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Björn Jakob Müller - Improvement of Cu ( In,Ga) (S,Se)2 thin film Solar Cells with the help of Gallium and Sulfur Gradients

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Björn Jakob Müller

Improvement of Cu ( In,Ga) (S,Se)2 thin film Solar Cells with the help of Gallium and Sulfur Gradients

Reihe: Elektronik/Mikro- und Nanotechnik

Band 396 2018

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Fundamentals of chalcopyrite solar cell devices S. 4-31

„… composition leads to a single phase material. However, during cooling down to room temperature it tends to …”

Results and discussion S. 51-163

„… interfaces which is possibly caused by introducing a huge amount of tension during the cooling down process …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186396099

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DER KONSTRUKTEUR

Alle Ausgaben: DER KONSTRUKTEUR

KON Jahrgang 55 (2024) Heft 04 ISSN Online: 2747-7215

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Almir Jakupovic Spannungssysteme prüfen auf die smarte Art S. 46-47

„… Ronzheimer, Produktmanagerin Cooling Technologies bei Rittal, über kleine, smarte Innovationen mit großer …” „… Ritherm im Geschäftsbereich Cooling Solutions bei Rittal. „Das ist aber nicht unser Ansatz. Die …”

doi.org/10.51202/2747-7215-2024-04

Werner Lang - PLEA 2013 Munich: Sustainable Architecture for a Renewable Future.

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Werner Lang (Hrsg.)

PLEA 2013 Munich: Sustainable Architecture for a Renewable Future.

2013

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Session III.5 Buildings: Ventilation 1 S. 548-580

„… . Lechner, N. 2001, Heating, cooling, lighting: Design methods for architects, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New …” „… Downdraft system with cooling and heating coils was designed on the De Anza College Media and Learning …” „… passive downdraft solution for the building’s heating, cooling and ventilation would be a key part of …”

Session III.6 Buildings: Ventilation 2 S. 581-611

„… cooling is reduced. c) The ventilation effects of Atrium on the classrooms Comparing the different …” „… cooling efficiency. (Each room contains just 0.15 ach infiltration) CASE 3: The building is occupied and …” „… also naturally ventilated in school hours of winter and summer to access the cooling …”

Poster Session VI.3 Buildings: Residential Buildings S. 1041-1064

„… natural ventilation in hot climates should be selective in order to provide convective cooling in the …” „… Conference “Passive and Low Energy Cooling for the Built Environment”. 1 (1), P.1021- 1026. 7. Elmualim, A …” „… heating and cooling at 39kWh/m2/a for flats and terraced houses; and 46 kWh/m2/a for detached and …”

Session II.3 Buildings: Residential Buildings S. 283-318

„… cooling of an apartment in Litochoro, Greece AIKATERINI MERESI Hellenic Open University, Patras …” „… , which uses a ground source heat pump, combined with solar collectors, for heating, cooling and hot …” „… . Detailed monitoring of building’s energy consumption for heating, cooling and hot water supply started in …”

Session IV.4 Building Elements and Materials: Renewable Energies S. 695-724

„… building envelope to reduce energy demands in terms of heating, cooling and lighting loads. To date …” „… operate in cooling mode or in heating mode: in cooling mode the setup temperature is 25°C while in …” „… STPV modules when they are integrated in a building façade, cooling and heating loads have been …”

Poster Session V.6 Building Elements and Materials S. 931-959

„… , cooling and artificial lighting. Windows are considered weak points in the building envelope due to …” „… , both that can cause an increase in energy consumed for cooling, while in the meantime, opaque parts of …” „… . Passive techniques, then, will be of benefit in reducing the energy consumed for heating, cooling and …”

Session IV.1 Buildings: Tools and Applications S. 612-640

„… 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 °C Hour Cooling setpoint Cooling original setpoint …” „… Cooling optimized setpoint PLEA2013 - 29th Conference, Sustainable Architecture for a Renewable Future, Munich, Germany 10-12 …” „… , cooling and ventilation with regard to operation mode and parameter levels such as setpoints. A …”

Session II.2 Buildings: Schools and Universities S. 251-282

„… Florida do not comply with the energy code. That’s why the annual total energy for space cooling, lights …” „… Heat-Energy-Recovery and Absorption Chiller system to provide 260,000 kWh cooling by 195.000 kWh total energy savings …” „… . Figure 9 shows a typical hot and humid August Design Cooling Day with 92 F (33,3 C) outdoor air and …”

Session IV.5 Building Elements and Materials: Building Envelope 1 S. 725-755

„… as the need for heating, lighting, cooling and energy generation. This study will PLEA2013 - 29th …” „… % for cooling and lighting respectively. Limited are the examples of research on dynamic …” „… consumption for heating, cooling and lighting. The energy model located in Athens, Greece represents a south …”

Session III.1 Buildings: Certification Systems S. 417-447

„… with hot climates [15], in which daytime comfort ventilation, and night cooling ventilation may be …”

Poster Session VI.6 Buildings: Case Study S. 1144-1186

„… obtain the cooling/heating capacity of a single unit, the value provided in the apparatus table is …” „… cooling/heating capacity. As shown in Fig. 7, the typical cooling capacity is 7–9 kW, while the heating capacity …” „… improved thermal-performance The graphs in Fig. 17 show the cooling/heating loads under improved …”

Poster Session VI.2 Buildings: Energy S. 984-1040

„… (Fig. 4.0 ), PV panels for power generation, Wind Tower for passive down draft cooling. Fig. 4.0 …” „… evaporative cooling from waterbody with building design. 6 Fig. 13.0: R & D Wing Sectional Perspective …” „… coupled to down draft wind towers for ventilation and complete passive cooling cycle. ROOF SYSTEM …”

Poster Session VI.4 Buildings: Daylight S. 1065-1109

„… to find an optimum solution in terms of daylight and energy use for cooling, heating and artificial …” „… which can strongly affect cooling and heating energy loads. So shading devices or glazing with …” „… this lux threshold. Heating and cooling set-points are 21o and 25o respectively for the occupied times …”

Session I.6 Regions, Cities, Neighborhoods: Case Studies S. 191-221

„… equilibrium and a cooling efficiency that is estimated by an empirical relationship that accounts for the …” „… description of its physical make-up and mechanical systems. The program calculates heating and cooling loads …” „… cooling thermal stres Effect of asp In Figure 3 w the total ener 2 storeys ta greatest chan a deeper can …”

Session II.1 Buildings: Refurbishment S. 222-250

„… CfSH, the limitation of the annual heating and cooling load in order to achieve Level 5/6 is 39 …” „… reduce heating loads during the winter, but also the cooling loads during the summer. The insulation is …” „… of 10 kWp with 60 panels of 175 W each. The heating and cooling are generated through a heat …”

Keynotes S. 16-24

„… efficient low energy houses: switchable glazings, solar heating and cooling - Photovoltaic systems: polymer …” „… recognitions and awards: - SHC (Solar Heating and Cooling) Award from the IEA Solar Heating and Cooling …”

Session I.4 Regions, Cities, Neighborhoods: Outdoor Thermal Comfort 2 S. 130-159

„… a desert environment. The purpose of this research is to examine the cooling efficiency of surface …” „… vegetated surfaces and the other surface treatments, and broad similarities between the cooling properties …” „… of the different plants. Differences in cooling efficiency, therefore, depend on the water …”

Session II.5 Buildings: Climate Responsive Architecture S. 350-379

„… closed or cooling off or fan off, 1 = window open or cooling on or fan on). We collected 3991 votes …” „… The data were divided into two groups: the NV mode (naturally ventilated) and AC mode (cooling by air …” „… conditioning). First, we have determined the AC mode based on actual cooling and heating used. Then, all the …”

Session II.4 Buildings: Vernacular and Regional Architecture S. 319-349

„… protection. The system is designed for permanent stack cooling effect and cross ventilation. It is …” „… study refers to a series of design principles including passive heating and cooling, natural lighting …” „… contribution of the bioclimatic elements (heating, cooling, natural lighting and microclimatic strategies) of …”

Session I.3 Regions, Cities, Neighborhoods Outdoor: Thermal Comfort 1 S. 99-129

„… for cooling of the adjacent buildings and encourages outdoor social life and relationships between …” „… and Low Energy Cooling for the Built Environment. Santorini, Greece, May 19-21. 8. Cocci Grifoni R …” „… the reflected short and long and reducing wind-driven cooling [20]. STUDY AREA Dhaka is located …”

Session I.1 Regions, Cities, Neighborhoods: Planning Process S. 32-62

„… allocated to cooling. Many studies have been made of large cities such as Tokyo and Osaka [1, 2]. Sasaki …” „… , based on a data analysis of one day of our measurement series, did not show significant cooling effects …” „… yet. Only few studies investigated the magnitude of the cooling effect of street greenery through …”

Session II.6 Buildings: User Aspects S. 380-416

„… the standard is “to dramatically reduce the requirement for space heating and cooling, whilst also …” „… in the bedrooms with air source heat pumps providing heating and cooling in the communal …” „… staff were asked about opening windows for ventilation and cooling, and about their use of air …”

Session I.5 Regions, Cities, Neighborhoods: Quality Control S. 160-190

„… majorly affected by envelope design, cooling strategies and surrounding environment. Using a high-rise 24 …” „… affected by envelope design, cooling strategies and urban environment conditions. Nevertheless, little …” „… balance engine: EnergyPlus [11]. DesignBuilder allows the dynamic evaluation of heating and cooling …”

Session IV.6 Building Elements and Materials: Building Envelope 2 S. 756-786

„… natural ventilation as a cooling approach for Colombo, Sri Lanka (Source: Climate Consultant 4) By …” „… of this study was to investigate the cooling potential of two types of vertical greenery system …” „… conditions in which the temperature exceeds the limits of comfort, the population demands to cooling …”

Poster Session V.3 Regions, Cities, Neighborhoods: Governance S. 844-872

„… In an energetic analysis, lighting, heating/cooling and ventilation are the main component taken …” „… buildings. This envelope is suited to hot and sunny climates characterized by a frequent need for cooling …” „… cities compared with its surroundings due to the difference in their respective cooling rates. Classic …”

Session I.2 Regions, Cities, Neighborhoods: Energy S. 63-98

„… temperatures, as well as net radiative fluxes of surfaces and heating/cooling needs. MOBILITY We want to …” „… obtain loads for heating, cooling and lighting. The whole process has been automatised using a …” „… influence of form in heating and cooling loads will tend to diminish when buildings become highly …”

Poster Session V.2 Regions, Cities, Neighborhoods: Tools 2 S. 809-843

„… studies to examine the available passive cooling technique for flats, particularly in relation to the …” „… speed by 1m/s had a cooling effect equivalent to lowering the temperature by more than 2°C [13 …” „… . (2005). Thermal Comfort Conditions in Outdoor Spaces. in Passive and Low Energy Cooling. Greece. 23 …”

Poster Session VI.1 Buildings: Refurbishment S. 960-983

„… protect and the possible advantages as free solar gains, night cooling… Both the climatic conditions and …” „… take into account the influence of the heating or cooling systems, the occupant and the individual …” „… Angeles has 1495 Average Annual Heating Degree Days, base 65, and 4306 Annual Average Cooling Degree …”

Poster Session V.1 Regions, Cities, Neighborhoods: Tools 1 S. 787-808

„… detrimental: the benefit of energy savings on heating is only marginally diminished by increases in cooling …” „… ANALYSIS For a proper use of natural ventilation as a strategy for passive cooling of buildings …” „… . 7. Kolokotroni, M; Santamouris, M. (2007). Ventilation for cooling. In: Advances in passive cooling …”

Session IV.3 Building Elements and Materials: Low Carbon S. 666-694

Poster Session VI.5 Buildings: Knowledge Transfer and Governance S. 1110-1143

„… concept objectives and constraints can be formulated, such as not to use any active cooling systems …” „… energy demand for heating, cooling, and lighting. Functional quality. Appraisal: qualitative. The …” „… protection with overheating in the summer with passive cooling strategies, i.e. without necessitating the …”

Session III.2 Buildings: Performance Evaluation S. 448-477

„… user with control over a window, in addition to the ability to adjust heating and cooling …” „… adjust cooling and heating. Figure 4: Comparing the two buildings in terms of (a) CO2 levels; and (b …” „… comfort boundaries heating or cooling is needed. Regarding the weather data for the simulations, the …”

Session IV.2 Buildings: Design Process S. 641-665

„… form-finding algorithms (i.e. CO2 emissions or heating, cooling and lighting loads). Performance may be …” „… . analysis of components a cooling load and energy c ess can be use for example est overall so h …”

Session III.4 Buildings: Daylight S. 510-547

„… cooling can become significant if excessive or insufficient daylight and its associated tradeoff – solar …” „… passive solar heating, passive cooling and conservation become key elements relating to apertures and …”

Poster Session V.4 Regions, Cities, Neighborhoods: Case Studies S. 873-908

Poster Session V.5 Buildings: User Aspects, Monitoring S. 909-930

„… used artificial heating and cooling and what kind of system was used, which rooms are more …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783816790549

John Grunewald, Technische Universität Dresden - CESBP Central European Symposium on Building Physics / BauSIM 2016.

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John Grunewald (Hrsg.), Technische Universität Dresden (Hrsg.)

CESBP Central European Symposium on Building Physics / BauSIM 2016.

2016

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

E-06-3 S. 669-676

„… temperature can then be simulated by a symmetry with a translator. The cooling/heating power (Qcool/Qheat …” „… monthly cooling/heating energy could be found by pointing maximum/minimum in respective ending time of …” „… ANALYSIS OF COOLING AND HEATING ENERGY PROVIDED BY A GREEN ROOF SYSTEM WITH INTEGRATED AIR DUCTS …”

E-04-1 S. 605-612

„… discrepancy between real cooling demand simulated cooling demand in an apartment with a vaulted ceiling …” „… so far and the room is simulated as a single zone. Only a cooling set point of 26°C is introduced …” „… system is placed in layer 4. This layer is set to ϑsp,cooling = 26°C. The window is present in layer 3 …”

D-04-1 S. 429-434

„… the indoor temperature, to investigate heating and cooling loads. The overview of input assumptions …” „… locations. The cooling and heating loads for the COND mode were computed per m², based on the Ab …” „… for the annual heating and cooling loads, as follows: , max minS lV L L (3) Herein, Lmax …”

D-01-3 S. 377-382

„… ABSTRACT The comparison of the existed building thermal load profiles (heating and cooling) allows to …” „… factors: weather conditions, building properties, type of heating and cooling systems, user behavior etc …” „… mechanical and operates only during the working time of occupants. Building has an air cooling and …”

D-06-2 S. 481-488

„… and comfort models to dynamically modify the heating and cooling temperature set points of a zone …” „… through fans is used for local cooling, and radiative or conductive heat transfer is used for heating …” „… and at higher temperatures during the cooling period. Nowadays, we know how to model and predict …”

E-02-2 S. 565-572

„… constants for heating and cooling and their considerably different orders of time constants. However …” „… te m p. /p ow er time constant cooling thermal response cooling ~30 min 1 0 time const. heating 0.63 …” „… exhibits very different thermal dynamics and time constants for heating and cooling as shown in Table 1 …”

B-06-2 S. 141-148

„… not known. The heating, cooling, wetting and drying cycles in urban building materials are greatly …” „… studies as moisture transport in building envelope, film runoff and cooling provided due to evaporation …” „… with multiple reflections are taken into account. The cooling effect due to surface wetting is …”

E-06-2 S. 661-668

„… heat. They have proven to be an energy saving alternative to vapor compression cooling systems to …” „… handle latent cooling loads. To estimate the potential of the distribution network and of liquid …” „… an important role. The control of the air temperature and the humidity divides the cooling load in …”

C-07-1 S. 323-328

„… Aim of the simulation model is to supply the heat and cooling demand of the connected components with …” „… . • The building is a 1-node-model. • No cooling of the building. • No pressure losses in the collector …” „… heat exchangers or ice storages. One promising combination could also be the integration of a cooling …”

P-02-5 S. 781-786

„… , restaurants and beaches. A floating project of evaporating cooling of its envelope in an environment of …” „… cooling of buildings in summer time. The system consists of pipes with lake water inside, integrated in …” „… activate moving in cooling circle, which is supported by additional pumps, figures 15, 16. In this way the …”

C-08-2 S. 353-360

„… discomfort to the residents particularly in summer and increase the cooling load. Therefore, recently …” „… chimney effect, it would also have the undesired effect of increasing the temperature and cooling load …” „… investigated using CFD analysis, considering the thermal comfort of the residents and the cooling load …”

D-08-1 S. 521-526

„… appliances, hot water, heating, and cooling). To properly model the occupancy and behavior, it is essential …” „… cooling devices (Andersen et al. 2009, Mahdavi & Pröglhöf 2008). Moreover, energy use in buildings is …” „… , electric appliances, domestic hot water, heating, and (on rare occasions) cooling. Electricity use data …”

A-02-3 S. 3-10

„… system. To this end, AixLib contains different models for components of heating and cooling systems as …” „… systems than on cooling systems. Examples for basic component models included in the library are heat …” „… buildings’ heating and cooling demand as a timedependent function of the outdoor conditions. USE CASE …”

C-01-1 S. 183-190

„… represents the electricity demand (heating, cooling, DHW plus household electricity), whilst the coloured …” „… useful energy demand of the building (heating and cooling), as well as the final energy demand. Last but …” „… energy demand for heating, cooling, but also the energy demand for domestic hot water, as well as all …”

B-04-3 S. 105-110

„… difference methods are used. The drying and the cooling-warming of brick wall, during which the salt phase …” „… (CM2) before and after the crystallization test. During cooling the sodium sulphate in water …” „… the combination of water evaporation and cyclic cooling. As a consequence the traction appears in …”

D-07-2 S. 505-512

„… for passiv cooling in non residential buildings. The study includes three airbased thermal core …” „… simulation show, that air-based activation is well functioning concerning cooling in standard climate …” „… required auxiliary energy demand for ventilation, heating and cooling the airbased systems shows a …”

P-02-2 S. 759-766

„… or cooling the interior places. They are typically placed inside the floor under large glass areas …” „… Convectors Used for Heating or Cooling, World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology …”

E-03-2 S. 589-596

„… . summer thermal insulation or cooling loads in planning tasks. EINLEITUNG Die numerischen …” „… . Optimized energy concept for an office building with waste heat from IT cooling using building energy …”

C-04-2 S. 259-266

„… devices cooling devices User specified consumptions warm tap water plug load home …” „… rate) Calculation algorithm for efficiency of heat recovery Metering for heating and cooling …”

C-03-2 S. 235-242

„… , the distribution networks and the power, heat and cooling generation side. The central aim of the …” „… towards reducing heating and cooling energy consumption, the data base necessarily needs to reflect the …”

D-02-1 S. 383-390

„… heating/cooling and electricity, which is required to evaluate new energy concepts (Wetter et al. 2013 …” „… handling unit for cooling These systems cover 26 different HVAC components. Some of them are not …”

C-02-3 S. 221-226

„… water collection and geothermal heating and cooling loops have also been incorporated into the systems …”

P-05-2 S. 859-864

„… cooling energy. An extensive analysis of the energy consumption and the resulting indoor climate - using …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… ..................................................................................... 661 E-06-3 Analysis of cooling and heating energy provided by a green roof system with integrated …”

E-06-1 S. 653-660

„… Heating and Cooling“-Programmes (SHC) der Internationalen Energieagentur (IEA). Es E-06-1 Modellierung …”

E-07-3 S. 691-696

„… International Symposium on Disrict Heating and Cooling, Kopenhagen. Pistohl, W. 2009. Handbuch der …”

C-01-2 S. 191-196

„… Buildings are central elements of future smart grids. Heating and cooling demand are predictable within …”

D-03-1 S. 405-412

„… Energy Storage in Building Cooling Systems. Sturzenegger, D. et al., 2013. Model Predictive Control …”

D-07-1 S. 497-504

„… , Z. 2011. Use of Clothing for Body Cooling by Evaporation, Indoor Air 2011, Austin, June 2011 …”

B-07-3 S. 171-178

„… in the cavity follow a logical trend: cooling down at night and warming up during the day. There is …”

D-02-2 S. 391-396

„… additionally the basis values for evaluation via Decision Values (e.g. cooling demand ≤ 15 kWh/m2a) 3 …”

E-02-1 S. 559-564

„… table data and HVAC systems of entirely different nature but finally resulting in a heating or cooling …”

E-07-2 S. 683-690

„… building performance studies address heating, cooling, and ventilation systems designs, airflow pattern …”

P-01-4 S. 739-744

„… improved and measurement was repeated. After drying and cooling in desiccators, the particular samples …”

B-03-3 S. 83-90

„… were controlled using a customized heating, cooling and humidification system, with adequate fans and …”

P-05-1 S. 851-858

„… geothermal heat exchanger, wall heating and passive cooling using TABS, heat recovery above 75% and gas …”

C-01-3 S. 197-204

„… heating and cooling of buildings has to decrease by 2050, according to the EU. To reach this goal …”

C-02-1 S. 205-212

„… convective heating or cooling. Keeping the long charging period (>12 h) in mind the aimed technical …”

P-03-2 S. 795-802

„… Task 32, A Report of IEA Solar Heating and Cooling programme - Task 32: “Advanced storage concepts …”

B-01-2 S. 29-36

„… vapour sources and heating plants. Secondly, the additional demands for (fictive) heating, cooling …”

B-01-3 S. 37-44

„… heating, cooling and ventilation devices were compared. According to this research, it is advised to …”

P-01-2 S. 723-730

„… phase change), short-wave solar radiation and long-wave radiative cooling (at night). Convective heat …”

P-03-3 S. 803-810

„… , monitoring and evaluation of a low energy office building with passive cooling by night ventilation, Energy …”

E-01-1 S. 535-542

„… - Calculation of the net final and primary energy demand for heating, cooling, ventilation, domestic hot water …”

B-04-1 S. 91-98

„… Project 1018-RP Matsumoto M. 1978. Energy conservation in heating cooling ventilating building: heat …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783816797982

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HLH

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HLH Jahrgang 73 (2022) Heft 06 ISSN Online: 1436-5103

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

Undine Stricker-Berghoff Aufzüge lernen von der Gebäudetechnik S. 50-53

„… : PanasonicKompakter CO2-VerflüssigungssatzPanasonic Heating & Cooling Solutions hat sein Angebot an CO2 …”

doi.org/10.37544/1436-5103-2022-06

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