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VDI Wissensforum GmbH - LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2023

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2023

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2427 2023

Results in this title

T. Herlitzius, H. Döll, M. Lindner Tyre testing methodology to evaluate contact pressure distribution and simulation of the resulting soil compaction risk S. 247-254

„… bar, load: 45 kN Fig. 2: Examples of contact pressure distribution and deflexion of tyres measured on …” „… . The pressure and load distribution in the contact area can be used to compare and evaluate the …” „… Tyre testing methodology to evaluate contact pressure distribution and simulation of the resulting …”

M. Vanderstichele, T. Mahieu, S. Bailliu, F. Duquesne Double cross auger cleaning system including cross distribution control S. 139-146

„… quantify the load on the sieves. Besides those sensors, the control system also consumes loss distribution …” „… Double cross auger cleaning system including cross distribution control Ir. Michiel Vanderstichele …” „… the cleaning system perform to its full ability in all conditions. For this a cross distribution …”

A. Lajunen Numerical simulation of alternative powertrains and fuels in agricultural tractors S. 29-38

„… been executed to enable the accurate simulation of external load influences, such as those introduced …” „… distance-dependent load force within the chassis block, affording a heightened level of realism in the simulation …” „… research [6] with a conventional tractor for collecting information about the load resistance during field …”

C. Birkmann, C. Schaub, M. Schmotz, N.-K. Rose, S. Walther, P. Guillaume Multi-Dimensional Three-Point-Hitch Control to Optimize Performance, Efficiency and Working Quality of Tractor Implement Combinations S. 181-190

„… well as the axle load distribution of the tractor can be estimated. Test Procedure and Measurement …” „… load on the support wheel is up to 1 t and the load distribution on the front axle of the tractor is …” „… background of the load transfer principle is explained as well as the limits of the current control …”

D. Jung, M. Rittershofer Side Slope Compensation Conveyor for Combine Harvesters S. 125-130

„… compensating side slopes and controlling material distribution for a cleaning shoe of combine harvesters …” „… material distribution on the sieve surfaces. Therefore, most of the air stream flows through the unloaded …” „… possibility for additional control inputs such as near real time sensed cleaning shoe distribution, feedrate …”

J. Konrad, C. Varlese, C. Junger, R. Krizan, P. Hofmann Fuel cell electric powertrain for the agricultural tractor – FCTRAC: development, performance, and benchmarking S. 49-56

„… thermal system focuses on the challenging fuel cell heat dissipation due to high thermal loads and low …” „… the doner vehicle with 95 kW constant load at 35 °C ambient temperature without derating. Project …” „… coupled to the power distribution unit (PDU) by DC/DCs. The voltage of the PDU is fixed at 400-V-level due …”

R. Grimm, M. Kügle, F. Kattler, J. Mayer, A. Fekete, M. Sepp Classifying tractor operational modes using a supervised machine learning model S. 93-108

„… through ‘load collectives’, which are essentially cumulative metrics that quantify how a system is …” „… operated over time. These metrics typically consider factors like engine load, speeds, pressures, torque …” „… , etc. to evaluate utilization during operational lifespans. While ‘load collectives’ have offered …”

C. Nöß, J. Weller A Fuel Cell Tractor in Operation – Concepts and Field Data S. 39-48

„… designed power distribution unit (PDU) wherein all high voltage components are attached to the DC link. A …” „… example in a load drop scenario. Cabin climatization is enabled by a 6 kW positive temperature coefficient …” „… such a hybrid electric vehicle, it is essential to control the currents of the sources and loads of …”

X. Tian, R. P. Jenkins, J. Lengacher, A. Vacca, S. Fiorati, F. Pintore, D. Cristofori An Analysis of Mixed Hydraulic and Electric Configurations for the Actuation of Tractor Auxiliary and Implement Functions to Reduce Power Consumption S. 1-14

„… hydraulic architecture in the tractor is the load sensing system, which is considered to be the best …” „… requirements of linear actuators used to raise and lower loads by hydraulically recovering lowering loads in …” „… continue as hydraulic functions supplied by the tractor standard load-sense (LS) pump via the EHR valves …”

M. Mattetti, L. Angelucci The development of a reference working cycles for agricultural tractors S. 15-20

„… advantage of decoupling external loads from the engine and thus the engine can operate at its most efficient …” „… complicated since the load is not only dependent on vehicle speed but also on environmental conditions [5] [6 …” „… probability density distribution of engine power of the dataset. Results The real-world dataset comprises …”

C. Mayer, T. Eberhart, K. Huber, J. Karner Fuel cell electric tractor powered with biogenic hydrogen – Vehicle design and architecture S. 57-62

„… transient load requirements. Therefore, a high-voltage battery (HVB) based on lithium-ion cell technology is …” „… battery packs and a battery power distribution unit (BDU) with battery management system (BMS) and located …” „… distribution unit (PDU) with a fixed voltage level of 400 V. The PDU is installed under the hood behind the FCS …”

S. Geißler, T. Herlitzius Simulation of filling and venting operations in agricultural cold heat networks by using CFD and the Volume of Fluid method S. 417-424

„… . The collector sizes are designed according to the expected load conditions and the heat capacity of …” „… be supplied by 1 ha of unsealed area. Fig. 1: Local cold heat network with heating and cooling loads …” „… as density or viscosity are derived from the distribution of the phases. These values are …”

R. Konradt, S. Schmidt Design of an adjustable lightweight stilt tractor – Concept tractor for the application of biological control in maize S. 289-294

„… sustainable tractor-supported solution for the flexible and cost-effective distribution of these beneficial …” „… application methods. So much of biological control is still carried out by hand distribution. Air-supported …” „… integrated into the stilts and intended mudguards. Certain load cases could not be fully evaluated in advance …”

D. Dou An examination of viable sustainable solutions for off-road mobile machinery and agriculture S. 425-432

„… . Fig. 2: (left): GHG emission distribution by scope; (right): GHG contributions from corn …” „… sustain 14hrs of operation at high loads. Battery weight and size, at today’s battery specific energy and …”

B. Kazenwadel, S. Becker, L. Michiels, M. Geimer Data-driven algorithms for predicting energy-efficient operating points in agricultural soil tillage S. 519-528

„… term to counteract the effects of the prediction of out-of-distribution actions and the distributional …” „… wheel loads into account. Therefore, the lifting forces of the rear links of the tractor must be …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024270

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Drivetrain for Vehicles 2016

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Drivetrain for Vehicles 2016

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2276 2016

Results in this title

B. Kohn, M. Otto, K. Stahl Noise Reduction Potential of Waveform Flank Modifications – Topological Waveform and Waveform-like Modifications Provide Promising Optimization Perspective S. 451-468

„… load distributions with some relief at the usable tip and root diameters as well as at the face edges …” „… terms of low transmission error compared to beneficial load distribution. In fact, a low noise flank …” „… only, compensates for the TE while the load distribution is not influenced. This enlarges the design …”

C. Fouret Fatigue Strength of pendulum components in dual mass flywheel VDI 2016 S. 271-280

„… corresponding load measured. This load is then introduced in the Finite element Model (FEM), and the simulation …” „… predict impact loads. They are then introduced in ANSYS © models to analyze the fatigue life of …” „… it is consistent with design. In rotation around a shaft, the order of a dynamic load is defined by …”

S. Foulard, S. Rinderknecht, R. Fietzek Paradigm Change in Transmission Design by Online Condition Prediction – Cost- Efficient and Resource-Optimized Lightweight Design based on the eLIFE and ecoLIFE3 Concepts S. 515-530

„… consideration of the component lifetime is not provided. This results in broad and unequal load distributions …” „… of the load profiles. On this basis, determination of the statistical distribution of the driver …” „… the real load profiles, damage levels and distribution of the driver profiles, for which cost-neutral …”

P. Gwinner, M. Otto, K. Stahl Torque-Vectoring Transmission with Reinforced Plastic Housing for an Electric Subcompact Vehicle – Measures to Integrate a Plastic Housing into an E-Drive Transmission S. 503-514

„… superimposed on the axle drive torque. Depending on the load value and sign of the superimposing machine, the …” „… negative torque with the same value to the other wheel and vice versa. For partial load of the axle the …” „… analyzing the relevant load paths, unloaded areas of the transmission components can be localized and …”

R. Kronstorfer, F. Kolb, U. Pinschmidt Audi quattro – Four wheel drive becomes more efficient S. 369-382

„… , 2016 379 Vehicle Model: Calculation of the dynamic wheel load distribution. Frictional Values Model …” „… with a base distribution ratio of 50:50 between the front and rear axles. In 2005 to further improve …” „… - Operating strategy for all-wheel drive demand recognition - Accurate control of torque distribution …”

H.-W. Raedt, F. Wilke, C.-S. Ernst Lightweight Design in transmission by forging technology in passenger cars and light commercial vehicles S. 485-502

„… weight of 479 kg. The weight distribution between the front and rear axle is quite balanced. The analysis …” „… chassis are long products that are not forged (tubes, springs, etc.). Fig. 2: Weight distribution of …” „… reducing weight while retaining comparable levels of stiffness and resistance to buckling load and …”

S. Heller, S. Heppel The new BMW hybrid powertrain with eight speed hybrid module S. 353-368

„… particularly applies at lower-speed operating points with load point increase for the battery charging …” „… torsional stiffness in the lower load range than in the upper load range up to the full load of the …” „… VDI-Berichte 2276, 2016360 homogeneous heat distribution and thus little temperature spread between the cells …”

K. Fronius, A. Harsch, P. Neuwirth, J. Gindele The AMG SPEEDSHIFT DCT from the Mercedes-Benz 7G-DCT Family – Performance for the Road and Race Track in the Compact Segment S. 53-68

„… the components' load limit raised once again. To ensure a better tractive force connection, gear …” „… diagram in figure 5 the benefit of a better power distribution can be seen. Fig. 5: Traction force …” „… more effectively during load changes and in high-speed ranges – a decisive criterion for use on the …”

A. Albers, K. Bause, S. Ott, S. Reichert, M. Behrendt, U. Reichert applications Tribosystemic view of CVT in drive systems – Getting tribological mechanisms in CVT under control S. 905-918

„… values, film thickness and VDI-Berichte 2276, 2016 905 contact pressure distributions. Thus …” „… load configurations, the interactions within the system are initially displayed simulative. Thus, the …”

D. Engelmann, W. Müller, M. Geimer Project “Line Traction 3” – Mechanical driveline with activewheel hubs S. 731-742

„… turning of the vehicle. An all-wheel drive with open differential allows a defined torque distribution …” „… modifications in the driveline, such as fixed gear stages in middle distribution, improve the situation in …” „… , if ground conditions are rough or axle load fluctuates [1]. So the ideal drivetrain has to ensure …”

M. Seeberger, P. Leipold, R. Schmelzer 8-speed transmission development for motorsport application S. 397-404

„… - Lightweight potential due to compact design approach - Simultaneous distribution of transmitted power over …” „… gears under load just like the volume production transmission. However, the gear steps have been …” „… ratio also cuts the load factors, i.e. the multiplication of engine speed and engine torque governed by …”

J. Utz, V. Lichtenwald, G. Hirt Short Synchro (STSS) – reduced shift travel for MT’s and DCT’s – Development of a synchronizer system for future demands in transmissions S. 231-242

„… turns into the locking po- VDI-Berichte 2276, 2016 233 sition in all load conditions. Reducing the shift …” „… load conditions. - The free flight is mainly defined by the wear reserve of the ring package, which …” „… leads to a favorable stress distribution in the hub because the typical strut window is closed …”

S. A. Pahlovy, S. Faria Mahmud, M. Kubota, M. Ogawa, N. Takakura Improvement of transmission efficiency by reducing the drag torque in disengaged wet clutch – Development of a model for calculating drag torque or spin loss of disengaged wet clutch of transmission S. 879-896

„… running. VDI-Berichte 2276, 2016880 Fig. 1: Fuel energy distribution of a car during running About …” „… . Later, Yuan et al. [8] introduced an additional term into Kato's pressure distribution equation to take …” „… also presented. The velocity distribution equations in the gap are deduced by simplification of the …”

R. König, A. Viehmann, S. Rinderknecht Development of the transmission control for a High-Speed Multi-Gear Powertrain Concept for Electric Vehicles S. 543-562

„… situations with low or moderate load. Therefore, there is room for improvement in terms of efficiency and …” „… VDI-Berichte 2276, 2016 545 chines. The smaller machines can operate at higher relative loads and therefore in …” „… chooses gear ratio and distribution of EM torques considering energy consumption, thermal constraints and …”

J. Winchester, A. Favale, S. A. Martin Lightweight, Highly Efficient Drive System S. 667-680

„… induction motor. The test represented a 3.5 hour transient cycle with dynamic loads showing a typical …” „… to the limited mass available on the IPM motor for heat distribution. As the test continues the …” „… inside the IPM motor and its capability to reduce its temperature during the ‘off load’ periods of the …”

M. Kraft, W. Pflieger, S. Henzler, C. Nizzola, S. Rinderknecht Simulation-based study of drivetrain electrification to improve driving dynamics S. 177-192

„… loads and center of gravity. E-drive functionalities, such as boosting and torque shifting, enable the …” „… possible. In this context it means the enabling of free traction torque distribution between axles …” „… architecture allow for free torque distribution between axles. Its e-drive is operated by a torque-on-demand …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181022764

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - LAND.TECHNIK 2022

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

LAND.TECHNIK 2022

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2395 2022

Results in this title

J. Guo, L. Frerichs, F. Shen, S. Munstermann Analysis of abrasive wear of tillage tools on both macro- and microscopic level S. 309-316

„… , the load/wear distribution is considered. To limit the simulation time and computing capacity, larger …” „… conditions are determined according to load profiles and abrasion loss on the tillage tool in real …” „… applications. A better understanding of correlation between working conditions, load and wear on macroscopic …”

C. Birkmann, J. Wieckhorst, J. Pieper, C. Ehlert, R. Stirnimann, M. Stettler The Integration of a Scientific Soil Compaction Risk Indicator (TERRANIMO) into a Holistic Tractor and Implement Optimization System (CEMOS) S. 29-36

„… for unbalanced load distribution below tracks that can occur in pulling operation compared to …” „… and tracks, includes the SÖHNE calculation approach for stress distribution into the depth of the …” „… soil and evaluates the soil stress against the load capacity of the soil. The ballasting and tire …”

R. Buchaca, T. Langer Quantification of operator assist features’ impact on grain cart operation S. 227-234

„… begin with, a visualization of the general distribution of gaze points (what the eyes are looking at …” „… relevant parameters captured by analysing the eye tracking data are shown. Fig. 4: Distribution of gaze …” „… , experienced a similar load in all the aspects of the task. When looking at the resulting mean R-TLX score …”

A. Opgenoorth, K. Schmitz Development of hydraulic drive systems in the context of electrified work machines S. 133-146

„… regarding power distribution, power splitting and controllability. Single pump systems can provide the …” „… are already available for the consumer market, such as telescopic handlers, smaller wheel loaders and …” „… dynamic load changes. Another challenge is created by the lower energy efficiency. The hydrogen must be …”

S. Schwich, J. Schattenberg, L. Frerichs, M. Gallmeier Adaptive control of a self-propelled sugar beet harvester S. 447-456

„… separated using task-specific nodes. The most important nodes are a data processor, a load …” „… of the cleaning section. Load-coefficient and quality model In [5] is shown that the calculation …” „… cleaning process. Here, the load-coefficient gets introduced to control both effects with an adaptive …”

K. Palm, J. Guo, L. Frerichs, A. Eitzlmayr, F. Maier, P. Seil Calibration of soil models within the Discrete Element Method (DEM) S. 45-54

„… from the environment. It includes the particle geometry and size distribution. The third group of …” „… . An exchangeable tool is connected to a moveable frame via a load cell (6 axis sensor). The tools …” „… measured by use of a pulley. Tool and load cell can be rotated around its vertical axis, the rotation is …”

A. Klein, M. Kissel, P. Pickel, F. de Moraes Boos, V. Kegel GridCON2 – Development of a Cable Drum Vehicle Concept to Power 1MW Fully Electric Agricultural Swarms S. 11-16

„… second is research into different approaches for developing a power distribution vehicle [9]. The topic …” „… distribution vehicle is desired. Therefore, project GridCON2 was started. Fig. 1: Vision of an …” „… all-Electric field swarm with Energy Distribution Vehicle and Swarm Units 2. GridCON2 – Energy Distribution …”

S. Lorenz Machine operation task analysis – A deeper look into the shift of task profiles within operating agricultural cyber-physical production systems S. 473-484

„… this analysis. Table 1: Distribution of autonomy for major tasks in soil cultivation activities with …” „… traction load. Sees that traction load is very high, and the machine continuously reaching traction limit …” „… implement will decrease traction load and eventually help to increase machine forward speed. A8 Operator …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023952

Supaporn Simcharoen - Cooperatively Managing and Exploiting Distributed Co-occurrence Graphs

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Supaporn Simcharoen

Cooperatively Managing and Exploiting Distributed Co-occurrence Graphs

Series: Informatik/ Kommunikation

Volume 879 2022

Results in this title

Dynamic Management of Graph Structures S. 89-98

„… that the load balancing activities are working quite fast,i.e. after six steps, equal load distribution …” „… co-occurrence graph. The respective methods will be discussed in this chapter.5.1 Analysis of the DistributionSo …” „… Chapter 5Dynamic Management of GraphStructuresSo far, the distribution and the distributed …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… load imbalance of inter-peer traffic are reduced by bio-inspired algorithms designed to work with …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102.2 P2P and Content Distribution Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 152.3 DHT …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 594 Decentralised Co-occurrence Graph Management 604.1 Distribution and Decentralisation …”

Introduction S. 1-8

„… distribution of information became an unpredictable and uncontrollable process forthe most demands that it was …” „… do not care for the man-agement and, in particular, the distribution of the information offered …” „… , offering information andmanaging their distribution, and accessing such information are now completely …”

State of the Art S. 9-37

„… distributionsP2P networking is employed on scalability problems by distributing resources over numerousnetwork …” „… builds a singlepoint of failure and attack.2.2 P2P and Content Distribution SystemsA classic content …” „… distribution network (CDN) efficiently delivers several web contents to viewers.It is a developed technology …”

Decentralised Co-occurrence Graph Management S. 60-88

„… have been developed, which shall be discussed in thischapter.4.1 Distribution and DecentralisationIn …” „… included in the load balancing. (Note that, only in the beginning, all NEWwords inserted into the first …” „… peer are immediately set to a PERMANENT state. ThesePERMANENT words are included in the load balancing …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186879103

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Dritev 2023

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2420 2023

Results in this title

S. Yan, P. Piecha, N. Hetzel Virtual Generation of Load Profiles and Spectra for Designing Electrified Vehicles – The influence of software and driving scenarios on powertrain design S. 377-390

„… with a changing load distribution were needed to meet the desired total torque demand during …” „… driver showed a clear difference in load distribution between the front and the rear axle. The front axle …” „… Virtual Generation of Load Profiles and Spectra for Designing Electrified Vehicles The influence …”

M. Magnusson, O. Nicklasson, H. Jacobsson Electric Cross Differential, eXD S. 235-252

„… . Potential for improved regeneration capabilities Reduced tyre load, enabling the use of narrower tires …” „… viewVDI-Berichte Nr. 2420, 2023 237BorgWarner Hydraulic Actuator The torque distribution is controlled by applying …” „… the torque distribution consists of a brushless motor with integrated electronics and a hydraulic pump …”

P. Geradts, M. Kasten, A. Landvogt Psychoacoustic optimization of the NVH behavior of an eDrive power train – Application of a Targeted Micro Geometry Scatter on Helical Gears to break-up the regularity of the transmission error excita... S. 459-470

„… speed run ups at various loads from two variants with microge-ometry distribution in comparison to a …” „… the transmission error under load, considering the elastic deformation of the system and the …” „… microge-ometry for each gear, the proposal makes use of a prescribed distribution in the tooth-to-tooth …”

T. Schneider, K. Völkel, K. Stahl Failure Characteristics of Wet-Clutches in Limited Slip Differentials S. 307-324

„… to spontaneously fail only at individual operating points and as a function of mechanical load …” „… write-off of the transmission. State of Science and Technology High mechanical and thermal loads can cause …” „… 0.05 mm, while hot bands refer to an inhomogeneous temperature distribution concerning the radial …”

Z. Liu, S. Rinderknecht A sequential adaptive sampling strategy for surrogate model construction of transmission losses S. 425-440

„… approach and aims to maximize the minimum sample distance for achieving an uniform sample distribution. By …” „… at the Institute for Mechatronic System (Fig. 2). For simulation of engine and road load, one drive …” „… motor and two load motors are applied to provide required speed and torque conditions. Considering the …”

J. Gindele, F. Faistauer The Future of BEV: High Performance Without Compromising Driving Efficiency S. 37-44

„… partial load. Various measures such as downsizing/downspeeding, lean operation, etc., and of course …” „… load. Generalizing, it can be said that many electric motors have their best load points at around 30 …” „… percent of the load, while internal combustion engines often have their sweet spot at around 70 percent …”

A. Freiburg Virtual development – optimized E-Drive selection by system simulation S. 73-88

„… diagnostic and services followed by the category product safety and security (Figure 4). The distribution …” „… : Distribution of feature categories from req. data sets of an electric drive unit [2] VDI-Berichte Nr. 2420 …” „… for drive torque distribution of the vehicle powertrain is show in Figure 10 including the target …”

A. Kappes, S. Frei, P. Noone, Stephan Rinderknecht Development and Design of a Range Extended four-speed Two-Drive-Powertrain S. 253-280

„… load points with a resulting time fraction, depending on their distribu-tion and incidence. In …” „… only half the maximum currents at full load. In addition, the local proximity can result in further …” „… result from the degree of freedom of torque distribution for the same transmission output …”

N. Missal, S. Schwertel Innovative cold metal forming processes for a sustainable future – Moving forward with helical gear drive components in a resourceand energy-efficient way S. 295-306

„… cutter representing the worm. To ensure an even load on all cutter teeth during the process and to …” „… change of the force VDI-Berichte Nr. 2420, 2023300distribution in the forming zone. This in turn would …” „… . The achievement of an optimal helix an-gle under nominal load is the result of this proceeding …”

L. Bayoux, K.-L. Kimmig, D. Reitz Has the potential in terms of weight, installation space, and function already been exhausted for hybrid transmissions? S. 205-220

„… operation if required via an additional load on the generator. For parallel operation, the clutch is closed …” „… additional drive (boosting) or for generator operation (load point shift). VDI-Berichte Nr. 2420, 2023210 …” „… temperature can be reduced up to 14% and additionally the oil distribution to all planetary bearings is …”

J. Jung, A. Helm Manufacturing technologies for reduced AC copper losses in hairpin stators – Increasing the efficiency of electric traction machines S. 131-142

„… strength, c): Current density distribution at frequency 500 Hz On the way from the bottom of the slot …” „… arises as a result of the slot stray field. When returning to continuous power or in partial load …” „… cross-section. Its uniform distribution is shown in Fig. 4 a). As the electrical fre-quency increases, the slot …”

C. Gropp Leading sustainable transportation: Bringing our vision to the road S. 1-12

„… . 2420, 20232 Fig. 3: Distribution of carbon dioxide emissions produced by the transportation sector …” „… higher range, higher pay-loads or higher flexibility (e.g. faster refueling and not plannable routes …” „… the load on the electricity grid, which exists in numerous forms and shapes worldwide. A variety of …”

C. Mohr Acoustic Optimization of Electric Powertrains from a Vehicle Level Perspective S. 471-0

„… is not authorized for onward distribution, Schaeffler can draw approximate conclusions about NVH in …” „… an optimal effect in certain load ranges, optimizing excitation alone is not sufficient in many cases …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024201

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