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Nikola Aulig - Generic Topology Optimization Based on Local State Features

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Nikola Aulig

Generic Topology Optimization Based on Local State Features

Series: Rechnerunterstützte Verfahren

Volume 468 2017

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Topology Optimization of Crashworthiness Objectives S. 121-149

„… transversal bending crash load. Subsequently, the same algorithm is addressed to optimize the thickness …” „… distribution of a 3-dimensional thin-walled frame structure in Sec. 6.3. The objective function is changed to …” „… using 124 6 Topology Optimization of Crashworthiness Objectives Equivalent Static Loads (ESL). ESL …”

Fundamentals S. 8-28

„… ., trusses in a truss structure. In contrast, continuum topology optimization calculates the distribution of …” „… distribution at point x in the design space (or design domain) Ω, F (ρ,u(ρ)) is the objective function, u(ρ) is …” „… approach. The material distribution is defined by a microstructure formed by rotatable unit cells with …”

Theory S. 155-160

„… , i = 1, . . . , N , with stiffness matrix K, displacement field u and load vector l. The sensitivity …” „… u+K ∂u ∂ρi − ∂l ∂ρi ) . Since the load is independent of the design, i.e. ∂l∂ρi = 0, we rearrange: ∂c …” „… determined with a virtual load vector lt that is unity at index t and zero otherwise. For the sensitivity …”

Bibliography S. 177-202

„… . Towards multiobjective topology optimization of structures subject to crash and static load cases. In …” „… structures for crash and static loads. In 14th LS-DYNA International Conference, Dearborn, MI, USA, June 2016 …” „… , 1999. [28] Bendsøe, M. Optimal shape design as a material distribution problem. Structural optimization …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… TOPS-PCM, shown for the best and the mean run. . . . . . 141 6.12 Optimized thickness distribution of the …” „… mesh E Material Young’s modulus p Penalization coefficient c Compliance l Load vector K Stiffness …” „… distribution σ Standard deviation of normal distribution, global step size σ Vector of strategy parameters z …”

Topology Optimization by Predicting Sensitivities S. 48-83

„… estimation of distribution approaches [80, 106]. However, these approaches directly model the objective 4.1 …” „… Generic Update-Signal Model 55 function, or the distribution of favourable solutions in the space of …” „… , since the high number of variables in topology optimization renders the learning of distributions or …”

Studies on the Minimum Compliance Problem S. 84-120

„… parameters for the test case are given in Tab. 5.1 unless otherwise specified. The load l is the non-zero …” „… component of the load vector l at the index of the centre node along the right edge of the design space. The …” „… density. The elemental stiffness matrix K0 is given in App. A.3. A homogenous distribution of material (ρi …”

Introduction S. 1-7

„… layout and geometric connectivity of the structure, i.e. to find the optimum distribution of material and …” „… to improve the efficiency of components that undergo extreme loads in crash scenarios. The non-linear …”

Structure Representations for Evolutionary Computation S. 29-47

„… locations, where the structure interacts with boundary conditions such as loads and supports, by Bézier …” „… variable-thickness beams, realized by a cubic thickness distribution around a centre line, respectively. Furthermore …” „… , other than fixed support and load nodes, are optimized and the triangulated mesh edges are decoded into …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186468208

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wt Werkstattstechnik online

Browse Volumes: wt Werkstattstechnik online

wt Volume 110 (2020) Issue 05 ISSN Online: 1436-4980

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Christian Brecher, Thomas Frenken, Gabriel Axelrad, Stephan Neus Lastverteilung in Planetenrollengewindetrieben/Description of the load distribution in planetary roller screws S. 322-327

„… Steifigkeit und der Ermüdungslebensdauer benötigt. Description of the load distribution in planetary roller …” „… methods to describe the load distribution within the planetary roller screw were developed in this step …” „… . doi.org/10.1115/1.4033159 [4] Abevi, F.; Daidie, A.; Chaussumier, M.; Sartor, M.: Static Load Distribution …”

doi.org/10.37544/1436-4980-2020-05

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Plastics in Automotive Engineering PIAE EUROPE

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Plastics in Automotive Engineering PIAE EUROPE

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2343 2019

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M. Gross, M. Oehm, M. Richter, G. Oberhofer Integrative crash simulation of short- fiber-reinforced thermoplastics (SFRT) – Investigation of phenomenologically based material modeling S. 97-114

„… , MATFEM Partnerschaft, Dr. Gese und Oberhofer, Munich Keywords: Mold injection, fiber distribution …” „… material properties are highly dependent on the local fiber distribution and the markedness of anisotropy …” „… closed to ideally aligned fibers. To account for the difference in the local fiber distribution, the …”

W. Kornsteiner, F. Lim, H. Heitkamp, H. Traut Optimized MuCell design with FEA support of a crash-relevant functional part with high requirements for surface quality S. 553-566

„… eliminates sink marks. A direct result of the uniform VDI-Berichte Nr. 2343, 2019 553 pressure distribution …” „… requirements. Fig. 3: Comparative strain at a horizontal load of 190 N (most critical load case …” „… ) VDI-Berichte Nr. 2343, 2019558 Fig. 4: Comparative strain at a horizontal load of 190 N (most critical load …”

S. Glaser, A. Wonisch, D. Fertig Thermomechanical simulation of glass-fiber-reinforced plastic components with Ultrasim® S. 115-132

„… and quality requirements, but are often exposed to high mechanical loads and great temperature …” „… the point when the component fails, since the mechanical load-bearing capacity also depends …” „… distribution in the component is calculated as a further intermediate step by means of a thermal analysis in …”

M. Trenktrog, C. Massonet, J. Ludwig, D. Backes Design and validation of functionally integrated interior components for energy-efficient vehicle cabin heating S. 233-254

„… heating measures. This additional load on the high-voltage accumulator results in a reduced range for the …” „… the load case, can fall to less than half of the original range. The fact that air, once heated …” „… depending on load conditions. In addition, the highly localized air intakes within the limited volume of …”

C. Gundlach, S. Hartwig, M. Mannig, K. Dilger, M. Menzel, P. Lück Application of a hybrid test specimen for designing potting compounds in automotive electric-drive motors S. 201-216

„… loads upon the material in the component, the sooner weaknesses in the development process can be …” „… profile; in other words, without introducing a separate mechanical load from outside into the test …” „… and cooling rate. A specific heat distribution arises in the test specimens, which in turn influences …”

J. Beck, S. Hofmann, R. Kupfer, A. Liebsch, M. Gude Multi-material design for automotive large-scale production – Fiber-composite hollow sections and injection-molding node structures in a single process S. 151-162

„… already be known. Fig. 7 shows the temperature distribution at the cavity surface of the lower tool …” „… insert after 5 seconds heating time. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2343, 2019 157 Fig. 7: Temperature distribution …” „… [Integration of load-introduction elements compatible with fiber composites: lightweight structures made of …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023433

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Dritev – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2020

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Dritev – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2020

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2373 2020

Results in this title

T. Casper, G. Spengler, M. Bromberger The high-efficiency fully electric drivetrain of the new Porsche Taycan

„… also be applied to the front axle due to the low center of gravity and the almost even axle load …” „… distribution. This means that the installation space for a drive unit on the front axle had to be optimally …” „… tangential force diagram, which is explained in more detail below. The tangential force distribution diagram …”

K. Sabzewari, M. Vieracker, J. Sagstetter Cost efficient PHEV powertrain solution based on dedicated hybrid transmission – Cost efficiency for small and mid-size plug in hybrid vehicle

„… defined transmission ratio. The ICE and SG can be decoupled from the drivetrain by the sliding 1 Load …” „… Gear engagement 5 Load transfer to ICE Shifting Procedure ICE Speed Torque * 1 2 3 4 5 Torque control …” „… control unit, PDU: Power Distribution Unit HV battery DC/DC Conv. 12 Volt battery Onboard charger …”

D. Vietze, M. Hein, K. Stahl Method for a cloud based remaining-service-life-prediction for vehicle-gearboxes based on big-data-analysis and machine learning

„… with the dimensioning of gears according to the expected loads and the required service-life …” „… world are working on increasing the load carrying capacity and the reliability of high performance gears …” „… in vehicle transmissions are dimensioned in a way that they only can withstand the operational load …”

F. Völkel, M. Tietz, A. Schamin, S. Giehl Rolling into the future – Bearing solutions for electric mobility

„… bearings and high-speed roller bearings are needed, particularly when high loads have to be transferred …” „… first component to reach its limits in terms of load and/or deformation. Fig. 3 illustrates the impact …” „… 1.3 cage vs. HSMB 2.0 cage 2.2. The High-Speed Cylindrical Roller Bearing In most cases, the load …”

P. Tenberge, A. Alnahlaui E-drive and hybrid-drive with 2 high-speed E-motors and a 2-speed gearbox

„… small distribution vehicles a drivetrain with only one basic unit is sufficient. Slightly larger and …” „… gearsets the noise excitations arise from the mesh impacts of the elastically deformed teeth under load …” „… and sheared under locally high contact loads, which reach up to 1600 MPa in the contacts of the ring …”

P. Ramminger, R. Jäger Evolution of the drivetrain and high voltage system in the new Corsa-e

„… final distribution including intelligent load managements are subject to technical and scientific …” „… WLTP, further optimized road-load for motorway driving and DCFC charging up to 100 kW peak, the car …” „… development, e.g. regarding generation of energy from renewable sources, distribution, storage and power-to-x …”

S. Reuter, H. De Keyser, M. Doppelbauer Performance study of a PMSM with molded stator and composite housing With internal slot cooling – resulting in high continuous power

„… fluid is on the same side of the motor. The distribution to the cooling channels is done with two ring …” „… performances as economically. 2. Benefits and challenges of the slot cooling The distribution of the losses …” „… current displacement the distribution for every wire is very inhomogeneous, with the highest losses in …”

D. Kieninger, J. Hemsen, G. Witham The highly integrated ModulED drive module – Holistic concept design

„… serve as input. The transmission load collectives, relevant for the service life and efficiency …” „… , gearing variants are formed and the load carrying capacity is verified (C). A macro geometry variant is …” „… individual components for which data and load conditions are now known (F). Each of these design steps in …”

P. Ramet Dedicated hybrid transmissions (DHT) by PUNCH Powerglide – Innovative concepts for optimized DHT in terms of efficiency, cost and packaging

„… disengagement of the dog clutch is managed by adjusting the torque distribution between the combustion engine …” „… be selected as followed: - Through Serial Hybrid mode, using one single machine, for part load …” „… conditions - Through Parallel Hybrid mode, using both machines, for full load conditions Through Serial …”

S. Worrall, J. Foulsham, I. Stone, T. Gassmann CeDrive – Electric drive technology for a new era – Advanced cooling and control of high-speed eDrive

„… process the final design provides a much better stress distribution, with the ribs sharing the load more …” „… optimisation of the lamination design. The max principal stress for the 3 load cases ½ max speed, 1x max speed …” „… on (Fig. 11). Fig. 11: Base plate temperature distribution with (right) and w/o (left) vapor …”

C. Danzer, T. Voigt, A. Forell, M. Sens, E. Schreiterer, R. Kockisch, J. Müller, E. Schneider The systematic way to your sustainable powertrain platform – holistic and customizable – Systematical methods to investigate mobility scenarios of tomorrow

„… distributions, in order to take account of the production prediction for 2030 and also to view 100 % or mixed …” „… ) includes a segment-specific distribution of the powertrain types with all information about CO2, primary …” „… Fig. 4 as well as the vehicle-specific distribution. The results show that the pure ICE powertrain …”

A. Riegauf Transferability of economic electrification concepts in heavy goods traffic to mobile machinery

„… ● Application scenario: Distribution transport ● Vehicle weight: 7,5t – 18t ● Project start: September 2017 LiVe …” „… Image source: Siemens Life cycle cost reduction in electrical distribution traffic through catenary …” „… distribution transport by means of an adaptable drivetrain L I V E + Transferability of economic electrifi …”

P. Lück, K. Bennewitz, J. Tousen, J. Peter The front-axle drive of the MEB – Volkswagen expands the e-drive portfolio

„… 35°C even under high loads or low ambient temperatures. Cell module controllers and a central …” „… interior between the axles. They also enable a weight distribution of almost 50 percent per axle. In …” „… , since this influences the overall road load, including during pure rear-wheel drive (two-wheel drive …”

B. Pohle, M. Clauß, J. R. Schwarz, E. Schwiederik, D. Lasuen Design optimization of battery systems by multiphysics simulation

„… battery requires the definition of two load cases. While a standard battery cell requires only one load …” „… cell is shown at Figure 5.Our simulations are related to the second load case. This case is relevant …” „… collector). The results of electrical simulation from load case two is shown on Figure 7. The figure shows …”

M. Deiml High speed electric drive system – A solution for the next generation E-cars

„… lead to an inhomogeneous current density distribution in the wires and result in increased Joule …” „… efficiency in low to medium load conditions, due to low copper temperatures. There is no rotor cooling …” „… increase the transverse contact ratio. A lower pressure angle leads to a lower tooth load capacity and …”

S. Rothe, B. Schröder, G. Lührs Coupled topology optimization of an electric drive

„… . In general with the help of topology optimization an optimal material distribution in a given design …” „… are the continuous material distributions and their transformation to a producible geometry. During …” „… the design process high attention is paid to the optimal distribution of high-priced magnet material …”

A. Esser, T. Eichenlaub, S. Rinderknecht Real-driving-based comparison of the eco-impact of powertrain concepts using a data-driven optimization environment

„… points) to achieve the desired range. Therefore, the distribution of trip distances, shown in Fig. 3 for …” „… between 120 and 170 km despite the relatively small number of these trips. Fig. 3: Distribution of trips …” „… pool-vehicle profile. To consider the distance distribution within our model, we assign the available driving …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023730

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Commercial Vehicles 2019

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Commercial Vehicles 2019

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2350 2019

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J. Hintereder, S. Sattler, U. Gunzert Development of a disruptive semitrailer tractor in light-weight construction S. 45-60

„… axle-load distribution, the driveline was moved backwards and downwards so that the cooling air-flow can …” „… moment distribution of the frame, and are therefore predominantly oriented to the load and axle load …” „… basis for new designs. Such data include rigidity values such as deformations under standardised load …”

G. Nitzsche, S. Wagner, N. Belov helyOS – Highly Efficient Online Yard Operating System S. 329-338

„… capabilities and features of helyOS and introduces an exemplary user interface for distribution centres …” „… automated driving in distribution centres. However, the vehicle shall also be homologated for driving with …” „… the parking area, when entering the distribution centre, see Fig. 1. After the driver has left the …”

G. Nitzsche, J. Engasser, P. Mentink AEROFLEX – Advanced Energy Management in Distributed Powertrains S. 281-292

„… describe the powertrain’s structure and the idea of the torque distribution among the different powertrains …” „… concept and torque demand and distribution, another section will focus on the first simulations regarding …” „… trailer 74 ton EMS vehicle. Directive EC96/53 requests a minimum load on driven axles of 25%. One driven …”

W. Schmitt, P. Huse, R. Koehnsen A new chassis-concept for electrified, light commercial vehicles based on innovative forming technologies S. 61-72

„… case of a side crash. Accordingly, the article combines two main aspects of innovation: a new load …” „… intelligent load adapted lightweight structure as it can be adopted from nature. In this case topology …” „… optimization is an established tool within product development in order to reach load adapted structures with …”

G. Schünemann The eTrailer – Intelligent hybridization for heavy duty commercial vehicles – Electric drive installed in a semi-trailer and integrated in the truck & trailer overall brake system control leading to s... S. 87-98

„… electrical motor in the trailer), as well as its absolute performance and the current load, by means of …” „… vehicle via the current load. In such a case, the wear-free endurance brakes in the towing vehicle or the …” „… and altitude of the VECTO short-haul distribution reference cycle The simulation for a 40t full …”

K. Kunz Increasing transport efficiency through digitalisation of trailers S. 313-328

„… . by reducing empty trips of trailers and the optimisation of their load capacity. Due to the …” „… appropriate digital information on the location, load condition, wear behaviour, etc.. 2.3 …” „… are loaded and which ones are free. The distribution is visualized in the Telematics Portal with …”

C. Asbach, A. Maria Todea, H. Kaminski, M. Zessinger Emissions during braking S. 259-268

„… concentrations and size distributions measured with direct reading instruments. Secondly, particles are …” „… concentration as well as their size distributions. A condensation particle counter (CPC; TSI, model 3776) is …” „… size distributions of the released particles are measured with a combination of a Fast Mobility …”

D. Vorgerd The Mercedes-Benz eCitaro – A modular concept for sustainable electro mobility in city bus operations S. 9-18

„… modifications were necessary considering the higher load of the battery mass. The battery packs and relevant …” „… technological components are situated on the roof and in the rear allowing for optimum weight distribution …” „… the current number of passengers. The utilisation rate of the bus is calculated via the axle load …”

M. Greule, Y. Stoermer Application of a universal simulation environment for deriving specification premises of commercial vehicles with alternative and conventional drive trains S. 187-198

„… currently in discussion can be analysed. The powertrain components and loads are mostly defined by their …” „… [% ] SoC-distribution 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 time [h] 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 So C [% ] SoC [%] VDI-Berichte Nr. 2350 …”

G. Milton, H.-M. Koegeler, R. Varnhagen Validating the fuel consumption of trucks featuring a dynamic electronic horizon in real world traffic: methods and results S. 149-174

„… not generate much load on the CAN bus, up to 10 - 50 messages per second, depending on the …” „… ‘heavy traffic’ (red). The distributions are clearly different, with bias toward higher power demands …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023501

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