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Case Studies and Guidelines for Energy Efficient Communities. / Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis
Case Studies and Guidelines for Energy Efficient Communities. / Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis
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1–14
Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis
1–14
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15–23
1 Introduction
15–23
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1.1 Climate science and policy background
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1.2 Implications for communities
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1.3 Systems approach
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1.4 International co-operation and Annex 51 approach
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1.5 Guidebook approach
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1.6 A few words on terminology
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24–50
2 Local Energy & Climate Change Policy
24–50
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2.1 Local energy planning as a key factor in climate protection policy
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2.2 Legal and policy frameworks
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2.3 Financial frameworks
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2.3.1 Funds
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2.3.2 Grants
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2.3.3 Feed-in tariffs
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2.3.4 Subsidies
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2.3.5 Tax schemes
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2.3.6 Additional options
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2.4 Voluntary agreements and networks
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2.5 General conclusions on legal and financial frameworks
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51–105
3 LocalE nergy Planning Methods: From Demandto Future-proof Solutions
51–105
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3.1 The transition process
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3.1.1 Leadership models
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3.2 The local energy planning transition process
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3.3 Step 1 Create an energy and emissions inventory or balance
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3.3.1 A few words on data
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3.3.1 A few words on data
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3.3.2 A few words on inventories
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3.3.3 Data sources to profile energy demand
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3.3.4 Other types of data sets to contextualize energy demand and supply
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3.3.5 Data sources to profile conventional energy supply
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3.3.6 Data sources to profile renewable energy supply
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3.4 Step 2 Engage stakeholders, create a vision and set targets
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3.4.1 Stakeholder analysis
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3.4.2 The transition arena
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3.4.3 The energy working group
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3.4.4 Create a vision
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3.4.5 Set targets
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3.5 Step 3 Assess opportunities and develop scenarios
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3.5.1 Assess opportunities
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3.5.2 Supporting indicators
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3.5.3 Scenarios
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3.5.4 Backcasting and forecasting
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3.5.5 Roadmaps
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3.5.6 Charrette
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3.6 Step 4 Create municipal energy master plans and neighbourhood energy plans
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3.6.1 Municipal energy master plan
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3.6.2 Neighbourhood energy plans
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3.7 Step 5 Implementation, monitoring, evaluation and feedback
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3.7.1 Process design instruments
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3.7.2 Integrated management strategies
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3.7.3 Process management co-ordinator
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3.7.4 Responsibilities of municipal departments
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3.7.5 Co-ordinating the energy working group
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3.7.6 Monitoring
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3.7.7 Evaluation and feedback
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3.8 Technical improvement options, economic feasibility
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3.8.1 Technology and policy approaches available to governments
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3.8.2 Technologies available to the developer / contractor
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3.8.3 Technologies available to the occupant
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106–129
4 Community Energyand Emissions Inventoryand Modelling Tools to Support Local Energy Planning (LEP)
106–129
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4.1 Introduction
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4.2 The scope of LEP and the need for inventories and models
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4.3 Energy and GHG emissions inventories
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4.3.1 Selected examples of inventories and balancing tools in practical application
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4.4 Energy modelling approaches
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4.5 Examples of models in development and practical application
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4.6 User needs
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4.7 Selecting a modelling approach
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4.8 Communicating the modelling concept
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4.9 Perspectives on future directions
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Web-Sources for Information on Municipal Energy Inventory Tools
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130–152
5 The District Energy Concept Adviser (D-ECA): Software from IEA EBC Annex 51 to Support District Energy System Planning
130–152
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5.1 The tool in brief
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5.2 Background and aim
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5.3 Tool sections
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5.4 How to use the main sections
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5.4.1 Performance rating
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5.4.2 Case studies of energy efficient districts
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5.4.3 Energy efficient strategies and technologies
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5.4.4 Energy assessment of districts
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5.5 User guide
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5.6 Test calculations to assess the accuracy of the calculation tool
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5.6.1 Evaluation results of the exemplary district Stuttgart-Burgholzhof
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5.7 Download source
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153–188
6 Energy Efficient Neighbourhood Case Studies
153–188
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6.1 Neighbourhood case studies
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6.2 Successful neighbourhood developments
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6.2.1 Energy efficiency is profitable
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6.2.2 The decision making process
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6.2.3 Planning urban development projects
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6.2.4 Implementation
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6.2.5 Barriers
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6.3 Lowering energy demand efficiently
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6.3.1 Single buildings or whole neighbourhoods?
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6.3.2 Increased comfort paid for through energy efficiency
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6.3.3 Monitoring and evaluation
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6.4 Lessons learned from neighbourhood case studies
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6.4.1 Why districts or neighbourhoods?
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6.4.2 An integrated planning approach
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6.4.3 Organization
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6.4.4 Quality agreement and control
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6.4.5 Policy instruments
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6.4.6 Planning for lowest cost
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6.4.7 Planning tools
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6.4.8 Information and education
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6.4.9 Involving residents
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6.4.10 Energy efficiency
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6.4.11 Technological achievements and solutions
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6.4.12 Monitoring
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APPENDIX to Chapter 6
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189–223
7 Energy Efficient City Case Studies
189–223
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7.1 Introduction
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7.2 Case studies
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7.3 Vision and targets
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7.3.1 Realistic vision and targets
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7.3.2 Linking short-term actions with long-term targets
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7.4 Process and organization
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7.4.1 Continuous process
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7.4.2 Integrated approach
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7.5 Support and involvement
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7.5.1 Creating support
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7.5.2 Involving the right people at the right time
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7.5.3 Involving the public
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7.5.4 Involving the real estate industry
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7.6 Knowledge and risk management
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7.6.1 Sharing knowledge
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7.7 Co-benefits
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7.7.1 Economic benefits
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7.7.2 Social benefits
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7.7.3 Environmental benefits
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APPENDIX to Chapter 7
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224–237
8 Summary and Conclusions
224–237
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8.1 Key results and implications
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8.1.1 Neighborhood energy planning
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8.1.2 Municipal energy planning
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8.1.3 Computer-based planning tools
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8.1.4 Legislative frameworks
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8.2 Municipal energy transition process
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8.3 Eight guidelines for local energy planning success
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8.4 Concluding remarks
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8.5 Where should we go from here?
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238–242
List of References
238–242
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243–302
Attachments
243–302
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Attachment A. Primary Energy and GHG Performance of Energy Systems
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Attachment B. Green Building Rating Systems
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Attachment C. Low-Energy, Passive House and Net-Zero Energy Buildings
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Attachment D. Energy Generation from Renewable Sources
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Attachment E. Economics of Energy Retrofitting and Energy Performance Contracting
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Attachment F. Energy Benchmarking of Neighbourhoods
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Attachment G. Energy Performance of Typical Cogeneration Systems
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Attachment H. Municipal Energy and Emissions Inventories
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Attachment I. Municipal Energy Improvement Opportunities
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Attachment J. Planning Methods in Neighborhood or District Energy Planning
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J.1 Thermal Energy Demand Data for Neighbourhood Planning
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J.2 Thermal Energy Distribution
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J.3 Neighborhood Archetypes Approach
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Case Studies and Guidelines for Energy Efficient Communities. , page 1 - 14
Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis
Autoren
pro:21 GmbH, Bonn (Ed.)
Projektträger Energie, Forschungszentrum Jülich (Ed.)
DOI
doi.org/10.51202/9783816791232-1
ISBN print: 978-3-8167-9122-5
ISBN online: 978-3-8167-9123-2
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