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Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2354 2019

Results in this title

H. Merkel Solutions for increased power density at shifting clutches S. I-197-I-212

„… Solutions for increased power density at shifting clutches Dipl.-Ing.(FH) Harald Merkel …” „… increase the power density of shifting clutches. New friction materials with increased static coefficient …” „… there is a tendency to go to the limits of the system by layout. This means the increased power density …”

B. Müller, C. Angrick, M. Fritz New concepts for electrical drive trains for high power density S. II-55-II-66

„… New concepts for electrical drive trains for high power density Bruno Müller, Carsten Angrick …” „… e-motor, power electronics, sensors to software application-specific, high power density solutions with a …” „… highly-integrated powertrains concerning e.g. vibrations and ambient temperature High power density in limited …”

D. P. Morisco, I. Liviu Iepure Enhanced application of high-performance-computing in the design process of high-power-density traction motors S. II-85-II-98

„… to precisely calculate power and efficiency. Especially in the field of high-power-density traction …” „… High-Performance-Computing in the Design Process of High-Power-Density Traction Motors M.Sc. David Philipp Morisco, Robert …” „… design process of high-power-density traction motors. The necessary system requirements are presented as …”

A. Kinigadner, T. Biermann Schaeffler eAxle family – future solutions for the electric drivetrain S. I-567-II-VIII

„… with intelligent design of the electric drive system, an optimum power density can be achieved …” „… sports cars with high power density requirements to SUVs. In addition, each axle configuration can be …” „… permanently-excited and asynchronous machines can be implemented depending on the power density and further …”

T. Pullen Integrated eDrive system for various performance classes S. I-287-I-294

„… ratio and a high volumetric power density. Due to the smart and optimized GKN design a scalability of …” „… . 2354, 2019 287 In addition, the different package situations require a high volumetric power density …” „… power-to-weight ratio of greater than 1.9kW/kg with a high volumetric power density of 0,3-0,35kW/dm³, see …”

M. Elshaer, C. Chen Wide-Band-Gap (WBG) power semiconductor switches for automotive HV battery chargers – Opportunities & challenges S. II-1-II-14

„… can be increased leading to an increased DC-DC power density. There is a large variety of matching …” „… non-linear power loss density. The effective core volume is 60 mL and 30 mL for the 100 kHz and 200 kHz …” „… . VDI-Berichte Nr. 2354, 2019 13 [11] Chao Fei, Fred C. Lee, Qiang Li, "High-Efficiency High-Power-Density …”

A. Gehring, M. Beringer, M. Özdemir Overview of stator technologies motors for electro mobility in passcars – The right technology for each application S. II-67-II-76

„… development of electric motor technologies, amongst others higher efficiency, increased power density and …” „… / Acoustics - Power density - Efficiency - Packaging - Reliability - Safety has accelerated the …” „… technical characteristics like efficiency and power density. From an electromechanical point of view …”

M. Özbek, J. Trommer, K. Akiyama, Y. Yamada Nidec next generation electric traction motor S. II-77-II-84

„… efficiency and power density of the motor. Several types of rotors exist in automotive for different …” „… the most common in today’s vehicle applications. To achieve a high power density for the application …” „… power density. Further development on the e-Axle includes a more compact inverter with SiC …”

D. Schweigert, M. Mileti, B. Morhard, M. Sedlmair, M. Fromberger, M. Otto, T. Lohner, K. Stahl Innovative transmission concept for hyper-high-speed electromechanical powertrains S. I-541-I-554

„… high-rev transmission concepts are being used in BEVs to enhance the power density of the electric …” „… designed as a planetary gearbox characterized by a high transmission ratio, to reach high power density …” „… dealing with high-speed. The increase in power density of the electric motors permits an effective use of …”

H. Schäfer System impacts to the electrical drive by using SIC-power semiconductors S. II-15-II-28

„… electronic for drive train applications. The improvement of power, power density and efficiency in relation …” „… . Reduction of current ripple in an electrical machine As very well known, the power density of an electrical …” „… System impacts to the electrical drive by using SIC-power semiconductors Dr. Heinz Schäfer …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-I-I-XII

„… of how to increase power density Innovative 4-wheel-drive systems New ways to achieve NVH reduction …” „… , Weissach f Increasing Power Density Potential of lightweight construction and component properties of …” „… University of Munich Solutions for increased power density at shifting clutches …”

M. Jörgensson, C. Wolrath, J. Hallnéus Volvo Cars modular electric axle drive S. I-531-I-540

„… for a full range of power positions in future. Modularity considering not only design & installation …” „… Electric Propulsion architecture is scalable for full range of power positions in the future. History …” „… Vehicle Length 2.68 Weight 1200 kg Top speed Top speed 70 km/h Electric drive power Electric drive …”

J. Grabowski, A. Colognese 48V to 12V Converters for xEV Applications – Managing the headaches of dual voltage automotive architectures S. II-45-II-54

„… being based upon maximizing the battery’s power density. When choosing a Li-Ion battery cell chemistry …” „… , there is a fundamental trade-off between power density and cold temperature performance. The …” „… produce the power required for the many hybrid features, a higher voltage battery system is required. The …”

L. Herdle 7DCT/HDT400 – New fuel-efficient FWD DCT and hybrid transmission for up to 400 Nm S. I-95-I-102

„… targets were a further improved efficiency, increase power density at the same package space …” „… power density. The 7HDT400 with only 16 kg of additional weight is only slightly above conventional …” „… “power-on-demand” • Park-by-wire – normally stay • Gear ratio spread up to 7.9 • AWD optional Key features 7HDT …”

A. Harsch, G. Clausen, A. Rink Modular system 8G-DCT with all-wheel drive S. I-79-I-94

„… transmission had already set high standards with regard to performance, power density and efficiency. [5] To …” „… efficiency with a high power and torque density, whereby can be reached a very agile electric and hybrid …” „… diesel and petrol engines allows power in models of the new A-Class. In addition, although Mercedes-Benz …”

A. Esser, J.-E. Schleiffer, T. Eichenlaub, S. Rinderknecht Development of an optimization framework for the comparative evaluation of the ecoimpact of powertrain concepts S. I-137-I-162

„… and power ratings of energy converters are assigned to characteristic vehicles that are intended to …” „… process Index of the internal combustion engine in the database Peak power of the electric machine …” „… for energy production or the energy density of energy storage systems are also examined by means of …”

S. Kluemper Benefits of the new Allison 9-speed fully automatic – Medium duty commercial transmission S. III-61-III-74

„… Allison’s 2000 series 6-speed product, providing a cost effective power shift 9-Speed transmission that can …” „… market. The transmission continues Allison’s highly successful approach of providing full power shifting …” „… in combination with torque converter launch to deliver Allison’s Continuous Power Technology …”

T. Basbous, J. Mortal Electric driveline adaptation from passenger-car application to Light & Medium Truck application – A competitive, efficient, compact and light solution S. III-19-III-28

„… power density, it brings weight reduction of around 200 kg, which could be translated directly into …” „… the market power range as a function of the weight class (Fig. 6), we can see that an average 8 tons …” „… truck has a permanent power of around 120 kW. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2354, 201922 Fig. 6: Permanent …”

R. Dold New powertrain concepts for heavy duty commercial vehicles S. III-9-III-18

„… compared to passenger car requirements: Regarding the range: high volumetric energy density is necessary …” „… , which is equivalent to approx. 800 km/day. Regarding the payload: high gravimetric energy density is …” „… applications PHEV type cells acceptable compromise due to high power and relatively high cycle life …”

H. Gürbüz, S. Ott, A. Albers Potentials for improving the system behaviour of highspeed clutches for BEV using optimal transmission springs S. I-265-I-278

„… power density, control and comfort in future powertrains and to take account of the new challenges in …” „… Nr. 2354, 2019266 power density. In addition, the operation of the electric machine in optimum …” „… increasing the efficiency and power density,“ in 16. Internationales CTI Symposium, Berlin, 2017. [2 …”

P. Lück, K. Bennewitz, J. Tousen Volkswagen’s electric drivetrains of the new modular e-drive kit (MEB) S. I-515-I-530

„… maximum rotational speed of 16,000 rpm. The PSM is a system component with a high power density and high …” „… with a flat high-voltage battery built into the floor, the electric drive with power inverter and …” „… thus relatively easy to integrate into the various power outputs of the ID. models. Depending upon …”

M. Kruse, H. Decker, Sebastian Eulert Optimisation of electric motor acoustics of a hybrid dual clutch gearbox using virtual methods S. II-111-II-124

„… the power density as well as the efficiency of the electric motor, high priority has been placed on …” „… to sound level simulation or ERP simulation ( = Equivalent Radiated Power). This facilitates a …” „… evaluation of simulated structure-borne noise in the form of equivalent radiated power ( ) for simple …”

O. Simon, W. Heubner Triple wet clutch module and actuation system, shift cylinders and park lock for modern hybrid transmissions – Architecture and technical description of a triple wet clutch unit and the related active... S. I-471-I-482

„… valves. The hydraulically actuation of the clutches and shifters brings a high power density and …” „… central power packs, which are generated by their constant high pressure level and leakages in the spool …” „… therefore advantages in the gearbox packaging. The focus of the development work is on low power …”

A. Alkan Human/machine readable language representation method in HEV drivetrain testing S. II-125-II-140

„… electric vehicles as well as the associated power electronics. Motor, power electronics and a reducer have …” „… : High Voltage Drivetrain [1] Power Electronics: includes an inverter and a DC/DC converter. The …” „… required by the electric motor. During recuperation, the power electronics converts the alternating …”

A. Grunwald Transmission system footprint related to fatigue, efficiency and NVH S. I-367-I-384

„… arrangement. Potential e-motor types are typically rated in terms of power density, inverter requirements …” „… packaging restriction and high power density with optimization flexibility are driving the final structure …” „… & hybrids are required to operate at very high speed, remaining lightweight with low power loss performance …”

M. Horn, F. Kutter, B. Vahlensieck Advanced development of dedicated hybrid concepts – Systematic search for optimal powertrain concepts S. I-1-I-20

„… additional approaches to increase electric driving efficiency, raise power density and reduce costs …” „… power shift are explained in detail. Finally the authors show the methods of systematically searching …” „… only implied for long distance VDI-Berichte Nr. 2354, 20192 travel with high power. For this time …”

M. Stulrajter, M. Pacha Challenges of sensorless high-speed drives with PM motors S. II-29-II-44

„… factor between high-power density and given weight-volume. In other words, high-speed motors are …” „… , negligible excitation (reactive) power leads to unity power factor operation and makes PM machines very …” „… low excitation losses. Thanks to rapid progress in power and microelectronics and advanced motor …”

P. Fietkau, N. Lamparsky, M. Felbermaier, A. Fröhlcke, T. Conze Holistic design approach for electric drives S. I-163-I-178

„… as high as possible. In electromagnetic terms, however, parameters such as power density, torque …” „… , ever more powerful calculation programs and greater computing power are increasingly available. The …” „… lubricant flow rates, dimensioning the pump and determining the required pump power in the various driving …”

C. Leonhardt, M. Otto, K. Stahl Potential of lightweight construction and component properties of joined spur gears S. I-179-I-196

„… applications with smaller power density or the use as idler gear or planetary gear where no resulting torque …” „… . Gears are an important part of the drivetrain and transmit the power of the engine by converting the …” „… documentation of the load torque. This concept enables high power circulating in the loop between the two …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023549

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ELIV-MarketPlace 2018

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2338 2018

Results in this title

C. Buhlheller Power Converter with High Power Density – Through Usage of GaN Semiconductors S. 183-190

„… Power Converter with High Power Density Through Usage of GaN Semiconductors Christian Buhlheller …”

C. Lausser Electrical heaters for hybrid-and battery electrical vehicles S. 163-172

„… : Eberspächer VDI-Berichte Nr. 2338, 2018166 specific power density [W/cm2] low surface temperature of the …” „… ] @ 60°C/350V/10lpm number of heating elements Surface area [cm2] Power density [W/cm2] increase …” „… . 2338, 2018164 Average heating power required in [kW] VDI-Berichte Nr. 2338, 2018 165 Source …”

J. Homoth Transfermolded, leadframe based power modules S. 149-150

„… Zusammenfassung: In power electronics for automotive the power density increases with every generation as well …” „… Transfermolded, leadframe based power modules Dr. Jan Homoth, Robert Bosch GmbH, Reutlingen …” „… developments. Based on a first principal approach, the development of power modules towards higher power …”

T. Grashoff Assembly technologies of power modules – challenges and solutions S. 191-198

„… TT P POWER DENSITY INCREASE – KEY TO REDUCE COSTS Cyan Magenta Yellow Black PI TS TO PS ER VE R …” „… _Grasshoff.pdf · Seite 1 1 Assembly technologies of power modules – challenges and solutions Dipl.-Ing. Thomas …” „… ei te 3 47_2338_Grasshoff.pdf · Seite 3 3 TODAY´S ASSEMBLY TECHNOLOGY OF POWER MODULES Cyan Magenta …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-VIII

„… Komponenten Antrieb Transfermolded, leadframe based power modules …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175 M. Weber, Daimler AG, Sindelfingen f Halbleitertechnologien Power Converter with High Power …” „… Density – Through Usage of GaN Semiconductors. . . . . . . 183 C. Buhlheller, HELLA GmbH & Co. KGaA …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023389

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Drivetrain for Vehicles 2016

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2276 2016

Results in this title

B. Pennings Recent material developments for further optimization of pushbelt CVT power density S. 897-904

„… Recent material developments for further optimization of pushbelt CVT power density Ir. PDEng …” „… demands regarding efficiency, NVH, cost, and power density. Power density comprises transmittable power …” „… & torque, transmission size, ratio coverage, and durability. Enhanced power density of the pushbelt CVT …”

A. Albers, U. Reichert, S. Ott, A. Radimersky Software supported development of a Battery Electric Vehicle powertrain considering the efficiency S. 321-338

„… system and the power density of the system to increase the range of the vehicle. Besides efficient …” „… density and reduce the total mass of the powertrain. An approach to increase the power density is to …” „… torque. Actual researches focus on high-speed drives to maximize its power density [5]. Increasing the …”

J. Willert, C. Bünder Modular and Scalable Approaches in Layshaft Transmission Design S. 167-176

„… positive-locking connections. Actuation power for the clutches is none in manual transmission and extremely low …” „… in DCTs. For example, clutch actuation power demand of the 7DCT300 is 25 W in the NEDC. Single …” „… . Small-volume manual transmissions with scalable torque density While there is a stable demand for small …”

J. Winchester, A. Favale, S. A. Martin Lightweight, Highly Efficient Drive System S. 667-680

„… Output Torque 3846Nm Max Braking Torque 4807.5Nm Max Power 9kW Max Output Speed 62RPM Regeneration …” „… magnet motors are well known for their high torque density, achieved largely due to the high airgap flux …” „… density produced by rare earth magnets. A reluctance motor is able to produce torque without the use of …”

P. Gwinner, M. Otto, K. Stahl Torque-Vectoring Transmission with Reinforced Plastic Housing for an Electric Subcompact Vehicle – Measures to Integrate a Plastic Housing into an E-Drive Transmission S. 503-514

„… on the powertrain layout of the MUTE. To increase the power density of the axle drive, the maximal …” „… unit. Thus, the higher power density reduces the torque requirement for the superimposing unit and …” „… reaching input speeds up to 12,000 rpm (see specifications in Table 1). The nominal input power is …”

M. Maisch, M. Homm, U. Keller The Highly Efficient 9GH-TRONIC Plug-In Hybrid Transmission by Mercedes-Benz S. 339-352

„… synchronous motor. As a result, the advantages of high efficiency paired with high power density can be used …” „… Power Density, 12th International CTI Symposium, Berlin 2013 [6] Keller, U.; Ostertag, T.; Gitt, C …” „… contribution to increasing the purely electric range. The power flow of the rotating components in the …”

S. Fujimoto, N. Shiomura, K. Sato, Y. Kawahara The Trend and Future of Torque Converter for CVT S. 869-878

„… the recent development of varieties of areas, the improvement of variator power density (between …” „… power performance. On the other hand at the stand point of NV, CVT also has better fuel efficiency …” „… torque capacity as shown in the Figure 6 in general. Large clamp power is required at under drive which …”

F. Brezger, A. Moser Energy Saving Potentials by Advanced Functionalities of Clutch or Brake actuator Systems for Vehicle Drivetrains S. 137-156

„… shifting clutches or brakes. This systems with hydraulic actuators have to deliver the hydraulic power or …” „… by reducing the transmitted power or energy by a reduction of pressures or volume flows. This are …” „… for a provided electrical power in vehicle by [7]: 40 W electrical energy can be equated with about 1 …”

K. Fronius, A. Harsch, P. Neuwirth, J. Gindele The AMG SPEEDSHIFT DCT from the Mercedes-Benz 7G-DCT Family – Performance for the Road and Race Track in the Compact Segment S. 53-68

„… 7G-DCT family sets a record in its class in terms of power density and performance, and is used as …” „… 's power and torque were raised to 280 kW and 475 Nm respectively. In order to retain a competitive edge …” „… the transmission housing, the power-take-off-unit (PTU), the drive power is transmitted to the …”

R. König, A. Viehmann, S. Rinderknecht Development of the transmission control for a High-Speed Multi-Gear Powertrain Concept for Electric Vehicles S. 543-562

„… research topics of high interest. By raising the maximum speed of an electric motor the power density can …” „… transmission that sums the power of the motors over a two-speed subtransmission and a single-speed …” „… a two stage, single-speed transmission. The power of both subtransmissions is summed at the gear …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181022764

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International Conference on Gears 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2355 2019

Results in this title

F. Concli, L. Maccioni, C. Gorla Power loss analysis of different high-power density gearbox typologies: CFD analysis and experimental measurements on a cycloidal gear set S. 101-114

„… Power loss analysis of different high-power density gearbox typologies: CFD analysis and …” „… problems ensuring proper lubrication and increasing the reliability of the systems. High power density …” „… . Introduction The adoption of high-power density gearboxes in several industrial applications is suddenly …”

A. Kubo Influence of stressed volume of tooth flank on the surface durability S. 15-24

„… mate-contacting dedendum that transmit power is different, as shown in Fig.3, because some slippage exists …” „… power transmitting material becomes softer, when the material size or volume becomes bigger. In the …” „… induction in the target material. 5. Damage density concept To utilize the results of fundamental …”

B. Brodmann, H. Bodschwinna Scattered light measurement on worm gears with high efficiency requirements S. 1567-1578

„… autocorrelation function AKF, the spectral power density PSD and the hybrid parameters of ISO 4287, these are not …” „… surface [11]. Different models can be used, which allow the calculation of the spectral power density PSD …” „… storage media for electrical energy, the efficiency of power transmitting systems such as gears in …”

C. Hegger, T. Kruger, J. Maas Two-speed transmission based on energy-efficient MRF-coupling elements and power split mechanism S. 867-876

„… minimized drag losses taken the lower torque density of MRF-based coupling elements into account by power …” „… Two-speed transmission based on energy-efficient MRF-coupling elements and power split mechanism …” „… Abstract This contribution deals with the development of a two-speed transmission based on a power split …”

T. Kleiber DIN Q6 meets DIN Q10 – Need for modern internal gear production S. 415-424

„… speed and last but not least low noise emissions. High power density pushes engineering towards …” „… with high power density. The raw material, heat treatment, gear outside diameter and clamping jigs …” „… machining (honing / power honing / generating grinding). The right process, is a key to success but it is …”

M. Yilmaz, T. Lohner, K. Michaelis, K. Stahl Minimizing gear friction with water-containing gear fluids S. 669-680

„… units, a strong emphasis is put on the efficiency of gearboxes. The power loss of a gearbox includes …” „… power losses from gears, bearings, seals and auxiliaries. A differentiation is made between no-load and …” „… loaddependent losses. Lubricant viscosity and density strongly influence no-load losses such as churning …”

M. Heider, B. Pinnekamp, A. Beinstingel Planetary gears: modes, noise and modifications application and validation of simulation and experiment S. 57-68

„… . 1. Introduction Besides power density, reliability and efficiency, noise is always an important …” „… noise. In planetary gear systems of high power density and high gear ratio, helical gears create …” „… , Augsburg Abstract Gear noise is a very important contribution to the overall performance of power …”

A. Miltenović, M. Banić, V. Miltenović Prediction of heat generation of crossed axis gearbox S. 583-594

„… bevel or cylindrical gears. Their operation is followed by high power losses of the transmission and …” „… overheating that has bad consequences such as high power losses that significantly reduces efficiency. This …” „… 6-1500 Operational temperature °C -20 to 160 Density on 20oC g/cm3 1.08 Kin. oil viscosity DIN 51562 …”

H. Aurrekoetxea, I. Ruiz de Ocenda Experimental and theoretical study of load mesh factor for different boundary conditions in wind gearbox planetary stages S. 835-844

„… Gearbox. Multi mega-watt wind turbine generators today are provided with gearboxes in which power …” „… density is a key driver. For this purpose, last generation wind turbine gearboxes are configured with at …” „… turbine gearbox 1st and 2nd stages due to their superior torque density, which is a key driver in gearbox …”

R. Slatter Condition monitoring of gearboxes using magnetoresistive sensors S. 229-244

„… manufacturing and power generation industries. Intelligent sensors also provide data as a basis for “data as a …” „… robust, as well as featuring a high bandwidth and low power consumption. Machine and plant builders …” „… powerful, cheap signal processing power and increasingly intelligent algorithms, MR-sensors are opening up …”

F. Siglmuller, U. Weinberger, J. Gotz, M. Sedlmair, T. Lohner, K. Stahl Scaling of planetary gear stages according to gear loss similarity S. 115-126

„… is the possibility to reach high power densities in comparison to a conventional spur or helical …” „… applications, the transferred power can reach more than 10 MW. For such applications, industrial testing …” „… facilities reach the technical limits of space, electrical power, measurement technology and heat …”

M. Zapf, J. Klose, F. Zanger, V. Schulze Analysis of process forces and surface topography when manufacturing case-hardened gears by double flanked hard skiving S. 1647-1658

„… transmission components with high power density. To increase load capacity, gears are case-hardened and then …” „… requirements. Use of planetary gears, which provide high transmission ratios at high efficiency and power …” „… density for electric VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 2019 1647 motors, leads to a growing demand for case-hardened …”

Z. H. Wu, Y. Q. Xu, K. A. Liu The Analysis on Grease Lubrication at Two Tapered Bodies Contact Considering Surface Roughness S. 1223-1236

„… the Power-law constitutive model (Oswald-de Waele moldel). Generally, the Powerlaw model is considered …” „… equation with the Power-law model and characteristics of the grease elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL …” „… the Power-law model, and the effects of mechanical and thermal loads on grease lubrication were …”

L. Stocco Complementary strengths of orbitless & planetary drives S. 1485-1496

„… drives have higher power density and co-axial drive shafts that rotate in a common direction. Orbitless …” „… non-uniform tooth friction, it is 3.7x larger to keep the input speed, torque and power as consistent as …” „… possible. The input shafts are accelerated to 7,000 RPM at which point approximately 8.5 W of power flows …”

J. Zhang, J. Wang Dynamic modeling and analysis of a star-wheel reducer S. 741-752

„… transmission ratio and high power density are required. As one of the most overwhelming concerns in the early …” „… , high power density. Because of its VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 2019 741 unique structural and mechanic …” „… been regarded as a promising alternative solution for industrial power transmission where large …”

S. Nowoisky, M. Grzeszkowski, C. Guhmann, J. G. Pelham Monitoring concept study for aerospace power gear box drive train S. 269-286

„… power density of the vibration sidebands between the harmonics of the gear mesh order. In addition …” „… Monitoring Concept Study for Aerospace Power Gear Box Drive Train Dr.-Ing. Sebastian Nowoisky …” „… runs are used to define requirements to adjust the WDTU and accommodate the new power gearbox (PGB …”

H. Xu, D. Qin, C. Liu, Y. Yi, H. Jia Investigation of dynamic modeling and vibration transmission characteristics of helicopter main gearbox S. 449-460

„… constant speed. In order to reduce weight and increase power density, the helicopter main gearbox usually …” „… , 2,…,10) denote shaft neck k; x represents the power master node of shaft 1; bl (l=1, 2,…,10) denote …” „… ., et al.: Torsional vibration analysis of helicopter power transmission system by the multi-shaft …”

F. Concli, C. Gorla Dynamic models for planetary gearboxes SHM S. 471-480

„… that can be achieved, they are employed for transmissions with high power density. There are several …” „… , and power generation. In order to improve the design and to perform monitoring activities, and in the …” „… operation. As in the standard FZG test rig, the e-Motor supplies only the power losses and not the entire …”

E. Maier, T. Lohner, K. Stahl, P. Sperka, M. Hartl Detailed analyses of film thickness and friction in thermoplastic EHL contacts S. 1391-1400

„… behavior that affects its tribological characteristics. For highly loaded power-transmitting thermoplastic …” „… temperature dependency of viscosity and density were both accounted for. Steel was assumed isotropic and …” „… solids exhibits power dissipation in terms of heat. While in hard EHL contacts in fluid film lubrication …”

E. Lothman, L. Kamjou, E. Claesson Gear performance beyond current standards – Implementing increased material fatigue performance in gears S. 915-924

„… the whole system. Combined, this will allow for an increase in power density. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355 …” „… load levels can be achieved. This is common practice in everyday cars. In production of high-power …” „… density applications, hard machining and after treatments are slowly evolving to increase the load …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVI

„… , INSA Lyon, LabECAM, Université de Lyon, France Power loss analysis of different high-power density …” „… , M. Fraces, Alstom, Le Creusot, France Content f Efficiency Windage power loss reductions in …” „… ), Technical University of Munich, Garching Monitoring concept study for aerospace power gear box drive train …”

M. Geitner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl, B. Zornek Investigations on the pitting load capacity of internal spur and helical gears S. 301-314

„… high power density with coaxial in- and output. Especially in wind energy and industrial transmission …” „… . Recently, the continuous increase in required power density of transmission systems enhances the risk of …” „… commonly used. As a consequence of the continuous increase in the required power, the risk for flank …”

B. Hu, M. Zheng, C. Zhou Tribo-dynamics model of a spur gear pair with gyroscopic effect and flexible shaft S. 541-554

„… thickness, viscosity- and density-pressure equations are expressed as out in 2 0 2 ln …” „… . used the tribo-dynamic model with thermal effect to investigate gear mechanical power loss [14], tooth …” „… N N N (7) where ρ is the density of element; E and G are the Young's and shear modulus …”

S. Vonderschmidt, A. Ott, A. Vonderschmidt High speed driven tool for machine tools using magnetic transmission technology S. 1145-1154

„… a lot of computing power, a concept has been developed to calculate the losses with 2D simulation …” „… estimates the core losses due to hysteresis and eddy currents in the core dependent on magnetic flux density …” „… in a rated power of 10 kW. The difference in regard to the simulation can be explained by the …”

J. Pellkofer, M. Hein, K. Stahl, T. Reimann, M. Hombauer New calculation method of the micropitting load carrying capacity of bevel and hypoid gears S. 517-528

„… lead to a constantly rising power density. Thus, a major aspect during the design process of a bevel …” „… power between crossed axles. Demands for higher transmitted torques at a considerably reduced weight …” „… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 2019 519 principle of a closed power circuit. The principle of the test rig is shown in …”

B. Karpuschewski, T. Lierse, S. Schulze Inline-deep rolling – a new approach to increase tooth root load capacity S. 1787-1798

„… shifted on gear design in electric drives [5]. In order to achieve the aim of improved power density, it …” „… properties [4]. The industry also constantly strives to reduce the power-to-weight ratio in the research …” „… conversion or rather power transfer. This results in a complex, three-dimensional stress state in the tooth …”

C. M. Illenberger, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Flank load carrying capacity of oil-lubricated high performance plastic gears – Analysis of the pitting development in back-to-back tests S. 1379-1390

„… . Abstract Plastic gears for power transmitting gearboxes are gaining more and more importance. Operation …” „… the transmitted power compared to dry running systems. Extensive experimental investigations on …” „… material which is particularly suitable for high temperature and high power applications. Current …”

S. Yokoyama A study of gear oil performances contributing to wind turbine lifetime extensions S. 845-856

„… gearboxes. 1. Introduction Among renewable energy sources, wind power is expected to be produced with …” „… the wind power generation facilities are forced to stop for more than 3 days per year. In this study …” „… 339.9 Kinematic viscosity at 100℃, mm2/s 32.86 38.86 Viscosity Index, - 146 165 Density, g/cm3 0.8600 …”

T. Pinel, J. Bruyere, P.Velex, L. Billet Parametric Study of a 3D trochoidal reducer model with involute profile S. 437-448

„… Abstract In medical, robotic and automotive applications, compact gears motors with high-torque density …” „… latest Design Technologies For Gear Devices with Great Transmission Ratios," Power Transmission …” „… International Power Transmission and Gearing Conference, pp. DETC2011-48494: p. 9, 2011. [7] T. SJ, H. WJ …”

S.-G. Moon, S.-C. Kim, J.-H. Sohn, G.-H. Lee 2-stage gearbox optimization to minimize weight and maximize gear mesh efficiency considering the gear ratio for high speed gear S. 1237-1244

„… Coefficient (SR*), Web thickness factor (bS*) to 0.25 and gear density to 7.930 g/cm3. ∗ ∗ Fig. 1 …” „… shown in Table 3 below. Table 3: Design Requirements of 2-stage Gearbox Input Power 1250 HP Input …”

P. Scholzen, C. Lopenhaus, C. Brecher, D. Billenstein, F. Rieg, G. Hammerl Investigation of the influence of elastic gear body structures on the operational behavior of gears S. 785-796

„… optimization in gear design. The power density of a gear can be increased by geometric gear body modifications …” „… increasing technical and economic requirements on power transmissions lead to a continuous need for …” „… gratefully acknowledge financial support by the Research Association for Power Transmission Engineering (FVA …”

C. Chevrel-Fraux, R. Fargere, J. Bruyere, P. Velex Modelling of high power geared transmissions, introduction of a filling material S. 903-914

„… Modelling of high power geared transmissions, introduction of a filling material PhD …” „… hardening Prager constitutive relation [19]. The density is set to 1000 kg/m3, Young modules to 2 GPa …”

Y. Cai, L. Yao, J. Ding, S. Ouyang, J. Zhang Analysis of dynamic transmission error for nutation drive with double circular arc gears under assembly errors and different loads S. 343-354

„… is used in aerospace, ship, wind power equipment, household machinery and medical equipment and …” „… dimensional precision, the total number of elements of the four gears is 379343. And the material density is …”

J. Lohmiller, J. Hoffmeister, J. Hermes Conventional high-strength nodular graphite iron as a substitute for austempered ductile iron (ADI) S. 877-892

„… for the largest crosssection (P102-B). Otherwise, nodule density decreased from 495 1/mm² to 220 1/mm …” „… increasing maximum nodule diameter and can be described by a power-law fit. In compliance with the …”

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International Conference on Gears 2017

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2294 2017

Results in this title

H. Hansson, H. Alm, A. Eng, M. Olsson Beveloid gears in planetary gear trains for increased Grundström, power density and reduced backlash Stensson, S. 579-590

„… Beveloid gears in planetary gear trains for increased power density and reduced backlash Lic …” „… combination with high power density and low lost motion. The planet gears can be pretensioned for backlash …” „… density and reduce weight. The planet gears in conventional planetary gear trains do not carry equal …”

P. Kauffmann, P. Schäflein, V. Heuer PM technology for the future powertrain S. 1289-1298

„… freedom of the powder metal process and power density, efficiency and contact ratio of can be increased …” „… this paper will address solutions for cost reduction, better NVH & higher efficiency, improved power …” „… density & lifetime and packaging efficiency. Powder Metal Process Chain Component quality is a …”

S. Vonderschmidt, A. Vonderschmidt, R. Vonderschmidt A novel magnetic angular transmission S. 591-602

„… increases in the power density of rare earth magnets have resulted in smaller magnetic gearbox sizes. While …” „… coaxial magnetic gearbox has a significantly higher power density. A coaxial magnetic gearbox from …” „… low power density is the strong saturation of the modulator elements. Per the tests run at GEORGII …”

B. Leupold, V. Janzen, G. Kotthoff, D. Eichholz Validation approach of PM gears for eDrive applications S. 119-130

„… , the need for developing systems with higher power density and the strong NVH (Noise Vibration …” „… porosity at conventionally pressed and sintered gears requires further density/performance increasing …” „… increase the density primarily in the highest loaded volume of the gear teeth, while powder forging …”

G. Hlebanja, S. Kulovec, D. Zorko, J. Hlebanja, J. Duhovnik Influence of the tooth flank shape on thermal load of the gear S. 1583-1592

„… power along the path of contact, work of friction and deriving flash temperatures along the path of …” „… Thermal load has a detrimental effect on the power transmission of a mating gear pair for all types of …” „… a contact, whereas thermal power additionally depends on the sliding speed. The generated heat is …”

J. Papies Load distribution in planetary gears considering effects of manufacturing tolerances with a statistical approach S. 783-794

„… effects and in case of the load distribution to a significantly loss of power density. So, it seems …” „… part should be decreased, but on the other hand the power density of the transmission is to be …” „… overvaluation of the effects and in case of the load distribution to a significantly loss of power density. So …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, M. Schroers, T. Frech, P. Scholzen Optimization of NVH behavior of gears by alternative gear materials S. 539-552

„… gears [1]. Due to a lower density, alternative gear materials also lead to a decrease in weight …” „… , the density profile of the tooth flank caused by the manufacturing process of PM gears is calculated …” „… rolled PM gears the density profile of the tooth flank due to the manufacturing process of PM gears is …”

U. Kissling, M. Stangl The documentation of gearbox reliability – an upcoming demand S. 1051-1062

„… so-called density. The density is a function that defines the probability of the event happening at a given …” „… controls how wide the distribution is. However, although for small σ the density looks like it becomes …” „… redundancies are not commonly found in practice. In this design type, the power flow runs through two parallel …”

K. Mao, V. Goodship, N. Madhav, R. Ramakrishnan, P. Langlois Experimental Investigations of Polymer Composite Gear Performance S. 1625-1636

„… , polymer composite gears are considered for applications from low-power precision motion to high power …” „… high-density polyethylene was observed to be root bending failure with some wear. Tests were also conducted …” „… ]. As a result the use of polymer composite gears in power transmission is limited due to the lack of …”

A. Kahraman, H. Ligata Effects of external splines on deformations of ring gears of planetary gear sets S. 341-352

„… advantage is their high power density (ratio of power transmitted to the volume occupied), which can be …” „… order the meet certain design objectives regarding noise, power density, load sharing and durability …” „… . The rim of the ring gear must be as thin as possible in order to maximize the power density and …”

E. Chiappetta, D. Morrey Non-standard spur gear tooth profiles for improved epicyclic gear system performance in low speed applications S. 825-834

„… Power Density, Efficiency, and Durability With MEGAGEARS and UNIMEGAGEARS. SAE 2005-01-1820. SAE …” „… transmission systems, the concept of high torque density, which means carrying more torque within the same …” „… continuous tooth action and a continuous power transmission, as one pair of teeth is approaching the point …”

A. Carbonelli, J.-Y. Guerder Computing and minimizing the whining noise – Application to a bogie gearbox S. 517-526

„… from Case C and high rotating speed VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017522 Fig. 6: Power spectral density of …” „… can lead to the computation of the acoustic power, or as it is presented here, at least to the …” „… uncertainty sources, a correct order of magnitude is provided for almost all points. Fig. 5: Power …”

J. Lohmiller, J. Hoffmeister, J. Hermes, M. Ansorg, H. Dhonau Development and investigation of austempered ductile iron (ADI) for thick-walled gear components S. 963-976

„… Planetary gear boxes are widely used in industrial applications due to their high power density. Especially …” „… . The reason for the high power density and the high output torque is the multiple tooth engagement …” „… / . The density was calculated by dividing the section area by the amount of nodules evaluated. The …”

A. Mihailidis, G. Korbetis, N. Drivakos, I. Nerantzis Finite element method based analysis of planetary gear systems considering backlash and manufacturing deviations S. 75-82

„… conditions. 1. Introduction Planetary gear trains offer very high power density because of their …” „… internal power splitting. It is evident that manufacturing deviations have a strong impact on the power …” „… so-called “solids structural mesh algorithm” was applied, which resulted in a fine mesh of uniform density …”

E. Maier, A. Ziegltrum, T. Lohner, K. Stahl Characterization of TEHL contacts of thermoplastic gears S. 1483-1496

„… and dependencies is a key factor in the evolution of power transmitting thermoplastic gears. As …” „… stiffness and strength that can cause plastic deformation and melting. This is a limiting factor in power …” „… not clearly identified but crucial for engineering power transmitting thermoplastic gears. Thus, the …”

Y. Shen, S. Rinderknecht, M. Hoppert General modelling method of power losses in transmission with parameter identification S. 905-916

„… General Modelling Method of Power Losses in Transmission with Parameter Identification M. Sc …” „… publications concerning the calculation of power losses specifically for one transmission component such as …” „… the models strongly affect the calculated power loss and the resulting efficiency of the gearbox …”

B. Bauer, R. Hambrecht, A. Kube Thermal analysis and optimization of gearboxes by simulation S. 917-926

„… continuous increase of power density. New and better materials, enhanced manufacturing technologies and …” „… Hambrecht, Andreas Kube, Siemens AG, Voerde Abstract With increasing mechanical power capacity of …” „… gearboxes, the thermal power limit tends to become the limiting factor. To achieve a balanced system, the …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVII

„… 83 T. Schulze, helical-geared planetary gearboxes K. Riedel Applications – Electrified Power Train …” „… dynamic power split characteristics 131 L. Han, and the electric power coordinated control for a hybrid …” „… . Bachmann H. Hansson Beveloid gears in planetary gear trains for increased 579 H. Alm Grundström, power …”

B. Kianian, C. Andersson Sustainability-conscious Powder Metallurgy gear manufacturing – An analysis of current manufacturing challenges S. 1251-1264

„… of the basic mechanical parts to industrial segments where motion and power transfer are needed [3 …” „… the improvement of metal powders properties. PM pressing methods for high density (e.g. selective …” „… surface densification), warm compaction, high-density lubrication, completely pre-alloyed chromium steel …”

F. Concli, C. Gorla Numerical modeling of the churning power losses of gears: an innovative 3D computational tool suitable for planetary gearbox simulation S. 881-892

„… Numerical modeling of the churning power losses of gears: an innovative 3D computational tool …” „… present for the prediction of the power losses and the efficiency of gears, neither accurate analytical …” „… independent power losses. The authors have been working on this topic for several years and have developed …”

A. Şorea, F. Buus Bendixen Reluctance magnetic gear – Magnetic gears, no longer toothless S. 615-622

„… in 1901 in his patent” Power Transmitting Device” [1], people have stated that the term magnetic gear …” „… mechanical gears. When comparing the torque density of just 7,7Nm/L of the reluctance magnetic gear, with …” „… the 16 to 24 Nm/L torque density of a spur gear, it is easy to see that torque density is not the …”

D. Strasser, S. Troll, R. Sperlich, J. Münch Reliability safeguarding for an 8 MW wind energy gearbox in serial production – Prototype and process development ensuring stable quality at the highest level S. 1085-1100

„… % power density increase in the same volume by using numerous planets. Fig. 2: Characteristics of …” „… % cumulative annual growth in 2015 to 2020. The recent tender process leads to low power prices for offshore …” „… , a proven design applied in more than 2,500 gearboxes in the power range from 2.5 to 3 MW since 2003 …”

M. Takahashi, T. Itagaki, N. Maeda, H. Takahashi Evaluation of developed micro-gear endurance test system and basic study on load-carrying characteristics of micro-spur-gears S. 243-252

„… gear unfailed, the operating conditions were gradually increased until power could not be transmitted …” „… 3.87×108 − ≒3.05×107 ISO Grade VG68 Density ρ [g/cm3 @ 15Cº] 0.87 Pour point θp [Cº] -6 Flash point θf …” „… or a decrease in oil film due to the increased applied torque. However, at this stage, power …”

K. Kanto, T. Yamada, S. Komatsu, J. Morishita, I. Yamaji, A. Kubo Non-contact measurement of 3D tooth flank form accuracy of bevel gears on 5-axis machining center S. 1039-1050

„… and its power control technology allows using the laser triangulation method for high-reflective …” „… optical method is strongly desired. The measuring device should acquire data with enough density not …” „… systems are well known for this purpose. These systems can describe the surface profile as high density …”

G. Goch, K. Ni, Y. Peng, A. Günther Paradigm change in cylindrical gear metrology using areal measurement and evaluation S. 1025-1038

„… noise emission, higher power density and longer lifetime. Geometric properties evaluated over the entire …” „… order to reduce the noise emission and increase the power density. Consequently, gear inspection on a …” „… Coordinate Measuring Machines (CMMs) or Gear Measuring Instruments (GMIs) can capture high density point …”

E. Rigaud, P.-H. Cornuault, B. Bazin, E. Grandais-Menant Prediction of the vibroacoustic response of an electric window-lift gear motor S. 635-648

„… cage containing two metal-graphitic brushes supplying electrical power to the rotor. The housing is …” „… each degree of freedom of the housing. It allows estimation of the acoustic power Π radiated from the …” „… gear motor assuming a unit radiation factor: Π with 0 is the air density, c0 is the velocity of …”

C. Weber, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Investigation on the flank surface durability of gears with increased pressure angle S. 173-184

„… power density in the drive train. In this report gears with reference tooth shape (αn = 20°) as well as …” „… examined experimentally. Optimization goals were the power to weight ratio of the transmission and the …” „… pressure angles αn ≈ 20° according to the basic rack as specified in ISO 53 [7] in today’s power …”

H. B. Endeshaw, S. Ekwaro-Osire, F. M. Alemayehu, J. P. Dias Estimation of remaining useful life of gears with uncertainties in loading and material parameters S. 1063-1072

„… power, 27.4 m rotor diameter and 42 m hub height) wind turbine. A full field wind model for a 42m hub …” „… . [10] and stochastic loading was obtained by generating samples from GEV probability density function …” „… random variables Parameter Probability Density Function Unit Mean, μ (Location) Standard …”

S. Stoyanov, V. Dobrev, A. Dobreva Investigating dynamic behavior of planetary gear trains through the systematic approach S. 197-208

„… several advantages: shaft co-axiality, higher power density, large torque-to-weight ratio, increased …” „… Abstract In comparison with parallel shaft power transmission designs, planetary gear trains possess …” „… to 4 times less weight and dimensions transmitting the same or greater torques. The power is …”

H. Schreiber, T. Röthlingshöfer Kinematic classification of a gearbox comprising separate thrusted teeth and its advantages regarding existing approaches S. 267-280

„… efficiency as well as a high power density. They offer the opportunities of a reduced backlash and a hollow …” „… field of power train engineering. In some publications its basic kinematic principle and the new design …” „… . 2294, 2017 267 2 1 P S of a lighter and smaller design while comprising the same power than spur gear …”

L. Gondecki, M. Weibring, P. Tenberge Simulation and test method for the lubricant’s influence on the wear and fatigue mechanisms on tooth flanks S. 29-40

„… starts with first short cracks on the tooth flank surface whereas the crack density increases with the …” „… to the surface. At a certain crack density small microscopic particles break out of the surface and …” „… short crack initiation. A growth rate of the short cracks and a short crack density are then defined …”

V. Angelopoulos, M. Hirsch PM gear rolling simulations using advanced plasticity material model and improved initial conditions S. 1277-1288

„… modulus at the mate- VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017 1279 rial point that the density has changed after …” „… ∅100/33 in the density of 7.3 g/cm3 and sintered at 1120 for 45 minutes in a 90/10 % N2/H2 atmosphere in …” „… density profile was also measured at the pitch point. These measurements used to compare with the …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, F. Goergen, D. Mevissen Crack propagation analysis of pitting damages of high-strength material systems in gear applications S. 281-292

„… applications, the demand on high power density is continuously growing. Apart from optimizing tooth shape …” „… on the power density of gearboxes lead to a continuous development of materials with optimized heat …”

D. Krüger, E. Leidich, I. Römhild, R. Heß, H. Linke Geometry, pitting and tooth root capacity of asymmetric gears S. 751-768

„… costumers on power density and reliability of gearboxes are often limited because of the capability of …” „… asymmetric gear tooth profile can increase the power density of the gearbox. The presented diagrams give …”

S.-J. Tsai, L.-C. Chang, C.-H. Huang Design of cycloid planetary gear drives with tooth number difference of two – a comparative study on contact characteristics and load analysis S. 61-74

„… absorbing ability, enlargement of the power density of the drives is still the essential development work …” „… . Nevertheless, the trend in designing the gear reducers today is to enlarge the power density, besides the …” „… cycloid planetary gear reducers are important drives for power and/or precision motion transmission. The …”

P. Garambois, E. Rigaud, J. Perret-Liaudet Robust optimization of gear macro and micro-geometries in order to minimize static transmission error and gear stiffness fluctuations S. 927-938

„… Monte-Carlo simulation is performed with 1000 manufacturing random error samples, and a power density …” „… 927 Gear power transmissions are responsible for upsetting vibroacoustic phenomena due to the meshing …” „… congress on gearing and power transmission, Paris, volume 3, pages 1961–1972, 1999. [6] Emmanuel Rigaud …”

L. Zhao, R. C. Frazer, B. A. Shaw The influence of overlap ratio on transmission error in parallel axis gears S. 939-952

„… power density, high efficiency and reliability. They VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017 939 are widely used in …” „… cost of both running and manufacturing of mechanical power transmission systems because of their high …” „… many applications ranging from automotive, power generation, marine, defence, aerospace. The …”

I. Atanasovska, H. Abderazek Comparative analysis of few new procedures for spur gears tooth profile optimization with different methods and aspects S. 1169-1176

„… High Power Density Geared Powertrains“, Guest Editor: Prof. Dr. Christos Spitas, Delft University of …”

B. Kohn, T. Utakapan, M. Fromberger, M. Otto, K. Stahl Flank modifications for optimal excitation behaviour S. 1319-1330

„… gears has to ensure different and often competing goals [8]. The demand of a high power density …” „… : Proceedings of the ASME 2011 - 11th ASME International Power Transmission and Gearing Conference, Washington …”

A. Miltenović, M. Banić, Ž. Mišković, R. Mitrović, V. Miltenović Prediction of heat generation in transmission bearings by application of FEM S. 1199-1208

„… Belgrade, Serbia Abstract Heat generation in bearings is manifested by the power losses of the …” „… - density and C - specific heat Since there are no internal heat generated for the case relating to this …”

A. K. Shojaei, P. Volgers, M. Cassata Advanced modeling and experimental techniques for fatigue life prediction of plastic gears S. 1575-1582

„… life prediction and self-heating effects of Delrin®. Density of Delrin 100 is about 1420 (Kg/m3 …” „… Motion and Power Transmissions, February 28 –March 3, 2017, Kyoto, Japan Table 1: Summary of the …”

B. Černe, D. Zorko, J. Duhovnik Semi-analytical method for the prediction of the flank temperatures of polymer gears during running S. 1611-1624

„… (PA 66); Ensinger Density ρ [kg/m3] 1410 1140 Elastic modulus E [MPa] 2800 2410 Tensile yield Rm …” „… International Conference on Motion and Power Transmission, Proceedings of MPT2017-Kyoto, February-March 2017 …”

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Dritev 2024

VDI Wissensforum GmbH

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2433 2024

Results in this title

M. Khani, S. Frei, G. Griepentrog Non-isolated onboard charger with three-phase and single-phase operation mode and increased power density S. 429-444

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024331

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Dritev 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2401 2022

Results in this title

C. Ugare, A. Sibirko Plastics in high reliability Power Inverter Applications S. 209-222

„… complications of using plastic coolant housing in power density, costs, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), and …” „… reliability. The use of plastics creates new opportunities to increase power density with lower cost, reducing …” „… a higher degree of automatization. Compared to power inverters for passenger cars, the power density …”

M. Schröder, K. Herold, C. Monissen Efficiency Increase of Electric Machines with Active Thermal Field Weakening S. 119-132

„… with high magnetic energy density are used due to high power requirements. Their strength cannot be …” „… generations of electric machines that have higher power density. The increase in power density, in addition to …” „… . Increased power density, and therefore loss density, will significantly reduce heat-up times, making …”

F. Lagier, N. Freund, K. Bause, S. Ott, A. Albers Simulation-based evaluation of high-speed PEEK gears in automotive powertrains and design of a validation environment for high-speed gears S. 223-240

„… drivetrains are designed to increase the energy density of the powertrain. Rising the power of an electrical …” „… volumetric power density between 20,000 rpm and 30,000 rpm [9]. The high-speed domain is defined by a …” „… .; Ott, S.: Presentation of a multispeed gearbox for a BEV in-creasing the efficiency and power density …”

F. Duchi, M. Ivarson, A. Schmitt, F. Haag Innovative E-Drive testing and software optimization – Key to maximize range, comfort and robustness of modern electric powertrains S. 37-60

„… is the key component that convert DC voltage from the battery into AC to power the electric motor …” „… inverter and the E-Motor efficiency: minimize the battery energy consumption for the same mechanical power …” „… Indi-cators (KPIs)  Performance and efficiency o Motor efficiency and power losses in the motor o Inverter …”

J. Gindele, U. Franzmann, L. Herdle, A. Pawlenka The Magna 7HDT400 for BMW’s new 48V hybrid drive family S. 1-12

„… very compact design and high power density. Figure 5 shows the gearset layout and the connection of the …” „… . 2401, 20222lubrication. The EM also handles power generation for all vehicle systems, eliminating the …” „… need for an additional, conventional generator. This saves further weight and costs. The power flows …”

Z. Liu, V. Stegmayer, S. Rinderknecht, U. Fechter Multiphase CFD investigation of splash lubrication S. 169-184

„… lubricant motion and their interaction with gears implies in turn the hydraulic power loss. These churning …” „… power loss and does not depend on the transferred load torque in the system. According to the previous …” „… width. The churning loss is then expressed as: ? 0.0625?? ? ? ? (6) where ? is the oil density and …”

A. Eßer, J. Mölleney, S. Rinderknecht Potentials to reduce the Energy Consumption of Electric Vehicles in Urban Traffic S. 133-152

„… investigated as a multi-speed BEV powertrain with two downsized EMs instead of one high-power EM and it is …” „… powertrain with two downsized EMs instead of one high-power EM. The TDT uses active synchronization of the …” „… in general results in a higher efficiency compared to the use of a single high-power EM in part load …”

A. J. Wimmer High-Speed Testing: The Fast Lane towards a Running System S. 365-380

„… power density of electric vehicle drives the effectiveness of heat dissi-pation must be enhanced …” „… "plug-and-play" solution to be installed easily on existing and new test stands. Power Requirements for Testing …” „… shows the power, speed, and torque requirements of high-speed drive test systems for e-mobility …”

T. König, L. Stütz, L. Bauer, M. Kley Model-based simulation of a longitudinal dynamics vehicle model with a single-wheel drive S. 381-396

„… determining the efficiency of transmissions, a distinction is made between power loss measurement and power …” „… power loss measurement, the power loss ? and the input power ? are measured. The measurement can be …” „… calculated as follows: ? 1?? (2.1) The power difference, on the other hand, is measured by determining the …”

M. Hein, S. Prinke, A. Damm, P. Fischer Testing of shift elements – Standardized Methods, State of the Art and Future Challenges S. 73-94

„… reduce the axial installation length of DCT and/or to increase the power density, different measures are …” „… .; PONICK, B.; STAHL, K.: On the Impact of Maximum Speed on the Power Density of Electromechanical …” „… in formula (5). The mean friction power ? combines the friction energy ? and the sliding time …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024010

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Gleit- und Wälzlagerungen 2017

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2308 2017

Results in this title

P. Sauvage, G. Jacobs, B. Lüneburg Calculation model for evaluation of slippage in large diameter bearings – A combined analytical-numerical evaluation of the post-hardening risk due to slippage in large diameter bearing S. 219-230

„… transfer and the contact power density describes the rapidity of this contact energy density input. Since …” „… contact power density (? ? ) is the product of the relative circumferential speed ∆? ? (? ? ) between the …” „… the calculation of the contact power density [2], see 3 -1 . (? ? ) = 0,5 ∆? ? (? ? ) (? ? ) 3 -1 …”

D. Vaes, P. Tesini, K. Stadler Evaluation of roller slip losses in wind turbine gearbox high speed shaft bearings S. 283-298

„… phase (Figure 6). VDI-Berichte Nr. 2308, 2017294 Figure 12: Maximum power slip density on the inner ring …” „… race of the large contact angle bearing during the speed sweep. By definition, the power slip density …” „… is negative because it refers to dissipated heat. The red and green line are the power slip density …”

F. König, G. Jacobs, G. Burghardt Einlaufverhalten von Gleitlagern im Start-Stopp-Betrieb S. 53-62

„… Power Antwerpen NV, Lommel, Belgium; Ing. Krieckemans Koen, ZF Wind Power Antwerpen NV, Lommel …” „… , Belgium; Ing. Goovaerts Michel, ZF Wind Power Antwerpen NV, Lommel, Belgium Abstract As a leading …” „… designs - in the power range from 2 up to 6 MW - typically consist of a combination of planetary stages …”

B. Prase, T. Schiemann, E. Leidich Methode zur einfachen Abschätzung deformativer Betriebseigenschaftsänderungen S. 113-124

„… pressures result in increased technical requirements, which causes a higher level of power density. The …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023082

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ELIV-MarketPlace 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2405 2022

Results in this title

Florian Pampel, M. Stapelbroek, I. Hazanavicius Tailored battery systems for entry level up to high performance applications Challenges in battery development S. 99-108

„… V 3.7 V 3.6 V 3.6 VEnergy densityPowerLifetime N/ASafetyCost ?Improvements expectedLow …” „… respective vehicle applications have significantly dif-ferent requirements for battery energy density, power …” „… SHEET800 V PHEV battery with 6.5 kWh energy200 kW peak / 125 kW continuous powerPower density of 1.5 kW …”

M. Raimann New GaN based DC-DC converter concept for future fuel cell and charging applications S. 331-338

„… DC-DCTotal losses / %-40%© ZF Friedrichshafen AGQuantity Relative changeTotal volumePower densityMassChoke …” „… passenger cars high power density requirements and low cost are a major driver for innovation. For …” „… efficiency and/or higher power density compared to existing silicon or silicon-carbide transistor based …”

A. Berger An Advanced High-Efficiency Inverter with High Switching Frequencies to Improve Powertrain Efficiency and Performance S. 85-98

„… . Experimental results show that higher efficiency and higher power density can be commercially reached in the …” „… off-the-shelf power modulesESTIMATED VOLUME6.5 LitresANTICIPATED POWER DENSITY~50 kW/L314 mm257 mm89 mm800V 250 …” „… energy densityReduces shielding requirements Lower cost, size and weightReduces torque rippleImproves …”

F. Finkeldey Smart LiDAR Components – Automotive SPAD detector IC and high performance laser driver S. 293-302

„… © 2022 Elmos Semiconductor SE. ELIV 2022 7Eye safety regulations limit the maximum average power density …” „… VCSEL arrays and high-power edge emitting lasers is offered to increase optical efficiency. On the …” „… compatible with the latest generation of multi-channel VCSEL arrays and high-power edge emitting lasers is …”

Manuel Gärtner, Nadia Lecci New STi2GaNTM technology for ultra-fast switching automotive applications S. 121-132

„… • Higher power density• Higher operating frequency• Enabling system miniaturizationSTi2GaN Solutions enable …” „… different power semiconductors based on their physical characteristics. GaN is a key enabler for ultra-fast …” „… family of integrated solutions, ranging from monolithic power stages with embedded drivers to …”

D. Dudic Sustainable Trucking S. 339-348

„… electric mobilityNMC battery as state-of-the-art for high energy densityRange of up to 400 kilometerson one …” „… power and high-voltage battery able to provide up to 400 kW on top Customer Test fleet planned in 2025 …”

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International Conference on Gears 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2422 2023

Results in this title

S. Chen, C. Liu, D. Qin Forward Performance-driven Design of Gear Parameters S. 211-226

„… in Table 2. Efficiency(%) PPMSLoad capacityPower density(kw/kg)Symmetric toothAsymmetric toothUtopian …” „… recognized empirical methods; The power density is also regarded as the design objectives of gears. All the …” „… , efficiency, and power density of gear are accurately evaluated. Based on the multi-objective optimization …”

M. Reichl, P. Lenz, A. Oliva Challenges and possibilities of virtual development of e-axle transmissions S. 485-498

„… the load-independent gear loss torques, which are part of the total power loss of the gearbox …” „… . According to ISO/TR 14179-2, this total power loss is composed of load-dependent and load-independent parts …” „… : 𝑃 𝑃 𝑃 𝑃 𝑃 𝑃 𝑃 (1.1) The load-dependent gear power loss 𝑃 is thus included in the total …”

A. F. İnceel, B. Özkan, B. Karba, M. Vardar A study on the efficiency prediction of a gear bearing drive by means of mathematical modelling S. 1135-1146

„… by considering the power losses of the components within the system. Introduction & Research findings …” „… previous studies. Arnaudov et al. mentioned the types of power losses in general gear trains which are …” „… other power losses that do not have a great effect on the efficiency result in the reference book [3 …”

C. Kunik, J. Kunert Wetting and oil flow analysis of planetary gearboxes using oil flow simulations S. 467-484

„… ) to analyze the fluid flow and evaluate the power losses for a wide range of gear unit variants in …” „… rating, so a higher maximum output power at the same reference temperature, which is a significant …” „… gear units, which are characterized in particular by their compact design and their high torque density …”

W. Ramdane, C. Changenet, S. S. Ouali, C. Chevrel-Fraux, P. Casanova Thermal model of a planetary gear set using an isothermal approach S. 451-466

„… lossesTooth friction power losses W Mo Load independent torque lossesN.m ρoil Oil density kg/m3Sm Surface of …” „… is used to solve the problem: power losses and heat flow are calculated versus time. Which leads to …” „… experimental and numerical temperatures is observed.Keywords: Isothermal model, Power losses, splash …”

S. Reitschuster, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Experimental Verification of High-Performance Polymer Gears in an Electric Vehicle Powertrain S. 1533-1534

„… relevance in current research and industrial practice. Due to their advantages such as low density and the …” „… systems is still almost exclusively limited to applications with restricted power transmission, like …” „… actuators. To extend the field of application to power transmissions as well, in this study a transmission …”

R. Beilicke, D. Bartel, L. Bobach Simulation-based optimization of gearing efficiency using thin coatings S. 975-984

„… suitable measure. However, the use of low-viscosity lubricants and the increase in the power density of …” „… operation is the increase in power density of gear units. Furthermore, the load-dependent gear losses in …” „… the tooth flanks and takes into account mass-conserving cavitation, a density that varies within the …”

I. Criscuolo, F. Carneiro, G. Guimarães, R. Rego, J. Mascheroni Indirect Selective Laser Sintering: Modeling and analysis of surface densification by shot peening S. 1681-1698

„… density of the samples and the surface integrity features induced from printing to peening, such as …” „… automotive applications, into the density of iSLS processing with carburized steels densification achieved by …” „… from low laser energies [5]. Combinations of reduced laser powers, high scanning speeds and larger …”

C. M. C. G. Fernandes, J. M. A. Pinto, D. E. P. Gonçalves, A. R. Silva Reduction of root and flank temperature using a hybrid polymer-metal rack S. 1547-1562

„… thermal power. A loading and heating system was designed and manufactured, the temperature measured using …” „… density, the dry-running capability and the cheaper manufacturing cost when mass production is applied [1 …” „… to a static bending test (adaptable to cyclic loading) while imposing different thermal power on the …”

F. Concli, M. N. Mastrone Latest advancements in the lubrication simulations of geared systems: a technology ready for industrial applications S. 499-518

„… , with an increase in the power density and performances. Engineering tools allowing a comparison of …” „… temperatures. A decrease of the power losses allows also a downsize and a reduction of the weight of the system …” „… accurate to capture the power losses of geared systems, the computational effort required for their …”

A. Baseer, B. Bauer, C. Wang Mesh Load Factor in Multiple Planetary Stage Gearboxes S. 281-290

„… the gearbox ratio over the torque density for one planetary stage and two helical stages (PHH), two …” „… (PPP(H)) concept. Fig. 1: Torque density vs gearbox ratio of PHH, PPH and PPP(H) concept VDI-Berichte …” „… Nr. 2422, 2023282The PHH concept was used for power classes in the range of 1-2 MW. Later it was …”

W. Wagner, S. Schumann, B. Schlecht The relevance of pinion deflection and twisting for loaded tooth contact analysis of high reduction hypoid gears S. 829-838

„… gear ratios to be achieved in the same installation space, thus increasing the power density. By …” „… reduction hypoid gears (HRH).Due to increasing demands regarding the power density and efficiency of …” „… zuverlässig bestimmt werden sollen. Abstract Bevel gears are used to transmit power in gear trains between …”

J. Vorgerd, P. Tenberge, M. Steinrötter Scuffing load carrying capacity of high-speed gears with an isotropic superfinished surface S. 227-242

„… automotive drivetrains (IFA), Ruhr-University Bochum Abstract Increasing demands in power density of …” „… roughened with worse frictional properties. This leads to higher power losses and can ultimately cause a …” „… a closed power loop between a test and a slave gearbox. The power loop is driven by an electric …”

M. J. Herberger, F. Rudolph, B. Sievers Efficient concepts for high ratio angular gearboxes S. 801-814

„… high power density the relation becomes valid. In this publication the term power density refers to …” „… , non-preloaded deep grove ball bearings are used in the W.7 gearbox. By this bear-ing concept the power losses of …” „… ) VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 20238045 Gearbox power losses Referring to ISO/TR 14179-2 [4] the overall power loss of …”

I. Gonzalez-Perez, A. Fuentes-Aznar Improvement of the transmission efficiency in electric vehicles by using double staggered helical gears with shortened teeth S. 1083-1090

„… power density [1]. Nowadays, there is an area of research directed to get low-loss gears. These gears …” „… well as a phase angle between their two parts. Reduction of power losses is achieved by avoiding …” „… velocities to compute the power losses along the cycle of meshing. The second one is based on the …”

C. Westphal, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Influence of Axis Misalignments in Stepped Planetary Gear Stages on the Excitation Behavior – Test Rig Development and Simulative Analysis S. 175-190

„… combination of high power density, high efficiency and low noise emission. With the electrification of the …” „… power density. In stepped planetary gearboxes - in contrast to planetary gearboxes - the single planet …” „… , 20231763. Objective and Approach Increasing demands on the power density and the excitation behavior of …”

A. Beinstingel, F. Haringer, W. Sigmund, M. Heider, B. Pinnekamp, S. Marburg Investigation of Sound and Vibration Behavior of Cylindrical Gears S. 599-618

„… rpm (left); Density distribution of equivalent radiated power (ERP) of gearbox D at 750 rpm (center …” „… aspect to a successful gear design. Since the main noise originates from the characteristic power …” „… . IntroductionIn modern power transmission systems, noise contributes as a quality feature to the success of a …”

W. Smet Gear geometry, size and material influences not captured in ISO 6336 S. 1267-1272

„… Gear geometry, size and material influences not captured in ISO 6336 B. Sc. Wim Smet, ZF Wind Power …” „… has certainly, proven its added value. Currently steps are being taken to improve torque density on …” „… gearboxes. In many cases flank and root stress assessments are being used to quantify the torque density …”

J. Hongu, S. Hattori, J. Kato, T. Koide Gear friction coefficient estimation using directional parameter under ATF lubricated condition S. 753-762

„… utilization of electric power in the low-high speed range. Further, gearboxes are primarily used as speed …” „… proportionally to its surface roughness to a power of 0.25. Xu et al. [13] developed an exponential function that …” „… coefficients were calculated using the results of a gear- efficiency test. This machine is a power …”

G. Guimarães, L. Robatto, R. Rego, A. Faria, A. Borille, J. Mascheroni Surface integrity of 20MnCr5 pinion gears manufactured through laser powder bed fusion S. 1845-1858

„… ability to achieve the highest possible geometrical accuracy and density levels [3]. In this process, a …” „… deviations in powder characteristics may result in non-uniform layer deposition, inconsistent bulk density …” „… Ytterbium-doped fiber laser with a power output of 200 W. The laser emitted a collimated beam with a focal spot …”

A. Wallinger, R. Vonderschmidt, S. Vonderschmidt Lubricant Free Transmissions for the food industry – A Comparison S. 715-726

„… often selected smaller than the electric motor for cost reasons due to its higher torque density …” „… concepts. Magnetic transmission Plastic gears Sintered gears Phyical principle Magnetic power transmission …” „… integrated geared motors. The motor is controlled by a servo drive and a torque is applied to it on a power …”

N. Blech, C. Paschold, T. Lohner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl, L. Amar Review of different calculation approaches for the mean coefficient of friction in ISO 6336 S. 191-210

„… of friction is given in Equation (5). It was derived from experimental gear power loss tests of …” „… Kinematic viscosity at 40 °C 40 in mm2/s 320 100 Oil temperature oil in °C (*) 60 90 Oil density at 15 °C …” „… kinematic viscosity at oil temperature was calculated acc. to DIN 51563 [16]. The oil density at oil …”

J. D. M. Marafona, J. H. O. Seabra, P. M. T. Marques, R. C. Martins Effect of overlap ratio on gear dynamic behavior and noise level S. 1239-1256

„… parameters, contact ratio ( ) and overlap ratio ( ) are also included. The gears‘ safety factors and power …” „… displayed in Table 3 ordered by increasing total number of teeth. It can be verified that the power loss is …” „… be a replacement for the C40 so their safety factors are as high as the C40. The higher power loss of …”

M. Fürst, S. Sepp, D. Schweigert, M. Otto, K. Stahl Experimental Investigation of Moving Contact Pattern in Helical Planetary Gearboxes S. 569-582

„… Abstract Planetary gear sets combine the characteristics of high-power density and compact design which are …” „… high-power density, coaxial central shaft alignment and high gear ratios, promote their wide usage in diverse …” „… process is covered in [16–18]. 2.1. Principle In the power path of the test rig, there is a worm gear …”

M. Geitner, S. Preintner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Simulation Study on the Tribological Characteristics in the Meshing Contact in the Context of the Load Carrying Capacity Calculation of Internal Gears with Unbalanced Sliding Conditions S. 429-450

„… characterized by a high power density and a compact design with coaxial in- and output. Consequently, planetary …” „… for the design of internal gears. 1. Introduction Due to a high power density and a compact design …” „… scaling-up of the required system power, the risk of flank damages increased during the last decade. Certain …”

T. Schmidt, B. Neubauer, D. Merk White Etching Cracks (WECs) on gears of E-Axle applications S. 257-268

„… trend towards higher efficiency and power density enhances these factors which means, WEC-risk on gears …” „… dislocation glide with high local dislocation density and finally this rearrangement of dislocations leads to …” „… combination with high energy density, bring up the need for new testing methods for oils. For this purpose …”

T. Kleiber, B. Neubauer Advancing to The Next Level – Cost Efficient Roll-Inspection: Back from End-of-Line NVH to Skiving Process S. 1591-1606

„… powertrain. With a focus on e-Axles, the system requires a lightweight, compact, and power dense solution …” „… , is a key driver for technical solutions. Therefore, planetary gear sets have advantage of power …” „… density. When it comes to manufacturability, external gears are easier to manufacture in comparison to …”

T. Jagiella, S. Haller, J. Lechner, T. Rung, M. Wöppermann, B. Zeeb Building a software toolchain for automated mass-customization of specific end-use gear unit parts using AM-driven design guidelines S. 1607-1616

„… plate (affecting the number of parts that fit onto the plate and thereby the packing density of the …” „… . The resulting high packing density and low post-processing time reduces part cost.After a suitable …” „… also defines the process parameters, like layer thickness, laser speed and laser power. 4.5. Software …”

J.-A. Meis Parametric system simulation of load sharing in planetary gearboxes S. 269-280

„… . This facilitates a significant increase in development speed and an increase in power density. The …” „… priority in the design of planetary gearboxes to ensure high torque density at lowest possible cost …”

A. Hilligardt, V. Schulze Gear Skiving with Minimum Twist Errors S. 1749-1764

„… places the focus of development on increasingly compact drive units with the highest power density. Due …” „… to high power density and good efficiencies at high transmission ratios, planetary gearboxes are …”

J. Sanchez-Espiga, A. Diez-Ibarbia, M. Iglesias, A. Fernandez-del-Rincon, F. Viadero, J. Calvo-Irisarri, A. Fernandez-Sison Statistical study of the mesh load factor of planetary gear transmissions affected by inherent manufacturing errors S. 139-156

„… comparison to other kinds of gear transmissions. These rely on their compactness, robustness, power density …” „… analysis of a wind turbine power drivetrain: Offshore considerations,” Appl. Acoust., vol. 77, pp. 204–211 …” „… . M. Al-Shaalan, Reliability Evaluation of Power Systems. 2019. [27] M. Iglesias, A. Fernandez del …”

P. Fischmann, A. Hilligardt, V. Schulze Tooth Root Burnishing in the Kinematics of Gear Skiving S. 1829-1844

„… properties. Due to high power density and good efficiency at high transmission ratios, planetary gearboxes …” „… generate low load-dependent gear power losses, they are particularly suitable for modern drive systems. As …” „… load-dependent power losses [3]. The performance of these gears is largely determined by the tooth root strength …”

P. Romio Spur Gear Teeth Reconstruction via Direct Laser Deposition S. 1641-1664

„… , steam circuit parts of a thermal power station, marine crankshaft, dies, rails, gas turbine burner, ball …” „… mm/s Laser power 1800 W Powder feed rate 12.0 g/min Layer height 1.7 mm Deposition track width 1.8 mm …” „… test rig is based on a power loop principle to impose a constant torque over the tested gears. The …”

B. Guilbert, D. Dureisseix, P. Velex Hybrid models for the simulation of displacements and stresses in lightweight gears S. 315-328

„… , simulations have been performed on the aeronautical power transmission shown in Figure 5, which comprises a …” „… . Three FE grids denoted L (low node density), I (intermediate) and T (high) with various node densities …” „… a wind turbine gearbox using a coupled flexible multibody approach. Conf. Wind Power Drives 2015 …”

M. Brumm, D. Sari Complete machining of complex transmission parts S. 1581-1590

„… target is to increase the power density of the new transmission and to reduce the production costs. It is …”

A. Wedmann, M. Stein, K. Kniel Large gear metrology at PTB S. 1803-1820

„… energy comes from wind power. A further increase in this power generation source is nevertheless …” „… offer advantages in detecting the tooth surfaces in terms of point density, but do not yet achieve the …”

G. Devaraj Vibration reduction of planetary gear drive using mesh phasing: modelling and experimental validation S. 157-174

„… considered for the advantages of compactness, high power-to-weight ratios, high efficiency and high …” „… coefficient =0.32 and density =2600" Kg/m³" ) is connected to the internal components via 2 pairs of radial …” „… and density =7850" Kg/m³" ) that are grounded through four bushing of finite radial, axial and …”

U. Cihak-Bayr, T. Wopelka, C. Wintersteiger Effect of LOL conditions under high velocity and high injection temperatures S. 763-778

„… 1: Lubricant properties of Aeroshell500 Viscosity @ 40°C (Pa s) Viscosity @ 100°C (Pa s) Density …” „… @ 40°C (kg/m³) Density @ 100°C (kg/m³) 0.0253 0.00469 976.9999 933.0001 The transversal grinding …” „… increase has to be attributed to a larger frictional power generated due to the higher sliding velocity at …”

S.-J. Tsai, Q.-Y. Zhuang, L.-C. Chang Design and analysis of compound stepped planetary gear drives for better transmission performances S. 537-552

„… arrangement, high speed ratio and high power-density, planetary gear drives are widely used in various …” „… Pinnekamp, B., Heider, M., and Beinstingel, A, “Dynamic Behavior of Planetary Gears.” Power Transmission …”

M. Werner, S. Graf, M. Oehler, O. Koch Investigation of the electrical behavior of a spur gear stage pair by means of impedance measurements S. 67-80

„… solid-state drives. In: Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Technical Conference, 1992. Conference Record …” „… , O.: Simulation of high torque density gearbox noise excitation. In: VDI-Berichte 2389: VDI …”

G. Vasileiou, C. Vakouftsis, C. Kalligeros, V. Spitas, C. Papalexis, A. Tsolakis, P. Zalimidis Continuous prestressed reinforcement of plastic gear teeth and its effect on bending strength vs conventional reinforcement S. 1375-1388

„… . IntroductionMetallic gears are widely used in power transmissions due to their high strength and reliability. They …” „… carbon fibres. Property Value Density 1544 kg/m3Young’s modulus X direction 139.5 GPa Young’s modulus Y …”

M. Rothemund, M. Otto, K. Stahl Applicability of classic analytical calculation approaches for the design of plastic gears S. 1483-1498

„… area. The mesh density of the gear and tooth body is reduced since lower stresses occur there. In …” „… . Conclusion The design of plastic gears for transmissions for higher power levels can only be achieved by …”

S. Ebrahimi, U. Kissling, C. S. Matkovič Evaluation of the NVH Characteristics of Gear Drives with Plastic Gears by the Forced Response Analysis S. 1403-1418

„… radiated power 𝑅𝑃, as the main factor for measuring the emitted noise level from the housing`s surface to …” „… loss factor, is sound velocity, is the density of a target material which transfers the noise, e.g …”

J. Lövenich, M. Zalfen, D. Mevissen, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Crack growth based tooth root life prediction model – an influence quantity analysis S. 109-124

„… aviation, aerospace transmissions require a very high power density. On the one hand, this is achieved by …”

L. Bonaiti, M. Monti, C. Gorla, M. Geitner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl The consequences of different methodologies for the elaboration of pulsator test results with respect to the load spectrum assessment of gears S. 33-52

„… failure modes. It may cause a sudden interruption of the power flow within the gearbox and typically …” „… of the probability density function (PDF) of the fatigue limit (again, normal or sev). Here, this …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024225

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Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2018

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2328 2018

Results in this title

R. Bredtmann, M. Beck, O. Mühlfeld, K. Olesen, O. Shajarati Robust multi-chip power module for effective integration to automotive powertrains – Danfoss DCM™1000 meets future automotive requirements S. II-1-II-18

„… resources, cost, robustness and power density. Future generations of semiconductor power modules have to …” „… meet more stringent requirements: Improvement of power density …” „… joining- and housing technology. Power density can be increased, and the extra power generated can be …”

T. Grasshoff, P. Beckedahl Power module packaging technologies for silicon and silicon carbide in automotive applications – challenges and solutions S. II-19-II-30

„… support the chip area shrink and allow a higher power density. In addition the wafer diameter increased …” „… heatsink. To reduce the size and volume of inverter the power density has to be very high. This requires …” „… To increase the current density of modules the junction temperatures of power semiconductors increase …”

T. Smejkal, C. Wirth Innovative transmission topologies using the example of a P2-hybridtransmission for front-transverse applications S. I-147-I-162

„… synthesized in this way qualify excellently for transmissions with high power density in limited installation …” „… power density due to the use of planetary gear sets. High torques can be transmitted using multiple …” „… gear sets or combinations of both. Thereby, the advantages of AT (e.g. high power density with …”

H. Neurath, L. Frerichs Holistic method to find suitable drivetrain technology and architecture – How available information can be used to reduce development complexity S. III-57-III-70

„… still the most used drive technologies in mobile applications, due to their power density. Despite the …” „… controllability [1]. Current disadvantages, such as power density and component costs are weakening, due to …” „… their way into mobile applications, often due to their lower power density compared to hydraulic …”

D. Bauer, M. Alexander Loss-optimized design of a high performance electrical machine for electric and hybrid cars S. II-183-II-196

„… . Abstract Efficiency (impacting range of the car / battery costs) and continuous power are of decisive …” „… Design of a High Performance Electrical VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 2018 183 maximum continuous power can be …” „… efficiency and continuous power Different target parameters of an electrical machine are important for …”

B. Chamberlin, E. Gold HEV P2 module concepts for different transmission architectures clutch and e-motor options S. I-441-I-450

„… power density and lower NVH (with a rectangular wire, distributed wound machine) very desirable for …” „… power density, low NVH, and flexible integration. The available building blocks including clutches …” „… and E-motor Options Brad Chamberlin, BorgWarner Power Drive Systems, USA; Eckart Gold, BorgWarner …”

R. Stehr, A. Götz, M. Ciesek, S. Köpfler, M. Finsterbusch, R. Willeke Future Schaeffler CVT concepts with an innovative actuation system S. I-49-I-64

„… advantageous for a high power density of the motor. Since both actuators are pre-pressurized on both of their …” „… Power-on-Demand-Konzept mit zwei elektrohydraulischen Aktoren und einer Kühlölpumpe hinsichtlich Aktorleistungsklasse …” „… global transmission market. The power consumption of a traditional transmission oil pump represents the …”

J. van der Meer, G. Hangen, J. Uhlig The new plug-in hybrid module as an addition to the AUDI S tronic gearbox family – Design, layout and manufacture S. I-451-I-464

„… method was further developed for series production in order to meet the demand for efficiency and power …” „… density. The new plug-in hybrid module as an addition to the AUDI S tronic gearbox family Design, layout …” „… insulation at the requisite points. In this way, it is possible to facilitate a design with greater power …”

G. Hellenbroich, I. Steinberg, J. Ogrzewalla Powershift capable 2-Speed Electric Drive Unit for Light – Commercial Vehicles with Short Time to Market S. I-229-I-238

„… weight below 85 kg, this drive unit is setting a new benchmark for power density and can fulfill even …” „… either power or torque capacity). As a result, FEV has built a 2-speed electric drive unit based on dual …” „… specifications of the drive unit are shown on Fig. 2. Fig. 2: Electric drive unit with 2-speed power …”

F. Leonardi, A. Munoz, L. Guo, F. Liang, M. Degner Electric machine design approaches for electrified powertrains S. II-169-II-182

„… have high torque density, low energy loss over driving cycles, wide constant-power speed-range, and …” „… historically focused on performance enhancement and cost reduction where the key metrics are torque density …” „… trade off with other subsystems, achieving VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 2018 171 high torque and power …”

G. van Spijk, A. Klaassen, A. van der Leest, A. Brandsma, M. Tweehuysen CVT: dedicated to hybrid solutions – Setting the benchmark on all KPI’s S. I-65-I-78

„… improvements on the major key performance indicators, such as efficiency, power density and cost. For example …” „… definition for all: Vehicle: small SUV (1450 kg) Power train reference: conventional CVT Concept …” „… optimized for this vehicle category (power, ratio’s, etc.) e-machines standardized as much as possible …”

T. Gemassmer Approaches to increase efficiency and dynamics of ipmsm traction drives by optimization of control strategies S. II-85-II-102

„… as their power density, which is especially important in hybrid electric vehicles with only little …” „… power and efficiency by reducing the control reserve. The results of the described methods are …” „… the lowest possible current amplitude, which often minimizes the overall power losses in both motor …”

M. Mileti, H. Pflaum, K. Stahl TorqueLINE cone clutch: Thermo-mechanical stability of cone clutches for ATs S. I-357-I-368

„… power density and the capability of performing powershifts while still guaranteeing excellent shifting …” „… ]. Fig. 1: Drag torque (left) and drag power (right) versus differential speed of the reference …” „… friction power Q at the brake as: VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 2018 359 Q T ⋅ ω T ⋅ i ⋅ ω J ⋅ Δωt ⋅ ω (2 …”

M. Bahne, U. Frey, G. Schlager Transmission technology contribution to CO2 roadmap – a benchmark S. I-285-I-304

„… significantly higher power density, and a wide range of additional measures to improve efficiency levels …” „… power, NVH, and drivability. For example, comparing a DCT to a CVT or AT says little if the DCT is …” „… installed in a high-torque diesel vehicle and the other is installed in a low-power gasoline car; this is …”

M. Behzad, V. Saxena, M. Schaefer Thermal-hydrodynamic optimization of grooves in a wet clutch S. I-101-I-118

„… , simulations were performed under isothermal (zero heat power) and thermal conditions by STAR-CCM+ commercial …” „… tests. The heat power was applied as volumetric heat source in a solid shell located between SP and the …” „… 52.2/69.5 Density, kg/m3 800 (ATF) 7832 800 (ATF) Specific heat, J/kg-K 2220 (ATF) 434 2220 (ATF) Thermal …”

R. Buchberger, O. Grieshofer, K. Puchner, R. Sereinig System optimization of electric drives in terms of lightweight design, acoustics and efficiency by means of modern transmission simulation methods S. II-31-II-46

„… ,…) wherever it is possible. Area of conflict is for example the low power density of deep groove ball …” „… integrated eDrive systems, consisting of electric motor, power electronics and transmission. Based on …”

U. Reichert, F. Busch, S. Ott, K. Bause Potential of lightweight design of a vehicle transmission by usage of high strength steels S. I-369-I-384

„… transmission (Fig. 1 no.1) has a countershaft design. The power is transmitted from the clutch over the input …” „… transmits power. The 6-speed dual clutch transmission (Fig. 1 no. 2)) has VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 2018 371 …” „… density and volume of the substitute geometry. If the length, width or height of the transmission changes …”

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Dritev 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2420 2023

Results in this title

H. Sandquist, E. Barrientos, S. Klacar Systemized Modular Approach for Electric Drive Unit Family Development S. 89-106

„… energy density (i.e., instantaneous power integrated over time) showing at what RPM and torque levels we …” „… density and power density Ultra-high performance and ultra-low loss silicon steel sheet High voltage and …” „… density and power density Ultra-high performance and ultra-low loss silicon steel sheet High voltage and …”

J. Jung, A. Helm Manufacturing technologies for reduced AC copper losses in hairpin stators – Increasing the efficiency of electric traction machines S. 131-142

„… upper speed range and lead to a derating of the drive power. Current displacement losses in hairpin …” „… strength, c): Current density distribution at frequency 500 Hz On the way from the bottom of the slot …” „… between peak and continuous power. During peak power operation, the e-machine loss flows primarily into …”

J. Bonifacio, V. Warth, S. Scharr Optimizing sustainable high-performance e-drives S. 349-358

„… improved to 75 % of the peak power.Table 2. Key performance parametersTorque density >70 Nm/kgContinuous …” „… power density > 2.75 kW/kgPeak power density >3.7 kW/kgFig. 10. ZF high-performance e-drive with oil …” „… density. Therefore, several new innovations are put into a tool-based optimization for an 800 V e-drive …”

D. Schweigert, B. Morhard, F. Oberneder, L. Pointner-Gabriel, M. Otto, K. Stahl Speed4E: Simulative and Experimental Results on the Vibration Behavior of a High-Speed Planetary Gearbox S. 441-458

„… different aspects, the main goal was to optimize efficiency by means of an increase in the power density of …” „… ratio of 27.5. ST1 is characterized by a high power density and a compact design with a high-ratio …” „… speeds is the ability of increasing the power density of the powertrain while maintaining the same …”

J. Merckling Comparison of Efficiency of Tapered Roller Bearings and Deep Groove Ball Bearings in Electric Vehicle Intermediate Shaft Applications S. 339-348

„… efficiency  Increased power density to increase capacity-to-envelope size ratio Timken ePDFE bearings …” „… capability  Reduced overall package size as a result of increased power density that allows component system …” „… smaller, more power-dense bearing solutions. Traditional belief holds that deep groove ball bearings …”

L. Bayoux, K.-L. Kimmig, D. Reitz Has the potential in terms of weight, installation space, and function already been exhausted for hybrid transmissions? S. 205-220

„… with regard to a higher power density while using fewer resources [4]. In addition, there are other …” „… advantage of this nested design is the high power density. In addition, there is a significant reduction in …” „… advantages of this nested design are the high line density, the significant reduction in material usage of 10 …”

A. Paone, J. Larbig, A. Rohm, T. Höche ZF TherMaS: Holistic Thermal Management for BEV S. 45-60

„… with a smart cooling system enables higher power-density and allows to exceed current power limits of …” „… components In addition, ZF TherMaS enables a significantly higher inverter power density for already existing …” „… increase efficiency, every kind of optimization on the component level (e-motor, power electronics, reducer …”

S. Yan, P. Piecha, N. Hetzel Virtual Generation of Load Profiles and Spectra for Designing Electrified Vehicles – The influence of software and driving scenarios on powertrain design S. 377-390

„… sports coupe segment. The curb weight is 2200 kg, the maximum total power VDI-Berichte Nr. 2420, 2023 379 …” „… output is 250 kW. Each axle is driven by respectively one electric motor with 125 kW power output and a …” „… / 1.688 m Weight distribution front / rear 50 / 50 % Brake force distribution front / rear 2:1 Power …”

C. Gürlich, S. Demmerer, M. Winkel, K. Führer Transmission – the most underestimated part of the electric drive – Next generation transmission S. 183-196

„… gearbox makes it reliable and effi-cient, ensuring smooth power transfer. The axially parallel …” „… delivering high torque and power while maintaining low fuel consumption. Its single-stage design reduces …” „… efficient power transfer, making them ideal for use in electric vehicles. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2420, 2023 183 …”

L. Roslaniec, T. Hackl Next generation Electric Drive Units with multi-level GaN inverter for highest HV EV performance and efficiency – Comparison of 2-level and 3-level inverter topologies S. 107-114

„… damping. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2420, 2023 1071. Introduction The advent of high power and high voltage …” „… applications, emphasizing their ability to deliver superior power quality and efficiency compared to …” „… will further drive the demand for advanced power components, with GaN-based inverters set to play a …”

J. Jennings, D. Finn, T. Hunter Novel Multi-Functional Clutch Technology for EV Drivetrain Disconnects – Next Generation Disconnect with One-Way-Clutch for Automatic, and Non-Blocked Shifting S. 325-338

„… ), transmission (transaxle), power-takeoff unit (PTU), and a rear-drive-unit (RDU) containing a friction-based AWD …” „… PTU. Torque and power to the rear wheels is transferred through the PTU to the propshaft, RDU and …” „… rear halfshafts. Torque and power to the front wheels is transferred directly from the output of the …”

Y. Jin Smart eDrive – Autonomous cooling eDrive for small BEVs and P4 AWD S. 21-36

„… like WLTP or CLTC, but also in real life. On the other side, the motor power density is highly …” „… oil internally, ensuring a high level of continuous power. With this concept, a portion of the saved …” „… the small BEVs and therefore rather applied for the high end - high power BEVs. However, for the Smart …”

S. Ott, A. Braumandl, K. Bause Product-Production-CoDesign of Electric Traction Motors with Model-Based Systems Engineering S. 61-72

„… potential for significantly increasing the power density of the drive system via an appropriately designed …” „… designs of electric machines, which are constantly being optimized in terms of efficiency and power …” „… density by new manufacturing technologies. Already today, this design freedom is partly used in hybrid and …”

A. Kappes, S. Frei, P. Noone, Stephan Rinderknecht Development and Design of a Range Extended four-speed Two-Drive-Powertrain S. 253-280

„… power class [1] and the most frequently registered class was the C-segment VDI-Berichte Nr. 2420, 2023 …” „… following. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2420, 2023 255 Fig. 3: Ecological potentials of different power train concept …” „… effect, these multi-EM architectures enable operating strat-egies to distribute the required power for …”

T. Schneider, K. Völkel, K. Stahl Failure Characteristics of Wet-Clutches in Limited Slip Differentials S. 307-324

„… , have increased the power density in transmissions over the last decades [1]. Consequently, wet …” „… , there is a constant struggle between the increasing demands for power density and the need for high …” „… multi-plate clutches must also transmit more power in a comparable installation space without worsening …”

R. Fehrenbacher, P. Duck, K. Bause Ways to increase sustainability by expanding product development processes for vehicles using the example of a hybridized automated transmission S. 411-424

„… bearing, and higher power density than other E-Machines. However, building an asynchronous motor …” „… the conventional drive power in the hybrid powertrain. The battery system provides the electrical …” „… to note that the power electronics used for control must be adapted to the specific requirements of …”

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Dritev – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2020

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2373 2020

Results in this title

S. Worrall, J. Foulsham, I. Stone, T. Gassmann CeDrive – Electric drive technology for a new era – Advanced cooling and control of high-speed eDrive S. II-33-II-48

„… building blocks that will enable cost effective, ground-breaking power density and cycle efficiency of …” „… density and efficiency are the advanced cooling of the high-speed motor and the SiC power modules combined …” „… compact designs (increased power density) and to reduce the use of the expensive material (copper/rare …”

M. Deiml High speed electric drive system – A solution for the next generation E-cars S. II-49-II-62

„… capacitor size. The power density reaches 3,5 kW/kg on e-axle-system. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2373, 2020 49 …” „… Nr. 2373, 2020 51 E-Machine To reach a high-power density, a permanent magnet synchronous machine …” „… current and frequency of the eMotor and also enabling high efficiency and high power density. To achieve …”

K. Sakai, T. Kishimoto, T. Kobayashi, T. Maekawa, T. Shinohara, M. Ogawa Development of the new chain CVT for middle capacity S. I-79-I-88

„… torque density and higher efficiency, has chased to achieve high levels of environmental friendliness and …” „… density, and constantly high transmission efficiency over the overall ratio. As a result, the base …” „… rotational speed at high way by reducing overdrive ratio, furthermore, its power loss was reduced by 22 …”

P. Lück, K. Bennewitz, J. Tousen, J. Peter The front-axle drive of the MEB – Volkswagen expands the e-drive portfolio S. I-7-I-26

„… power density as well as constant power output over a wide speed range, which makes it possible to …” „… 16,000 rpm. It is characterized by high power density, high efficiency and constant power output over a …” „… total power of up to 225 kW (306 HP) distributed between both axes provides an impressive all-wheel …”

S. Reuter, H. De Keyser, M. Doppelbauer Performance study of a PMSM with molded stator and composite housing With internal slot cooling – resulting in high continuous power S. II-17-II-32

„… mechanical power. With the complete motor weighing 10.5 kg this makes a continous power density of 4.5 kW kg …” „… part counts. The high continuous power density means that compared to a more traditional motor with …” „… . Berg, M. Doppelbauer: Evaluation of an Integral Injection Molded Housing for High Power Density …”

P. Schwanemann, T. Pfund Market-driven electric motor designs from Schaeffler – Optimized electric motor design process via technology and production kits S. II-1-II-16

„… dissipation, which again has a direct influence on the reachable power density of a Wave winding e-machine …” „… higher maximum power density of Wave winding designs at bigger stator outer diameters in comparison to …” „… .: New concepts for electrical drive trains for high power density, Dritev, International VDI Congress …”

V. Null A new generation of thermal fluid technology for high performance charging of electric vehicles – How new thermal fluids can enhance battery performance in EVs S. II-97-II-108

„… satisfy the needs of people undertaking longer-range driving for whom high-power, fast charging on the go …” „… demand for increased energy density rise. More advanced thermal management schemes are appearing that …” „… intimate heat transfer. It has already been shown that immersive cooling can help to increase power and …”

A. Manelli, F. Filippo Irato, C. Cavallino, R. Gay e-FDU: Concept, develop & industrialization of a novel P4 powertrain – From concept to industrialization of a novel P4 powertrain in 24 month S. I-45-I-78

„… products that must focus on the improvement of efficiencies, power density, respect of the vehicle …” „… revolution (25000 RPM) and high power density (up to 81KW) electric motor, a gear reduction stage (first …” „… disconnectable transmissions driven by two high revolution (25000rpm) and high-power density electric motors (up …”

G. Gardner Ford MACH-E Primary Electric Drive Unit S. I-1-I-6

„… maximum power density as shown in Figure 2. To provide for efficient cooling the Mach-E PDU features an …” „… power to the wheels. For Ford’s first BEV application we have chosen a concentric transverse mounted …” „… presence strategy and a default to park feature in the event of a loss of power state. For cost …”

H. Gürbüz, S. Ott, A. Sutschet, J. Kern Highly efficient clutch system for multispeed BEV S. I-119-I-132

„… that a shiftable transmission (2-3 gears) can increase the overall efficiency and power density of the …” „… efficiency and power density,“ in 16. Internationales CTI Symposium, Berlin, 2017. [2] Gwinner, P. Stahl …” „… . Overall, there is a trend towards high-speed traction drives, which significantly increases the power …”

F. Völkel, M. Tietz, A. Schamin, S. Giehl Rolling into the future – Bearing solutions for electric mobility S. I-103-I-118

„… the greater control effort thanks to the better efficiency and power density. The synchronous motors …” „… axle development such as increasing speeds and power density as well as lowest friction and cost both …” „… elements, and current insulation with rolling bearings provides interesting solutions which allow power …”

T. Casper, G. Spengler, M. Bromberger The high-efficiency fully electric drivetrain of the new Porsche Taycan S. I-289-I-304

„… has a high efficiency and a high power density, which leads to the following effects in the Taycan …” „… : high reproducibility high continuous output longer range high power density and thus lower …” „… the Taycan, a sports car with up to 560 kW of overboost power when using Launch Control …”

A. Esser, T. Eichenlaub, S. Rinderknecht Real-driving-based comparison of the eco-impact of powertrain concepts using a data-driven optimization environment S. I-309-I-342

„… complex due to various new developments such as the synthesis of fuels from electric energy (Power …” „… -to-X), that can potentially be supplied by renewable energy power plants. Furthermore, manufacturers are …” „… operational phase, it is assumed that all fuels are synthesized via Power-to-X considering corresponding …”

F. Brezger, A. Moser Investigation and potential analysis of shiftable form-locked one-way clutches for hybrid and electric vehicles S. I-133-I-148

„… efficiency is growing in importance because of lower energy density of electrical storages among other …” „… power demands of the MMCM. The energy efficiency of a drive train in comparison to status quo is …” „… efficient operating point (no matter if utilizing combustion or electric power, including power electronics …”

B. Pohle, M. Clauß, J. R. Schwarz, E. Schwiederik, D. Lasuen Design optimization of battery systems by multiphysics simulation S. II-89-II-96

„… the design optimization of electrical connection inside and outside of the cell to reduce the power …” „… voltage level Figure 1 Bipolar Battery Aims of the technology are: Energy density on system level of …” „… lithiumion battery model based on porous-electrode theory. Journal of Power Sources, 198:329 337, 2012 [5 …”

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ELIV 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2357 2019

Results in this title

T. Grasshoff, O. Tamm Efficiency Advantages of SiC in Electric Drive Train Applications S. 169-176

„… ceramics offer limited thermal conductivity compared to the 3-4 more higher power density of SiC devices …” „… has been upgraded to Si3N4 substrate vs. Al2O3 to compensate for the higher power density of the …” „… demanding than for IGBT due to higher chip temperatures, higher power density and lower leakage inductance …”

A. Kashyap, A. Gendron-Hansen, D. Sdrulla, B. Odekirk The Transition of EV Applications from Silicon to Silicon Carbide – Helping the power electronics design community overcome reliability challenges for EV applications that use silicon carbide S. 177-188

„… The Transition of EV Applications from Silicon to Silicon Carbide Helping the power electronics …” „… of long-term goals and strategies. This paper will explore EV high-power application requirements …” „… high-power applications [1]. A high blocking voltage, a high current handling due to the drain contact on …”

F. Graf, S. Baensch, T. Knorr, D. Ellmer, C. Marechal 48 Volt High Power: Electric Drive for Excellent CO2 Emissions & Electric Driving Features S. 153-168

„… hybrid, and characterized by compact design with a very high power density. At the same time, the system …” „… topologies, High Power and Torque density, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine, Embedded PCB inverter, Cost …” „… ’ Electric Drive. Its compact design with a very high-power density flexibly allows the integration into a P …”

F. Rennig, J. Barthel, M. Sanza, D. Tagliavia CAN FD Light – A novel communication bus supporting digitalization and customization of automotive lighting for the broad market S. 567-580

„… semiconductor switch with built-in protection and diagnostic capability (Smart High Side Driver) provides power …” „… to the load by connecting the vehicle power supply with the light. For each light function a …” „… . 2357, 2019568 Rear LightsBCM SBC Power Mngm Phys. Layer Microcontroller Power output Power output Sm …”

T. Bürger, Kunal Goray, F. Berg, W. Resende Modular DC-DC converter for high-performance fuel-cell systems in trucks and buses S. 189-200

„… , Dissertation - Interleaved Conversion Techniques for High Density Power Supplies, MIT 1992 [7] Okura …” „… is the requirement of 800V output voltage in addition to the power level which is 2-3 times higher …” „… intended to be flexible so that it can be customized for different power levels and also operating …”

P. Gesner, F. Kirschbaum, F. Landenberger, J. Scheiffele, L. Morawietz, B. Bäker Modeling and identification of electrochemical energy storage for drive train development – Review and evaluation S. 101-114

„… energies and particularly the high efficiency of their drive trains. The power losses no longer occur …” „… such as energy density, charging time and lifespan in the center of current driving technologies. A …” „… evident, that ─ even for particularly dynamic loads of batteries in drive trains with low electric power …”

M. Kleinkes, W. Pohlmann, C. Wilks Boost Safety & Styling for vehicle lighting – Individualization and new Functionalities S. 551-566

„… pixels, respectively. With higher pixel density and total number of one HDSSL the PWM generation is …” „… efficient way balancing the costs between computational power, flexibility and memory footprint for the …” „… into account. For example, for thermal reasons and due to the lack of space, the LED power driver …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023570

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LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2361 2019

Results in this title

S. Pfaffmann, F. de Moraes Boos, N. Tarasinski, V. Kegel Swarm Unit – Development of a Fully Electric Agricultural Machine with External Power Supply S. 401-408

„… agricultural system with an unmatched level of power density, by both increasing the installed power and …” „… developed with the goal of obtaining a huge increase in power density. The resulting Swarm Unit represents …” „… Swarm Unit Development of a Fully Electric Agricultural Machine with External Power Supply S …”

M. Hinrichs, P. Pickel, R. Isermann Model-Based Chiptuning Detection of Diesel Engines S. 1-8

„… unusual to increase the engine power with aftermarket parts. An increase in engine power, often referred …” „… often used to improve the power of machines at the expense of manufacturers and the environment. Since …” „… [1], but diesel engines can still be increased in power by "man-in-the-middle" tuning …”

S. Igl, G. Grommer, M. Auer, K. Grad Power Trains, Electric Drives and Mobile Hydraulics S. 135-144

„… of the tractor-truck combination, power density, acceptable soil compaction, limits on tire sizes and …” „… successful measures have been taken by the tractor industry to increase power density and reduce the …” „… transmission-ratio range that is as flexible as possible. High-speed asynchronous motors with high power density …”

T. Herlitzius, H. Fichtl, A. Grosa, M. Henke, M. Hengst Feldschwarm – Modular and Scalable Tillage Systems with Shared Autonomy S. 409-420

„… density of electronically controlled tractor engines, power shift gearboxes and CVT technology, which …” „… , 2019416 energy supply via a high voltage cable it is possible to deliver extremely higher power density …” „… addition, the interfaces for mechanical connection, power transmission and data transfer need to be …”

R. Himmelsbach, J. Pohlenz, K. Grad eCVT for Tractors – Continuously Variable Driving and Electric Power for Implement Drives S. 127-134

„… : High power density Compact standardized transmission modules Cost-effectiveness due to modular …” „… disadvantage of lower power density. In order to reduce this disadvantage, a higher speed level is used than …” „… eCVT for Tractors Continuously Variable Driving and Electric Power for Implement Drives …”

P. Munch Predictive Feed-Rate Control for Combine Harvesters S. 545-552

„… experience-based density estimation provide a predicted amount of biomass. In addition, the determination of the …” „… yield, crop volume and machine load. This estimates the crop density and the yield-MOG ratio based on …” „… considered with higher density. Finally, the Sensor Fusion component calculates a precise biomass prediction …”

M. Hammer, M. Steffan Modular Multi-Purpose Battery Storage System for complex compartments – New module design approach for maximzing benefits of work machines S. 391-400

„… volumetric energy density must be maximised in order to achieve long operating times and a large utilizable …” „… density of new developments is also of great importance for minimizing the empty mass and maximizing the …” „… cells of the 18650 or 2170 format. The energy density of the small-format Li-Ion cells shows a …”

M. Sax, R. Latsch, T. Anken, V. Moser, P. Krummenacher Automated site-specific overseeding of grassland S. 165-228

„… a Radar signature in the frequency domain – the Power Spectral Density PSD. The Spray quality …” „… diagram of the Radar VDI-Berichte Nr. 2361, 2019200 The FFT – the Power Spectral Density PSD of the …” „… so called beat signal • which is transformed in the frequency domain resulting in a power density …”

L. Levato, C. De Marco, P. Tamamidis, G. Monacelli, S. Panunzio Development of a compact After-Treatment System for agricultural tractors S. 295-304

„… the whole wide range of products, from the low power density range where the space available is good …” „… enough for the ATS volume required, up to the high-power density range where the space available is …” „… the demanding performance required by the market. To pursue this target, alternative power solutions …”

M. Trimmel, P. Riegler-Nurscher, R. Streimelweger Broadband SHF Radar measurements for soil moisture estimation in the range between 1 and 18 GHz S. 347-354

„… density [8]. In this study a comparison of the magnitude of influence between soil properties and radio …” „… channel. During all experiments the emitted signal waveform and power (20 mW) of the VNA was kept …” „… used. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2361, 2019348 The power harrow test bench, as presented in [9], makes it …”

X. Tian, A. Vacca, S. Fiorati, F. Pintore An Analysis of the Energy Consumption in the High-Pressure System of an Agricultural Tractor through Modeling and Experiment S. 9-18

„… high-pressure hydraulic system that powers the steering, and the hydraulic remotes. This paper describes the …” „… effort done at the Maha Fluid Power Research Center, in collaboration with CNH Industrial, aimed at …” „… simulation results of the whole hydraulic circuit allow performing a break down analysis of all the power …”

A. Lajunen Development of a tire-soil interaction model for agricultural tractors S. 47-56

„… that seldom have a fully suspended chassis. Recently, due to the increased computational power …” „… , structure, moisture content, density, porosity, etc.) in order to accurately model the tire-soil …” „… included [11]. Recently, due to the increased computational power, complex physics-based methodologies …”

G. Pasch, G. Jacobs, G. Hopfner, J. Berroth Multi-Domain Simulation for the Assessment of the NVH Behaviour of a Tractor with Hydrostatic-Mechanical Power Split Transmission S. 19-28

„… Hydrostatic-Mechanical Power Split Transmission G. Pasch, M.Sc., Prof. Dr.-Ing. G. Jacobs, G. Höpfner, M.Sc …” „… behaviour of a tractor with hydrostatic mechanical power split transmission (PST) within the product …” „… discussed and an outlook on future work is given. 1. Introduction Hydrostatic mechanical power split …”

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