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Liyong Yu - A Reference Model for the Integration of Agent Orientation in the Operative Environment of Automation Systems

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Liyong Yu

A Reference Model for the Integration of Agent Orientation in the Operative Environment of Automation Systems

Reihe: Mess-, Steuerungs- und Regelungstechnik

Band 1248 2016

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Conclusions and Outlook S. 124-126

„… aspects of process automation agents. A reference model named FB-agent was defined which combines the …” „… advantages of function block technology, service orientation and agent orientation. The FB-agent model serves …” „… as a standard design pattern for the development of agents in different application areas (e.g …”

Specification of a Reference Model for Automation Agents S. 28-53

„… Section 3.1. Based on this discussion, design decisions on the agent reference model will be reviewed …” „… , revised and complemented. Starting from Section 3.2, a further development of the conceptual model will be …” „… further development of the reference model is to establish a guideline for the implementation of various …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… model for automation agents that can be seamlessly integrated in process control systems based on the …” „… as a generic model for the development of process control-, diagnosis-, model management-, project …” „… . The reference model is implemented in a platform-neutral development environment. Its applications in …”

Specification of a General Procedure Description Method S. 77-94

„… FBagent model presented in Chapter 3, a general procedure description method will be proposed in this …” „… evaluated in Chapter 4 have different development backgrounds and different application areas, their basic …” „… the development of a general PDM feasible: • A PDM is composed of states (or steps, elements, places …”

Basics of Process Automation S. 3-27

„… gives an overview of the basics of process automation and model-based engineering. Additionally, the …” „… example models will be shown which provide a basis for the development of the agent model in Chapter 3 and …” „… appropriate model variant or design pattern. It gives a guideline for the construction and development of …”

Introduction S. 1-2

„… follows: Chapter 2 introduces basics of process automation, model-based software engineering, service …” „… industry. Along with the rapid development of automation technologies and computer science, the process …” „… significantly improved. Bright practical perspectives can be expected through the further development of …”

Prototypical Implementation S. 95-106

„… simplifies the development of the execution model of SSC. Every SSC represents a procedural Composed Function …” „… model (Chapter 3) and the Sequential State Chart (SSC, Chapter 5). In order to keep the implementation …” „… vendor- and platform-neutral, the development environment provided by ACPLTtechnologies is applied during …”

Bibliography S. 127-138

„… Engineering, RWTH Aachen University, 2011. [100] G. Quirós, Model-based Decentralised Automatic Management of …” „… 61512-2: Batch control - Part 1: Models and terminology, 2002. [10] ISA-106 TR01: Procedure Automation for …” „… Continuous Process Operations - Models and Terminology, Technical Report, 2013. [11] UML: Unified Modeling …”

Usability Analysis of Existing Procedure Description Methods S. 54-76

„… of Petri Nets. Additionally, a Meta-model and a XML-based interchange format PNML for Petri net tools …” „… state-based functions or sequential functions can be called procedures, which define the strategy for carrying …” „… Description Methods (PDM) in industrial automation will be compared. Their usability for the FB-agent model …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186248084

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - LAND.TECHNIK 2022

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

LAND.TECHNIK 2022

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2395 2022

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C. von Holst, O. Klaar A Study on Improving Cross-Company Co-Operation by Systems Engineering Implementation and Application S. 185-192

„… implementation based on the V-model [2], ISO15288 [3] and ASPICE [4] The fact, that both companies follow in …” „… principle the V-Model [2] in their system development made the comparison easier. The V-Model of both …” „… ensures a certain quality. ZF on the other hand is strong in formal SysML based Model-Based Systems …”

J. Guo, L. Frerichs, F. Shen, S. Munstermann Analysis of abrasive wear of tillage tools on both macro- and microscopic level S. 309-316

„… level is the prerequisite of the approach mentioned above. For this purpose, a soil model based on the …” „… movement of Newton [2]. The optimization of tillage tools is performed based on load profiles in …” „… interface between the component and material development is proposed in this research project. 2 …”

C. Schoerghuber, M. Ortner, M. Resel, R. Schantl, S. Puster Analysis of the tractor behavior on a powertrain test bed for tractor-specific maneuvers S. 521-528

„… bed with the tractor on real road or field. In this contribution the model-based operation of a …” „… same maneuvers performed on a test track. Model-based powertrain test bed setup and unit under test …” „… model-based operation VDI-Berichte Nr. 2395, 2022522 The dynos, the eddy current brake and the hydraulic load …”

S. Schwich, J. Schattenberg, L. Frerichs, M. Gallmeier Adaptive control of a self-propelled sugar beet harvester S. 447-456

„… interactions to machine learning-based process models and the combination of the findings into a control …” „… , process models and control algorithm M. Sc. Steffen Schwich, Dr.-Ing. Jan Schattenberg, Prof. Dr …” „… presented. The insight into the developments show the way from the analysis of harvester-quality …”

K. Singh Sian Frugal Innovation – “Doing more with less” S. 193-202

„… 4: Traditional methods vs. agile methods One example of a successful development model …” „… , it is very common to develop products based on existing solutions by downgrading, downscaling or …” „… (reasonable) solutions based on existing scarce resources to solve problems smartly. Which is linked to …”

R. R. Shamshiri, C. Weltzien, T. Schutte Multi-Sensor Data Fusion with Fuzzy Knowledge-based Controller for Collision Avoidance of a Mobile Robot S. 349-358

„… Multi-Sensor Data Fusion with Fuzzy Knowledge-based Controller for Collision Avoidance of a Mobile …” „… the existing GPS-based navigation and to improve the reliability of the operation. This paper reports …” „… combination with a fuzzy knowledge-based control algorithm. The robot was a combustion engine rover that …”

E. Eder, P. Riegler-Nurscher, J. Prankl Estimation of grassland yield from satellite data with ANN based transfer learning S. 293-300

„… prediction of vegetation indices is developed. Based on this model, the grassland yield is predicted. Using …” „… the index calculation. Based on the trained model we use transfer learning to predict the biomass …” „… The aim of the models was to optimize the yield prediction of grassland crops. The models were based …”

F. de Moraes Boos, S. Pfaffmann, V. Kegel GridCON Swarm – Development of a Grid Connected Fully Autonomous Agricultural Production System S. 17-22

„… pre-development [8]. This approach is based on analyzing feasibility of planned paths, adjusting execution speed …” „… Environment based User-Interface: Feedback and Reference Tractor model. (b) Live data and Camera footage …” „… GridCON Swarm Development of a Grid Connected Fully Autonomous Agricultural Production System …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… Optimization of Working Speed and Depth in Agricultural Soil Tillage with a Model Predictive Control based on …” „… University Braunschweig GridCON2 – Development of a Cable Drum Vehicle Concept to Power 1MW Fully Electric …” „… . Kegel, John Deere GmbH & Co. KG, Mannheim GridCON Swarm – Development of a Grid Connected Fully …”

S. Becker, B. Kazenwadel, M. Geimer Automation and Optimization of Working Speed and Depth in Agricultural Soil Tillage with a Model Predictive Control based on Machine Learning S. 55-64

„… developed that predicts a suitable working speed based on a draft force and traction model in combination …” „… be adapted easily to different sizes and types of tractors. As the draft force models are based on …” „… agricultural processes. [4] Li et al. draft force model based on ASAE D497 and measured real-time data to …”

L. Frerichs, L. Buck Structuring of electrified agricultural machine systems – Diversity of solutions and analysis methods S. 1-10

„… – https://www.volocopter.com/newsroom/john-deere-and-volocopter-cooperate-oncargo-drone-technology/, Accessed on: 02.12.2021. [14] Trösken, L. et al.: Model-based Calculation of Fuel Consumption …” „… and analyzing approach does not claim to take into account all factors influencing the development of …” „… development of future mobile machinery and to back it up with a methodological approach. Second, an …”

K. Palm, J. Guo, L. Frerichs, A. Eitzlmayr, F. Maier, P. Seil Calibration of soil models within the Discrete Element Method (DEM) S. 45-54

„… process is set up for the DEM soil model. It is still under development, but already shows good …” „… models is possible based measurements from different laboratory tests. To allow a fast and less effort …” „… Calibration of soil models within the Discrete Element Method (DEM) Kerstin Palm, Jihao Guo …”

P. Riegler-Nurscher, J. Prankl, D. Schauer Stereo camera-based method for grassland yield estimation S. 301-308

„… stereo camera and the grass/legumes ratio is fed into a machine learning based regression model for dry …” „… results [96]. Models based on a combination of spectral information and grass height from ultrasonic …” „… Stereo camera-based method for grassland yield estimation DI Dr. Peter Riegler-Nurscher, DI Dr …”

R. A. Rohrer, J. D. Luck Automated Droplet Size and Rate Control via Electromechanically Actuated Variable-Orifice Nozzles and Boom Pressure S. 117-124

„… provides a foundation for development of site-specific and/or weather-based droplet size control, and is …” „… . Linear regression models were developed based on the 25 mean pressure and actuator positions, with flow …” „… sensitive areas [3]. A variable-orifice electromechanical spray nozzle was prototyped based on a modified …”

C. Krause, N. Iqbal, J. Hertzberg, M. Hollmann, J. Martinez, D. Nieberg, A. Ruckelshausen, S. Stiene, S. Rottgermann, M. Muter, A. Berghaus, J. Herbers, S. Menke Concept of a Test Environment for the Automated Evaluation of Algorithms for Robust and Reliable Environment Perception S. 177-184

„… . 27, 2021). [10] Martin Günther, Thomas Wiemann, Sven Albrecht, Joachim Hertzberg, "Model-Based …” „… - TEST-FIELD. In this paper the concept of a rail-based carrier system is described. For designing an …” „… automated testbed, a model of the carrier is created within a simulation environment. Different scenarios …”

M. Grella, P. Marucco, F. Gioelli, P. Balsari, L. Athanasakos, N. Mylonas, S. Fountas, I. Zwertvaegher, D. Nuyttens, A. Caffini, F. Meroni, R. Rossi Airblast sprayer electrification for real-time, continuous fan-airflow adjustment according to canopy density during pesticide application in 3D crops S. 389-396

„… Synthesis, was developed based on the commercial model Synthesis (Caffini S.p.a., Palù, Verona, Italy). The …” „… canopy density, whose output commands an electrically driven axial-fan through a Raspberry Pi based …” „… algorithm, used to define the fan setting, is based on the total air volume to be applied per ground area …”

M. Abdipourchenarestansofla, H. P. Piepho Yield observation outlier detection with unsupervised machine learning in harvest machines S. 343-348

„… thresholds based on the lower and upper quartiles as well as the interquartile range (IQR) to detect …” „… distribution model while a Hawkins outlier is an observation that deviates so much from other observations as …” „… focus on Local Moran ‘I-dependent test powered by k/d-Nearest Neighbour, density, and distance-based …”

D. Neitemeier, S. Spiekermann, D. Irmer, J. Baumgarten, A. Wilken Automatic adjustment of auger headers with variable table length to improve a continuous crop flow and reduce pickup grain losses of a combine harvester S. 235-242

„… based. The laser sensor is mounted angular to the front, on the middle of the cab roof. The …” „… detectable. The crop height based adjustment control is stopped and fix sequences are triggered …” „… flow in the longitudinal direction. As seen in the Fig. 6 the model characteristic optimization …”

J. S. Stansell, J. D. Luck, T. G. Smith, H. Yu, D. R. Rudnick, B. T. Krienke N-Time: An Automated Decision Support System for Sensor-Based Fertigation Management S. 259-264

„… N-Time: An Automated Decision Support System for Sensor-Based Fertigation Management Jackson S …” „… of a total applied N goal to determine rate and timing of fertigation applications. Sensor-based …” „… . Sensor-Based Fertigation Management Framework The SBFM framework was developed for the purpose of transforming …”

J. P. Fulton, R. Colley III, S. A. Shearer, E. M. Hawkins Generating High-Definition As-Applied Maps for Pneumatic Fertilizer Application Equipment S. 265-272

„… individual particles were estimated, the model converted the data into mass (grams) based on known particle …” „… agriculture technologies has grown globally enabling detailed decision-making through development of systems …” „… . Material and Methods A machine-vision based imaging sensing system was developed for detection of …”

S. Schwede, T. Herlitzius Identification of draft force characteristics for a tillage tine with variable geometry S. 37-44

„… used to influence the draft force. The basis for an optimisation development and the subject of this …” „… consequently so in the development of tine geometries is the rake angle [4]. When considering the rake angle …” „… explained by a change in the fracture model from tensile failure to shear failure [10], [11]. With more …”

F. Martin, G. Lohrmann, A. Stoll Selective weed control in grassland using high-pressure water jets S. 105-110

„… . p. 178-180. [7] Petrich, L., Lohrmann, G., Martin, F., Stoll, A. and Schmidt, V.: Model-based …” „… autumnale. Based on a developed image analysis [4], small scale robots or tractor-mounted implements can be …” „… . Process of development This article discusses the development process of a non-chemical crop protection …”

I. Stasewitsch, J. Schattenberg, L. Frerichs, K. Kruger, J. Schobel, M. Lehr, T. Neugebauer Localization with a ground penetrating radar in harsh agricultural environments S. 153-162

„… can lead even to sensor failures. Infrastructure-based localization systems, e.g. with RFID or QR …” „… based on a ground penetrating radar is presented in this paper for this reason. However, the goal of …” „… ) Sketch of the setup (b) Real test setup For development of the localization system a test vehicle is …”

A. Christ, O. Schmittmann, P. Schulze Lammers Dual use sensor array for crop management in arable farming by CIELab color space – detection of N supply and plant discrimination S. 97-104

„… Material and method of the developmental steps The measurement principle of the TrueColor sensor is based …” „… different stages of plant development using the CIELab color space. The reflection values of the CIELab …” „… aspects in modern agriculture. Both aspects are taken into account by sensor-based application technology …”

F. Pult, A. Stein, M. Geimer Challenges in the Use of Alternative Fuels: Solutions to handle Boil-Off Gas in Agricultural Machines S. 431-440

„… during dormant periods. Using a simulation model, the components of the most suitable concept for a …” „… telehandler daily, light duty max 1 day Development and Evaluation of Concepts The two basic approaches …” „… is recharged by the alternator and the engine. Simulation Model In order to analyse the energy …”

A. Hecker, B. Striller, N. Franchi Private mobile ad hoc communications and the application in LANDNETZ S. 251-258

„… networks, followed by the description of the continuous process flow for a UAV-based real-time nitrogen …” „… radio-based LPWAN technologies (such as NB-IoT and LTE-M), or via satellite communications. VDI-Berichte …” „… , sidelink-enabled devices can perform both functions autonomously. Moreover, support for sidelink-based relaying is …”

M. Bruck Lost, but reconnected virtually – AEF ISOBUS Plugfest is back and better than ever S. 405-412

„… , the delivered environment is based on a client-server model. Desktop applications serve as clients …” „… experimental project, the possibility was created to carry out such Plugfests "virtually". The principle based …” „… be considered as well as human interaction between the different Plugfest parties. Based on a cloud …”

M. Holovač, J. Krzywinski Aspects of sustainability improvement in the design of future agricultural systems S. 203-218

„… development has been recognized by a majority of our society and the challenge to reduce the impacts of our …” „… improved through changes in the supply chain or during the development process. New proposals can take …” „… main indicators of areas of change, based upon trends identified as significant for the future …”

S. Lorenz Machine operation task analysis – A deeper look into the shift of task profiles within operating agricultural cyber-physical production systems S. 473-484

„… task-based activities with their frequency, severity and requirements for the operator and the human-machine …” „… , cloud-based routing software, process simulation and AI-based adaptive control algorithms (Liakos et al …” „… , communicating, planning, rule-based decision-making and process control under normal conditions without the …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023952

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2023

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2023

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2427 2023

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E. Zamora, A. Benavent, M. Wójcik, C. Metz, T. E. Madsen Robot Operating System ROS 2 in safety critical agricultural robot applications S. 219-226

„… example, we will use the development of a lidar based obstacle detection solution configurable for a range …” „… to the Eco Clipper robot using the ROS 2 ecosystem. 2. The V-model Development Process The ISO 25119 …” „… the safety V-model in agricultural mobile robot applications, we argue for a scenario-based approach …”

K. Kivekäs, A. Lajunen R. Stirnimann#S. Gfeller High-fidelity simulation modelling of agricultural mobile robots S. 255-262

„… utilized test cycle. Overall, the developed model was found to be well-suited for the development of …” „… developed, and they can broadly be categorized into empirical, semi-empirical, and physics-based models [3 …” „… designed as an efficiency-map-based model. The efficiency map of the motor was acquired from the Autonomie …”

T. Blume, L. Neumann Self-supervised learning for an agriculture driver assistant system S. 471-476

„… driving functions for professional working machines. Part of the project is the development of a common …” „… project partner, AGCO is responsible for validating the goals through the development of application in …” „… the agricultural sector. The focus of the development is a driver assistance system for local …”

C. A. Arévalo-Montaña, S. Böttinger Tractive effort prediction based on dynamic soil parameters S. 235-246

„… development of the Hohenheim Tyre Model, which simulates the dynamic behavior of agricultural tyres on firm …” „… model and predict the tractive effort-slip curve, based on parameters measured under four different …” „… and in the development of a soil model. 2.1 Simulation of vehicles on soft soil. Numerous …”

S. Bosse, J. Magnusson, E. L. Wisotzky, A. Hilsmann, P. Eisert, E. Gassen, M. Reichardt, A. Stein, J. Heil, M. Hussaini Platform-Based and AI-Enabled Farming to Foster Agricultural Ecosystems S. 441-454

„… inventory development. Cloud-Edge-Based Approach 5G-Based Networking of Sensor Platforms and Data …” „… Platform-Based and AI-Enabled Farming to Foster Agricultural Ecosystems Sebastian Bosse, Jannes …” „… "Sustainable Agriculture through Artificial Intelligence" (NaLamKI) is developing a platform-based approach to …”

K. Blaylock, A. Irlbeck, B. Adams, A. Sporrer Systems Engineering Development and Analysis Approach to Improving Self-Propelled Sprayer Boom Height Control S. 489-496

„… boom height control model-based software with the mechanical centerframes in a virtual platform to …” „… Systems Engineering Development and Analysis Approach to Improving Self-Propelled Sprayer Boom …” „… presents a systems engineering development process to improve sprayer boom height stability through the …”

R. Grimm, M. Kügle, F. Kattler, J. Mayer, A. Fekete, M. Sepp Classifying tractor operational modes using a supervised machine learning model S. 93-108

„… model-based classification of operational modes. During the final prediction of new data, the rule-based idle …” „… Classifying tractor operational modes using a supervised machine learning model Dr. rer. nat …” „… machine learning model for classifying tractor operational modes. Supervised classification involves …”

F. C. Eichhorn, J. Becker Efficient and Reliable Employment of Stereo Cameras in Precision Agriculture S. 333-340

„… important in precision agriculture. Recent developments in depth estimation are mainly based on deep …” „… (classical) stereo algorithm. Although modern learning-based algorithms are much more accurate and robust …” „… , their computational complexity, mostly caused by model size, often makes them infeasible for real-time …”

H. Harms, W. Strothmann, D. Markus, C. Halbrügge Sensing and analyzing crop characteristics and yield data in potato harvesting S. 109-116

„… . On one hand, this data will be the input for meaningful development of strategies, models and …” „… residuals, and then segmenting individual objects. Based on the object detection result and the height …” „… based on sensors, mapping, and GPS-based location. [1] VDI-Berichte Nr. 2427, 2023 109 Fig. 1 …”

C. Richard Innovative drivetrain concept for a high horsepower 4WD CVT tractor S. 269-274

„… innovative drive train for a 4x4 large tractor is developed. Based on market analyses and intensive customer …” „… surveys, the machine power as well as the maximum vehicle weight for field use are determined. Based on …” „… in the large tractor segment, the development of a new generation of tractors was initiated. The …”

R. Konradt, S. Schmidt Design of an adjustable lightweight stilt tractor – Concept tractor for the application of biological control in maize S. 289-294

„… in development, a near-series prototype is to be designed based on the current functional model. In …” „… functional model has an excessive kerb weight of 2,640 kg. This is based on the maximum payload of …” „… of development, which depends on the accumulated temperature. So the application period varies from …”

C. Korn, T. Herlitzius, K. Lüpping, A. Afting Study on the use of DEM for the optimization of pelleting rollers S. 403-412

„… . Kai Lüpping, Dipl.-Ing. Andreas Afting, Krone, Spelle Abstract The use of a virtual development …” „… regarding the modeling of pelletization process. Further, the structure of a numerical model is described …” „… material in the die holes, is than described. The numerical model is validated by comparison of wear …”

F. M. Appich, P. M. Roth, S. Böttinger, A. Bürger, A. Diekamp Frictional characteristics of wheat straw under varying contact pressure S. 161-168

„… development phase. Advanced simulation techniques now make it possible to model material flows and machine …” „… Abstract In agricultural process engineering and the development of agricultural machinery, simulation …” „… the simulation model. This involves specifying the physical and interaction properties of the …”

A. Lajunen Numerical simulation of alternative powertrains and fuels in agricultural tractors S. 29-38

„… evaluate the operational performance. Materials and Methods Development of simulation models The …” „… models were parameterized and simulated by using AMBER, which is model-based systems engineering (MBSE …” „… based on the latest methane tractor models resulting to a total amount of 455 litres. The variations in …”

E. Eder, U. C. Bicici, P. Riegler-Nurscher Evaluating the work quality of in-row hoeing systems using computer vision methods S. 477-482

„… land cover fractions as well as the number and 2D cover of crops. The CNN-based model can be freely …” „… and 2D coverage of crops. The CNN-based model can be tested at www.soilcover.at for free. Results and …” „… Segmentation based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) to detect different soil cover classes (soil, dead …”

L. Buck, T. de Witte Cost simulation of future agricultural machinery concepts – Applied on a comparison of constant electrical power supply and battery swapping S. 349-356

„… , 2023 3514) The cost model supplements the further developed process simulation based on TRÖSKEN et al …” „… 2020, P. 50–58 [3] Trösken, L., Meiners, A., Frerichs, L. a. Böttinger, S.: Model-based calculation of …” „… Economics, Braunschweig Abstract In this paper, a cost calculation model is described to analyze the …”

A. Tamrakar, M. Roberge Grain Handling Simulations in Combine Harvester – Simulation Development, Validation and Optimization S. 395-402

„… Grain Handling Simulations in Combine Harvester Simulation Development, Validation and …” „… models of grain flow that can be used for design improvements and operation optimization. In this paper …” „… , a review of high-fidelity Discrete-Element Method (DEM) simulations used to model grain flow through …”

G. Scotto di Vetta, J. Ladinger Work light modularity, research for real 360° visibility, focus on hidden areas to increase safety and performance for the customer S. 357-362

„… can be simulated for very complex geometries; furthermore, once prepared the model for the simulations …” „… illumination) or indirectly through one or more reflections from other surfaces (indirect illumination). Models …” „… the exact colour based on the light reflecting off it. This includes traveling from the light source …”

A. Grever, M. Kreyenhagen, B. Johanning A hybrid system architecture for combined task and motion planning as well as motion control based on cloud and onboard services using the example of different combinations of highly automated impleme... S. 175-180

„… cross-domain knowledge transfer are thereby based on heuristics generated from a combination of model and …” „… A hybrid system architecture for combined task and motion planning as well as motion control based …” „… decisions and developing spatio-temporal plans. The presented hybrid planning approach is based on the basic …”

J. C. Krause, N. Iqbal, M. Niemeyer, B. Thy, L. Plagge, H. Hollmeier, A. Ruckelshausen, S. Röttgermann, A. Tauber, J. Herbers, S. Menke, J. Hertzberg AI-TEST-FIELD – A Test Environment for the Automated Evaluation of Methods for Robust and Reliable Environment Perception S. 547-554

„… the performance of different sensor modalities, models, configurations, and algorithms. With the …” „… collision avoidance. A ma-jor challenge to the successful development and commercialization of AI …” „… testbed and, based on that, describe the experiment execution and the related evaluation of the data sets …”

F. Gerdes, L. Frerichs, A. Eitzlmayr, E. Karer, A. Feyrer, M. Hofer, D. Weberndorfer A comparison between conventional calibration experiments and the Excavator Test for DEM soil calibration S. 79-86

„… – Modelling and calibration of soil models Numerical models of soil cultivation and tillage are often based …” „… method for the investigation and the development of soil tillage tools. The basis of valid simulation …” „… applied and the resulting soil models are validated using tool tests and simulations. The validation of …”

T. Herlitzius, H. Döll, M. Lindner Tyre testing methodology to evaluate contact pressure distribution and simulation of the resulting soil compaction risk S. 247-254

„… Terranimo® has a transfer model to generate a contact pressure field based on tyre and soil parameters …” „… stress Dresden uses an iterative method based on a pyramid model for pressure transmission into deeper …” „… development of the wheel-soil models using FEM is conceivable in order to take into account a non-linear …”

B.-G. Hülle, S. Böttinger, M. Racs, T. Schempp Design and development of adaptive control elements on agricultural tractors based on ISOBUS communications S. 275-282

„… Design and development of adaptive control elements on agricultural tractors based on ISOBUS …” „… implements and to evaluate them in a functional and operational analysis. Based on this analysis …” „… international committee, based on the SAE J1939 protocol. To this end, work was started on the worldwide ISOBUS …”

S. Becka CFD/DEM coupling for the optimization of air conveyor sections of pneumatic seed drills S. 413-416

„… , equipment options) can be evaluated with regard to the required fan power. Based on this, tests to prove …” „… example of this is the development of a new distribution head with an increased number of outlets. The aim …” „… via the riser pipe and the feed lines. The simulations were based on extensive bench tests. In these …”

F. Wohlfahrt, P. Heymann Potentials of Functional-electrified System Topologies for the Powertrain Design on Combine Harvester Applications S. 341-348

„… power harvesting applications is a major challenge in the development tasks of modern AG-engineering …” „… for functional electrification on a combine harvester - a concept for an electrical based …” „… . In this regard simulative and testbench-based methods for the analysis and optimization of such …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… Industrial S.p.A, ItalyThe development of a reference working cycles for agricultural tractors 15M. Mattetti …” „… cell electric powertrain for the agricultural tractor – FCTRAC: development, performance, and …” „… operational modes using a supervised machine learning model 93R. Grimm, M. Kügle, F. Kattler, J. Mayer, AGCO …”

J. Konrad, C. Varlese, C. Junger, R. Krizan, P. Hofmann Fuel cell electric powertrain for the agricultural tractor – FCTRAC: development, performance, and benchmarking S. 49-56

„… Fuel cell electric powertrain for the agricultural tractor FCTRAC: development, performance, and …” „… electric tractor is developed based on the existing diesel vehicle STEYR 4130 Expert CVT. After the FCTRAC …” „… thermal system. It confirms the simulative development approach and demonstrates operation comparable to …”

R. R. Shamshiri, E. Navas, V. Dworak, R. Fernández, T. Schütte, C. Weltzien Teleoperation of an Agricultural Mobile Robot inside Berry Orchard using LoRa Connectivity S. 191-198

„… of the robot. The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the feasibility of a LoRa-based remote …” „… performing collision avoidance in complex situations. The system comprised a GPS-based navigation controller …” „… levels of autonomy and reducing the need for constant human oversight is crucial for further development …”

M. Mattetti, L. Angelucci The development of a reference working cycles for agricultural tractors S. 15-20

„… The development of a reference working cycles for agricultural tractors Prof. Michele Mattetti, M …” „… of each reference instance was calculated. Finally, through a Markov chain model, the optimal …” „… electrified components. The development of a reference driving cycle for agricultural tractors is very …”

H. Keränen, M. Gorius, J. Witte, T. Nothdurft AEF Wireless In-Field communication – Ad hoc V2V Video Communications S. 379-388

„… Foundation (AEF) identified a set of use cases based on Wireless In-Field Communications (WIC). For remote …” „… into available on-board platforms of agricultural equipment. The primary objective is the development …” „… . Video transmission is a complex interoperability application based on various standards and param-eters …”

C. Hurd, J. Hollinger, T. Schuster, R. Schildroth Deploying Off-Road Autonomy at Scale S. 463-470

„… evaluation ○ Based on our extensive infield experience, research and internal development over the past 10 …” „… sustainment. His expertise is in C++ development of embedded real-time systems and sensor processing …” „… debugging inference logic many times easier. ○ Deep learning models can be opaque, making it even more …”

J. Maxa, S. Thurner, S. Pantke, E. Luber, K. Aulrich New technical approaches to produce high protein feed from alfalfa S. 455-462

„… Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) calibration model with following statistical indicators was created …” „… influencing plant development during the 1st cut of 2020. Analysis of VDI-Berichte Nr. 2427, 2023 457variance …” „… < 0.05). 1Adapted combine harvester; 2Top Cut Collect; 3Based on single values (sample from all …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024270

Matthias Patrick Alexander Mrosek - Model-Based Control of a Turbocharged Diesel Engine with High- and Low-Pressure Exhaust Gas

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Matthias Patrick Alexander Mrosek

Model-Based Control of a Turbocharged Diesel Engine with High- and Low-Pressure Exhaust Gas

Reihe: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Band 803 2017

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Introduction S. 1-7

„… 1 1 Introduction The goal of this thesis is a method for an integrated model-based framework to …” „… mastered manually and need support by model-based methods, which demand a modelling of the engine air path …” „… . The model-based design methodology is an efficient approach to master this complexity and maybe its …”

Bibliography S. 190-204

„… . SAE. Benz, M. (2010). Model-based optimal emission control of Diesel engines. Dissertation …” „… engine-development. Springer. Mhatre, S. and Brosilow, C. (2000). Multivariable model state feedback: Computationally …” „… , Germany. in German language. Schilling, A. (2008). Model-Based Detection and Isolation of Faults in the …”

Conclusions S. 168-171

„… 168 8 Conclusions The objective of this dissertation is to derive a modern model-based framework …” „… air path quantities. Based upon a semi-physical mean value engine model the system properties of the …” „… engine air path with HP- and LP-EGR are analysed and modular model-based controllers to master the rising …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… for a model-based function development with semi-physical engine models for control of air path …” „… Verkehrstechnik/ Fahrzeugtechnik Reihe 12 Model-Based Control of a Turbocharged Diesel Engine with High- and …” „… der TU Darmstadt Model-Based Control of a Turbocharged Diesel Engine with High- and Low-Pressure …”

Semi-Physical Mean Value Engine Model S. 12-33

„… control oriented models with lumped parameters are state of the art for function development. In these …” „… turbocharger power models are mainly based upon the work of Zahn and Isermann (2008). After all relevant …” „… approach and a control-oriented model for the air content based upon the pipe and receiver approach is …”

Emission and Combustion Models S. 61-85

„… emission formation. Emission and combustion models are widely used in the engine development process and …” „… modified. Therefore, black-box models are generally utilised quite late in the engine development process …” „… investigated (Mrosek et al., 2010a). Based on an algorithm 62 5 Emission and Combustion Models for local …”

Air Path Control Design and Dynamical Reference Value Generation S. 102-167

„… closed-loop control for only one air path quantity. Isermann et al. (2000) show a model-based approach for a …” „… , which is based upon a step-wise linearisation of a semi-physical air path model. Ortner and del Re (2007 …” „… ) present a further model predictive control approach based on linear parameter varying models. Even more …”

Optimisation of the Reference Values for the Air Path Control S. 86-101

„… limitation as e.g. given by the model-based approach in Sequenz et al. (2011a). However, a limitation of the …” „… xeng;out) are generated based on polynomial emission models, see Eq. (5.3). A special transformation …” „… trajectory for the air mass flow rate, respectively the air content, is derived based on local polynomial …”

Appendix S. 172-189

„… used for function development and data acquisition. First the combination of an ES1000 prototyping …” „… based on dSPACE rapid control prototyping hardware and allows a realtime estimation of combustion …” „… to be able to parameterise single sub- 174 A Test Facilities models of the mean value engine model …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186803122

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - 16. Internationale VDI-Tagung Reifen-Fahrwerk-Fahrbahn 2017

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

16. Internationale VDI-Tagung Reifen-Fahrwerk-Fahrbahn 2017

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2296 2017

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

M. Selig, M. Meyer, F. Petry, S. Westermann Reifensimulationsmodelle der Zukunft S. 33-46

„… predictability of tire models in the product development are reviewed. In addition, the requirement profiles of …” „… x-y- direction (Model 40). Meanwhile, a re-development at Fraunhofer-Institut for Techno- und …” „… model information can lead to a co-development of the tire and the vehicle chassis with the benefit to …”

T. Raste, B. Hartmann, M. Kretschmann Assistance System for Aquaplaning Situations S. 1-20

„… assistance is introduced. A simplified, empirically adapted tire model is applied to study the principle …” „… risk of aquaplaning are almost exclusively infrastructure-based VDI-Berichte Nr. 2296, 2017 1 such …” „… as roadway draining and speed limits. Continental investigates a vehicle based solution taking a …”

A. Gallrein, M. Bäcker, F. Calabrese Einfluß der Dynamik des Füllgases des Reifens auf Betriebszustände S. 215-232

„… between the road and the tire. The development of numerical models which allow the prediction of these …” „… with less time consuming tire models based on some ring models has been less investigated. In this …” „… , welche auch in der Linearisierung korrekt berücksichtigt wird. Abstract In the virtual development …”

J. Pinay, F. Gauterin, H.-J. Unrau Experimental Study of the Tire Cavity Noise and its Correlation with the Exterior Tire-Road Noise Emission S. 199-214

„… surfaces. We also introduced a statistical model to have a first prediction of the CPX noise based on …” „… the road is taking more and more importance in the development of cars, tires, and road coverings …” „… people and has to be taken into account during the tire development. A recent study from the Danish …”

M. Viehof, H. Niemann, M. Kochem, H. Winner Validierungskonzept für vertikaldynamische Fahrzeugeigenschaften S. 147-174

„… simulation-based research since it is necessary for quality assurance. Today’s typical approaches show deficits in …” „… validation concept is introduced. It is based on statistical quality assurance by analyzing different …” „… operating points of the simulation model and enables basic information on the simulation’s appropriateness …”

T. Brenner, T. Hofmann, K.-J. Rieger, D. Bestle Untersuchung des Geräuschverhaltens von Kraftfahrzeug-Schwingungsdämpfern mit Elastomerlagern S. 187-198

„… investigated systematically based on a test vehicle. This test vehicle is equipped with acceleration sensors …” „… a proper vehicle development process. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2296, 2017 187 1. Einleitung Die …” „… Absorber Model for Structure-borne Noise Analyses, Journal of Sound and Vibration, Nr. 349, S. 177-194 …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181022962

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