. Sauer A new standardizable calculation method to predict the efficiency of worm gear drives S. 363-372

„… scope of the research project FVA 729 I "Worm Gear Efficiency", a physically based simulation method …” „… different gear sizes and ratios. An extensive parameter study with the use of this simulation program was …” „… ratios. The aim of this work is the development of a physically based simulation method which is …”

P. Tenberge, D. Kupka, T. Panéro Influential criteria on the optimization of a gearbox, with application to an automatic transmission S. 253-266

„… of influence on the simulation results. In the example of an automatic transmission, when …” „… performing a load spectrum calculation, we have to consider the carrier deformation of the planetary stages …” „… results have an effect on the shaft deflections and the gear load distributions, and thus indirectly on …”

E. Maier, A. Ziegltrum, T. Lohner, K. Stahl Characterization of TEHL contacts of thermoplastic gears S. 1483-1496

„… , T., and Stahl, K.: TEHL simulation on the influence of lubricants on load-dependent gear losses …” „… thermal and mechanical properties limit its applications to low-load motion transmissions. Research has …” „… . Thus the transmission of higher loads and speeds is enabled [2]. As failures like pitting and chipping …”

L. Gondecki, M. Weibring, P. Tenberge Simulation and test method for the lubricant’s influence on the wear and fatigue mechanisms on tooth flanks S. 29-40

„… Simulation and test method for the lubricant’s influence on the wear and fatigue mechanisms on …” „… number of load changes. At the same time, existing cracks grow deeper into the material or return back …” „… Fig. 1 from the left to the right on the same tooth flank. As the number of load cycles increases …”

J. Cathelin, R. Janssen Material data for advanced plastic gear simulation S. 1553-1564

„… Material Data for Advanced Plastic Gear Simulation Julien Cathelin, Application Technology …” „… prototype testing and knowledge gained from the past [6]. In the last decade, simulation software …” „… development and increases in computing power have lead to more and more reliable gear simulations, but often …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, M. Schroers, T. Frech, P. Scholzen Optimization of NVH behavior of gears by alternative gear materials S. 539-552

„… and used for the simulation of the excitation behavior. In addition, the gear mesh excitation of one …” „… and used for the design of the gear micro geometry in the first step. For the simulation of cold …” „… calculated and used for the simulation of the excitation behavior in the tooth contact. The second step is …”

M. Schwenk, J. Hoffmeister, J. Hermes Prediction of local load carrying capacity for gears – a materials science approach S. 989-1002

„… Prediction of local load carrying capacity for gears – a materials science approach Dr …” „… and its prediction has been addressed thoroughly. However, the main factor in terms of load …” „… both the carburizing and quenching simulation allow very good predictions which have been validated up …”

N. Sagraloff, M. Hein, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Practical use of micropitting test results according to FVA 54/7 for calculation of micropitting load capacity acc. to ISO/TR 15144-1 S. 143-152

„… load capacity acc. to ISO/TR 15144-1 M. Sc. Nadine Sagraloff, Dipl.-Ing. Michael Hein, Dr.-Ing …” „… micropitting load capacity according to ISO/TR 15144-1 for specific gear drives under given operating …” „… . First, a step test for predefined load stages with increasing torque is performed. Result of this step …”

J. Fechler, M. Böhm, S. Aberle, V. Merz A contribution to the NVH behavior of plastic gears in automotive applications S. 1531-1540

„… element simulation model is the basis of this optimization. It was initially developed to understand the …” „… wheel (metal) and results in a higher TE. The dashed line shows the confirmation of the simulation …” „… transferred in a finite element model. The simulation shows a significant increase of the TE and additionally …”

Y. Shen, S. Rinderknecht, M. Hoppert General modelling method of power losses in transmission with parameter identification S. 905-916

„… losses in a transmission consist of load dependent power losses and load independent power losses, which …” „… divided into load dependent power losses and load independent power losses . The is evoked mainly by …” „… oil churning losses [10]-[12]. Same as the gear losses, the bearing losses are composed also of load …”

R. Saito, Y. Suzuki, K. Matsuo The effect on tooth root breakage strength of tooth root shapes resulting from differing hobbing conditions S. 733-740

„… load capacity has a particularly pronounced effect on tooth root breakage strength. Although the gear …” „… strength and tooth root strength. In an operating environment where gears are subjected to severe loads …” „… load design that increases tooth root breakage strength under recent space limitations, it is first …”

B. Leupold, V. Janzen, G. Kotthoff, D. Eichholz Validation approach of PM gears for eDrive applications S. 119-130

„… recent years, a strong move from basic research on process simulation [5] - [7] and performance data …” „… application, PM material and process routings are defined. While for gear load calculations conventional …” „… . 2294, 2017120 Fig. 2: Design approach and state of the art simulation for rolled gears As …”

M. Kanters, B. van Wissen, R. Nickel Relevant tribological testing method for high performance plastic gears S. 1507-1518

„… . However, usually these tests are performed under conditions that accelerate failure (high loads …” „… normal load. A sliding contact is introduced by an inequality in rotational speed of the two discs while …” „… , , ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ (2) ∗ ∗ 1 2 and 4 ∗ ∗ (3) VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017 1509 Where is the load per unit length and …”

J. Langhart, I. Zotos, G. Franzoso Casing stiffness variations and influence on the gear meshing properties S. 1161-1168

„… controversial discussion arose, how important the influence of the housing deformation on the load distribution …” „… publications [1] showed that under load quite some housing deformations occur, but for example in the spur …” „… on the load distribution is observed. Furthermore, the usual manufacturing tolerances for housings …”

A. K. Shojaei, P. Volgers An improved lifetime prediction technique for plastic gears through finite element analysis and continuum damage mechanics S. 1109-1112

„… unique feature of the developed design methodology is its ability to predict the continuous load sharing …” „… to polymers and PMCs and more advanced simulation techniques are required for lifetime prognosis of …” „… . The teeth can deform permanently under cyclic loads that may affect the load sharing ratio and will …”

S. T. Ping, Y. M. Shao, L. M. Wang, H. W. Li, J. Xu, Y. Cheng, J. Liu The influence of mesh misalignment on planetary gear set with time-varying mesh stiffness S. 219-230

„… line and the load distribution due to mesh misalignment are obtained by dividing the tooth into …” „… of manufacturing errors and assembly variations on dynamic load sharing factor [1]. Velex proposed a …” „… Influence of manufacturing errors on the planetary gear stresses and planet load sharing [5]. Hotait …”

H. B. Endeshaw, S. Ekwaro-Osire, F. M. Alemayehu, J. P. Dias Estimation of remaining useful life of gears with uncertainties in loading and material parameters S. 1063-1072

„… uncertainty quantification of load and Paris’ material constants is crucial in RUL prediction. The results of …” „… cyclic nature of loads on the gear [4]. Fatigue crack nucleation and propagation in gear teeth is a …” „… WTGs. 3. Due to the turbulence effects in the wind flow, the loads experienced by WTGs are subjected …”

T. Jurkschat, T. Lohner, K. Stahl Improved calculation method for load-dependent gear losses S. 893-904

„… Improved Calculation Method for Load-Dependent Gear Losses Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Jurkschat, Dr.-Ing …” „… Abstract The topic of this study is to investigate the load-dependent losses of practical spur gears, for …” „… involves power losses. Thereby, particular interest has to be given to the load-dependent gear loss as it …”

H. Schreiber, T. Röthlingshöfer Kinematic classification of a gearbox comprising separate thrusted teeth and its advantages regarding existing approaches S. 267-280

„… . 2.1-2: FE-Simulation for the load distribution under maximum acceleration torque © WITTENSTEIN …” „… gap. Using FEM it can now be shown, that not only the load is distributed between a high number of …” „… numbers of load cycles. There still can be seen some manufacturing marks in the contact area of both …”

M. Daffner, M. Otto, K. Stahl Elastic deformation of a hypoid gearbox – Measurements on a static test rig to validate the calculated elastic deformation behavior S. 683-694

„… . Karsten Stahl, Gear Research Centre (FZG), Technische Universität München Abstract High load carrying …” „… capacity in the gear mesh can be achieved when the contact load is well distributed. Designing an adequate …” „… . 2294, 2017 683 1 Introduction Precise information about the load distribution in the tooth contact can …”

T. Saito, K. Miyamoto Traction drive analysis identified with rheological friction property of traction fluid S. 1185-1190

„… the center roller at a constant load. The temperature changes in the outer rollers were also measured …” „… pressing load and the traction fluid temperature. Fig. 2: Limiting shear strength for traction fluid …” „… order from low pressing loads to high pressing loads. Identification was performed so that the torque …”

R. Meissner, M. Liewald, T. Benkert, M. Hiller, W. Volk Multi-component gearwheels and their manufacturing processes S. 1299-1306

„… the resulting gearwheels regarding load and lightweight potential. 1 Introduction Due to …” „… example here. They are made from high strength steels due to high loads close to the tooth root [2 …” „… from high strength steel supports the high local loads mentioned above and a lightweight wheel body …”

A. Mihailidis, G. Korbetis, N. Drivakos, I. Nerantzis Finite element method based analysis of planetary gear systems considering backlash and manufacturing deviations S. 75-82

„… . Nerantzis, BETA CAE Systems Abstract The load carrying capacity of gear transmissions depends …” „… shown include stress distribution and deformation, as well as load sharing under quasi-static …” „… distribution. Therefore, simulations aiming at the prediction of the actual loading of real, non-ideal …”

T. Frech, C. Löpenhaus, F. Klocke Influence of the contact conditions in cold rolling on the density profile of powder metallurgical (PM) gears S. 1265-1276

„… , porosity remains in the component and reduces the load-carrying capacity. By densifying the highly loaded …” „… to increase their local density and, therefore, the load-carrying capacity [2]. PM gears are …” „… the experimentally obtained density profiles, it is expected that the simulation provides an …”

M. Ophey, F. Klocke, C. Löpenhaus Approach for modeling grinding worm wear S. 1365-1378

„… improve the load-carrying capacity and the running behavior of gears, it is state of the art to grind …” „… of movement between the active partners as well as the applied load. © WZL Fig. 1: Scheme of a …” „… ) must be resolved locally in order to take into account the different tool load along the tool profile …”

T. Schöler, H. Binz, M. Bachmann Method for the pre-dimensioning of beveloid gears – Efficient design of main gearing data S. 565-578

„… load capacity [5]. Börner therefore concluded that for a known load distribution, the load capacity of …” „… ]. Other previous studies focused on the calculation both of stresses on the tooth root [4] and the load …” „… dimensioned with respect to their load capacity and application requirements. The application of …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, J. Pollaschek Influence of surface layer properties on tooth root bending strength of cylindrical gears S. 421-432

„… methods that empower an accurate depiction of local load and material properties are able to safely push …” „… advantage of this method for the global load-capacity analysis is the ability to derive quickly applicable …” „… analytical equations for calculating the load capacity. A disadvantage is the generally too safe gear design …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, F. Goergen, D. Mevissen Crack propagation analysis of pitting damages of high-strength material systems in gear applications S. 281-292

„… . The highest number of load cycles was reached by a carbonitrided variant of 14NiCrMo13-4 with over 50 …” „… % retained austenite. Besides the evaluation of the highest load capacity potential, the focus rests on the …” „… treatments and finishing processes. In addition to the maximum endurance life, the maximum number of load …”

J. J. Liou, S. Rakuff The development of worm drives S. 503-516

„… load-carrying capacities and high wear rates. This paper provides a comprehensive compilation of …” „… ; therefore, the load capacity for worm drives is relatively limited and friction greatly affects the …” „… can be between 50 and 96 percent depending on lubricant, speed, surface roughness, load, material …”

P. Garambois, E. Rigaud, J. Perret-Liaudet Robust optimization of gear macro and micro-geometries in order to minimize static transmission error and gear stiffness fluctuations S. 927-938

„… robustness of solution to manufacturing errors is evaluated by performing Monte Carlo simulations for a …” „… transmission error and mesh stiffness requires an analytical tooth bending model. Monte-Carlo simulations are …” „… Monte-Carlo simulation is performed with 1000 manufacturing random error samples, and a power density …”

M. Brumm, H. Müller Cyber physical gear production system – Vision of industry 4.0 gear production S. 1209-1218

„… design of bevel gears is based on material models that describe the load carrying capacity of the basic …” „… gear production the process simulation is not considered in the design phase. This means leads to …” „… Designer. Aim of this software is the process design. It creates a virtual twin by process simulation …”

T. Utakapan, B. Kohn, M. Fromberger, M. Otto, K. Stahl Evaluation of gear noise behaviour with application force level S. 695-706

„… , topology of gearboxes, number of teeth, etc. In the latter stages, load distribution on the gear face can …” „… ). Finally, if the complete dynamic data of gear mesh is available, either from a dynamic simulation or from …” „… load stage T1 = 1000 Nm shall be estimated within following boundaries: Speed range: 1000 – 4500 …”

C. Gosselin, E. Fritz, L. Seiler CnC manufacturing of circular faced cylindrical gears S. 1343-1352

„… Simulation Softwares Inc., Canada; E. Fritz, Dipl. Ing. L. Seiler, Product Development, ESA Eppinger GmbH …” „… being curvilinear, thereby increasing the load carrying capacity and improving lubricating conditions at …” „… below represents the most general case in the cutting process simulation and is therefore the basis for …”

Y. Cai, L. Yao, Z. Xie, J. Zhang, C. Peng Influence analysis of system parameters on characteristics of the nutation drive with double circular arc spiral bevel gears S. 435-446

„… load increases. Therefore, the optimum range of the nutation angle is approximately 5° to 15 …” „… meshing force will be discussed. To simplify the calculation, the external load on the system is modeled …” „… as a sine harmonic load. (1) The influence of nutation angle on dynamic meshing force The …”

S. Stoyanov, V. Dobrev, A. Dobreva Investigating dynamic behavior of planetary gear trains through the systematic approach S. 197-208

„… several branches. This is the reason for diminishing the load of the meshing and of the rolling bearings …” „… design process. Vibration-induced gear noise and dynamic loads remain very important problems in many …” „… simulation with great deformations and nonlinear behavior of material including inertia effects as results …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, J. Brimmers Potential of free flank modifications for beveloid gears S. 553-564

„… modifications for three different load steps proves that free flank modifications offer a higher durability and …” „… improve the operating behavior. Therefore, a design method and manufacturing simulation for free flank …” „… manufacturing simulation. In this report, an ideal flank geometry based on the manufacturing simulation …”

S. Ishikawa, Y. Murayama, S. Kishi A strain wave gearing with a new profile of teeth S. 815-824

„… flexible external gear by the modification of the tooth height. The graphic simulation of tooth meshing on …” „… , there is strong demand in markets for improved load torque performance in strain wave gearings. The …” „… by load torque. So as to completely separate the both stresses in transverse sections of the …”

R. Müller, L. Schirmer New tolerance concepts for the realization of steel-only worm gears S. 467-478

„… with the lower abrasion as well as the favorable price. The higher possible load enables downsizing …” „… tolerances and adapting commissioning processes. The concepts are based on simulation and calculation done by …” „… adapting commissioning processes. The concepts are based on simulation and calculation done by the …”

B. Bauer, R. Hambrecht, A. Kube Thermal analysis and optimization of gearboxes by simulation S. 917-926

„… Thermal analysis and optimization of gearboxes by simulation Dr. Björn Bauer, Dr. Ralf …” „… the CFD simulation it is possible to simply scale these losses, so that the simulated absolute …” „… Fig. 6: Simulation of oil distribution (left) and airflow (right) around a Siemens Flender gearbox …”

E. Rigaud, P.-H. Cornuault, B. Bazin, E. Grandais-Menant Prediction of the vibroacoustic response of an electric window-lift gear motor S. 635-648

„… electromagnetic forces is computed using the simulation software Maxwell©. A 2D finite element modelling of the …” „… Ohms and the applied voltage is 14.5 V. The numerical simulation performed allows computation of the …” „… static contact between the gear teeth (Rigaud et al. [3]) for a given load F applied to the worm gear …”

V. Angelopoulos, M. Hirsch PM gear rolling simulations using advanced plasticity material model and improved initial conditions S. 1277-1288

„… PM gear rolling simulations using advanced plasticity material model and improved initial …” „… is to conduct Finite Element (FE) simulations with an elasto-plastic material model adapted for …” „… porous metals. The simulations should predict the resulting deformed geometry and densification, after …”

J. Lohmiller, J. Hoffmeister, J. Hermes, M. Ansorg, H. Dhonau Development and investigation of austempered ductile iron (ADI) for thick-walled gear components S. 963-976

„… defined by the number of planets sharing the load. Possible applications are in drive units, e.g. for …” „… 100 kN load capacity according to DIN EN ISO 6892 with a velocity of 0.00025 1/s. At least four …” „… . Maximilian Schwenk for the cooling curve simulations by FDM and Carlos Ries for painstaking analysis of reams …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, R. Greschert Influence of the grinding process on the formation of boundary layers on gears S. 1427-1438

„… layer and the running behavior of the produced parts. Subsequently, tests of load carrying capacity and …” „… - Simulation. 1. Aufl. München: Carl Hanser, 2017 [10] VDI-Guideline 2615 (2006): Rauheitsprüfung an Zylinder …” „… .: Manufacturing Simulation for Generating Gear Grinding of Large-Module Gears. In: Höhn B. International …”

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Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2354 2019

Results in this title

M. Scherpelz, J. Bernhardt, T. Weyh Simulation of load cycles for commercial vehicle drivelines based on statistical reasoning S. III-85-III-102

„… Simulation of load cycles for commercial vehicle drivelines based on statistical reasoning M.Sc …” „… applications bringing calculation of load cycles via simulations to a higher level. Statistically validated …” „… load cycles can also be determined by driveline simulations. Therefore, a virtual vehicle will be put …”

U. Stockinger, H. Pflaum, K. Stahl Single vs. multi-cone synchronizers with carbon friction lining – A comparison of load limits and deterioration behavior S. I-455-I-470

„… Simulation-Driven Design of Heavy Duty Truck Synchronizers. Volume 10: ASME 2015 Power Transmission and Gearing …” „… Single vs. Multi-Cone Synchronizers with Carbon Friction Lining – A Comparison of Load Limits and …” „… . Thermo-mechanische Simulationen in Kombination mit Prüfstandversuchen zeigen, dass die Maximaltemperatur während …”

P. Fietkau, N. Lamparsky, M. Felbermaier, A. Fröhlcke, T. Conze Holistic design approach for electric drives S. I-163-I-178

„… DPS. Using overall vehicle simulations on defined design tracks, the mechanical loads of all …” „… , 2018, pp. 286-292 [7] Fuger, R., Hanke, M.: An Integrated Workflow for the Simulation-Driven …” „… Enterprise 2 (2011) 1 pp. 39–56 [12] Piechottka, H.: Methodical Synthesis and Simulation-Assisted Analysis …”

K. Baron, C. Rübsam, M. Werra, F. Küçükay Hybridized manual transmission – Opportunities and challenges of mild hybridization S. I-49-I-66

„… during vehicle deceleration maneuver, load point shifting for combustion optimization, support …” „… according to the operation strategy as required. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2354, 2019 53 6. Simulation method The …” „… specification and used for fuel economy simulation. Fig. 4: Valid RDE cycle variant for the simulation [3 …”

D. Schweigert, M. Mileti, B. Morhard, M. Sedlmair, M. Fromberger, M. Otto, T. Lohner, K. Stahl Innovative transmission concept for hyper-high-speed electromechanical powertrains S. I-541-I-554

„… advantages are offset by new challenges with respect to load capacity, efficiency and NVH behaviour. All …” „… [Idl16] or to reduce the noise emissions by avoiding unfavourable load ratios or input speeds. [Gwi14 …” „… also in an increased tilting moment which could lead to an unequal load distribution. Finally, the …”

W. Wenzel, M. Eglinger, M. Li, C. Sieg, J. Hengst, F. Küçükay Next generation of 48V HEV S. I-295-I-312

„… is used to decrease the load point of the ICE since the simulation is required to be SOC neutral …” „… the powertrains, a modular simulation model developed at the Institute of Automotive Engineering (IAE …” „… ) is used. Furthermore, a lossmap-based transmission loss simulation is integrated to improve the …”

S. Johnsen, R. Wexenberger Mechatronic transmission control module for agile AMT Transmission actuation in commercial vehicles S. III-75-III-84

„… handle residual loads, etc. Self-adjustment mechanisms may be categorized into two domains; incremental …” „… the screw element is the main working principle. Providing a position dependent, non-load carrying …” „… cyclic, biand unidirectional load to the clutch push rod and shift forks. Long experience with …”

S. Sudo, T. Maeda, R. Kobayashi Drivetrain trend of truck of Asian market and new technology drive train for HD truck S. III-1-III-8

„… cycle simulation Calculate load cycle of each component by simulation virtual vehicle model with …” „… different. Operation conditions in Asian countries; heavy over load, narrow and rough road, steep hill, so …” „… consider with heavy over loaded, steep hill and rough load…Increase load on each component. Drivetrain …”

C. Dassler, M. Kurch, M. Nichols NVH-challenges and solution approaches in electric drive development from the supplier‘s view S. I-349-I-366

„… assessment of noise character. In later phases of the development, numerical simulation models are …” „… laminated stator plate stack and update of simulation model As mentioned before, forces acting in …” „… mechanical structure, airborne sound simulation is often performed using either a finite element method (FEM …”

T. Basbous, J. Mortal Electric driveline adaptation from passenger-car application to Light & Medium Truck application – A competitive, efficient, compact and light solution S. III-19-III-28

„… with full load: ○ 3% slope: 90 km/h ○ 8% slope: 50 km/h ● Acceleration at full load at 0% slope …” „… : ○ 0-50 km/h: < 10 sec ○ 0-90 km/h:< 30 sec SIMULATION MODEL AND DRIVING CYCLE The simulation model …” „… confirmed by simulation for top speed achievable at different slopes. As shown in Fig. 7, a ~115 kW motor …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-I-I-XII

„… Multi-gear transmissions in electrified powertrains Development optimization by improving simulation methods …” „… � � � � � � � 103 A. Locher, M. Ebenhoch, P. Gutmann, ZF Friedrichshafen AG, Friedrichshafen Content f Simulation …” „… Virtual lubrication analysis – Simulation of oil flow in gearboxes using a novel lagrangian approach …”

S. Foulard, S. Rinderknecht, F. Braun, P. Jardin ecoLIFE3: An approach for a resource-efficient dimensioning of vehicle components based on a holistic optimization with real life load data –paradigm shift in transmission engineering based on big dat... S. I-213-I-226

„… Holistic Optimization with Real Life Load Data Paradigm Shift in Transmission Engineering Based on Big …” „… . This is done by so-called load & lifetime monitoring and, eventually, replacing components for the …” „… theoretically 99.9 % of the usage profiles. For cost and time reasons, simulations and few field tests mainly …”

K. von Rueden, C. Danzer, J. Liebold, T. Mueller, T. Hirschbeck 1, 2 or 3 – how much it would be? Evaluating the need of multispeed electric drives coming from different perspectives S. I-227-I-254

„… only associated with high motor speeds. In addition, it is advisable to adjust the load of the engine …” „… loads of the machine. Increasing the maximum motor speed does not pose an electromagnetic challenge …” „… ), maximum load on the cages of rolling bearings as a result of smooth running, sealing function and …”

D. P. Morisco, I. Liviu Iepure Enhanced application of high-performance-computing in the design process of high-power-density traction motors S. II-85-II-98

„… Simulation (3D-FEM). Insbesondere wenn die Berechnung auf lokalen Rechnersystemen erfolgt, ist dabei oftmals …” „… Simulationen. Abstract During the design process of electrical machines, nowadays an impressive effort is done …” „… challenging because of the severe constraint of high torque density and thus high current load. The acute …”

P. Janssen, R. Keizer, T. Rosen Optimization of multi-motor electric drive systems – What is the optimum combination in terms of efficiency and cost? S. I-255-I-264

„… deceleration Efficiency simulation results For each configuration (EDU size and e-motor type) first the …” „… optimum torque split for lowest energy consumption was determined for all loads and vehicle speeds. Fig …” „… distribution and example power distribution map for one given powertrain combination The simulation study …”

A. Viehmann, J.-E. Schleiffer, S. Rinderknecht Evaluation of the dedicated range-extender transmission powertrain concept DE-REX regarding efficiency, costs and complexity – Comparative assessment of electric and hybrid powertrain configurations b... S. I-21-I-48

„… less powerful EM. Simulation-based investigations showed that the efficiency of electric powertrains …” „… based on the idea of the TDT In the course of Drivetrains in Vehicles 2014, a simulation-based …” „… simulation-based assessment of the electric energy consumption in the New European Driving Cycle (NEDC), the …”

R. Nasdal, K. Masser Diverse requirements, one product family – The HV Kit for LCV from MAGNA S. III-55-III-60

„… jam assistance, autonomous parking. Magna Simulation Tools Looking at the fundamental details …” „… , using the old NEDC cycle, which is still valid in China and in the new WLTP cycle: Simulations for …” „… simulations for WLTP end up in a more realistic CO2 reduction of ~9% up to 12%. Modular Powertrain …”

C. Möser, T. Märkle, K. Hornung Effective acoustic development of electrified powertrains – Combination of simulation and evaluation methods S. I-329-I-348

„… . Die beschriebene Simulations-Vorgehensweise als ein neues Werkzeug des Akustikingenieurs führt von den …” „… calculations 1D MBS with SimulationX: Torsional vibration analyses CAD-Daten CAD-Daten CAD-Daten …” „… Effective acoustic development of electrified powertrains Combination of simulation and …”

A. Kooy, R. Seebacher Minimize torsional vibrations – Full isolation if necessary S. I-313-I-328

„… development quality, something that Schaeffler ensures with actions such as the simulation of vehicle …” „… simulations. Shown is the isolation (colour charts left) and the oscillation angle (colour charts right) of …” „… , 2019318 Fig. 4: Basic simulation for optimization of the guide track curvature of the pendulum using …”

C. Schoerghuber, I. Müller, H. Wiener Dedicated hybrid transmission for commercial vehicle applications – Mechanical layout, system analysis and simulation of a dedicated hybrid transmission for commercial vehicles S. III-29-III-48

„… analysis and simulation of a dedicated hybrid transmission for commercial vehicles Dr. Christoph …” „… particular with dynamic load profiles as they are usual for city bus applications, via power-split and pure …” „… simulation, the new dedicated hybrid transmission can achieve significant fuel savings compared to modern …”

A. Kinigadner, T. Biermann Schaeffler eAxle family – future solutions for the electric drivetrain S. I-567-II-VIII

„… for this analysis is expertise in incorporating and continuously optimizing simulation tools and test …” „… different vehicle requirements. Continuous model building and simulation are necessary to dimension the …” „… expected load cycle. Distributed winding has proven to be advantageous for a high torque density along …”

H. Gürbüz, S. Ott, A. Albers Potentials for improving the system behaviour of highspeed clutches for BEV using optimal transmission springs S. I-265-I-278

„… shiftable high speed transmissions for electric drive systems into the project and creates the simulation …” „… maximize the input clutch speed and identify today's limits. In addition, the load shifting capability and …” „… relation to the direction of rotation of the latching crown, it is rotated around its axis under axial load …”

A. Esser, J.-E. Schleiffer, T. Eichenlaub, S. Rinderknecht Development of an optimization framework for the comparative evaluation of the ecoimpact of powertrain concepts S. I-137-I-162

„… high power demands or high decelerations. For the simulation-based evaluation of different powertrain …” „… performance indicators in the operational phase by simulation in Section 4. Section 5 shows the comparative …” „… powertrain concepts with the aid of simulation based on real driving data. An optimization framework was …”

H. Göbbels, S. Scholz, S. Volkmer Efficient 6-speed manual transmission for modern downspeeding solutions S. I-411-I-426

„… efficiency, even at low loads, as a result of its intelligent transmission fluid management capabilities …” „… Transmission fluid simulation In order to ensure the uniform and optimum lubrication of all relevant …” „… components under all operating conditions, the transmission fluid simulation for the MQ281 was conducted …”

B. Müller, C. Angrick, M. Fritz New concepts for electrical drive trains for high power density S. II-55-II-66

„… solution for which must be oriented towards the requirements of the application and the expected load …” „… selected, application-specific load points, with an outside stator diameter of 220 mm, 96 slots, and an …” „… with respect to each other. CFD simulation is used to optimize this component in order to ensure …”

V. Schroiff A modular Concept for EMI shielding of thermoplastic housings for E-Cars – An innovative approach to support weight saving and function integration S. II-161-III-VIII

„… heavy duty trucks Advanced simulation methods for new drivetrains VDI-BERICHTE Herausgeber: VDI …” „… , system analysis and simulation of a dedicated hybrid transmission for commercial vehicles …” „… , Powertrain and Chassis, Kongsberg Automotive GmbH, Hallbergmoos f Advanced Simulation Methods Simulation of …”

S. Kluemper Benefits of the new Allison 9-speed fully automatic – Medium duty commercial transmission S. III-61-III-74

„… discussed, including simulation findings and Greenhouse Gas regulation credits. INTRODUCTION The …” „… --> VDI-Berichte Nr. 2354, 201968 Neutral at Stop Neutral at Stop is a feature that reduces or eliminates the load …” „… respect to using a simulation platform to evaluate the effectiveness of different technologies on the …”

A. Moser, F. Brezger Efficiency improvements in transmissions using new latching technologies in clutch & hydraulic actuation systems S. I-427-I-446

„… are introduced and their potentials are shown with help of simulation in reference cycle. For …” „… detent contributes to the clamping load. Pressure is only required to keep the snap ring in the detent …” „… simulations and dimensioning calculations as well as endurance runs of 500’000 shifts. VDI-Berichte Nr …”

A. Alkan Human/machine readable language representation method in HEV drivetrain testing S. II-125-II-140

„… various testing environments - system dyno, hardware in the loop simulation test benches, e-machine …” „… Bench: The drivetrains are introduced to various loads in form of speed or torque provided by a dyno …” „… Loop-Simulationsprüfständen, E-Maschinen-Emulatoren und Testfahrzeugen. Dieser Vortrag beschäftigt sich hauptsächlich mit der …”

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Land.Technik AgEng 2017

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2300 2017

Results in this title

A. Sharda, R. Strasser, M. Rothmund Development and Utilization of a Planter Automatic Downforce Evaluation Test Stand to quantify System Response and Accuracy S. 345-354

„… , 2017 345 ing control loops. The control loops would used the simulation file data as a target load or …” „… simulation file, to actuate desired disc loads through the disc loading mechanism and platform height …” „… control loops. The control loops used the simulation file data as a target load or height setting while …”

W. Stark, C. Pieke Efficiency Optimization by Using “Vehicle in the Loop” Test Methodology S. 399-406

„… plus a hydraulic load unit. The test environment allows the replication of customer applications by …” „… vehicle hardware and simulation platform allows a realistic maneuver based testing for vehicle …” „… useful PTO work, providing high hydraulic load capability and (3) selecting an optimum travel speed for …”

M. Sieting, J. Krüger, H. J. Meyer Evaluation of a Suspension Concept of a Hydropneumatic Full Suspended Tractor with Focus on the Dymnamics in Combination with Implements S. 281-290

„… wheel-load coefficient (nDWC) based on simulation and measured data of the TUB-Trac (Track: smoother-Track …” „… multi-body simulation model, validated by measurement results that is built to calculate a large range of …” „… concepts (including the TUB-Trac) based on simulation results will be discussed. 1. Introduction At …”

D. Engelmann, M. R. Unger, M. Geimer Testing and Benchmarking a Powertrain with Independent Wheel Control for Heavy Machinery S. 303-314

„… loaders. LT3 is expected to improve the performance and augment new functions to the existing ones of …” „… using the MOBiL method. A discussion of the relevant results obtained for tractors and wheel loaders …” „… optimize the traction of tractors, combines, or wheel loaders. In most cases, these are conflicting …”

C. Birkmann, T. Fedde, L. Frerichs Influence of the Drive Train and Chassis on Power Shift Operations in Standard Tractors S. 439-446

„… influence is analyzed with the help of a complete tractor simulation model which is based on a given …” „… the load. In case of slipping clutches during the power shift operation the drive train is divided in …” „… transmission. The second one covers the secondary part of the transmission and the load. JEngine + Jprim …”

C. Geiger, M. Geimer Efficiency Optimisation of a Forestry Crane by Implement Hydraulics with Energy Recovery S. 175-184

„… forwarders significantly as the motor load decreases. In further steps, a simulation model of a forestry …” „… energy of the system due to active loads can be reused. Hence, in the first part of this paper, loading …” „… : VDI-Berichte Nr. 2300, 2017176 I. Motion of the grapple from the load bunk to the log II. Gripping of the …”

J. Schwehn, S. Häberle, S. Böttinger Development of energy requirements of tractors and implements S. 237-244

„… to find potentialities of further savings, using conventional farms and a simulation model. The aim …” „… steps in the process chain of the selected cultivation system. The further task of the simulation model …” „… following simulation model, the back tracing of an implement to a certain manufacturer is not possible …”

K. Ritters, P. Winkelhahn, L. Frerichs, B. Kriebel Determining saving potentials in a tractor drivetrain using a simulation model and measured operating data S. 297-302

„… Determining saving potentials in a tractor drivetrain using a simulation model and measured …” „… in the powertrain for different operating states. The use of simulation models is appropriate to be …” „… representative loads. For this, a high number of data sets for different operation modes must be analysed. After …”

C. Körtgen, G. Morandi, G. Jacobs, A. Kramer Efficient development by automatic calibration of tractor transmission control units S. 291-296

„… driving behavior simulations, the subjective rating of the driving behavior by the calibration engineer …” „… driving behavior of the tractor automated. The first option is the simulation of the driving behavior in …” „… a tractor simulation model and the second option is the testing of the real tractor on a test bench …”

Á. Kovács, I. J. Jóri, G. Kerényi A new discrete element model (DEM) for maize S. 211-218

„… there is no suitable simulation method that could predict the interactions among fibrous agricultural …” „… agricultural crops is becoming much more widespread but there is no suitable simulation method that could …” „… , flexural load and free cut on the stalk; collision of maize ears. The maize stalk and ear are mainly …”

T. H. Langer Model-in-the-Loop Tuning of Hitch Control Systems of Agricultural Tractors S. 191-198

„… scheme, that based on sensors can relax the hitch by lifting the implement, reducing the pulling load …” „… . These experimental data can be utilized in a simulation model, that represents the mechanical …” „… properties for the plough, tractor and tire-soil interaction. The output of the simulation serves as signal …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVII

„… electric autonomous agricultural machine – 15 O. Lagnelöf Simulation of all operations on a Swedish farm …” „… Page Data Management and Simulation Concepts J. Schroeter, Real-time View and Documentation of …” „… Manufacturer 149 W. Angermair, Independent Machine Data S. Pauli J. Redenius, A multilevel simulation …”

F. Hantschack, R. Rahmfeld, J. Bagusch, A. Meyer, E. Dohm Development of a high performance continuously variable drive for mobile agricultural and construction machinery S. 315-322

„… drive. The fields of application of telehandlers and wheeled loaders have become so divers that now …” „… large distances are travelled, heavy loads pulled and high-dynamic and long Y-cycles are realized in …” „… shifting at a high-performance level. Image 4 shows some simulation results of rotation groups with …”

J. Engström, O. Lagnelöf Battery electric autonomous agricultural machine – Simulation of all operations on a Swedish farm S. 15-22

„… Battery electric autonomous agricultural machine – Simulation of all operations on a Swedish farm …” „… theoretical simulation by building a test platform where knowledge can be gathered about the problems and …” „… tractor through simulation. The simulated farm is an organic dairy farm of 200 ha with 5 crops in the …”

A. Meiners, S. Häberle, S. Böttinger Advancement of the Hohenheim Tractor Model – Adaption on current demands S. 245-254

„… harvester, wheel loader As an approach for these simulation models, the Hohenheim Tractor Model based on …” „… machine combinations. As an advancement of the simulation model according to Schreiber [1], first …” „… acquisition, simulation models are built up to determine the fuel consumption of agricultural process chains …”

A. Bürger, S. Böttinger Driving comfort analysis of an agricultural tractor with the Hohenheim Tyre Model on complex tracks S. 263-272

„… agricultural tractor with a multi-body simulation model. The evaluation is exemplarily based on international …” „… test tractor. The measurements and the simulation results show a good correlation in both time and …” „… test methods. Accompanying the design process of a tractor, simulation models of these vehicles can …”

C. Korn, T. Herlitzius Coupled CFD-DEM simulation of separation process in combine harvester cleaning devices S. 199-210

„… Coupled CFD-DEM simulation of separation process in combine harvester cleaning devices Dipl …” „… – Discrete Element Method) for the simulation of the separation process of grain and material other than …” „… of a valid simulation model. The study presented in this paper investigates the separation process …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023006

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International Conference on Gears 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2389 2022

Results in this title

P. Roth, M. Hein, K. Stahl Scuffing load capacity calculation of worm gears S. 811-824

„… . The simulation considers the local loads and calculates the local heat flux strain ? ?,? based on the …” „… meshing cycle. Using the simulation to vary geometries, load conditions and materials allows to identify …” „… simulationderived equation (3)02004006008000 200 400 600 800flash tempature (simulation) / °Cflash …”

W. Wagner, S. Schumann, B. Schlecht Enhanced loaded tooth contact analysis of hypoid gears within a multi-body-system simulation S. 357-370

„… stages in MBS simulations. Thereby, an incorrect axial position can lead to errors in the load capacity …” „… compliances the load distribution can be calculated. Since the publication of the article “Co-simulation of …” „… “Verzahnungs-Co-Simulation mit BECAL”. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2389, 2022358Calculation of the load distributionAs described in the …”

F. Mieth, C. Ulrich, B. Schlecht Stress calculation on bevel gears with FEM influence vectors S. 585-596

„… load capacity lower than the pitting load capacity.Fig. 13: Simulation matrix for comparing flank …” „… the aim of cost reduction and the careful handling of resources, load capacity is an important …” „… efficiency of the new calculation method and to compare the results to current state-of-the-art simulations …”

W. Kassem, M. Oehler, B. Sauer, S. Schmidt, J. Hausmann Investigation of the time-dependent behavior of plastic gears with local tribological simulation S. 1281-1294

„… modelled as a function of temperature and load velocity. The multi-physics simulation presented below …” „… geometry of size 2 FE analysis Friction simulationTemperature calculation Wear simulationGeometry …” „… simulation of real component surfaces. With the locally acting line loads ? , the width of a single contact …”

B. Legrady, M. Taesch, G. Tschirschnitz, C. F. Mieth Prediction of churning losses in an industrial gear box with spiral bevel gears using the smoothed particle hydrodynamic method S. 651-664

„… simulations is in very good agreement to the experiments and could be validated visually. Load …” „… are also accurately captured by the corresponding SPH simulation.The large, tapered bearing facing the …” „… simulation.Contrary to the experiment, some oil ligaments periodically detach from the wheel in the simulation. This …”

K. Daubach, M. Oehler, B. Sauer Wear simulation of worm gears based on an energetic approach S. 329-342

„… ? ∗ ⋅ ? ⋅ ? (2) VDI-Berichte Nr. 2389, 2022330Load is described in the tribological simulation with a local line …” „… Wear simulation of worm gears based on an energetic approach Dipl.-Ing. K. Daubach, Jun. Prof …” „… smaller gears. In this context a simulation model for abrasive wear of worm gears was developed, which is …”

L. Hildebrand, F. Dangl, M. Sedlmair, T. Lohner, K. Stahl CFD analysis on the oil flow of a gear stage with guide plate S. 677-694

„… ) simulations to predict the gearbox oil flow and no-load losses. Thereby, the influence of housing geometry and …” „… simulation results identifies the contribution of different gear surface zones to the no-load gear loss …” „… lubricated spur gear stage with a guide plate. Grid-based CFD models with different simulation setups were …”

J. Vorgerd, P. Tenberge, M. Joop Scuffing of cylindrical gears with pitch line velocities up to 100 m/s S. 903-914

„… scuffing at pitch line velocities up to 100 m/s is presented. The scuffing load capacity depending on the …” „… damage location and the surface condition. Based on the experimental results, a simulation approach with …” „… an accuracy superior to the existing standards for calculating the scuffing load capacity of …”

N. Tros, J. Brimmers, T. Bergs Approach for multiscale modeling the thermomechanical tool load in gear hobbing S. 1489-1502

„… thermomechanical load in the linear-orthogonal cut 2.1 Setup and conditions of the simulation The simulation was …” „… thermomechanical load in gear hobbing on differ-ent scales. At the micro scale, FEA simulations of the orthogonal …” „… Approach for multiscale modeling the thermomechanical tool load in gear hobbing Nico Troß, Jens …”

A. Miltenovic, M. Banic Investigation of the meshing friction heat generation of worm gears and influence of the contact shape S. 803-810

„… determine the scuffing load capacity. For analyzing thermal characteristics of worm gear pair and thermal …” „… load capacity. In the paper, the transient thermal behavior among different pinion machine-setting …” „… the load capacity of worm gear pair. Paschold [1] developed method to determine the efficiency and …”

A. Eric, D. Olveda, T. Froschmeier, V. Schulze Local pitting fatigue concept with EHL simulation for case hardened gears in electrical drives S. 133-144

„… endurable load capacity. These developments have renewed the demand for improved simulation approaches for …” „… , a series of simulations with the presented method are performed at these respective load levels …” „… Local Pitting Fatigue Concept with EHL Simulation for Case Hardened Gears in Electrical Drives A …”

C. Schonke, T. Magdy, K. Daubach, W. Kassem, M. Oehler, O. Koch Simulation of high torque density gearbox noise excitation S. 837-848

„… deviations, under high loads all orders match between the measurements and the simulation. The global sine is …” „… Simulation of high torque density gearbox noise excitation C. Schönke, T. Magdy, COMPOSE GmbH i.G …” „… modeling of contacting surfaces. A holistic FE-based simulation approach was developed to deal with these …”

A. Alnahlaui, P. Tenberge Improved method for the determination of tooth root endurance strength S. 31-44

„… the calculation of components in such a way that they can withstand given external loads for a given …” „… load cycles, if the load is of a corresponding magnitude [3]. Where the actual fatigue strength limit …” „… lies depends, among other things, on the material, heat treatment and surface treatment. The load …”

F. Muller, S. Schumann, B. Schlecht Innovative tooth contact analysis with non-uniform rational b-spline surfaces S. 171-184

„… , the local load capacity regarding flank and root can be determined. In addition, this simulation tool …” „… load-free tooth contact simulation, the tooth is divided into spheri-cal sections along the face width …” „… , Germany Abstract More and more simulation tools are being used in the development of gears in order to …”

A. Beinstingel, M. Heider, B. Pinnekamp, S. Marburg Gear mesh excitation and non-uniform rational B-splines S. 91-102

„… , power density, efficiency and reliability [3]. Therefore, an efficient and accurate simulation …” „… investigates the applicability of this simulation strategy for strength analyses focusing on the tooth root …” „… against established calculation strategies and is then applied in a dynamic simulation. Further research …”

N. Hessinger, M. Braunstingl, H. Bansal Advanced use of DOE in gear geometry optimization S. 281-286

„… operating points as well as an even level of improvement over the entire load spectrum of the application …” „… parameters is executed not only regarding quality at an individual load point but also concerning their …” „… conditions at different loads and misalignments. Misalignment Evaluation As an initial definition for the …”

D. Park, A. Rezayat, Y. Gwen Gear design optimization for multi-mesh and multi-power flow transmissions under a broad torque range incorporated with multibody simulations S. 849-862

„… range incorporated with multibody simulations Dr. Daehyun Park, Dr. Ali Rezayat, Siemens Industry …” „… scenario is translated into a multi-objective optimization in a multibody simulation environment with all …” „… operating conditions where loads vary. Artoni et. al. [3] proposed a gear optimization methodology to …”

E. Lamaj, J. Blomeke, F. Rudolph, J. Hermes A comprehensive, fully parametrized calculation model for improved helical-hypoid gearbox efficiency S. 825-836

„… the tooth flanks, derived from a manufacturing simulation, as well as the loads applied to the gear …” „… to optimize the gearbox efficiency and load capacity. 1. Full Factorial Gear Unit Evaluation As a …” „… manufacturer of standard and application specific gear units, SEW-EURODRIVE has to ensure a sufficient load …”

S. Bill Efficiency improvement and surface protection by using particle-based phyllosilicate-additive S. 935-942

„… simulation on the SRV test bench with the test load values provided by Optimol. Following parameters were …” „… modified surface has a significantly lower surface roughness, which ensures a better load distribution and …” „… effects lead to higher efficiency, great reliability, and longer lifetime. Fig. 1: Load distribution in …”

J. Gotz, F. Siglmuller, M. Furst, M. Otto, K. Stahl Experimental investigation of the dynamic load sharing of planetary gearboxes S. 409-420

„… Experimental investigation of the dynamic load sharing of planetary gearboxes J. Götz, M. Sc., F …” „… sector. Aerospace applications in particular benefit from a full use of the load capacity potential to …” „… meet the requirements for lightweight construction and efficiency. Against this background, the load …”

P. Rodel, R. Spieler, M. Indenbirken, T. Nuisl Holistic friction optimization of transmissions – a significant contribution for sustainability S. 731-744

„… . Besides the simulation of the elastic behavior of shafts and housings, the calculation of load …” „… , interactions, and operating conditions. The approach bases on the calculation of the load distribution of the …” „… , targeted, and application-oriented design regarding load capacity, acoustics (NVH) and energy efficiency …”

S. Matkovič, M. Kalin Effect of tribological properties on tooth root fatigue failure of polymer gears S. 1257-1268

„… high-performance gears is between metal pinon and polymer gear, which minimizes the thermal load [1]. Tribological …” „… to evaluate the effect of slide-to-roll ratio (SRR) temperature and load on the tribological behavior …” „… valid stress in tooth root, FEM simulation should be performed. In this manuscript, the two recent …”

U. Kissling Generation of a torque spectrum from measured torque-speed-time data S. 533-544

„… , KISSsoft AG, Bubikon, Switzerland 1 Introduction Variable loads resulting from a working process …” „… drive system. The magnitude and frequency of these loads depend upon the driven machine, the motor, the …” „… dynamic mass elastic properties of the system and other effects [1]. These variable loads (stresses) may …”

S. Ebrahimi, J. Langhart, D. Marano NVH calculations for drivetrains, a methodology for selection of the best suitable calculation approach for a specific purpose S. 75-90

„… transient loads are evaluated. In case of the NVH evaluation, furthermore the housing is excited by the …” „… behavior. Furthermore, the deflection of the transmission housing arising from the operational loads can …” „… frequencies of the gear sets are increased. The dynamic loads are significantly enhanced when the gear mesh …”

J. Thomas, C. Gosselin, F. Mieth Design, strength calculation by ISO10300 and loaded TCA of forged differential bevel gears S. 157-170

„… Thomas, Dr.-Ing., ZG Hypoid GmbH, Aschheim; Claude Gosselin, P.Eng., Ph.D., Involute Simulation …” „… specialized suppliers. Extensive experience with the load capacity of these gears is available for …” „… conventional drives. With increasing electrification, however, new loads are occurring as a result of …”

L. Ryali, D. Talbot Dynamic load distribution of planetary gear sets subject to both internal and external excitations S. 389-408

„… Dynamic Load Distribution of Planetary Gear Sets Subject to Both Internal and External Excitations …” „… investigation on the load distribution and dynamic behavior of planetary gear sets subjected to both internal …” „… and external excitations. A three-dimensional dynamic planetary load distribution model that …”

K. Kumagai, H. Liu, S. Kurokawa Improving pitting durability by introducing the non-linear wear propagation property of helical gears S. 317-328

„… , Kyushu University, Japan Abstract In this study, a simulation method taking into account sequential …” „… that pitting durability can be improved if wear can be controlled well under high load conditions. As a …” „… and controlling the non-linear wear propagation property under high load conditions. 1. Introduction …”

A. Kubo, A. Ueda, R. Uehara Development of IP-bevel gears for industrial operation S. 343-356

„… transmitting action. IP-bevel gears have therefore a bigger margin for increasing the load carrying capacity …” „… flank is similar to that of the conventional bevel or hypoid gears: i.e. The load carrying area on …” „… tooth flank spreads toward big end, when the tooth flank load increases 2 The moving direction of the …”

P. Tenberge, R. Uelpenich, P. Dong, R. He Very fast tooth root optimization – general tool geometry for much smaller tooth root stresses S. 457-468

„… AbstractFig. 1: Critical load condition on a tooth of a gearwheel and according tooth root …” „… stressesFig. 1 illustrates the critical load condition on a tooth of a gear and the resulting stress condition …” „… gear at the point of highest load with its tool tip corner. Mostly, the tool corner is rounded …”

R. Chen, D. Qin, C. Liu Study on electromechanical coupled dynamic characteristics of transmission system of wind turbine S. 763-778

„… turbine drive system is not only affected by random wind loads for a long time but also by the …” „… variable speed and variable-load conditions, a finite element model of the generator, and voltage vector …” „… ), Multi-source excitation, Variable speed and Variable load. Introduction As a kind of green, renewable energy …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVIII

„… Transmissions, Chongqing University, Chongqing, ChinaLocal pitting fatigue concept with EHL simulation for case …” „… contacts with tribological loads such as in tooth flank contacts …” „… 157 J. Thomas, ZG Hypoid GmbH, Aschheim, Germany;C. Gosselin, Involute Simulation Softwares Inc …”

F. Eigner, S. Heinrich, M. Berger An approach on contact analysis for micro geometry optimization of the gear unit HypoGear S. 943-950

„… Fig. 3: Flowchart for load less contact analysis. Compared to an FE simulation, this process is …” „… the tooth face from too high load transmission at the edges. To confirm these results a FE simulation …” „… designs out of the rule. Furthermore, the load less contact analysis is only an auxiliary tool and does …”

P. Tenberge, J. Vorgerd, L. Gondecki 2-disc tribometer for various tests on sliding/rolling contacts with tribological loads such as in tooth flank contacts S. 145-156

„… 2-disc tribometer for various tests on sliding/rolling contacts with tribological loads such as in …” „… tribometer, all relevant load components can be reproduced in their local and timely courses very …” „… ) (b)Fig. 1: New 2-disc tribometer (b) to copy all tribological loads and effects from a test-box with real …”

J. Furst, F. Joachim, C. Gosselin, J. Thomas Improved design and manufacturing of face gears S. 1461-1466

„… Simulation Softwares Inc., Quebec, Canada; Dr. Joachim Thomas, ZG Hypoid GmbH, Aschheim Abstract The state …” „… its advantages are reported as well as the design, load capacity calculation similar to ISO 10300 and …” „… the tooth contact analysis under load using both the HyGEARS and BECAL applications. To our knowledge …”

J.-A. Meis, M. Walkowiak Influence of case hardness depth on tooth interior fatigue fracture S. 863-874

„… fracture, a parameter variation was performed using the simulation model presented in [1]. In a first step …” „… quantify the influences. Simulation model for the interior fatigue fracture risk The presented model is …” „… represented by the load duration distribution. Details to this procedure can be found in [1], [5] and [6]. The …”

N. Sagraloff, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Suitability of the test results of micropitting tests acc to FVA 54/7 for modern practical gear applications S. 469-484

„… Gear Manufacturers Association 2006. [22] Walkowiak M. Local loads and wear simulation in the tooth …” „… Center (FZG), Technical University of Munich, Garching Abstract A high load carrying capacity …” „… that a lubricant with a sufficient micropitting load- carrying capacity be used to avoid micropitting …”

B. van Wissen, M. Kanters, F. Mitsuzuka, K. Iwanaga, M. Meuwissen, A. Hasanovic Predicting static and fatigue performance of fiber reinforced plastic gears S. 1083-1098

„… and durability performance with root fracture as a failure mode. Applications with many different load …” „… failure To predict failure for a static load case on a gear application, local stress information is …” „… orientation can be predicted with injection molding simulation software, such as Moldflow or Moldex. These …”

S. Reitschuster, C. M. Illenberger, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Application of high performance polymer gears in light urban electric vehicle powertrains S. 1181-1196

„… sufficient load-carry-ing capacity. Assuming usual driving cycles and lifetime, the calculations according to …” „… VDI 2736 [1] indicate a sufficient load-carrying capacity for the polymer gears used inside. Under the …” „… load characterized in particular by the high compliance of the plastic material. Numerical …”

D. Zorko, Z. Bergant, B. Černe Potential of woven carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite gears S. 1071-1082

„… bearings [1,2] and gearboxes, where cyclical loads and harsh operating environments lead to fatigue and …” „… by injection molding. To increase the load-bearing capacity and wear resistance, short reinforcing …” „… composite/composite combinations of driving and driven gears were tested. An increase in load-bearing capacity of …”

L.-C. Chang, S.-J. Tsai, C.-H. Huang Contact characteristics of cycloid planetary gear drives considering backlashes and clearances S. 215-226

„… influence coefficient method is proposed in the paper. The variation of shared load, contact stress on each …” „… individual cycloid tooth and on bearing rollers, as well as the load of pin-hole are simulated with …” „… affect the loads acting on the pins of the-pin-shaft more strongly than the bearing, and have almost no …”

M. Furst, J. Gotz, M. Otto, K. Stahl Automation of gearbox design S. 787-802

„… available to evaluate the load carrying capacity of all key components of a simple gear train, namely …” „… calculation of the shaft load carrying capacity to directly adjust the shaft’s diameter and length values. The …” „… simulation environments are available to evaluate designs. In early design phases, these usually focus only …”

K. J. Winkler, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Influence of grinding zones on the tooth root bending strength of case carburized cylindrical gears S. 287-304

„… influence factors for this comparison are the actual load, the gear geometry and the material strength …” „… stresses acting inside a component that is free from external loads. The internal forces and moments …” „… occurring in the near-surface material layer of the tooth root area can counteract tensile load stresses and …”

F. Donner, T. Scheu, M. Weigand Dynamic simulation of a rotor system with variable speed S. 985-994

„… Dynamic Simulation of a Rotor System with Variable Speed Dipl.-Ing. / M.Sc. Florian Donner …” „… current project VARI-SPEED II the dynamic simulation of the system is built up. The poster describes the …” „… approach to the simulation and shows first results. After completion of the simulation the elaborated rotor …”

P. I. Pedrero, D. Martinez–Lopez, M. Pleguezuelos, J. Calvo–Irisarri, M. B. Sanchez, A. Fernandez–Sison Minimum friction losses in wind turbine gearboxes S. 715-730

„… manner that the transverse contact ratios are kept, and therefore the critical load points for bending …” „… dimensions and transmitted loads, and consequently on the stress levels and load carrying capacities. But …” „… improve the mechanical efficiency at expense of worsen the teeth strengths or load carrying capacities. In …”

T. Matsumura, K. Mioki, M. Kada, R. Okuizumi, A. Pogačnik Improved calculation methodology for the prediction of tooth temperature of plastic gears S. 1237-1248

„… method to derive the actual contact ratio under load and the COF in gears by using CAE simulation and ii …” „… determined using FEM simulations. The actual contact ratio in-creases with increasing temperature because the …” „… remained constant for all the loads. The trend observed with the theoretical contact ratio is no longer …”

F. Lagier, A. Bischofberger, K. Bause, S. Ott Suitability of additive manufactured PEEK gears as a means of gear sampling for automotive high-speed gearboxes S. 1045-1060

„… . Bause, S. Ott und M. Albers, Hg., Simulation-based evaluation of high-speed PEEK gears in automotive …” „… low-load and low-speed domain [17]. The guideline shows short-comings for a use in high-speed applications …” „… material locally increases the stresses on the component, which cannot withstand the load for which it was …”

A. Gebhard, W. Kassem, M. Oehler Cylinder-on-ring model wear tests as an input data source for the simulation of friction and wear of plastic gears S. 1133-1148

„… . Application of the experimental data in the gear simulationThe experimental results from the tribological …” „… simulationThe gear simulation combines a finite element analysis (FEA) to determine the gear deformation and …” „… the gear simulation.After the input parameters (gear geometry, material data, meshing parameters, etc …”

H.-J. Dennig, L. Zumofen, A. Kirchheim, S. Winterberg, D. Stierli Increasing the safety against scuffing of additive manufactured gear wheels by internal cooling channels S. 1345-1364

„… lubrication, used to dissipate the heat generated at the tooth contact simultaneously creates load …” „… , the load-independent losses can be reduced, and the 1 …” „… surface and the tooth root are subjected to time-dependent loads. The latter is not discussed further in …”

P. H. O. Teixeira, J. Brimmers, T. Bergs Consideration of micro-interaction in the modeling of generating gear grinding processes S. 1517-1528

„… generates high thermo-mechanical loads in the contact zone. If these loads reach critically high values …” „… topography in an already existing geometric penetration calculation model for the simulation of generating …” „… , 7, 8] have been developed on the topic of simulation models representing the grains engagement …”

G. Klein New chamfer cutting solutions for cylindrical gears: gaining productivity and flexibility S. 1397-1410

„… remaining burrs become brittle during super-carburization in the heat treatment process. Under load …” „… , especially with edge load situations, material can break off and hardened particles can reduce transmission …” „… material accumulation or steps in the root when chamfering the root. A specially developed simulation …”

P. Mahendra Rao, S. Foletti, L. Bonaiti, C. Gorla, S. Beretta, F. Concli Mode III threshold under rolling contact fatigue and development of a test gearbox for planet gears S. 499-510

„… mixed approach based on both, numerical simulations and experimental tests is needed. The main goal of …” „… . Both, the tangential and radial gear pair loads (Fig. 1) have been applied, and the target contact …” „… ovalization which is due to the considerable bending moments generated due to the gear loads in the …”

A. Baumann, B. Bertsche Coefficient of friction behavior of gear oils and significance for the meshing process of spur gears S. 745-762

„… velocity and contact pressure. The rheological data is used for simulation of gear contacts. It was found …” „… friction increased with rising load in the contact zone and rising SRR [3]. Wincierz et al. studied the …” „… flanks are completely separated by an oil film. Under load, there are high surface pressures on the …”

X. Zheng, Y. Hu FE analysis and predication on the traveling wave – resonance of aero-gears S. 915-926

„… model, which is a surrogate model using deterministic computer simulations. In order to provide initial …” „… percent 6.98% 13.3% 13.1% Simulation results comparison on tooth stress conditions and displacements is …” „… Bevel and Hypoid Gears under Load. New York: Gleason Works Publication 1981. [2] Kubo A, Tarutani I …”

T.-T. Mac, D. Iba, Y. Matsushita, S. Mukai, T. Inoue, A. Fukushima, N. Miura, T. Iizuka, A. Masuda, I. Moriwaki Application of genetic algorithms for parameters identification in a developing smart gear system S. 239-252

„… values of its variables so that the simulation result and experimental data of return loss can be matched …” „… . Mean squared error (MSE) between simulation data and experimental data is the object of the GA …” „… produce the corresponding simulation result which has a best fitness with the experimental data. According …”

K. Fukanoki, K. Matsuo, Y. Suzuki, K. Fujiki Practical application of asymmetric tooth root geometry for downsizing automotive transmission gears S. 197-214

„… breakage. By applying the modified Miner’s rule, the target number of load cycles is defined based on the …” „… strength. The method proposed by Kubo and Umezawa (Fig.1) [2] was applied to calculate the load …” „… distribution on a simultaneous line of contact. The tooth root bending stress was then calculated from the load …”

X. Tian, L. Zhou, J. Han, L. Xia Research on tooth flank twist compensation of continuous generating grinding gear based on flexible electronic gearbox S. 1005-1018

„… dressing the threaded wheel. The simulation results show that this method can effectively compensate for …” „… commonly used technology for gear finishing. To improve the working performance of gears, such as load …” „… design, generation methods, meshing simulation, stress analysis. İmrek et al. [6] modified the face width …”

B. James Developing a digital thread linking gear design to manufacturing simulation and metrology S. 185-196

„… Developing a Digital Thread linking Gear Design to Manufacturing Simulation and Metrology Barry …” „… tools have failed to deliver on the promises of Concurrent Engineering since the simulation is …” „… , manufacturing simulation and metrology of cylindrical gears are linked together, marking a significant step …”

S. Sklenak, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Analysis of local wear within the dry lubricated rolling- sliding contact of coated surfaces S. 305-316

„… are subjected to high mechanical loads [1, 2]. The combination of liquid lubricant and the kinematics …” „… materials are not suitable for tooth contact under high mechanical loads. The third approach to design a …” „… mechanical load. Based on the analysis of light microscopic images and profile measurements, conclusions are …”

Y. Marchesse, M. Ruzek, F. Ville, P. Velex On windage power loss reduction achieved by flanges S. 665-676

„… high-speed gearing system the load-independent losses become prominent when peripheral speeds are above 100 …” „… near-wall turbulent region (y+< 3 at the first grid points away from all walls). Simulations based on the …” „… . However, it is difficult to experimentally validate this reason and further numerical simulations should …”

D. Mevissen, L. Uhlmann, U. Kupper, J. Brimmers, T. Bergs Analysis of friction of bowl-shaped surface structures resulting from alternative gear manufacturing processes S. 1371-1382

„… characterized by bowl-shaped cups which may lead to an optimized running behavior in terms of friction or load …” „… and load capacity increase of highly loaded rolling contacts [9; 15]. A central result of the …” „… investigation of the influence of single combinations of loads on strength and efficiency, because load and …”

T. Arndt, J. Klose, M. Gerstenmeyer, V. Schulze Tool wear development in gear skiving process of quenched and tempered internal gears S. 1331-1344

„… also beneficial for tool life [2]. In a theoretical study, Guo et al. demonstrate, that the load …” „… partners in easier-to-investigate kinematics. − Multiscale simulations by means of FEM, CFD and molecular …” „… , lubrication and transportation—coupled mechanical and fluid-dynamical simulation methods for efficient …”

P. Barreiro, S. Pfrimmer, G. Armutcu, J. Hermes Quality improvement of an aluminum gearbox housing by implementing additive manufacturing S. 1429-1446

„… right shows the simulation results using Magma Soft concerning the critical solidification zones …” „… cooling. Right: Critically cooled areas of the cast part (Magma Soft). According to the simulation …” „… Figure 7). The simulation was based only on a static structural analysis. Neither the influence of …”

J. Hochrein, M. Trubswetter, M. Otto, K. Stahl Direct flank geometry calculation for face gears S. 1447-1460

„… elaborate Finite Element Method simulations. The basis for the tooth contact simulation and the development …” „… calculation of the load carrying capacity [3, 15, 21]. Bauhoffer describes the varying pressure angle with a …” „… generation method will serve as the basis for investigations regarding the contact simulation of face gears …”

B. Schalley, J. Brimmers, T. Bergs Potential and challenges of profile gear grinding with vitrified bonded cBN S. 1569-1582

„… regarding load-carrying capacity and noise excitation behavior [1]. Discontinuous profile gear grinding has …” „… residual stress states can be achieved due to a lower thermal load input into the workpiece [8]. However …” „… - Untersuchung - Simulation. 1. Aufl. München: Hanser, 2017 [3] Kempa, B.: Zahnflankenprofilschleifen mit …”

A. Spatzig, N. Fujimura, P. de Oliveira Teixeira Practical analysis of productivity of grinding tools in the process of internal generating gear grinding S. 1319-1330

„… grinding wheel. This will show favorable effects on load capacity and wear behavior of the tooth flank [3 …” „… .; Brecher, C.: Zahnrad- und Getriebetechnik. Auslegung – Herstellung – Untersuchung – Simulation. Munich …”

A. Hilligardt, J. Klose, V. Schulze A new method for avoiding meshing interference in gear skiving S. 1305-1318

„… consuming CAD-simulation. In contrast, this paper presents an automated geometrical model for the analysis …” „… , 2006 [9] Hilligardt, A., u. Schulze, V.: A holistic approach for gear skiving design enabling tool load …”

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Commercial Vehicles 2021

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2380 2021

Results in this title

T. Mrazek, K. Puchner, D. Übellacker Fatigue development of a 10x10 commercial vehicle frame using dynamic and/or strength simulation, virtual iteration and component testing together with measurement data acquisition S. 73-80

„… construction of the test bench. On the simulation side, the question of the load data was a key issue. In this …” „… additional advantage of providing a stable simulation boundary condition. Virtual iteration for load …” „… Fatigue development of a 10x10 commercial vehicle frame using dynamic and/or strength simulation …”

S. Baker, S. Munshi, J. Huang High performance and efficiency hydrogen engine using westport fuel systems’ Commercially available HPDI fuel system S. 97-116

„… , premixed natural gas engines at WFS. CFD Model for HPDI Combustion Simulation The details for the …” „… , ECDI SI, and HPDI with Pilot ignition. Simulations were carried out for two gaseous fuels - natural …” „… gas (NG) and pure hydrogen (H2). The simulations were focused on a heavy-duty engine application …”

H. Bublies, T. Dieckmann The chassis remains the backbone of road transport  smart & light S. 179-188

„… onboard vehicle load Position, load, pressure, … Air Spring, Shocks Date, localize and categorize …” „… capacity of materials Reduced system complexity Source: ZF internal investigation, GaBi simulation, 2019 …” „… ) compared to current parts • Intensive unidirectional Loads • No bending or torsion due to elastomer …”

J. F. Beaupère, F. Domprobst Tire contribution to truck sustainability – Roadmap to 2030 S. 135-148

„… divided by the load carried by the tire. When the tire is rolling, it generates heat because it is made …” „… ), for a truck tire: - Speed = 80kph - Load = 85% of load index - 3 hours warm up phase - Ambient …” „… a bit different since: - The actual load on the tire differs from the 85% of load index that is …”

L. Heber, J. Schwab, T. Knobelspies Thermoelectric generators for heavy-duty vehicles as an economical waste heat recovery system S. 17-32

„… Holistic design and evaluation with the use of modern simulation methods Lars Heber, Julian Schwab …” „… design with modern simulation methods allows the evaluation of the technology based on fuel and emission …” „… on the load point and the application profile of the vehicle. For the diesel heavy-duty vehicle, the …”

H. Ulmer, M. Rothschuh, F. Brinkmann, R. Wascheck, T. Delebinski eDrive & Fuel Cell powertrain systems engineering for commercial vehicles S. 55-72

„… systems at low load points, the overall system efficiency can be enhanced by increasing the installed …” „… power of 300 kW, achieves an efficiency of 50% at a constant load point, compared to 44% system …” „… load capacity are essential parameters. Fig. 9 shows a weight and cost estimation for different …”

C. Biedinger, T. Halfmann, M. Speckert, C. G. Berges, P. Cuny Consumption-optimized planning of transport missions using virtual drives S. 149-166

„… also influencing factors such as topography or traffic. The simulations enable detailed calculations …” „… routing giving a further route alternative. Afterwards, the speed profile simulation including traffic …” „… use the detailed simulation models within the optimization of the routing algorithm. However, this …”

C. Glöggler, C. Neuschl, A. Zaiser, D. Denzel Health & safety in public transport – Better climate and optimized hygiene in times of COVID-19 S. 229-244

„… microbial load of the interior air. The system is available for Mercedes-Benz and Setra buses equipped with …” „… reduction of viral load in the interior air of the vehicle. The indoor air quality in a vehicle is …” „… simulation of the dispersal behavior of aerosol particles in the immediate vicinity of several infected …”

J. Pell, I. Müller, W. Gruber, A. Schilk E/E architecture and operating strategy for fuel-cell trucks – Challenges and solutions for energy- and cost-efficient operation S. 117-134

„… efficiency map and full load characteristic of e-motors and inverter efficiency. The fuel cell VDI-Berichte …” „… component typical constant power values (e.g. steering pump). The shown simulation environment allows to …” „… architecture described was implemented in Matlab® Simulink and integrated in the simulation model in AVL …”

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International Conference on Gears 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2355 2019

Results in this title

M. Lutz, J. Hermes Use of multiple-body simulation during the development process of gear units S. 1077-1086

„… clarified with the help of the simulation model. Under load (gray line in Fig. 3), the radial stiffness of …” „… multi-body simulation, the time signals of the loads within the transmission can first be calculated and …” „… Use of multiple-body simulation during the development process of gear units Markus Lutz …”

H. Aurrekoetxea, I. Ruiz de Ocenda Experimental and theoretical study of load mesh factor for different boundary conditions in wind gearbox planetary stages S. 835-844

„… the absence of axial symmetry), but for averaged load values as for this study, the simulations give …” „… simulation of 4P and 5P configuration are creating a load share among planets which is very coherent with …” „… . Figure 8 shows how the Kɣ values improve with the load in both simulation and tests, which is in …”

F. Muller, S. Schumann, B. Schlecht Determination of S-N curves for pitting based on local damage analysis S. 657-668

„… contact simulation in BECAL [3]. In this way, local load spectra are acquired to determine suitable S-N …” „… number of load cycles for test and simulation is given in Fig. 8. Fig. 8: Pitting surface for varying …” „… estimation of lifetime regarding pitting load capacity, S-N curves are used to describe the relation between …”

F. Andary, G. Jacobs, J. Berroth Application of pre-calculated gear mesh stiffness on elastic gear bodies in multi-body simulation S. 1087-1098

„… computationally expensive, which makes the simulation of such models impractical for transient dynamic load …” „… Application of Pre-calculated Gear Mesh Stiffness on Elastic Gear Bodies in Multi-Body Simulation …” „… Elements and Systems Engineering (MSE), RWTH Aachen University, Aachen Abstract Multi-body simulation …”

C. Brecher, C. Lopenhaus, F. Goergen Transfer of the tooth flank stress into an analogy test concept to provoke the damage pattern tooth flank fracture (TFF) S. 25-36

„… test. In the last step, the calculated pulsator load sequences are fed back into the simulation model …” „… . Then the simulation results between running and analogy tests are compared based on one load cycle. The …” „… secondary actuator and the stress at the POI (bending beam theory), a simulation at maximum load at the …”

F. Mieth, B. Schlecht Loaded tooth contact analysis of bevel gears with complex gear body S. 185-192

„… simulation is still performed at one load tooth respectively for the whole gear. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355 …” „… “static load” simulation method In Fig. 5 (right) the deformation angle is shown for two tooth …” „… complex gear body geometries are in use, this simplified simulation approach has to be reconsidered …”

W. Wagner, S. Schumann, B. Schlecht Co-simulation of the tooth contact of bevel gears within a multibody simulation S. 217-228

„… therefore the load capacity of a hypoid gearing. With the aid of multi-body simulations, this problem can …” „… Co-simulation of the tooth contact of bevel gears within a multibody simulation Dipl.-Ing. Wolf …” „… Machine Design, Dresden University of Technology Abstract To calculate the load capacity of gear …”

M. Uhlig, C. Pastor Simulation tool-chain for plastic gear design S. 1453-1460

„… load spectrums. The fatigue simulation tool calculates the number of cycles N until failure for a …” „… Simulation tool-chain for plastic gear design Dipl.-Ing. Martin Uhlig, Robert Bosch GmbH …” „… highly integrated and optimized. Advanced simulation tools allow appropriate design to meet the …”

Y. Cai, L. Yao, J. Ding, S. Ouyang, J. Zhang Analysis of dynamic transmission error for nutation drive with double circular arc gears under assembly errors and different loads S. 343-354

„… assembly errors and varying load are obtained, and the simulation results are analyzed reasonably by using …” „… verifies the correctness of the simulation. It should be pointed out that when the load is 60 N·m in the …” „… assembly errors and different loads Yongwu Cai, Ligang Yao, Jiaxin Ding, Simin Ouyang, Jun Zhang …”

F. Rudolph, S. Schumann, B. Schlecht Consideration of solid particles in a gear lapping simulation S. 1675-1686

„… simulation or measurement data of an actual gear set. Load data for the considered point in time such as …” „… , this enlarged load distribution results in a wear depth simulation fitting the measurements. Figure …” „… Consideration of solid particles in a gear lapping simulation Dipl.-Ing. Felix Rudolph, Dr.-Ing …”

T. Pinel, J. Bruyere, P.Velex, L. Billet Parametric Study of a 3D trochoidal reducer model with involute profile S. 437-448

„… classical profile geometry combined with high reduction ratios lead to interference phenomena at no-load …” „… , non-conventional involute profiles have been calculated and used. Under load, tooth deflections lead to …” „… left out because of interference phenomena [10] that were faced under no load. Nevertheless, the range …”

M. Heider, B. Pinnekamp, A. Beinstingel Planetary gears: modes, noise and modifications application and validation of simulation and experiment S. 57-68

„… optimized for medium load 5. Conclusions The simulation methods and their possibilities and accuracy are …” „… Planetary Gears: Modes, Noise and Modifications Application and Validation of Simulation and …” „… aspects: a) impact of gears getting into mesh with the previous mesh being deflected under load resulting …”

E. Maier, T. Lohner, K. Stahl, P. Sperka, M. Hartl Detailed analyses of film thickness and friction in thermoplastic EHL contacts S. 1391-1400

„… load of 7 N over the duration of 30 s for measurement and simulation. Inverse calculation of the …” „… calculate EHL film thickness. A transient constant load test and an accompanying simulation was used to …” „… based on white light interferometry are compared to detailed thermo-EHL (TEHL) simulations …”

F. Concli, L. Maccioni, C. Gorla Power loss analysis of different high-power density gearbox typologies: CFD analysis and experimental measurements on a cycloidal gear set S. 101-114

„… simulations of splash losses of a gearbox,” Adv. Tribol., 2012. [24] F. Concli et al., “Load independent …” „… ), bearings and seals, literature is lacking in terms of load independent power loss of gears models (deep …” „… architectures, i.e. planetary, with similar performances (dimensions, reduction ratio and loads). Keywords …”

C. Natali, A. Rezayat, D. Park, P. Jiranek, T. Tamarozzi Analysis of manufacturing variability on the transmission error of an internal gear pair using a multibody framework S. 1099-1110

„… been applied on both rigid and flexible models. Simulations at different loads show a high influence at …” „… simulation based on different measured tooth flank topologies provided by the manufacturer. The simulated TE …” „… dangerous to operate at certain speeds and load conditions [2] [3] . The reliability of gear transmission …”

R. Beilicke, L. Bobach, D. Bartel Transient 3D TEHL simulation of spiral bevel gears under mixed friction conditions S. 529-540

„… Transient 3D TEHL simulation of spiral bevel gears under mixed friction conditions Dipl.-Ing …” „… Bartel, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg Abstract A simulation model for the transient …” „… , taking into account the real tooth geometry and kinematics. The simulation model includes approaches for …”

L. Stocco Complementary strengths of orbitless & planetary drives S. 1485-1496

„… identified and SimulationX [7] is used to demonstrate reduced Orbitless planet vibration. It is proposed …” „… Planetary and Orbitless drives are simulated side-by-side in a common SimulationX Multi-Body System (MBS …” „… ) environment. SimulationX Version 3.9.2 is used to develop a Planetary drive model which is then duplicated …”

P. Scholzen, C. Lopenhaus, C. Brecher, D. Billenstein, F. Rieg, G. Hammerl Investigation of the influence of elastic gear body structures on the operational behavior of gears S. 785-796

„… load-induced deformations of the elastic environment in the tooth contact a simulation of contact conditions …” „… objectives of a simulation-compliant degree of detail with the shortest possible calculation time. 7 …” „… and load distribution in tooth contact is possible. The content of this report is the integration of …”

B. Schlecht, T. Schulze Improved tooth contact analysis by using virtual gear twins – How helpful is AI for finding best gear design? S. 203-216

„… are load spectra or transient load data from simulations. Under all these conditions, the tooth flank …” „… possible under a variety of boundary conditions like geometry, different modifications and loads. This …” „… results in another positive effect: Instead of specializing calculation engineer with special load …”

D. Park, F. Santini, A. Rezayat, T. Tamarozzi, J. Pavel Experimental and numerical investigation of helical gear transmission error under gear misalignments S. 355-366

„… : https://www.plm.automation.siemens.com/global/en/products/simulation-test/motion-simulation.html [6] International Standard ISO 6336/1, Calculation of Load Capacity of Spur and Helical Gears …” „… gears to shafts, a multibody simulation with an advanced gear contact solver has been conducted and …” „… of the static and dynamic system behavior for comparison with simulation results. However, it is a …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVI

„… : modes, noise and modifications application and validation of simulation and experiment …” „… Simulation of the tooth root strength under consideration of material quality, finishing process and size …” „… 161 J.-A. Meis, F. Teklote, M. Borowski, Flender GmbH, Bocholt Flank load carrying capacity of …”

R. Ratnagiri, M. Kato, H. Kuchelka Advances in polyacetal materials for gears S. 1357-1366

„… illustrate how the combination of fundamental understanding and simulation can lead to improved formulations …” „… X-ray scattering while the material is underdoing deformation helps correlate observed load …” „… ]. With continued extension, the load (and stress) required to sustain deformation plateaus as further …”

B. Karpuschewski, T. Lierse, S. Schulze Inline-deep rolling – a new approach to increase tooth root load capacity S. 1787-1798

„… Inline-Deep Rolling A New Approach to Increase Tooth Root Load Capacity Prof. Bernhard …” „… significantly limited by the tooth root load capacity. Many research studies show that the damage of the teeth …” „… of the hardening mechanisms, which usually results in higher load tolerances. By means of a newly …”

X. Du, B. Chen, X. Shan Robust force control of series elastic actuator using disturbance observer S. 1111-1122

„… . The proposed approach can address stability issues and improve force tracking accuracy. Simulation …” „… ball-screw mechanisms have large speed reductions, high efficiency, high tolerance to impact loads and not …” „… by the high-stiffness planar springs, which is placed between the harmonic derive and the load. The …”

J. Cathelin Material data for advanced plastic gear simulation S. 1335-1344

„… Material Data for Advanced Plastic Gear Simulation Julien Cathelin, Application Technology …” „… , simulation software development and increases in computing power have lead to more and more reliable gear …” „… simulations, but often their full capacity cannot be used due to shortages in gear material data. In this …”

D. V. Kalinin, J. Y. Temis Influence of tooth profile modification on planetary gear sets dynamic S. 777-784

„… developed to investigate methods of decreasing dynamic loads and analysis of dynamic stresses of gears in …” „… . The reasons of the high level of dynamic loads were the overestimated parameters of the profile …” „… ], profile modification is considered as a way to reduce dynamic loads by reducing the transmission error …”

H.-W. Raedt, T. Wurm, A. Busse Lightweight forging initiative III: transmission lightweighting potential based on design and material concepts in a split-axle hybrid vehicle and a heavy-duty truck S. 1777-1786

„… lightweighting potential, too. If gearwheels can withstand higher loads on the flank and tooth root, and if …” „… shafts can endure greater torsional and bending loads, then the entire system design can be rendered …” „… Technology (KIT) was commissioned to set up a model of the transmission using a spreadsheet. Data on load …”

A. D. Rauch, C. Wirth An easy-to-use and fast computational model for the prediction of the influence of manufacturing errors on gear transmission error S. 645-656

„… error (TE) in spur gears and helical gears under low load. The TE, i.e., a fluctuation of the …” „… and mesh misalignment under high loading conditions. In low load operating scenarios, however, the …” „… LOA. If the load on the meshing gears is high enough the deformations due to tooth bending, the …”

J. Thomas, C. Gosselin, P. Eng Design and rating by means of loaded TCA of straight bevel differential gears S. 493-504

„… Thomas, ZG Hypoid GmbH, Aschheim; Claude Gosselin, P.Eng., Ph.D., Involute Simulation Softwares Inc …” „… exact simulation of the micro geometry; the method is also applicable to forged bevel gears. Once a …” „… approach for the simulation of parallel, concurring and offset axis gears, i.e. spur, helical, face, bevel …”

D. Mevissen, C. Lopenhaus, T. Bergs Calculation of mixed friction conditions in large-scale rolling-sliding contacts for different surface structures S. 555-568

„… calculation method, the load dependency of the friction coefficient as well as the curvature of the STRIBECK …” „… ]. In this case, the running behavior in terms of load capacity and efficiency of heavily loaded …” „… calculation of the mixed lubrication conditions requires the knowledge of the contact geometry under load and …”

A. Weis, T. Deliktas, M. Liewald, N. Missal Cold forging of gear components by a modified Samanta process S. 1765-1776

„… load was of special interest. 5. Evaluation of simulation results To compare calculated …” „… loads, which requires the use of expensive and high-strength tool steels. High process forces result …” „… . By means of numerical simulations and forging experiments it was successfully demonstrated that the …”

M. Raabe Consideration of elastic deformations of gear bodies using a reduction on a fourier series S. 797-808

„… lead to deformations of the flank line of a gear and have therefore an impact on the load distribution …” „… on the flank. ISO 6336-1 Annex E [1] proposes a calculation of the face load distribution factor …” „… have an impact on the load distribution of the supporting bearings. Gear body deformations could be …”

J. Ahn, C. H. Choi, J. H. Yu, S. C. Kim A study of dynamic behavior of tractor pto driveline to analyze a rattle noise S. 461-470

„… dynamic behavior of the pinion. And 1D simulation was conducted to analyze the hysteresis behavior …” „… according to rotational velocity and torsional stiffness, and the simulation results are compared with …” „… Words : Rattle Noise, PTO driveline, 1D simulation, lab test 1. Introduction Tractors are …”

S. Matkovič, A. Pogačnik, M. Kalin Comparison between VDI 2736 wear calculation and experimentally obtained results S. 1311-1322

„… simulation using LTCA, wear coefficient is estimated and compared to the theoretically obtained values. 1 …” „… also considers nominal torque , number of load cycles , local specific sliding , degree of tooth loss …” „… information on how much volume of material is removed per 1 N of load per 1 m of sliding distance. VDI 2736-2 …”

K. Smrczkova Wear resistant plastics – Bespoke plastic compounds for plastic gears S. 1345-1356

„… partners the load generates surface pressure, which also has an effect on the sliding and friction …” „… conducted under same conditions with equal load and speed (p*v product). The bear and friction properties …” „… best load transfer is achieved. This approach is generally useful for all wear and sliding application …”

J. I. Pedrero, M. Pleguezuelos, M. B. Sanchez Load sharing model for high contact ratio spur gears with long profile modifications S. 985-996

„… Load sharing model for high contact ratio spur gears with long profile modifications Prof …” „… inner point of contact due to the load-induced deflections of previous tooth pairs in contact. This …” „… the driven tooth tip, which induces noise, vibrations and dynamic load. To avoid these undesirable …”

L. Ryali, D. Talbot A gear load distribution model for planetary gear set with a flexible carrier S. 809-822

„… A gear load distribution model for planetary gear set with a flexible carrier Lokaditya Ryali …” „… tangential and radial misalignment of planet gears, which can have significant effects on gear mesh load …” „… distribution and load sharing among planets. A Guyan condensation technique has been employed to capture the …”

B. van Wissen, M. Kanters, F. Mitsuzuka, K. Iwanaga, Ir. A. Hasanovic Predicting wear for high performance plastic gears S. 1323-1334

„… combines results from a tribological setup, a gear tester, and finite element simulations. It is shown …” „… 1323 the material, such as a wear rate. This wear rate is strongly dependent on load (contact pressure …” „… ∗ (4) Where P is the load per unit length and R* and E* are the equivalent radius and modulus of the …”

N. Yildirim, M. Yasar, E. Yildirim, F. Erdogan, B. Karatas Experimental verification of improvements in static and fatigue bending capacity of spur gear tooth via tooth root design optimization S. 959-972

„… load level is repeated with at least 2 specimens. Infinite life tests have not been performed due to …” „… effective technique for optimization process with improved fatigue life under the same tooth load. 1 …” „… : single tooth root strain measurements under static load and fatigue life cycles tests under dynamic …”

D. Marino, H. Binz, M. Bachmann Analytical design method for beveloid gears with a small shaft angle and offset S. 391-402

„… geometrically without consideration of the applied loads. In Schöler [7], a calculation method for dimensioning …” „… gear pair as a function of the desired mounting space and load [7]. The distribution of the helix and …” „… applicability of the developed method VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 2019 397 using unloaded contact simulations …”

X. Yang, N. Yue, Q. Yang, L. Wang, Y. Shao, H. Xiong Dynamic simulation for double input compound power-split mechanism of in-wheel motor driven EVs S. 481-492

„… /s (500 rpm) [16]. The load was set as 250 N·m. Simulation time and step number were 0.7s and 1000 …” „… Dynamic Simulation for Double Input Compound Power-split Mechanism of In-wheel Motor Driven …” „… mechanism, the dynamic simulation of low gear and high gear operation are carried out. The results show …”

F. Concli, C. Gorla Dynamic models for planetary gearboxes SHM S. 471-480

„… accuracy of the results obtained. Yi Guo et al. [3] studied the load sharing in a 750kW wind turbine …” „… first step of the activities has involved the simulation and validation of models with a back-to-back …” „… hard engineering challenge. Simulations were performed both for the healthy systems as well as in …”

K. Takaki, M. Sugimoto Optimization of hypoid gear macro/micro geometries for high efficiency drives, taking into consideration NVH and strength S. 367-378

„… developed by calculating the load distribution, sliding velocity, and coefficient of friction on each …” „… proportions of each type of friction loss measured under no-load and loaded conditions. It is seen that …” „… under load is analysed to predict the load distribution and sliding velocity, and the friction …”

J.-A. Meis, F. Teklote, M. Borowski Simulation of the tooth root strength under consideration of material quality, finishing process and size effects S. 161-172

„… identical Summary and Outlook A simulation-based model to predict the tooth root fatigue endurance was …” „… Simulation of the tooth root strength under consideration of material quality, finishing process …” „… simulation model was developed to simulate the stresses in the tooth root via FEM, and to perform a strength …”

C. Hegger, T. Kruger, J. Maas Two-speed transmission based on energy-efficient MRF-coupling elements and power split mechanism S. 867-876

„… the rotational speed and torque loads on the integrated coupling elements. The simulation of the …” „… . A model-based evaluation shows the speed and torque loads on relevant components in dependency on …” „… achieved and the torque load on the actuators can be reduced. For the engagement of the first speed the …”

Z. H. Wu, Y. Q. Xu, K. A. Liu The Analysis on Grease Lubrication at Two Tapered Bodies Contact Considering Surface Roughness S. 1223-1236

„… , misalignment (tilting and skewing), sliding and loads were included. The results show that both surface …” „… or vibration loads or even thermal loads from inside or outside mechanisms, which will cause shaft …” „… deflection of meshing gear pairs or misalignment of bearing rollers [2,3]. In addition, those loads or …”

S. J. Ma, G. Y. Wu, G. Liu Study on the contact characteristics of threaded surfaces in a planetary roller screw mechanism S. 1155-1164

„… . The advantages of the PRSM are high stiffness, high load capacity, long travel life and compact …” „… heat [8 through 9] and tribological behavior [10 through 11], and load distribution [12 through 13 …” „… load and showed the contact state. Fu et al. [17] proposed a method based on meshing principle to …”

C. Liu, W. Shi, F. Maria Cura, A. Mura Prediction of transmission accuracy lifetime of RV gearbox S. 425-436

„… . [3] studied the effects of varying load and time-varying backlash on the dynamic transmission error …” „… error. Wei et al. [9] studied the influence of speed, fillet radius, curvature radius and normal load …” „… c L (10) where iF is the load, iL is the arm of force, i is the …”

K. Daubach, Manuel Oehler, Bernd Sauer A method to determine local wear of worm gears with highly resolved circumferential backlash curves S. 595-606

„… testing procedure for each worm gear is structured in two sub-procedures. In the load test the worm gear …” „… period. For determining the current wear state after every load test, a procedure for measuring the …” „… measuring procedure of the circumferential backlash. The load on the tested worm gear is applied on the …”

A. Carbonelli Transferring knowledge about gear systems to machines in order to improve diagnosis efficiency S. 1065-1076

„… rise of Machine Learning technology is a new tool to improve efficiency of predictions and simulations …” „… speeds and at two different loads resulting in 560 different runs. In this paper we just use this …” „… repetitions) samples will be shown. The following runs are considered: - Spur and healthy gears at low load …”

A. Miltenović, M. Banić, V. Miltenović Prediction of heat generation of crossed axis gearbox S. 583-594

„… computational techniques and resources, researchers used modelling and simulation of fluid flow in gearbox …” „… generation using transient thermal analysis and FEM. But for this kind of simulation it is necessary to have …” „… it is suitable for high performance gear use like for worm gear. It has great scuffing load capacity …”

K. Stahl Foreword S. 1-2

„… dynamic behavior, on component level, like CFDsimulations of the oil flow and TEHL simulations and even on …” „… smallest scale, atomic simulations in tribology. Therefore, digital twins do not only offer potential in …” „… regarding the efficiency, NVH-behavior, cost and load-carrying capacity of gears are presented. The …”

J. Neufond, E. Rigaud, J. Perret-Liaudet, A. Carbonelli Influence of tooth profile modifications on the dynamic behavior of a planetary gear set – Experimental investigation and numerical validation for different amplitudes of tooth profile modifications S. 765-776

„… : (–) experiment (- -) simulation. (a) standard/counterclockwise; (b) standard/clockwise; (c …” „… of the overall STE ∆: (–●) experiment, (-x) simulation. (a) standard/counterclockwise; (b …” „… , housing mode). First, simulations are compared to experimental results. Then, the different test cases …”

M. Schrank, C. Kiesewetter-Marko, C. Lopenhaus, A. Epple, T. Bergs, C. Brecher Approach for modeling elasticity in the gear honing process S. 1697-1706

„… simulation model has to be build. For an analogy gear honing process an FE simulation is build. With the …” „… build simulation, a characteristic value to describe the elasticity is calculated. By using this …” „… Due to rising requirements regarding load-carrying capacity and noise behavior gears in high …”

M. Ruzek, F. Ville, P. Velex, Y. Marchesse Windage power loss reductions in high-speed gear pairs S. 91-100

„… these load-independent losses become prominent over other sources in mechanical transmissions with …” „… gear. A full 3D simulation involving a carter shape was done by Concli (14). He compared successfully …” „… the single gear simulation with experimental power loss measurements. Recently, the same author …”

M. Zapf, J. Klose, F. Zanger, V. Schulze Analysis of process forces and surface topography when manufacturing case-hardened gears by double flanked hard skiving S. 1647-1658

„… transmission components with high power density. To increase load capacity, gears are case-hardened and then …” „… stability and tool load. The machining result is quantified by gear measurements and flank roughness. 2 …” „… 926 N [12]. The measured process forces are used to evaluate mechanical load on tool and machine. The …”

Z. Zhan, H. Liu, C. Xiang, Q. Yan, H. Li, W. Wei, L. Xu Study of lateral and torsional vibration distribution of two-stage planetary gears based on vibration energy theory S. 1245-1252

„… the output shaft as a load. The dynamic model is shown in Fig. 1 (a). The time-varying meshing …” „… planetary gear, and a torque is applied on the planet carrier of 2nd stage planetary gears as a load. To …” „… connecting shafts is proposed. Numerical simulations are done to expose the relation of lateral vibration and …”

H. Wang, X. Wen, C. Zhou, Z. Liu Wear prediction for double helical gears grinded by forming method S. 315-330

„… helical drives. While double helical gears are usually under a heavy load, and the surface wear is …” „… the finite element simulation. 3. Wear model 3.1. General wear equation The mating surfaces of …” „… . VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 2019 319 3.2. Contact pressure Based on the definition of the load distribution …”

J. Klose, F. Zanger, V. Schulze Gear skiving of external gears with internally geared tools S. 1579-1590

„… . Based on the simulations, experiments with two different internal tool rings with a single straight …” „… load on the individual tooth and an increased tool life of the whole tool. When the maximum center …” „… determined which correlates with cutting forces and thus mechanical load on the tool. At constant cutting …”

M. Solf, C. Lopenhaus, T. Bergs Influence of elastic effects on the grinding force in plunging bevel gear grinding S. 1687-1696

„… near surface zone and the load on the grinding tool. Therefore, the prediction of the grinding force …” „… grinding process is essential for predicting the near surface zone properties and the load on the grinding …” „… . The increase in the contact area under load in plunging bevel gear grinding can lead to an increase …”

B. Guilbert, P. Velex, P. Cutuli Hybrid models for the study of gear body dynamic deflections – Gear body modes S. 823-834

„… influence on mesh dynamic loads. 1. Introduction The vast majority of the gear dynamic models rely on …” „… the zone of positive contact forces. A number of comparisons with benchmark numerical simulations and …” „… an axial mesh force component, which can excite the gear web. From a simulation viewpoint and in …”

A. Spatzig, N. Fujimura, T. Monden, T. Kikuchi, K. Yoshikawa, A. Georgoussis Machining process solutions to support the reduction of distortion in ring gears after heat treatment S. 1635-1646

„… necessary hardness to components which are under high loads during the speed to torque conversion. During …” „… sharpness of the tool is reduced, the cutting resistance and the load on the tool cutting edge is increased …” „… cutting volume can be further distributed and the cutting load per tooth can be reduced. Fig. 1 …”

H. Blettery, D. Talbot, A. Kahraman, H. Xu A methodology for measurement of loaded transmission error of hypoid gear pair with misalignments S. 619-634

„… deformation of the machine elements under load. Finally, Yoon et al. [11] presented the results of a …” „… measurement were presented, and axial deflections of 50 to 150 μm were noted at higher loads in the order of …” „… most loads below 300 Nm compared to the baseline position, while negative G error leads to a lower …”

J. Zhang, J. Wang Dynamic modeling and analysis of a star-wheel reducer S. 741-752

„… data with the theoretical simulation. The present study is expected to provide a fundamental framework …” „… of compact structure, high efficiency and excellent load capacity. In the past decades, abundant …” „… ] investigated the load sharing, the tooth contact and the lubrication performance of planetary drives with small …”

C. Boehme, D. Vill, P. Tenberge Extension of the application limits for crossed helical gearboxes by new geometries for smaller sliding paths or smaller contact pressures S. 1299-1310

„… calculation of the load capacity as well as the efficiency according to VDI 2736. Deviating helix angles for …” „… load-carrying capacity of the gear pair. This also effects the toothing stiffness. Especially its mean value …” „… pair was also documented as shown in Fig. 8. Fig. 6 shows the correlation for the exemplary simulation …”

N. C. Ecke, A. K. Schlarb, J. Holler, Jan Niedermeyer, P. Klein Thermal simulation of anisotropic PEEK-based tribocomposites S. 1411-1420

„… Thermal simulation of anisotropic PEEK-based tribocomposites M.Sc. Nicholas C. Ecke, Prof …” „… , however, their properties are strongly temperature-dependent. Therefore, thermal simulations are required …” „… challenge regarding numerical simulation. Due to the enormous differences in size between the macroscopic …”

K. Holder, C. Salander, S. Rudolph, R. Stetter Automated requirements-driven design synthesis of gearboxes with graph-based design languages using state of the art tools S. 713-726

„… consistency and to generate automatically multi-disciplinary models and simulations thereof. The paper shows …” „… , which perform calculations and simulations, are used during the product development process (PDP) of …” „… the gear systems. For instance, a driving performance simulation for the entire vehicle or the …”

P. Lopez Garcia, S. Crispel, T. Verstraten, E. Saerens, B. Vanderborght, D. Lefeber Wolfrom gearboxes for lightweight, human-centered robotics S. 753-764

„… gearboxes [10 through 12]: • Backlash or no-load play at the gearbox output (blocked gearbox input …” „… . • Load Hysteresis during subsequent loading and unloading of the gearbox, mainly rooted on friction …” „… load inertia reflected to the motor and contribute to avoid control instabilities. • Extended Lifetime …”

J. Fechler, S. Oberle, M. Knopfle, V. Merz Improvement of the noise and vibration behavior of an electromechanical brake booster – An integral approach S. 1431-1442

„… the changes was simulated upfront by finite element simulations. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 20191434 …” „… other system components, e.g. the housing, is measured at different speeds and loads on a special gear …” „… of load and speed. Also the frequency band that has to be improved is given by the use case in the …”

N. Wan, L. Yao Efficiency modelling and analysis for a novel double-arc bevel gear nutation transmission system for pure electric vehicles S. 1253-1258

„… relative slide on tooth surface. Simplified calculation, the load on the tooth surface is loaded on the …” „… , Haung S J, Wei G W, Dai J.S.: Mathematical modeling and simulation of the external and internal double …”

M. Trubswetter, M. Otto, K. Stahl Evaluation of gear flank surface structure produced by skiving S. 1799-1812

„… multiblade skiving tool for machining small cylindrical gears [15]. Antoniadis uses a simulation method for …” „… cutting mechanism, the process simulation and the chip deformation. Guo et al. show that, in the presence …” „… results of an individual error test [28]. In [29] a simulation of the cutting process deviations are …”

J. Han, Y. Zhu, X. Tian, L. Xia A method of tooth longitudinal modification for internal gearing power honing S. 1725-1738

„… of the proposed method is verified by numerical simulation. Keywords: Longitudinal modification …” „… M M (9) 5. Research of numerical simulation A numerical simulation example is used to verify the …” „… used in numerical simulation are shown in Table 1. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 20191732 Table 1: Parameters …”

C. Gosselin, E. Fritz, L. Seiler Design and CnC manufacturing of face milled beveloid gears S. 379-390

„… ., Involute Simulation Softwares Inc., Canada; Eberhard Fritz, Lucas Seiler, Product Development, ESA …” „… the Simulation of Gear Manufacturing and Operation, International Conference on Gears, Technical …” „… Technology, Sept 2005, pp 28-35 [5] C. Brecher, M. Brumm, J.Henser, Calculation of the Tooth Root Load …”

B. Azzam, F. Harzendorf, R. Schelenz, G. Jacobs, W. Holweger White etching crack bearing failure: identification of high risk lubricant compounds using artificial neural networks S. 569-582

„… . Seer- WorksTM generates a so called risk class for each CCI simulation. The simulations and associated …” „… likely due to other factors, e.g. excessive loads, than the lubricant alone. Risk class II indicates …” „… risk class is assigned to each CCI simulation belonging to each lubricant variant, the predominant …”

X. Tian, Y. Wu, J. Han, L. Xia Online estimate and compensation of the gear machining error based on electronic gearbox cross-coupling controller S. 1835-XXVIII

„… manufacturing accuracy, the gearbox wear, the working load and temperature. However, these issues have been …” „… ECCC architecture is proposed. Through the comprehensive theory research, simulation results analysis …”

F. Siglmuller, U. Weinberger, J. Gotz, M. Sedlmair, T. Lohner, K. Stahl Scaling of planetary gear stages according to gear loss similarity S. 115-126

„… applications, which include a big multitude of load conditions. Especially in nautical and aeronautical …” „… , the framework of the test facility for the scaled gear stage as well as the load carrying capacity of …” „… design with regard to power loss and efficiency behavior, gear excitation parameters and load carrying …”

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LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2427 2023

Results in this title

T. Herlitzius, H. Döll, M. Lindner Tyre testing methodology to evaluate contact pressure distribution and simulation of the resulting soil compaction risk S. 247-254

„… Tyre testing methodology to evaluate contact pressure distribution and simulation of the resulting …” „… subjected to representative wheel loads in the test rig and the resulting contact surfaces area and contact …” „… imprinted by the pressure in the contact surface. Two different simulation tools are used to improve …”

A. Lajunen Numerical simulation of alternative powertrains and fuels in agricultural tractors S. 29-38

„… been executed to enable the accurate simulation of external load influences, such as those introduced …” „… distance-dependent load force within the chassis block, affording a heightened level of realism in the simulation …” „… Numerical simulation of alternative powertrains and fuels in agricultural tractors Prof. Antti …”

C. A. Arévalo-Montaña, S. Böttinger Tractive effort prediction based on dynamic soil parameters S. 235-246

„… reacts to loads of agricultural tyres and a soil model must be developed. The purpose of this research is …” „… parameterize a soil model. In this work, measurements of the soil response to normal load were fitted to the …” „… shear rates. 2 Introduction With the aid of simulation, it is possible to predict the behavior of the …”

J. Konrad, C. Varlese, C. Junger, R. Krizan, P. Hofmann Fuel cell electric powertrain for the agricultural tractor – FCTRAC: development, performance, and benchmarking S. 49-56

„… thermal system focuses on the challenging fuel cell heat dissipation due to high thermal loads and low …” „… the doner vehicle with 95 kW constant load at 35 °C ambient temperature without derating. Project …” „… operation conditions. Tractors often operate at very low speeds, high loads, and high ambient temperatures …”

C. Nöß, J. Weller A Fuel Cell Tractor in Operation – Concepts and Field Data S. 39-48

„… agricultural sector of Lower Saxony in terms of mobility is analyzed. The process simulation developed by the …” „… added to the simulation in order to calculate the hydrogen usage for different types of work. Different …” „… example in a load drop scenario. Cabin climatization is enabled by a 6 kW positive temperature coefficient …”

S. Geißler, T. Herlitzius Simulation of filling and venting operations in agricultural cold heat networks by using CFD and the Volume of Fluid method S. 417-424

„… Simulation of filling and venting operations in agricultural cold heat networks by using CFD and …” „… the Volume of Fluid method Determination of velocity limits for overcoming obstacles in simulation …” „… collector pipes. With the simulation of these processes using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) as well as …”

X. Tian, R. P. Jenkins, J. Lengacher, A. Vacca, S. Fiorati, F. Pintore, D. Cristofori An Analysis of Mixed Hydraulic and Electric Configurations for the Actuation of Tractor Auxiliary and Implement Functions to Reduce Power Consumption S. 1-14

„… assessment of improvement potential. A simulation model has been developed for the selected configurations …” „… hydraulic architecture in the tractor is the load sensing system, which is considered to be the best …” „… requirements of linear actuators used to raise and lower loads by hydraulically recovering lowering loads in …”

K. Kivekäs, A. Lajunen R. Stirnimann#S. Gfeller High-fidelity simulation modelling of agricultural mobile robots S. 255-262

„… High-fidelity simulation modelling of agricultural mobile robots Dr.-Ing. Klaus Kivekäs …” „… simulation engine Project Chrono. The three-dimensional multibody model operates on a deformable terrain …” „… developing VDI-Berichte Nr. 2427, 2023 255comprehensive accurate simulation models specifically tailored to …”

D. Jung, M. Rittershofer Side Slope Compensation Conveyor for Combine Harvesters S. 125-130

„… ) was used to optimize the design structurally. Applying Multibody Dynamics simulated loads, the …” „… confirm the improved cleaning shoe distribution seen virtually with DEM simulation. Fig. 3: Power …” „… requirements resulting in loss of theoretical sieve surface. The more even cleaning shoe load creates a …”

F. Gerdes, L. Frerichs, A. Eitzlmayr, E. Karer, A. Feyrer, M. Hofer, D. Weberndorfer A comparison between conventional calibration experiments and the Excavator Test for DEM soil calibration S. 79-86

„… Landtechnik GmbH, Grieskirchen, Austria Abstract The discrete element method (DEM) is a suitable simulation …” „… method for the investigation and the development of soil tillage tools. The basis of valid simulation …” „… results is the performance of calibration tests to transfer real soil properties into the simulation …”

F. M. Appich, P. M. Roth, S. Böttinger, A. Bürger, A. Diekamp Frictional characteristics of wheat straw under varying contact pressure S. 161-168

„… Abstract In agricultural process engineering and the development of agricultural machinery, simulation …” „… development phase. Advanced simulation techniques now make it possible to model material flows and machine …” „… interactions with organic material. The successful application of simulation methods requires parameterizing …”

B. Kazenwadel, S. Becker, L. Michiels, M. Geimer Data-driven algorithms for predicting energy-efficient operating points in agricultural soil tillage S. 519-528

„… during the training process. An alternative is training in accurate simulation models, which require …” „… wheel loads into account. Therefore, the lifting forces of the rear links of the tractor must be …”

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LAND.TECHNIK 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2395 2022

Results in this title

J. Guo, L. Frerichs, F. Shen, S. Munstermann Analysis of abrasive wear of tillage tools on both macro- and microscopic level S. 309-316

„… simulation and load measurements. Mean draught and vertical force are considered by the validation, since …” „… , the load/wear distribution is considered. To limit the simulation time and computing capacity, larger …” „… conditions are determined according to load profiles and abrasion loss on the tillage tool in real …”

K. Palm, J. Guo, L. Frerichs, A. Eitzlmayr, F. Maier, P. Seil Calibration of soil models within the Discrete Element Method (DEM) S. 45-54

„… easier to set up the appropriate simulations for the subsequent parameter calibration. Tool Load cell …” „… , Linz, Austria Abstract For the development and optimisation of soil tillage tools, simulations with …” „… regarding their geometry and material offers potential to reduce wear and costs. Simulation is a proven …”

F. Pult, A. Stein, M. Geimer Challenges in the Use of Alternative Fuels: Solutions to handle Boil-Off Gas in Agricultural Machines S. 431-440

„… during dormant periods. Using a simulation model, the components of the most suitable concept for a …” „… machines face special challenges since a high energetic autonomy [1] and minimal axle loads are required …” „… engine of the vehicle can be used or an additional engine optimized for the smaller loads. The generated …”

A. Paturle, F. Pinet, A. Duparque, D. Martin, V. Tomis, O. Scheurer, C. Ugarte, M. Lefebvre A tyre integrated sensor to monitor real time soil physical properties S. 327-334

„… of the tyre decreases progressively while it is flattening under the applied vehicle load. Inversely …” „… tyre, whatever its pressure, the load, the forward speed and the slip. The purpose of this study is to …” „… curvature for each tyre rotation (Fig.4). Tyre pressure and load were adjusted to reproduce VDI-Berichte Nr …”

F. Wohlfahrt, T. Gores, S. Terorde, L. Frerichs Applicability Evaluations of Methane based Powertrain and Energy Storage Systems on High Performance Harvesting Machine Applications S. 423-430

„… a diesel-like autonomy. Analysing the resulting additional axle-loads, the antagonism between …” „… integrability and economic efforts again comes into play. As expected the added axle-loads are due to the …” „… beneficial regarding rear-axle-load as a sufficient amount of energy can be installed with a higher …”

A. Opgenoorth, K. Schmitz Development of hydraulic drive systems in the context of electrified work machines S. 133-146

„… are already available for the consumer market, such as telescopic handlers, smaller wheel loaders and …” „… dynamic load changes. Another challenge is created by the lower energy efficiency. The hydrogen must be …” „… hydraulic systems are prominent in mobile machinery. Open-Center (OC) and Load-Sensing (LS) systems are a …”

C. Schoerghuber, M. Ortner, M. Resel, R. Schantl, S. Puster Analysis of the tractor behavior on a powertrain test bed for tractor-specific maneuvers S. 521-528

„… and loads on the powertrain. The basis for all calibration tasks on a PTTB is to ensure good …” „… the tractor hydraulics is connected to a hydraulic load unit. A vehicle model is used to calculate …” „… realistic wheel torques and speeds based on the defined tractor maneuver. Therefore, the simulation tool …”

D. Neitemeier, S. Spiekermann, D. Irmer, J. Baumgarten, A. Wilken Automatic adjustment of auger headers with variable table length to improve a continuous crop flow and reduce pickup grain losses of a combine harvester S. 235-242

„… harvester leads to constant loads on the threshing and separation components. The result is an overall …” „… cutting table and reel position on the crop flow and losses. With detailed environment simulations in a …”

S. Lorenz Machine operation task analysis – A deeper look into the shift of task profiles within operating agricultural cyber-physical production systems S. 473-484

„… , cloud-based routing software, process simulation and AI-based adaptive control algorithms (Liakos et al …” „… traction load. Sees that traction load is very high, and the machine continuously reaching traction limit …” „… implement will decrease traction load and eventually help to increase machine forward speed. A8 Operator …”

S. Becker, B. Kazenwadel, M. Geimer Automation and Optimization of Working Speed and Depth in Agricultural Soil Tillage with a Model Predictive Control based on Machine Learning S. 55-64

„… working speeds and therefore similar motor loads. After reaching the top position of the field, the …” „… Regazzi, N.: Triebkraft/Schlupf-Verhalten von Ackerschlepperreifen – praxisnahe Messung und Simulation …”

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Fahrzeugsicherheit 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2387 2022

Results in this title

A. Eggers, M. Schießler, J. Ott, C. Mayer, S. Peldschus Validation Procedure for a Vehicle Environment Simulation Model to be used for HBM-based Virtual Testing S. 355-368

„… simulation should be in the first place the loads (e.g. belt loads) acting between these components and the …” „… load cases should be carried out by the OEM with the simulation model. The detailed simulation results …” „… the simulation of the validation load cases, an upper and a lower setting of relevant vehicle …”

R. Hoffmann VTEHIL – A novel Technology for assessing the Safety Performance of full Vehicles in ADAS and ADS Scenarios S. 145-156

„… other load simulations. It can simulate the load for front-wheel, rear-wheel and four-wheel drive …” „… steering load simulation function; the whole vehicle road test does not require the removal of the tires of …” „… the steering of the front wheels with an independent load simulation function. It can realize the …”

G. Prokop, T. Tüschen, N. Eisenköck, J. Bönninger Highly immersive driving simulator for scenario based testing of automated driving functions S. 327-340

„… sze-narienbasiert erfolgen. Die simulations- und testbasierten Methoden erfordern neuartige Werk-zeuge, insbesondere …” „… (SAE level 2 to level 4) has to be done scenario-based in the future. Simulation and test-based methods …” „… ]. Since the vehicle motion simulation by using only a hexapod does not comply with the recent requirements …”

S. Schilling, A. Soni, H. Hinrichs, C. Verheyen, A. Lucht, B. Eickhof, Ekant Mishra Evaluation of motorized seatbelts in the Euro NCAP AEB-CCFtap scenario: Application of a feedback control loop model in Simulink coupled to a finite element model in LS-Dyna S. 295-312

„… Modellierungsansätze in der Simula-tion nicht optimiert. Außerdem wurden Fahrzeugnetzdaten (z. B. Bedingungen vor dem …” „… Un-fall, verfügbare elektrische Leistung, Spannung und Strom) bei der Simulation dieser Syste-me kaum …” „… simulation due to simplistic modelling approaches. Moreover, vehicle network data (e.g. Pre-crash conditions …”

J. Dobberstein, C. Mayer, C. Kleinbach Results of the EU project OSCCAR from Mercedes Benz perspective S. 127-132

„… at developing a novel simulation-based approach to safeguard occupants in traffic accidents [1]. The …” „… 1.,1 that were provided as generic crash pulses based on structure FE simulation with various vehicle …” „… protection principles [4]. After defining this set of crash configurations, a novel traffic simulation …”

D. Tran, G. Müller, S. Müller A study on occupant kinematics with a highly relined seatback position in a frontal crash S. 69-88

„… initial position on the occupant injury. The simulations were performed as following details: ‐ The MADYMO …” „… . Muscle forces were calculated at every step of the simulation. The displacement, rotation angle of the …” „… data. The seatbelt model was validated to ensure the simulation model correctly as describing the …”

J. Hay, L. Schories, E. Bayerschen, P. Wimmer, O. Zehbe, S. Kirschbichler, J. Fehr Ersatzmodellbasierte Effektivitätsbewertung integraler Sicherheitssysteme S. 283-294

„… Simulation von realistischen Fahr- und Kollisionsszenarien. Da herkömmliche Simulationsmethoden wie die …” „… Simulationsmodelle der Szenarien, Fahrzeugcrash und Insassen Pre- und In-Crash Simulation miteinander verbunden und …” „… Simulationsmodell weitergeben und somit eine durchgän-gige automatisierte Simulation realistischer Fahrszenarien …”

A. Srivats, A. Sporbert, M. Unger Submariningverhalten unterschiedlicher FE-Menschmodelle in Sitzpositionen für automatisiertes Fahren S. 237-254

„… loads on the lumbar spine of the THUMS v6 is presented comparatively. The effects of the modified pelvis …” „… dargestellt. Die aufgeführten Simulationen werden mit einem THUMS v4.02, v5.0 und v6.1 mit dem Solver LS-Dyna …” „… . THOR, 6. Internationales Symposium “Human Modeling and Simulation in Automotive Engineering …”

B. Grotz, P. Straßburger, S. Heiß, L. Amann, M. Wahl Predictive Safety: Activation of a Pre-Crash System with Fallback Option S. 369-382

„… underride scenarios for frontal load cases. For side crashes, the introduction of pre-crash technologies …” „… technologies and pro-cedures mainly centered around load cases and misuse events, the situation for a …” „… systems. Acknowledgements The authors want to thank the ZF development and simulation team (in …”

D. Heyner, G. Piazza, E. Beeh, G. Seidel, C. Rieger, T. Große, D. Kohl, F. Fischer Crashtest einer Fahrzeugtür mit holzbasiertem funktionsintegriertem Türaufprallträger unter realitätsnahen Randbedingungen S. 19-34

„… simulation of the complete vehicle to the impact test setup of the door. There-fore, precise predictions of …” „… Materialeigenschaften von den Um-gebungsbedingungen sowie die zum Teil noch fehlenden Erfahrungen in der Simulation. Als …” „… Fahrzeugstrukturen zu bewerten. Hierfür müssen geeignete Werkstoff-, Fertigungs-, Simu-lations- und Prüfkonzepte …”

L. Diwischek Warnstrategien für automatisiertes Fahren aus einer nutzerzentrierten Perspektive S. 395-406

„… simulation“, in Proceedings of the Driving Simulator Conference, Iowa City, 2005, S. 232–331. [20] S. G. Hart …” „… und L. E. Staveland, „Development of NASA-TLX (Task Load Index): Re-sults of empirical and theoretical …” „… möglichst auszu-schließen. Der Fahrsimulator nutzt die SILAB-Software [19] als Simulationssoftware mit einem …”

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AgEng LAND.TECHNIK 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2406 2022

Results in this title

L. Poppa, L. Frerichs, J. Liu, M. Böl Experimental method to analyse the blackspot bruises of potato tuber flesh due to mechanical deformation S. 429-438

„… methods using field tests or process simulations lack sensitivity to a variety causes. Discrete element …” „… method (DEM) for process simulation needs a damage model able to predict local damage due to impacts of …” „… compressed by 20, 40, and 50 % of their initial height. Load rates ranged from 0.1, 1.0, 10, 100, 1000 and …”

B. Lee, I.-H. Seo Analysis of mixing efficiency by structural factors of livestocks manure compositing machine using DEM S. 463-468

„… mixing efficiency and load according to structural factors using the developed and verified simulation …” „… monitoring. So, we conducted a study using discrete element method simulation. This study analyzes the mixing …” „… impact load at blades. We determined the sutable rotational speed for the composting machine by …”

D. Tyris, P. Panagakis, D. Manolakos, A. Gkountas, P. Bakalis A dynamic heat pump model for precise environment control of a broiler house in Northern Greece S. 485-492

„… thermal loads during winter and summer periods. Results & Discussion The simulation results regarding the …” „… Greece. The estimation of thermal loads took into consideration the geographical location of the facility …” „… operating time of each heat pump. The study showed that the energy necessary to cover total loads during …”

N. Katsoulas, C. Baxevanou, D. Feidaros Optimal design of a hybrid power generation system for greenhouses S. 53-60

„… load type A, b) heat pump for heating and cooling, referred as load type B. Also, the energy …” „… electrical power for the load type A is 3865 W, for the load type B 14695 W and for the hybrid system lodge …” „… 1278 W. The daily energy consumption for the 15th day of 4 months is given in Fig. 1 a and b for load …”

W. Faes, S. Lecompte, J. Maselyne Cost-effective implementation of renewable energy sources in livestock barns S. 245-252

„… feasible, farmers are willing to invest in renewable systems. The main problem is however that the loads …” „… for a livestock barn. In this paper, a numerical simulation model is therefore described which allows …” „… excess heat is discarded. When solar and wind energy are not sufficient to cover the loads, the energy …”

M. Agrusti, M. Ceccarelli, M. Bovo, S. Benni, A. Barbaresi, E. Santolini, D. Torreggiani, P. Tassinari Assessment of milk yield loss induced by heat stress in dairy cows – Researching the sustainability and the animal welfare S. 75-84

„… activity to heat load was recently studied [9]. Heat load was found to be more sensitive in advanced …” „… than primiparous cows. Individual cow-related characteristics and heat load amount were found to be …” „… ventilation of a pig barn using CFD simulations,” Comput. Electron. Agric., vol. 193, p. 106652, 2022, doi …”

A. Gkountas, P. Bakalis, D. Tyris, D. Manolakos Thermodynamic modelling of a Biomass Organic Rankine Cycle for sustainable heat and power cogeneration in greenhouses S. 47-52

„… , covering the energy needs of a small greenhouse. Firstly, a simulation model of the greenhouse is developed …” „… thermal load up to 400 kWth and heating it up to 130 °C. As the glycol flows to the hot side of the ORC …” „… provided by the biomass boiler. Fig. 1: Schematic layout of the micro-CHP (left). Considered heat loads …”

N. Katsoulas, M. Aslanidou, A. Elvanidi, A. Mourantian, E. Levizo, V. Vassiliadis, E. Mente Simulation of Ca2+ and K+ concentrations in the nutrient solution of an aquaponic system S. 469-476

„… Simulation of Ca2+ and K+ concentrations in the nutrient solution of an aquaponic system Nikolaos …” „… macronutrients into a pilot-scale aquaponic system was studied. For this purpose, a simulation model was …” „… simulation model, measurements were performed in the pilot aquaponic system of the University of Thessaly in …”

O. Lagnelöv, G. Larsson, A. Larsolle, P.-A. Hansson Electric tractors – Sustainable and Profitable? Economic and environmental impact of autonomy and electric drivelines in agriculture S. 189-196

„… , including in agriculture. Simulation was used to assess the effect of switching conventional diesel tractors …” „… have been made on the economic impact of on-farm compact loaders [7], hybrid tractors [8, 9] and …” „… in pilot studies, and as such there is a need for VDI-Berichte Nr. 2406, 2022 189simulation to …”

B. Pölling, J. Steiner, C.-P. Stickel Development of a new structural undercarriage for combine harvesters S. 31-40

„… simulation after a test bench failure. At the end, the benefits of linking a well thought-out design with the …” „… through several reinforcement elements in order to transfer the high loads at this point (Fig. 3, second …”

L. Wannasek, D. May, D. Tyris, T. Amon Design of an on-farm biomethane upgrading plant with hybrid compression and filling station S. 259-266

„… of the operation (load response and emissions), primarily for internal applications, and the …” „… specially designed in the low-pressure range at 7-8 bar through simulation to create better integration into …”

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Gleit- und Wälzlagerungen 2017

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2308 2017

Results in this title

D. Vaes, P. Tesini, K. Stadler Evaluation of roller slip losses in wind turbine gearbox high speed shaft bearings S. 283-298

„… seen to be acceptable and will considerably reduce simulation times. The axial load and the rotational …” „… evaluated for all arrangements in this section. In the simulations no external load is applied, therefore …” „… or no load. It is therefore critical to include the influence of the oil flow in the simulation …”

P. Sauvage, G. Jacobs, B. Lüneburg Calculation model for evaluation of slippage in large diameter bearings – A combined analytical-numerical evaluation of the post-hardening risk due to slippage in large diameter bearing S. 219-230

„… bearings of direct drive turbine shows that specific mechanical loads and working conditions can perturb …” „… supports the weight of the hub and the blades as well as wind loads acting on the blades. These loads …” „… ]. Despite the bearing preload, the repartition of the outer ring loads on the rollers resulting from this …”

F. König, G. Jacobs, G. Burghardt Einlaufverhalten von Gleitlagern im Start-Stopp-Betrieb S. 53-62

„… representative load cases during gearbox test runs, the bearing behaviour was parameterized by measuring oil …” „… materials have a higher load caring capacity and are thereby resulting in a more compact bearing. Table …” „… : 0,5 - 1 Specific loads: 8 – 15 MPa Lubricant film thickness: 5 – 6µm Material: white metal on steel …”

X. Ai, J. Rhodes, T. Klaehn, E.-D. Oprescu Virtual Bearing Life Test S. 97-102

„… calibration. This paper outlines the model simulation and related development in terms of the basic model …” „… with finite element (FE) modeling of the test rig where load acting on each bearing is obtained (step …” „… a). The bearing loads include both radial and axial direction depending on the settings of test …”

T. Kiekbusch, B. Magyar, B. Sauer Multi-Ebenen-Simulation zur Berechnung der lokalen Lebensdauer in hochbelasteten Wälzkontakten S. 103-112

„… Multi-Ebenen-Simulation zur Berechnung der lokalen Lebensdauer in hochbelasteten Wälzkontakten …” „… im Material auf Basis der TEHD-Simulation mit elastisch-plastischen Materialgesetzen und den realen …” „… ] with regard to material fatigue. Among other things different loads, lubrication conditions or …”

B. Vierneusel Schnelles Berechnungsverfahren zur Vermeidung oberflächeninduzierter Schäden in Wälzlagern S. 19-30

„… has been implemented to the quasi-static in-house simulation software BEARINX to facilitate the …” „… : Forschungsvereinigung Antriebstechnik e. V. FVA, 2013. [4] ISO/TR 15144-1: Calculation of micropitting load capacity of …”

J. Loos, W. Kruhöffer, D. Merk, J. Kerstiens, M. Smolenski Berechnungsansätze für die WEC-Neigung unter reibenergetischer Wälzbeanspruchung S. 231-244

„… des Kontaktes eine Rolle spielt. Gemäß den in [Fra17] durchgeführten Simulationen hängt die …” „… – Dynamic load ratings and rating life [Kaw07] Kawamura, T. Mikami, H. Development of NA103A Long-Life …” „… . Unter der Simulationsannahme, dass an den nicht überrollten freien Oberflächen der Wasserstoff sofort …”

M. Berger Hydrodynamische 3D-Gleitlager – Auslegung, Eigenschaften und Anwendungsgebiete S. 151-160

„… plain-bearings are capable of handling loads in three directions. The possibility to achieve a unique …” „… Versuchen auch Simulationsrechnungen an. 5.1. Rechnerische Beschreibung der Lagereigenschaften Die Basis …”

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DRITEV – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2021

VDI-Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2381 2021

Results in this title

S. Dussinger, T. Wiedemann, B. Harter, B. Wiedenmann Simulation of induced axial forces on planet gear bearings at example of ZF’s 8-speed automatic transmission S. 469-486

„… load is not applied fully from the beginning of the simulation since the exact state of motion and …” „… Simulation of induced axial forces on planet gear bearings at example of ZF’s 8-speed automatic …” „… Reibungsverlusten führen. Die Untersuchung wird mit Hilfe von Finite-Elemente-Simulationen durchgeführt. Dabei …”

P. Barve Gear Design Challenges of 2-speed-AMT High Torque E-Drives S. 499-516

„… created from measured road load data and drive cycle simulation. The duty cycle is used to calculate the …” „… . 3: 2-Speed AMT gearbox Layout Fig. 4: Design Process A multi-load case duty cycle is …” „… The robustness of the designed microgeometry is evaluated using Montecarlo Simulation …”

B. Krüger, G. Filomeno, D. Dennin, P. Tenberge Holistic Design of All-Wheel Drive Electric Powertrains Using a Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm S. 377-394

„… the acceleration time from 0-100 km/h is calculated within a simulation environment. The electrical …” „… consumption is calculated using a quasi-static backwards simulation in combination with an operation strategy …” „… longitudinal dynamic simulation. To unveil the reproducibility of these performance values, the acceleration …”

F. Bayer, J. Tochtermann Development of a Heavy-Duty E-Axle S. 621-636

„… find feasible solutions. As such, the bearing loads were separated and distributed to different …” „… bearings. Fig. 9 shows the chosen bearing arrangement. The radial loads are supported by cylinder roller …” „… bearings. They provide a high capacity for radial loads combined with high speed limits. The axial loads …”

D. Lechleitner, M. Hofstetter, M. Hirz, C. Gsenger, K. Huber Parking Lock Integration for Electric Axle Drives by Multi-Objective Design Optimization S. 303-318

„… velocities and while driving downhill, VDI-Berichte Nr. 2381, 2021 303 leading to high loads on the e-drive …” „… components. These loads depend on the mounting position of the parking lock and have to be considered in the …” „… load cases occur inside the drivetrain induced by an engagement of the parking lock at small vehicle …”

C. Schmidt, H. Dhejne, J. Karlsson High Efficient 2 speed e-Axle – Highly efficient and shiftable under load S. 145-158

„… High Efficient 2 speed e-Axle Highly efficient and shiftable under load Christian Schmidt …” „… high efficiency and performance repeatability. New simulation methods are required to obtain an …” „… actuation system based on a drum shift to ensure shift under load and easy controllability - Mechanical …”

M. Häßler, O. Werner The Pendulum Rocker Damper – Providing flexible damper characteristics for hybrid powertrains S. 329-346

„… developed simulation technology for designing increasingly sophisticated solutions for VDI-Berichte Nr …” „… distance from the axis of rotation. Structurally separating idle and full load damper and settings with …” „… torsion dampers. 1. Torsional vibration challenges within hybrid powertrains Simulation technology …”

K. Hirano E-Axle with multi driving modes for BEV & Mild HEV P4 – The 3 in 1 e-Axle for EV requiring a wide range of driving force S. 229-240

„… mountability. This paper describes the results of the simulation and actual vehicle experiments for the …” „… to cargo and vehicle load changes, and provide as much cargo and passenger compartment space as …” „… accordance with the vehicle driving load state and the driving scene. With a typical single motor eAxle …”

A. Fröhlcke, M. Felbermaier, A. Britten, P. Fietkau Finite element approach for analyzing noise and vibration in electric drives S. 47-60

„… . Abstract This paper uses the example of the characteristic humming noise to present a new simulation …” „… for the acoustic evaluation of gears. The simulation method uses a quasi-static FE model, which …” „… analysis. Using a contemporary standard electric drive, this paper presents the results of the simulation …”

C. Schörghuber, M. Ortner, J. Pell, S. Pretsch Holistic system design and operation of a fuel cell truck based on an innovative energy management S. 685-700

„… . In this paper a model-based approach is described where overall vehicle simulations are used to …” „… simulations on a defined driving cycle. To achieve the optimum solution, all influencing factors such as …” „… operation with high temperatures, high dynamic load changes, low power operation (idle mode) and during …”

F. Langhammer, A. Kappes, A. Viehmann, S. Rinderknecht Novel “Two-Drive-Transmission for Long-Range” Powertrain: Ecology and Efficiency meet Driving Comfort S. 207-228

„… the electric powertrain. The parameters used for the longitudinal driving simulation and the four …” „… relatively highest efficiency is called “sweet spot”. Table 2: Simulation parameters of the example …” „… (qualitatively indicated in Fig. 14). Fig. 12 shows the load requirements of the WLTC for the given vehicle …”

Z. Caba, M. Zafer, C. Harman, G. Hellenbroich, Ö. Eyigöz Multi-speed e-axle for electrified heavy commercial vehicles S. 609-620

„… challenging package envelope, and based on detailed energy consumption simulations. The final design includes …” „… application. Concept selection based on energy consumption simulation More than 20 different gearset layouts …” „… . Load distribution between electric motors was considered during the optimization, including fully …”

T. Hillesheim Energy-efficient Hydraulic Control for the Multi-speed Transmission of an Electric Vehicle S. 319-328

„… low-load range and an overall shorter range for a certain battery size. The automotive industry is …” „… design as a three-speed transmission could make sense. A fuel consumption simulation in WLTP also shows …” „… at medium and high loads. Shifting the corner point towards higher speeds and lower wheel torques …”

S. Hönicke, K.-F. Wittwer, J. Liebold High-voltage composite test bench for component testing of battery-electric vehicles S. 395-398

„… im Hochspannungsnetz vorhandenen Komponenten durch Simulationen ersetzt. Alle Komponenten werden bei …” „… simulations. All components are individually air-conditioned if required. By means of a self-developed …” „… network instead of a dummy load. No test vehicles are used for initial investigations regarding …”

R. Resch, C. Danzer, A. Poppitz, T. Pirkl Alternative drivetrains for sustainable commercial vehicles S. 669-684

„… volumes, thus enabling lower prices for these components. Depending on the vehicles load profile the EDU …” „… dimensioning for hardware and software. Based on that vehicle, cost and lifecycle simulations lead to a …” „… simulation results in [1] for 2030). VDI-Berichte Nr. 2381, 2021 673 Fig. 6: Packaging challenges for …”

G. Gao, D. Schöneberger, S. Rinderknecht Development of an innovative and modular test bench to analyse gear shifts in electrified powertrains S. 415-436

„… (Hardware-in-the Loop) Simulationen durchzuführen. Im Anschluss wird die Anwendung des Prüfstands zum Testen des …” „… bench can be used for a rest bus simulation to carry out hardware in-the-loop simulations …” „… differential speed Disengagement with load Precise angle synchronization HiL with other control units …”

F. Müller-Deile Advanced design of electric machines for trailers with electric axles S. 653-668

„… torques of the ICE. To optimize the fuel savings traction support during partial load of the ICE should …” „… . An induction machine (IM) has relatively low no load losses and a high efficiency at high speed but …” „… high no load losses but also a high efficiency at high torques. The Fig. 16 below shows the area …”

A. Ramsauer, A. Pujari Frontloading for (Hybrid-) Transmission Integration at BMW S. 101-116

„… of the simulation models gets continuously improved in the virtualization program at BMW Group …” „… and vehicle simulations. In addition to the direct comparison of the measurements, the small …” „… after a load addition. There are quantitative targets for such maneuvers at the BMW Group. Comfort …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVI

„… components for hybrids and e-drives Simulation and AI-supported design in development Plenary speeches …” „… � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � �35 M. Dilzer, BorgWarner Drivetrain Engineering GmbH, Ketsch f Simulation Finite element approach …” „… . Fröhlcke, M. Felbermaier, A. Britten, P. Fietkau, Dr. Ing. h.c. F. Porsche AG, Weissach Thermal Simulation …”

R. R. Kasibhatla, P. Neidhardt, K. Caliskan Thermal Simulation according to Maturity Level in E-Drive Development S. 61-76

„… itself is dependent on the load and temperature. Fig. 10: Co-Simulation Process for thermal …” „… unterschiedliche Simulationsverfahren. Ein systematischer reifegradbezogener Ansatz für die thermische Simulation …” „… Thermal Simulation according to Maturity Level in E-Drive Development Dr. R. Rohith …”

A. Albers, M. Behrendt, J. Köber, T. Breitinger Development of a method for the automated validation of the shift quality of modern dual clutch transmissions on full-vehicle test benches S. 399-414

„… of research, which in turn cover all driving modes (normal, sport, race), loads and operating states …” „… of the shift quality, as it ensures that the load change has no unwanted influence on the evaluation …” „… algorithm-based. Each maneuver is assigned a unique number (socalled load step ID). This enables a subsequent …”

J. De Landtsheere TREMEC HYbrid DRive Axle – HYDRA – Hybridization enables RWD dynamics in a FWD car S. 125-144

„… torque vectoring AWD system, for which simulations show that performance and fun-to-drive are stepped up …” „… , resulting in superior acceleration. In dynamic cornering conditions, the reduced torque load on the front …” „… gear selection, and reduced load profile of the ICE transmission. Based on the above, TREMEC has …”

M. Dilzer BorgWarner P2 Modules – from HV to 48V S. 35-46

„… given as shown. The information is based on qualified simulation toolchains. The Stator outer …” „… specific load collectives and corresponding low levels of dissipated energy it is possible the reduce …” „… ., Semenov, D., Wenzel, W.: Comparing 48 V Mild Hybrid Concepts using a Hybrid Simulation Toolkit; Stuttgart …”

X. Zhang, F. Küçükay Driveability optimization of electrified powertrains utilizing machine learning based control and the interaction with ADAS/AD systems S. 361-376

„… EM-Modells und eines EM FOC (Field Oriented Control)-Steuermodells wird entwickelt, um Simulationen der …” „… driveability simulations. Based on the simulation model, a machine learning based active damping control is …” „… , strange is that the DHT has particularly large backlash during load changes and jerk after reaching the …”

T. Kaufhold, F. Schneider, O. Groneberg, A. Moser Modular Starting and Damping System integrated in 48V Hybrid Architectures – Efficient Starting System for Hybrid Vehicle Architectures S. 347-360

„… architecture, which is limited in electric power and battery capacity. For this purpose, a simulation-based …” „… addition, the simulation-based PES design process is described, dependent on important design criteria …” „… the multi body simulations. Of course, the output of the calculation toolbox like roller and general …”

G. Herbillon Performances Validation of an electrically-commanded dog clutch system for multi-speed and disconnectable eDrives S. 255-274

„… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2381, 2021 263 5. SIMULATION & TEST PLAN The purposes of this plan were: - to tackle any …” „… discrepancy between SIMULATION & MEASUREMENTS - to verify the reproducibility of the measurements - to check …” „… from 6000 [1/min] (1st gear) to 2500 [1/min] (2nd gear) along vehicle road load, - Shifting from 4000 …”

H. Wittig, J. Engasser, A. Glavinic AEROFLEX – Distributed Hybrid Drivetrain for Long Haul Freight Vehicles S. 593-608

„… assessment in the form of simulation results and measurement results of a sophisticated vehicle test …” „… project and the test load was fixed at 30.297 kg. Due to delays in the development and construction of …” „… vehicle configuration, while the improvement is partly influenced by the higher load capacity. Table …”

P. Geskes, J. Treier, M. Moser MAHLE 48V Battery for Truck applications S. 581-592

„… system or can be fed back to the powertrain under high loads. Braking energy can be stored temporarily …” „… (C-rate > 20) without over-dimensioning. System simulations have shown that the combination of a 40kW …”

E. Schneider, C. Danzer, E. Schreiterer Modular and highly functional Hybrid Platform for subcompact cars up to full-size SUV S. 191-206

„… is mainly used for urban driving, and a full-size SUV, which needs to provide a high load and towing …” „… simulation of the shift process. Based on the results of this simulation, the main parameters such as shift …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023815

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SIMVEC – Simulation und Erprobung in der Fahrzeugentwicklung

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2333 2018

Results in this title

D. Scheffold, N. Himmelsbach, P. Sabyasachi, G. Müller Efficient dynamic simulation of jointed structures with local contact nonlinearities using model order reduction S. 59-74

„… ), e), f): Results for load case 2 The speed-up related to the simulation with the FOM is outlined …” „… Efficient dynamic simulation of jointed structures with local contact nonlinearities using model …” „… method for the dynamic finite element (FE) simulation of large jointed structures with local contact …”

T. Scholz, M. Hellwig, F. Pautzke Algorithm for Parameter Identification of Lithium-Ion Batteries S. 389-398

„… simulieren zu können. Abstract Simulation models are used as a virtual representation of technical …” „… behavior within dynamic load profiles. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2333, 2018 389 1. Introduction Li-Ion batteries …” „… like temperature, state of charge (SOC), electrical load and aging effects in terms of calendarial and …”

F. Schneider, J. Linn, K. Dreßler, F. Bilger Digitale Absicherung und simulationsbasierte Lastdatenanalyse dynamisch beanspruchter Hochvoltleitungen S. 427-434

„… Hochvoltleitungen Digital mock-up and simulation-based load data analysis of high voltage cables with dynamic …” „… Simulationsstudie zu dynamisch beanspruchten Hochvoltleitungen durchgeführt. Neben den Simulationen standen eine …” „… ; Dipl.-Phys. F. Bilger, BMW Group, München Kurzfassung Physikalisch korrekte Simulationen von …”

D. Frerichs, M. Borsdorf Quality for Vehicle System Simulation S. 835-846

„… Quality for Vehicle System Simulation Qualität in der Fahrzeug Systemsimulation M. Sc. Dirk …” „… demonstriert wird. Abstract System simulation is becoming a key enabler to support the vehicle …” „… development with virtual instead of physical prototypes. For this the system simulation models must fulfil a …”

A. Karev, L. Harzheim, R. Immel, M. Erzgräber Vergleich verschiedener Formulierungen fur eine „Free Sizing“-Optimierung einer Fronthaube mit der ESL (Equivalent Static Load) Methode . S. 99-128

„… der ESL (Equivalent Static Load) Methode Comparison of Different Formulations of a Free Sizing …” „… Optimization of a Front Hood Using the ESL (Equivalent Static Load) method A. Karev, TU Darmstadt; Prof …” „… with respect to stiffness, fatigue and pedestrian protection. The issue is that the pedestrian load …”

I. Vogeler, R. Untermaierhofer, R. Petz, T. Schütz Different methods for road load determination in comparison – Wind tunnel, Wind tunnel method according to WLTP and Coastdown method S. 469-486

„… load simulation. Instead, it is ensured that there are no residual brake forces in the measurement …” „… Different methods for road load determination in comparison Wind tunnel, Wind tunnel method …” „… gernerally possible to determine the total road load of a vehicle with the AEROLAB method, whereby the …”

P. Seiwald Hybrider Leichtbau am Beispiel einer dynamisch belasteten Bauteilkomponente S. 561-570

„… von Versuch und Simulation bei Torsion Die Simulationsmethodik bildete schlussendlich das …” „… and manufacturing a thermoplastic static and dynamically loaded component with load path-oriented …” „… load path analysis the main load paths were determined, where the fiber composite reinforcement could …”

R. Krivachy, F. Buck MANLife – virtuelle Betriebsfestigkeitssimulation von LKW und Bus S. 217-228

„… MANLife-Prozess (MAN Load collective fatigue) stellt dabei eine zukunftsweisende Möglichkeit dar, die Schädigung …” „… reduced and different concepts can be evaluated early. The MANLife process (MAN Load collective fatigue …” „… ) is a forward-looking possibility to simulate the damage of parts based on validated load-time data of …”

A. Krätschmer, A Wagner, H.-C. Reuss Lastlose Erprobung von E-Maschinen in der fruhen Entwicklungsphase S. 487-494

„… Lastlose Erprobung von E-Maschinen in der frühen Entwicklungsphase Load-free testing of …” „… . One of these test benches, the load-less test bench, offers the opportunity to study E-machines in …” „… advantage of the load-less test bench in terms of frontloading is that the test specimen to be tested is …”

G. Spindelberger, K. Hofwimmer Frequenzbasierte Lebensdauerbewertung von geschweisten Bauteilen unter stochastischer, mehrachsiger Belastung S. 161-168

„… illustriert sowie den Ergebnissen aus dem Zeitbereich gegenübergestellt. Abstract Simulation-based …” „… the time domain. In this paper, a new methodology is presented for the simulation-based fatigue …” „… (frequenzbasierte Simulation) unter Verwendung von spektralen Leistungsdichten („Power-Spectral-Densities“ - PSDs …”

A. F. Walser, A. Schumacher, H. Singh, C. Schöne, L. B. Cia Verschachtelte Optimierung des Crashverhaltens von Fahrzeugen mit automatisch erzeugten und bewerteten Submodellen – Submodel based multi-level optimization S. 47-58

„… Simulation Center Stuttgart, Stuttgart; Axel Schumacher, Harman Singh, Bergische Universität Wuppertal …” „… , welche nach der ersten Simulation des Gesamtfahrzeugs gestartet wird. Es werden neben der Erstellung bzw …” „… processes. These FE submodels are derived fully automated depending on the results of a crash simulation of …”

O. Gattringer Automatische Verbesserung von Dynamikmodellen fur eine exakte Lastdatengenerierung S. 195-204

„… dynamic simulation based on road load data measurements, 5th conference Dynamic Simulation in Vehicle …” „… zwischen Simulation und Messung zu erzielen. Es werden zwei Beispiele präsentiert, um die …” „… Einsatzmöglichkeiten und Effizienz der Methode aufzuzeigen. Abstract Dynamic simulation results depend mainly on …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIV

„… Simulations-DNA: Datengetriebener Ansatz zur automatischen Plausibilitätsprüfung strukturmechanischer …” „… An integrated Workflow for the Simulation-Driven Development of Electric Motors and Generators …” „… , Fahrzeugfunktionen, Daimler AG, Sindelfingen Dominik Schuster, Leiter System Simulation/Validierung, BMW AG, München …”

T. Thüringer, K. Büttner, P. Hantschke Entwicklung einer neuen effizienten Prufmethodik zur Absicherung der Lebensdauer von Elastomerlagern – Vorstellung und Absicherung einer Methode zur Erstellung eines multiaxialen Blockprogramms S. 169-180

„… inter alia for load transfer, vibration isolation and damping in different areas in the motor vehicle …” „… . To ensure that these functional properties are maintained despite the high loads over the life of …” „… . Multi-axial high-dynamic loads in three translative or rotational directions currently correspond to the …”

Johann Heinrich Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) in der virtuellen Produktentwicklung – Entscheidungsfindungsprozess auf Grundlage von Erkenntnissen aus grosen Datensatzen S. 39-46

„… this setup without any further simulations. Included, but not shown in detail here, are installation …” „… several disciplines to derive the simulation results. In this case stiffness and buckling simulations are …” „… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2333, 2018 43 reaction forces from the buckling load case can be seen in the Mahalanobis …”

S. Luthardt, L. Fredriksson, V. Leconte, Patrick Lombard, A. Dyer E-Motor Design using Multi-Physics Optimization S. 359-380

„… lifecycles. Altair is leading in defining, developing, and integrating simulation-driven design process and …” „… integration challenges. 2. Simulation-Driven Design FE and other simulation methodologies have …” „… “Simulation-Driven Design”. Simulation-driven design is especially beneficial, where the design is less intuitive …”

D. Dorribo Development of mechanism-based models for resistance spot weld failure simulation of multi-material advanced high strength steel sheets S. 585-606

„… force-displacement curves, is used as the experimental critical force. The simulation-based estimates follow the …” „… Development of mechanism-based models for resistance spot weld failure simulation of …” „… , full-vehicle crash finite element simulations are performed in order to develop the vehicle structure. In …”

C. Stender, M. Jung, P. Du Bois Numerische Simulation von offenporigen Sitzschaumen unter Berucksichtigung der Luft fur die Crashberechnung im Automobilbau S. 617-644

„… simulation of open cell seat foams under crash loads. We will describe the experimental measurements, the …” „… ] DuBois: Numerical simulation of foam materials under impact loads, Europam 2005, Potsdam [4] DuBois …” „… , Hirth: Numerical Simulation of Impact loads on porous foams, Crashmat, Freiburg 2012. [5] Jacobs …”

M. Burger, M. Speckert, K. Dreßler Nutzungsspezifische Vorhersage von Beanspruchung und Energieverbrauch S. 781-794

„… Fraunhofer ITWM has developed modelling and simulation methods that allow to analyze efficiently the …” „… regionally strongly varying usage variability and the resulting variations in the loads and performance …” „… simulation techniques. Applying a statistical usage modelling approach, routes can be derived such that they …”

T. Porsch, C. Brüggemann, L. Greve, T. Heubrandtner Berucksichtigung von Kerbwirkungseffekten an Stanznietverbindungen in der Crashberechnung S. 645-654

„… Simplified modeling of self-piercing rivet joints caused by notch effects in crash simulation M.Eng …” „… design of these structural components, virtual prototypes are used in the form of simulation models. In …” „… body car structures are exposed to tensile loads during a side crash. Self-piericing rivets can be …”

I. Sokrut, M. Müller Automatisierte Auslegung lokal versteifter Karosserieausenflachen durch parametrischassoziative CAD-CAECAO Prozessketten – Optimierung auf Basis serientauglicher Konstruktionsvarianten S. 717-730

„… local transverse load with buckling instabilities and the thermal load (solarisation) are taken into …” „… simulations are based on the software CATIA V5, Abaqus and Isight, but can be easily adapted to other …” „… Funktionen zur Integration von Konstruktion und numerischer Simulation. München. Zugl.: München, Techn. Univ …”

E. P. Viña, M. Kleer, K. Dreßler Virtual validation of autonomous vehicles in a 3D Pointcloud S. 337-344

„… Berücksichtigung der relevanten Parameter - bis hin zur genauen Simulation von Sensoren und Fahrzeugmodell …” „… appropriate city -given the relevant parameters- to the accurate simulation of sensors and vehicle model …” „… possibilities. For reasons of time and cost efficiency, this problem can only be solved by simulations. For …”

H.-D. Glück, D. Harvey, N. Gómez Osorio Dynamische Turaufbiegung – Ermittlung aerodynamischer Lasten mittels einer CFD basierten Methode S. 847-862

„… to fullfill. The intention of this paper is to show and verify a simulation approach without the …” „… , hardware tests are not possible. This approach is combining state of the art CFD tools with the load …” „… Verfügbarkeit und die benötigte Testzeit im Windkanal ist hier das Ziel der Einsparung. Die Simulation erlaubt …”

M. Herold, O. Said, H. Winner Simulative Assessment of Differential Braking for Steering Redundancy in Automated Driven Trucks S. 241-254

„… , which neglects load shift, rolling and pitching motion. In addition a linear tire model is assumed [1 …” „… afterwards for more realistic simulation of a truck steering system. This sub-model also described the …” „… simulation and parametrization of the whole kinematics and elastokinematics of a truck are very complex …”

M. Bruschetta, D. Minen Assisted and Autonomous Driving on Driving Simulators – Advanced features to make Dynamic Driving Simulators suitable for studies on Assisted and Autonomous Driving S. 671-684

„… and Skin Potential Response, which are recognized bio-signal for stress load, and that are processed …” „… being vehicle-environment simulation and its spatial resolution (micro-macro-mesa), V2X communication …” „… reduce the excitation of the vestibular system of a distracted human. Simulation and Driving …”

M. Stokmaier, R. Niemeier, D. Bachinski Pinhal Design- und Kennfeldoptimierung von elektrischen Motoren mit Hilfe von Metamodellen S. 435-456

„… domain reduction scheme for simulation-based optimization. Engineering Computations 19-4 (2002) S …” „… the most important load cycles. Such operating maps depend on many input parameters like e.g. voltage …” „… the necessary amount of simulations for operating map-based design optimisation. Finally, robustness …”

J. Berger, R. Theuerkauf, S. Ott Neue Pruf(-stands)-Konzepte ermoglichen Validierung mehrdimensional angeregter Triebstrangteilsysteme S. 511-526

„… test bench. Actuator systems that enable a combined load condition – characteristic, for example, of …” „… Komponenten – unabdingbar. Erreicht werden kann dies z.B. über 3D-Gesamttriebsstang-Simulationen. Die dafür …” „… Messungen aus dem Fahrzeug bzw. Ergebnissen aus reinen Simulationen wird auf Werte aus der Literatur …”

E. Papoutsis, M. Hojjat, K.-U. Bletzinger Geometric constraints for node-based shape optimization of car body parts S. 75-92

„… industrial examples from the automotive industry. In Vertex Morphing the simulation model can be used …” „… under a set of static loads. Figs. 10a, 10b and 10c show the geometry model along with the …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023334

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A Runtime Adaptation Concept to reinforce Versatility in Industrial Automation

Haitham Elfahaam

Series: Mess-, Steuerungs- und Regelungstechnik

Volume 1267 2018

Results in this title

Implementation - Reality Approach S. 73-84

„… simulations of the load convergence and the total squared error progressions with time respectively. In the …” „… . Fig. 8.5 and 8.6 show the simulations of the load convergence and the total squared error progressions …” „… ) Line - Initial Load:All - 16 Nodes Figure 8.3: Simulation Results: Load Distribution Time Line with …”

Conclusion and Outlook S. 105-109

„… simulation mode, i.e., no real load transfers are performed rather only a simulated version to ensure that …” „… the previous approaches provide good results and an informative insight to the load balancing problem …” „… algorithm balances the loads according to the overhead and the resources reserves in the computation nodes …”

Use-Case - Implementation Approach S. 65-72

„… automation domain due to a considerable reality gap. The reality gap can be seen mainly in the load model. In …” „… . The SMS-SEMAG provides a demonstrator on which a simulation of the full plant runs. The demonstrator …” „… comprises the following servers: • Industrial PC (IPC) for Profibus connection • IPC for physics simulation …”

Methodology Investigation - Analytical Approach - Linear Model S. 40-54

„… Algorithms In the multi core processing domain, load distribution constitutes a crucial factor to the …” „… performance and thus was investigated thoroughly. A model was introduced to describe mathematically the load …” „… linear model, the load units are considered to be numerically continuous. The load exchange between the …”

Methodology Investigation - Empirical Approach - Non-Linear Model S. 55-64

„… mathematical analysis of load distribution is presented that can ensure the stability as well as enhance the …” „… reasons, e.g., the load is considered continuous and not discrete. 6.1 Model Characteristics In the …” „… non-linear model, the load units are considered to be numerically discrete. The load exchange between the …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XII

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.3.1 Docker-Daemon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2.3.2 Load …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.7 Methodology - Load Distribution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 2.7.1 Load …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3.5.1 Load Distribution Executor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3.6 Sensor …”

Scenario 2 - Agents System S. 97-104

„… current position of the pallet gives an insight into the communication load between the cloud services …” „… simulation is modified in order to better illustrate the functionalities of the presented algorithm. The …” „… , a cost function can be formulated. The cost function demonstrates the communication load and QoS …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186267085

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