„… appears like a force and the torsional angle like a displacement. Furthermore, some equations are given …” „… corresponding force actuation of the coil springs is realized, which generates a targeted torsional …” „… result of applying the force ? along the actuation ? . The derivative of equation (1) with respect to …”

„… ") and require no actuation force in both closed and open state. In the event of an overload, the system …” „… system internal force application mechanisms: The first solution is based on a special bistable …” „… diaphragm spring, while the second solution uses spring preload with a change in spring alignment. 1 …”

„… linearized force/displacement relations can be mostly decoupled into 3 direction related matrices, which …” „… scheme, the solver of the vehicle model is waiting for the tire model when requesting the tire forces …” „… the CDTire/3D model and the measurement data. Fig. 9 shows the lateral force versus the slip angle …”

„… over frequency.• Quasi-stationary preload force which acts radially on the bushing; Remember that …” „… . Finally, the background is colored accordingto the corresponding preload force, which depends on the …” „… PropertyMagnitude Steering TorqueMagnitude Steering AccelerationCentrifugal ForceLocation ImbalanceMass …”

„… harmonic forces ofconstant amplitude and zero preload onto the steering rack. The recorded testing …” „… level atthe respective input. This assumption is similar to the one made when assuming that a force-or …” „… torque of the driver, which is negligible at force-less oscillating steering wheelduring straight-line …”

„… ondisplacement amplitude and on preload force [98]. This is especially true, if the bushing ismade of …” „… tie-rod, must be left force-less (“free”) orkept motion-less (“fixed”) during the analysis. Moreover, to …” „… excitation force.Figure 5.7 on page 101 shows the complete set of four-pole coefficients of the …”

„… with reference to corresponding four-pole coefficients.4.1.1 Case A: Passive Behavior of the Force-less …” „… the Simplified Steering ModelWith Eqs. (4.26) and (4.28) and assuming Case A (passive, force-less …” „… electric motor) is present,the occurring output velocity v3 at force-less steering wheel (F3 = 0) owing to …”

„… input force amplitudes.Compliance with the required vehicle characteristics can be checked easily after …” „… repetitive subsystem analysis, requirement derivation and subsystem assembly until thenonlinear force at the …” „… characteristics over frequency,displacement and preload.Beyond these concrete examples, the shown methods are, in …”

„… external forces. The evaluation of the mass calculation results is done manually, yielding critical loads …” „… analyses including hous-ing, bearing clearance, preload and internal geometry are carried out using Rikor …” „… effects and physical phenomena as shown in Fig. 1, resulting from contact profile (1), preload and bearing …”

„… range. Especially additional dynamic forces, due to operation in high-speed ranges or near resonance …” „… 6336-1 [15] and is calculated based on the individual normal tooth forces of each VDI-Berichte Nr. 2389 …” „… with avoiding axial forces, double-helical planetary gear sets are used in modern high-performance and …”

„… have an electro-mechanical preload-device instead of a hydraulic one and tribologically separated drive …” „… - and test-systems. Furthermore, it will have an integrated measurement device for the friction force …”

„… . SLIC is based on measurements of the preload force and screw-in angle curve carried out in preliminary …” „… between the impacts and preload force. Based on the screw-in angle curve, this regression model predicts …” „… the number of impacts to minimize the scatter of the preload force. During the controlled tightening …”

„… build up the de-sired preload force. Additional to optimizing the surface quality, the superposition of …”

„… determining the required bolt size based on the functionally required minimum assembly preload force and thus …”