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LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2361 2019

Results in this title

S. Pfaffmann, F. de Moraes Boos, N. Tarasinski, V. Kegel Swarm Unit – Development of a Fully Electric Agricultural Machine with External Power Supply S. 401-408

„… Swarm Unit Development of a Fully Electric Agricultural Machine with External Power Supply S …” „… power dense Swarm Units, which can take advantage of the GridCON technology. The development of such a …” „… power dense Swarm Unit is the content of this publication. The underlaying work was funded by the …”

C. Gentz, G. Jacobs, C. Wyrwich, J. Munch, M. Marsel, M. Lindner, T. Herlitzius Electric mechanic power split PTO for implements S. 119-126

„… power to be installed, so that smaller and more cost-effective units can be used. Furthermore, compact …” „… main operating range. The unit is mounted in a CAT 3 suitable frame. This frame also carries the power …” „… Electric mechanic power split PTO for implements Christian Gentz, M.Sc., Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing …”

T. Herlitzius, H. Fichtl, A. Grosa, M. Henke, M. Hengst Feldschwarm – Modular and Scalable Tillage Systems with Shared Autonomy S. 409-420

„… configuration using the power-generator unit or an external electrical energy source. Module relationships and …” „… automation level already has the performance of an autonomous unit utilizing the traction and power supply …” „… machine concepts can consist of a tractor with an intelligent and modular (tillage) unit and/or autonomous …”

R. Himmelsbach, J. Pohlenz, K. Grad eCVT for Tractors – Continuously Variable Driving and Electric Power for Implement Drives S. 127-134

„… power electronics replace the previous hydrostatic units. 2 electric motors (integrated in flywheel …” „… eCVT for Tractors Continuously Variable Driving and Electric Power for Implement Drives …” „… (CVT) with hydrostatic-mechanical power splitting enable a decoupling of the engine operating point for …”

G. Molari, M. Mattetti, M. Varani, F. Paolini, S. Fiorati, P. Mancinelli, K. Štefek, C. Di Dio Field performance of Trelleborg PneuTrac tyres S. 57-62

„… test PT STD Engine nominal power [kW] 85 Total static mass [kg] 7380 Front axle static mass [%] 46 …” „… Trelleborg PneuTrac 480/65R28@0.4bar Continental AC65 480/65R28@1bar Transmission Semi power-shift, 16 …” „… loading unit and the drawbar load was adjusted to the desired level by adjusting the throttle and the …”

S. A. Duppong, M. Kuhl, O. Delvaux Production System Optimization with Electrified Powertrain S. 421-426

„… transmission (IVT™) with the integrated ability to offboard electrical power to implements. The Joskin slurry …” „… transmission from John Deere is designed to meet the increasing power demands in tractors. The ‘e’ stands for …” „… transmission. Fig. 1 illustrates how two electric machines replace the traditional hydrostatic unit. Since …”

G. Pasch, G. Jacobs, G. Hopfner, J. Berroth Multi-Domain Simulation for the Assessment of the NVH Behaviour of a Tractor with Hydrostatic-Mechanical Power Split Transmission S. 19-28

„… Hydrostatic-Mechanical Power Split Transmission G. Pasch, M.Sc., Prof. Dr.-Ing. G. Jacobs, G. Höpfner, M.Sc …” „… behaviour of a tractor with hydrostatic mechanical power split transmission (PST) within the product …” „… discussed and an outlook on future work is given. 1. Introduction Hydrostatic mechanical power split …”

D. Peitsmeyer Hydraulics in electrified machines – Electrification needs high efficiency S. 145-152

„… , heavy unit. It is difficult to imagine an electromechanical drive for each cylinder. Ball rolling …” „… with gear and spindle for each linear drive. Since every linear drive is operated at high power, this …” „… power must be installed directly on the mechanics, even if all drives are never operated at high power …”

J. G. Wiecha, H. Bernhardt, T. Bogel, T. Herlitzius Reducing draft force on mounted implements by an electrified traction roller – Traction assistance on a slurry-injecting grubber S. 495-502

„… application units will rise as well. Nowadays, semi-liquid manure and digestives from biogas crops are …” „… soil. With the development and testing of an application unit with reduced working width, the draft …” „… kind of mounted implements must be driven forward. Newer progression in power electronics makes …”

M. Sax, R. Latsch, T. Anken, V. Moser, P. Krummenacher Automated site-specific overseeding of grassland S. 165-228

„… tractor. We used the Tegra K1 (NVIDIA, Santa Clara, United States of America) as data processing unit …” „… placed in front of the tractor, a data processing unit on the tractor and an adapted pneumatic seeder …” „… enough to avoid seed blockage inside the hoses. The electronic power driver of the valve actuator has …”

R. Schildroth Design and Development of an Autonomous Mower for Agricultural Use S. 153-158

„… mechanical power, drive transmission, electrical system, control system, obstacle detection sensors …” „… control, the Redshield Consulting Autonomy Electric Control Unit (ECU) was utilized. The ECU features an …” „… determined by RTK-GPS, aided by an Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) for roll and pitch orientation. A stereo …”

S. Liljenberg, M. Frederiksen, T. H. Langer Methods to evaluate steering performance of agricultural tractors S. 29-34

„… Frederiksen, Dr. Thomas H. Langer, Danfoss Power Solutions, Nordborg, Denmark Abstract Surveys reveal …” „… when developing and testing a new improved hydraulic orbital steering unit. The biometric measurements …” „… show an 11- 16% reduction of steering effort of the new hydraulic steering unit compared to a standard …”

T. Fedde, M. Peeters, R. Stirnimann Soil pressure and pulling behavior of standard and half-track tractor chassis concepts S. 35-46

„… the other as half-track version. Both tractors have the same configuration of engine-power and …” „… measurement by second tractor with Cultivator Both tractors were tested for correct engine power rating by …” „… a PTO power test to ensure equal input power in the tests. Table 1 shows the configurations of the …”

D. Engelmann, S. Becker, R. Stirnimann Transferring agricultural machines from field to the laboratory for emission check S. 479-488

„… simulated by an adapted load unit for the power take-outs. So, this type of testing application is already …” „… difficult to impress on the units under test. These influences on the emissions could be considered when a …” „… needed to meet the power requirements of mobile machines [4]. The load of possible implements is often …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIV

„… with Hydrostatic-Mechanical Power Split Transmission …” „… � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 29 S. Liljenberg, M. Frederiksen, T. H. Langer, Danfoss Power Solutions, Nordborg, Denmark f Tyres …” „… , Kaiserslautern f Drives Electric mechanic power split PTO for implements …”

H. Vennemann, M. van den Boom, H. Hecheltjen Mobile intelligence for LEMKEN equipment – A retrofittable intelligent hardware generates additional value for various agricultural implements S. 433-438

„… (electronic control unit), with integrated DGPS receiver, and integrated GSM module. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2361 …” „… tractor. The electrical power supply to the system, as well as data communication between the tractor and …” „… disc harrows and power harrows. However, its application is not limited to new LEMKEN implements. The …”

M. Hinrichs, P. Pickel, R. Isermann Model-Based Chiptuning Detection of Diesel Engines S. 1-8

„… unusual to increase the engine power with aftermarket parts. An increase in engine power, often referred …” „… often used to improve the power of machines at the expense of manufacturers and the environment. Since …” „… unit (ECU) cannot prevent this. Direct access to the ECU will be prevented in the future by encryption …”

V. Stocklin, M. Zimmer Development of future machine concepts for the needsbased fertilisation of individual plants – The RAUCH MultiRate dosing system for pneumatic spreaders AERO GT and AERO X S. 447-454

„… resolution of 1- 1.2m via 30 individual metering units driven by 48V electric motors. The potential savings …” „… cluster of 5 controllers. A dedicated 48V on-board generator with battery and power management is …” „… supplying the necessary 3000W electric power for the 30 drives. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2361, 2019 451 Fig. 4 …”

M. Hammer, M. Steffan Modular Multi-Purpose Battery Storage System for complex compartments – New module design approach for maximzing benefits of work machines S. 391-400

„… machines, in which the drive unit (engine with clutch and exhaust aftertreatment) occupies the larger …” „… volume than the energy storage unit (e.g. diesel tank), this is vice versa for electrified machines. As …” „… further cooling components - Taps for power and communication Fig. 5: Module with liquid heat …”

M. Ehrl, G. Happich Advanced On-board Electronics Architecture with Automotive Ethernet S. 107-112

„… 11783‐2 IBBC Rear ISO 11783‐2 Main Vehicle Control Unit Armrest MFA Ligh ng Control Panel Connec …” „… further capabilities in order to enable data driven approaches. Besides the growth of computing power …” „… single nodes and a switch as interconnection unit between the nodes. Automotive Ethernet is designed to …”

L. Levato, C. De Marco, P. Tamamidis, G. Monacelli, S. Panunzio Development of a compact After-Treatment System for agricultural tractors S. 295-304

„… the demanding performance required by the market. To pursue this target, alternative power solutions …” „… the whole wide range of products, from the low power density range where the space available is good …” „… enough for the ATS volume required, up to the high-power density range where the space available is …”

J. L‘Heureux Four-Tracked Solution for Large Row Crop Tractors S. 305-310

„… higher drawbar power at lower speeds and do so in soil conditions ranging from dry sandy to high moisture …” „… travel versus two track machines which depend on increasing power and/or differential speed on the axle …” „… each of the track units that was proportional to the operating front and rear axle weight of the …”

G. Bombarda, T. Maxeiner Remotely Controlled Electro-Hydraulics ready for the IoT S. 289-294

„… All these sensors are connected to the integrated electronic control unit present under the …” „… imolemented. Power-on-demand boost pump Until today the boost pump in the closed loop has the assignments …”

D. Smart, V. Brill High Speed ISOBUS, an AEF Project for next generation Ag networking S. 91-106

„… experiences. Digital cameras could be integrated as a completely independent infrastructure with power …” „… bandwidth, latency, connectivity, and power, various communications technologies were analyzed with respect …” „… Electronic Control Unit (ECU) will connect to an Ethernet Switch (SW), which could of course be integrated …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023617

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LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2427 2023

Results in this title

C. Nöß, J. Weller A Fuel Cell Tractor in Operation – Concepts and Field Data S. 39-48

„… designed power distribution unit (PDU) wherein all high voltage components are attached to the DC link. A …” „… neglecting those with small power, two units are defined in Fig. 4. The “Energy Unit” as the abstracted …” „… “Energy Unit” side, the battery discharge power, as mentioned before, should be kept below 70 kW and the …”

F. Wohlfahrt, P. Heymann Potentials of Functional-electrified System Topologies for the Powertrain Design on Combine Harvester Applications S. 341-348

„… , chopping unit) as well as the grounddrive can be grouped as “high-power-application”, demanding a maximal …” „… power-management a stand-alone-system consisting out of an electrical motor-generator-unit, an energy-storage …” „… power harvesting applications is a major challenge in the development tasks of modern AG-engineering …”

C. Mayer, T. Eberhart, K. Huber, J. Karner Fuel cell electric tractor powered with biogenic hydrogen – Vehicle design and architecture S. 57-62

„… battery packs and a battery power distribution unit (BDU) with battery management system (BMS) and located …” „… entrance. The e-Drive is connected and fused together with the electrified auxiliary units to the power …” „… tractor with electrified auxiliary units based on an existing diesel-powered standard tractor with …”

J. Konrad, C. Varlese, C. Junger, R. Krizan, P. Hofmann Fuel cell electric powertrain for the agricultural tractor – FCTRAC: development, performance, and benchmarking S. 49-56

„… coupled to the power distribution unit (PDU) by DC/DCs. The voltage of the PDU is fixed at 400-V-level due …” „… with always optimal drivability for transport tasks to the propulsion of auxiliary units at a …” „… power (DC) from high-purity hydrogen and ambient air, cleaned through an active carbon filter, releasing …”

M. Müter, S. Maesing, H. Mählmann-Dunker, W. Timmer FF Prepare for Autonomy Necessity and implementation of a smart transportation concept for autonomous agricultural machines S. 513-518

„… drawbar. Fig. 1: Autonomous combined powers machine combination (traction unit with implement) coupled …” „… Powers, these were not yet provided as an option. The next generation of autonomous units was equipped …” „… the field. This requires the availability of a second person. Also, the Combined Powers project was …”

L. Angelucci, M. Mattetti, F. Pinet, A. Vertua Traction test methods to assess the energy efficiency of agricultural tractors and tires S. 263-268

„… unit. In the first procedure, the braking unit was driven at a fixed speed and the pulling tractor …” „… tractor was driven at a fixed speed and the braking unit reduced its speed in different levels thus …” „… quantified as the pulling power available at the drawbar compared to that provided by the engine, this …”

C. Richard Innovative drivetrain concept for a high horsepower 4WD CVT tractor S. 269-274

„… surveys, the machine power as well as the maximum vehicle weight for field use are determined. Based on …” „… these data, a driveline kit is engineered, which can be used for large tractors in the power range from …” „… of the maximum power continues to increase and reaches powers well above 450kW. To meet both trends …”

B.-G. Hülle, S. Böttinger, M. Racs, T. Schempp Design and development of adaptive control elements on agricultural tractors based on ISOBUS communications S. 275-282

„… tractor and, for example, for transmitting power via the PTO, have been standardised in the past in …” „… , displays and control units. In addition, the system can store data or forward it to a management system …” „… primarily aimed at implements that use Power Beyond [13] and communicate via ISOBUS. However, it is backward …”

J. Rieck, F. Behrendt, F. Gerdes, L. Frerichs Potential uses of bioenergy in the mobility sector and agricultural machinery S. 433-440

„… plant by using a small combined heat and power unit or purchased externally. Due to the highest biogas …” „… compressed after the upgrading process. In the simulation this is done by a three-stage compression unit with …” „… assumed to be 2.5 [3]. The combined energy demand of the three-stage compressor unit, the refrigerating …”

J. Vanlerberghe, Y. Li, D. Jongmans, T. Mahieu, B. Missotten Automatic Closed-Loop Chop Quality Control Based on Camera Images on a Combine Harvester S. 131-138

„… harvester, we have measured chopper power consumption differences of 100kW between minimum and maximum …” „… chopping action, which corresponds to 20% of the total engine power available. So clearly there is a …” „… trade-off and potential for optimization. Reducing chop quality will free up power, which can be reinvested …”

J. Engström, A. Örde, A. Hägglund, J. Jansson, L. Johansson, H. Andersson Modular battery swap system as an enabler for fossil free mobile work machines S. 313-320

„… electric power drivelines and by the very low greenhouse gas emissions and environmental impact in the …” „… high at large power output, which places demands on components and cabling. The battery pack contains …” „… battery modules, BMS, contactors and the battery contacts are power-less as long as the battery pack is …”

M. Hengst, T. Herlitzius, H. Fichtl, I. Mai, K. Ludwig Field Tests with the Modular and Scalable Tillage Systems Feldschwarm S. 555-XXII

„… self-propelled units with standard tractors. This machine system was tested for more than five weeks in the area …” „… of tillage under various field and environmental conditions. The self-propelled unit worked together …” „… with the tractor-drawn unit driven by different tractors and working autonomously using the ISOBUS2 …”

A. Lajunen Numerical simulation of alternative powertrains and fuels in agricultural tractors S. 29-38

„… tractor with the rated power of 225 kW. The developed tractor models were configured using the Autonomie …” „… . Component Diesel Natural gas Hydrogen Engine max power 225 kW, max torque 1154 Nm max power 225 …” „… kW, max torque 1276 Nm max power 225 kW, max torque 1433 Nm Transmission 8 …”

C. Schaub, R. Schütte Performance optimization of CVT standard tractors in front loading application S. 21-28

„… the hydrostatic units is required. [Legner] This results in the development of special CVT-gearbox for …” „… transmissions. The transmission input power is divided into a mechanical and hydrostatic path in a double …” „… the hydrostatic units are in contradiction of the requirement for easy retrofittability. Therefore …”

R. Konradt, S. Schmidt Design of an adjustable lightweight stilt tractor – Concept tractor for the application of biological control in maize S. 289-294

„… launcher is a compact electric attachment with an independent control unit [3]. This is due to its current …” „… : Functional model on a vehicle trailer The required power is supplied by a compact, liquid cooled …” „… frame when cornering. Additionally, this valve unit can be used as an auxiliary steering system for …”

H. Keränen, M. Gorius, J. Witte, T. Nothdurft AEF Wireless In-Field communication – Ad hoc V2V Video Communications S. 379-388

„… Valtra tractors, both 3.4m highFig. 3: SATEL MCCU-TB (Mission-CriticalConnectivity Unit-Test Bed)The …” „… power on the router was measured to maximum 20dBm (100mW).Fig. 2: The field test was carried out withtwo …” „… router supports 2x2 MIMO. The antennas used are PCTEL Omnidirectional antennas with3dB gain. Output power …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XX

„… Reduce Power Consumption 1X. Tian, R. P. Jenkins, CNH Industrial America LLC, Burr Ridge, IL, USA; J …” „… combinations of highly automated implements and traction units 175A. Grever, M. Kreyenhagen, Maschinenfabrik …” „… – Applied on a comparison of constant electrical power supply and battery swapping 349L. Buck, Institute of …”

B. Marx, A. S. Herrmann Quo Vadis bale twine? S. 483-488

„… magnetic bicomponent fiber.  Power and design of the induction unit. The authors assume that with further …”

S. Bosse, J. Magnusson, E. L. Wisotzky, A. Hilsmann, P. Eisert, E. Gassen, M. Reichardt, A. Stein, J. Heil, M. Hussaini Platform-Based and AI-Enabled Farming to Foster Agricultural Ecosystems S. 441-454

„… RobotMakers) is used. It equips the vehicle with a LiDAR, GPS, and a computing unit, enabling autonomous …” „… power lift, towing pendulum, and rear. Over the vegetation periods, data is collected in passes over …” „… . To transfer data to a cloud or a separate local data storage unit, NaLamKI uses 5G. Given the limited …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024270

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41. Internationales Wiener Motorensymposium 22.-24. April 2020

Bernhard Geringer (ed.), Hans-Peter Lenz (ed.)

Series: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Volume 813 2020

Results in this title

E. Kimura, K. Aikawa, D. Yasuda, H. Saeki, T. Brachmann, S. Barth Herausforderung einer nachhaltigen Dekarbonisierung des Mobilitatssektors und der Gesellschaft: Honda's Multi-Pathway Konzept mit elektrifizierten Antriebstechnologien Challenge for Sustainable Carbon... S. I-151-I-170

„… Electrified Power Unit Technologies Herausforderung einer nachhaltigen Dekarbonisierung des …” „… units, not only in automotive area, but motorcycle, power products and jet for aviation. To targeting …” „… allocation of energy carriers and power units both in transportation and everyday lives with extensive …”

T. Hamatani, T. Uehara, K. Akimoto, T. Hayashi, H. Kitadani, T. Aoki, K. Yamanaka, Y. Nishikawa, T. Okochi, M. Kanehara Neuentwicklung des Hybridsystems für die Kompaktklasse/New Development of Hybrid System for Compact Car S. II-1-II-15

„… was reconstructed. Engine, transaxle with motors, power control unit(PCU) and battery are developed …” „… system was developed to balance high output power and miniaturization of each unit to achieve high …” „… , each unit was developed to be lightweight even though it is high output power for achieving good …”

M. Alt, F. Gouzonnat, P. Ramminger, R. Matthe, L. K. Cloos Die Multi-Energy Platform des Opel Corsa: rein elektrisch, Benzinoder Dieselantrieb /The Multi Energy Platform of the Opel Corsa: Pure Electric, Gasoline or Diesel Propulsion S. I-203-I-224

„… unit inverter, onboard charge unit, air condition and heat-pump compressor and auxiliary power unit. A …” „… characteristics discussed for a BEV, it may become more important than what used to be the power figure of a …” „… Reduction gear, e-Motor with Inverter, On Board Charger with DC/DC and electronic control unit plus …”

R. Golisano, V. Rampino, A. Vassallo, N. P. Sacco, L. Magro, G. D'Aurizio, S. Trimboli, A. G. Marino, V. Biasin, I. Zallio, R. Vernassa, J. Wartha, D. Kaminski Der neue General Motors 1.5 Liter Diesel 3-Zylinder-Motor/The New General Motors 1.5 Liter Diesel 3-Cylinder Engine S. II-149-II-185

„… Fuel Injection Solenoid 2000 bar w/ unit-pump Charging VGT EGR HP-EGR (uncooled) + LP-EGR (cooled …” „… combustion and EGR systems, the active thermal management, the engine control unit and the emission reduction …” „… torque at low rpm was given higher priority than the rated power with the objective to favour …”

Z. J. Sroka, Z. Sadlak Einhaltung der CO2-Emissionsnormen als Herausforderung für eine thermische Aktivierung der Verbrennungskammern in Verbrennungsmotoren /CO2 Emission Standards as a Challenge for the Thermal Activation ... S. II-512-II-543

„… 2 emissions than the diffusion of HEVs(9). In the United Kingdom, the impact of increased power …” „… coal-fired power generation, and that in the United Kingdom the emission factor of the marginal power supply …” „… power plant capacity (as in the United Kingdom), so the marginal power supply will be nuclear power …”

R. Schlögl Kohlenstoff als zukünftiger Energieträger/Carbon as a Future Energy Carrier S. II-90-II-113

„… ” renewable electricity for applications outside of the genuine power sector become eliminated. This opens …” „… relies only at electricity that can be transported in power lines (local). In central Europe the …” „… on the unit of analysis describing a single car or a fleet of cars. This attitude currently hampers …”

D. Song, W. Happenhofer, Z. Yuan, Y. Cui, Z. Zhang, D. Wang 1,5 T - Modulare Motorplattform mit hoher Effizienz/1.5T High Thermal Efficiency Modular Engine Platform S. II-186-II-201

„… has the same main structure to achieve different power configurations, while meeting the requirements …” „… integrated exhaust manifold, split cooling, variable displacement oil pump. Maximum power is 120kw and …” „… satisfies the China 6b emission requirements, retains high power, but also further reduces fuel consumption …”

H. Karacali, O. Senturk Remote-Testautomatisierungssystem/Remote Test Automation System (RTAS) S. II-342-II-349

„… requirements (security, power, network, sub equipment, etc.). For those reasons it is difficult to have access …” „… to the testing equipment for Electronic Control Unit (ECU) testing (e.g. functional test before the …” „… (power, network, sub-equipment, etc.). Therefore, access to this equipment is difficult for testers …”

S. Kweon, J. J. Park, S. H. Kim Der wasserstoffbetriebene Bus und LKW von Hyundai Motor Company/The Hydrogen-Powered Bus and Truck from Hyundai Motor Company S. II-233-II-245

„… fuel cell trucks in Switzerland in the near future. The fuel cell power of heavy duty vehicles is 190 …” „… kw, two NEXO systems. So even though one of systems has problem, the other one can still make power …” „… amount of supplying hydrogen from tanks into the fuel cell stack depends on the requested power …”

N. Andrisani, F. Contarin, A. Lorenzon, M. Nencioni, M. Scassa, F. Mallamo, T. Korfer, H. Busch Innovative Ventiltriebe als Beitrag zur Erfullung zukunftiger Emissionsanforderungen im Stadtbetrieb /Novel Valvetrain Design as Enabler for Compliance with Upcoming Stringent Emission Demands in Urba... S. I-285-I-310

„… catalyst always has to act in an active way – with power consumption – to support the exhaust gas …” „… Enginecc Displacement ~ 2,3 L Max Power ~ 112 kW Max Torque 370+ Nm EGR Cooled HP EGR - Turbocharger 1 …” „… description The Eaton VVA system is composed by the following main items: 1. SRFF 2. Actuation unit 3 …”

H. Kitadani, R. Kaneda, S. Mizoguchi, Y. Shinohara, J. Takeuchi Der neue 1.5 Liter Benzinmotor aus der TNGA (Toyota New Global Architecture) Reihe /The New 1.5 L Gasoline Engine from the TNGA (Toyota New Global Architecture) Series S. I-71-I-97

„… -cylinder engine combines a higher specific power with lower fuel consumption while meeting exhaust gas …” „… technologies, including D-4 injection system (on the conventional variant) resulted in a specific power of 61 …” „… . Figure 3: Target for thermal efficiency and specific power 2.3 Downsizing The new GA-B platform has …”

M. Bell, S. Kollamthodi, N. Hill, A. Greaney Die „Net-Zero-Herausforderung“ - Auswirkungen der Lebenszyklusanalyse auf Antriebssystemtechnologien, Lieferketten und die regulatorische Landschaft /The Net Zero Challenge - Life Cycle Impacts on Pro... S. I-171-I-190

„… ; (5) Inverter, Boost converter, Power control unit, Wiring harness, Regenerative braking system, HVAC …” „… that functional units are linked to the goals. At present, specific targets for individual vehicle …” „… and power density are expected in Li-ion chemistries. Although this does not necessarily represent …”

K. Hwang, C. Yu, B. Min, Y. Kim, D. Lee, K. Ha, D. Chae, J. Yi Der neue Smartstream 1.0L DI-Turbo Ottomotor von Hyundai-Kia/The New Hyundai-Kia's Smartstream 1.0L Turbo GDi Engine S. I-121-I-150

„… the internal combustion engine as main power source. Therefore pure electric vehicles that are not …” „… operating conditions to improve fuel efficiency as a whole without lack of engine power. However, even …” „… is well contributing in low load area, but limited at high loads to ensure sufficient power required …”

M. Kollmeier, U. Schulmeister Modulare und skalierbare Systemintegration fur Elektrofahrzeuge: BENTELER und BOSCH entwickeln Plattform fur Elektromobilitat weiter /Modular and Scalable System Integration for Electric Vehicles: BEN... S. I-191-I-202

„… . Stecker und eine eigene Power Distribution Unit entwickelt. Die VCU übernimmt die komplette …” „… Subsysteme Vehicle Control Unit, eAchse, Integriertes Bremssystem, Elektromechanische Servolenkung …” „… mechatronischen Subsysteme und Komponenten beschrieben. Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) Als zentrales Steuergerät …”

A. Sauer, M. Lenz, F.-W. Speckens, M. Stapelbroek, J. Ogrzewalla Hochleistungsbatterie fur Hybridfahrzeuge der Premiumklasse/High-Performance Battery for Premium Class Hybrid Vehicles S. I-350-I-367

„… Herausforderungen. Bei der Entwicklung einer „low cost – high power“ Batterie für ein Hybridfahrzeug der …” „… Montage eines Zellpakets auf dem T-Träger Sensorverkabelung sowie Slave-Units werden in diesem Konzept …” „… den Slave-Units über die Busbars. Die Modulabdeckung, siehe Abbildung 9 (oben), übernimmt somit …”

N. Molden, J. Hobday, R. Lofthouse Absicherung der Einhaltung der Emissionsgrenzwerte durch unabhängige Testorganisationen /Managing Reputation and Emissions Compliance through Independent Testing S. II-402-II-414

„… testing can take many forms, and even can be done – as in the US – by a unit of a regulator, as in the …” „… and N1 with power/weight >44W/kg) • Certified prior to Euro 6d-temp. Tests must be conducted …” „… . Specifically, the boundary conditions are… Condition Unit Minimum value (inclusive) Maximum value …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-I-I-X

„… Carbon Free Mobility and Society: Honda's Multi-Pathways Approaching Concept with Electrified Power …” „… Unit Technologies 151 – 170 Dr. M. Bell, S. Kollamthodi, N. Hill, A. Greaney, Ricardo plc …”

T. Pauer, H. Weller, E. Schünemann, H. Eichlseder, P. Grabner, K. Schaffer H2 ICE für zukünftige PKWs und leichte Nutzfahrzeuge/H2 ICE for Future Passenger Cars and Light Commercial Vehicles S. II-246-II-263

„… low and high engine speed to simulate 2-stage TC concept Engine control unit Prototype Tabelle 2 …” „… 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 Specific Power / kW/L 30 60 90 120 B M EP / b ar 0 4 8 12 16 …” „… 12 16 20 24 28 n / min–1 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 Specific Power / kW/L 30 60 90 120 …”

P. Kapus, R. Ellinger, E. Bogner, G. Schrank, G. Teuschl, C. Sams, W. Prochazka, G. Fraidl PKW-Antrieb 4.x - vom Fahrzeug zum kostenoptimierten Antriebssystem /Passenger Car Powertrain 4.x - from Vehicle Level to a Cost Optimized Powertrain System S. I-98-I-120

„… gleichem Beschleunigungsvermögen zeigt der leistungsverzweigte Hybridantrieb (Power Split – PS) leicht …” „… zunehmender Geschwindigkeit und Dynamik verschieben sich die Potenziale also von Seriellen zu Power-Split bzw …” „… der EDU (Electric Drive Unit) von 120kW, ergibt sich aus heutiger Sicht ca. Kostenparität zwischen …”

M. Elicker, M. Scheidt, M. Brauer, R. Pohlke, K. Hielscher, J. Geddes, J. Kiyanni Innovatives Konzept zur Erfullung der Emissionsvorschriften im Schwachlastbetrieb von Dieselmotoren fur EU7 und darüber hinaus /Innovative Concept in Diesel Low Load Emission Compliance for EU7 and Be... S. I-248-I-284

„… standardmäßig in GT-Power hinterlegte NOx-Modell mit Zweizonenansatz und Reaktionskinetik nach vereinfachtem …” „… IATvari 2.0 mm - 0.8 HP GT Power Simulation nM = 1250 min -1, BMEP = 1.9 bar sNOx = const. Reference …” „… - 0.8 HP 9.0°CA eIVCvari - vari 0.8 HP GT Power Simulation nM = 1250 min -1, BMEP = 1.9 bar sNOx …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186813121

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Powertrain Systems in Mobile Machines 2022

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2402 2022

Results in this title

R. Himmelsbach, J. Ziegler, E. Nachbaur eCVT for Tractors – Experience report about potentials and challenges S. 223-232

„… variable units is very well suited for an eCVT. The low power flow over the variable path leads to a good …” „… increase the power density. Like VDI-Berichte Nr. 2402, 2022 229 hydrostatic units they need a certain oil …” „… variable power path instead of the hydraulic one, continuously variable driving and additionally the …”

T. Bögel, T. Herlitzius Wann kommen elektrifizierte und sensorgesteuerte Antriebssystemmodule in der Landtechnik? S. 211-222

„… units for mobile work machines. Due to the high power density, the power and power transmission to …” „… without Valkyrie with every tractor that provides 700V DC electrical power. Autonomous Field Units …” „… addition to the costs and the wide range of power requirements, the main reason for this was the lack of …”

M. Pußack, L. Frerichs Electrification of linear positioning and working functions in mobile machines S. 199-210

„… addition, a pow-er supply unit was attached to supply the electric actuators. The setup for the functional …” „… power implemented on mobile machines to date is mainly used to supply rotary applications. For linear …” „… with a removable sweeping unit, there is a coupling point here, which can result in oil leaks. One …”

M. Birk, S. Biel Potential and Implementation of Neural Networks on Volume Production Control Units for Off-Highway Applications S. 233-240

„… on a control unit with low computing power. As part of a project, a process and tool chain was …” „… regard to the use of neural networks on volume production control units with low computing power. The …” „… networks on a current transmission control unit is not only limited by reduced computing power, but also by …”

S. Mutschler eLION: A New Platform Approach for the Electrification of Mobile Machines S. 151-162

„… acting on motors and power electronics significantly exceed the conditions in well-known electrified …” „… high efficiency. Additionally, various power sources need to be considered. Diesel-electric systems are …” „… , allowing infinite operation. The dashed line, S2 30min, shows the available power for a maximum of 30 …”

F. Wohlfahrt, T. Göres, S. Terörde, L. Frerichs Decarbonization Strategies for Heavy Duty Harvesting Machinery S. 47-64

„… demands regarding energetic autonomy and power due to the climatically and seasonally dependent …” „… machine parameters making it worth to analyse the most important aspects of utilization scenarios, power …” „… throughput enhancements regarding the needed specific power. The effect regarding the system efficiency gets …”

M. Schwaderlapp, A. Plumpe Sustainable Powertrains for Mobile Machinery – DEUTZ’ strategy towards a zero-emission future S. 29-46

„… electric machines, batteries and corresponding auxiliary power units. In terms of range, however, there are …” „… developed a high-power charging unit: the Powertree (Fig. 10). It enables uncomplicated charging of …” „… primarily for smaller power outputs and operation ranges. For high performance and range requirements, a …”

T. Woopen, S. Hammes, S. Bild Solutions for a needs-based range optimization of battery-electric vehicle platforms S. 127-134

„… unit to provide electric power to the main vehicle. By running the diesel-engine in constant speed and …” „… range extender solutions for vehicles in the power class up to 100HP Dr.-Ing. Thomas Woopen, Dr.-Ing …” „… , which usually work with not more than 30% - 60% of the vehicle's nominal power. For applications with …”

A. Wach Fuel cell systems: Energy supply for the el. Powertrain Fuel Cell applications and technical features S. 105-112

„… . FC-systems can be fitted in the engine compartment of classical truck ICE engines with comparable power …” „… interact with each other in the stack. The power spectrum of a FC-system ranges from a few kW up to 200 …” „… – 300 kW system power. Power densities of approx. 0.3kW/l (FC-system) are established today. A …”

S. Eichler, C. Guernsey The Wheel Loader of Tomorrow: Proof-of-Concept Vehicle & Learnings from Full-Electric Drivetrain Conversion S. 185-198

„… Drivetrain Conversion Stefan Eichler, Cameron Guernsey, Danfoss Power Solutions GmbH & Co. OHG, Offenbach …” „… machines and power electronics, Danfoss Editron has products that cover a wide range of vehicle sizes …” „… their job. [2] This control plays a large role in optimizing the power consumption of these vehicles …”

W. Breu, L. Reuter HELIOS – A hydrogen-electric operated tractor system S. 95-104

„… . All high voltage components are connected over a power distribution unit (PDU) which also contains the …” „… demands a DCDC converter which covers the whole power range between the two high voltage power sources …” „… high voltage fuses. To drive the tractor, the electric power is lead to an inverter which controls a …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-X

„… Drivetrain for Off-Highway in the 60-80kW Power Range � � � � � � � � � � � � 163R. Morrison, J …” „… � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 185S. Eichler, C. Guernsey, Danfoss Power Solutions GmbH & Co. OHG, Offenbach f Working function …” „… Implementation of Neural Networks on Volume Production Control Units for Off-Highway Applications …”

A. Kampker, H. H. Heimes, M. Kehrer, S. Dünnwald, S. Hagedorn, S. Biegler Integration and modularization approaches for fuel cell solutions in commercial vehicles S. 171-184

„… consumption is related to the auxil-iary units that must be supplied simultaneously from the traction energy …” „… due to the demands of auxiliary units during operation at the construction site. The long-distance …” „… vehicles and heavy special-purpose vehicles. For both, the high permanently required power is decisive …”

S. Rinderknecht, S. Foulard, R. Fietzek Resource-efficient dimensioning, usage and maintenance of machine components through AI-based virtual sensors S. 241-XII

„… computation power and implement this virtual sensor in every produced mobile machine as an embedded software …” „… in a standard Electronic Control Unit (ECU). This enables a cost-effective way to monitor the dynamic …” „… and friction energy and power, and the assessment of changes in friction coef-ficient characteristics …”

H. Jahn Regulations and measures for limiting emissions from non-road mobile machinery in Europe S. 13-28

„… so-called Stage I starting in 1999. The limits were differentiated according to en-gine categories and power …” „… classes (initially between 37 kW and 560 kW), with machines with lower engine power generally having to …” „… particulate emissions and extended them to smaller power classes between 18 kW and 37 kW. CO, HC, NOX and PM …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024027

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ELIV-MarketPlace 2018

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2338 2018

Results in this title

A. Lapp, C. Bohne, O. Koller, T. Thiel, C. Boesig, R. Oberfell, W. Appel Journey to a scalable & fail-operational E/E-architecture for Highly Automated Commercial Vehicles S. 209-222

„… . Abstract This paper presents the further development towards a scalable E/E-Architecture and safe power …” „… supply. The first part introduces a systematic method to develop a safe power supply system by using …” „… power supply. The ASIL decomposition is an ASIL tailoring measure that is applied to the functional …”

M. Paal, K. Graner Electrical Drives in mobile machines – Current trends & drivers, resulting requirements and considerations on their implementation S. 289-300

„… . VDI-Berichte Nr. 2338, 2018 289 Die Business Unit Antriebssystemtechnik bei der Liebherr-Components Biberach …” „… number of components and the higher total drive power to be installed (distribution via cardan shafts is …” „… power for vehicles that cannot be supplied from batteries in the foreseeable future. Second, high speed …”

P. Obergfell, M. Traub, F. Oszwald, E. Sax Agiles Automotive E/E-Systems Engineering S. 47-58

„… proceeding where the initial change corresponds to the introduction of a new functional unit. Based on that …” „… Media Oriented Systems Transport (MOST) [7] are applied. b . The power supply network describes the …” „… reveals the internal structure of ECUs in the form of CPUs (Central Processing Units), memory elements …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023389

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LAND.TECHNIK 2020

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2374 2020

Results in this title

M. Lang Design and analysis of a magnetic-electrical power split gearbox for application in an agricultural vehicle S. 17-22

„… concept for an electric power split transmission with a magnetic circumferential gearbox unit and inbuilt …” „… gearbox units for application in hybrid power trains, underlining their basic usage potential. Especially …” „… . 1: Development of the magnetic-electrical power split unit from the mechanical planetary gearset …”

S. Mercati, A. Bertoli, C. Ognibene Next generation hybrid-electric power steering systems for agriculture machines S. 451-XIV

„… Next generation hybrid-electric power steering systems for agriculture machines Stefano Mercati …” „… , Andrea Bertoli, Claudio Ognibene, Ognibene Power Spa, Reggio nell’Emilia, Italy Abstract The …” „… advanced steering system under development by Ognibene, named Intelligent Flow Digital Power Steering …”

A. Roth, C. Puls Development of a 3-speed gearbox in electric powertrain – Ground drive transmission for a commercial vehicle S. 23-30

„… shifting process. The control unit separates the power flow on request of the superordinate control and …” „… Overall system The overall system consists of the electric drive including battery and power electronics …” „… Gearbox control System The vehicle has various decentralized control units. Therefore, the requirement …”

M. Pußack, I. Stasewitsch, L. Frerichs Investigations of a cutter bar operated in resonance mode with an electric direct drive S. 151-156

„… with gearing mechanisms that convert a rotating power source into an oscillating movement. An …” „… . Compared to rotary mowers they require much less drive power in relation to the working width and are …” „… usually driven by a rotating power source. In a gearing mechanism, the rotational movement is converted …”

R. Schmetz Energy analyses of different advanced drive systems for agricultural machinery S. 315-322

„… hand, the use and the availability of internal combustion engines as power sources will remain for a …” „… , single unit of John Deere's GridCon2-system and CF-system (for CF-system see the corresponding article …” „… energy by internal combustion engines or power electronics and electric motors, if necessary with …”

C. Depenbrock, L. Frerichs New approach for an innovative straw management with the ”Kombi-Mulcher“ S. 395-404

„… through the combine harvester, regardless of its further use. This inevitably leads to a higher power …” „… the higher power requirement, more and more motorized machines are necessary or result in lower …” „… “Kombi-Mulcher” [6] A mowing unit cuts a variable part of the straw in the upper part and transports it with a …”

T. Bögel, T. Herlitzius Multipurpose soil tillage with smart machinery – Electric-driven, sensor-controlled soil tillage S. 69-72

„… for the generated roughness and the mixing of plant material. With this information, the control unit …” „… electrical power, the tractor mounted PTO generator Valkyrie is part of the Kronos system. Valkyrie is …” „… DC electrical power. Fig. 6: Overview of the Kronos system advantages VDI-Berichte Nr …”

R. Schmetz, R. Hartanto Soil protection and energy savings through efficient energy supply to machines for primary and secondary soil tillage S. 83-92

„… guideline 6101, today still requires heavy tractors with high powers. On the one hand, this can cause …” „… mechanical drive energy with the help of power electronics and the electromotive principle. Then …” „… are the sub-functions “Conversion of electrical energy” (using power electronics), “Conversion into …”

U. Claes Development of an advanced grain handling system for a new combine range S. 383-386

„… power requirement High wear resistance of conveying components Gentle grain conveying …” „… limited design space. Due to the larger threshing unit, the new machines have increased in length, which …” „… reliability and the allocated design space. So power density (potential unload rate in the given design space …”

H. Wanta, M. Holovac, S. Lorenz, J. Krzywinski Evaluation of Human-Machine Interactions with Autonomous Agricultural Systems through Cyber-physical Prototypes S. 245-266

„… options of the machine, such as possibility to quickly disconnect and replace the power unit or to change …” „… autonomous machines for green area cultivation. The Feldschwarm is a modular system of the units operating in …” „… more power to open environment whilst comparing to areas such as industrial production and logistic …”

S. Tanner Experience gained in developing Autonomous Robots using AI and spot spraying to weed open field crops S. 213-222

„… preparation requires very high power, and harvesting needs to transport high masses. Between the two, there …” „… power of autonomous tractors; they do not represent viable operations for dedicated autonomous robots …” „… for medium-size robots. 2.3 Power source A thermal engine is the preferred solution for long range …”

A. Holler, C. Mueller From driver to automated driving – Proposal for a holistic step by step approach S. 413-424

„… , providing a Power-PC based CPU board fully integrated into the controller on the nonsafe side. As with the …” „… safety controller of type digsy fusion S instead of the general-purpose unit. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2374 …” „… level computing power to run advanced and CPU heavy navigation algorithms. In addition, the HMI is …”

S. Cazzaniga, M. Zecchi, R. Marella, T. Beavers How to improve operator comfort in a tractor with low noise gear pump technology S. 335-344

„… , Dr. Marco Zecchi, Rocco Marella, Timothy Beavers, Danfoss Power Solutions, Bologna, Italy …” „… clearance” when new, but due to normal degredation (e.g. oil contamination, wear, etc.) during a unit’s …”

S. Raikwar, T. Herlitzius, J. Fehrmann Autonomous Navigation Strategy for an Orchard Robot Using Simulation Design S. 425-434

„… platform. This navigational unit includes motion planning, obstacle avoidance and data transmission module …” „… power (kW) 30 Steering mode 4-Wheel Steering Communication CAN VDI-Berichte Nr. 2374, 2020 427 3 …” „… of the environment. The path planning unit gives the geo-referenced path co-ordinates for the robot …”

T. Crotty, D. Byrne, E. Jones, M. Glavin, J. Warren A Season in Data: Efficiency of a Forage Mower S. 143-150

„… positioning chip. A custom electronic Control Unit was programmed to connect to the digital and analog …” „… harvesting crop. For the mower, the mower bed location, hydraulic pressure and Power-Take-Off (PTO) speed …”

A. Kunz Alternative drives for agricultural machines – Legal frame, meaning, concepts, validation, conclusion S. 405-412

„… Holland T6.180 Methane Power [20]. In this tractor with market entry in 2021 a spark ignited gas en …” „… electric motor with a power of 50 kW replaces the Diesel engine. With a battery capacity of 100 kWh an …” „… 1959, Allis-Chalmers presented in the US such a tractor with a power of 15 kW in a short field …”

L. Trösken, L. Frerichs Process model for an economic evaluation of cultivation methods on agricultural farms S. 435-444

„… equipment consists of two tractors with a power of 120 and 135 kW, a combine (225 kW) and implements in 3 m …” „… (An imprint of Elsevier), London, United Kingdom, 2019. [3] Dijkstra, E. W., “A Note on Two Problems …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023747

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International Conference on Gears 2023

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2422 2023

Results in this title

C. Kunik, J. Kunert Wetting and oil flow analysis of planetary gearboxes using oil flow simulations S. 467-484

„… ) to analyze the fluid flow and evaluate the power losses for a wide range of gear unit variants in …” „… about the wetting of components, the power losses [2 - 4] and the heat dissipation of gear units, it is …” „… concerning the numerical modelling of the oil flow and the power losses in gear units. He postulated good …”

M. Reichl, P. Lenz, A. Oliva Challenges and possibilities of virtual development of e-axle transmissions S. 485-498

„… the load-independent gear loss torques, which are part of the total power loss of the gearbox …” „… . According to ISO/TR 14179-2, this total power loss is composed of load-dependent and load-independent parts …” „… : 𝑃 𝑃 𝑃 𝑃 𝑃 𝑃 𝑃 (1.1) The load-dependent gear power loss 𝑃 is thus included in the total …”

W. Ramdane, C. Changenet, S. S. Ouali, C. Chevrel-Fraux, P. Casanova Thermal model of a planetary gear set using an isothermal approach S. 451-466

„… : Symbols,indices and units Symbol Meaning Unit U Internal energy J W˙ Mehcanical power losses W Q˙ Mechanical power …” „… is used to solve the problem: power losses and heat flow are calculated versus time. Which leads to …” „… experimental and numerical temperatures is observed.Keywords: Isothermal model, Power losses, splash …”

I. Hong, D. Talbot Tooth Bending Strain Rate Analysis in a Counter Shaft Drivetrain and Implications on Fatigue Strength S. 53-66

„… Strength Isaac Hong, David Talbot, Gear and Power Transmission Research Laboratory Department of Mechanical …” „… literature and provides an analysis on an example countershaft electric vehicle drive unit to explore what …” „… microstructures of large volume and high-quality gearing. Most gears made for power transmission purposes are made …”

J. Zhang, B. Shaw, A. Hammer, I. Sewell Effects of Surface Engineering on the Efficiency of Involute Helical Gears – An Experimental Investigation S. 995-1016

„… , Newcastle University, United Kingdom Abstract Improving gear efficiency, i.e. reducing gear power loss, is …” „… Investigation Dr. Jishan Zhang, Prof. Brian Shaw, Andy Hammer, Ian Sewell, Design Unit, School of Engineering …” „… extremely important for the reduction in weight and size of the overall mechanical power transmission …”

L. Binanzer, L. Merkle, M. Dazer, A. Nicola Pitting Detection for Prognostics and Health Management in Gearbox Applications S. 97-108

„… designed as electrical load unit consisting of two electric motors. The tooth flanks of the test gears are …” „… stationary applications. The greater the power that has to be transmitted, the larger and more expensive the …” „… corresponding gear units are. In critical industrial applications, gearboxes are already equipped with Condition …”

A. Wallinger, R. Vonderschmidt, S. Vonderschmidt Lubricant Free Transmissions for the food industry – A Comparison S. 715-726

„… not require gear lubrication. Fig. 2: Design and advantages of a magnetic transmission Gear units …” „… structure. In this case, one component of the gearing in a planetary gear unit - in the case studied here …” „… lubrication of the tooth flanks. Figure 3 shows the design of a planetary gear unit with plastic gears. Radial …”

R. Beilicke, D. Bartel, L. Bobach Simulation-based optimization of gearing efficiency using thin coatings S. 975-984

„… operation is the increase in power density of gear units. Furthermore, the load-dependent gear losses in …” „… suitable measure. However, the use of low-viscosity lubricants and the increase in the power density of …” „… gear units lead to increased operation of the gear teeth in the mixed friction regime. To counteract …”

H. Mahe Model based NVH design: e-bike application S. 1229-1238

„… gear-box in mid drive unit position together with an electrical motor for assistance. To balance motor …” „… with the gearbox torque. To help the diagnosis and understanding, a complete model of the power …” „… cargo. Fig. 1: Drive unit implemented in a bike Table 1: E-bike key features Key Features e-motor -48 …”

S. Chen, C. Liu, D. Qin Forward Performance-driven Design of Gear Parameters S. 211-226

„… friction power loss of each contact unit on each meshing gear tooth can be obtained, then the meshing 21 …” „… power density is that it can transmit more power per unit volume. In this paper, power density is also …” „… mesh loss is calculated through a mesh process analysis, and other power losses are calculated by …”

D. Matsuura, D. Hashioka, T. Kobayashi, H. Maki Generation Method of Polygonal Shaped Work Pieces Based on Gear Meshing Theory S. 1631-1640

„… technique called “power skiving method”. This method is achieved as the result of synchronous revolution of …” „… the polygon As shown in Fig. 5, polygon shape can be seen as a cycle of unit shapes, namely a gear …” „… its axis. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 1635Fig. 5: A unit shape (gear tooth) found in a polygon. Fig. 6 …”

S. Sartori, L. Alari, N. Motta, D. Podda Helicopter Drive System Safety Dissertation S. 633-644

„… normative for civil helicopters, the failure of the lubrication system of a power transmission unit should …” „… ] and [3]) involving failures of the drive system, which is responsible for converting the power …” „… rotor drive system is to transmit power from engines to both main and tail rotors, while reducing the …”

B.-S. Kim, D. Im, J.-H. Park, W.-J. Chung, Y.-J. Park Development of Optimal Design Program for Macro-Geometry of Planetary Gear Set using Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm S. 1181-1194

„… to modifying gear tooth surfaces in minute units, and it is helpful to improve the performance of …” „… performance parameters of gears, mass, transmission error, and power loss, were used as the objective function …” „… . 2422, 2023 11852.2.3. Gear mesh power loss calculation The efficiency of gearbox is calculated through …”

D. Park, A. Rezayat, Y. Gwon Design optimization of multi-stage gear trains with asymmetric teeth under a broad range of torques by incorporating multibody simulations S. 383-396

„… multi-power flow gear train by considering both macro- and microgeometry parameters to satisfy strength …” „… gear excitation forces and mesh power loss in a multi-power flow operating condition while the gear …” „… of optimization for a gear train that has multi-mesh and multi-power flow, an 8-speed DCT …”

J. D. M. Marafona, J. H. O. Seabra, P. M. T. Marques, R. C. Martins Effect of overlap ratio on gear dynamic behavior and noise level S. 1239-1256

„… parameters, contact ratio ( ) and overlap ratio ( ) are also included. The gears‘ safety factors and power …” „… displayed in Table 3 ordered by increasing total number of teeth. It can be verified that the power loss is …” „… be a replacement for the C40 so their safety factors are as high as the C40. The higher power loss of …”

D. Krüger Reuse S. 3-12

„… Noise Level (EPNL). Such unit takes into account the frequency, content and duration of the event. The …” „… mega-cities around the globe, Fig. 4. The separation of power and thrust generation alongside optimised …” „… as energy storage powering smaller aircraft using fuel cells, or as direct combustion fuel to power …”

F. Concli, M. N. Mastrone Latest advancements in the lubrication simulations of geared systems: a technology ready for industrial applications S. 499-518

„… temperatures. A decrease of the power losses allows also a downsize and a reduction of the weight of the system …” „… , with an increase in the power density and performances. Engineering tools allowing a comparison of …” „… accurate to capture the power losses of geared systems, the computational effort required for their …”

A. Beinstingel, F. Haringer, W. Sigmund, M. Heider, B. Pinnekamp, S. Marburg Investigation of Sound and Vibration Behavior of Cylindrical Gears S. 599-618

„… aspect to a successful gear design. Since the main noise originates from the characteristic power …” „… . IntroductionIn modern power transmission systems, noise contributes as a quality feature to the success of a …” „… gearbox design. It is known that the power transmission process leads to an internal vibration excitation …”

Y. Koch, E. Kirchner, J. Hirschmann Measuring Instantaneous Angular Speed using a Gear Wheel as Material Measure to detect Pitting Damage during an Endurance Test S. 81-96

„… constructive changes in the power-transmitting elements. Therefore, this contribution uses magnetoresistive (MR …” „… with the DriveRadar® IG Edge Processing Unit from SEW-Eurodrive every 60 minutes for a duration of 30 …” „… , MR Z3, MR B, MR C DriveRadar® IG Edge Processing Unit Sampling frequency: 50 kHz; sampling duration …”

E. Grabovic, A. Artoni, M. Gabiccini, E. Ciulli Exploration of trade-offs between NVH and efficiency in bevel gear design S. 853-880

„… Minimizing NVH and friction-induced power losses is becoming paramount in the design of geared transmissions …” „… semi-empirical model to estimate frictional power losses under elasto-hydrodynamic lubrication is described. The …” „… reliability in power VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 853transmission. Nevertheless, the deployment of spiral bevel …”

S. Hendricks, M. Solf, J. Brimmers, T. Bergs Investigation of the machinability of different quenched and tempered steels for the alternative process chain of planetary pinions in wind turbine gearboxes S. 1713-1730

„… Geometry Symbol Value UnitNormal module mn0 2.557 mm Normal pressure angle n0 17.5 ° Number of gashes ni0 …” „… manufacturing technologies for manufacturing spur and helical gears and is widely used in wind power, automotive …” „… , aerospace and industrial applications [1]. The ever-increasing demand for higher power densities in these …”

D. Meyering, C. Hussmann Smart Gearboxes for a Sustainable and Reliable Industry S. 645-658

„… highest possible performance. The base of every gear unit design is a specification of the occurring …” „… assumption that many gear units tend to be oversized, which is supported by the very low number of damaged …” „… information on the actual gear unit loads during operation. The smart gearboxes monitor the gearbox loads on …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVIII

„… , Design Unit, School of Engineering, Newcastle University, United KingdomPreflight Lx3 am August 30, 2023 …” „… Power Transmission Research Laboratory, Departmentof Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio …” „… . Van Der Kamp, ZF Wind Power, Lommel, Belgium Load capacityReview of the definition of the loads for …”

J. Vorgerd, P. Tenberge, M. Steinrötter Scuffing load carrying capacity of high-speed gears with an isotropic superfinished surface S. 227-242

„… automotive drivetrains (IFA), Ruhr-University Bochum Abstract Increasing demands in power density of …” „… roughened with worse frictional properties. This leads to higher power losses and can ultimately cause a …” „… a closed power loop between a test and a slave gearbox. The power loop is driven by an electric …”

T. Jagiella, S. Haller, J. Lechner, T. Rung, M. Wöppermann, B. Zeeb Building a software toolchain for automated mass-customization of specific end-use gear unit parts using AM-driven design guidelines S. 1607-1616

„… Building a software toolchain for automated mass-customization of specific end-use gear unit parts …” „… process of specific end-use parts of gear units. To reach this goal, various software components were …” „… . The functionality of the software is demonstrated by a sample part: Customer-defined gear unit …”

M. Vivet, A. Rezayat, J. Verhoogen, K. Kucukcoskun, S. Donders Numerical analysis of bevel gear transmission acoustic emission using a 3D gear contact force model within a multibody system dynamics simulation environment S. 689-702

„… . Bevel gears are critical components that transfer power between intersecting rotating shafts. Based on …” „… gears have been proposed based on LTCA [6], enabling to reduce the acoustic power at the gear meshing …” „… properties of the analyzed spiral bevel gear pair. Gear blank data Symbol Units Pinion Gear Number of teeth …”

J. Langhart, S. Ebrahimi, T. Kelichhaus A comparison of time and frequency domain approaches for NVH S. 583-598

„… radiated power is determined [1], [2]. For the calculation of the housing excitations, the transmission is …” „… necessary CPU – power. The frequency domain approach is much faster than the time domain approach and can be …” „… transmission housing surface velocities in the frequency domain and the related ERP (equivalent radiated power …”

C. Westphal, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Influence of Axis Misalignments in Stepped Planetary Gear Stages on the Excitation Behavior – Test Rig Development and Simulative Analysis S. 175-190

„… combination of high power density, high efficiency and low noise emission. With the electrification of the …” „… power density. In stepped planetary gearboxes - in contrast to planetary gearboxes - the single planet …” „… different load paths [1]. Load sharing to several stepped planets is thus in conflict between a high power …”

N. Fujimura Application-oriented research on internal generating polishing S. 1863-1876

„… . Introduction and MotivationOn the trend of integrated power train development, planetary gear stages can …” „… power trains, leading to a positive effect on the efficiency of the overall system [1]. At the same time …” „… . Table 1: Ring gear specifications Name Value Unit Module mn 1.25 mm Number of teeth z 85 Helix angle β …”

N. Missal, S. Schwertel, M. Ludwig The next level of axial forming for a sustainable component and process chain design S. 1765-1776

„… power-driven vehicles themselves, must become more environmentally friendly with less negative impact on …” „… tool carrier with a worm gear unit and servomotor. Thereby, a standard frequency modulation and a …” „… design of the machine frame and the ram unit is shown in Fig. 5. According to the simulation model. Thus …”

M. Geitner, S. Preintner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Simulation Study on the Tribological Characteristics in the Meshing Contact in the Context of the Load Carrying Capacity Calculation of Internal Gears with Unbalanced Sliding Conditions S. 429-450

„… characterized by a high power density and a compact design with coaxial in- and output. Consequently, planetary …” „… gear units are frequently used in many practical applications, e.g. in wind energy and industrial …” „… scaling-up of the required system power, the risk of flank damages increased during the last decade. Certain …”

K. Suzuki, K. Sakai, K. Sakai, T. Hara Considerations on Lubrication of High-Speed Rotating Gear (First Report) S. 741-752

„… powertrain parts. Since then, the company has expanded the product line from parts to units, such as manual …” „… - production of powertrain component and drive unit. This paper introduces some of the considerations regarding …” „… an e-Axle. It aims to find new Low Fluid loss Low Lubricant agitation lossPower consumption Low …”

G. Devaraj Vibration reduction of planetary gear drive using mesh phasing: modelling and experimental validation S. 157-174

„… and Planet-Ring meshes and maximizing the overall NVH performance of electric drive units by virtual …” „… considered for the advantages of compactness, high power-to-weight ratios, high efficiency and high …” „… validated in a bench test. 3. Application case: Electric drive unit for passenger car 3.1. Application case …”

P. Fischmann, A. Hilligardt, V. Schulze Tooth Root Burnishing in the Kinematics of Gear Skiving S. 1829-1844

„… generate low load-dependent gear power losses, they are particularly suitable for modern drive systems. As …” „… properties.Introduction New mobility solutions require increasingly powerful drive units with favorable vibroacoustic …” „… properties. Due to high power density and good efficiency at high transmission ratios, planetary gearboxes …”

A. Hilligardt, V. Schulze Gear Skiving with Minimum Twist Errors S. 1749-1764

„… places the focus of development on increasingly compact drive units with the highest power density. Due …” „… to high power density and good efficiencies at high transmission ratios, planetary gearboxes are …” „… increasingly used in drive units [1]. While internal gears of a DIN Q10 quality are still sufficient for …”

J.-A. Meis Parametric system simulation of load sharing in planetary gearboxes S. 269-280

„… units are nowadays usually only carried out in special cases, and usually also rather at the end of a …” „… studies for evaluating the risk of failure of the gear unit. Main results from the simulations are the …” „… . This facilitates a significant increase in development speed and an increase in power density. The …”

S. Birk, E. Stoppel, V. Labriola Influence of plastic-metal-pairings on the lifetime of gears S. 1535-1546

„… application (e.g. Electrical Power Steering worm wheel or balancer shaft) by IMS Gear. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422 …” „… acoustical properties of the gear unit due to the damping properties of the plastic can be improved. Fig. 1 …”

M. Brumm, D. Sari Complete machining of complex transmission parts S. 1581-1590

„… target is to increase the power density of the new transmission and to reduce the production costs. It is …” „… following Fig. 7 shows a double cell with two vertical turning centers and a central automation unit with a …”

N. Blech, C. Paschold, T. Lohner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl, L. Amar Review of different calculation approaches for the mean coefficient of friction in ISO 6336 S. 191-210

„… ], method C as following: It can be seen that the coefficient of friction depends on the transverse unit …” „… of friction is given in Equation (5). It was derived from experimental gear power loss tests of …” „… shall not be used for the calculation of other types of damage or power loss calculations. The same …”

S. Sepp, A. Wenig, M. Otto, K. Stahl Acoustical behavior of periodic flank modifications under dynamic operating conditions S. 341-356

„… motors. These offer the potential of higher power densities as the engine volume and mass can be reduced …” „… while maintaining the same output power. However, as the operating speeds of battery electric vehicles …” „… test specimen Parameter Unit Pinion WheelNumber of teeth z1/z2- 33 35 Center distance a mm 140.00 …”

S.-J. Tsai, Q.-Y. Zhuang, L.-C. Chang Design and analysis of compound stepped planetary gear drives for better transmission performances S. 537-552

„… arrangement, high speed ratio and high power-density, planetary gear drives are widely used in various …” „… study cases Items Unit Sun S Planet PS Planet PR Ring R Normal module mn mm 2 2 2.5 2.5 Pressure angle P …” „… Pinnekamp, B., Heider, M., and Beinstingel, A, “Dynamic Behavior of Planetary Gears.” Power Transmission …”

J. Lövenich, M. Zalfen, D. Mevissen, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Crack growth based tooth root life prediction model – an influence quantity analysis S. 109-124

„… Fracture toughness KICSign Value UnitHVsurface 750 HVHVcore 400 HVEht 0.8 mmarea 30 µmRz 0.4 µmR -1 -C …” „… HVsurface5001,00E+05 1,00E+07 1,00E+09root/ MPa800 HV750 HV650 HV105 107 109Sign Value UnitHVsurface 750 …” „… aviation, aerospace transmissions require a very high power density. On the one hand, this is achieved by …”

F. Mieth, D. Tazir Local load capacity analysis for the design of a balanced flank modification for cylindrical gears according to bevel gear procedures S. 927-944

„… flexibility. However, due to the significant increase in the required computing time and computing power …” „… .. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 937Table 2: Basic macro geometry data of the gears Description Symbol GV SV Unit …”

S. Landler, M. Trübswetter, M. Otto, K. Stahl Parameter Based Definition of Eccentric Cycloid Gearings S. 1207-1228

„… calculations. Parameter Symbol Numerical value Unit Number of teeth of arc gear z1 3 - Number of teeth of …” „… planetary gear stage for electric heavy-duty trucks in multi-body simulation. Power Transmission Engineering …”

A. Drechsel, J. Pellkofer, K. Stahl Transferability of the scuffing load capacity of gear oils determined on spur gears to hypoid gears S. 881-896

„… of a closed power circuit. On the hypoid test rig, the power circuit consists of two hypoid gears …” „… and the slave gear set, connected by two parallel shafts, form the power circuit. A defined torque is …” „… mounted on the torsional shafts. The electric motor only injects the power losses induced by the …”

J. Sanchez-Espiga, A. Diez-Ibarbia, M. Iglesias, A. Fernandez-del-Rincon, F. Viadero, J. Calvo-Irisarri, A. Fernandez-Sison Statistical study of the mesh load factor of planetary gear transmissions affected by inherent manufacturing errors S. 139-156

„… comparison to other kinds of gear transmissions. These rely on their compactness, robustness, power density …” „… analysis of a wind turbine power drivetrain: Offshore considerations,” Appl. Acoust., vol. 77, pp. 204–211 …” „… . M. Al-Shaalan, Reliability Evaluation of Power Systems. 2019. [27] M. Iglesias, A. Fernandez del …”

A. Donmez, A. Kahraman Experimental Investigation of Influence of Indexing Errors on Gear Rattling S. 703-714

„… Kahraman,Gear and Power Transmission Research Laboratory The Ohio State University, Columbus, USAAbstract …” „… some t. Test gears were unity-ratio spur gears with 50iZ teeth, 3 mm module, and 20pressure angle, and …” „… experimental results of several unity-ratio gear pairs under different loading and error conditions. A first …”

G. Vasileiou, C. Vakouftsis, C. Kalligeros, V. Spitas, C. Papalexis, A. Tsolakis, P. Zalimidis Continuous prestressed reinforcement of plastic gear teeth and its effect on bending strength vs conventional reinforcement S. 1375-1388

„… . IntroductionMetallic gears are widely used in power transmissions due to their high strength and reliability. They …” „… unitary and placed at the HPSTC. Table1: Tooth profile coefficients according to ISO 53:1998 Profil A …” „… conducted using unitary load values (F=1N) and tooth thickness equal to b=5mm. The representative model …”

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Commercial Vehicles 2021

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2380 2021

Results in this title

D. Morgenweck, M. Großmann, W. Fakler, M. Lamke, F. Bitzer ZF E-Mobility products and software for commercial vehicles S. 1-16

„… identical for all inverter power classes. Therefore, the vehicle control unit can be combined with …” „… provides power to several other auxiliary units like air compressor, alternator, air condition, etc. In a …” „… BEV those units must be electrified. It is favourable to connect the great power consuming units …”

J. Pell, I. Müller, W. Gruber, A. Schilk E/E architecture and operating strategy for fuel-cell trucks – Challenges and solutions for energy- and cost-efficient operation S. 117-134

„… electric drivetrain, DC/DC converters, power distribution units (PDU), the HV and LV cabling system …” „… the various consumers one or multiple power distribution units (PDU) are required. Splitting the …” „… . steering pump, control units,…) are located in the LV circuit. To provide a certain continuous brake power …”

L. Heber, J. Schwab, T. Knobelspies Thermoelectric generators for heavy-duty vehicles as an economical waste heat recovery system S. 17-32

„… the amortisation period is between 0.7–2.5 years with output powers in the range of 1950–3150 W. In …” „… addition, the power density of the systems was determined to be 241 W/dm3 in diesel and 568 W/dm3 in …” „… engines offer a promising alternative drive solution to the dominant diesel units for HDV in long-haul …”

H. Ulmer, M. Rothschuh, F. Brinkmann, R. Wascheck, T. Delebinski eDrive & Fuel Cell powertrain systems engineering for commercial vehicles S. 55-72

„… optional), a single control unit connecting all sub-systems and a FC appropriated thermal management …” „… “drive AC compressor” and one single ECU (Engine Control Unit). All of these functionalities are …” „… . Furthermore, all of these sub-systems are using single interfaces and carry own control units with …”

C. Biedinger, T. Halfmann, M. Speckert, C. G. Berges, P. Cuny Consumption-optimized planning of transport missions using virtual drives S. 149-166

„… ? denotes the engine efficiency (average ratio of energy in terms of fuel per unit time and power at the …” „… limited power and the driver’s desired acceleration have not been taken into account. Based on the …” „… and braking power ? and ? , , the average power required by auxiliary consumers ? , as well as …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023808

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DRITEV – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2021

VDI-Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2381 2021

Results in this title

D. Morgenweck, M. Großmann, W. Fakler, M. Lamke, F. Bitzer ZF E-Mobility Software Functions for Commercial Vehicles S. 703-718

„… identical for all inverter power classes. Therefore, the vehicle control unit can be combined with …” „… it also provides power to several other auxiliary units like air compressor, alternator, air …” „… condition, etc. In a BEV those units must be electrified. It is favourable to connect the great power …”

B. Krüger, G. Filomeno, D. Dennin, P. Tenberge Holistic Design of All-Wheel Drive Electric Powertrains Using a Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm S. 377-394

„… unit, the inverter costs scale with the continuous power. Compared to EMs, the peak to continuous power …” „… continuous power. In combination with a disconnect unit, optimal solutions have slightly higher front axle …” „… 30 and 60 %. Without a disconnect unit, lower rear axle power shares are optimal. Like the PMSM …”

Z. Caba, M. Zafer, C. Harman, G. Hellenbroich, Ö. Eyigöz Multi-speed e-axle for electrified heavy commercial vehicles S. 609-620

„… Otosan and FEV are developing an electric axle for heavy duty commercial vehicles. The unit is intended …” „… electric oil pump. The first prototype unit has been assembled, with the next steps being the start up …” „… unit will be integrated into the target vehicle and used to demonstrate the H2020 project targets …”

H. Wittig, J. Engasser, A. Glavinic AEROFLEX – Distributed Hybrid Drivetrain for Long Haul Freight Vehicles S. 593-608

„… distributed powertrain can be realized by installing additional power units in the towed vehicles like …” „… the Smart Power Dolly while keeping the vehicle characteristics of the remaining vehicle units …” „… installing a downsized combustion engine, which is supported by electric drives in the trailer units, if …”

A. Bagh, D. Magnor, J. Kneiber, F. Löhe eTransport – Application of axle-integrated e-drive in urban LCV and MD trucks S. 637-652

„… . Electric powered axle, necessary power electronics, battery as well as control unit provide a complete …” „… control unit (VCU), power electronics (PE) and electrical machine (EM) identical cables are used as in …” „… Electrical MachineEM PE Power Electronics Torque / Load VCU Vehicle Control Unit Driving Direction TWheel_L 8 …”

F. Bayer, J. Tochtermann Development of a Heavy-Duty E-Axle S. 621-636

„… two oil pumps, as their power demand is too high to route through a control unit. The overall E/E …” „… highly-integrated, compact e-axle, which also features a high power density and can be integrated into todays …” „… ]. The AVL e-axle solution offers 400 kW of continuous power and 540 kW peak power, which will be …”

F. Langhammer, A. Kappes, A. Viehmann, S. Rinderknecht Novel “Two-Drive-Transmission for Long-Range” Powertrain: Ecology and Efficiency meet Driving Comfort S. 207-228

„… high voltage applications, the power of the drive units and also the number of totally available …” „… increasing shifting comfort VDI-Berichte Nr. 2381, 2021 207 under high power demands. Therefore, the …” „… dual clutch transmission (DCT) or automatic transmission (AT) combined with a high power ICE. At the …”

F. Müller-Deile Advanced design of electric machines for trailers with electric axles S. 653-668

„… lightweight, cost efficient design, recuperation power and the efficiency improvement of the system. The …” „… power requirement of a truck-trailer combination with a total weight of 40 tons is approximately 140 …” „… a constant braking power of 300 kW, ignoring roll and wind resistance. An accumulator with 20 kWh …”

R. Kockisch, J. Müller, Erik Schneider Modular transmission systems for future BEV platform applications S. 11-22

„… to generate the powertrain properties for the battery, power electronics, the electric machine and …” „… power, feature a high grade ability and are able to pull a trailer. For the following powertrain …” „… generated characteristic maps with a variation of power, torque, speed and air gap diameters for different …”

J. De Landtsheere TREMEC HYbrid DRive Axle – HYDRA – Hybridization enables RWD dynamics in a FWD car S. 125-144

„… small diameter results in a light and power dense unit that meets the target constant power speed ratio …” „… hybrid axle concept is realized that combines a power dense electric motor with a mechanical on-demand …” „… design and manufacturing to full transmission system assembly and electronic control unit development …”

J. Nowack, G. Hellenbroich, A. Ghosh, V. Shapovalov, R. Fleuren Park by Wire System for current Electric Drive Units S. 291-302

„… Park by Wire System for current Electric Drive Units Dr.-Ing. Jan Nowack, Dr.-Ing. Gereon …” „… systems are safety critical units. Due to intellectual property rights and different transmission …” „… presented. This will be done in accordance to current multi speed power-shift EDU concepts, including FMEA …”

G. Gao, D. Schöneberger, S. Rinderknecht Development of an innovative and modular test bench to analyse gear shifts in electrified powertrains S. 415-436

„… on-board power supplies. Different dog clutches combined with these actuators and their interaction can …” „… bench components and sensors, as well as the control of the unit under test. In addition, the test …” „… power, multiple-motor and multiple-speed electrified powertrains can increase the launch torque and …”

C. Schörghuber, M. Ortner, J. Pell, S. Pretsch Holistic system design and operation of a fuel cell truck based on an innovative energy management S. 685-700

„… energy management. Typical constant power values are assumed for the vehicle auxiliary units. Two …” „… compressor, air conditioning) and the control units incl. energy management, see Fig. 1. Fig. 1 …” „… ]. The power VDI-Berichte Nr. 2381, 2021686 of the e-axle of 400 kW continuous and 540 kW peak is …”

A. Nees Flexible Electro-hydraulic Actuation System for Multi-speed Electrified Drivetrains – Requirements and Concept S. 275-290

„… multi-speed electric drive units (EDU) present a new set of requirements, especially for the actuation …” „… requirements of multi-speed electrified drivetrain units (EDU) with regard to the actuation system and the …” „… While a high torque level can be achieved, the speed range is limited due to motor and power …”

L. de Ruijsscher TREMEC Hybrid Dual Clutch Transmission (HDCT) – Electrification of TREMEC’s high performance dual clutch transmission S. 159-178

„… manufacturing to full transmission system assembly and electronic control unit development including SW …” „… a TREMEC in-house developed Transmission Control Unit (TCU) and software. Oil pressure to control …” „… higher efficiencies are achieved in a P3 configuration (ref. measurements on P2.5-P3 demonstrator unit …”

D. Lechleitner, M. Hofstetter, M. Hirz, C. Gsenger, K. Huber Parking Lock Integration for Electric Axle Drives by Multi-Objective Design Optimization S. 303-318

„… of an e-drive; a) power electronics unit, b) electric machine, c) gearbox, d) parking lock …” „… axle drive (e-drive) that consists of the main components “power electronics unit”, “electric machine …” „… formulated as optimization parameters and the power electronics unit is considered via optimization …”

C. Schmidt, H. Dhejne, J. Karlsson High Efficient 2 speed e-Axle – Highly efficient and shiftable under load S. 145-158

„… and efficient Table 1: Key Parameters of AVL 2speed EDU Item Unit Value Power [kW] up to 250 …” „… e-motor as an example. By using a smart and sophisticated power flow architecture, we can guarantee a …” „… comfortable power shift with low-loss gear shifting with manageable control effort. With this innovative …”

S. Kaimer Power to the Wheels – Challenges and Benefits of Electrified AWD for EVs and Hybrid vehicles S. 117-124

„… Power to the Wheels – Challenges and Benefits of Electrified AWD for EVs and Hybrid vehicles …” „… precisely than internal combustion engines. And the peak power of e-motors, being instantly available …” „… 4 setup with mere 2x25 kW added power improves longitudinal and to some extent lateral dynamics …”

N. Mueller Electrification of heavy commercial vehicles from the perspective of a bodybuilder S. 555-560

„… 's engine must be running. A truck diesel engine with power take-off needs about 4-6 liters per hour when …” „… previous mechanical power take-off: standardization and performance specification A PTO (power take-off …” „… ) or the so-called mechanical power take-off is a switchable mechanical drive source. It is usually …”

J. Shutty, A. Moser, D. Gajowski Analysis of propulsion system architectures across vehicle segments and markets S. 23-34

„… , power electronics (Si, SiC), transmissions (single speed, multi-speed) and other major subsystems …” „… (eMotors, thermal systems, power electronics, battery systems, control systems, engine components …” „… controls used in the simulation environment can also be transferred directly to electronic control units …”

R. Resch, C. Danzer, A. Poppitz, T. Pirkl Alternative drivetrains for sustainable commercial vehicles S. 669-684

„… E-Drive-Unit offers sufficient drive torque in situations for up to 125 km/h. Due to the maximum power of the …” „… this investigation, IAV developed a 2-E-Motor 3-speed E-Drive Unit (EDU) as a concept that can be …” „… - ICE). This reverses if electric energy is used to power the BEV trucks, which is not completely …”

P. Geskes, J. Treier, M. Moser MAHLE 48V Battery for Truck applications S. 581-592

„… power up to 40kW with an advantage of possible fuel consumption reduction up to 4.5% (MAHLE Motorway …” „… including a 48V electric motor and a 48volt battery pack. This pack ensures charging and discharging power …” „… terms of service life, power output, range of application, availability, and cycle durability in …”

K. Hirano E-Axle with multi driving modes for BEV & Mild HEV P4 – The 3 in 1 e-Axle for EV requiring a wide range of driving force S. 229-240

„… Motor - Multi Driving Mode” e-Axle is a “Two motor - Two speed” eAxle developed to achieve low power …” „… with low power consumption is needed. The P0P4 system is also expected to improve the environmental …” „… possible. In other words, a package design with lower power consumption, higher driving performance, and …”

W. Sackl Sustainable Powertrain Solutions – the new role of the powertrain at Magna S. 1-10

„… numerous control units to a centralized system. This goes along with a new system architecture: First …” „… number of decentralized control units. Increasingly, only sensors and actuators remain, which are being …” „… electrification and allow for a wide range of scalable power and functionality. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2381, 2021 7 …”

M. Hein, J. Pellkofer, K. Michaelis, T. Tobie, K. Stahl, D. Kadach Test method A/16,6/90 with injection lubrication for discriminating different lubricants for dual-clutch transmissions S. 437-452

„… arrangement, the electrical drive unit solely compensates the power losses induced by the components of the …” „… . Introduction and objective Due to increasing power density in gears as well as the trend of decreasing oil …” „… quantity and viscosity to reduce no-load power losses, the scuffing load-carrying capacity has to be …”

K. Seno Prediction for the service lives of drive-train units by model-based development with the measured operational conditions S. 561-566

„… , mechanical components, power-train units and vehicle models are run with the measured operational conditions …” „… Prediction for the service lives of drive-train units by model-based development with the measured …” „… development of drive-train units in commercial vehicles, it is of significant importance to accurately …”

A. R. Lowis, R. Smith hofer H8-DCT-850 – High Performance Dual Clutch Transmission for transaxle application S. 179-190

„… power the transmission also features an e-differential for enhanced driving dynamics alongside high …” „… levels of system integration to deliver a compact product with outstanding torque and power capability …” „… of the prime mover’s power to the wheels. The result is a broadly linear relationship between a …”

X. Zhang, F. Küçükay Driveability optimization of electrified powertrains utilizing machine learning based control and the interaction with ADAS/AD systems S. 361-376

„… production are shown in Fig. 2. X axis is vehicle weight, Y axis is total EM power. The VKM power is …” „… classified by color and circle size, the larger the circle, the higher the VKM power. Interesting would be …” „… ) so that the electric motor always has the electrical power available to provide continuous power …”

M. Häßler, O. Werner The Pendulum Rocker Damper – Providing flexible damper characteristics for hybrid powertrains S. 329-346

„… stages, friction control units or centrifugal pendulum absorbers, each in their different design …” „… not contain any separating elements in the form of a friction clutch (e.g. power splitters) or if dog …” „… torque which is introduced from the side plates via the 1st cam mechanism into the unit consisting of …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVI

„… List GmbH, Graz, Austria; A. Pujari, BMW Group, München Content f E-axles and Electrified AWD Power …” „… Drive Units � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 291 J …” „… service lives of drive-train units by model-based development with the measured operational conditions …”

M. Giannantonio, S. Henzler, S. Rinderknecht Advanced Design of Dedicated Hybrid Drivetrains S. 77-100

„… hybrid drivetrains with multiple power sources. This approach features a holistic and modular method for …” „… units as well. The main benefit for design teams is the automation of the previously time-consuming …” „… steps and the capability to investigate multiple concepts in parallel using computing power. The time …”

A. Fröhlcke, M. Felbermaier, A. Britten, P. Fietkau Finite element approach for analyzing noise and vibration in electric drives S. 47-60

„… acceleration levels of different drive units at the same design level. The levels increase in a trajectory …” „… bearing clearance, gear teeth and housing components that are part of the power flow are reproduced …”

A. Drechsel, J. Pellkofer, K. Stahl, J. Sandor, M. Hein Development of a new test method to investigate the wear behaviour of hypoid gear oils S. 453-468

„… test rig, which works according to the principle of a closed power circuit (see Fig. 2). Two hypoid …” „… electric motor only injects the power losses induced by the components of the the hypoid-back-to-back test …” „… units. Fig. 2: Setup of a Hypoid-back-to-back test rig Within the experimental investigations one …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023815

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Land.Technik AgEng 2017

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2300 2017

Results in this title

R. Schmetz Calculation of the losses in series-hybrid powertrains S. 513-520

„… 60034-30-1:2014 Power processing unit (PPU) The most common configuration of the PPU of an ESHP (without …” „… IGBTs as six-pack) whose gates only have to be connected to a low-power driver unit. This unit …” „… comparative MHPSP is deleted by mechanical brakes. The typical power demand of a single driver unit is …”

K. Ritters, P. Winkelhahn, L. Frerichs, B. Kriebel Determining saving potentials in a tractor drivetrain using a simulation model and measured operating data S. 297-302

„… , demands of power units and auxiliary consumers, environmental conditions and the drag force of the …” „… purposefully, it is beneficial to analyse the power flow and thereby to identify significant sources of losses …” „… identifying critical power sinks, counter-measures can be developed and implemented into the simulation model …”

W. Stark, C. Pieke Efficiency Optimization by Using “Vehicle in the Loop” Test Methodology S. 399-406

„… works well if the unit-under-test does not significantly influence the amplitude and shape of the …” „… ) Waldemar Stark, M.Sc. Claudia Pieke, John Deere GmbH & Co KG, Mannheim Abstract The DLG Power …” „… Mix test was conducted on a real test track and public roads. Currently the DLG PowerMix test is running …”

F. Hantschack, R. Rahmfeld, J. Bagusch, A. Meyer, E. Dohm Development of a high performance continuously variable drive for mobile agricultural and construction machinery S. 315-322

„… Rahmfeld, Dipl.-Ing. Jens Bagusch, Danfoss Power Solutions GmbH & Co. OHG, Neumünster; M.Sc. Andreas …” „… Walterscheid, Danfoss Power Solutions and Wacker Neuson recognized this market demand and have developed a high …” „… hydrostatic propel drive is be able to transfer a power of 130 kW and be suitable for vehicles with corner …”

D. Engelmann, M. R. Unger, M. Geimer Testing and Benchmarking a Powertrain with Independent Wheel Control for Heavy Machinery S. 303-314

„… powertrains, each of them having significant power flows. This is the definition according to [1] (Fig.1 …” „… mechanical equivalent and an increased unsprung mass, especially when the possible estimated power for each …” „… wheel is near to the system power of the vehicle due to the high mass of the required motors. In …”

R. Bumberger, W. Klinger, D. Botev Electric traction drive on a plough – More power for the driveline S. 23-30

„… Electric traction drive on a plough More power for the driveline Dipl.-Ing.(FH) Rainer …” „… considered: Tractor: weight, right ballasting, wheel width, engine power, lifting force capability Plough …” „… increasing efficiency up to 33% Capability to utilize Engine-Power-Boost for traction already at typical …”

W. Breu, B. Pichlmaier Electrified Utility Tractor S. 9-14

„… temperatures. The power distribution unit (PDU), which interlinks the high voltage components, is fixed next to …” „… Abstract Although the diesel engine will most probably remain the dominating power source for large …” „… agriculture: Many farmers - especially in Germany - have installed large scale solar power and biogas plants …”

F. Peters, H. Korte, R. Bölling Modelling method for analyzing grain harvesting concepts S. 219-226

„… livestock production, are business units in an agricultural company. Due to the modular structure, this …” „… , separating and cleaning unit operate. Meanwhile the unloading auger does not work and the ground drive moves …” „… separation of the processing components and the power requirements. Each individual component has a …”

J. Karner, C. Danner, A. Kerschbaumer, H. Prankl Definition of a test method to evaluate vibrations acting on a tractor driver S. 255-262

„… based on the measurements of individual events. 1 Introduction The DLG PowerMix is a widely …” „… different manufacturers with 75-110 kW nominal power have been used in the evaluation. 2 Methodology 2.1 …” „… [6]. The resulting values (in time units) are also converted to a rating (0 to 10 points), whereas …”

M. Marsel, T. Bögel, T. Herlitzius, B. Neunkirchen, H. Eidam, T. Sander Development of a tillage-machine for seed-bed cultivation of heavy soils S. 567-574

„… propulsion and do well quality seed-bed cultivation in one transition. This machine unites the process of …” „… fine-crushing, but is expected to have the highest power consumption of the three variants. The crushing is …” „… based on cutting, beating and impacting effects. The high power consumption is due to the side effect …”

C. Körtgen, G. Morandi, G. Jacobs, A. Kramer Efficient development by automatic calibration of tractor transmission control units S. 291-296

„… Efficient development by automatic calibration of tractor transmission control units …” „… a calibration of a transmission control unit is presented. This has been reached by transferring the …” „… , which is widely achieved by modern power split transmissions. Optimizing the vehicle speed requires the …”

T. H. Langer Model-in-the-Loop Tuning of Hitch Control Systems of Agricultural Tractors S. 191-198

„… . Langer, Danfoss Power Solutions, Nordborg, Denmark Abstract The farming industry worldwide is facing …” „… transform the highest possible amount of the engine power into a pulling force on the implements, i.e. the …” „… forces depend on the soil condition characterized by five parameters 1) bulk unit weight, 2) cohesion, 3 …”

P. Hannukainen, R. Åman Biomethane as tractor fuel – Opportunities for customer, manufacturer or climate S. 355-366

„… to increased usage and unit costs, energy has become a major cost of food production. Thereby energy …” „… company MWM. Tractors called Alcool Valmet (Fig. 1, RHS) were sold 1700 units during 1983-1986, until the …” „… ] In 2015, there were 92 new biogas upgrading units commissioned which continues the steady growth of …”

K. Lüpping New Techniques for Mobile Pelletisation S. 375-382

„… have been collected from the field. After delivering it to a stationary pelletising unit the bales are …” „… commonplace. Power stations have been adapted to this kind of use. Besides coal and oil, the power station in …” „… better Fig. 3: Advantages of pellets [5] VDI-Berichte Nr. 2300, 2017 377 absorption power than …”

T. Herlitzius, R. Hübner, A. Günther, C. Korn, S. Kirstein, S. Müller, J. Miunske Sensor study to identify process characteristics of crop and air flow in a combine harvester S. 583-590

„… housing, which is common for all sensors. The sensor interface only consists of power supply and …” „… CAN-interface. Circuit boards occupy 270 mm2 (30x90) and include power supply, photodiode array, LED with Lens …” „… of the boards is shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 2: Circuit boards (top: light receiving unit; bottom: light …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVII

„… R. Bumberger, Electric traction drive on a plough – More power for the 23 W. Klinger, driveline D …” „… OnBoard Networks – The AEF Power Interface 93 is ready to become an ISO standard Combine Harvesters H …” „… automatic calibration of tractor 291 G. Morandi, transmission control units G. Jacobs, A. Kramer K …”

A. Meiners, S. Häberle, S. Böttinger Advancement of the Hohenheim Tractor Model – Adaption on current demands S. 245-254

„… unit grain equivalent‘‘ results for evaluation. The model farms are defined from the identified …” „… , mechanical and electrical) and tractive power at the implement. Thus, it is possible to replace the …” „… assessment of the power distribution between the components is carried out supported by literature research …”

G. Happich, H. J. Nissen ISOBUS Automation – On the Road to TIM – How to secure liability for open TIM systems S. 469-476

„… and hitches. While attachments and implements bring process specific knowledge utilizing the power …” „… of the tractors. A natural next step is of course to have the implements control the power outlets …” „… components’ electronic control unit (ECU). The digital certificate ensures that the TIM counterpart of each …”

L. Meyer, P. Noyer Holistic Tractor Setup and Optimization System – CLAAS Electronic Machine Optimization for the Tractor S. 185-190

„… power, to boost productivity, in the production VDI-Berichte Nr. 2300, 2017 185 process. Besides the …” „… increase of machine dimensions and installed power the last two decades have brought the introduction of …” „… electronic control units and process knowledge, with a control strategy on an implement, to give the right …”

K. Wild, T. Schmiedel, D. Geißler, J. Rottmeier A hand-held measuring device for identifying the sharpness of knives in agricultural machinery S. 497-504

„… the sharpness of the employed knives. In a forage chopper, dull knives lead to a power requirement …” „… the measuring unit with the wire which rests on a load cell. In addition, there is a second measuring …” „… unit at the front end of the VDI-Berichte Nr. 2300, 2017500 sensing head (Fig. 4b). This is used for …”

J. Ettl, H. Bernhardt, K. Thuneke, E. Remmele, P. Emberger, G. Huber Real driving emissions of tractors during field work and on the test stand S. 391-398

„… compatible for rapeseed oil and diesel fuel operation while the engine control unit (ECU) settings remain …” „… in the results of the specific NOX emissions related to the power at the PTO shaft in Fig. 5. Fig …” „… less dynamic and demand more engine power than the legal transient test cycle (NRTC). A significant …”

B. Broholm, A. Morrison Combine Harvester Concave Adjustment System – Independent adjustment of the concave inlet and outlet clearance S. 111-116

„… crop Higher grain quality Higher straw quality Lower power consumption Less complicated …” „… the similar data for a transverse hybrid threshing unit. The charts show significant development …”

J. Schwehn, S. Häberle, S. Böttinger Development of energy requirements of tractors and implements S. 237-244

„… challenges in the 21st century. To reach sophisticated climate directives stated by legislative power, the …” „… usage of available conventional resources. In 2008, the legislative power of the European Union …” „… procedure consists of a power take-off test and three different tests, which are necessary for approval …”

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Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2018

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2328 2018

Results in this title

M. Werra, A. Ringleb, C. Sieg, F. Küçükay Thermal behavior of 48 V hybrid systems S. I-529-II-VI

„… : Range of temperatures of power electronics, stator winding and rotor unit with the P0 topology …” „… unit – and the power electronics were simulated with a new thermal model described in this paper. Based …” „… machine (EM). Applying a voltage level of 48 V combined with high power levels, the necessary cable …”

G. Hellenbroich, I. Steinberg, J. Ogrzewalla Powershift capable 2-Speed Electric Drive Unit for Light – Commercial Vehicles with Short Time to Market S. I-229-I-238

„… either power or torque capacity). As a result, FEV has built a 2-speed electric drive unit based on dual …” „… specifications of the drive unit are shown on Fig. 2. Fig. 2: Electric drive unit with 2-speed power …” „… compact coaxial unit. With a maximum power of 300 kW and a maximum output torque of 6,000 Nm at a dry …”

R. Stehr, A. Götz, M. Ciesek, S. Köpfler, M. Finsterbusch, R. Willeke Future Schaeffler CVT concepts with an innovative actuation system S. I-49-I-64

„… Power-on-Demand-Konzept mit zwei elektrohydraulischen Aktoren und einer Kühlölpumpe hinsichtlich Aktorleistungsklasse …” „… global transmission market. The power consumption of a traditional transmission oil pump represents the …” „… largest percentage of power loss today and is therefore the most important factor for improving the …”

C. Schmahl, W. Hildebrandt, D. Reith The impact of efficiency enhanced drivetrain components on the energy consumption of electric and conventional vehicles S. I-119-I-130

„… mechanical path of power transmission will become even more important. Introduction The development of …” „… electric drive unit. Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of the underlying drivetrains and the energy flows …” „… significantly influenced by the driving condition. In normal drive mode, the energy flows from the drive unit …”

R. Heckmann Fully automated EOL E-drive testing – Automation and modularity for efficient testing solutions S. II-73-II-84

„… electronics, control units, sensors and the high-voltage power supply, all of which use standard, existing …” „… testing technology, measurement technology and power management. For example, a wide range of electrical …” „… , mechanical and NVH characteristics, is integrated. The module also handles communications with control units …”

C. Danzer, T. Voigt, T. Günther, R. Tröger From fleet requirements to optimized Dedicated Hybrid Powertrains S. I-269-I-284

„… the engine. From the functional view, the additional electric power path offers a higher degree of …” „… power capacity. For this reason, hybridization often competes with engine measures like the …” „… system costs per powertrain unit is aspired. 2. Advanced Powertrain Development Methods The aim of …”

R. Savelsberg, P. Griefnow, G. Birmes, A. Sehr Advanced powertrain functions of 48 V hybrid vehicles – Efficient powertrains does not exclude driving pleasure S. I-499-I-516

„… auxiliary units. Auxiliary power units driven by the belt, such as the air-conditioning system, can …” „… combustion engine power. The 48 V system consists of a 8 Ah high power battery with lithium iron phosphate …” „… components directly via the 48 V power net, since losses during conversion from 48 V to 12 V and the higher …”

H. Neurath, L. Frerichs Holistic method to find suitable drivetrain technology and architecture – How available information can be used to reduce development complexity S. III-57-III-70

„… be powered by one supply unit. The following graphic is used to visualize the ability to power …” „… still the most used drive technologies in mobile applications, due to their power density. Despite the …” „… controllability [1]. Current disadvantages, such as power density and component costs are weakening, due to …”

I. Andrasec, B. Jeitler AVL’s future hybrid X mode – A modular transmission family concept S. I-211-I-228

„… transmission length ranges from less than 365 to 380 mm, again depending on the LoE. The result is a power …” „… introduced as belt starter generator; advanced e-motors with 20 kW or higher power enable new possibilities …” „… an associated gear train, an inverter, a battery, a control unit, a charger and the wiring between …”

T. Smejkal, C. Wirth Innovative transmission topologies using the example of a P2-hybridtransmission for front-transverse applications S. I-147-I-162

„… synthesized in this way qualify excellently for transmissions with high power density in limited installation …” „… ensuring full power shiftability (up and down shifts). The proposed gear box consists of only three …” „… compactly. The structure of the transmission as well as the power flows and shiftability of the gears will …”

M. Paal, K. Graner Electrical drives in mobile machines – Current trends & drivers, resulting requirements and considerations on their implementation S. III-9-III-20

„… Entscheidungen fällen. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 2018 9 Die Business Unit Antriebssystemtechnik bei der …” „… number of components and the higher total drive power to be installed (distribution via cardan shafts is …” „… power for vehicles that cannot be supplied from batteries in the foreseeable future. Second, high speed …”

G. van Spijk, A. Klaassen, A. van der Leest, A. Brandsma, M. Tweehuysen CVT: dedicated to hybrid solutions – Setting the benchmark on all KPI’s S. I-65-I-78

„… definition for all: Vehicle: small SUV (1450 kg) Power train reference: conventional CVT Concept …” „… optimized for this vehicle category (power, ratio’s, etc.) e-machines standardized as much as possible …” „… . 450 W auxiliary power is included for all systems. In order to keep the outcome independent from …”

K. Bennewitz, A. Mann Powertrain electrification exemplified by the VW Golf S. II-135-II-168

„… Volkswagen lithium-ion battery system as energy storage a significant increase in driving range and power …” „… sold battery electric vehicles (BEV) can compensate for emission limitations exceeding units …” „… electric motor outlining power outputs of 80 kW and 85 kW respectively. The lithium-ion batteries keep …”

D. Güth, J. Haupt, T. Gassmann Seamless-shift two-speed eAxle with torque vectoring S. I-255-I-268

„… developed the eTwinsterX, a new type of very compact electrical drive unit that features a two-speed gearbox …” „… Today’s trends in power train development are very much focused on electrification due to increased …” „… . Meeting these market and legal requirements, GKN as a supplier of conventional and electrified power …”

F. Mühlfeld, M. Hochrein, N. Schmidt-Winkel, J. Buhl Electrified automated manual transmission (eAMT) – Synergies by combining an electric drive with an automated transmission S. I-197-I-210

„… hybrid manager, which might be integrated in the engine control unit, into an “electrical torque demand …” „… internal combustion engine if more power is needed as the engine can provide. Electric driving …” „… at idle speed. Free-Wheeling: In driving situations that require little power the internal …”

M. Mileti, H. Pflaum, K. Stahl TorqueLINE cone clutch: Thermo-mechanical stability of cone clutches for ATs S. I-357-I-368

„… power density and the capability of performing powershifts while still guaranteeing excellent shifting …” „… however a perceptible reduction in shifting comfort. To unite the advantages of a multiple disc friction …” „… reduces, remaining the load equal, specific friction loss – i.e. the energy loss per unit area …”

J. van der Meer, G. Hangen, J. Uhlig The new plug-in hybrid module as an addition to the AUDI S tronic gearbox family – Design, layout and manufacture S. I-451-I-464

„… method was further developed for series production in order to meet the demand for efficiency and power …” „… installation space it is possible to house the electric drive motor with internal rotor in one cooling unit …” „… / rotor / stator / cooling unit / sensors) VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 2018 453 3) Stator and rotor …”

T. Högnäs, G. Beldie 48 volt torque vectoring electric rear drive module (eRDM) – Excellent driving dynamics with significant CO2 savings S. I-517-I-528

„… high current losses at a nominal 12V standard, which constrains the electrical power, torque available …” „… constitute the traditional means for driveline power management in performance oriented All-Wheel Drive (AWD …” „… shafts attaching to the sides of the unit. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 2018518 Fig. 2: 48V Torque Vectoring …”

R. Bredtmann, M. Beck, O. Mühlfeld, K. Olesen, O. Shajarati Robust multi-chip power module for effective integration to automotive powertrains – Danfoss DCM™1000 meets future automotive requirements S. II-1-II-18

„… Qualification of Power Modules for Use in Power Electronics Converter Units (PCUs) in Motor Vehicles, Nürnberg …” „… Robust Multi-Chip Power Module for effective Integration to Automotive Powertrains Danfoss DCM …” „… , Klaus Olesen, Omid Shajarati, Danfoss Silicon Power GmbH, Flensburg Zusammenfassung Die neue …”

A. Viehmann, R. König, S. Rinderknecht Investigation of gear shifts in a parallel-series hybrid powertrain with dog clutches in a demonstrator vehicle (two-drive-transmission with range-extender, DE-REX) S. I-323-I-346

„… electric motors, all HV components (HV battery, Power Distribution Unit (PDU) and On-Board Charger (OBC …” „… extender which allows driving the vehicle with ICE power. Alternatively, it can charge the battery in …” „… power of 65 kW is used as parallel range-extender. The electric motors are two identical permanent …”

C. Körtgen, G. Morandi, G. Jacobs, Achim Kramer Efficient development by means of automated calibration of tractor control units S. III-45-III-56

„… Efficient development by means of automated calibration of tractor control units Dipl.-Ing …” „… controllable tractor speed, which is widely achieved by modern power split transmissions. Optimizing the …” „… swivel angle of the hydraulic pump by the transmission control unit (TCU) of the tractor. To achieve …”

D. Engelmann, S. Herr Validierung neuer Funktionen eines mechanischen Antriebsstrangs für mobile Arbeitsmaschinen mit radindividueller Steuerung S. III-81-III-82

„… drive trains to power the driving and working tasks. There are continuous efforts to optimize both …” „… differentials, only fixed gears. Hence, it behaves like a locked powertrain transferring power mechanically by …” „… torques for each wheel independently by means of a dedicated electrical control unit. Compared with …”

A. Schmidt, H.-P. Fleischmann Enhancement of a dual clutch transmission kit – AUDI S tronic – Version for All-Wheel Drive, Increase of Torque and HV Electrification S. I-33-I-48

„… assemblies: electric drive motor, cooling unit, separating clutch between electric drive motor and combustion …” „… power densities, the electric machine stator is manufactured in a winding process newly developed for …” „… provided in the mechatronic unit, which has no influence on the compact dimensions of the standard …”

Y. Endo Development of new torque converter lockup control for new generation of infiniti QX50 S. I-79-I-94

„… launch and re-acceleration. As a result, both power performance and driveability are attained at the …” „… issues of power performance and driveability, along with the application of a low-capacity torque …” „… control of the gear ratio at all times in response to the driver’s demands. This works to optimize power …”

W. van Harselaar, M. Brouwer, T. Hofman A generic transmission model for hybrid electric drives – Integration of the dynamic behavior of all conventional-, electric-, and hybrid-transmission mode types in a single model S. I-163-I-180

„… average efficiencies of the power sources over the driving cycle Description Unit Two-mode SEE Fuel …” „… and rotational speed of all power sources of the drivetrain. The inputs of the model are the torque …” „… defines which power sources a vehicle contains, and how these power sources are connected to the wheels …”

S. Prebeck, M. Hiemer Requirements for agricultural and construction machinery drivetrains derived from “autonomous driving” S. III-105-III-106

„… hydrostatic unit to serve as “alternative brake”. In addition to x-by-wire controllability, a further …” „… calculating power for the drivetrain controller. Additionally teaching-in of algorithms for pattern …”

M. Kneißler, R. Welter, M. Baumann Entry hybridization of manual transmission drivetrains – A review of P0/P1 structures with an automated clutch S. I-305-I-322

„… converter in a wide range [2, 3]. In parallel, advanced control units, cooling strategies and lubrication …” „… recuperate at an adequate power level. So far, the driver will perceive the added functionality in a positive …” „… combining the same drive unit with different adaptors: hydraulic with an integrated reservoir …”

N. Dudin, S. Ott, A. Albers, R. Misch, T. Rochlitzer Virtualizing validation processes of electrified powertrain generations S. II-47-II-72

„… ). In both states, it controls the proportion and flow of power between ICE, EM, propulsion battery …” „… resulting software and calibration data are put into plausibility tests mainly on control unit test-rigs (4 …” „… ). Certain in-house developed software functions are also verified in control unit simulation environments …”

U. Reichert, F. Busch, S. Ott, K. Bause Potential of lightweight design of a vehicle transmission by usage of high strength steels S. I-369-I-384

„… detail. These serve as reference values for optimizing the gear unit and are re-dimensioned using …” „… installation space and mass inertia of the optimized gear unit can be calculated in comparison to the …” „… reference gear unit. The lightweight construction potential is illustrated using the example of a dual …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-I-I-X

„… Unit for Light – Commercial Vehicles with Short Time to Market …” „… � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 441 B. Chamberlin, BorgWarner Power Drive Systems, USA; E. Gold, BorgWarner Transmission Systems …”

G. Bednarek, K. Geratz, H. Chariou The all-new 8-speed AT for the Opel Grandland X S. I-1-I-10

„… improved shift quality. Figure 2: Power flow of G-Series transmissions [3] The overall gear ratio spread of …” „… 2,955 3,234 / 3,54 clutches 4 4 4 brakes 1 disk, 1 band 2 disks 2 disks ATF AW-1 AW-2 AW-2 Unit Gear …” „… Figure 10 shows the AVL-DriveTM ratings of power-on upshifts for the new G-Series compared to the …”

K.-P. Fritsch Industry 4.0 in the automatic transmission production S. I-397-I-412

„… quantities without a significant increase of unit costs, even if these were not known when the system was …” „… Processing Unit). It enables resource-efficient calculations with high scalability. The focus here is on the …” „… , a cooperation with the competence center "Power4Production" also located in Saarbrücken was started …”

L. Dedeleit, M. Ayeb, L. Brabetz Short circuit calculation of permanent magnet synchronous machines with comsol multiphysics S. II-197-III-VII

„… , the usual motorization of electric and hybrid vehicles. PMSM are characterized by high power densities …” „… bench by short-circuiting the DUT using sufficiently dimensioned short power lines connected on a …” „… Automated gearbox synthesis and evaluation of electric power-split transmissions …”

F. Leonardi, A. Munoz, L. Guo, F. Liang, M. Degner Electric machine design approaches for electrified powertrains S. II-169-II-182

„… have high torque density, low energy loss over driving cycles, wide constant-power speed-range, and …” „… , torque per unit of current, efficiency and cost. Simpler studies looked only at the machine, while the …” „… trade off with other subsystems, achieving VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 2018 171 high torque and power …”

M. Hein, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Holistic approach for fatigue life design of vehicle transmissions S. I-131-I-146

„… , power-to-weight ratio and load carrying capacity is possible. Apart from that, designing a new kind of gearbox for …” „… demands regarding efficiency, power-to-weight ratio and load carrying capacity is possible. Common methods …” „… . For vehicle transmissions, the primary design objective often is to increase the power …”

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Commercial Vehicles 2019

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2350 2019

Results in this title

M. Lamke, M. Eisele, F.-D. Speck ZF Kit for E-Mobility Products for Commercial Vehicles S. 73-86

„… all inverter power classes. Therefore, the vehicle control unit can be combined with different …” „… central electronic control unit coordinates the interaction between electric motors and power electronics …” „… recuperation, which means the battery size required is only < 8 kWh, whereas the power of the electric motor …”

G. Nitzsche, J. Engasser, P. Mentink AEROFLEX – Advanced Energy Management in Distributed Powertrains S. 281-292

„… developments. In addition to aerodynamic measures, smart loading units and safety developments, a distributed …” „… ). The pulling unit is a diesel 6x2 rigid truck with the Global Energy and Torque Management System …” „… combinations. In addition it shall show, that distributed powertrains can help to power longer vehicle …”

N. Berger Energy-recuperation as business-case for semitrailers – Smart electrification solution for semitrailers S. 99-102

„… units (TRUs) - when maneuvering at the depot and port facilities and get an additional boost on uphill …” „… diesel engine to power the TRU. This usually has neither emission control nor noise reduction and …” „… integrated inside the axle tube) in various power & torque variants power electronics vehicle control …”

G. Schünemann The eTrailer – Intelligent hybridization for heavy duty commercial vehicles – Electric drive installed in a semi-trailer and integrated in the truck & trailer overall brake system control leading to s... S. 87-98

„… electrification of power trains and auxiliary units. Especially in the heavy commercial vehicle sector, power …” „… . The typical power requirement of a semitrailer combination with a total weight of 40 tons and a …” „… resistance. Even with no losses in the power train, a storage capacity of about 190 kWh would be required for …”

D. Vorgerd The Mercedes-Benz eCitaro – A modular concept for sustainable electro mobility in city bus operations S. 9-18

„… and high power opportunity charging. The battery strategy contains two technological options with NMC …” „… motors that this power is fully available right from the start. Thus, dynamic performance is ensured …” „… drive and auxiliary units. In harsh winters, the consumption can rise to about 2 kWh/km, thus halving …”

K. Feyerabend Over The Air Software Updates for commercial vehicle trailers – How to ensure latest software in all trailer ECUs S. 231-242

„… units, see Figure 3. The only mandatory control unit on the trailer is the trailer antilock braking …” „… control units on the trailer vary depending on the usage profile and control the trailer body functions …” „… aligned interface to these units,. There is also an increasing trend seen in the transport industry to …”

A. Danninger, E. Armengaud, N. Knopper Implementation of Powertrain control for economic, low real driving emissions and fuel consumption – Measures for Fuel consumption reduction in Long Haul traffic S. 293-312

„… Control Units and powertrain configurations Objective 4: Analysis and validation of the project …” „… geographic area. The current traffic flow status is delivered in map tile format to the in-vehicle units and …” „… Management Supervisor (EMS). The EMS strategy is responsible for defining the overall velocity and power …”

M. Fritz Modular Platform Approach for Electric Drive System in Commercial Vehicles S. 103-114

„… the high degree of modularization of the power electronics enables solutions adapted to the available …” „… interaction between electric motor, power switches and motor control has essential impact. Zusammenfassung …” „… systems (EDS) which besides electric motors contains power electronics hardware as well as software. The …”

C. Luján The new vehicle energy consumption calculation tool (VECTO) for heavy-duty vehicles – Scope and limitations S. 269-280

„… the motoring curve. The engine full load curve defines the power and torque curves of the engine …” „… and axle general provisions The transmission of power from the engine to the tyres and wheels …” „… to the original equipment manufacturers. 2.2.5 Auxiliaries VECTO also considers the power …”

A. Banerjee, P. Kniess, F. Tenbrock, M. Mohr, G. Gumpoltsberger ZF Assistance Functions for Swap Body Trucks – Functional innovations support trucks for the autonomous, safe and efficient handling of containers at depots S. 123-136

„… themselves have little power to influence this, particularly as they have another pressing issue to deal …” „… a very environmentfriendly way and locally maneuver at the depots using electric power only and with …” „… three camera and laser units; a receiver for precise, global navigation satellite system VDI-Berichte …”

G. Milton, H.-M. Koegeler, R. Varnhagen Validating the fuel consumption of trucks featuring a dynamic electronic horizon in real world traffic: methods and results S. 149-174

„… electronic control units (ECUs) for functions such as cruise control, engine control or transmission control …” „… software module in the telematic unit. In passenger cars the electronic horizon provider is a software …” „… simple in the case where the electronic horizon is implemented in the telematics unit. In the back end …”

W. Schmitt, P. Huse, R. Koehnsen A new chassis-concept for electrified, light commercial vehicles based on innovative forming technologies S. 61-72

„… chassis-concept for light commercial vehicles driven by alternative power units. It is based on a bionic inspired …” „… process after the linear flow splitting unit the bifurcated semi-finished product can be formed to …” „… , 201966 Therefor a bending unit is added directly after the outlet of the final linear flow splitting unit …”

J. Hintereder, S. Sattler, U. Gunzert Development of a disruptive semitrailer tractor in light-weight construction S. 45-60

„… changes in their market. To name just the most important changes, these include more drive power, more …” „… was also made to simplify the arrangement and connection of the units (control units, valves …” „… to calculate in advance, and because the masses of some of the new prototype units were not …”

G. Nitzsche, S. Wagner, N. Belov helyOS – Highly Efficient Online Yard Operating System S. 329-338

„… steerby-wire. With these two technologies the truck can be manoeuvred completely by an electric control unit …” „… or in an internet cloud. It provides the main computation power and a database and implements the …”

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38. Internationales Wiener Motorensymposium 27.-28. April 2017

Hans Peter Lenz (ed.)

Series: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Volume 802 2017

Results in this title

P. Ramminger, R. Matthé, M. Herrmann, R. Jäger Das elektrische Antriebssystem im neuen Opel Ampera-e/The Electric Propulsion System in the New Opel Ampera-e S. II-1-II-13

„… . Through extensive analysis, the primary propulsion system components, which include the drive unit …” „… , traction electric motor, power electronics, energy storage and on-board charging module, were optimized …” „… improvements in propulsion system energy, power, torque and efficiency. The results deliver outstanding EV …”

N. Saito, K. Nagumo, M. Yamamoto, A. Hiraide, M. Sugishita, H. Chiba, T. Brachmann Das Brennstoffzellensystem des Honda CLARITY FUEL CELL und Honda‘s Beitrag zur Realisierung der Wasserstoffgesellschaft /Fuel Cell System for Honda CLARITY FUEL CELL and Activity towards the Hydrogen ... S. I-41-I-60

„… As a result, fuel cell system, voltage control unit and motor unit are integrated into one fuel cell …” „… FUEL CELL has a volume power density at the world’s top level, 60% higher than that of previous stacks …” „… .8). In normal fuel cell stacks, the unit formed by an MEA and two separators is considered one …”

Toshihiro Hirai Strategische Zukunft: Powertrain-Vision für Morgen/Strategic Future: Powertrain Vision for Tomorrow S. I-1-I-13

„… power unit combining a gasoline engine and a Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) motor. The “e-POWER” has …” „… combustion engines has already been seen. In order to have the internal combustion engines as valuable power …” „… engines, power plants, etc. One of the key points is how the internal combustion engines is used. By …”

P. Krähenbühl, G. Dellora, S. Golini, F. Pidello Die Führungsrolle von FPT Industrial im Bereich Erdgastechnologien für Industriemotoren /FPT Industrial’s Leadership in Natural Gas Technologies for Industrial Engines S. I-269-I-284

„… power and torque as the diesel version, in line with the FPT’s natural gas development strategy …” „… power: 294 kW (+18% vs. competition) • Max torque: 1700 Nm (+6% vs. competition) • Service interval …” „… Power [hp] 400 330 400 Max Power [kW] 294 243 294 Max Torque [Nm] 1700 1300 1700 Weight [kg] 870 880 …”

T. Toda, M. Sakai, M. Hakariya, T. Kato Der neue 2.5L Reihen-4-Zylinder-Ottomotor mit Toyota Neue Global Architektur Konzept /The New Inline 4 Cylinder 2.5L Gasoline Engine with Toyota New Global Architecture Concept S. I-71-I-100

„… realize the higher specific power with lower fuel consumption and exhaust gas emissions, a further …” „… a result, over 40% thermal efficiency and over 60kW/L specific power have been achieved. By …” „… hybrid vehicle (HV). In order to achieve even higher targets both thermal efficiency and specific power …”

S. Kiga, K. Moteki, S. Kojima Die weltweit erste Serienproduktion eines Motors mit variablem Verdichtungsverhältnis – Der neue Nissan VC-T Motor /The World’s First Production Variable Compression Ratio Engine – The New Nissan VC-T... S. II-24-II-42

„… compression ratio from 14 (thermal efficiency) to 8 (high power), thereby achieving a betterthan-ever balance …” „… customers. So, without a doubt internal combustion engines will continue to be the main power source for …” „… control shaft. A new Harmonic Drive® gear unit capable of a high reduction ratio in compact space and …”

A. Lippert, C. Trapp, J. Laubach, C. Nelson, F. Nota, A. Avagliano, N. Prendiville GE’s J920 Großgasmotor kombiniert wegweisende Technologien und innovatives Digital Monitoring, um mehr als 50 % elektrischen Wirkungsgrad zu erreichen /GE’s J920 Large Gas Engine Incorporates Latest T... S. I-285-II-X

„… 200 mg/Nm³ NOx 6. Bauteiloptimierung Power-Unit Von zentraler Bedeutung für die Power-Unit …” „… . Abbildung 15 Aktualisiertes Power-Unit-Design mit reduzierten Spitzentemperaturen 38. Internationales …” „… . Prendiville, GE Distributed Power, Jenbach GE’s J920 Großgasmotor kombiniert wegweisende Technologien und …”

C. A. Sharp, C. Henry, G. Neely, S. Rengarajan, J. Sarlashkar, C. C. Webb, S. Yoon Bewertung und Darstellung von Technologien zur Erreichung niedrigster NOx-Emissionen am Beispiel eines NFZ-Dieselmotors /Evaluation and Demonstration of Ultra Low NOx Technologies for an On-Highway Di... S. II-164-II-184

„… Rated Power 361 kW Rated Speed 1477 RPM Peak Torque 3050 Nm Peak Torque 1050 RPM Fuel System F2 …” „… catalyst. The SCRF had significantly lower storage capacity per unit volume. Therefore despite being …” „… and the preceeding idle period. The average power during the non-idle portion of the cycle was in …”

T. Körfer, C. Menne, B. Lindemann, T. Szailer Die neue Generation sauberer Dieselmotoren – vollumfängliche Erfüllung der weltweit strengsten Emissionsnormen /Next Generation Clean Diesel Engines – Tailored Measures for Compliance with Upcoming Gl... S. II-279-II-307

„… driving operation. The comprehensive system optimization continues. Future power trains must be designed …” „… unit with the highest thermodynamic efficiency and, in comparable applications, still has overall CO2 …” „… Verdichtungsverhältnis 15,4 : 1 Piston Bowl Wide -bowl Rated Power (@ Eng. Speed) 142 kW (4000 1/min) Rated Torque …”

J. Scharf, J. Ogrzewalla, K. Wolff, T. Uhlmann, M. Thewes, A. Balazs, P. Grzeschik, M. Görgen, S. Yadla, H. Baumgarten, M. Wittler, C. Nebbia Ottomotoren für Hybrid-Antriebe – Hochtechnologie oder Low-Cost Aggregate? /Gasoline Engines for Hybrid Powertrains – High Tech or Low Cost? S. I-214-I-248

„… .-% Ethanol (Deu: Ottokr. m. 10 Vol.-% Ethanol) ECU Engine Control Unit (Deu: Motorsteuergerät) EM …” „… , H., Scharf, J., Birmes, G., Balazs, A., Lehrheuer, B., Hoppe, F.: Water Injection – High Power and …” „… : Versuchsmasse); siehe auch WLTP-L u. WLTP-H USA United States of America, Market USA (Deu: Ver. Staaten von …”

M. R. Jolly, K. Salonitis Rohstoffverarbeitung, Motorenfertigung und CO2-Ausstoß auf der Straße: Wie kann die Automobilindustrie bestmöglich zu ökologischer Nachhaltigkeit beitragen? /Primary Manufacturing, Engine Production a... S. II-379-II-398

„… designed for the same cylinder configuration and often higher power. Based on the results of the …” „… , Dip. Eng., Senior Lecturer in Manufacturing Systems Cranfield University, Cranfield, United Kingdom …” „… midterm review in the United States [8]. An NRC report from 2010 [9] states that for 1% and 5% weight …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186802125

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Drivetrain Solutions for Commercial Vehicles

VDI Wissensform GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2421 2023

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G. Wiche Voith Central Drive Concept for HD Trucks S. 181-190

„… between peak and continuous power. The new IGBT-based inverter contains an exclusively developed ECU for …” „… have an installed braking power of 650kW and more. With the VEDS HD+, the same driving profile and …” „… Overview The Voith Electric Drive System VEDS HD+ is distinguished by a modular design. The core drive unit …”

L. Heber, M. Helmich, J. Schwab, T. Knobelspies, M. Kober, F. Rinderknecht Thermoelectric Generators for Heavy-Duty Vehicles as an Economical Waste Heat Recovery System – Holistic design and evaluation with the use of modern simulation methods S. 109-122

„… active material. The smallest unit is the so-called pair of legs, see Fig. 2 on the left. Due to the …” „… vehicle, this could be used to supply (engine) control unit, pumps, headlights, etc., or charge the …” „… control box with power electronics for the test bench tests. The geometrical design example shown in fig …”

M. Trahand Drivetrain architectures and vehicle integration: The evolution and advantages of in-wheel propulsion for heavy-duty commercial vehicles S. 123-134

„… , auxiliary power units (APUs), or other on-board auxiliary systems and technology.  Medium- and heavy-duty …” „… mo-tors into a variety of vehicle architectures. The ConMet eMobility business unit has launched the …” „… . 2421, 2023 123results, showing diesel savings on the trailer transport refrigeration unit (TRU) as well …”

F. Bayer, D. Mühlgrabner AVL Fuel Cell Demo Truck – System Integration and electrical Development S. 1-12

„… entwickelte Power Distribution Unit, welche verglichen mit PKW PDUs einen deutlich erhöhten Funktionsumfang …” „… , 2023 9 Bild 7: Y-Kapazitäten AVL Power Distribution Unit Aus dem PKW-Bereich wurde das Verständnis …” „… geprägt, dass Power Distribution Units (kurz PDUs) nur einfache Boxen mit wenigen Sicherungen und …”

B. Meurer The next level of an improved Truck-Trailer connection and interaction – Examples for Electrification and Automated Driving S. 29-36

„… axle bridge, hairpin electric motor, 3-speed gear, silicon carbide power electronics and control unit …” „… cooling unit of a reefer trailer to reach the environmental targets of many cities by 2025. The second …” „… enables integration with eWorX, ZF’s electric power take-off sys-tem, to supply reefers or other external …”

C. Schmidt Fault analysis of truck drivelines using big data methods S. 149-160

„… evaluated using control unit diagnostic data. If representative correlations between fault patterns and …” „… power demand In this analysis, the aim is to determine the time intervals during which constant peak …” „… power is demanded in real-world customer usage profiles. This information is crucial for designing a …”

J. Hohn, M. Fister, C. Spieker, A. Lemmer Optimisation of an unsynchronized transmission for commercial vehicles up to 7 tonnes S. 161-174

„… numbers of units and the associated large development effort. This process is to be further supported by …” „… , this enables completely independent control of the two sliding sleeves with two separate shift units …” „… . Furthermore, the use of two separate shift units enables smaller travels during the shifting process and thus …”

B. Wunderlich Development of an heavy duty eAxle for worldwide application within Daimler Truck portfolio S. 175-180

„… carrier represents the compact electric drive unit, including 2 eMachines, an automated 2-speed gearbox …” „… unsprang mass and lower vibration profile for eMotor and electronic control units (ECUs). On the other hand …” „… kW peak power each. g. Two inverts based on IGBT technology VDI-Berichte Nr. 2421, 2023178 Fig. 3 …”

H. Heimes, A. Kampker, M. Kehrer, S. Hagedorn, P. Euchner Packaging concepts for fuel cell commercial vehicles – From practical to application-oriented designs S. 13-28

„… vehicle. The back of the cab is used for storing radiators, the cooling unit and all necessary control …” „… units. The battery is placed in the middle of the drive train, between the fuel tanks. [7] VDI-Berichte …” „… electric drive unit is located on top of the front axis and the batteries around the rear axis, which …”

A. Rozum, R. Uerlich, G. Witham, L. Eckstein Modular powertrains for heavy-duty electric vehicles – From concept to prototype S. 191-XII

„… operating points with high power demand have a total duration under 10 sec over a whole cycle (marked grey …” „… marked in red within the figure. The VECTO requirements for nominal torque & power and previously …” „… : Torque und power demand for a 42 t truck Fig. 3 shows that continuous power of roughly 300 kW and nominal …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024218

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Testen und Validieren elektrischer Antriebsstränge

VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2412 2023

Results in this title

A. J. Wimmer, T. Pletzer Testen bei hohen Drehzahlen und höchsten Leistungen: Herausforderungen und Lösungen – Innovative Prüfstandsaufbauten und Nachrüstlösungen für bestehende Systeme S. 1-18

„… overview of customer requirements for intended units under test (UUT), Fig. 1 shows the power, speed, and …” „… different installation angles. Fig. 17: Basic layout of power-split unit (yellow) with cut-out segment …” „… . Fig. 18: Turnable power-split unit with cut-out segment allows different axle positions (e. g. “1 …”

F. Duchi, M. Ivarson, B. Wultsch Novel Methodology of E-Drive testing, calibration and optimization S. 45-72

„… methodology to optimize the calibration of the inverter control unit, guarantee that the electrical drive …” „… . However, the inverter is the key component that convert DC voltage from the battery into AC to power the …” „… spilt of responsibility for different aspects of the characteristics of the electrical drive unit (EDU …”

M. Fischer Test von Antriebsumrichtern in einer virtuellen Umgebung bei voller Leistung S. 25-36

„… .: Enhanced Power Electronics System for High-Performance Testing of Motor Control Units in a Power HIL …” „… Testing in a Virtual Environment at Full Power Manuel Fischer, dSPACE GmbH, Paderborn Kurzfassung Die …” „… Validierungsprozess beschleunigen. Power-Hardware-in-the-Loop (PHIL)-Prüfstände bilden das Verhalten elektrischer …”

J. Teigelkötter, J. Büdel, K. Kuhlmann Stoßstromversuche zur Qualifizierung von sicherheitsrelevanten Komponenten im Antriebsstrang eines Elektrofahrzeuges S. 161-172

„… . Stock, T. Kowalski und K. Lang, "Qualification and verification of high-power battery systems for …” „… traction application," 2017 19th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'17 ECCE …” „… . Teigelkötter, A. Stock, K. Kuhlmann, K. Lang, und P. Ott: Testing of High-Power Traction Batteries. SMSI 2021 …”

J. Funck Statische und dynamische Methoden zur Flussvermessung an permanenterregten Synchronmotoren S. 173-XII

„… that allows to obtain the same results without an additional load unit. Instead, it uses the torque …” „… Electric Machinery and Drive Systems. IEEE Press Series on Power Engineering. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024126

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