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VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Nutzfahrzeuge 2017 – Commercial Vehicles 2017

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Nutzfahrzeuge 2017 – Commercial Vehicles 2017

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2298 2017

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J. Witzig, A. Grossl, M. Wenger E-Mobility for City Bus and Coach Applications – An integrated System Approach from ZF S. 5-12

„… currently developed new central drive. The AVE130 is an optimal solution for low floor buses including both …” „… vehicle architecture of low floor buses, because the complete drivetrain is integrated into the wheel …” „… central drive solution for both low floor and low entry buses (solo and articulated) and distribution …”

B. Grzegorzewski The next generation of natural gas trucks – Development of a 4x2 tractor with a natural gas engine S. 223-234

„… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2298, 2017232 6 Environmental friendliness Lower particle/ CO2 emission The spark …” „… needs no SCR with AdBlue. Lower noise emission The Stralis NP is available with the Silent truck …” „… truck industry is encouraged to find alternatives to these engine concepts to suit future emission …”

M. Dietrich, M. Kohler, F.-D. Speck Electrification in Commercial Vehicles – Megatrends and Solutions – Electric Drives for Light and Medium Commercial Vehicles and TraXon Hybrid for Heavy Duty S. 13-24

„… importance of local emissions. The introduction of low-emission zones, driving bans and city tolls are just …” „… emissions. This means that this technology can make a major contribution to reaching CO2 reduction targets …” „… on diesel vehicles to meet particulate and noise emission limits. Taking everything into account …”

K.-E. Yildirim, M. Finkenrath, M. Gökoglu Monitoring the fresh-air flow rate for energy-efficient bus ventilation – By monitoring of relative humidity and CO2-concentration S. 143-154

„… ) 285 “Strategy for reducing Heavy-Duty Vehicles' fuel consumption and CO2-emissions” [4] make it …” „… -emissions. Besides optimization of the primary power train, fuel consumption reduction of the secondary …” „… are generally the sole source of CO2-emissions within the bus [14]. Every passenger breathes out a CO …”

D. Bergmann, S. Lauer, S. Ghetti, K. Eichler, S. Petri Holistic Simulation Tool for the Commercial Vehicle Powertrain Development S. 209-222

„… Abstract In the near future, the commercial vehicle sector will be faced with more stringent emission and …” „… emissions in 2014 came from the transportation sector, surpassed only by the electricity and heat sector [1 …” „… low-carbon economy” policy, the European Union (EU) targets a reduction of 60% below 1990 levels of CO2 …”

G. Schünemann Energy Management for Future Commercial Vehicles S. 103-114

„… efficient. NOx and particle emissions have been reduced to a very low level by filters and exhaust …” „… , Hannover Abstract Heavy duty vehicle road transport produces a significant share of CO2 emissions …” „… possibilities to reduce these emissions. For long haul heavy duty transport the saving potential from today’s …”

M. Eckert, M. Thiem, C. Beidl Development of an Electric Powertrain System for Truck Trailers S. 155-166

„… has become the most promising approach for reduction of fuel consumption respectively CO2 emission and …” „… combustion engine load leads to a reduction of fuel consumption and CO2 emission. In a first step, the …” „… a current share of about 30 % in road based greenhouse gas emissions caused by freight transport …”

C. Brinkkötter, R. Baumgart, S. Moldenhauer, J. Aurich, O. Predelli, A. Meyer Energy Efficient Standstill Air Conditioning for Trucks S. 125-142

„… Fahrerhaus zu kühlen. Allerdings führt dies zu einem zusätzlichen Kraftstoffverbrauch, CO2-Emissionen …” „… -Emissionen sichergestellt werden. Nach der Pause wird das System mittels der Abgaswärme des …” „… . This leads to additional fuel consumption and CO2-emissions, higher operating costs as well as noise …”

T. Huber, T. Grossner Future CO2 legislation and innovations to reduce TCO – using Continental Innovation Truck as an example – Evaluation of Photovoltaic System and Coasting Technology S. 79-102

„… Grenzwerte für 2030 angekündigt. Mit diesen gesetzlichen Initiativen werden CO2 Emissionen ein zusätzlicher …” „… resistances or improving energy harvesting technologies will help to meet future CO2 emission regulations …” „… associated goals for each of its member states. Moreover, for the first time the CO2 emissions of trucks and …”

F. Sauter, H. Mozer, B. Fessler, J. Glückler Development of an 8-speed Automatic Transmission for Medium-duty Trucks and Buses – Market analysis, selection, detailed definition and comparison of concepts and rollout of a segment-optimized tra... S. 197-208

„… market segments generate comparatively low market volumes. Another factor is the extreme price …” „… be rolled out with preferably low-budget development costs and, as a consequence, low product costs …” „… consumption and CO2 emissions in all relevant cycles. One important aspect in this context was to examine the …”

Preface S. 1-4

„… stricter global legislations on emissions, safety and vehicle masses and dimensions will lead to new …” „… low costs. Automated and connected vehicles can contribute to lower total cost of ownership over …”

B. Barrois, A. Mink Mercedes Benz Future Bus – First partly automated city bus with CityPilot S. 53-62

„… lower edge of the windscreen. The technology is within the swept area of the windscreen wiper and …” „… noticeably reduces fuel consumption and therefore CO2 emissions, saves wear and tear and is also very …” „… CO2 emissions drop, the strain on the engine and other major assemblies is reduced, resulting in …”

D. Nulens The Future of Telematics – Intelligent Connectivity – A journey to exceptional fleet performance S. 277-290

„… . Their growing popularity is not without reason: they constitute a low threshold alternative from a …” „… of inventory management, pallets are already provided with low-cost, tiny multisensors and …” „… spaces, the program has reduced congestion and emissions. [21] IoT, Big Data, autonomous vehicles …”

S. Gohl, F. Tenbrock, L. van Rooij, D. Williams, G. Gumpoltsberger ZF Innovation Truck 2016 – Advanced Driver Assistance Systems are increasing safety and usability S. 41-52

„… without any emissions thanks to its hybrid system and whose complex trailer connected via two articulation …” „… . At lower speeds the radar switches to AEBS City mode, where the forward looking distance is reduced …”

A. Lapp, R. Lock, M. Muenzenmay, M. Tanimou, T. Thiel, C. Zimmermann Automotive Feature Store – Cloud-based software development and functions distribution for commercial vehicles S. 263-276

„… . This is especially interesting for smaller companies or a low number of feature developers. The final …” „… (e.g. related to emission regulations) the type approval has to be renewed by a designated test …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181022986

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - PIAE EUROPE 2021

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

PIAE EUROPE 2021

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2385 2021

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P. Helmke, B. Pfeiffer Lightweight plastic construction with visible surface as examplified by the Volkswagen ID.3 tailgate S. 29-38

„… exposure. The material is emissions-reduced to allow use in vehicle interiors. The combination of a low …” „… component is mostly encapsulated, susceptibility to corrosion is low. Another manufacturing advantage of …” „… the body shell and only then complemented. Due to the comparatively lower level of investment, costs …”

T. Köppl, F. Dresel, N. Grohnmeier Breakthrough in producing soft and sustainable interior surfaces by injection moulding of TPE S. 49-60

„… ) Table 1: Testing results of TPE with very low emissions (Dryflex Interior) Property Testing standard …” „… due to its easy processing and very low emissions, which is especially important for large scale …” „… in production, decrease part weight and reduce emissions. Additionally, parts made from TPE can be …”

A. Keränen, T. Wuori, J. Asikkala, E. Garcia Biosca, A. Benndorf Polypropylene films and injection-molding resins for In-Mold Structural Electronics (IMSE®) S. 213-224

„… transition with its ambition of achieving zero net emissions by 2050. Repsol is already a supplier of …” „… , which thus reduces fuel consumption and emissions. Repsol has invested in a new reactor for an advanced …” „… , such as coating, is used. The lower processing temperature of PP is an advantage compared to PC …”

J. Horn, S. Pirl, M. Gehringer, F. Förster Interior parts with a focus on climate – A pleasant feel thanks to thermoplastic foam S. 129-144

„… opportunity of upgrading the interior of even lower-class vehicles for a pleasant user experience. In …” „… , the PP/TPE combination offers a low output density of approx. 0.90 g/cm³. In contrast, materials in …” „… materials have only a low melt extensibility. Even with low levels of foaming, cell walls can tear open …”

M. Hetterich, M. Michl Lightweight TPE for weight-reduced automotive applications – Be Smart – Make it lightweight S. 225-234

„… . One possibility of physical foaming is the evaporation of relatively low-boiling substances, such as …” „… . Foaming with CO2 or N2 is to be classified as more environmentally friendly than the use of low …” „… lower densities and that thus make weight savings possible without the need to resort to foaming …”

H. Lehmann Sorting technologies: the key to quality products in a circular economy S. 161-172

„… are correspondingly produced. Europe, with its low production of around two million barrels per day …” „… determination and shape analysis by light absorption Emission spectroscopy (LIBS 'laserinduced breakdown …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023853

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - International Conference on Gears 2023

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

International Conference on Gears 2023

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2422 2023

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L. Bonaiti, M. Brambilla, P. Chiariotti, A. Cigada, C. Gorla, G. Boni, P. Codeluppi The effect of pinion axial positioning on noise and transmission error of face hobbed and face milled bevel gears S. 839-852

„… noise and, most specifically, that a small negative variation produces the lowest emitted noise [4]. The …” „… industrial interest in understanding if it is possible to mitigate gear noise emission by varying the …” „… displacement on the test rig Fig. 4 shows the comparison between background noise and the lowest power test …”

S. Ebrahimi, U. Kissling, C. S. Matkovič Evaluation of the NVH Characteristics of Gear Drives with Plastic Gears by the Forced Response Analysis S. 1403-1418

„… are calculated to evaluate which model results in lower noise emission from the housing. For …” „… results in lower noise emission from the housing. Based on the load excitation imposed from gears, the …” „… gears with desirable damping properties lead to a lower level of noise emission by reducing the double …”

S. Sepp, A. Wenig, M. Otto, K. Stahl Acoustical behavior of periodic flank modifications under dynamic operating conditions S. 341-356

„… Munich, TUM School of Engineering and Design, GermanyAbstract Noise emissions belong to the crucial …” „… the typical compromise between the flank design objectives load carrying ca-pacity and low excitation …” „… meet future mobility needs in a context of resource scarcity and limited greenhouse gas emissions. The …”

J. D. M. Marafona, J. H. O. Seabra, P. M. T. Marques, R. C. Martins Effect of overlap ratio on gear dynamic behavior and noise level S. 1239-1256

„… lower dynamic overload. The basis of this work is the concept of integer overlap ratio (IOR) gears. For …” „… defined in Table 1. The H501 is a standard helical gear while the H951 is a “low loss” helical gear pair …” „… gears developed from the algorithm vary from high safety factor gears to high efficiency gears, from low …”

D. Krüger Reuse S. 3-12

„… Increasing Air Travel and the Challenge to Reduce Emissions Dr.-Ing. David Krüger, Rolls-Royce …” „… engine emission which needs to be controlled and reduced are noise, nitrogen oxides, sulphur oxides and …” „… highlight that the airline industry contributes only to about 2.5% of the global carbon emission [1]. In …”

T. König, L. Cadau, L. Steidle, M. Kley, D. Cansu Güney, J. Albrecht, K. Weber A concept for comparison of new and aged lubricants in transmissions of electric vehicles and a method of oil aging on a test rig S. 1195-1206

„… . In 2020, road traffic was responsible for 29 % of European CO emissions. [1] Therefore, it makes …” „… . These lubricants exhibit a significantly lower environmental impact upon their release, as they are …” „… properties of EV fluids and highlight low oxidation reactions as another important characteristic of these …”

J. Vorgerd, P. Tenberge, M. Steinrötter Scuffing load carrying capacity of high-speed gears with an isotropic superfinished surface S. 227-242

„… by friction in the local slide-roll contacts due to gear damage and thermal heat emission. The local …” „… reduction in roughness results in a higher specific lubricant film thickness and thus lowers solid body …” „… ] showed a potential in efficiency compared to axially ground discs with up to 𝜇 30 % lower friction …”

M. M. Klein Holistic Sustainability-Assessment of Gearboxes S. 815-828

„… industrial sectors to reduce greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions. Especially the consumption of finite and climate …” „… business sectors to reduce GHG-emissions by avoiding the waste of resources like energy and material …” „… and emissions during production. In the distribution phase decisions on logistic aspects are made and …”

C. Westphal, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Influence of Axis Misalignments in Stepped Planetary Gear Stages on the Excitation Behavior – Test Rig Development and Simulative Analysis S. 175-190

„… combination of high power density, high efficiency and low noise emission. With the electrification of the …” „… powertrain, the requirements in terms of noise emission and efficiency increase additionally. Stepped …” „… /150/107, 2 in Fig. 1). When selecting the coupling, care was taken to ensure the lowest possible lateral …”

N. Missal, S. Schwertel, M. Ludwig The next level of axial forming for a sustainable component and process chain design S. 1765-1776

„… industrialized and emerging countries. Traffic- and production-related emissions of CO2, air pollutants, and …” „… , cold metal forming can significantly contribute to reducing the CO2 footprint and emissions of the …” „… possible due to the lower number of required meshing elements of approx. 1.2 million without any …”

M. Werner, S. Graf, M. Oehler, O. Koch Investigation of the electrical behavior of a spur gear stage pair by means of impedance measurements S. 67-80

„… associated reduction of greenhouse gas emissions such as CO2 emissions. In the automotive industry, for …” „… conclusions can be drawn from this. For this reason, measurements were first carried out at the lowest …” „… , the comparatively low torques were chosen in order to better investigate the individual different …”

H. Jia, D. Qin, G. Hu, X. Xu, W. Bai Electromechanical Coupling Modeling and Torsional Vibration Analysis of Helicopter Electric Propulsion System S. 675-688

„… saving, emission and noise reduction, which has opened a door to the innovation and technical reform in …” „… fixed notch filter applying to the speed control loop of helicopter engine, and the low …” „… (FFT) and the least mean square (LMS), to solve the problem of low-order torsional vibration under …”

F. Concli, M. N. Mastrone Latest advancements in the lubrication simulations of geared systems: a technology ready for industrial applications S. 499-518

„… of pollutant emission and increased reliability related to the reduction of the operating …” „… [1] improved the formulation by Ohlendorf to consider high immersion depths and low tangential speeds …” „… low quality are deleted and re-created. This method is effective but the mesh update can lead to …”

M. Vivet, A. Rezayat, J. Verhoogen, K. Kucukcoskun, S. Donders Numerical analysis of bevel gear transmission acoustic emission using a 3D gear contact force model within a multibody system dynamics simulation environment S. 689-702

„… Numerical analysis of bevel gear transmission acoustic emission using a 3D gear contact force model …” „… Dynamic simulations. The acoustic emission of the spiral bevel gearbox is computed from a dynamic run-up …” „… simulation and analysis. Gearbox sound emission is strongly linked to vibrations that arise from the gear …”

J. Woelling, F. Manis Recycling of carbon fiber reinforced plastics – State of the Art and Challenges S. 1287-1296

„… via lower fuel consumption. But in other market segments, it has to be taken into consideration that …” „… . Starting from the other, i.e. lower end of the waste hierarchy, there are priority levels 4 (thermal …” „… global level at the moment [11, 12], as well as the recovery of pyrolysis emission gases and fluids [13 …”

F. Eigner, S. Oberle, M. Berger A non-restrictive approach of gear geometry calculation for plastic gears S. 1469-1482

„… 𝑅𝑅 applies as the lower limit of the definition for gear pairs with 0. 𝑅𝑅applies as the upper …” „… increased power loss and thus lower efficiency. Due to the use in short-time operation S2 regarding to IEC …” „… application the lower efficiency is more of an advantage, as it increases the resistance to backward driving …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… and the Challenge to Reduce Emissions 3D. Krüger, Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co KG …” „… , Blankenfelde-Mahlow, GermanyEfficiency-improvement with low-loss-gears by two different application 13B.-R. Höhn, TUM …” „… , ChinaNumerical analysis of bevel gear transmission acoustic emission using a 3D gear contact force model within …”

C. Kirchhoff, P. Tenberge Optimization of the vibrational behavior of ZI crossed helical gears with a plastic wheel and a steel worm S. 1419-1434

„… the primary drive trains of automobiles, so that the minimization of noise emissions from secondary …” „… additional straight line, which defines the lower boundary, is used to mesh the head Fig. 7: Normal section …” „… increasing smooth running with a low tooth stiffness variation for spur gears is to increase VDI-Berichte Nr …”

M. J. Herberger, F. Rudolph, B. Sievers Efficient concepts for high ratio angular gearboxes S. 801-814

„… displacement behavior of hypoid and SPIROPLAN® angular stages is presented. Result-ing from a lower sensitivity …” „… costs, gearbox size, efficiency, and noise emissions, various gearbox concepts exist in order to meet …” „… realize a highly efficient gearbox. The lower the operating grade, i.e. the ratio of operating load to …”

A. Beinstingel, F. Haringer, W. Sigmund, M. Heider, B. Pinnekamp, S. Marburg Investigation of Sound and Vibration Behavior of Cylindrical Gears S. 599-618

„… consider the complete transfer path that occurs in a gear system regarding the expected noise emission …” „… maximum speed, but rather at lower speed. Accordingly, the addressed speed range is selected between 300 …” „… low as possible. Nevertheless, all these concepts fulfill in general the mechanical requirements and …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024225

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - International Conference on Gears 2019

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

International Conference on Gears 2019

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2355 2019

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S. Nowoisky, M. Grzeszkowski, C. Guhmann, J. G. Pelham Monitoring concept study for aerospace power gear box drive train S. 269-286

„… , and gear teeth cracks the use of acceleration, acoustic emission sensors, and different methods will …” „… emission sensor [3], [5]. Due to the location of the journal bearing in the rotating area of the gearbox a …” „… emission signals as well as acceleration signals are subjected to these methods. A trade between methods …”

R. Weidig, H. J. Weimar Powertrain NVH improvement with high-performance polymer gears S. 1421-1430

„… attention and acceptance in the industry as a cost-effective low mass highly efficient solution …” „… automotive megatrend, driven by global legislation, to reduce the overall Emissions has opened new demanding …” „… 150°C, high loads, longer lifetime requirements (up to 8.000 hours) and aggressive engine or low …”

B. Karpuschewski, D. Sackmann, M. Kochig, M. Beutner, F. Welzel Potentials and limits of gear hobbing with cooling lubricants S. 1591-1602

„… , as shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 5: Particle emission measurement The TSI particle counter captures …” „… especially at the lowest tested cutting speed vc= 180 m/min. Increasing the cutting speed the tool life of …” „… processes. Fig. 7 is illustrating the final wear state of the used fly teeth. At low cutting speeds oil …”

K. Stahl Foreword S. 1-2

„… range, at lowest cost, with minimal losses and with minimal noise emission. However, demands on gears …” „… necessity to reduce CO2-emissions is one of the most important megatrends and poses a crucial challenge to …” „… components offers favorable properties such as low friction, dry-running capabilities or good VDI-Berichte …”

B. Karpuschewski, T. Lierse, S. Schulze Inline-deep rolling – a new approach to increase tooth root load capacity S. 1787-1798

„… increases and CO2 emissions rise in the area of fuel-based drive systems, which is offset by restrictive …” „… emission legislation and consumer requests for economical products [2], [3]. In addition, the “Fridays for …” „… emissions legislation is offered, among other things, by different lightweight construction strategies …”

X. Yang, N. Yue, Q. Yang, L. Wang, Y. Shao, H. Xiong Dynamic simulation for double input compound power-split mechanism of in-wheel motor driven EVs S. 481-492

„… mechanism, the dynamic simulation of low gear and high gear operation are carried out. The results show …” „… that the output angular velocity and meshing force of the system fluctuate greatly at low gear …” „… output rotate velocity and enough able to accomplish the typical working duties including low speed high …”

T. Kleiber DIN Q6 meets DIN Q10 – Need for modern internal gear production S. 415-424

„… speed and last but not least low noise emissions. High power density pushes engineering towards …” „… ” E-cars are by nature on a lower NVH-level, due to the loss of masking ICE noise and other components …” „… 200.000 to 250.000 km. The speed inside of a differential is much lower and if no type is losing contact …”

M. Heider, B. Pinnekamp, A. Beinstingel Planetary gears: modes, noise and modifications application and validation of simulation and experiment S. 57-68

„… overlap ratios, flank modifications and manufacturing deviations. For design to low noise emission, the …” „… without modification, but with pitch deviation. An additional low frequency excitation can be identified …” „… variant, lower amplitudes of the tooth meshing frequency can be seen over large areas. High amplitudes …”

B. Mahr, A. Pogacnik, A. Langheinrich Derivation of tooth stiffness of asymmetric gears for loaded tooth contact analysis S. 937-948

„… higher pressure angle, power losses are normally reduced, but often at the cost of noise emission due to …” „… the resulting lower contact ratio. The transmission error, which can be evaluated with a loaded tooth …” „… unloaded flank, or seldomly loaded, with a low pressure angle. For a given gear pitch, using a low …”

B. Brodmann, H. Bodschwinna Scattered light measurement on worm gears with high efficiency requirements S. 1567-1578

„… discussion on emission-free mobility has accelerated dramatically in recent years. The legislator's greatly …” „… transmissions is crucial. Any amount of energy not converted into heat means more outreach and, in total, lower …” „… CO2 emissions. Therefore, a Scattered light measurement on worm gears with high efficiency …”

R. Slatter Condition monitoring of gearboxes using magnetoresistive sensors S. 229-244

„… classic approach is to measure vibration and acoustic emission is an associated technique. Furthermore …” „… robust, as well as featuring a high bandwidth and low power consumption. Machine and plant builders …” „… growth in the application field of MR sensors. The extremely low power consumption of MR sensors makes …”

K. Liu, H. Liu, W. Shi Investigation on dynamic behavior of differential gearing with herringbone teeth S. 1215-1222

„… lower CO2 emission, thus the research of the coaxial counter-rotating system with planetary …” „… improve the stability of transmission and the fuel efficiency of aero-engine, with the emission of CO2 …”

M. Uhlig, C. Pastor Simulation tool-chain for plastic gear design S. 1453-1460

„… driver a familiar and comfortable ride, blending of brake force during recuperative braking and low …” „… noise emission must be ensured. Furthermore, automated braking functions require redundancy of brake …” „… maintenance. Application of slide bearings is one option, driven also by comparative low loads and chosen …”

F. Lubos, Z. Roth Bionic tooth root: fatigue testing and potential on gear units S. 47-56

„… increase of the load carrying capacity in these tests is minimally lower than in the test series for the …” „… . This can reduce the noise emission of a gear unit. To verify the results with regard to size influence …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023556

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Gefahrstoffe

Browse Volumes: Gefahrstoffe

GrdL Volume 79 (2019) Issue 06 ISSN Online: 0949-8036

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M. Vorage, P. Madl, A. Hubmer, H. Lettner Aerosols at Salzburg Airport: Long-term measurements of ultrafine particles at two locations along the runway/Aerosole am Salzburger Flughafen: Langzeitmessungen von ultrafeinen Partikeln an zwei Messstellen neben der Rollbahn S. 227-234

„… – especially as authorities already discuss the possibility to impose emission-related taxation. At SZG …” „… . Hubmer, H. Lettner Abstract This paper unequivocally links particle emissions to specific planes engaged …” „… and downwind in close proximity of the runway. As background levels are relatively low and LTO …”

H. D. Alas, S. Pfeifer, A. Wiesner, B. Wehner, K. Weinhold, M. Merkel, G. Löschau, S. Bastian, A. Hausmann, A. Wiedensohler Representativeness and variability of PM2.5 mass concentrations and black carbon near traffic and urban background monitoring stations/Repräsentativität und Variabilität von PM2.5-Massenkonzentrationen und schwarzem Kohlenstoff in der Nähe von Verkehrs- und städtischen Luftgütemessstationen. S. 217-226

„… influence from traffic emissions in the street, while the PM2.5 mass concentration was more dependent on …” „… Einflussfaktoren für die Exposition von verkehrsbezogenen Emission auf Fußgänger zu gewinnen. Folgende Studien …” „… volume sampler and regular comparison with low volume sampler Reference value for PM; collects …”

C. Asbach Das Momentum nutzen S. 189

„… Feinstaubkonzentrationen nachdrücklich angestrebt werden sollte. Allerdings darf dies nicht geschehen, indem die Emissionen …” „… eines Schadstoffes nur räumlich verlagert oder durch die Emissionen eines anderen Schadstoffes …” „… Niedernhausen 26. Juni 2019 Dortmund 26.-28. Juni 2019 Aveiro, Portugal 28.-30. August 2019 Löwen, Belgien …”

S. Eckert, L. Fembacher, H. Fromme, T. Lahrz, R. Burghardt, D. Kadler Innenraumluftqualität in Schulen nach der Grundreinigung von Bodenbelägen aus Linoleum/Indoor air quality in schools after the process of cleaning and coating linoleum flooring Results of the study LUPE 7 S. 204-212

„… changes, concerning systemically lower or higher concentrations of individual aldehydes and their sums …” „… Reinigungsmitteln enthaltenen Glykolether, kaum hingegen durch die Emission von Aldehyden, verursacht. Nach ca …” „… Linolensäure überwiegend ungesättigte Aldehyde. Wesentliche Emissionsquellen stellen fettsäurereiche Hölzer …”

doi.org/10.37544/0949-8036-2019-06

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