„… 58 4 Optical Flow Estimation As discussed in the introduction, motion is an useful source of …” „… consistently, thus motion patterns are highly correlated to the underlying structure of the moving object …” „… independent of preprocessing such as key-point or object detection that are necessary for trajectories or …”

„… Network (FFNN) for biological motion recognition, the optical flow estimation (VNMF-OFE) and the learned …” „… estimation or for learning gradient or optical flow patterns, guides the underlying optimization problem to …” „… Estimation (VNMF-OFE) The motion analysis starts on the small scale with the estimation of the optical flow …”

„… spatio-temporally arranged objects, like trees, books, clouds, as well as recognizing and understanding complex …” „… patterns get larger in size and increasingly object specific. The patterns in the first layer might …” „… thus represent increasingly complex structures, like object parts. In the final layer, there are object …”

„… stream that processes motion information locates the object. This thesis differs concerning this …” „… of both channels to biological motion recognition, including the subtasks of optical flow estimation …” „… states, all while whatching only lighted dots, without an explicitly represented shape or texture, as …”

„… parts, such as the eyebrows or the lips, are strongly related to emotional states. Face movements are …” „… underlying optical flow estimation, which unfortunately is not able to preserve all detailed movements of the …” „… Loewe [70] for object recognition. In the following the similarities and differences between the HOG/HOF …”

„… 1 1 Introduction The detection and segmentation of moving objects in video sequences is a common …” „… . something is moving in a specific area, unusual behavior of people, or abandoned objects. In a static camera …” „… subtraction instead. This eliminates noise and temporarily visible objects from the reference and enables an …”

„… frames of the video sequence, where moving objects are detected as displacements not consistent with a …” „… moving objects and outliers directly on the displacement vector field between two frames of the video …” „… of the object compared to the ground plane. These relief displacements are radial to the nadir point …”

„… 73 5 Experiments In this chapter, different techniques and methods of moving object detection in …” „… the (sparse) optical flow taken from tracked feature points. Hereby, the state-of-the-art RANSAC …” „… 4.2 and the motion parallax predictor classifier from Equation 3.55 in Chapter 3.6. Moving objects are …”

„… Motion Compensation: An Estimation-Theoretic Approach. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 3:693–699 …” „… library. URL: http://xfig.org. [13] Y.-C. Chung and Z. He. Low-Complexity and Reliable Moving Objects …” „… and M. Spann. Robust optical flow estimation based on a sparse motion trajectory set. IEEE …”

„… systems are introduced which describe the global position of the camera and all objects in the scene in …” „… followed by discussing the process of motion extraction and model estimation from image sequences as well …” „… all objects and all cameras. A diffuse ambient lighting is assumed to make the model invariant to …”

„… states. We tackled both problems in this thesis by using the fast factorized backprojection (FBP …” „… ships with arbitrary motions robustly for all sea states. The well known FBP algorithm combines similar …” „… profiles causes range errors and thus a peak amplitude loss and ghost targets of all objects, which result …”

„… backprojection – imaging of moving objects – phase errors – autofocus – regularization – spotmode – stripmap-mode …” „… , which was not possible by state-of-the-art autofocus techniques before. Bibliographische Information …” „… Computation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46 3.4 Image Error Estimation …”

„… estimation of each component 4.5 state-of-the-art autofocus of ships 89 of the stacked phase error vector φǫ …” „… of several seconds. All state-of-the-art autofocus techniques like the phase gradient algorithm …” „… autofocus technique is able to estimate the non-linear motion of a ship independent of the sea state and for …”

„… ; Hü04b] used microwaves to measure the distance to a metallic object. The first commercial radar …” „… distances to objects in a small angular view. It locates airplanes by transmitting an electromagnetic wave …” „… introduction radar pulse hits an object, for example, an airplane, the antenna receives an echo after a short …”

„… errors are lower than the state-of-the-art [UHS03; Rib12] estimation errors. This second real data …” „… state-of-the-art rules [UHS03; Rib12]. In contrast to state-of-the-art rules, we allow a variable aperture …” „… with state-of-the-art rules. Furthermore, we estimate the quality more precisely. 3.1 fast factorized …”

„… electromagnetic waves are reflected by some objects on the ground or by the ground itself and reach the receiver …” „… the transmitted wave is reflected by objects in the 13 14 basics of backprojection image …” „… separate the data, which contains information about moving objects from the data, which contains the static …”

„… 5 Conclusions This work addresses the multiple object tracking problem (MOT): Using sensor data …” „… , all objects of a common object class are to be localized and, additionally, their motion history is to …” „… behavior analysis. Therefore, multiple object tracking has been a focus of research for a long time and …”

„… understanding of the environment is the localization of all objects of a specified object class and the …” „… Object Tracking (MOT) or Multiple People Tracking (MPT) if only humans are to be tracked. Figure 1.1 …” „… : Exemplary application of multiple object tracking: Tracking soccer players for performance analyses (see …”

„… , and Luc Van Gool. “Coupled detection and trajectory estimation for multi-object tracking”. In …” „… . Tracking the trackers: an analysis of the state of the art in multiple object tracking. 2017. arXiv …” „… Automation (ICRA). 2018. [6] Gültekin Gündüz and Tankut Acarman. “A lightweight online multiple object …”

„… . In the following, we introduce three state-of-the-art object detectors that have been used throughout …” „… and computer vision, especially discrete optimization, machine learning, and object detection. This …” „… detections to the same object. Also, during the evaluation of a tracking method, edges are selected in order …”

„… A review on plant and soil properties estimation using ground-based computer vision techniques in …” „… , Wieselburg Abstract The estimation of plant and soil properties is the basis for sustainable …” „… , open challenges, solutions and trends for the estimation of soil and plant properties are discussed …”

„… , Winnipeg, Canada The state of the industry for autonomous machines for agricultural applications is in …” „… functions and features needed in robotics, such as localization, pose estimation, mapping, navigation, and …” „… : Similar in concept to ROS1, a topic identifies a data-object between a data writer and a data reader. A …”