„… Automation pyramid and RAMI (Reference Architecture Model Industry 4.0) 6 2.4 Horizontal and vertical …” „… Metrology indigital productionModels for measuring systems and their applicationVDI Status Report …” „… underlying models are presented. Based on this presentation, gen-erally usable models for the digital …”

„… Reference Architecture Model Industry 4.0 SEMI Semiconductor Equipment and Materials International XML …” „… GDE Gear Data Exchange Format GDX Grinding Data eXchange ID Identification MBD Model Based Definition …”

„… advantage [VDMA 2021]. 2.3 Automation pyramid and RAMI (Reference Architecture Model Industry 4.0) The …” „… automation pyramid, the reference architecture model RAMI 4.0 (DIN 91345, [ZVEI 2015]) is used. This is an …” „… contradic-tory (e.g., automation, change of business models) [Imkamp 2020]. In the field of industrial production …”

„… : https://www.che-mie.de/lexikon/Produktionswirtschaft.html ) [Chen 1976] Chen, Pin-Shan, P.: 1976. The entity-re-lationship model-toward a unified view of …” „… 2003, pp. 29-31. [Ruemler 2017] Ruemler, S. P., et. al.: Promoting Model-Based Definition to Establish …” „… , 2016-12. DIN EN 62264 Integration of enterprise management and control systems - Part 1: Models and …”

„… 153 References [1] IAPWS: Revised Release on the IAPWS Formulation 1995 for the Thermodynamic …” „… http://www.iapws.jp. 154 References [12] Poling, B. E., Prausnitz, J. M., O’Connell, J. P.: Properties of Gases and …” „… on Thermophysical Properties, 218-227, Academic Press, New York (1962). References 155 [29 …”

„… heat capacity of the ideal-gas model from the real fluid behavior of water, i.e., from the reference …” „… : Relative deviation in specific volume v of the ideal-gas model from the reference equation of state IAPWS …” „… relations. The isobaric heat capacity of the ideal gas opc T is either obtained from theoretical models …”

„… ................................................................................. 4 2.1.1 Ideal-Gas Model …” „… .................................................................................... 10 2.2.1 Reference Equations of State …” „… ...................................................................................... 149 References …”

„… Tesla Model 3. The virtual sensors gives a real-time signal for the loading conditions of the given …” „… framework investigates differ-ent model structures and approaches along a hyperparameter optimization. The …” „… choice of the best trained models is made based on proprietary cost functions, which assess the signal …”

„… the important criteria of business model concepts for successful market entry. Main criteria are: a …” „… launch of Bosch FCPM large-scale production. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2402, 2022 111 Reference: Bosch …”

„… figure 3 shows the completed assembly. Fig. 1: CAD model of the electrified sweeper arm VDI-Berichte Nr …” „… model of the drive train was created for this purpose. The efficiencies of the positioning actuator and …” „… the subsequent gearbox were each considered in the model on the basis of their efficiency maps. The …”

„… hydrogen is to illustrate a sustainable alternative for the agricultural sector and model a concept of a …” „… model and simulation The methodological approach of process simulation developed at the Institute for …” „… structure of the process simulation is shown schematically in Fig. 3. The basis of the simulation model is …”

„… into the existing simulation model. With the replacement of the hydrostatic units and an optimized …” „… [%]VDI-Berichte Nr. 2402, 2022 231 References [1] Schroder, A.; Emberger, P.: The Multifuel Tractor – A Flexible …”

„… portfolio with electrified vehicle models. Unfortunately, these solu-tions are not yet ready to cover the …” „… battery-electric models don’t achieve the energy density of fuel cell vehicles in the platform concept for …” „… current state of the art, is reason-able. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2402, 2022 183References [1] U. v. d. Leyen …”

„… engine. The simulation model has been matched with VDI-Berichte Nr. 2402, 2022 87test bench data. Load …” „… successfully developed towards a zero-impact emis-sion propulsion system. References [1]. International …” „… of the above parameters requires accurate modelling. FEV applies its tailored H2-ICE simulation tool …”

„… , Editron components installed on the vehicle, and a 3D model of the layout used to fit the components into …” „… improvements enabled by our electrification journey. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2402, 2022 197   References [1 …”

„… active human model. Results show realistic head-neck and lumbar stabilisation, while modelling leg …” „… modelling techniques. Models for comfort simulation generally use lumped parameterization methods (mass …” „… transmissibility response of the applied vibrations to each modelled segment of the body. Multibody models have …”

„… , turbulence models suitable for rotorcraft applications in the flight simulation framework shall be explored …” „… atmospheric conditions by defining a turbulence intensity factor. Improvement of AFCS bench simulation models …” „… , the existing rotorcraft simulation model up to now only considering rigid body degrees of freedom and …”

„… sensor elements are assigned is calculated. As depicted in figure 3 the reference coordinate system is …” „… placed in the geometric centre 0. In this reference frame a separation plane is defined with an angle …” „… relative to the vertical axis. The separation plane is also described by a reference frame with a normal …”

„… is demanded for conducting further modelling process. The chosen model structure has to reliably …” „… active systems. Primarily, the generalised model of a vibration reduction system is developed for the …” „… evaluated by using its simulation model [6]. The multi-criteria optimisation procedure is engaged in order …”

„… – Collision Avoidance – Criticality Assessment – Environment Representation – Multiple Model Filtering …” „… with the questions i) how to represent the driving environment in an environment model, ii) how to …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 3.1.5 Unscented Kalman Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 3.1.6 Multiple Model Optimal …”

„… the road is modeled as normally distributed around an assumed mean reference acceleration aR,lon,r,m …” „… reference accelerations are again modeled by a linearly growing acceleration variance over the prediction …” „… so-adapted prototype model. The uncertain tangential acceleration along the sine curve is modeled as a …”

„… , USA, June 2010. [5] M. Althoff, O. Stursberg, and M. Buss. Model-Based Probabilistic Collision …” „… . Model-Based Threat Assessment for Avoiding Arbitrary Vehicle Collisions. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent …” „… . Multiple Model Framework of Adaptive Extended Kalman Filtering for Predicting Vehicle Location. In Proc. of …”

„… probability corresponding to the CV model because the preceding 18A highly accurate reference system has not …” „… the state estimates because measurements are weighted more strongly than the uncertain, model-based …” „… too low. The modeling of the different process noises within the three IMM Filter models has to …”

„… object abstraction of dynamic entities additionally allows model-based predictions based on the object …” „… models relevant free space by a combination of a parametric curve and geometric primitives as shown in …” „… lane markings with specific road models [89] or perform road terrain detection based on visual …”