Zusammenfassung
Foreword
Gears bear great responsibility in present times, where the conditions for mechanical engineering and especially for drive technology are changing faster than ever. Megatrends, such as circular economy, decarbonization, green pressure, digitalization, zero waste and several more represent global challenges - but at the same time they are unforeseen opportunities for drives in industry, energy generation and mobility. Gear engineers must find answers to these research questions and provide solutions.
Topics like gear efficiency improvements, performance enhancement of plastic gears, new measurement methods and additive manufacturing are in the focus of the VDI International Conference on Gears 2022 in Garching / Munich. One interesting question is, if we can anticipate break-through innovations to address the challenges above. The opening session of the conference addresses this very question: “What will be the next game-changing innovations and technologies in gear design and production?”.
In the main part of the conference within 40 specialized sessions the latest developments and research results in powertrain industry and academic research are presented and discu...
Schlagworte
Roller pairing gear root bending gear test gear mesh excitation grinding zone angular speed helical gears smart gear system downsizing automotive tranmission thread linking bevel and hypoid waer gear geometry optimization FEM analysis- 1–2 Foreword 1–2
- 3–14 Keynotes 3–14
- 75–118 NVH 75–118
- 119–156 EHL contact 119–156
- 265–304 Gear strength 265–304
- 305–342 Wear 305–342
- 343–388 Bevel and hypoid gears 343–388
- 389–432 Planetary gears 389–432
- 469–510 Enhanced testing methods 469–510
- 511–532 Gear dynamics 511–532
- 573–608 FEM analysis 573–608
- 715–762 Friction 715–762
- 903–926 High speed gears 903–926
- 927–1018 Poster Exhibition 927–1018
- 1019–1060 Applications 1019–1060
- 1061–1098 Material properties 1061–1098
- 1099–1148 Gear strength testing 1099–1148
- 1181–1208 Geometry effects 1181–1208
- 1249–1268 Lubrication 1249–1268
- 1269–1304 Tribological investigation 1269–1304
- 1383–1410 Gear soft machining 1383–1410
- 1447–1488 Advances in special gearings 1447–1488
- 1489–1528 Modeling in gear production 1489–1528
- 1529–1568 Measurement technology 1529–1568
- 1569–1582 Gear hard machining 1569–1582
72 Treffer gefunden
- „... geometric features and is usually modeled by the finite element (FE) method. However, the huge number of ...” „... requirements is obtained. In previous studies, beam elements were usually used to simulate shafting flexibility ...” „... of beam elements has not yet been unified. The optimal combination of beam element stiffness and mass ...”
- „... . It is developed to calculate friction in tooth/tooth and rolling element/raceway or rolling ...” „... element/rib contacts. Pressure distribution, surface speed distribution and lubricant properties as described ...” „... transmission system development. Key element of this endeavors always is to reduce energy losses and increase ...”
- „... dimensioning of the wheel body, the service life calculation of rolling element bearings and the selection of ...” „... specific machine elements are embedded in a systematic sequence. As a result, the model is capable to work ...” „... on individual machine elements or on the evaluation of a specific requirement, such as load capacity ...”
- „... material and quality of all machine elements. For a complete modular system of gearboxes, this task is very ...” „... time-consuming if applied to each individual machine element and gearbox in turn. Thus, a fully automated ...” „... capacity of each machine element and an optimum gear unit efficiency for relevant operating conditions. For ...”
- „... ., Velex, P., Dureisseix, D., Cutuli, P. “A mortar based mesh interface for hybrid finite element/lumped ...” „... Element models, strain energies and quasi-static transmission errors. It is shown that, whenever solid ...” „... 2D spur gear model combining finite element and analytical models [10]. Abousleiman et al. [11] and ...”
- „... discrete addition of the forces along the cutting edge over all individual cross-section elements. For the ...” „... ]. For a detailed analysis of the thermomechanical load in the gear hobbing process, Finite Ele-ment ...” „... RT elements, while the stationary tool was meshed using C3D8RT elements with LAGRANGIAN formulation ...”
- „... Prof. Dr. Ing. A. Mihailidis, Dipl.-Ing. A. Psarros, Laboratory of Machine Elements and Machine Design ...” „... Fig. 1: Gear data of the modelled gear pair 3. Finite Element Modelling 3.1 Meshing The initial mesh ...” „... study, the general-purpose tetrahedral elements C3D4 were used with maximum element length 1mm. The ...”
- „... ] Abousleiman, V., and Velex, P., “A Hybrid 3D Finite Element/Lumped Parameter Model for Quasi-Static and ...” „... sparse. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2389, 2022 389Commercially available finite element softwares require ...” „... ]. Improving upon this, hybrid models [5–8] have been proposed which employ a combination of finite element and ...”
- „... interaction of oil with machine elements. Guided oil flow can increase gearbox efficiency and improve heat ...” „... guidance of oil flow ensures the sufficient oil supply of machine elements. Numerous research studies point ...” „... investigations regarding lubrication of machine elements and gearboxes. Multiphase simulations based on the FVM ...”
- „... Elements, Gears & Transmissions, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern; S. Schmidt, M.Eng., Prof. Dr.-Ing ...” „... developed computational tool provides full coupling between finite element analysis (FEA) and local ...” „... viscoelastic material behavior. In [5], a computational environment is presented that uses finite element ...”
- „... gearset misalignment, a Finite Element Analysis (FEA) model is set up for an existing application of the ...” „... complete assembly of a passenger car rear axle. Results of the finite element analysis deliver a clear ...” „... variants is then used to perform a loaded Tooth Contact Analysis (TCA) with a finite element TCA, utilising ...”
- „... finite element simulation and experimental study for the initial rolling indexing are carried out with ...” „... Z1=33 d1=11.5 mm Finite Element Geometry Model The geometric model of cold roll-forming of gear ...” „... element plastic mesh. The minimum size of automatic remeshing is about 0.1 mm. The local mesh density ...”
- „... ., Quebec, Canada;F. Mieth, Institute of Machine Elements and Machine Design (IMM), Faculty of Mechanical ...” „... of Machine Elements and Machine Design (IMM), Faculty of Mechanical Science and Engineering ...” „... K. Daubach, M. Oehler, B. Sauer, Institute of Machine Elements, Gears & Transmissions, Technische ...”
- „... ., Kiel; K. Daubach, W. Kassem, M. Oehler, O. Koch, Chair of Machine Elements, Gears and Tribology ...” „... issues are various deformations of machine elements, mutual stiffening of mating components and proper ...” „... finite-element-methods (FEM) to calculate the flexibility of the gears. However, these programs often still rely on ...”
- „... more suitable for the determination. 1. Introduction An internal gear is one of the key elements for ...” „... facilitate contact problems appearing meshing gear teeth with tooth-flank-film elements[10]. The ...” „... tooth-flank-film element is a virtual element placed on a tooth flank that enables a tooth contact area to be ...”
- „... elements of the immutable bending compliance matrix. Afterwards the linearised system of equations for the ...” „... ), the sum of the stiffnesses of the virtual elements can be represented by a simple factor, the relative ...” „... influenced element. At the same time, a force applied at the point will still have the same effect on distant ...”
- „... . 2389, 2022 12571. Introduction Gears are complex machine elements and are used in more than 85% of all ...” „... the contact flank at the tooth before and after it, as shown in Figure 2. Elements used in the mesh ...” „... “CPS4R” in Abaqus. The total number of elements used for polymer gear mesh was 35702, and 15313 ...”
- „... rectangular and triangular elements while maintaining a good aspect ratio. The meshing strategy enables ...” „... results in 3,8 million nodes and 3.5 million hexahedron elements. For calculating 49 mesh positions the ...” „... the element. This forms the basis for local strain and stress calculation at any location in the ...”
- „... variable speed and variable-load conditions, a finite element model of the generator, and voltage vector ...” „... element model of the generator is developed that considers the generator characteristics, such as the ...” „... equivalently simplified into three subsystem models—the gear system dynamic model, the finite element model of ...”
- „... fiber reinforced plastic gears is obtained using dedicated gear testers and advanced finite element ...” „... finite element simulations. However, not in all cases one has the opportunity to take fiber orientation ...” „... in FEA to act accordingly: As a failure criteria reaches a value of 1 in a group of elements, damage ...”
- „... elements in a gearbox as bearings and – with some restriction - shafts, the ‘Simple count method’, extended ...” „... bending factor ? from equation 6, every element of the rainflow matrix can now be converted in a bin of ...” „... the load spectrum. A bin according ISO6336-6[1] consists of only 2 elements, frequency and torque. The ...”
- „... discretization, Hexahedron elements are used. Elements in interfaces of gear mesh is refined and assigned with ...” „... contact elements. The shaft angle in the study case of this paper is 90o. Tooth numbers of gear and pinion ...” „... gear mesh in practice. By setting contact element on the gear interfaces, the contact modal analysis ...”
- „... behavior of contact teeth, a coupled thermo-elastic 3D finite element model has been applied. The heat flux ...” „... coupled transient thermal structural analysis. The rate of frictional dissipation in contact elements is ...” „... contains 24703 elements with 27926 nodes. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2389, 2022806 Fig. 3: Loads and boundary ...”
- „... significantly reduces the test effort. Also, the specimens are much smaller than the real machine elements ...” „... beginning of human use of tools has been achieved through permanent improvements of the machine elements due ...” „... the material structure and lead to premature failure of the machine elements [9]. Some further ...”
- „... each element analysed at least two calibrating standards were used to evaluate the correct numbers. For ...” „... are precipitation forming elements for secondary hardness formation during tempering. Aluminum and ...” „... Nickel form Ni-Al-precipitation during aging and are the major elements for good hot hardness of the ...”
- „... solutions GmbH, Berlin;Dipl.-Ing. C. F. Mieth, Institute of Machine Elements and Machine Design (IMM ...” „... are carried out at a bevel gear test rig (KRPS) of the Chair of Machine Elements at Dresden University ...” „... shaft and the associated tapered roller element bearings are identified as the largest churning loss ...”
- „... continuity equation can be derived according to the fact that the net mass flowrate out of the fluid element ...” „... understood that the force on the fluid element is equal to the change rate of its momentum. BV VV ft ...” „... ( ) / 2TV V , is velocity strain tensor. The total energy per unit mass of fluid element includes ...”
- „... element-based numerical model following previous work by Černe et al. [16,17]. As described in [17], for gear ...” „... transient mechanical finite element meshing analysis, the frictional heat flux could be calculated as a ...” „... ) Fig. 8: a) Finite element system used for gear running thermal analysis and b) obtained numerical ...”
- „... modifications to calculate the resulting deviations. Based on these deviations, regression elements e.g ...” „... . individual lines or parabolas or combinations of up to three of these elements are calculated. This allows ...” „... datum face top Tactile measurements of points lead to mid-points of the spherical probing element. This ...”
- „... finite element calculations for the overall deformations of the gearbox components [16, 19, 22]. Kahraman ...” „... . Through more complex models with full finite element calculations, Kahraman and Vijayakar [19] (spur ...” „... roller element bearings on the planet pins. To avoid undesired influences due to mass unbalances the ...”
- „... Stahl Full Professor, Institute of Machine Elements Director, Gear Research Center (FZG), Technical ...”
- „... . Dr.-Ing. M. Oehler, Prof. Dr.-Ing. B. Sauer, Institute of Machine Elements, Gears & Transmissions ...” „... . Introduction Worm gears are used as transmission elements, where a high transmission ratio, a smooth operation ...” „... Institute of Machine Elements, Gears & Transmissions for many years. In this context, a simulation tool was ...”
- „... ]. Many different approaches are applied to gather information about the condition of machine elements ...” „... with a magnetoresistive element and permanent magnet plus a remote processing unit. Both units are ...” „... bench at the Institute of Product Development and Machine Elements (pmd) is used. Fig. 3 shows the Test ...”
- „... are a central element of many gear systems [3, 4]. Designs that allow smaller moments of inertia and ...” „... gear elements are essential [8]. A suitable lubrication system, such as an oil bath or injection ...” „... process, there will be overhangs in the channel cross-section. Here, rhombic elements can be used to avoid ...”
- „... curved geometries. Hence, the standard Finite Element Method (FEM) needs an adequately high mesh ...” „... (~elements), as their underlying shape functions are Non-Uniform Rational B-Splines (NURBS). This main ...”
- „... collaboration with TU Wien. The research unit of Machine Elements and Transmissions for Aviation offers ...”
- „... . Kassem, Manuel Oehler, MEGT – Institute of Machine Elements, Gears and Transmissons, Department of ...” „... simulationThe gear simulation combines a finite element analysis (FEA) to determine the gear deformation and ...” „... loads the width of a single contact line element or replacement roll pair and the boundary friction ...”
- „... element methods during the design phase, since they are suitable within the conception stage for any part ...” „... elements (air gap) are some of the many technical possibilities to optimize the die’s thermal performance ...” „... Finite-Elemente-Methode im Maschinen- und Fahrzeugbau. Springer Vieweg Wiesbaden. ISBN: 978-3-658-06054-1 [14] Ampower ...”
- „... profile with reduced gradient roughness and increasingly negative skewness, incorporating doping elements ...”
- „... above-mentioned loading conditions are applied to the planet gear under assessment in a Finite Element (FE ...” „... element sizes that have been verified to give convergence for the analysis. A finer mesh has been used at ...”
- „... can be gained using finite element simulation, boundary element method or even analytical methods ...”
- „... elements than conventional combustion engine transmissions. Internal generating gear grinding is one ...” „... excitations are easily perceptible in e-axle transmissions which rely on fewer elements than conventional ...”
- „... Müller, Dr.-Ing. Stefan Schumann, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Berthold Schlecht, Institute of Machine Elements and ...” „... the FVA. It was developed by the Institute of Machine Elements and Machine Design in cooperation with ...”
- „... is indicated by z. In this architecture, the external element of the first stage, having ? meshing ...” „... OUT (having ? ). The output motion is the rotational speed of OUT (ωOUT). The element with a double ...”
- „... insufficient cooling of the rolling elements. Therefore, in the second step, the influence of interruptions on ...” „... chemical elements of the coating and substrate are plotted for different positions across the width of the ...” „... , energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX) is used to measure the elemental mass fractions on a ...”
- „... polymer gears as power-transmitting machine elements in the auto-motive sector is not known yet. However ...” „... made of thermoplastic materials can be found as driving machine elements that transmit the power of the ...”
- „... uniformity of the matrix of the steel they purchased, e.g. for finding segregation of alloy elements and to ...” „... function of e.g. carbon %, kind of alloy elements etc. of the steel composition of the TP. It is ...”
- „... or coupling connections elements can be accomplished. The theory of the forced response analysis in ...” „... modal analysis of the finite element model of the shafts. However, in KISSsoft the analytical model of ...”
- „... behavior, the displacements of individual gear elements are detected via inductive distance sensors from ...” „... OG. If the existing deviation is an axis position deviation of the central elements, the planet with ...”
- „... Rating the scuffing load capacity of gears with a temperature criterion requires two elements: a ...” „... test for worm gears. The other necessary element, a contact temperature calculation, is provided by ...”
- „... axis is of key importance and is determined prior to the measurement by means of geometry elements ...” „... are suitable for this purpose. These geometry elements normally exhibit form deviations in the range ...”
- „... , HattersheimAbstractWeight and cost reduction potentials with high performance polymers for gears Use in drive elements of ...”
- „... elaborate Finite Element Method simulations. The basis for the tooth contact simulation and the development ...” „... a precise geometry is necessary, such as Finite Element Analysis or measuring on Coordinates ...”
- „... . In addition to that, given datum elements on the cam are in most cases insufficient aligned to the ...”
- „... oxidation is a microstructural degradation in which the alloying elements with a high oxidation potential in ...” „... . Band 2: Getriebe allgemein, Zahnradgetriebe - Grundlagen, Stirnradgetriebe; Machine Elements - Volume 2 ...”
- „... Softwares Inc., Quebec, Canada; Frederik Mieth, Dipl.-Ing., Institute of Machine Elements and Machine ...”
- „... Oil Anti-oxidant Additive Included Included EP Additive (element in oil) Acid phosphate (P=200ppm ...”
- „... capacity of machine elements and especially of gear drives is specified in the context of fatigue strength ...”
- „... . At this point in the research, the worm is considered as a rigid element, because the plastic wheel ...”
- „... or to perform finite element analyses. Traditionally, prototypes are used to exemplify essential ...”
- „... Gears are widely used as power transmission elements in industry, including the automotive industry. It ...”
- „... considerably from these calculated values. For very accurate calculations, the finite element method is used to ...”
- „... other machine elements, such as bearings [17, 18]. In most cases, the recorded vibration data must be ...”
- „... the tooth height direction and 15 nodes the direction normal to the involute. The elements are ...”
- „... contains a higher amount of more expensive alloy elements, such as nickel. The influence of alternative ...”
- „... sealing elements throws most of the oil outwards into the chambers provided for this purpose. Here the oil ...”
- „... systems in machine ele-ments requires a mixed physical-virtual test environment in order to verify ...”
- „... gears are characterized by a thin but very hard compound layer of iron and alloy element nitrides ...”
- „... , can also significantly influence the operating properties of polymer machine elements [3]. With an ...”
- „... the lubricating oil and the rolling elements with their properties and operating conditions. The ...”
- „... finite element based tooth root stress prediction solver as part of a gear tooth load distribution model ...”
- „... simple approach, the elementary Palmgren-Miner rule is used and fatigue is predicted when the damage ...”