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Sun Danfeng - Distributed Edge Intelligence Enabled Wireless Communication Systems Serving Industrial Applications

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Sun Danfeng

Distributed Edge Intelligence Enabled Wireless Communication Systems Serving Industrial Applications

Series: Mess-, Steuerungs- und Regelungstechnik

Volume 1278 2022

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Introduction S. 1-5

„… Serving Industrial ApplicationsChapter 2 Related WorksWCSs Analysis Phase WCSs Control PhaseChapter 3 DA …” „… are also huge facing modern industrial applications. Organizations such as the3rd Generation …” „… : Applications and their related indicators.light curtains) to form closed-loop control. In general, auxiliary …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… Serving Industrial ApplicationsDanfeng Sun, M. Eng., Hangzhou, ChinaBAND 1|1VOLUME 1|1NR. 1278REIHE 08 …” „… EnabledWireless Communication Systems ServingIndustrial ApplicationsDissertationzur Erlangung des akademischen …” „… Edge Intelligence Enabled Wireless Communication Systems Serving Industrial ApplicationsDanfeng Sun …”

Related Work S. 6-23

„… Communication Systems2.2.1 Subjects for AI ApplicationsAdvances in AI provide broad prospects for many fields …” „… data also exceedsthe real-time requirement of many industrial applications.Since the inference model …” „… ) in most applications now.In the following year, Random Forest [42] was proposed. Combined with …”

Bibliography S. 87-108

„… VDIDistributed Edge Intelligence Enabled Wireless Communication Systems Serving Industrial ApplicationsDanfeng …” „… ControlApplications and Methods, 40(1):43–54, 2019.[4] Baiping Chen, Huifeng Wu, Hongwei Zhou, and Danfeng Sun. Emp …” „… Applications, pages 1–20, 2020.[124] Nesrine Ben Khalifa, Vincent Angilella, Mohamad Assaad, and Mérouane …”

Conclusions and Future Work S. 83-84

„… distributed edge intelligence (DEI) and wire-less communication systems (WCSs) for industrial applications …” „… model-split intelligent applications in edge devices.6.2 Future WorkThis cross-domain is still full of …” „… mechanism. Gener-ality and universality need to be further verified by more applications. Also, its …”

Distributed Edge Intelligence for Dependability Assessment and Spectral Efficiency Optimization S. 70-82

„… applications from both analysis and control phases. For instance, Willmann etal. [13] presented an up state …” „… may notmeet the requirement of industrial AI applications. Then, solutions with edge intelligence …” „… insufficient for industrial applications. As we claim in Chapter 2.3.3, few studiesfocus on the model split …”

Publication List S. 85-86

„… Applications, 2019,52(24): 219-224.[2] Danfeng Sun* and Sarah Willmann*. Deep Auto-encoder-based Approach for …” „… Applications, 2020: 1-12.[2] Danfeng Sun, Jia Wu, Jian Yang, and Huifeng Wu*. Intelligent Data Collaboration …” „… polynomial and cuckoo search. Optimal Control Ap-plications and Methods, 2019, 40(1): 43-54.[12] Jianyong …”

Dependability Assessment S. 24-46

„… . Modified from the publication [160].Targeting industrial applications, a wireless communication system (WCS …” „… ) is abstracted asshown in Fig. 3.1. Industrial automation applications inside wireless devices …” „… . Therefore, every kind of application has specific communication requirements.The dependability conditions of …”

Spectral Efficiency Optimization S. 47-69

„… most applications only need a processing interval higher than10ms, under the case that the Nt and K can …” „… , the iterative Algorithm 1 isput forward.4.3.3 Applications of Attention MechanismTwo types of …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186278081

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

ELIV 2023

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2423 2023

Results in this title

S. Duda, Laurent Emmerich A unified middleware for SoC-agnostic application development S. 379-384

„… A unified middleware for SoC-agnostic application development How to meet the requirements of the …” „… consists of four layers: the processor, the operating system, the middleware and the application software …” „… : the hardware abstraction between processor and application software, provision of system functions …”

B. Budaker Modular High Power DC/DC Platform for FC-Applications S. 711-0

„… Modular High Power DC/DC Platform for FC-Applications The 6th Generation Bidirectional DC/DC …” „… applications are battery-hybrid systems, where the fuel cell itself needs to be operated in a “steady-state …” „… system must be ensured. These hybrid “FC-battery”-systems are applied in various applications with …”

D. Nardo, G. Aiello, F. Gennaro Analysis of WBG based hybrid semiconductors approach for bidirectional PFC in On-board charger applications S. 223-234

„… applications Domenico Nardo, STMicroelectronics, Germany; Giuseppe Aiello, STMicroelectronics, Italy …” „… PFC stage in bidirectional OBC (On-board-charger) application. A comparison between 2-Level and …” „… considered into the final application. According to this brief introduction bidirectional PFC topologies are …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… . Horn, Accenture, Stuttgart Automotive AI – ApplicationsAI-Based Energy Management of Next Generation …” „… semiconductors approach for bidirectional PFC in On-board charger applications 223D. Nardo, STMicroelectronics …” „… | 09:37:51 | 148 mm x 210 mm SoftwareA unified middleware for SoC-agnostic application development 379S …”

S. K S, Tata Elxsi, N. Velinov Software-Defined Vehicle: Combining Real-Time Safety Critical Functions with Cloud Connectivity S. 543-558

„… applications (Artificial Intelligence) into the Software-Defined Vehicle (SDV). In this presentation Tata …” „… safety-critical real-time Driver Monitoring System (DMS) with cloud-based non-critical applications. It explains …” „… secure platform for both the DMS and cloud-connected applications. The talk also discusses the …”

M. Cupelli Rust for Automotive – A Modern, Memory-Safe and Secure Programming Language S. 533-542

„… – attributes that are essential for automotive applications. This paper introduces Rust in embedded software …” „… 's promising potential for the upcoming next-generation of safety-critical applications. The Rise of Rust …” „… high requirements of safety and security in different applications. Rust’s unique approach to memory …”

O. Schmidt, K. Albers, P. Rehkop, R. Münzenberger Strategically Migrating, Mapping and Scaling Software to new SoC, domain and zone architectures and HPC S. 169-184

„… response time really needed. In all other cases it is an overestimation due to the application of SL-LET …” „… of the different abstraction levels. We outline the application of the approach to a case study based …” „… consuming applications for autonomous driving and IVI shall also be deployed to the new SoC. Mapping …”

M. Bornemann, F. Baumann Sustainable Software Development for Cloud-Native Vehicles S. 519-532

„… platforms are highly proprietary, which means it takes a lot of effort to port application software. The …” „… , machines, devices and software applications. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2423, 2023 519Vehicle Architecture …” „… . Android provides full abstraction of the application software from the hardware and the platform software …”

C. Wilks, J. Roslak New Opportunities with Software Defined Lighting – Appearance drives Emotionalization S. 61-76

„… possibilities have long been recognized by OEMs and are particularly driven in the time of LED applications. LED …” „… , such multi-light source systems have developed into matrix applications with individually controllable …” „… commercial applications (post-sale revenue streams, sale of services, over-the-air (OTA) update/upgrades …”

F. Kraemer Development and Testing Autonomous Vehicles (AV) at Scale S. 149-158

„… object access choices from multiple data sources to users and applications accessible at the edge, the …” „… spent loading data begins to impact application performance. Modern GPUs like the NVIDIA H100 are …” „… to bring data together for faster application results. The Global Data Platform (GDP) IBM Storage …”

P. Dreiseitel, D. Yesilbas Generative Artificial Intelligence – How AI Models Change the Way We Develop Automotive Products S. 405-418

„… landscape. This paper provides an overview of generative AI methods, their diverse applications across …” „… assistance systems to implementing AI-based quality control measures, the applications are myriad. However …” „… in academic discussions, industrial applications, and public discourse. The emergence of highly …”

T. Hackl, L. Roslaniec Multi-level GaN inverter for highest HV EV performance and efficiency – comparison of 2-level and 3-level inverter topology S. 247-252

„… Multi-level inverter is state-of-the-art today´s in electrical drive applications with high power and high …” „… voltages (e.g., electric power plants) or in applications which require a good quality of sinusoidal …” „… . Understanding these trade-offs are necessary to make a proper choice for an application. VisIC Technologies' D3 …”

T. Schwendner, M. Schlodder SAE J1939 in AUTOSAR – CAN FD and CAN XL – Achieve Higher Data Rates for J1939 Communication in AUTOSAR S. 635-644

„… layout and content of bus messages for specific applications required in such networks. As a result, J …” „… for the Application Protocol Indicator (AppPI) and eight bits for the SA. The payload of the Multi-PG …” „… , regardless of the underlying software implementation. AUTOSAR also provides standardized application …”

G. Shirasat, T. Dannemann Snapdragon Ride Flex SoC: The central compute solution that’s bringing the SDV vision to reality S. 253-266

„… , allowing a consistent south bound interface to write in-vehicle applications across the generations of the …” „… former, depending upon the application functionality to be achieved, a developer can build an application …” „… . The microservices and monolithic application components can communicate with each other through a …”

S. Spitzer, S. Wahl Hydrogen – A Game Changer in the Automotive Industry ... and Beyond S. 689-702

„… for these solutions. H2 applications take advantage of all use cases where short refueling times and …” „… applications in operation helps to optimize the next generation of solutions in all global focus regions. Bosch …” „… paper gives an outlook on stationary applications, focusing on H2 pro- duction via PEM Electrolyzer (PEM …”

N. Pfullmann Electrified commercial vehicle trailers – how to turn a conventional trailer into a hybrid vehicle S. 703-710

„… into further potential applications of electrified commercial vehicle trailers is given. Introduction …” „… based on ZF’s axle program for trucks and bus applications and specifically adapted for usage on a …” „… minimum. Hence retrofitting applications are also considerably simplified. Housing the majority of the …”

A. Till, R. Hayton Why Trusted Execution Environments are Critical for Automotive Security S. 599-612

„… applications, and has a long history of treating security seriously. GlobalPlatform defines a set of APIs that …” „… for trusted applications (TAs). It is the trusted applications that provide functionality to the …” „… base requirements, but in future, certification of applications is also likely to be required. Whilst …”

K. Eliasch, Dr. P. Friedel, D. Li, D. Shan Cooperative Perception Services to Improve the Safety of Road Users S. 347-364

„… (Coordination Conversion)Dead ReckoningApplication Software Layer‐CPS Core Service HMI LayerEgo Motion and …” „… communication to the VT-Box. Then the dataflow enters the CPS application layer. Once there is a potential …” „… application layer and received by the application layer of the receiver. The cSAE standardization requires …”

J. Schlosser, J. Petersohn Maintaining Open-Source based Software S. 267-280

„… implications of GNU/Linux. Additionally, we will dis-cuss the significance of application analysis, cost …” „… applications.  A major advantage of GNU/Linux is its large and accessible developer pool. The active developer …” „… demanding automotive applications. Its stability, VDI-Berichte Nr. 2423, 2023 275scalability, and …”

L. Heinrich, M. Springer, D. Schütz, J. Pannek A Holistic Approach for a Universal Vehicle-to-Robot (V2R) Communication Interface S. 365-378

„… . Typical ASR applications require Vehicle-to-Robot (V2R) communication to interact with different vehicle …” „… interfaces to vehicle, driver, and infrastructure.[3] Next to already developed applications such as …” „… ., UART and CAN [7]. Based on the given application requirements, certain design decisions must be made …”

C. Horn Automotive OS reloaded – Refocus and Reality Check S. 385-390

„… same time: Charging experiences that leave customers alone, silo applications, complex registration …” „… re-focus on applications and user interaction. So, the tech player has finally reached a quasi-standard …” „… of the use cases in R&D, manufacturing, and sales. In addition, first applications of Generative AI …”

K. Fuchs, G. Hasenbichler How Data-driven Approaches Enhance Agile and Quality-assured Software Development for AD S. 663-672

„… for the application of data-driven development in advanced ADAS and AD development. Following some …” „… passenger car applications with a limited width of the car roof and a distributed system intended for the …” „… usage in truck and bus applications. : Tasks in data collection VDI-Berichte Nr. 2423, 2023 665 The …”

M. Pfeifle, N. Zeller, A. vom Felde Combining ADAS and SD Maps for Augmented Reality Guidance S. 135-148

„… the foundation for precise AR guidance applications. The precise positioning and lane data allow for …” „… application is depicted. Objects such as cars, pedestrians, bikes, and lanes are detected based on a front …” „… by frame. Applications of vision camera-based environment perception comprise: Lane Detection and …”

U. Bodenhausen How to Become a Leader by Development of AI – ChatGPT Research Papers Analysed S. 281-292

„… important learnings about successful AI development. The challenges of NLP and automotive applications are …” „… important insights, especially when compared to automotive practices. Fig. 1: Application of AI as …” „… time. How does this refer to automotive development? There are many possible applications of AI in …”

Z. Bassi, P. Gulden Using Radar and Vision Fusion for Improved Low-light Pedestrian Detection S. 113-132

„… backup application and keep the cost low. Our overall pipeline has components similar to [2], however …” „… processing, like object detection. A main processor, the Application CPU, performs the control functions …” „… fusion applications. All our software algorithms for this project were run either on the GW5x IC, or on …”

Y. Duhr New EE Architecture – MB.OS 1.0, the digitalization of the E/E architecture of Mercedes-Benz S. 321-330

„… have to be implemented: 1. New vehicle application in the infotainment ECU 2. New signals on the …” „… APIs (Application Programming Interface) to increase the overall resiliency and easy extensibility of …” „… quickly to customer demands (Fig. 8): 1. New vehicle application in the infotainment ECU 2. The existing …”

H. Ghezali, L. Trautmann, S. Witke, S. Herbold A Review of using Artificial Intelligence in Large Projects for Requirements Classification S. 573-588

„… application of AI for this use-case, resulting in no concern. 2. Introduction Systems to be developed are …” „… assignment given that between 20 and 30 teams are involved. The ethical aspects for the AI application in …” „… wrongly predicted. B. RoBERTa-large results on CUSTOMER data The real-life application is to use the …”

T. Löhr, B. Bauer Supply chain security risks of software driven products S. 479-496

„… particular software application or system. SBOMs are essential for tracking and managing the various software …” „… open-source and third-party components used in software applications. It involves analyzing and monitoring the …” „… software dependencies within an application to: 1. Identify Components: Identify all the third-party …”

N. Kechler, E. Sax, N. Venkatesh Key Factors of a robust and safe Automated Driving Function – Transferable Insights of City-Bus Platooning in Munich S. 677-688

„… during the development will finally be transferred for a general application. 2 Characteristics of …” „… the previous bus train for this application area. With platooning, vehicles are able to automatically …” „… at an early stage and to describe the subsequent area of application and the required use cases in as …”

M. Nestoriuc, H. Walia Criticality driven data acquisition in autonomous driving – A basis for completeness and safety argumentation S. 1-16

„… intersections. Criticality metrics have various applications in the project:  Online data collection: They …” „… application of CAPTOR is shown in Fig. 7, demonstrating its valuable role in improving the validation and …” „… present an illustrative example of the application of CAPTOR, focusing on the criticality phenomenon …”

T. Hinzmann Achieving Ubiquitous Connectivity for Future Vehicles S. 331-346

„… , and environmental applications. The goal of V2X is to improve road safety, increase the efficient flow …” „… standardization for V2X applications is called cellular-V2X (C-V2X). Sometimes V2X and V2N are handled as separate …” „… applications. These enable cost-effective PCB (low amount of layer) with beamforming ICs on the back. Further …”

J. Sieracki, R. Yang, A. Vamos, M. Caggiano Seeing with Sound: AI-Based Detection of Participants in Automotive Environment from Passive Audio S. 293-306

„… by virtue of the automotive application. The physical environment is challenging and requires …” „… wiring. While we do not need 48 kHz for this application, we do make use of the bit depth. It is …” „… Devices (ADI) A²B® Audio Bus: https://www.analog.com/en/applications/technology/a2b-audio-bus.html [7 …”

A. Malvankar, S. Riediger, V. Kumar Konenki, F. Probst, M. Marx, A. Jasoliya, J. Philipp Hake Continuous System Architecture Development for Automated Driving Features S. 307-320

„… and system and vehicle testing. Fig. 1: The DevOps approach The application of the above-mentioned …” „… requirements describing complex automotive systems. An appropriate field for application is the specification …” „… further via application in larger development projects. Additionally, it can also be integrated into the …”

M. Wegener, R. Savelsberg, A. Alberti, G. Cechini, L. Schäfers, K. Badalian, S. Pischinger A Cloud-based Self-Learning Digital Twin Solution for Increasingly Accurate Range Prediction in Battery Electric Vehicles S. 103-112

„… losses and thus the energy demand required to overcome the driving resistances. For this application our …” „… Applications, 2023. [9] M. Müller, M. Reif, M. Pandit, W. Staiger and B. Martin, “Vehicle Speed Prediction …”

F. Mayer, J. Apelt, R. Münzenberger, F. Kraft, C. Winkler Event-Chain-Focused Development of System Architectures Makes Complex Systems Manageable S. 645-662

„… paper is a case study on the application of the “Event-Chain-Focused Development Methodology” in an …” „… necessary. 4.3 Application to the Software Architecture At MAN, logical components are represented by …” „… for Automotive Applications. Computer 40 (2007) 10, S. 42–51 [6] van Engelenburg, S., Janssen, M. u …”

P. Fietkau, L. Diebolder Challenges in the Synchronous Development of Software, Hardware and Mechanics for Drive Systems S. 559-572

„… , temperature, current, etc. are important. Fig. 9 shows an application case based on a component in the …” „… customer's exact application profile, i.e. the speed distribution, the distribution of route shares …”

N. Ilg, D. Sisejkovic, P. Duplys Where is Everybody? – Looking for Remote Attacks on Cars in the Wild S. 623-634

„… currently very distributed picture of electronic control units (ECUs) for different applications from …” „… development of software applications, but also attacks onto these systems. The aforementioned centralization …”

O. Meyer, B. Böhlen Mastering the software update complexity of modern vehicles S. 199-210

„… types (e.g., boot loader, application, data / calibration) and each flash type can be filled with …” „… vehicle version of which a vehicle will have exactly one. In the past this approach fits the application …”

A. Heise Plug & Play High-Performance Computer (HPC) and Fluid Cooling Solution S. 159-168

„… cooling pads itself can be flexibly adapted to individual applications. In the case of a single HPC, the …”

D. Cotterle, M. Hofmann How to Improve EV Battery Cell Quality – Making Test a Competitive Advantage S. 211-222

„… Testing Depending on the application and architecture, a battery pack for an EV can include hundreds or …”

A. Hensel, D. Derix, J. Bornwasser Power electronic system technology for future high-power charging systems on highways or large inner-city electric charging stations with several MVA system size S. 235-246

„… battery is no longer sufficient for this application. Even if the EV charging station is connected to …”

O. Kotte, L. Beermann, D. Ziegenbein, S. Ravi, M. Vinnakota Master Algorithm for Event-based Co-Simulation with FMI 3.0 for Timing Accurate Software-in-the-Loop S. 447-462

„… model) of the relevant components of the system like Hardware, Software application (without the …” „… of the co-simulation Next, we focus on the application of the generic approach to the development of …”

J. Hansson, L. Henderson, M. Sadeghi Kati, D. Möller, S. Ray, S. Schoutissen Safe and efficient regenerative braking strategies for BEV heavy vehicle combinations S. 91-102

„… machine torque followed by vehicle stabilizing service brake applications. On low-friction surfaces, these …”

M. Sandler Distributed development along the automotive supply chain: 8 insightful recommendations for OEMs and suppliers to jointly implement cybersecurity S. 613-622

„… successful application of the product in various contexts. #7 Deadlines, communication, and collaboration …”

X. Wang, A. Hübner, K. Weishaupt, K. Chung Validation and Interpretation of Neural Networks: DNN-Based Object Detection as an Example S. 419-436

„… dedicated metrics and approaches for different application categories (e. g. classification, detection …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024232

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - International Conference on Gears 2017

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

International Conference on Gears 2017

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2294 2017

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T. Utakapan, B. Kohn, M. Fromberger, M. Otto, K. Stahl Evaluation of gear noise behaviour with application force level S. 695-706

„… Evaluation of Gear Noise Behaviour with Application Force Level Dipl.-Ing. T. Utakapan …” „… meshes, an application force level was developed. This characteristic value allows noise behaviour …” „… , the formulation of application force level is derived and its usage is shown. Although the …”

B. Leupold, V. Janzen, G. Kotthoff, D. Eichholz Validation approach of PM gears for eDrive applications S. 119-130

„… Validation approach of PM gears for eDrive applications Björn Leupold, Vitali Janzen, Dr. Gerd …” „… use of sintered gears in highly loaded applications like automotive transmissions, advanced net shape …” „… generation [8] - [11] towards demonstrator applications and PM gear validations on transmissions [12] - [14 …”

A. Miltenović, M. Banić, Ž. Mišković, R. Mitrović, V. Miltenović Prediction of heat generation in transmission bearings by application of FEM S. 1199-1208

„… Prediction of Heat Generation in Transmission Bearings by Application of FEM Assis. Prof …” „… five causes, which is considered to be dominant. By application of finite element method, the heat …” „… Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 22489622 National Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering …”

S. Jain, B. James A simulation approach to calculate gear dynamic-factors for high-speed applications S. 649-658

„… A simulation approach to calculate gear dynamic-factors for high-speed applications Sharad …” „… design durable gears for high-speed applications, it is crucial to understand the influence of dynamic …” „… more reliable gears for high-speed applications. 1. Introduction Consideration of dynamic tooth …”

A. Carbonelli, J.-Y. Guerder Computing and minimizing the whining noise – Application to a bogie gearbox S. 517-526

„… Computing and minimizing the whining noise – Application to a bogie gearbox Dr.-Ing. A …” „… STE from different teeth geometry. 2. Application to a boogie gearbox It is in most of the cases a …”

J. Fechler, M. Böhm, S. Aberle, V. Merz A contribution to the NVH behavior of plastic gears in automotive applications S. 1531-1540

„… A contribution to the NVH behavior of plastic gears in automotive applications Dr.-Ing. J …” „… comfort applications is getting more and more important. This paper will give an overview of the current …” „… applications in the car. Seat adjusters, electric parking brakes (EPB), electric power steering system (EPS …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, F. Goergen, D. Mevissen Crack propagation analysis of pitting damages of high-strength material systems in gear applications S. 281-292

„… Applications Prof. Dr.-Ing. Christian Brecher, Dr.-Ing. Christoph Löpenhaus, Fabian Goergen M.Sc., Dieter …” „… applications, the demand on high power density is continuously growing. Apart from optimizing tooth shape …” „… cycles will increase due to high-speed applications in combination with longer fatigue lives. Thus, the …”

E. Chiappetta, D. Morrey Non-standard spur gear tooth profiles for improved epicyclic gear system performance in low speed applications S. 825-834

„… applications Erasmo Chiappetta, Prof. Denise Morrey, Department of Mechanical Engineering Mathematical …” „… carrying capacity and physical packaging volume reduction, for applications characterized by low speed and …” „… requirements of specific applications [4]. Conventional gear design is based on a standard rack cutter of …”

P. Tenberge, D. Kupka, T. Panéro Influential criteria on the optimization of a gearbox, with application to an automatic transmission S. 253-266

„… Influential criteria on the optimization of a gearbox, with application to an automatic …”

A. Lohrengel, M. Heß Thrust cone bearings provide increased efficiency for helical gear units at moderate speed levels – Indications for possible energy saving potential in an expanded field of application S. 231-242

„… Indications for possible energy saving potential in an expanded field of application Druckkammlager bieten …” „… investigations consider three aspects which appear relevant to extend the field of possible applications for …” „… significantly for future applications. Kurzfassung Druckkammlager sind eine elegante Möglichkeit zur …”

R. Weidig Adoption of polymer gears – Challenges and solutions S. 1565-1574

„… , low-mass and highly efficient solution to significantly reduce NVH in engine related application areas like …” „… automotive application areas contributing to the overall requirements for cost reduction, supporting weight …” „… technical and engineering polymers have led to new, innovative applications delivering quiet, efficient …”

H. Yakaria Gear Data Exchange (GDE) – goLive S. 1235-1246

„… , VDI 2610) has become increasingly important regarding to the applications of I4.0 and digitalization …” „… shown. Furthermore the basic structure and the application of the GDE format for the gear metrology and …” „… the implementation of the GDE in the gear measurement application is demonstrated. Fig. 1 …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… 83 T. Schulze, helical-geared planetary gearboxes K. Riedel Applications – Electrified Power Train …” „… PM gears for eDrive applications 119 V. Janzen, G. Kotthoff, D. Eichholz W. Wang, Research on the …” „… , J. Xu, Y. Cheng, J. Liu Applications A. Lohrengel, Thrust cone bearings provide increased …”

S. Vonderschmidt, A. Vonderschmidt, R. Vonderschmidt A novel magnetic angular transmission S. 591-602

„… function and applications of coaxial magnetic gearboxes, the design and experimental results of an …” „… . Magnetic gearboxes achieve efficiencies of over 99%, so they are thus recommended for any applications …” „… means that magnetic gearboxes cannot be designed for special cycle times, i.e. in many applications …”

G. Eitzinger Adaptive coatings on gears for NVH improvement S. 1439-1450

„… application and the above mentioned overlapping tolerances can be a source of NVH problems like whine or …” „… lowers the specific loads. The result is optimized backlash and improved NVH. Typical applications are …” „… , 20171440 Hardness values are defined related to the specific loads in the application. Typically, in a …”

S. Stoyanov, V. Dobrev, A. Dobreva Investigating dynamic behavior of planetary gear trains through the systematic approach S. 197-208

„… decreasing of noise and vibrations of planetary gear drives. The application of the relationships of natural …” „… simultaneously application of the systematic approach and the software system ABAQUS by the solving the problem …” „… . They are very attractive especially for aeronautical applications (turboprop engines, helicopter …”

B. Schlecht, T. Schulze, K. Riedel Tooth contact analysis under load on double helical-geared planetary gearboxes S. 83-96

„… . Double helical gearboxes are used in different applications in the industry where high rotational speeds …” „… distribution along the path of contact. Fig. 3 Definition of contact lines and force application points [1 …” „… specific application, analogous procedures cannot be made for all parts of the planetary gearbox …”

M. McCormick, J. Michaud Isotropic superfinishing of high hardness steels – How using a custom REM ISF® process as a quality control, defect remediation, and isotropic superfinishing procedure can increase the performance of... S. 163-172

„… performance applications. The need for components that are lighter weight, have increased operating safety …” „… alloys for moist environment gear and bearing applications, or the development of high hardness …” „… , the potential for performance gains is clear. For gear applications, some primary focal areas for …”

P. Kauffmann, P. Schäflein, V. Heuer PM technology for the future powertrain S. 1289-1298

„… efficient solution for high strength and high precision powertrain applications. Material and processes …” „… production starts with the production of powder. Alloying elements are tailored for application and process …” „… Speed Gears Fig. 2: High Torque Application of PM Sprockets A components awarded by …”

Foreword S. 1-4

„… Foreword Talking about the design of modern high-performance power train applications, one of the …” „… range of applications, from small to large gears, from slowly running to turbo gears, from metal to …” „… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017 1 direct application to machine elements at the present. Here, focused research is …”

N. Sagraloff, M. Hein, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Practical use of micropitting test results according to FVA 54/7 for calculation of micropitting load capacity acc. to ISO/TR 15144-1 S. 143-152

„… ] regarding the operating conditions in real application and using the VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017144 …” „… application and the test result can be used for the calculation of the micropitting load capacity of a given …” „… test are listed in Table 2. For certain applications and upon agreement between the partners, speed …”

T. Schöler, H. Binz, M. Bachmann Method for the pre-dimensioning of beveloid gears – Efficient design of main gearing data S. 565-578

„… a method to pre-dimension main beveloid gearing data based on application requirements was …” „… are used in different applications to transfer mechanical power between intersected or skewed axles …” „… example of this application would be in robotic drives [1]. Fig. 1: Beveloid gears in a double screw …”

J. J. Liou, S. Rakuff The development of worm drives S. 503-516

„… Vinci (1452-1519). Significant breakthroughs achieved for high speed applications in the 20th century …” „… applications where (1) noise is a concern, (2) space is limited, (3) absorption of shock loading is required …” „… shock or vibration, which is the typical case for many applications, the drive can be no-longer …”

M. Brumm, H. Müller Cyber physical gear production system – Vision of industry 4.0 gear production S. 1209-1218

„… critical applications. Electric driven cars are one of the most sensitive applications for gear noise. The …” „… is missing. But also e-bikes, trains etc. are noise critical applications. Fig. 6: Noise …” „… will become more important for gear applications If the gear process is simulated in the gear design …”

A. Şorea, F. Buus Bendixen Reluctance magnetic gear – Magnetic gears, no longer toothless S. 615-622

„… it expands the application range of gears in general. Compared to other magnetic gears, it provides …” „… very useful for applications such as pumps, mixers or vacuum pumps. No contact also translates to no …” „… Applications comparison The below Venn diagram (Fig. 5) shows what we believe are the different applications …”

K. Togai, N. Fujinaga A reduced order internal combustion engine model for transmission development S. 1191-1198

„… torque. Application to gear rattle sensitivity analysis will be illustrated. 2. Engine output …” „… torque control measures. For speed tracking application, e.g. emission test cycle simulation, sometimes …” „… ) Application to gear rattle simulation in time domain Gear rattle phenomena is nonlinear and gear rattle …”

B. Schlecht, F. Rudolph, S. Schumann Experimental studies and simulation of hypoid gear lapping S. 1403-1414

„… prediction of wear depth for different applications. In Archard’s theory, the tribological system consists …” „… asperities, the other a rigid plane. The application of a normal load and sliding motion to the contacting …” „… computing power prevents those methods from technical application, though. The simulation of abrasive …”

J. Cathelin, R. Janssen Material data for advanced plastic gear simulation S. 1553-1564

„… Material Data for Advanced Plastic Gear Simulation Julien Cathelin, Application Technology …” „… plastic materials for their gear applications. However, the task is not easy. There is no international …” „… applications like automotive, robotic, office machines, household, health care… The main drivers for their …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, J. Brimmers Potential of free flank modifications for beveloid gears S. 553-564

„… into the spotlight. Fig. 1 shows possible applications for beveloid gears. Beveloid gears are used for …” „… marine transmissions, for the application within four wheel drive vehicles and robot transmissions …” „… transmissions Fig. 1: Applications of Beveloid Gears Fig. 2 depicts the comparison of the contact pattern …”

M. Hein, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Test method for time-scaled fatigue tests of gear transmission systems S. 1073-1084

„… damage mechanism. Additionally a possible basic load spectrum for one application case is shown. This …” „… stage remains unchanged. For the applications investigated by FZG/Ziegler [13], a realistic truncation …” „… has already been successfully used for industrial applications like the automotive industry. In [4 …”

P. Wang, M. Yang, Y. Guan, Z. Yang, Q. Li Global synthesis of speed increasing spiral bevel and hypoid gears S. 433-434

„… Technology, Beijing, China Abastract The public experience for design, manufacturing and application of …” „… gears for speed increasing application will be provided. The meshing difference between speed reducing …”

M. Kanters, B. van Wissen, R. Nickel Relevant tribological testing method for high performance plastic gears S. 1507-1518

„… Electronics and Specialized Industry, as shown in Figure 1. One important application area for high …” „… tribological applications such as gears. DSM has a successful track record in automotive gear applications …” „… , especially with the Stanyl® portfolio. To be successful in such applications, fundamental knowledge in …”

S. Grützner Holistic simulation of gearboxes – system simulation S. 51-60

„… this and to improve, adjust or optimize gearboxes and their application. Introduction This paper …” „… examines three applications with gear drives: Noise development in a planetary gear system …” „… application helps us to analyze and to understand the complete system behavior. Several examples …”

A. L. Kapelevich, Y. V. Shekhtman Root fillet optimization of thin rim planet gears with asymmetric teeth S. 741-750

„… much greater than in the planet-ring gear mesh. The application of asymmetric tooth gears in an …” „… stress values for different bearing roller positions, load applications, and rim tooth thickness values …” „… application with a rim thickness that is less than 2.0 x module leads to a significant increase in planet …”

O. Berka, M. Dub, F. Lopot Experimental measurement of gears impact in transmission S. 1119-1126

„… on strain gauges application into the tooth heels (Figure 3). VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 20171120 …” „… applications as oil platform movement, wind power station, etc. The gearboxes are tested in special stands …” „… transmission design and its actual or following application using the demonstrative coefficient from respected …”

A. K. Shojaei, P. Volgers, M. Cassata Advanced modeling and experimental techniques for fatigue life prediction of plastic gears S. 1575-1582

„… industrial applications, e.g. electronic cars and bikes, has led to a rapid increase in plastic and hybrid …” „… metal/plastic gear applications. Most of to date modeling techniques have been developed for metal gears and …” „… applications, crack initiation is considered as the failure point for the component and the parts needs to be …”

M. W. Seidel, A. Zösch, K. Härtel Grinding burn inspection – tools for supervising and objectifying of the testing process S. 1003-1014

„… technical specification that describes the guidelines of the manufacture and the application of LASER …” „… of the application of these reference blocks shall be discussed. The first example concerns the …” „… (length 5700 µm; width 1000 µm; depth 145 µm) The next example concerns the application of an array …”

D. Krüger, E. Leidich, I. Römhild, R. Heß, H. Linke Geometry, pitting and tooth root capacity of asymmetric gears S. 751-768

„… Problem The involute tooth profile is widely used in gearboxes for powertrain applications. The main …” „… common gear design. In high speed applications, the tooth root capacity is often the limiting factor, in …” „… applications are transmit torque in one direction only or are having one primary direction of load. In such …”

A. Pogacnik, S. Beermann Measuring permissible root/flank stress of plastic gears according to the VDI 2736-4 S. 1541-1552

„… gears used in different applications is increasing every year, mostly due to their cost effectiveness …” „… into more demanding applications, where high transmittable torque at elevated temperatures is required …” „… allowable temperature range, plastic gears are finding their way also into more demanding applications …”

M. Kalin, A. Kupec Wear and Fatigue Behaviour of Polymer Gears under Controlled Temperature Conditions S. 1637-1648

„… greatly improved. 1. Introduction The use of plastic gears in tribological applications has …” „… various applications [1, 2]. The main advantages of plastic gears are their low weight, low price for …” „… . K.: Tribological Applications of Polymers and their Composites: Past, Present and Future Prospects …”

D. Ghribi, C. Peyrac, M. Octrue Shot peening of gear tooth flanks: Search for an optimal surface topography against the micropitting S. 153-162

„… combined surface treatments (case hardening and shot peening) for gear applications. These studies showed …” „… normal to the rolling direction to mimic real gear application. Fig. 1: Geometry of fatigue contact …” „… bending and contact fatigue behavior for gear applications”. ICSP9, 2004. [4] J-A. Brandao, J-H-O …”

M. Daffner, M. Otto, K. Stahl Elastic deformation of a hypoid gearbox – Measurements on a static test rig to validate the calculated elastic deformation behavior S. 683-694

„… measuring machine. The test gearbox is static and consists of a hypoid gearbox for automotive applications …” „… relative displacements with measurements. This procedure is widely used in practical applications [2 …” „… hypoid gearbox for automotive applications. For the calculation of the displacements, the housing and …”

R. Meissner, M. Liewald, T. Benkert, M. Hiller, W. Volk Multi-component gearwheels and their manufacturing processes S. 1299-1306

„… automotive applications are usually monolithic parts. Adapting the already known concept of multi-component …” „… gearwheels to those applications, allows to reduce the car’s weight. The presented multi-component …” „… applications. Manufacturing of the stapled sheet metal wheel body will be cheaper though, since there is no …”

K. Mao, V. Goodship, N. Madhav, R. Ramakrishnan, P. Langlois Experimental Investigations of Polymer Composite Gear Performance S. 1625-1636

„… applications with unique advantages over metal gears including their low cost and low weight. Currently …” „… , polymer composite gears are considered for applications from low-power precision motion to high power …” „… existing gear surface temperature predictions require further study to be used for practical applications …”

I. Atanasovska, H. Abderazek Comparative analysis of few new procedures for spur gears tooth profile optimization with different methods and aspects S. 1169-1176

„… procedures. The application of developed optimization procedures on a particular gear pair series is used …” „… application fields for each of the procedures. 1. Introduction The optimization of tooth profile preoccupies …” „… methods are appropriate for practical application. The particular advantages of first two procedures are …”

M. Schwenk, J. Hoffmeister, J. Hermes Prediction of local load carrying capacity for gears – a materials science approach S. 989-1002

„… application of local fatigue concepts. The first part of the paper gives an introduction to Finite Difference …” „… , also their application during series production can be of great value. This requires fast and reliable …” „… Iron and Steel Institute, 1972, p. 777-784 [9] Edenhofer, B.: Technology, advantages and applications …”

C. Gosselin, E. Fritz, L. Seiler CnC manufacturing of circular faced cylindrical gears S. 1343-1352

„… lubrication. An application demonstrates actual Spurved gear sets cut on a CnC machine using standard Face …” „… making them interesting for certain parallel shaft applications where increased tooth bending stiffness …” „… to guarantee relief at contact entry and exit. An application example shows the excellent agreement …”

B. Zhmud, J. Blomkvist, M. Fallström An advanced thermal processing & coating process for enhancing gear tribology S. 1451-1462

„… performance-critical applications such as motor racing. In the present communication, we present a new technology …” „… , etc. - can be used to target VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017 1451 specific applications requirements …” „… , nitrided gears are not uncommon in performance critical applications when component endurance is sought to …”

B. Kianian, C. Andersson Sustainability-conscious Powder Metallurgy gear manufacturing – An analysis of current manufacturing challenges S. 1251-1264

„… penetrate and obtain the automotive industry market and its applications with PM gears, over last 10 years …” „… the PM gear performance shows high resistance level match for high standard gear applications …” „… disseminated. Some of these benefits such as investment cost savings and applications’ customized raw material …”

J. Neufond, Y. Xu, J. Perret-Liaudet, E. Rigaud The iterative spectral method for computing the planetary gear dynamic response S. 209-218

„… very popular as for example in the case of wind turbine applications, home automation ones and …” „… obtained by RK4 scheme. Parameters of the geared system for the application are given in table 1. We also …” „… N/μm 20 μm 2 μm Notice that for this first application, the excitations are identical on each planet …”

F. Concli, C. Gorla Numerical modeling of the churning power losses of gears: an innovative 3D computational tool suitable for planetary gearbox simulation S. 881-892

„… software, the techniques that have been developed by the authors for the specific application of gears and …” „… the application to real complex gearboxes. In order to show the capabilities of this new strategy, a …” „… computational domain 3. Application The simulation tool was implemented in the OpenFOAM® environment [23 …”

M. Ophey, F. Klocke, C. Löpenhaus Approach for modeling grinding worm wear S. 1365-1378

„… Aachen Abstract Despite the wide industrial application of generating gear grinding, the process …” „… generating gear grinding. On the other hand the application of the most promising approach on existing tool …” „… the average grain diameter according to FEPA. Empirical Database For the application of the …”

H. Hansson, H. Alm, A. Eng, M. Olsson Beveloid gears in planetary gear trains for increased Grundström, power density and reduced backlash Stensson, S. 579-590

„… very attractive in many applications, e.g. in gear boxes used for robotics. By using preloaded …” „… applications. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017 579 Planetary gear trains with beveloid gears are also possible to …” „… ]. This is advantageous in many applications such as robotics and solar power plants. Initial …”

B. Guilbert, P. Cutuli, P. Velex Hybrid dynamic model of hollow thin-rimmed gears S. 623-634

„… thin-rimmed applications with holes. This model is then condensed so that the only remaining …” „… – application on thin-rimmed gears, Journal of Mechanical design, 129:184-194, 2007, DOI:10.1115/1.2406088. [8 …” „… dynamic models – Applications to thinrimmed geared systems, Journal of Mechanical Design, dec. 2016 …”

A. von Freyberg, A. Fischer Automatic geometry segmentation of involute flank regions S. 1015-1024

„… demand for several applications. A novel approach for the estimation of unknown geometric gear …” „… . The application for a planar linecircle-line profile is presented in [14]. A 3D application to …”

D. Strasser, S. Troll, R. Sperlich, J. Münch Reliability safeguarding for an 8 MW wind energy gearbox in serial production – Prototype and process development ensuring stable quality at the highest level S. 1085-1100

„… Abstract Gearboxes for a multi megawatt offshore application require highest reliability. The reliability …” „… gearbox has been supplied successfully in May 2017. ZF uses the Differential Gearbox for this application …” „… . VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 20171098 5. Summary/Outlook The offshore application requires highest reliability to …”

B. Sievers, M. Berger, J. Hermes Technical guideline for the quality determination of bronze S. 479-490

„… ] investigated the pitting resistance of bronze materials under application-like conditions. Compared to the …” „… . 5.2 Application of the Guideline to Sample Materials The quality parameters defined in this guideline …” „… . Very likely they are also appropriate when the material is used in other applications, although this …”

J. Lohmiller, J. Hoffmeister, J. Hermes, M. Ansorg, H. Dhonau Development and investigation of austempered ductile iron (ADI) for thick-walled gear components S. 963-976

„… Planetary gear boxes are widely used in industrial applications due to their high power density. Especially …” „… for heavy industrial applications with low rotational frequency but very high output torque in …” „… defined by the number of planets sharing the load. Possible applications are in drive units, e.g. for …”

C. Gorla, E. Conrado, F. Rosa, F. Concli Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) for gears: manufacturing, performances and tests S. 977-988

„… the application to a family of small gearboxes for automation. Due to the limited experience and data …” „… pair wheel - 1.024 Application Factor - 1.000 Dynamic Factor - 1.060 1.057 1.054 Face Load Factor …” „… the specific application. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017986 5. Acknowledgements The authors would …”

P. Norgauer, W. Sigmund, D. Kadach, K. Stahl Comprehensive simulation methods for crossed helical gear sets with the main focus on the calculation of contact patterns S. 353-362

„… characterized by point contact. Typical applications of this gear type are actuators, e.g. in automobiles or …” „… crossed helical gears. Crossed helical gears are characterized by point contact. Typical applications of …” „… .: Generalized concept of meshing and contact of involute crossed helical gears and its application. Computer …”

V. Angelopoulos, M. Hirsch PM gear rolling simulations using advanced plasticity material model and improved initial conditions S. 1277-1288

„… manufacturing components in many applications. The reason is the high productivity of geometrically complex …” „… attractive. Moreover, PM gears have been produced for many years and for different applications. Even though …” „… applications without the extra last step of hard finishing. This step can be skipped if a good surface can be …”

T. Jurkschat, T. Lohner, K. Stahl Improved calculation method for load-dependent gear losses S. 893-904

„… practical applications, generally helical gears for improved NVH (Noise-Vibration-Harshness) behavior and …” „… calculated for various operating conditions of gears in practical applications. μ 1 ∙ μ ∙ μ (7) The solid …” „… , helical gears with flank modifications are used in practical applications. The local load distribution …”

L. Gondecki, M. Weibring, P. Tenberge Simulation and test method for the lubricant’s influence on the wear and fatigue mechanisms on tooth flanks S. 29-40

„… several investigations of gearboxes in different applications, a limiting criterion is stated …” „… . Nevertheless, in several industrial applications, gearboxes are operated under conditions in which the specific …” „… progress in a certain application is possible. 2. Wear and fatigue model of the tooth flank surface The …”

M. F. Stangl, U. Kissling, A. Pogacnik A procedure to find best fitting dresser with grinding worm for a new design S. 1307-1318

„… application. When this is completed, the engineer uses the new software module, which searches through the …” „… design is still acceptable for the desired application. 7. Conclusions In mass production of heat …”

E. Böyükbaş, H. J. Stadtfeld Surface structure shift for ground bevel gears S. 1391-1402

„… known in grinding and has led in many cylindrical gear applications to an additional finishing …” „… surface started with the application of Waguri in generating grinding. Low Waguri RPMs caused very large …”

E. Maier, A. Ziegltrum, T. Lohner, K. Stahl Characterization of TEHL contacts of thermoplastic gears S. 1483-1496

„… detrimental accumulation of contact heat limit its applications to lowly loaded machine elements. Lubrication …” „… thermal and mechanical properties limit its applications to low-load motion transmissions. Research has …” „… focused on unlubricated applications in which detrimental frictional heat is generated that leads to …”

A. K. Shojaei, P. Volgers An improved lifetime prediction technique for plastic gears through finite element analysis and continuum damage mechanics S. 1109-1112

„… prediction methods. 1. Introduction In most of metal applications, crack initiation is considered as the …”

Y. Shen, S. Rinderknecht, M. Hoppert General modelling method of power losses in transmission with parameter identification S. 905-916

„… application of dimensional analysis to helical gears. The dimensionless churning torque is expressed in …” „… , Carlos MCG, et al. "Gearbox power loss. Part III: Application to a parallel axis and a planetary gearbox …”

B. Kohn, T. Utakapan, M. Fromberger, M. Otto, K. Stahl Flank modifications for optimal excitation behaviour S. 1319-1330

„… first mesh order is undesirably high over a broad load range. In most applications with non-stationary …” „… practical applications. For meshes that show less variation of TE than mesh B, it is even more demanding or …”

L. Liu Tooth contact analysis of a new type of face gear drive S. 457-466

„… : Application of face gear drives in helicopter transmissions. Transaction of the ASME, Journal of Mechanical …” „… . 250-270 [7] Zanzi, C., Pedrero, J. I. : Application of modified geometry of face gear drive. Computer …”

G. Hlebanja, S. Kulovec, D. Zorko, J. Hlebanja, J. Duhovnik Influence of the tooth flank shape on thermal load of the gear S. 1583-1592

„… materials, which then exhibit less deformation, consequently less internal friction in dynamic applications …” „… towards use in miniature mechatronic applications. The 7th Int. Sci. Conf. Research and Development of …”

W. Wang, L. Han, Q. Yan, C. Xiang, Y. Li Research on the dynamic power split characteristics and the electric power coordinated control for a hybrid transmission system S. 131-142

„… reduces the power requirement for the motor. Therefore, it has a good application prospects. For …” „… single-shaft parallel hybrid powertrain. IET Control Theory Application, 2015, Vol. 9(2): 270-282. [6 …”

C. Weber, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Investigation on the flank surface durability of gears with increased pressure angle S. 173-184

„… hobbing tools the broad application of this toothing is due to its uniform transmission of motion. This …” „… application of special involute gears with an increased pressure angle in industrially running transmissions …”

P. Garambois, E. Rigaud, J. Perret-Liaudet Robust optimization of gear macro and micro-geometries in order to minimize static transmission error and gear stiffness fluctuations S. 927-938

„… in the sense of at least one of the objectives. 5. Application An application example is briefly …”

R. Nemoto, E. Tamura, N. Seyama, E. Tanaka Friction loss and surface durability of WN gears – A Comparison with involute gears S. 1133-1138

„… . Moreover, there are several disadvantages of the application. The contact stress between the tooth …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, M. Schroers, T. Frech, P. Scholzen Optimization of NVH behavior of gears by alternative gear materials S. 539-552

„… differently depending on the application. With focus on the excitation behavior, a lower stiffness of the …” „… The comparison of the reference and the ADI II variant shows that the application of the method for …”

S.-J. Tsai, L.-C. Chang, C.-H. Huang Design of cycloid planetary gear drives with tooth number difference of two – a comparative study on contact characteristics and load analysis S. 61-74

„… often used in the conventional application. The gear drives with TND of two ( z=2) are often applied in …” „… theoretical cycloid profile is not applied in practical application due to consideration of backlash, the …”

A. Mihailidis, G. Korbetis, N. Drivakos, I. Nerantzis Finite element method based analysis of planetary gear systems considering backlash and manufacturing deviations S. 75-82

„… . However, the model was 2dimensional. This is an important drawback, since it restricts its application to …”

E. Tanaka, H.-C. Lin Gear diagnostic system using zonal laser beam for practical use S. 845-856

„… (Application to a Helical and/or Profile Shifted Gear), Transactions of the JSME, Vol. 79, No. 803, (2013), pp …”

A. Furtmann, G. Poll Electrical stress and parasitic currents in machine elements of drive trains with voltage source inverters S. 109-118

„… converter-fed electric motors,” in 2015 17th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'15 …”

D. Liang, B. Chen, R. Tan, C. Li Tooth profiles design and stress analysis of double helical gear transmissions with geometric elements constructed tooth pairs S. 411-420

„… ] Rulong, T., Bingkui, C., Changyan, P., et al.: Study on spatial curve meshing and its application for …”

T. Aoyama, H. Inokura, Y. Shibata Prediction of plastic deformation in hypoid gears S. 669-682

„… Normal Loads on an Elastic Solid With Application to Some Contact Stress Problems”, Trans. ASME, J. Appl …”

L. Geng, N. Mimi, L. Lan, Z. Ying, W. Liyan Mesh stiffness of cylindrical gear including tooth surface – Friction based on FEA method S. 807-814

„… stiffness of cylindrical gears. The application of substructure in FE model and the decoupling of load and …”

K. Tsujii, R. Ishikura, K. Inoue, Y. Tanaka, T. Morita Effect of alloying elements on edge part over-carburizing in vacuum carburizing S. 1415-1426

„… application. [REFERENCE] [1] M. Sugiyama: Netsu Shori, 37 (1997), p.154. [2] T. Machi: Netsu Shori …”

Y. Cai, L. Yao, Z. Xie, J. Zhang, C. Peng Influence analysis of system parameters on characteristics of the nutation drive with double circular arc spiral bevel gears S. 435-446

„… transmission system have important guiding significance in the design, manufacture and application of …”

B. Černe, D. Zorko, J. Duhovnik Semi-analytical method for the prediction of the flank temperatures of polymer gears during running S. 1611-1624

„… initial ramping step for gradual load application, while a rotating movement of the driver gear was …”

L. J. Stocco, R. Gloeckner Smashing the efficiency barrier – A practical comparison of planetary and orbitless gear-heads S. 319-330

„… , 2012, Gears and Gear Drives, Wiley. [2] P. Lynwander, 1983, Gear Drive Systems Design and Application …”

R. Müller, L. Schirmer New tolerance concepts for the realization of steel-only worm gears S. 467-478

„… the tolerance management, it is to say that the application and combination of different methods of …”

L. Zhao, R. C. Frazer, B. A. Shaw The influence of overlap ratio on transmission error in parallel axis gears S. 939-952

„… many applications ranging from automotive, power generation, marine, defence, aerospace. The …”

U. Kissling, M. Stangl The documentation of gearbox reliability – an upcoming demand S. 1051-1062

„… application rules – higher than 1. Basically, for all other machine elements as shafts, bolts, housings …”

I. Moriwaki, R. Kikuchi, D. Iba, M. Nakamura, M. Nagatsuka Contact pattern control with simple cutter motion in face-milling of zerol bevel gears using 5-axis machine S. 1379-1390

„… tooth surfaces by application of 5-axis CNC machine tool. The International Journal of Advanced …”

C. Hasl, P. Oster, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Bending strength of oil-lubricated cylindrical plastic gears – Modified bending strength calculation based on VDI 2736 S. 1649-1660

„… applications, an extension of the empirical equation according to Fürstenberger [5] is proposed in [10] to …”

T. Frech, C. Löpenhaus, F. Klocke Influence of the contact conditions in cold rolling on the density profile of powder metallurgical (PM) gears S. 1265-1276

„… < ρ0 < 7.2 g/cm3. Since the highest bulk density is most relevant for highly loaded applications such …”

M. Shuai, M. Shuai, J. Guoguang, Z. Yidu, L. Chao, H. Haruo Research on multiple-split load sharing characteristics of 2-stage external meshing star gearing system S. 769-782

„… , 2008, 130(4): 041701-1-9． [11] Singh A．Application of a system level model to study the planetary …”

M. Baar, P. Oster, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Theoretical investigations of the load distribution of small sized crown gear sets different material pairings S. 1593-1610

„… (minimum grease application at the beginning) and the conditions without lubrication show higher rates …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, J. Pollaschek Influence of surface layer properties on tooth root bending strength of cylindrical gears S. 421-432

„… the model understanding and expand its area of application. The aim of this report is to determine …”

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D. Díez Álvarez, U. Berger AIQIIA: General AI Quality Inspector for Industrial Applications S. 491-504

„… AIQIIA: General AI Quality Inspector for Industrial Applications M.Sc. D. Díez Álvarez …” „… transformations at high-level features, what has turned them into SoA NN for image processing and CV applications …” „… iteration. Our second dataset corresponds to a similar application of welded nuts but the nut itself and …”

A. Karaagac, J. O. Schmitt, D. O. Schulz Bridging the Gap in Digital Systems using Automated Model Transformation Concepts S. 169-182

„… be performed once per application/solution. Then this Demand will be processed by an intermediate …” „… data models, thus the application development processes rely on the manual integration of different …” „… translation and integration effort of system experts and application engineers, it becomes difficult and …”

S. Grüner, M. Hoernicke, A. Kehl, C. Barth, M. Freund, M. Hoffmeister, T. Klausmann Integration von Module Type Package und Industrie 4.0 Verwaltungsschale S. 421-432

„… example, a plantor even application-specific OPC UA communication endpoint of the PEA can be exported …” „… mime type to make it uniquely identifiable by AAS consuming application. The InstanceAAS contains a …” „… values are read from the runtime OPC UA server. This simple application illustrates the combination of …”

D. Persson, J. Pohl, A. Rieder Increased reliability and safety in Coriolis flowmeter operation by monitoring its physical response to process conditions S. 737-750

„… reducing operational expenses by providing insights on the application and device performance, thus …” „… choice for numerous industries and applications since they measure mass flow with an unmatched accuracy …” „… has a HBSI value of 0% at reference conditions. For most applications, the device will not be exposed …”

L. Underberg, S. Willmann, S. Kerschbaum , S. Höme Estimation of 5G Cell Capacity in Industrial Environments S. 141-154

„… to its deployment from an industrial application's perspective is currently challenging due to a …” „… communication technology serving an industrial application at choice. Consequently, it is an important step …” „… applications are currently undergoing a paradigm change from mass production of only slightly different goods …”

T. Zeun, A. Frotzscher, A. Nicklas, E. Schmitt, D. Schulze-Zipper, H. Zipper Selbstorganisation und Co-Management verteilter Automatisierungssysteme mit dem Kommunikationssystem S. 751-762

„… collaboration together with a co-management between the distributed application and the communication system …” „… in use in the industry in several business-critical applications. Automotive manufacturers use …” „… co-management of the communication network and distributed control application: The management units of both …”

D. Patel, A. Hoell, T. Schildknecht, E. Eberhardt, V. Seelman, P. Becker, M. Stumpert A look inside functional safety over 5G S. 155-168

„… the shop floor and new manufacturing applications are foreseen by VDI-Berichte Nr. 2392, 2021 155 …” „… for the functional safety applications. With adoption of the 5G being foreseen in smart manufacturing …” „… the functional safety application. To protect people and environment in the production facilities …”

V. Gowtham, A. Willner, W. Pilar von Pilchau, J. Hähner, M. Riedl, N.-S. Koutrakis, J. Polte, E. Uhlmann, J. Tayub, V. Frey A Reference Architecture enabling Sensor Networks based on homogeneous AASs S. 5-16

„… , for example machine tools, and the application of process knowledge. It intends to automate such …” „… abstract manner, so that it is transferable to other applications. In this part we explain the ideas of a …” „… of DT and its applications open several research opportunities [13]. The importance of data provided …”

N. Schoch, J. Schlake, S. Grüner, J. Heuschkel Orchestration of Co-Simulations with FMU Integration as a Service S. 447-460

„… calibrate the drive dimension in the drive simulation, and application experts can run the master …” „… application simulation. To summarize, our prototype implementation demonstrates the easy access, manipulation …” „… dealing with multi-scale problems and problems from different application domains, these are typically …”

S. Merkelbach, L. Urbas, J. Gatter, R. Tan, M. Gärtler, R. Gedda, F. D. Bähner Automatic Detection of Start and End Times of Batch Phases for the Process Industry S. 477-490

„… ]. Automation is desirable, and solutions exist for specific applications, for example, for the classification …” „… bear the potential to support this task. However, there exist several challenges for the application of …” „… good results in similar applications. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2392, 2021 479 Specific focus is put on showing …”

S. Janzen, N. Öksüz, J. Sporkmann, M. Schlappa, J. Gerhard, L. Ortjohann, P. A. Becker Smart Resilience Services for Industrial Production S. 621-636

„… we hope to further accelerate the proliferation of SRS in real-world applications. In this paper …” „… , we refer to SRS as an adaptive IT application for a more proactive, data-driven approach to …” „… respect to the daily business of experts. Results of interviews showed application opportunities of SRS …”

J. Ulmer, S. Braun, J. Wollert Adaptive VR-Produktionsumgebungen für Evaluations- und Schulungstätigkeiten S. 55-64

„… . Hao, A.: Applications of virtual reality in maintenance during the industrial product lifecycle: A …” „… ., Guizzi, G., Revetria, R. u. Tonelli, F.: Augmented and virtual reality applications in industrial …” „… applications in health, safety, ergonomics and risk management. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Bd. 11581 …”

D. Göllner, T. Klausmann, M. Kiele-Dunsche, H. Stichweh Creation and Usage of Digital Twins in the Life Cycle of an Automation Solution S. 75-86

„… metamodel and standardized Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) to enable machine to machine …” „… robotic arm in a sorting cell) changes while executing a pick-and-place application. The machine state is …” „… reflected by continuously synchronizing the AAS. For the synchronization, a proxy application is used to …”

C. Siegwart, F. Scherhag, K. Pervölz, G. Frey Ontologiebasiertes Security Management S. 365-376

„… specification). Um ein Wissensmodell für eine bestimmte Anwendung (Application ontology) zu erstellen, müssen …” „… , S., Lambrinoudakis, C. u. Gritzalis, S.: An ontology for secure e-government applications …” „… Advanced Information Networking and Applications. 18 - 20 April 2006, Vienna, Austria. Los Alamitos, Calif …”

D. Braun, M. Weyrich, W. Schlögl Eine Methodik zur Erstellung multi-dimensionaler Modelle des Digitalen Zwillings für automatisierte Produktionssysteme S. 29-42

„… most common field of application. Digitale Zwillinge in der Fertigungsautomatisierung …” „… , Systems engineering: Fundamentals and applications. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. [2] B …” „… modeling methods and tools: a survey,” Computer-Aided Design and Applications, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 443–464 …”

F. Hilbert, S. Soler Perez Olaya Flexible Industrie 4.0 Verwaltungsschale für dynamische IIoT-Systeme – Zeitreihen in der Verwaltungsschale S. 87-100

„… of IoT application layer protocols through a smart parking implementation. In 2017 20th Conference …” „… application in the industrial internet and industrie 4.0. Plattform Industrie, 4 …” „… ., https://www.iiconsortium.org/pdf/Digital-Twin-and-Asset-Administration-Shell-Concepts-and-Application- Joint-Whitepaper.pdf (Abruf am 3.5.2021). [15] Bedenbender, H., Bock, J., & Boss, B. (2019 …”

S. Kamm, N. Jazdi, M. Weyrich Automatisierte Datenintegration für den Fehleranalyseprozess von Halbleiterbauelementen mithilfe von Ontologien und Graphen S. 585-598

„… “An analysis of ontologies and their success factors for application to business,” Data & Knowledge …” „… Systems: Application in the Manufacturing Domain,” IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and …” „… Driven Approach,” in Data Science-Analytics and Applications: Springer, 2017, pp. 97–102. [24] A …”

M. Risser, A. Ziegler, P. Salzmann, M. Roser Ethernet-APL für hochverfügbare Sicherheitsanwendungen – Vorteile für den Lebenszyklus von Prozessanlagen S. 209-220

„… , aufgerufen am 19.04.2021 [3] Ethernet-APL in the Field for high-availability Safety Applications …” „… : https://www.slideshare.net/basf/ethernetapl-in-the-field-for-highavailability-safety-applications, aufgerufen am 23.04.2021 [4] NE 107: Selbstüberwachung und Diagnose von Feldgeräten [5] NE 43 …”

J. Fischer, R. Rosen, F. G. Listl, A. Sohr, J. C. Wehrstedt Assistenzsysteme der nächsten Generation für Produktionssysteme S. 461-476

„… systems and the application part with user-specific interaction options. The approach is illustrated …” „… , 2021). [20] F. T. Hecker u. a., „Application of a modified GA, ACO and a random search procedure to …” „… solve the production scheduling of a case study bakery“, Expert Systems with Applications., S. 5882–5891 …”

N. Maisch, M. Both, J. Müller Interoperable Interaktionen semantisch heterogener Industrie 4.0 Komponenten auf Basis einer Capability Ontologie für die Technische Gebäudeausrüstung S. 691-704

„… referenziert werden. Mit der Smart Applications REFerence Ontology (SAREF) [24] können Assets innerhalb von …” „… Portable Building Applications. Technical Report No. UCB/EECS 2019-106 (2019) VDI-Berichte Nr. 2392 …”

I. Amihai, R. Gitzel, A. Boyaci Compression and Fault Diagnosis of High Frequency Sensor Data S. 545-556

„… applications . Dimensionality reduction (DR) can facilitate classification, visualization, and compression of …” „… learning applications, particularly when there are relatively few examples available. Specifically, we …”

P. Sehr, N. Moriz Zustandsüberwachung und Klassifizierung manueller Montageprozesse mit selbstadaptiven Modellen S. 557-570

„… Applications, 2006 IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Control (pp. 1861-1866). IEEE. [15] A …” „… & F. S. Fogliatto (2011). Learning curve models and applications: Literature review and research …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… , Bayer AG Leverkusen AIQIIA: General AI Quality Inspector for Industrial Applications …”

L. Wulff, M. Brand, T. Schüppstuhl Augmented Reality für hybride Programmierung von Industrierobotern S. 43-54

„… applications in manufacturing: a survey. International Journal of Production Research 46 (2008) 10, S …”

B. Schulte, H. Fast, H. Flatt Lokalisierung von intelligenten Werkstückträgern innerhalb einer vollautomatisierten Fertigungsanlage mittels Bluetooth 5.1 S. 535-544

„… , L., Milovanovic, B., Zwick, T. (2012): Application of atrifical neural networfs for efficient …”

A. Jebari, H. Mettler Integriertes Vorgehensmodell für die Planung und Realisierung von modularen Plug & Produce Systemen in der Pharmaproduktion S. 293-304

„… application and integration of flexible and modular automation and IT components. The paper shows a model …”

C. Diedrich, A. Belyaev, T. Schröder, C. Urban, T. Werner, H. Pakala Modell einer Pick & Place-Anlage basierend auf Verwaltungsschalen S. 65-74

„… via Application Programming Interfaces0 (Version 1.0RC01). November 2020. [3] Bundesministerium für …”

G. Persico, A. Fischer, M. Riedl, D. Tran Plattform zur Untersuchung industrieller Funkkommunikation für die Intralogistik S. 197-208

„… technologies such as 5G and WiFi 6 promise dependable communication for industrial control applications …”

L. Hundt, M. Wiegand, A. Lüder, T. Meyer Das AutomationML Komponentenmodell S. 433-446

„… /Navigation/EN/InPractice/Online-Library/online-library.html. [4] AutomationML association: Application Recommendation - Asset Administration Shell …”

N. Franchi, P. Schulz, G. Fettweis, A. Weinand, D. Lindenschmitt, H. Schotten, N. Bulk, F. Bittner, A. Dekorsy, L. Underberg, L. Rauchhaupt Das Industrial Radio Lab Germany – Vier Standorte, eine Mission S. 183-196

„… Generation Networks and Applications (NGNA 2020), 2020. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2392, 2021 195 VDI-Berichte Nr …”

E.-M. Neumann, B. Vogel-Heuser, J. Fischer, P. Puntel Schmidt, M. Witte, N. Langer, L. Becerril, M. Bengel Refaktorisierung von Steuerungssoftware cyber-physischer Produktionssysteme – Potentiale und Nutzen S. 679-690

„… . Eppinger and T. R. Browning, Design structure matrix methods and applications. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press …”

M. Thies, T. Miny, T. Kleinert Ein Konzept für Produkt-Verwaltungsschalen zur Produktbezogenen Integration von Produktionsdaten für die Qualitätsoptimierung S. 405-420

„… 13218-019-00589-y. [12] C. Cimino, E. Negri, und L. Fumagalli, „Review of digital twin applications in …”

C. Härle, M. Barth, A. Fay Betriebsparallele Adaption einer Co-Simulation für diskrete Fertigungsanlagen S. 517-534

„… Integrated Production Optimization Tool Application,“ in Offshore Mediterranean Conference and Exhibition …”

N. Öksüz, S. Bouschery, M. Schlappa, J. Sporkmann, M. Unterberg Towards an Artificial Intelligence based Approach for Manufacturing Resilience S. 649-664

„… silos from dis- VDI-Berichte Nr. 2392, 2021658 parate applications [36]. Furthermore, studies have shown …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023921

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Plastics in Automotive Engineering 2017

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Plastics in Automotive Engineering 2017

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 4348 2017

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G. Huber Tinuvin® 880 – novel light stabilizer for automotive interior applications S. 161-164

„… Tinuvin® 880 – novel light stabilizer for automotive interior applications Introduction of a …” „… new light stabilizer for PP/TPO for automotive interior applications, enabling improved secondary …” „… today’s car), the selection of the appropriate light stabilizer package for interior applications has to …”

G. Kopp, O. Deißer, A. Müller, S. Beyer Innovative plastic applications for a small urban bus concept S. 317-318

„… Innovative plastic applications for a small urban bus concept G. Kopp, O. Deißer, DLR …” „… lightweighting potentials of selected modes of construction which include different polymer applications and …”

R. Apfelbeck, S. Müller Application of organo-sheets in underbody components: cost- and weight-optimized off-road package S. 245-256

„… Application of organo-sheets in underbody components: cost- and weight-optimized off-road package …” „… in lightweight applications. Figure 4: Structure of an underbody for bad-road countries This …”

P. Hörmann, K. Bornemann, F. Flueggen, H. Herten, V. Hohm, T. Ströhlein Lightweight design at Volkswagen S. 203-214

„… application of thermoset pultrusion for a cost-effective production with high-volume capability of …” „… sill tube for a series application. 1. Introduction Lightweight construction is made possible by …” „… disadvantages of fiber-reinforced plastics (FRP) are known in the context of an application in automotive …”

A. Hoffmann It doesn't get greener than this! – Sustainable, economical, safe: engineering recyclates for the automotive industry S. 157-160

„… fuels has paved the way for lightweight plastics in many automotive applications. If this green approach …” „… lifetime of an automobile. 1. Areas of application and limits Again and again negative attitudes are …” „… formulations have come onto the market for different applications, such as electronics boxes, roof control …”

W. Schijve, G. Francato, R. Yaldiz True confidence in thermoplastic composite simulations for any automotive component S. 299-312

„… of constant thickness as being the most suitable for automotive applications, since UD layer …” „… by weight. In addition, molding and application development support can be provided, which includes …” „… fabricbased materials are also evaluated, which may involve specific applications not discussed here …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… with plastic composites, natural fiber applications, overmolded and inmold film laminated parts, LED …” „… Tinuvin® 880 – novel light stabilizer for automotive interior applications Dipl.-Ing. G. Huber, BASF …” „… , AKRO PLASTIC GmbH Niederzissen 241 Plenary Session Application of organo-sheets in underbody components …”

A. Povinelli, M. Matthews, J. J. Laux, J. Goetzelmann Active aerodynamic advancements in vehicle underbodies S. 101-108

„… aero applications that will be implemented around the entire vehicle in an effort to find every …” „… application of active aero technology and can now be found on many cars and trucks in production worldwide …” „… market, allowing OEMs to source a complete solution. 7. Considerations for application As the …”

C. Bauernfeind, E. Blees Lightweight material with class – Rear apron made of extremely low density polyurethane S. 93-100

„… the first time worldwide in a series application is characterized by an extremely low density …” „… range of hollow glass spheres for use in different applications. In the meantime the range covers mean …” „… nominal densities from 0.125 to 0.60 g/cm³.To expand its range of applications, product variants with …”

R. Korn, T. Reußmann 3-D direct deposition of reinforcement fibers in the fiber blowing process – State of the art in natural fiber processing S. 145-156

„… on the intended application and the part numbers required sliding-table machines (for low …” „… production series and on pilot plant scale) rotary-table machines (for series applications) can be used …” „… . 147 Application of the fiber-blowing process to the production of composites On the basis of the …”

J. Reddemann, H. Seifert Energy-efficient production of thermoplastic CFRP parts by one-step direct processing S. 135-144

„… plastics have so far in the automotive industry been used mainly in areas of application involving small …” „… of design coupled with high specific strength and stiffness values. Depending on the application …” „… the application of current, the carbon fibers which are not connected to the current remain …”

E. Spini, A. Bernasconi A demonstrator for the experimental assessment of the through-process modeling of injection-molded parts made of short-fiber-reinforced polymers S. 179-190

„… particular), there are currently numerous mature applications where the replacement rate has reached 80% to …” „… . There are yet more applications which are being studied and for which hybrid solutions have been …” „… computation of properties as a function of the fiber orientation distribution. Examples of the application of …”

P. Gamonal-Repiso, J.M. del-Mazo, M. Sánchez-Soto Surface quality: improving the quality perception of molded parts S. 191-202

„… automotive interior applications produced by BASELL S.L (Tarragona, Spain) and denoted HC TKC 2007 N. The …” „… , from the point of view of automotive applications, are shown in Table 4. Sa Sq Sz A B C A …” „… standardized procedure in the sampling conditions for textured surfaces in automotive applications. 200 …”

G. Prautzsch, T. Stier, T. Coeln Electrochemical corrosion and its prevention with polyamides S. 241-244

„… today. Many applications in the automobile are exposed to harsh environmental conditions. Nowadays …” „… color fidelity and the best service life, depending on the application. Manufacturers of electrical …”

G. Kalkoffen Lightweighting with carbon: lighter and cheaper than steel – Holistic consideration of the lightweighting potential and process costs of CFRP S. 261-262

„… high-priced applications. If there are however certain degrees of freedom such that material properties and …”

S. Schmeer, D. Scheliga Industry-driven initiative to standardize continuous-fiber-reinforced thermoplastics for use in the automotive industry S. 321-322

„… , latitude and room for interpretation are frequently left open in the details of the application …”

M. Steinbach, J. Maier Methodological further development of weight reduction in vehicle interior trim parts – Current and future opportunities from an automaker's perspective S. 21-34

„… term, such as the further development of thin-wall injection molding not only by the application of …” „… distinction is drawn between whether the surface should be improved by application of a paint or by the use …” „… example, be the case with a natural-fiber application if surface films were to be selected which, due to …”

J. Guenther, D. Malecha, J. Reinicke New surfaces and difficulties in applying existing test methods S. 45-56

„… time required for the PUR system, the finished part can be demolded. 1.4 Areas of application for …” „… in-mold painting One area of application for the PUR materials is the automotive sector. Polyurethanes …” „… / squareness of cuts - Adhesive strength of the adhesive tape - Application and tearing off of the adhesive …”

M. Franzen, G. Oberhofer, R. Schwarzer Improved crash simulation of endless-fiber-reinforced thermoplastics – organic sheets S. 109-120

„… continuous-fiber-reinforced polymers which are relevant to crash applications: Visco-elastic behavior (simplified …” „… loaded plastic parts in interior applications Aachener Kolloquium 'Fahrzeug- und Motorentechnik’ ; 8 …”

M. Bakkal, O. Otuz, S. Doğru A new analytical calculation method for the injectionmolding process of a composite luggage rack holder S. 279-298

„… properties they are used in a variety of applications in the automotive industry. As the importance of the …” „… given to regions where the weld line occurs, especially in the case of applications in which part …” „… ., Fundamentals of Composites Manufacturing - Materials, Methods, and Applications, 2nd ed., SME, 2008 6 …”

D. Häffelin Innovative processing of thermoplastic composites for the Porsche Panamera brake pedal – Continuous-fiber technology for safety components in the vehicle S. 121-134

„… process, and reveals current process research on series application. 1. Introduction Generally …” „… potential application for the continuous-fiber materials. Furthermore, the layered structure of the …”

R. Kurz, S. Hobelsberger, H. Auer Sewn-covering lamination for the instrument panel: from the discontinuous to the continuous process S. 13-20

„… coverings, the injection-molding process for the carrier, and the application of adhesive. References …”

J. Götzelmann Bumper in thin-wall technology: an update regarding materials, processes, and technology innovations S. 75-90

„… application technology with process-reliable painting and welding methods. In addition, system suppliers …”

A. Liebsch, R. Kupfer, M. Gude, P. Müller, N. Andricevic Hollow profiles, organo-sheets and LFRT node structures: hybrid components made of fiber-reinforced plastics for automotive serial production S. 215-226

„… only simple under- 217 cuts, application-oriented complex geometries will require alternative …”

J. Gómez-Monterde, J. Hain, M. Ll. Maspoch Characterization of microcellular plastics for weight reduction in automotive interior parts S. 165-178

„… ) supplied by Borealis AG (Germany) was used. It has been specially developed for demanding applications in …”

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