„… discrete problem of which elements should contain void and which elements should contain material into a …” „… evaluating the method proposed in this thesis. In its finite element form the compliance problem can be …” „… [166]. In this method, which is derived from image processing, the sensitivity of an element is …”

„… directly address the discrete problem. An exception is the work of Madeira et al. in which each element of …” „… continuum topology optimization [101]. Since then, a large variety of specialized methods has been developed …” „… . However, researchers in structural design are often not aware of the available EC methods, while …”

„… ” used in discrete BESO approaches corresponds to the sensitivity from density-based methods. Topological …” „… model a systematic clustering method for the determination of element prototypes has potential to …” „… receive a generic topology optimization method that is more general than classical approaches. This novel …”

„… optimization method and presents comprehensive results. Primarily, Topology Optimization by Predicting …” „… optimization problem. From a research perspective, it serves as reference for testing novel methods. Secondly …” „… Symbol Value Number of elements N 45× 28 = 1260 Element size - 1mm x 1mm Load l 1N Target volume fraction …”

„… stabilization method in BESO [90] or the element memory in HCA [131]. Overall, the results show that the …” „… scenario that are considered [157]. Existing gradient-based methods are only applicable for considerably …” „… structure approach, the design space consists of a frame/ground structure of beam elements. A simplified …”

„… topology and element sizing design optimisation of tall steel frameworks using a hybrid OC-GA method …” „… 177 Bibliography [1] Adelman, H. M. and Haftka, R. T. Sensitivity analysis of discrete structural …” „… set method and the topological gradient in structural optimization. In IUTAM symposium on topological …”

„… method for the dynamic finite element (FE) simulation of large jointed structures with local contact …” „… discrete stiffness between the contact location of two beam elements The drawback of using the finite …” „… effort. Therefore, we employ a model order reduction method based on the Galerkin projection of the …”

„… Ansätze: Die Discrete Element Method (DEM) ist einer der Standardansätze zur Modellierung granularer …” „… Crash-Simulation genutzte Finite-Elemente-Methode (FEM) zu nutzen. Bei der Volkswagen AG wird für die FEM-Crash …” „… (MKS) als geeignete Methode nahe. Aus diesem Grund wurden zunächst Simulationen mit dem Programm …”

„… directly for shape optimization since the design variables are automatically generated from the discrete …” „… industrial applications of the method can be found in [5] and [11]. In this contribution the formulation …” „… stamping, currently the most widely used method for sheet forming. The mathematical formulation of the …”

„… on the tool as well as the resulting wear. With the discrete element method, a simulation model is …” „… . M.: Comparison of the discrete element and finite element methods to model the interaction of soil …” „… the discrete element method, Biosystems Engineering 171 (2018). S. 1–15. [6] Graff, L.; Roberge, M …”

„… Werkzeugoberfläche. Abstract The Discrete Elements Method has been used for several years in the simulation of …” „… Berechnung des Lastprofils eines Grubberzinkens mit der Diskreten Elemente Methode …” „… Nutzfahrzeuge Kurzfassung Die Diskrete Elemente Methode wird seit einigen Jahren bei der Simulation von …”

„… P. Eberhard: Prediction of draft forces in co-hesionless soil with the Discrete Element Method. In …” „… die Diskrete Elemente Methode zur Kraftprädiktion am Beispiel eines interaktiven Baggersimulators …” „… Simulation in Echtzeit. Die Kopplung von Baumaschinen-Modellen mit der Dis-krete-Elemente-Methode wurde in …”

„… recent years, the Fraunhofer ITWM has developed methods to include flexible elements such as cable …” „… eines modernen PKW. Das Fraunhofer ITWM hat in den vergangenen Jahren Methoden entwickelt, um flexible …” „… Elemente wie Kabelbündel bereits in frühen Entwicklungsphasen in die simulationsgestützte Bauraumauslegung …”

„… bases method (RB) perform. Now, when operating within the reduced basis, the solution complexity scales …” „… static/dynamic compatibility.  The treatment of degenerated structural elements (beam, plate, shell, …) can be …” „… , data can be complex in many circumstances (heterogeneous, discrete, categorical, codified, …) and for …”

„… parameters, such as the green body mixed state. The discrete element method allows to simulate the mixing …” „… . Jiang: Discrete Element Method of Coke Accumulation: Calibration of the Contact Parameter. IFAC …” „… mixed state. The discrete element method allows to simulate the mixing and molding process. Segregation …”

„… . Jiang: Discrete Element Method of Coke Accumulation: Calibration of the Contact Parameter. IFAC …” „… : www.cfdem.com/media/DEM/docu/Manual.html. Zugriff am 03.09.2021 [2] Uhlmann, E.; Eulitz, A.; Sethlefs, A.: Discrete Element Modelling of …” „… ideal gemischten Kurve und der ideal entmischten Kurve bestimmt. Die Methode basiert auf der Annahme …”