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VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Drivetrain for Vehicles 2016

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Drivetrain for Vehicles 2016

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2276 2016

Results in this title

R. Kronstorfer, F. Kolb, U. Pinschmidt Audi quattro – Four wheel drive becomes more efficient S. 369-382

„… transmission form the foundations. They offer optimal efficiency when driving the front axle. The combination …” „… with a base distribution ratio of 50:50 between the front and rear axles. In 2005 to further improve …” „… front longitudinally mounted engine (MLBevo). In order to bring the rear axle to a stop, the following …”

K. Fronius, A. Harsch, P. Neuwirth, J. Gindele The AMG SPEEDSHIFT DCT from the Mercedes-Benz 7G-DCT Family – Performance for the Road and Race Track in the Compact Segment S. 53-68

„… the compact segment. The AMG DYNAMIC PLUS package with front axle limited slip differential toughens …” „… track. The integrated limited slip differential for the front axle ensures outstanding traction under …” „… driving, the drive torque is transmitted via the front axle and distributed to the rear axle by means of a …”

M. Kraft, W. Pflieger, S. Henzler, C. Nizzola, S. Rinderknecht Simulation-based study of drivetrain electrification to improve driving dynamics S. 177-192

„… rear-axle, P4 front architecture by an electric driven front-axle. In these P4 architectures the e-drive …” „… VDI-Berichte 2276, 2016182 split ratio of 37 % to front and 63 % to rear axle. Contrarily, the P4 …” „… assumed to ensure braking stability. Thereby different brake torques required on front and rear axle. This …”

B. Löffler, J. Patzner, M. Drabek, K. Armbruster Modular 8-Speed Hybrid Dual Clutch Transmission With Integrated All-Wheel Distributor by ZF S. 85-100

„… front axle output implemented as wet clutch and beveloid gearing stage is connected to the front axle …” „… distributor transmission. The latter transfers the torque to the front axle gear according to the demand. The …” „… continuous slip. Depending on the torque required at the front axle in accordance with the driving situation …”

H.-W. Raedt, F. Wilke, C.-S. Ernst Lightweight Design in transmission by forging technology in passenger cars and light commercial vehicles S. 485-502

„… weight of 479 kg. The weight distribution between the front and rear axle is quite balanced. The analysis …” „… placed directly on the front axle and, together with the transmission, contributes significantly to the …” „… design potential in the chassis – mostly front axle (Source: Otto Fuchs, Felss Group, LEIBER Group …”

M. Graf, M. Brenninger, R. Heindl CVDT – Advanced Hydrostatic Power-Split Drivetrain – The Next Level in Tractor Transmission Technology S. 587-588

„… fourwheel drive system with torque distribution between front axle and rear axle and thereby can help to …”

J. Winchester, A. Favale, S. A. Martin Lightweight, Highly Efficient Drive System S. 667-680

„… used incorporating a common axle across the front of the truck, however this presents the same problem …” „… the motor can easily be integrated into another component’s housing such as an axle, pump or gearbox …” „… . 10 below shows a forklift truck with two Induction motors packaged into the front wheels. Fig. 11 …”

M. Funk, G. Bofinger, J. Patzer, D. O. Lautenschlager, E. Granderath The New Porsche Dual Clutch Gearbox (PDK) – an Important Component of the Powertrain of the Future S. 69-84

„… forms the output of the integrated all-wheel drive differential to the front axle. The axes of the two …” „… new PDK, mounted longitudinally at the front of the vehicle, can be implemented in 2WD and 4WD …” „… hang-on clutch integrated into the PDK with downstream beveloid output stage to the front differential …”

W. Hinz, G. Bednarek The new 8-speed FWD Automatic Transmission for General Motors / A. Opel AG S. 383-396

„… unit (PTU) attached to the transmission which distributes the torque between the two front axles and …” „… front-wheel-drive vehicles as well. The first application front-wheel-drive 8-speed automatic transmission (AF50-8 …” „… layout of the transmission The AF50 transmission copes with front transvers engine installations and …”

Y. Takeda, M. Kawaminami, M. Tsuchida, H. Takekawa Gear Whine Noise Reduction Technology of New Model Transmission for FF-Hybrid Vehicle S. 435-450

„… is gained. P610 consists of a 4 axles structure of drive motor(MG2), generator motor(MG1) and input …” „… , 2016446 Fig. 13: Transmission with PCU (Rear and front view) The problem is PCU noise …” „… . Fig. 14: PCU mounting brackets (Front side bracket). Transmission Mounting bracket PCU …”

A. Albers, U. Reichert, S. Ott, A. Radimersky Software supported development of a Battery Electric Vehicle powertrain considering the efficiency S. 321-338

„… machine in front transverse installation method. In this example, one restriction is the usage of a spur …” „… 12500 rpm. The axles and gearwheels are dimensioned according DIN 743 [13] for the fatigue and the …” „… necessary diameter of each axle is calculated to determine the minimum pitch diameter of the gearwheels …”

R. Welter, M. Kneißler, M. Hausner, D. Schulteis The Fascination of Clutch-by-Wire S. 121-136

„… investigated, one front wheel drive (FWD) and one rear wheel drive (RWD), see Figure 10, a. and b. Due to the …” „… axle differential as a target value for “differential boom”. On a similar basis to the example above …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181022764

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2019

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2019

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2361 2019

Results in this title

J. Philipp Behra Development of increased tire diameters and the effects on axles and drive trains of a combine harvester S. 553-560

„… power, grain tank volume and road speed [2] The development of tires of the front axle is shown in …” „… 46% on the front axle while the machine weight increased by around 40% (depending on the machine …” „… configuration). This compensation is achieved by a new concept of front and rear axles especially designed for …”

J. L‘Heureux Four-Tracked Solution for Large Row Crop Tractors S. 305-310

„… tracks and MFWD require a higher weight bias to the front axle (wheels) in order to provide acceptable …” „… each of the track units that was proportional to the operating front and rear axle weight of the …” „… high lateral stability and requires a higher front axle weight bias to achieve steering corrections …”

A. Lajunen Development of a tire-soil interaction model for agricultural tractors S. 47-56

„… front and rear axles of the tractor. For faster simulation, no engine and gearbox was modelled. Each …” „… of the chassis model. The front axle has steering system and a freely oscillating axle with end …” „… weight (kg) 4000…14000 Table 2: Tire parameters Parameter Front axle Rear axle Trailer axle Free …”

T. Fedde, M. Peeters, R. Stirnimann Soil pressure and pulling behavior of standard and half-track tractor chassis concepts S. 35-46

„… opens to reduce the front axle load and consequently a lower soil pressure at the front axle. Fig …” „… and vertical forces occur between tractor and implement. These forces lead to a change of the front …” „… applications by 1.800kg at the rear. The front weight was calculated to reach a 35/65 balance for the wheel …”

S. Liljenberg, M. Frederiksen, T. H. Langer Methods to evaluate steering performance of agricultural tractors S. 29-34

„… design engineers on front axle and steering system design, but also poses a challenge on how to test and …” „… unit on a 300hp tractor with independent front axle suspension. The new test method with the steering …” „… the design engineers on front axle and steering system design, but also poses a challenge on how to …”

S. Igl, G. Grommer, M. Auer, K. Grad Power Trains, Electric Drives and Mobile Hydraulics S. 135-144

„… with rear-wheel drive, the rolling resistance of the front axle must be subtracted from the driving …” „… , the front axle wheels compact the soil more than those of standard tractors with tire sizes that …” „… Power Trains, Electric Drives and Mobile Hydraulics Multi-axle drives (6WD) in agricultural …”

S. Pfaffmann, F. de Moraes Boos, N. Tarasinski, V. Kegel Swarm Unit – Development of a Fully Electric Agricultural Machine with External Power Supply S. 401-408

„… unlimited continuous operating time. The GridCON tractor carries 1 km of cable on a front mounted cable …” „… single axle Traction Unit connected through a novel interface with an included articulated steering …” „… tractor’s rear axle, which includes a transmission, a differential and final drives as well as the …”

G. Molari, M. Mattetti, M. Varani, F. Paolini, S. Fiorati, P. Mancinelli, K. Štefek, C. Di Dio Field performance of Trelleborg PneuTrac tyres S. 57-62

„… test PT STD Engine nominal power [kW] 85 Total static mass [kg] 7380 Front axle static mass [%] 46 …” „… axle of a front wheel assist tractor. Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers …” „… 44 Rear tyres Trelleborg PneuTrac 600/65R38@0.4bar Continental AC65 600/65R38@1bar Front tyres …”

T. Herlitzius, H. Fichtl, A. Grosa, M. Henke, M. Hengst Feldschwarm – Modular and Scalable Tillage Systems with Shared Autonomy S. 409-420

„… . Electrical system with 600 V DC intermediate circuit. Traction unit based on a modified tractor front axle …” „… highly productive environment is to maintain soil fertility. Soil compaction due to high axle loads and …” „… legal limits in physical dimensions and axle weights today, which creates the new requirement to …”

T. Rudolph, T. Langer, P. Bolton Overcoming design challenges of electro-hydraulic steering systems – What really happened! S. 489-494

„… workload and a 6% productivity increase during front loader operation. Four-wheel steering including a new …” „… turns from lock-to-lock. This improves the comfort during headland turns and operating front loaders …” „… steering modes: 1) front wheel steering, 2) four-wheel steering and 3) crab steering. However, with an …”

T. Schempp, A. Kaufmann, I. Stohr A Field Tested Adaptive User-Interface – New Ways to Operate Tractors S. 235-242

„… reason, a standard tractor offers the following standardized rear and front interfaces: Trailer coupling …” „… wheels, or with its two joystick axles and the rotary wheels. (#3 in figure 3) Controls for hydraulic …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… ; O. Delvaux, Ets Joskin S.A., Soumagne, Belgium Optimization of tractor front loader for improved …” „… increased tire diameters and the effects on axles and drive trains of a combine harvester …”

M. Sax, R. Latsch, T. Anken, V. Moser, P. Krummenacher Automated site-specific overseeding of grassland S. 165-228

„… placed in front of the tractor, a data processing unit on the tractor and an adapted pneumatic seeder …” „… : Tractor with camera in front and seeder at the back+ Image recognition system An image recognition …” „… avoid dust and dirt and to receive enough processing time the camera was mounted in front of the …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023617

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Dritev 2023

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2420 2023

Results in this title

S. Yan, P. Piecha, N. Hetzel Virtual Generation of Load Profiles and Spectra for Designing Electrified Vehicles – The influence of software and driving scenarios on powertrain design S. 377-390

„… applied to dis-tribute the desired total torque between the front and rear axle. Possible purposes for …” „… ]. The two mentioned TVS are used to distribute the torques between the front and rear axle. The constant …” „… TVS distributes the total drive torque statically at a ratio of 1:1 between the front and rear axle …”

J. Gindele, F. Faistauer The Future of BEV: High Performance Without Compromising Driving Efficiency S. 37-44

„… characteristics of two electric drives across the front and rear axle. 2. Main losses of electric drives To …” „… on the front and rear axles has increased losses. This is because, other than an ASM (Asynchronous …” „… realize the concept of complementary drives involves combining a front axle with a long gear ratio and a …”

J. Jennings, D. Finn, T. Hunter Novel Multi-Functional Clutch Technology for EV Drivetrain Disconnects – Next Generation Disconnect with One-Way-Clutch for Automatic, and Non-Blocked Shifting S. 325-338

„… motion and while the ICE powertrain continues to apply torque to the front axle. The most critical …” „… advantages for the primary drive axle EDU. Additional capability can also be combined with multi-speed shift …” „… Management Solutions: Dynamic Controllable Clutch (DCC) and Electro-Mechanical E-axle Disconnect …”

S. Kaimer Vehicle Motion Control by Advanced Wheel Torque Management S. 13-20

„… power output. Secondly, placing two separate e-drives on the front and rear axle is easier than …” „… providing AWD through a longitudinal shaft. This again opens the possibility to use the front and rear …” „… drives as driving dynamics controllers by shifting torque between the axles. Another paradigm shift is …”

M. Magnusson, O. Nicklasson, H. Jacobsson Electric Cross Differential, eXD S. 235-252

„… eXD on front axle. Avg power input 7.1kW. Avg propulsion torque input 1250Nm VDI-Berichte Nr. 2420 …” „… propulsion axle equipped with an eXD (eLSD). An open differential mechanism acts as 50/50% torque …” „… on an axle with an open differential, “artificial” resistance torque on the low grip side can be …”

L. Bayoux, K.-L. Kimmig, D. Reitz Has the potential in terms of weight, installation space, and function already been exhausted for hybrid transmissions? S. 205-220

„… axle drives in a P4 position on the rear axle, combined with a P0/P1 topology at the front end, enable …” „… wide range of requirements for hybrid vehicles. Fig. 2: Electric axle drives, hybrid modules and a …” „… particular. At Schaeffler, the electric axle went into volume production in 2019, with the existing …”

H. Sandquist, E. Barrientos, S. Klacar Systemized Modular Approach for Electric Drive Unit Family Development S. 89-106

„… divided into two vehicles. Vehicle 1 includes two 800V BEV front and rear axle. Vehicle 2 includes two 400 …” „… V BEV front and rear axle.4.1. EDU VariantsThe modular approach discussed in the previous section …” „… RLocation Front Rear Front RearVoltage (V) 800 800 400 400Inverter SiC SiC IGBT IGBTPark lock No Optional No …”

C. Reumüller, M. Sedlmair, M. Hein, A. Damm Transformation from conventional to electric powertrains Challenges in testing mechatronic shifting systems S. 359-376

„… gears, limited slip differentials, active torque vectoring or connect and disconnect systems for axles …” „… example to disable 4-wheel-drive [2] for reducing drag torque in cruise mode or to connect an e-axle in a …” „… positions (DSSA=Double Sided Shift Actuator). Examples are to disengage the front (or in rare cases the rear …”

A. Freiburg Virtual development – optimized E-Drive selection by system simulation S. 73-88

„… and BEV powertrain with the possibility of a single or two power source option for the front axle …” „… / rear axle of the vehicle. The powertrain model and interface to the vehicle model was verified on the …”

J. Bonifacio, V. Warth, S. Scharr Optimizing sustainable high-performance e-drives S. 349-358

„… . Motivation Weight and space reduction are permanent challenges in the design of electric axle drives in …” „… . The evaluation of the optimization results is carried out by analyzing several pareto fronts, which is …” „… front demonstrating the tradeoff between the motor dimensions and efficiency. All red points are optimal …”

C. Gürlich, S. Demmerer, M. Winkel, K. Führer Transmission – the most underestimated part of the electric drive – Next generation transmission S. 183-196

„… gearbox enables it to be integrated into electric vehicle appli-cations in both front and rear-wheel-drive …” „… _13961.html [3] ZF Electric Axle Drive, ZF Press: https://www.zf.com/products/en/cars/products_66244 …”

A. Kappes, S. Frei, P. Noone, Stephan Rinderknecht Development and Design of a Range Extended four-speed Two-Drive-Powertrain S. 253-280

„… axle and connect them to the same transmission output, as illustrated in Fig. 4 as a TDT11. The expense …” „… of installing two EMs on one axle can hardly be justified considering the relatively small efficiency …” „… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2420, 2023256axles. Furthermore, the latter allows higher driving dynamics, which makes a TDT …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024201

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Dritev 2022

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2401 2022

Results in this title

D. Held The EtelligentReach Project – A new Level for Range and Dynamics S. 267-276

„… system at the front and rear axles, each with up to 180 kW output and a torque vectoring unit at the rear …” „… axle to be disconnected, and thus assures load point shifting at the front drive. In the 2nd phase of …” „… driving dynamics – less energy consumption Within the first project phase the front and rear axles are …”

T. Skubacz, C. Burkhardt, S. Krischke Proof of Concept: Bistable Shift Element S. 241-252

„… equipped with two independent e-axles (front/rear drive). The bistable switching element enables the …” „… transmission Rotating, quasi-static Torque transmission tests were carried out on an axle/gearbox test bench …” „… . The second example (Fig. 1b) shows the application in an e-axle configuration. The vehicle may also be …”

S. kyoung Lee, B. jae Lee, H. joon Kim Extreme cornering performance of Integrated Drive Axle on vehicle S. 291-302

„… Extreme cornering performance of Integrated Drive Axle on vehicle Soo kyoung Lee, M. Eng. Bum jae …” „… Integrated Drive Axle into a vehicle, even though the camber stiffness is in-creased, the unsprung mass can …” „… be reduced. This study examines how the Integrated Drive Axle improves cornering performance in …”

H. Spånberg Electric Torque Vectoring Disconnect unit, eTVD S. 253-266

„… . Singletrack model equation for yaw acceleration where C12 and C34 are front and rear axle cornering …” „… Abstract Electric vehicles with AWD-functionality usually have one motor in the front and one motor …” „… in the rear. When torque vectoring capability is required, a layout with one motor in the front and …”

M. Essam Ahmed, I. Garcia de Madinabeitia Merino, F. Duchi Advanced Electric Drive Modelling for Thermal and NVH adaptive control S. 407-0

„… Advanced Electric Drive Modelling for Thermal and NVH adaptive control Case study 48V e-Axle for …” „… . AVL has succeeded in realizing a 48V e-axle with up to 32kW peak performance, used in a P4 …” „… practical example of the presented 48V e-axle can be seen in Fig. 6 [3]. The overshoots with a step response …”

K. Lee, M. Song, S. Lim Multi-body Dynamics of a Vehicle Axle System Based on a Time-varying Gear Mesh Model for Investigating Hypoid Gear Noise and Vibration S. 185-196

„… Multi-body Dynamics of a Vehicle Axle System Based on a Time-varying Gear Mesh Model for …” „… source due to the induced misalignment under high loading and external road conditions in the axle …” „… a simulation modeling integration process for studying vehicle axle system NVH per-formance to …”

T. König, L. Stütz, L. Bauer, M. Kley Model-based simulation of a longitudinal dynamics vehicle model with a single-wheel drive S. 381-396

„… defines the vehicle motion model variables. The distances of the front (a) and rear (b) axles of the …” „… selected. The longitudinal dynamics (e.g. vehicle speed) are simulated via a two-axle vehicle body in …” „… for this simu-lation in form of a two-axle vehicle body in longitudinal direction. The vehicle has two …”

J. Kniel, M. Göckler, B. Müller Holistic thermal management as a “must have” for efficient BEV S. 397-406

„… electronics to the system requirements of a E-Axle or even coolant and refrigerant circuit and vice versa …” „… . 2401, 2022 401 the vehicle level, e.g., by the size of the radiator in the front of the vehicle …” „… a different situation. Choos-ing the cooling concept of the E-Axle and E-Motor is the second step …”

F. Pfister, N. Hetzel, K. Büttner Objectified Evaluation of Fundamental Driveability Maneuvers at Powertrain-in-the-Loop Testbeds for Electric Drive Units S. 61-72

„… has an additional electric axle, but the testbed only has two dynos, this axle is operated as a …” „… investigations as well as the subsequent software calibration tasks can be front-loaded. This increases …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024010

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Plastics in Automotive Engineering 2016

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Plastics in Automotive Engineering 2016

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 4343 2016

Results in this title

H. Gawinski, E. Neitzel, D. Bauch Potential for weight reduction in commercial vehicles – Air springs with pistons made of glass-fiber- reinforced plastic S. 337-344

„… . This carries not only the complex internal ribbing but in most cases the axle-side fastening elements …” „… limited axle loads. The key is to substitute plastic for metal. For air springs this route has been …” „… four-air-spring drive axle. The reduction in CO2 emissions resulting from this can be as much as 200 kg over a …”

S. Rübsamen, N. Elbs, H. Häberle CFRP air spring carrier for buses Feasibility study S. 329-336

„… permissible axle load for an undriven front axle is 10 tonnes and for a driven rear axle 11.5 tonnes. The …” „… carrier, consisting of the supporting structure weighing approx. 53 kg and the steel axle-connection …” „… carrier links the rear axle of a tour bus to the body (passenger cell). The feasibility study shows …”

H. Kempe Dimensioning and production of leaf springs made of fiber-reinforced plastics for use in heavyduty commercial vehicles – Special features and challenges S. 345-346

„… . Production of the structural components Taking a front-axle longitudinal leaf spring as an example, a …”

R. Mielke, P. Dierks Challenging surfaces and lightweight construction in the instrument panel of the new Volkswagen Tiguan S. 5-16

„… underline the existing quality appeal of the instrument panel of the new Volkswagen Tiguan, the front …” „… leathering model up to electroforming A laser is used to apply the technical graining to the front section …” „… driver's field of vision in such a way to give an impression that the image is about 2 m in front of the …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783182443438

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