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VDI Wissensform GmbH - Drivetrain Solutions for Commercial Vehicles

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VDI Wissensform GmbH (ed.)

Drivetrain Solutions for Commercial Vehicles

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2421 2023

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A. Rozum, R. Uerlich, G. Witham, L. Eckstein Modular powertrains for heavy-duty electric vehicles – From concept to prototype S. 191-0

„… combining two different electric machines (e.g. Concept ELV2, see Fig. 10) possible. These benefits can be …” „… (ika) of RWTH Aachen University Abstract Within the BMWK-funded project eTestHiL, a follow-up …” „… project of Concept ELV2 (funded by BMWi), a novel electrically driven axle (e-axle) is developed together …”

B. Wunderlich Development of an heavy duty eAxle for worldwide application within Daimler Truck portfolio S. 175-180

„… carrier represents the compact electric drive unit, including 2 eMachines, an automated 2-speed gearbox …” „… , first one (not shift-able) in extension of each eMachine is used for rpm reduction and second one …” „… cooling, responsible to lubricate eMachines and transmission f. Two permanent magnet synchronous (psm …”

J. Hohn, M. Fister, C. Spieker, A. Lemmer Optimisation of an unsynchronized transmission for commercial vehicles up to 7 tonnes S. 161-174

„… of existing electrical machines from the passenger car sector. This idea requires a suitable …” „… transmission concept that makes use of the high dynamics of the electrical machine for synchronisation. This …” „… powered purely by internal combustion engines. This problem is the motivation for the Scale-e …”

T. Jonsson, S. Balaji, G. Sivaraman, V. Ravindran, J. Engström Effects of PWM on losses and comparison of calculation approaches S. 47-58

„… the electric machines induced by the switching pulses from voltage source inverter fed variable speed …” „… losses and magnet losses in the electric machine, affecting the overall efficiency sweet spot and cooling …” „… demands. In this article, in order to compute the PWM-induced electric machine losses, some methods to …”

C. Schmidt Fault analysis of truck drivelines using big data methods S. 149-160

„… analyses can provide valuable input. Descriptive, statistical analysis and the use of machine learning …” „… root-cause hypotheses and a machine learning approach to tackle multicausal problems by evaluation of feature …” „… error to machine data. Diagnostic Trouble Codes (DTC) from the relevant workshop visits are primarily …”

L. Vassieux, A Diop Valeo hybrid solutions for Commercial Vehicle – 48V and HV hybrid solution S. 93-108

„… . VALEO expertise on transmission and electrical machines gives us the opportunity to offer compatible …” „… (Figure 2) with one 48V e-motor (electrical motor) and a two-speeds gearbox connected with PTO AMT gearbox …” „… one e-motor and one gearbox connected to the AMT gearbox countershaft or output shaft. It increases …”

M. Eisele, M. Kohler Modular Electric Driveline Platform for Commercial Vehicles – Central Drives and Electric Axles Built up From Standardized and Scalable Components S. 37-46

„… sind mit identischen E-Motoren, Wechselrichtern, elektrischen Aktuatoren und elektronischer Steuerung …” „… ausgestattet, um eine maximale Synergie hinsichtlich F & E-Kosten und Produktion zu ermöglichen. Neben den …” „… Präsentation wird auch ein Ausblick auf Untersuchungen zu den Potenzialen in der E-Motor- und …”

B. Meurer The next level of an improved Truck-Trailer connection and interaction – Examples for Electrification and Automated Driving S. 29-36

„… ma-chines (i.e., VDA FAT, ISO, and SAE). This initiative is supported by ZF, by truck OEMs, trailer OEMs …” „… enables integration with eWorX, ZF’s electric power take-off sys-tem, to supply reefers or other external …” „… battery cooling system with further com-ponents and an adapted suspension to integrate the ZF e …”

M. Trahand Drivetrain architectures and vehicle integration: The evolution and advantages of in-wheel propulsion for heavy-duty commercial vehicles S. 123-134

„… , M. Sc., ConMet eMobility, Vancouver, USA Abstract Fleet electrification represents a significant …” „… inte-grating it into eAxles. The next step in electric drivetrain evolution led motor companies to combine …” „… mo-tors into a variety of vehicle architectures. The ConMet eMobility business unit has launched the …”

A. Arnberger, H. Wancura, M. Wieser, H. Zhou, W. Gruber, J. Pell, C. Schörghuber Hybrid powertrain with hydrogen-engine – Technical solutions for future commercial vehicle powertrains S. 79-92

„… the limited low-end torque of the hydrogen engine as the e-machine can provide additional torque for …” „… measure above, i.e., the use of a hybrid powertrain, needs to be evaluated in detail, as the Diesel engine …” „… Long haul cycle.  Transient Load Response: The instantaneous available torque of an e-motor supports …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024218

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Drivetrain for Vehicles 2017

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Drivetrain for Vehicles 2017

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2313 2017

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R. Tull de Salis, J. Farssell, T. Stalfors A48-400V Ofi-Axis P2 hybrid module with minimal Impact on powertrain length -Joint development between Volvo cars and BorgWamer S. 25-26

„… , while the e-machine still uses the ratios of the gearbox. P0-P4 positions are named according to the …” „… the e-machine to minimize electrical losses. A revolutionary solution has been created in a joint …” „… from beyond 2020. It is a P2 hybrid with a chain-driven off-axis e-machine, which has been prototyped …”

M. Bhai, X. Shan Design of a hybrid mode and shift coordinator [hmsc] for the central control software of a range extender powertrain S. 137-138

„… electric traction machines parallel-series range extender (DE-REX) is an innovative powertrain which …” „… comprises a DHT [1] with two parallel sub-transmissions. Each electric traction machine is coupled to a …” „… machines perform speed synchronisation during gear shifts and hybrid mode changes. Due to this, it is …”

K. Muehlbauer, D. Schoeneberger, R. Pohlmann, W. Hackmann, H.-P. Feustel, E. Achleitner, M. Schweizer-Berberich, C. Schmidt, S. Rinderknecht Lew cost plug-in powertrain- Plug-in for the mass market S. 75-76

„… . Pohlmann, Dr.-Ing. W. Hackmann, H.-P. Feustel, Dr.-Ing. E. Achleitner, M. Schweizer-Berberich, C …” „… . This is achieved by combining several approaches. First of all, the electric machine design is not …” „… this investigation it is designed as induction machine (IM) for an optimal benefit-to-cost ratio …”

P. Janssen, Y. Zhang Full hybrid planetary transmission with on demand actuation- FEV's newest member of the PREX transmission family S. 49-50

„… E-Machine into the transmission and used ePGS as a launch device. In the years to follow many ePGS like …” „… Getriebe hybridisiert durch Installation einer E-Maschine ins Getriebe mit zumindest eine zusätzliche …” „… kombiniert mit der bekannten ePGS Struktur. Ein erstes Ergebnis ist die PREX3 Getriebestruktur, welche ein …”

G. Goch, Y. Peng, K. Ni, A. Günther Optical and areal measurements and evaluations of cylindrical gears S. 31-32

„… the widely-used gear deviation parameters (e.g. Hαf , βF , pF ) and their effective determination by …” „… (e.g. Hαf , βF , pF ) to areal parameters and their meaning in terms of both, a control of the …” „… integration of CNC technology into tactile Gear Measuring Instruments (GMI) and Coordinate Measuring Machines …”

P. Gwinner, M. Otto, K. Stahl Vibration behaviour of high-speed gearings for electrically driven powertrains S. 81-82

„… ), Technical University of Munich Kurzfassung Das Gesamtziel des BMWi-geförderten Verbundprojekts Speed2E …” „… the Speed2E joint research project is the development and construction of a high-speed powertrain for …” „… noise emission, efficiency and load-carrying capacity. As part of the Speed2E research project, which …”

T. Pfund, T. Biermann, M. Gramann Electric axle drives -Scalable propulsion system for electrified powertrains S. 55-56

„… electrically powered prototype vehicle Active eDrive, the Schaeffler Group presented a concept vehicle in 2011 …” „… as prototypes in this demonstrator. An essential USP of the Schaeffler e-axle was its coaxial design …” „… . The electric motor used was a PSM machine from IDAM (INA Drives & Mechatronics) designed as a hollow …”

M. Jordan, D. Kupka, P. Tenberge Control of e-motor-assisted shiftings in dedicated hybrid transmissions S. 77-78

„… Control of e-motor-assisted shiftings in dedicated hybrid transmissions Mick Jordan M.Sc …” „… hydrostatic actuators in vehicle applications [1, 2, 3]. In buses, field tractors and construction machines …”

D. Raitz, A. Englisch, T. Eckenfels The 48 V P2 hybrid-More than a bridging technology S. 27-28

„… Hybriden und reinen E- Fahrzeugen erfolgreich zu gestalten. Durch diese Art der Mildhybridisierung, welche …” „… additional disconnecting element (K0) between the electric machine and the internal combustion engine, as …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023136

Philipp Sommer - iWindow – Intelligentes Maschinenfenster

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Philipp Sommer (ed.)

iWindow – Intelligentes Maschinenfenster

Series: Fertigungstechnik

Volume 697 2018

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Echtzeit-Maschinensimulation und der Nutzen von Mehrwertdiensten S. 106-114

„… 106 M. Gras, D. Schaefer, E. Berckmann, M. Stautner 8 Echtzeit-Maschinensimulation und der …” „… Nutzen von Mehrwertdiensten M. Gras, D. Schaefer, E. Berckmann, M. Stautner Ziele Die …” „… M. Gras, D. Schaefer, E. Berckmann, M. Stautner bearbeitende Werkstücke sowie andere nicht …”

Ergebnisse aus Demonstratorensicht S. 9-24

„… . Kiefer, R. Rahäuser, W. Schotte, A. Neyrinck, S. Müller, E. Berckmann Einleitung Auf Grund der …” „… machine interface, HMI) übertragen, siehe Kapitel 2.5. Parallel zu den Entwicklungen zur kamerabasierten …” „… . Rahäuser, W. Schotte, A. Neyrinck, S. Müller, E. Berckmann zusammengefasst. Hierbei wird nochmals …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186697028

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2019

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2019

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2361 2019

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P. Munch Predictive Feed-Rate Control for Combine Harvesters S. 545-552

„… calculated by the VDM are used together with internal machine sensors (e.g. threshing load, engine load) to …” „… European Technology Innovation Center, Kaiserslautern Abstract Automation of harvesting machines is …” „… crucial for achieving and maintaining the best possible machine performance over a variety of crop types …”

S. Lorenz, H. Wanta, J. Krzywinski, T. Herlitzius FELDSCHWARM©-UI: A User Interface for Controlling Swarm Technology S. 253-264

„… different processing steps as needed. The management of such machine swarms means new requirements and use …” „… operation scenarios, which lead to different Human Machine Interfaces (HMI). This paper describes both …” „… systematically and by example, how the transition from direct machine operation to adaptive management systems …”

C. Gentz, G. Jacobs, C. Wyrwich, J. Munch, M. Marsel, M. Lindner, T. Herlitzius Electric mechanic power split PTO for implements S. 119-126

„… . Georg Jacobs, Christian Wyrwich, M.Sc., Institute for Machine Elements and Systems Engineering …” „… machines or potato harvesters. Since established standard tractors do not have the correspondingly …” „… Institute for Machine Elements and Systems Engineering of RWTH Aachen University developed an electric …”

S. Pfaffmann, F. de Moraes Boos, N. Tarasinski, V. Kegel Swarm Unit – Development of a Fully Electric Agricultural Machine with External Power Supply S. 401-408

„… adding two 250 kW high performance e-machines as shown in Fig. 3. In comparison to a Diesel tractor in …” „… Swarm Unit Development of a Fully Electric Agricultural Machine with External Power Supply S …” „… SESAM [1] and GridCON [2] John Deere has presented two fully electric machines. In the former project …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 19 G. Pasch, G. Jacobs, G. Höpfner, J. Berroth, Institute for Machine Elements and Systems …” „… � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 63 N. Schlingmann, Agricultural Industry Electronics Foundation AEF e.V., Frankfurt; V. Vandecaveye …” „… � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � � 69 J. Sonnen, J. Möller, A. Hammerschmidt, DKE-Data GmbH & Co. KG, Osnabrück Next Machine Management …”

S. A. Duppong, M. Kuhl, O. Delvaux Production System Optimization with Electrified Powertrain S. 421-426

„… electric, meaning the new eAutoPowr transmission uses electric machines to vary the output speed of the …” „… ., Soumagne, Belgium Introduction The new John Deere eAutoPowr is a highly reliable infinitely variable …” „… application is partnered with electric 8-wheel drive (e8WD) axles and powered by the new e …”

D. Engelmann, S. Becker, R. Stirnimann Transferring agricultural machines from field to the laboratory for emission check S. 479-488

„… Transferring agricultural machines from field to the laboratory for emission check Prof …” „… Mobile machines are very versatile and different in their design and in the tasks they can handle …” „… techniques for cars are not transferrable for mobile machines on chassis dynamometers due to different …”

A. Hackfort, G. Happich, M. Lichtenstern Development of a Seamless User Experience for Smart Farming Applications – From Machine Interaction to System Synergy S. 229-234

„… Development of a Seamless User Experience for Smart Farming Applications From Machine …” „… globally while including the latest technologies, trends in machine controls and interface design. From …” „… . Introduction In 1998 Fendt introduced the first fully integrated machine terminal as standard equipment on …”

J. Philipp Behra Development of increased tire diameters and the effects on axles and drive trains of a combine harvester S. 553-560

„… combine harvester, i.e. threshing, separation, cleaning and grain handling, the structure of the machine …” „… in the machine, i.e. brake, drive etc. was developed in the context of the complete combines. Also …” „… Erntemaschinen GmbH, Harsewinkel Abstract The demand for agricultural machines with increased capacity is a …”

D. Peitsmeyer Hydraulics in electrified machines – Electrification needs high efficiency S. 145-152

„… transmission of rotation into translation, e.g. with threaded or ball rolling spindles. Construction machines …” „… Hydraulics in electrified machines Electrification needs high efficiency Dierk Peitsmeyer …” „… optimum electrified mobile working machines. Electromechanical drives Often a replacement of the …”

J. Sonnen, J. Moller, A. Hammerschmidt agrirouter: First user experiences and next steps with the manufacturer-independent data exchange platform S. 69-76

„… machines from special programs (e.g. cards from applications for the application of fertilizers and seeds …” „… https://my-agrirouter.com and compile their individual ECO system from the machines and agricultural software solutions they …” „… the data sovereignty on his agrirouter. This enables users to exchange data between machines and …”

D. Bosenberg, W. Strothmann, C. Halbrugge, H. Korte Approach for increasing automation progress in root crop harvesting S. 439-446

„… may happen: - between machine modules (e.g. the output of a previous separator influences the …” „… the challenge of finding the optimal machine settings for each prevailing harvest situation, it can …” „… row) and with respect to the separators types they are equipped with (e.g. separator specialized on …”

A. Volbracht, J.-H. Wolker, J. Jeninga TIM empowers cross vendor couples to higher performance S. 573-0

„… Foundation AEF e.V., Frankfurt; Dipl.-Ing. Jasper Jeninga, Claas E-Systems GmbH, Bad Saulgau Tractor …” „… Implement Management (TIM) – Developed by the Agricultural Industry Electronics Foundation e.V (AEF …” „… companies, the effort is first and foremost directed at their farming customers, i.e. to make work easier …”

H. Schallermayer Next Machine Management – A new Ag-Software generation S. 77-82

„… Next Machine Management A new Ag-Software generation Hannes Schallermayer, aag (agricultural …” „… application group), Frankfurt Abstract Introduction and Aim: Next Machine Management development is …” „… driven by six leading agricultural machine manufacturers: AGCO, Krone, Kuhn, Lemken, Pöttinger and Rauch …”

H. J. Nissen, A. Kluge, D. Cowan, N. Shafer DataConnect – A solution for Cloud to Cloud data exchange S. 83-90

„… E-Systems GmbH, Dissen a.T.W.; Darin Cowan, Nicholas Shafer, John Deere Intelligent Solutions Group …” „… supporting multi-brand machine fleets though the customers portal of choice. Introduction Everybody is …” „… sticks. In recent years these FMIS got replaced by cloud-based solutions connected with the machines …”

M. Sax, R. Latsch, T. Anken, V. Moser, P. Krummenacher Automated site-specific overseeding of grassland S. 165-228

„… , i.e. when the machine is already on the slope. To further increase driving comfort, performance and …” „… thank the Association for the Promotion of Teaching and Research of Mobile Machines (MOBIMA e.V.) for …” „… is usually only applied if gaps exceed 20-30%. With conventional sowing machines, the entire …”

P. Sivasothy, G. Bulun, J. Seewig, J. Imwalle Implementation of a Dynamic Product Development Method for Agricultural Engineering Based on Virtual Prototypes S. 273-280

„… single ownership of a machine. Rather, the price is linked to the benefit, i.e. the availability of the …” „… supplemented to ensure functionality. With regard to the development of machines or assemblies for …” „… engineering. Use Case Presentation Traditionally, a farmer buys an agricultural machine required for …”

T. Steckel Process Operation Map for Assessment of ideal Configuration and Behaviour S. 341-346

„… , CLAAS E-Systems GmbH, Dissen a.T.W. Abstract Operation of numerous, complex, interdependent …” „… machines places high demands regarding configuration and in-situ behaviour adaptation. If not done …” „… experience-based. Detailed knowledge of machine characteristics and impact of environmental factors on the process …”

D. Smart, V. Brill High Speed ISOBUS, an AEF Project for next generation Ag networking S. 91-106

„… layer (ISO 11783-2) which specifies the maximum length of a CAN backbone (e.g. the primary CAN harness …” „… machine to machine communications for years – as proprietary solutions. The most common use-case for …” „… these proprietary systems is for the command and control of an adjacent machine – typically the position …”

J. L‘Heureux Four-Tracked Solution for Large Row Crop Tractors S. 305-310

„… tractor has been the primary machine form for agricultural applications. Economic and demographic …” „… compaction. While tracked tractors are becoming more prominent in the marketplace, existing machine forms …” „… in current machine forms and aftermarket solutions reveals that an optimal solution can be achieved …”

G. Bombarda, T. Maxeiner Remotely Controlled Electro-Hydraulics ready for the IoT S. 289-294

„… to a request of better performances and deeper collaboration with other parts and with machine user …” „… electrical connections are grouped in just one plug. Machine manufacturers, in this way, can simplify their …” „… mounting process and increase quality level of the complete machine. The one and only connector simplify …”

B. Oskarsson, E. Westergaard, T. H. Langer Optimization of tractor front loader for improved design freedom and increased operability S. 427-432

„… iti on Buck et p osit io n Chas sis In cli nat io n Boom /p re ss ure A Boom p re ss ur e B Buck …” „… et p re ss ur e B Pre ss ure o n 3rd fu nct io n Pum p pre ss ure LS p re ss ure Oil te m p …” „… , upper body kinematics and steering performance during heavy machine simulator driving,” International …”

H. Neurath, L. Frerichs Approach to reduce the complexity increase in development processes of mobile machines S. 265-272

„… Approach to reduce the complexity increase in development processes of mobile machines Hagen …” „… Neurath, Prof. Ludger Frerichs, Institute of Mobile Machines and Commercial Vehicles, Technische …” „… Universität Braunschweig Abstract For the last two decades the number of mobile machines with electric …”

M. Hinrichs, P. Pickel, R. Isermann Model-Based Chiptuning Detection of Diesel Engines S. 1-8

„… often used to improve the power of machines at the expense of manufacturers and the environment. Since …” „… the operation of tuned machines on public roads is an illegal activity in most countries and the …” „… manufacturer's warranty is lost, the number of tuned machines can only be estimated. For fear of fines or loss …”

M. Hammer, M. Steffan Modular Multi-Purpose Battery Storage System for complex compartments – New module design approach for maximzing benefits of work machines S. 391-400

„… volume than the energy storage unit (e.g. diesel tank), this is vice versa for electrified machines. As …” „… approach for maximzing benefits of work machines Dr.-Ing. Martin Hammer, Moritz Steffan, INVENOX GmbH …” „… , Garching Abstract For the market penetration of electrically operated machines, optimum utilisation …”

V. Stocklin, M. Zimmer Development of future machine concepts for the needsbased fertilisation of individual plants – The RAUCH MultiRate dosing system for pneumatic spreaders AERO GT and AERO X S. 447-454

„… Development of future machine concepts for the needsbased fertilisation of individual plants The …” „… used twin disc spreaders, pneumatic spreaders, sprayers and machines for subsoil fertilisation were …” „… machine concepts for small subarea or plant-individual delivery of nutrients. Plant adaptivity, area …”

T. Herlitzius, H. Fichtl, A. Grosa, M. Henke, M. Hengst Feldschwarm – Modular and Scalable Tillage Systems with Shared Autonomy S. 409-420

„… machine concepts can consist of a tractor with an intelligent and modular (tillage) unit and/or autonomous …” „… machines breaking with the traditional tractor – implement configuration supported by growing power …” „… to put pressure on farm businesses and machine manufacturers to re-organize the machine systems …”

C. Campanella, K. Huber, G. Monacelli, L. Ungaretti, M. D’Orazio, G. Scotto di vetta, M. Peruzzini, F. Grandi Ergonomic and compact armrest of agricultural tractors – Innovative methods to design an ergonomic armrest S. 243-252

„… acceleration) (i.e., Xsens MVN by Xsens); A human simulation software for virtualization of human-machine …” „… dashboard for trains or airplanes; it is fundamental for managing and properly setting the machine. For this …” „… of Ergonomics and Human Machine Interface (HMI) principles, shifting the focus from how a machine …”

A. Biswas, E. Eising SoilReader: A new in-situ multi-depth, multi-constituent, on-the-go precision soil analyzer S. 355-376

„… . Predictive models using partial least squared regression and 3 machine learning methods (Cubist, random …” „… forest, extreme learning machine) showed strong agreement (R2>0.9 in most cases for soil spectra …” „… bonds (e.g. OH-, CH-, NH-, and CO-) in the mid-infrared (MIR) region are detected in the vis-NIR region …”

T. Rudolph, T. Langer, P. Bolton Overcoming design challenges of electro-hydraulic steering systems – What really happened! S. 489-494

„… of agricultural machines. Electro-hydraulic steering systems however poses a challenge to the …” „… modern self-propelled agricultural machines. The most well-known utilization of electro-hydraulic …” „… only reason for farmers to invest in auto-guidance on their tractors and other agricultural machines …”

N. Schlingmann, V. Vandecaveye, C. Gossard, P. van der Vlugt, K. H. Rolf AEF – Partnership to develop open standard for cloud communication S. 63-68

„… Schlingmann, Agricultural Industry Electronics Foundation AEF e.V., Frankfurt; Ing. Vik Vandecaveye, CNH …” „… . Today Ag equipment is the major generator of agricultural data, and Ag machines require data to …” „… machines, financial data, and resources like seeds, chemicals and people. There are many external data …”

M. Ehrl, G. Happich Advanced On-board Electronics Architecture with Automotive Ethernet S. 107-112

„… beyond those, upcoming disruptive technologies like autonomous driving, machine learning or cognitive …” „… layers: drivetrain control, vehicle control and Human Machine Interface (HMI) & Connectivity. Fig …” „… design. It is obvious, that the traditional area of embedded machine control needs to be extended by …”

M. Bouten, T. Meinel, W. Kath-Petersen Development and utilization of a new application system for precise fertilizer placement in corn S. 513-520

„… dosing units and the type of drive vary depending on manufacturer, machine design and target market …” „… small machine types or in combination with a pneumatic conveying system for the outer rows. Simple and …” „… patent applications. Scheufler et al. have registered a combined distribution machine for the …”

X. Tian, A. Vacca, S. Fiorati, F. Pintore An Analysis of the Energy Consumption in the High-Pressure System of an Agricultural Tractor through Modeling and Experiment S. 9-18

„… an instrumented machine at Maha Fluid Power Research Center of Purdue University. The Purdue team has …” „… undergoing through a detailed modeling of the components based on the actual machine drawings and clearances …” „… reference machine. In the present work, the authors extended the model to the LS circuit that includes the …”

A. M. Moanţă, C. Bartolein, T. Riedel, S. Estel, C. Federle Generation of Digital Terrain Models from GNSS Data – Correction signal and working width-based evaluation S. 471-478

„… regarding the correct pesticide usage and application techniques (e.g. spray nozzles), the law also defines …” „… zones and will generate a machine-readable application map. Within the project different sources of …” „… , Dilution of Precision (DOP) parameters, and the type of correction signal (e.g. RTK, DGPS fix, GPS fix …”

M. J. Darr, M. M. Qasaimeh, C. J. Murphy, B. R. Covington, V. Fuchs, T. Schaefer, F. Pardina, B. Reddy, J. Petri, T. Fuege, J. Hinze High Definition Yield Maps for Precision Ag Decision Support S. 327-334

„… advantages in advanced crop management including reduced yield monitoring machine delay errors, improved …” „… width and crop processing delays within the machine, they are highly accurate on an absolute scale [2 …” „… monitor data was collected at 1Hz from the machine CAN bus. Yield data was time corrected to account for …”

M. Piechnick Multi-domain simulation of agricultural system solutions S. 281-288

„… , Aschaffenburg Abstract The development of modern agricultural devices and machines requires the linking …” „… machines makes it necessary to care for interdisciplinary system approaches and development methods based …” „… machines. A substantial number of simulation systems based on different technologies was developed. These …”

S. Braun, M. Trapp, C. Nass, M. Gerbershagen, S. Schweitzer, R. Falcao, M. Schweitzer, N. Wire Growing Smart Farming Services – How to get the best out of farming data S. 335-340

„… data catalogs (e.g., [1]) or canonical data models. The result is an overwhelming collection of data …” „… ’ domain and problem space needs to be very well understood. Data analytics and machine learning models …” „… for protected areas and integrating them into machine-readable intelligent application maps. The …”

G. L. Andersen, T. Kuennen CULTI CAM HD - Efficient Weed Control in Row Crops using Active Implement Steering and Stereo Camera S. 455-462

„… Camera System Engineer G. L. Andersen, CLAAS E-Systems Verw. GmbH, Nivaa, Denmark; Sales Manager T …” „… . Kuennen, CLAAS E-Systems, Germany Abstract Due to the restriction on herbicidal application and …” „… weed control, i.e. hoeing in row crops, requires information of the position of the individual plants …”

C. Rechberger, M. Trimmel, F.-F. Huber Hybrid-Disc-Plough – An energy saving plough concept for heavier soils S. 503-508

„… . ‐23% ‐4% 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 2,2 ms¯¹ 3 ms¯¹ Sp e ci fi c d ra ft r es is ta n ce in k N m …” „… J., Huber J., Karner J., Wagentristl H., Vincze M. (2019): Machine vision for soil roughness …” „… measurement and control on tillage machines at seedbed preparation. Soil and Tillage Research Vol. 195, pp …”

M. Mattetti, G. Molari, S. Fiorati, N. Lenzini Idling of agricultural tractors S. 311-318

„… , construction machines idle from 8 to 32 % of their entire operating period depending on the type of machine …” „… . Tractors might be let idling for negligence of drivers, but also a consequence of some activities (e …” „… measurements in uncontrolled conditions are required where the usage of each tractor subsystem (e.g. engine …”

S. Igl, G. Grommer, M. Auer, K. Grad Power Trains, Electric Drives and Mobile Hydraulics S. 135-144

„… systems (eTRAC). A consideration of market and system requirements, challenges and methods for finding …” „… the turning circle of the machine also push today’s powerful all-wheel tractors to their limits. On …” „… concept of electrified wheel or axle drives. Functional integration of the electrified travel drive (e …”

G. Pasch, G. Jacobs, G. Hopfner, J. Berroth Multi-Domain Simulation for the Assessment of the NVH Behaviour of a Tractor with Hydrostatic-Mechanical Power Split Transmission S. 19-28

„… ., Dr.-Ing. J. Berroth, Institute for Machine Elements and Systems Engineering, RWTH Aachen University …” „… machine-acoustic chain. The test bench measurements show the relevance of the operating point-dependent and …” „… . SpringerLink (Online service). In: Springer eBooks, 2009 [6] Rick, S.; Klein, J.; Wegerhoff, M.; Hameyer, K …”

S. Liljenberg, M. Frederiksen, T. H. Langer Methods to evaluate steering performance of agricultural tractors S. 29-34

„… effort (which normally is done subjectively by e.g. NASA-TLX), this paper presents how electrodermal …” „… better comfort and higher safety on agricultural machines [1,2,6], this not only poses a challenge for …” „… on danfoss.com for all details. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2361, 2019 33 Bibliography [1] E. Cavallo, E …”

C. Weltzien, R. R. Shamshiri SunBot: Autonomous Nursing Assistant for Emission-Free Berry Production, General Concepts and Framework S. 463-470

„… "energy supply", and Autonomous Work Process with WP "autonomous E-Tractor" and "security systems". This …” „… paper will cover the WP “Autonomous E-Tractor” only. 2. Concept development The first concept phase …” „… (steering, speed, brake, machine condition information) using CAN-BUS (proprietary protocol) and for data …”

R. Himmelsbach, J. Pohlenz, K. Grad eCVT for Tractors – Continuously Variable Driving and Electric Power for Implement Drives S. 127-134

„… eCVT for Tractors Continuously Variable Driving and Electric Power for Implement Drives …” „… knowledge, ZF has been working on electric powersplit continuously variable transmissions (eCVT) as they …” „… electrified drivetrain (eCVT) and an electric power take-off (ePTO) may present increased benefits for the …”

A. Lajunen Development of a tire-soil interaction model for agricultural tractors S. 47-56

„… there are some weaknesses e.g. the tread pattern of the tire has been neglected. However, the …” „… . VDI-Berichte Nr. 2361, 201954 Bibliography [1] Taheri, Sh., Sandu, C., Taheri, S., Pinto, E. and Gorsich, D …” „… ., Ezeama, A.O., Onwualu, A.P., Ugwua, S.N. and Ohagwu, C. J.: Overview of soil-machine interaction studies …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023617

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2018

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2018

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2328 2018

Results in this title

G. van Spijk, A. Klaassen, A. van der Leest, A. Brandsma, M. Tweehuysen CVT: dedicated to hybrid solutions – Setting the benchmark on all KPI’s

„… machine (e-machine). Fig. 3: Hybrid configurations pure ICEICE 48VxHEVEV New passenger cars incl …” „… optimized for this vehicle category (power, ratio’s, etc.) e-machines standardized as much as possible …” „… the upstream e-machine configurations (like P2), the total torque transfer, especially in low gear …”

D. Bauer, M. Alexander Loss-optimized design of a high performance electrical machine for electric and hybrid cars

„… Desired range: 500 km Investigated cycle: E.g. WLTP Two machines are compared within this example PSM …” „… - NVH models (e.g. for the sound power level of the machine) - Thermal models (e.g. for the continuous …” „… : Example of pareto-optimal designs High Performance E-Machine Using this highly automated tool chain as …”

B. Chamberlin, E. Gold HEV P2 module concepts for different transmission architectures clutch and e-motor options

„… . Within the P2 functional e-position, there are two primary different physical locations possible. This …” „… and E-motor Options Brad Chamberlin, BorgWarner Power Drive Systems, USA; Eckart Gold, BorgWarner …” „… Transmission Systems, Germany VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 2018 441 Figure 1: common nomenclature for HEV e …”

M. Werra, A. Ringleb, C. Sieg, F. Küçükay Thermal behavior of 48 V hybrid systems

„… . Mann, Volkswagen AG, Wolfsburg f E-Motor Electric machine design approaches for electrified …” „… topologies with various types of electric machines are simulated first and the performance of the electric …” „… machines is varied. Furthermore, legal cycles as well as Real Driving Emissions cycles and representative …”

G. Hellenbroich, I. Steinberg, J. Ogrzewalla Powershift capable 2-Speed Electric Drive Unit for Light – Commercial Vehicles with Short Time to Market

„… the electric machine and inverter are supposed to be “right-sized” (and not oversized in terms of …” „… time-to-market. Therefore, all main subsystems such as electric machine, inverter and dual clutch including …” „… for electric vehicles. The unit developed for the ZINORO 1E vehicle, commissioned by BMW AG for the …”

I. Andrasec, B. Jeitler AVL’s future hybrid X mode – A modular transmission family concept

„… includes only one e-machine and four to five multi-plate shift elements (depending on the LoE). Its core …” „… concept provides low hardware complexity and product cost consisting of only one e-machine, four …” „… e-machine is used for ICE load point shift, brake energy recuperation and shift support, among others [5 …”

L. Dedeleit, M. Ayeb, L. Brabetz Short circuit calculation of permanent magnet synchronous machines with comsol multiphysics

„… Short Circuit Calculation of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines with COMSOL Multiphysics …” „… Entwicklungsstadium zu bewerten. Abstract Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines (PMSM) represent the established …” „… failure, the machine is switched actively into the Symmetrical Short Circuit (SSC). In this state, the …”

C. Pelger, G. Jacobs, H.-D. Schneider Potentials of power-split CVTs for small mobile machines

„… small mobile machines Christian Pelger, M.Sc., Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Georg Jacobs, Institut für …” „… mobile Maschinen Potentials of power-split CVTs for small mobile machines Christian Pelger, M.Sc …” „… hocheffizienten, mechanischen Variatoren, welche insbesondere bei Fahrzeugen kleinerer Leistungsklas e ein großes …”

T. Gemassmer Approaches to increase efficiency and dynamics of ipmsm traction drives by optimization of control strategies

„… the general system equations of the permanent magnet synchronous machine, the focus is set on …” „… machines (PMSM) are widely used in modern electric vehicles. This is due to their high efficiency as well …” „… values far below the rated current of those machines. The result is a strongly nonlinear magnetic …”

H. Neurath, L. Frerichs Holistic method to find suitable drivetrain technology and architecture – How available information can be used to reduce development complexity

„… known drawbacks in this regard, electric drives are used in various machines (e.g. forklifts, dumpers …” „… account when developing mobile machines. This leads to an increasing complexity for developers and to the …” „… electrically driven machines to reduce emissions. However, until now electrical components have rarely found …”

M. Hofstetter, D. Lechleitner, M. Hirz, M. Gintzel, A. Schmidhofer Multi-objective gearbox design optimization for xEV-axle drives under consideration of package restrictions

„… eDrive system perspective, also including the electric machine and the power electronics [1]. Problem …” „… An electric powertrain - also known as an eDrive - consists of the electric machine, the gearbox and …” „… of electric machine, gearbox and power electronics, the requirements regarding performance, package …”

J. van der Meer, G. Hangen, J. Uhlig The new plug-in hybrid module as an addition to the AUDI S tronic gearbox family – Design, layout and manufacture

„… Plug-In Hybridmodul. Die Bezeichnung für das neueste Mitglied der Getriebefamilie heißt DL382E-7A. Damit …” „… E-Maschine wurde hierzu ein neues Fertigungsverfahren für die Serienanwendung weiterentwickelt, um dem …” „… for the latest member of the gearbox family is DL382E-7A. This marks the consistent expansion of …”

P. Maurel, N. Termenon, Philippe Kraemer, I. Sogoba Efficient hybrid clutch actuator

„… transmission piloted main clutch, with the different combinations of e-machines can be used to offer hybrid …” „… stop coasting and regenerative breaking functions. 48V e-machine, in P3 position, on a manual gearbox …” „… to transition from electric drive to thermal drive. A P0 e-machine coupled with another one P4 …”

T. Högnäs, G. Beldie 48 volt torque vectoring electric rear drive module (eRDM) – Excellent driving dynamics with significant CO2 savings

„… 48 Volt Torque Vectoring Electric Rear Drive Module (eRDM) Excellent driving dynamics with …” „… mass and low efficiency and implicitly negative impact on fuel economy and CO2. The eRDM showcases the …” „… architecture with modular functionality while preserving the base mechanical differential. The eRDM showcases …”

A. Schmidt, H.-P. Fleischmann Enhancement of a dual clutch transmission kit – AUDI S tronic – Version for All-Wheel Drive, Increase of Torque and HV Electrification

„… Anforderungen stellte dabei das Package, was durch die intelligente Anordnung der 122 mm langen E-Maschine mit …” „… bauraumeffizient innerhalb des Rotors der E-Maschine positioniert. Der Baukastengedanke kommt wiederum bei der …” „… combustion engine are positioned inside the electric machine rotor, to optimize installation space. The …”

M. Paal, K. Graner Electrical drives in mobile machines – Current trends & drivers, resulting requirements and considerations on their implementation

„… Electrical Drives in mobile machines Current trends & drivers, resulting requirements and …” „… Ableitung von Auslegungsparametern für diese E-Motoren aufgezeigt. Als Ausblick stellen die Autoren anhand …” „… construction machines at a certain point in time must be capable of operating in a mode best described as …”

K.-P. Fritsch Industry 4.0 in the automatic transmission production

„… machining in order to counteract the flood of business trips and e-mail inquiries. On the one hand, machine …” „… information and communication technology. This makes modern production possible in which people, machines …” „… "). With Big Data Analytics, forecasts can be created to derive recommendations for action, e.g. as …”

R. Heckmann Fully automated EOL E-drive testing – Automation and modularity for efficient testing solutions

„… Fully automated EOL E-Drive Testing Automation and modularity for efficient testing solutions …” „… E-Antriebe stellen für die automatisierte EOL-Prüfung eine Herausforderung dar. Dienten Prüfstände früher in …” „… Prüfstände für E-Antriebe heute u. a. vielfältige Kalibrierungs- und Testfunktionen. Neben den mechanischen …”

R. Bredtmann, M. Beck, O. Mühlfeld, K. Olesen, O. Shajarati Robust multi-chip power module for effective integration to automotive powertrains – Danfoss DCM™1000 meets future automotive requirements

„… ) Hybridized gearboxes, whereas electrical machines, mechanical parts, controls and traction inverter are integrated Core element of every traction frequency inverter is a semiconductor …” „… kept apart in the past. Merging inverter, electric machine and gearbox in a single housing can cause increased mechanical and thermal stress and more critical packaging requirements. In …” „… , challenging the involved bonding- and joining technology. With a standard approach, e.g. aluminum bond wire …”

J.-E. Moseberg, J. Kohlhoff, S. Hekeler Electric all-wheel drive: enhancing vehicle dynamics and driving safety by wheel-individual torque distribution – How to make use of the over-actuation of electrified vehicles

„… distribution How to make use of the over-actuation of electrified vehicles Dr.-Ing. J.-E. Moseberg …” „… involves an additional human-machine interface allowing the driver to intuitively adjust the vehicle …” „… technical constraints, e.g. the maximum torques of the drive units. In doing so, only the correlations …”

B. Arnold, B. Lecointre Shift simulator for shift feel and quality development of manual transmissions

„… . VDI-Berichte Nr. 2328, 2018 425 Abstract The shift knob as a human-machine-interface (HMI) connects the …” „… is used by Opel i.e. for ergonomic studies, demonstration of static and dynamic shifts as well as …” „… conventional technologies e.g. manual transmissions. Manual transmissions will still play a major role in the …”

A. Dietrich, H. Klampfl “Friction Stir Welding” – Lightweight through manufacturing technology – The path from a concept to revolutionary gearbox manufacturing

„… the joint, the next phase of the process (infeed phase) can begin. Now, the welding machine follows …” „… 90°) from the longitudinal (e.g. propeller shaft) to the transversal direction (figure 3). The …” „… central machine element, which transmits the torque and provides the desired gear ratio, is a hypoid …”

W. van Harselaar, M. Brouwer, T. Hofman A generic transmission model for hybrid electric drives – Integration of the dynamic behavior of all conventional-, electric-, and hybrid-transmission mode types in a single model

„… combustion engine with multiple electric machines are considered. To evaluate a drivetrain design over a …” „… on the drivetrain topology, and can determine, e.g., the torque split. The outputs of the …” „… up to two electric machines (EMs). The developed generic transmission model needs parameters to …”

C. Körtgen, G. Morandi, G. Jacobs, Achim Kramer Efficient development by means of automated calibration of tractor control units

„… . Christopher Körtgen, Institute for Machine Elements and Systems Engineering of RWTH Aachen University (MSE …” „… repeated for every significant change of the drive train (e.g. introduction of a new engine generation …”

U. Reichert, F. Busch, S. Ott, K. Bause Potential of lightweight design of a vehicle transmission by usage of high strength steels

„… massive formed components, e.g. shafts and gear wheels. Therefore, different transmissions are chosen as …” „… dual clutch transmission of a passenger car (DCT), e-CVT hybrid transmission of a passenger car …” „… (e-CVT) and 12-speed truck transmission (AT). 2. Reference transmissions The topologies of the …”

A. Viehmann, R. König, S. Rinderknecht Investigation of gear shifts in a parallel-series hybrid powertrain with dog clutches in a demonstrator vehicle (two-drive-transmission with range-extender, DE-REX)

„… shift in electric driving mode with both machines (E2C11C21 to E2C12C21). Torque fill-in reduced to 50 …” „… , „Permanent magnet synchronous machine design for hybrid electric cars with double e-motor and range extender …” „… Systems in Mechanical Engineering (IMS), TU Darmstadt Kurzfassung Der „Doppel-E …”

R. Savelsberg, P. Griefnow, G. Birmes, A. Sehr Advanced powertrain functions of 48 V hybrid vehicles – Efficient powertrains does not exclude driving pleasure

„… Zusatzverdichter (eV) mit einer elektrischen Leistung von bis zu 6,5 kW eingesetzt, um die Dynamik der Aufladung …” „… (LFP) technology and a 3 kW bidirectional DC/DC converter. The 12.5 kW electric machine is integrated …” „… heater Vacuum pump e-Clutch ABS/ESP Electrical power steering iBooster Engine cooling fan Windshield …”

T. Smejkal, C. Wirth Innovative transmission topologies using the example of a P2-hybridtransmission for front-transverse applications

„… instead of a conventional torque converter. Around the stator of the e-machine, a cooling jacket, which …” „… Hybridvariante als P2-Struktur, auch bei Entfall des Drehmomentwandlers, nur für kleine E- Maschinen darstellen …” „… desired P2-hybrid variant is only implementable for small electric machines, even when replacing the …”

R. Buchberger, O. Grieshofer, K. Puchner, R. Sereinig System optimization of electric drives in terms of lightweight design, acoustics and efficiency by means of modern transmission simulation methods

„… structure borne noise has been developed and successfully used for MPT's eDrive developments. For …” „… eDrive system together with e-motor and inverter. The paper shall show the approaches developed and …” „… incorporated by MPT based on highly efficient eDrive projects that also fulfill acoustic and lightweight …”

D. Güth, J. Haupt, T. Gassmann Seamless-shift two-speed eAxle with torque vectoring

„… Seamless-Shift Two-Speed eAxle with Torque Vectoring Lastschaltfähige Zweigang-eAchse mit …” „… Driveline hat diese Trend aufgegriffen und mit dem eTwinsterX ein neuartiges, sehr kompakt bauendes …” „… und rekuperiert werden kann. Insbesondere ist mit der Zweigängigkeit auch der Betrieb des eMotors im …”

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