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VDI Wissensforum GmbH - PIAE EUROPE 2021

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

PIAE EUROPE 2021

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2385 2021

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S. Jana, F. Ehrhart, M. Bromberger The History of Integrative Simulation from Laboratories to all Designers’ Desktops S. 113-128

„… optimization, part design, manufacturability assessment with injection molding simulation, process dependent …” „… the manner the fibers align during the injection molding process. Modern optimization methods support …” „… based on load analysis, manufacturability checks, material response, and process optimization. It …”

L. Reifenstein, B. Nießen BAGS: Highly-integrated front-end module carrier S. 9-18

„… Architecture development Further product and process optimizations Platform achievements Outlook 3 …” „… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2385, 2021 15 7. Further product and process optimizations The BAGS approach first chosen by …” „… cooling air Seal efficiency Global assembly processes Pedestrian protection Water management …”

A. Schmitz The all-new MAN high-roof cab – epoxy sandwich RTM – simulated using FEM and crashed under real conditions S. 61-74

„… the cab shell - Cost optimization - Maximum storage space BID (best in dimension) - Maximum …” „… - Improvement of the cw value - Optimization of weight (-10% compared to the predecessor) - Optimization of …” „… RTM process The structure of the high roof in epoxy sandwich technology is shown in Fig. 5 with the …”

A. Keränen, T. Wuori, J. Asikkala, E. Garcia Biosca, A. Benndorf Polypropylene films and injection-molding resins for In-Mold Structural Electronics (IMSE®) S. 213-224

„… statistics and experimental status of some of the materials and the early status of process optimizations …” „… batteries. Repsol's chemicals business is committed to greater efficiency in industrial processes geared …” „… plastics. Core manufacturing processes are printing, surface mounting, forming and film-insert molding …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-X

„… high roof: FEM calculated and real crash undergone • Ford front end: architecture optimization through …” „… : future requirements l Plastics as enablers for mobility concepts l Production processes and quality …” „… assurance l Simulation and process technology l Material innovations and lightweight design Top topics …”

A. Wüst, T. Metzner Development of an energy-absorbing structural element made of polyamide integrated in the plastic front-end carrier of the new Mercedes S-Class S. 1-4

„… a crash-optimized front-end carrier made of short-glass-fiber-reinforced polyamide. Optimization …” „… injection-molding process was always ensured by accompanying rheological filling studies. Validation and …”

R. Holschuh, T. Bayerl Shaping the future of electromobility with holistic plastic solutions S. 185-198

„… to combustion vehicles (ICE), this process of optimizing electromobility is currently proving to be …” „… degradation processes it can be assumed that plastics generally do not withstand these temperatures, even …” „… product. Today's approval processes refer to component testing, described, for example, in UN ECE 100 or …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023853

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - International Conference on Gears 2017

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

International Conference on Gears 2017

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2294 2017

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J. Yu, L. Yao, C. Ren, X. Yan, L. Lin Design and experimental validation on a novel tow speed transmission for electric bus S. 97-108

„… transient gear ratio during the gear shifting process. 2.3 The gear ratios optimization for the SDAT …” „… the optimization process, the weight ratios method was adopted to obtain the dynamic performance …” „… principle and ratios optimization for the SDAT system 2.1 The structure of the proposed SDAT system As …”

P. Garambois, E. Rigaud, J. Perret-Liaudet Robust optimization of gear macro and micro-geometries in order to minimize static transmission error and gear stiffness fluctuations S. 927-938

„… process. The optimization is performed using a genetic algorithm that tests a lot of different gears. The …” „… meshing process. The optimization is carried out by a genetic algorithm named NSGA-II. It is based on the …” „… optimization process leads us to a set of gears with mste values between 0.5 and 2.5 μm and mk values between …”

R. Müller, L. Schirmer New tolerance concepts for the realization of steel-only worm gears S. 467-478

„… in mind, a product and process analysis is done. Process and product optimization aim at …” „… additionally by an adaption of commissioning processes. Different tolerance management methods, e.g. Key …” „… . In addition, the production process chain must be modified. This means either the introduction of …”

B. Schlecht, T. Schulze, K. Riedel Tooth contact analysis under load on double helical-geared planetary gearboxes S. 83-96

„… optimization process is more effective. Parametric FE models can be used to analyze the influence of macro …” „… the given requirements. The optimization process should always focus on changes in design and macro …” „… calculation process shall be used to investigate the behavior of double helical gears that do not occur on …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, J. Brimmers Potential of free flank modifications for beveloid gears S. 553-564

„… geometry the conjugate flank cannot be manufactured with standard manufacturing processes. Standard …” „… gears regarding the operational behavior. After a brief overview on existing geometry optimization …” „… hyperbolic body and thus, cannot be manufactured with standard processes, in contrast to the involute …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVII

„… I- B er ic ht e 22 94 .1VDI-Society for Product and Process Design VDI-Berichte 2294.1 VDI-Society …” „… for Product and Process Design International Conference on Gears 2017 International Conference on …” „… (TUM), Garching (near Munich), Germany VDI-Society for Product and Process Design © VDI Verlag GmbH …”

D. Strasser, S. Troll, R. Sperlich, J. Münch Reliability safeguarding for an 8 MW wind energy gearbox in serial production – Prototype and process development ensuring stable quality at the highest level S. 1085-1100

„… , 20171096 Fig. 13: Process optimization with focus on reliability This tool enables a systematic …” „… process development ensuring stable quality at the highest level Dr.-Ing. Dirk Strasser, Dipl.-Ing …” „… combined with several tolerance chain analyses contributed to verify stable processes. A short outlook is …”

M. Brumm, H. Müller Cyber physical gear production system – Vision of industry 4.0 gear production S. 1209-1218

„… process optimization and operator support. The main goal of the new system is quality optimization and …” „… analysis is also needed for quality improvements, process optimization, tool life analysis and continuous …” „… cylindrical gear manufacturing processes are far away from principles of industry 4.0. Fig. 1 …”

P. Kauffmann, P. Schäflein, V. Heuer PM technology for the future powertrain S. 1289-1298

„… with optimization of the whole production process. This approach is used for rethinking manufacturing …” „… efficient solution for high strength and high precision powertrain applications. Material and processes …” „… density & lifetime and packaging efficiency. Powder Metal Process Chain Component quality is a …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, M. Schroers, T. Frech, P. Scholzen Optimization of NVH behavior of gears by alternative gear materials S. 539-552

„… Optimization of NVH-Behavior of Gears by Alternative Gear Materials Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Brecher …” „… Aachen Abstract The process chain of alternative gear materials offers advantages in material and …” „… energy consumption when compared to conventional milling processes. According to STREHL, the shortening …”

A. L. Kapelevich, Y. V. Shekhtman Root fillet optimization of thin rim planet gears with asymmetric teeth S. 741-750

„… fillet profile, located on the form diameter circles, cannot be moved during the optimization process …” „… further reduced, the optimization process stops. The optimized fillet profile provides even stress …” „… Root Fillet Optimization of Thin Rim Planet Gears with Asymmetric Teeth Dr. Alex L. Kapelevich …”

Z. Roth, J. Opferkuch High load capacity gear root fillet contour with a bézier curve S. 719-732

„… gear root safety. Due to the multitude of combinations the optimization occurs with the help of an …” „… in-house software program, which is iteratively based upon the Finite Element Method. The optimization of …” „… of the tooth tip with the root of the opposing gear must not be ignored if this process is chosen …”

B. Kianian, C. Andersson Sustainability-conscious Powder Metallurgy gear manufacturing – An analysis of current manufacturing challenges S. 1251-1264

„… could be reduced by optimizations in gear design and operational processes. For example, in sintering …” „… e.g. in-depth business case studies, component testing, rolling process optimization, hardness profile …” „… Sustainable Production, sustainable production utilizes processes and systems, in their product and service …”

S. Stoyanov, V. Dobrev, A. Dobreva Investigating dynamic behavior of planetary gear trains through the systematic approach S. 197-208

„… during the assembly process of the components. The distribution of the loading between the planetary …” „… products. A very important approach to reduce the design and manufacturing process is the application of …” „… design process. Vibration-induced gear noise and dynamic loads remain very important problems in many …”

J. Fechler, M. Böhm, S. Aberle, V. Merz A contribution to the NVH behavior of plastic gears in automotive applications S. 1531-1540

„… analysis and process optimization. Figure 8 shows the modulation spectrogram of an OK plastic worm gear …” „… element simulation model is the basis of this optimization. It was initially developed to understand the …” „… the nominal load. Very often the acoustic optimization of a gear set has its biggest effect in a …”

A. Carbonelli, J.-Y. Guerder Computing and minimizing the whining noise – Application to a bogie gearbox S. 517-526

„… meshing process is usually the main excitation source in gearboxes. Indeed, it is commonly assumed that …” „… of vibrations induced by the meshing process. For this reason, a gearbox is an important source of …” „… generation process STE fluctuations need to be minimized by introducing voluntary tooth micro-geometrical …”

B. Winter Production cells in transition S. 1247-1250

„… optimization of all components within the production-cells. This includes the main processes itself with tools …” „… cycle-times of each operation should be well balanced. For that it is essential to improve each process and …” „… . 2294, 2017 1247 process stability of all operations, especially if a high degree of automation is used …”

M. McCormick, J. Michaud Isotropic superfinishing of high hardness steels – How using a custom REM ISF® process as a quality control, defect remediation, and isotropic superfinishing procedure can increase the performance of... S. 163-172

„… Isotropic Superfinishing of High Hardness Steels How using a custom REM ISF® Process as a quality …” „… , it is important to optimize the manufacturing process and develop effective quality control …” „… the complexity of the manufacturing process, or, at least, a necessary conversion from some prior …”

B. Leupold, V. Janzen, G. Kotthoff, D. Eichholz Validation approach of PM gears for eDrive applications S. 119-130

„… recent years, a strong move from basic research on process simulation [5] - [7] and performance data …” „… ] could be observed. This paper gives an overview on the described process technologies and the …” „… . PM Process routings Compared to the standard PM process routings for gear production, only routings …”

Y. Shen, S. Rinderknecht, M. Hoppert General modelling method of power losses in transmission with parameter identification S. 905-916

„… , the identified parameters indicate the optimization potential of the component losses for …” „… (electric motor). But the optimization of efficiency is also necessary for all other components in the …” „… deformation of the shaft at different torque input. Fig. 5: The process of the parameter identification …”

W. Wang, L. Han, Q. Yan, C. Xiang, Y. Li Research on the dynamic power split characteristics and the electric power coordinated control for a hybrid transmission system S. 131-142

„… a great demand for electrical power during the vehicle operation process. How to make the system …” „… distribution and the dynamic adjustment process from a stable state to another stable state. In the field of …” „… the torque ripple during different mode switching processes. The research on coordinated power supply …”

A. K. Shojaei, P. Volgers An improved lifetime prediction technique for plastic gears through finite element analysis and continuum damage mechanics S. 1109-1112

„… polymers. For injection molded thermoplastic gears, VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017 1109 process related …” „… mechanisms, and will provide valuable insight into the design process. As an example, a simple plastic gear …” „… fatigue damage is essential in design optimization tasks. While most of current fatigue analysis …”

C. Zhang, H. Liu, C. W. Yao, Y. Li Study of vibration for spur gears of tooth profile modification and experimental validation of modification method S. 527-538

„… optimization process of tooth profile modification based on lateral-torsional coupled nonlinear dynamic model …” „… of one-stage spur gears system is shown in Fig. 4 Fig. 4: Optimization flowchart Gear pair …” „… 2=0.025;Jz1= 0.16; Jz2= 0.042 Tooth width(mm) 45 Backlash(mm) 0.02 According to the process of Fig. 4 …”

V. Angelopoulos, M. Hirsch PM gear rolling simulations using advanced plasticity material model and improved initial conditions S. 1277-1288

„… . The optimization of this process is critical in order to reduce the overall design time and to …” „… after the primary manufacturing process (pressing of powder particles-sintering). To reduce the …” „… increase the quality of the rolled gear. One way to optimize the process, tool design and gear with stock …”

J. J. Liou, S. Rakuff The development of worm drives S. 503-516

„… worm drives can be manufactured with the same machining process as are metallic drives by hobbing or …” „… development of new plastics for worm drives is the cost of raw material and manufacturing processes. As an …” „… standards. Condition monitoring of worm drives: Condition monitoring is the process of monitoring a …”

K. Togai, N. Fujinaga A reduced order internal combustion engine model for transmission development S. 1191-1198

„… for optimization in term of calculation time and model preparation works. ICE power output process …” „… evaluation and design. ICE power output process consists of fuel energy conversion gain in a combustion …” „… power output process response to a control mean, e.g. a throttle, is complex and large scale engine …”

A. K. Shojaei, P. Volgers, M. Cassata Advanced modeling and experimental techniques for fatigue life prediction of plastic gears S. 1575-1582

„… , and may provide a design tool for optimization tasks. 1. Introduction In most of metal …” „… thermoplastic gears, process related considerations such as local orientation of molecular chains …” „… , and creep cyclic deformation mechanisms, and will provide valuable insight into the design process …”

M. F. Stangl, U. Kissling, A. Pogacnik A procedure to find best fitting dresser with grinding worm for a new design S. 1307-1318

„… and shape only one flank at a time. This clearance value can be changed in the sharpening process by …” „… gear pair meshing by using the contact analysis shows finally the achievable gear optimization using …” „… pre-machining processes, which need a certain amount of stock material for the final machining steps after the …”

P. Tenberge, D. Kupka, T. Panéro Influential criteria on the optimization of a gearbox, with application to an automatic transmission S. 253-266

„… estimate a good optimization process: ‐ First, modify the shafts geometry and gears width to reduce the …” „… Influential criteria on the optimization of a gearbox, with application to an automatic …” „… aforementioned parameters on the optimization of a reducer. To validate our analysis, a 6AT gearbox concept from …”

J. W. Vriesen Topographical tooth modifications in planetary gears for reduction of the noise excitation without load capacity loss – Optimization of complex systems capable of oscillation S. 185-196

„… load capacity loss Optimization of complex systems capable of oscillation Dr.-Ing. Johannes W …” „… a 1.6 MW planet gear stage are represented in figure 5. For reasons of the process history ring …” „… general for the economical turn grinding as with profile grinding. Furthermore the process depending …”

D. Ghribi, C. Peyrac, M. Octrue Shot peening of gear tooth flanks: Search for an optimal surface topography against the micropitting S. 153-162

„… contact level). It is generally encountered at the surface hardened teeth. The process of micropitting …” „… peening conditions leading to surface topography optimization as well as roughness parameters …” „… optimization, in order to eliminate, or at least postpone, micropitting. 2. Material and treatments The …”

Y. Cai, L. Yao, Z. Xie, J. Zhang, C. Peng Influence analysis of system parameters on characteristics of the nutation drive with double circular arc spiral bevel gears S. 435-446

„… parameters [15]. Li et al. described the contact process of the gear pair to assess the influence of …” „… optimization and influence on the transmission efficiency The key to evaluating transmission is efficiency …” „… nutation angle optimization The transmission ratio, pitch angle, and nutation angle are the main …”

B. Kohn, T. Utakapan, M. Fromberger, M. Otto, K. Stahl Flank modifications for optimal excitation behaviour S. 1319-1330

„… grinding process such as flank twist may lead to an even more complicated conflict of goals as figure 1 …” „… implementation in a manufacturing process would be the definition of the local modification as (5) and …” „… just not possible to adapt a periodic modification suited for a grinding process with industrial scope …”

T. Schöler, H. Binz, M. Bachmann Method for the pre-dimensioning of beveloid gears – Efficient design of main gearing data S. 565-578

„… efficient design of the main data of beveloid gears including pre-optimization to achieve the objectives …” „… mentioned previously. In further optimizations, the microgeometry of beveloid gears must be adapted …” „… -ratios is limited by the calculated boundaries. The dimensioning can be an iterative process. In some …”

C. Güntner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl “Alternative” microstructures and their influence on mechanical properties of case-hardened gears S. 399-410

„… optimization of the heat treatment process of carburizing to achieve a fine martensitic microstructure with …” „… common heat treatment processes for highly loaded shafts and gears. Due to numerous investigations, a …” „… heat treatment processes it is possible to modify the microstructure specifically. In this way, a …”

K. Mao, V. Goodship, N. Madhav, R. Ramakrishnan, P. Langlois Experimental Investigations of Polymer Composite Gear Performance S. 1625-1636

„… Process of Acetal Polymer Gear Using Taguchi DOE Optimization and ANOVA Method’, International Journal …” „… is incremented (normally by 1 Nm) for another short period of time. This process continues until …” „… moulding process for polymer composite gears using two injection moulding machines, Engel 740/140 and …”

S. Grützner Holistic simulation of gearboxes – system simulation S. 51-60

„… optimization of teeth numbers Modern powertrains of electric drive cars are driven by small machines with high …” „… potential natural frequencies in gearsets is critical as part of the design process to ensure a long …” „… development process of machines with gearboxes. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017 59 6. References in this …”

T. Nagumo, M. Ishizuka, Y. Satou, S. Matsumura, H. Houjoh Estimation of loaded static transmission error using vibration measurement under operating conditions in a two-stage helical gear reducer S. 857-868

„… vibration measurement result. By repeating this process using an optimization method, the relative tooth …” „… of stiffness of gears, bearings, etc. and damping evaluated by parameter optimization using …” „… Harianto, J.: Robust optimization of cylindrical gear tooth surface modifications within ranges of torque …”

J. Reißmann, E. Leidich Computation of the tooth root strength of Worm Wheels with a calculation program based on local stresses S. 373-394

„… process an integrated computation program [4] was created (see Figure 2). Fig. 2: Calculation …” „… strength of all specimens is very similar, independent from the production process or the material charge …” „… hardness and VDI-Berichte Nr. 2294, 2017 385 residual stress profiles. The verification process starting …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, F. Goergen, D. Mevissen Crack propagation analysis of pitting damages of high-strength material systems in gear applications S. 281-292

„… . Independent on the material and heat treatment process, the pitting damage can be seperated into a fatigue …” „… treatments and finishing processes. In addition to the maximum endurance life, the maximum number of load …” „… material and heat treatment process. Consequently, the stress due to the rolling-sliding contact is …”

C. Andersson Grinding or shaving? – Performance based economic decision support in the manufacturing of gears S. 1353-1364

„… the omission of maintenance costs and costs for process additives. Since the different finishing …” „… optimization and Activity Based Costing (ABC) is a better choice for long term decision making as well as …” „… Accounting and Throughput Accounting would be suitable. For identifying costs at product and process level …”

M. Shuai, M. Shuai, J. Guoguang, Z. Yidu, L. Chao, H. Haruo Research on multiple-split load sharing characteristics of 2-stage external meshing star gearing system S. 769-782

„… for proper tolerance distribution and control in design and process. Keywords: displacement …” „… load sharing coefficients determination, vibration noise reduction, structure optimization, error …” „… precision control. Providing scientific theoretical basis for the gear machining , assembly process and …”

A. Şorea, F. Buus Bendixen Reluctance magnetic gear – Magnetic gears, no longer toothless S. 615-622

„… presented in this paper has not undergone a lot of optimization in this regard. There are many options to …” „… process. Bibliography Patents: [1]. Armstrong, C. G. US687292 A US, 1901. Reports: [2]. Jørgensen …”

C. Weber, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Investigation on the flank surface durability of gears with increased pressure angle S. 173-184

„… examined experimentally. Optimization goals were the power to weight ratio of the transmission and the …” „… transmitting gear drives. Besides the economic advantages of the manufacturing process using straight-flank …”

Y. Wang, B. Peng, G. Liu, L. Liu Design of transmission accuracy of the involute cylindrical gear-worm gear system under large temperature difference based on FE method S. 491-502

„… machining process. Since the system works under large temperature difference, the deformation of the system …” „… of Technology, 2013. [6] Padmanabhan, S.: Gear pair design optimization by genetic algorithm and FEA …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181022948

Haitham Elfahaam - A Runtime Adaptation Concept to reinforce Versatility in Industrial Automation

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Haitham Elfahaam

A Runtime Adaptation Concept to reinforce Versatility in Industrial Automation

Series: Mess-, Steuerungs- und Regelungstechnik

Volume 1267 2018

Results in this title

Runtime Adaptation Concept S. 23-36

„… Engineering systems • Deployer system (Executor) • Redeployment management/optimization system The function …” „… as a tool to perform load balancing on and resource optimization to the computation nodes. In the …” „… Management/Optimization System usesuses Figure 3.1: Proposed System Components In order to explain the system objectives …”

State of the Art S. 6-22

„… optimizations criteria to be considered during the redeployment process. 2.6 Methodological Fundamentals - Graph …” „… optimum distribution according to the defined optimization/constraints criteria is the objective, e.g …” „… or tool. 2.1 Dynamic RunTime Environments (RTE) In process control applications, the functional …”

Implementation - Reality Approach S. 73-84

„… process components, i.e., field devices, are found. In the presented use-case, the devices from the …” „… demonstrator (e.g., roller table). • Control Level - Process Near Components (PNC): On this layer, the …” „… automation systems are found which performs the control logic of the process components. • Server Edge Cloud …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XII

„… as an academic researcher at the Chair of Process Control Engineering of RWTH Aachen University under …” „… . His great insight and deep understanding of process automation and interdisciplinary research offered …” „… revision. I thank the former and current team members of the Chair of Process Control Engineering namely …”

Introduction S. 1-5

„… and Scenarios Scenarios and applications that can be attained by the redeployment process …” „… in the communication path reducing the bandwidth depletion. • Process Control Component …” „… requirements, e.g., after upgrading a process control component, the current communication channel bandwidth …”

Conclusion and Outlook S. 105-109

„… Currently, the implemented algorithm performs a TSE optimization to choose the load packet to send and also …” „… (continuous load) shown in Chapter 5 can be introduced. This can be done if a beforehand optimization of the …” „… convergence as well as the set optimization criteria simultaneously. However, in order to conduct such an …”

Bibliography S. 110-118

„… , volume 290. Citeseer, 1976. 110 Bibliography [13] Stephen Boyd. Convex optimization of graph laplacian …” „… with symmetries. SIAM Journal on Optimization, 20(2):792–819, 2009. [15] Stephen Boyd, Persi Diaconis …” „… Optimization, 20(2):792–819, 2009. [16] Junwei Cao. Self-organizing agents for grid load balancing. In …”

Methodology Investigation - Analytical Approach - Linear Model S. 40-54

„… throughout time. The Optimization for the load exchange can be performed centrally which results in computing …” „… optimum load transfer parameters. The optimization can be performed with different criteria, e.g …” „… integrator behavior), otherwise a numerical solution using brute force optimization is inevitable. Special …”

Modeling Fundamentals S. 37-39

„… • Load balancing optimization process occurs in a central or a decentral manner 4.1.2 Load Model Only …”

Methodology Investigation - Empirical Approach - Non-Linear Model S. 55-64

„… the load transfer coefficients are time variant. The optimization is performed decentrally since each …” „… considered to be dynamic and can change at any point of time. In a decentral behavior, the optimization is …” „… crucial role in the evaluation process. Two factors can influence the initial load distribution which are …”

Scenario 2 - Agents System S. 97-104

„… rather the palette will be driven to the explicitly specified device where the process will be executed …” „… and QIM, the algorithm can anticipate a load optimization that can be executed in upcoming location …”

Scenario 1 - Decentralized Algorithm S. 85-96

„… component is used during the destination node search process. A snapshot of the implementation is shown in …” „… component. It performs a local optimization to determine the best node candidate and the optimum load packet …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186267085

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - International Conference on Gears 2019

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

International Conference on Gears 2019

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2355 2019

Results in this title

K. Holder, C. Salander, S. Rudolph, R. Stetter Automated requirements-driven design synthesis of gearboxes with graph-based design languages using state of the art tools S. 713-726

„… multi-criteria product optimization in the early phase of the product development process seems particularly …” „… which automate the design process and avoid redundant manual work need to be developed and deployed …” „… , which perform calculations and simulations, are used during the product development process (PDP) of …”

J. Brimmers, M. Willecke, C. Lopenhaus, C. Brecher Investigation of the potential of using surrogate models in the gear design process S. 727-740

„… of the surrogate models in the optimization process. In addition, other modeling techniques, like …” „… Investigation of the potential of using surrogate models in the gear design process Jens …” „… RWTH Aachen University 1. Abstract The process of gear design usually starts with very few given …”

P. Barreiro, J. Hoffmeister, J. Hermes, A. Bronner New improvement opportunities through applying topology optimization combined with 3D printing to the construction of gearbox housings S. 1823-1834

„… : Pre-process required to implement topology optimization. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 2019 1825 The forces are …” „… New improvement opportunities through applying topology optimization combined with 3D printing to …” „… of gearbox housings is severely restricted by all the currently used machining processes. 3D metal …”

S.-G. Moon, S.-C. Kim, J.-H. Sohn, G.-H. Lee 2-stage gearbox optimization to minimize weight and maximize gear mesh efficiency considering the gear ratio for high speed gear S. 1237-1244

„… optimized thro ugh the optimization process considering the gear ratio and the center distance. Accor ding …” „… . 2355, 2019 1239 3.2 Optimization Process The design requirements for the second stage gearbox are …” „… . Fig. 2: Process of the Optimization for Minimize Weight maximize gear mesh efficiency VDI-Berichte …”

J. Hoffmeister, J. Hermes Optimized tooth root strength by controlled shot peening S. 137-148

„… parameters. Boundary conditions for this process optimization are the possibility to shot peen different …” „… conditions For the process optimization of the shot peening process, case hardened test gears of 18CrNiMo …” „… arrangement of Almen strip holders was defined to control the shot peening process under production …”

A. L. Kapelevich, Y. V. Shekhtman Optimization of asymmetric tooth root generated with protuberance hob S. 403-414

„… results of the previous iterations in order to reduce stress values. The optimization process stops when …” „… Optimization of Asymmetric Tooth Root Generated with Protuberance Hob Dr. Alex L. Kapelevich …” „… . Previous publications had considered asymmetric tooth root fillet optimization assuming that the tooth …”

K. Smrczkova Wear resistant plastics – Bespoke plastic compounds for plastic gears S. 1345-1356

„… ) Finally, tool design with the considerations of available machines and process optimization rounds the …” „… time & cost saving in the whole development process. In tool design and process optimization ALBIS …” „… samples production and process optimization. Finally, there are different filler & additive systems …”

P. L. Yin, J. H. Wang, C. X. Lu Digital twin of gear measuring center (dtgmc) S. 1521-1532

„… , measurement strategy optimization and measurement software verification were explored. The concept, model …” „… optimization of measurement strategy. The simulation results show the effectiveness of DTGMC, which provides a …” „… comprehensive analysis and optimization of measurement strategies, and the identification and separation methods …”

F. Rudolph, S. Schumann, B. Schlecht Consideration of solid particles in a gear lapping simulation S. 1675-1686

„… for process optimizations. Archard’s classic wear approach has been adapted for the spatially curved …” „… carried out by single, highly experienced employees. The first step towards the objective optimization …” „… lapping process, quite similar to the methods used by Jiang and Park [2, 3]. For each sufficiently short …”

S. Detzel, Y. S. Krieger, M. F. Traeger, T. C. Lueth Design of gear surface models for 3D-printing of plastic gears S. 1401-1410

„… longer limiting factors. The universal input data for additive manufacturing processes are surface …” „… process is a digital representation of the part. The standard representation for three-dimensional …” „… to at least partially automate the design process. A programmatic approach for this is the …”

H.-W. Raedt, T. Wurm, A. Busse Lightweight forging initiative III: transmission lightweighting potential based on design and material concepts in a split-axle hybrid vehicle and a heavy-duty truck S. 1777-1786

„… with material optimizations, the Institute of Product Engineering (IPEK) at the Karlsruhe Institute of …” „… optimizations on the lightweighting potential of the transmission. The image shows the transmission on the rear …” „… increasingly important to involve all partners of the process chain – from the steelworks and the forging …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVI

„… VDI-Berichte 2355 VDI-Society for Product and Process Design International Conference on Gears …” „… Simulation of the tooth root strength under consideration of material quality, finishing process and size …” „… , Belgium f Bevel and hypoid design and manufacturing Optimization of hypoid gear macro/micro geometries …”

A. Weis, T. Deliktas, M. Liewald, N. Missal Cold forging of gear components by a modified Samanta process S. 1765-1776

„… Cold forging of gear components by a modified Samanta process André Weiß, Tashin Deliktas …” „… loads, which requires the use of expensive and high-strength tool steels. High process forces result …” „… components. Thus, the development of alternative processes in order to reduce acting process forces in cold …”

B. Schlecht, T. Schulze Improved tooth contact analysis by using virtual gear twins – How helpful is AI for finding best gear design? S. 203-216

„… optimization of tooth flank. 2. Possibility of digital gear twins Previously, the use of the digital twin …” „… Fig.1. Figure 1: Calculation model for determination of flank optimization [7] This model …” „… be made and in a final step the optimization of the micro geometry of the tooth flank will be done …”

B. Karpuschewski, T. Lierse, S. Schulze Inline-deep rolling – a new approach to increase tooth root load capacity S. 1787-1798

„… . Compared to shot peening, this finishing process offers the essential advantage of a greater depth effect …” „… miscellaneous manufacturing and assembly processes, which can, for example, produce improved material …” „… variant was developed in which the tool processes a larger area of the tooth flank. Fig. 2 compares the …”

P. Falbriard Index hobbing for asymmetrical gears S. 1181-1186

„… the gear teeth plays a crucial role in this assembly and can help to achieve the set optimization …” „… . 6: Index cutter with 2 profiles VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 20191184 This manufacturing process is more …” „… accurate and faster than any other process such as tooth by tooth gear cutting for an asymmetric gear …”

H. Baour, P. Falbriard Micro skiving – (r)evolution of a known production process S. 1619-1634

„… Micro skiving – (r)evolution of a known production process Hervé Baour, Pierre Falbriard, Louis …” „… explains Power-Skiving process’ details, principle that is also valid for the Micro-Skiving method. It …” „… mean of production. Finally, future improvements of the process to be made completes the report …”

T. Kleiber DIN Q6 meets DIN Q10 – Need for modern internal gear production S. 415-424

„… improved by optimizing the machinig process, e.g. tool optimization, proper machine type and machine …” „… machining (honing / power honing / generating grinding). The right process, is a key to success but it is …” „… gears requires a highly sophisticated production process with a well working quality monitoring and …”

B. Karpuschewski, D. Sackmann, M. Kochig, M. Beutner, F. Welzel Potentials and limits of gear hobbing with cooling lubricants S. 1591-1602

„… . Furthermore, the process is flexible regarding the number of teeth, the helical angle and the width of the …” „… might only take effect if all process characteristics are taken into account. The different lubricants …” „… the thermal process energy often leads to aerosol generation which exceeds permissive limits and …”

T. Sturmlinger, A. Comak, A. Albers, S. Gerdhenrichs, R. H. Schmitt Methodical analysis and selection of auto identification systems in the gear box manufacturing S. 1509-1520

„… because of the potential of an 100% Part-Tracing. This enables new possibilities for process optimization …” „… because of the potential of an 100% Part-Tracing. This enables new possibilities for process optimization …” „… process. The part identification and tracking is one of the key technologies for the use of the …”

C. Natali, A. Rezayat, D. Park, P. Jiranek, T. Tamarozzi Analysis of manufacturing variability on the transmission error of an internal gear pair using a multibody framework S. 1099-1110

„… parameters to the limits in order to achieve more efficient and quieter gearbox designs by the optimization …” „… manufacturing and assembly errors, which is inevitable in any manufacturing process. Evaluating the effect of …” „… each error that occurs in manufacturing helps one achieve the design optimization goal [4] . The …”

N. Yildirim, M. Yasar, E. Yildirim, F. Erdogan, B. Karatas Experimental verification of improvements in static and fatigue bending capacity of spur gear tooth via tooth root design optimization S. 959-972

„… effective technique for optimization process with improved fatigue life under the same tooth load. 1 …” „… tooth via tooth root design optimization Prof. Nihat Yildirim, Gaziantep University, Gaziantep …” „… to minimum through use of standard gear materials and standard gear manufacturing processes, gears …”

F. Lubos, Z. Roth Bionic tooth root: fatigue testing and potential on gear units S. 47-56

„… combinations the optimization occurs with the help of an in-house software program, which is iteratively based …” „… upon the Finite Element Method. The optimization of the parameters can be achieved with a heuristic …” „… be ignored if this process is chosen. The localization of these points has been described as …”

P. H. O. Teixeira, C. Lopenhaus, C. Brecher, T. Bergs Discretization of the contact conditions considering the grain engagement for generating gear grinding S. 1739-1748

„… finishing process mainly used to meet the high requirements for gears in terms of geometry and surface …” „… to the complex contact conditions induced by the process kinematics. The objective of this work is …” „… surface grinding process and last onto an analogy of the continuous generating gear grinding process …”

J. Fechler, S. Oberle, M. Knopfle, V. Merz Improvement of the noise and vibration behavior of an electromechanical brake booster – An integral approach S. 1431-1442

„… acoustical optimization of the system has therefore to follow a holistic approach and investigate all the …” „… production process of the parts The transfer path itself The eigenfrequencies of the system are …” „… geometry of the gears is essentially given by the manufacturing process. The intermediate wheel is moulded …”

J. Han, Y. Zhu, X. Tian, L. Xia A method of tooth longitudinal modification for internal gearing power honing S. 1725-1738

„… whole optimization process. The sensitivity matrix Ms here is the first derivative of the normal …” „… , Hefei, Anhui, China Abstract As a high-efficiency and high-precision gear finishing process, the …” „… As an efficient and high-precision gear finishing process, the internal gear honing is widely used …”

G. Vasileiou, N. Rogkas, V. Spitas, P. Zalimidis Optimisation of spur gear tooth fillet for maximum bending strength using Bezier curves S. 149-160

„… optimization process In order to minimize the developed stress in the tooth root, a description of the …” „… manufacturing besides the standard hob, rack or CNC processes [2], the design of stronger tooth profiles using …” „… stress with respect to variables p1, p2 is known, it is possible to use a typical optimization function …”

V. I. Goldfarb, E. S. Trubachev, K. V. Bogdanov, T. A. Pushkareva Prospects of manufacturing spiroid gears with small gear ratios S. 1665-1674

„… gear cutting tool – spiroid hob (Fig. 1a), which complicated considerably the process of …” „… from one gear ratio to another within the production process. As an example Table 1 shows two …” „… machine-tool setting process. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2355, 20191670 Fig. 4: Gear machining …”

Y. Hawwari, J. Touzet, H. Andre, H. I. Cakar, I. Khelf, L. Alloin Ring gear tooth cracks detected using instantaneous angular speed: wind turbine application S. 1039-1052

„… wear debris in the oil analysis. Firstly, this work aimed at the optimization of the vibration …” „… the operator. Then, the resampling process applied on vibration measurement will be explained. In the …” „… 3rd part, the GE correction applied on IAS signals will be detailed. The indicator used to process …”

A. Pogačnik, U. Kissling Layout of profile modifications for symmetric and asymmetric plastic gears S. 1461-1472

„… complex manufacturing processes. With the guideline VDI 2736 [3], the strength (both root and flank) of …” „… transmission optimization is discussed. NVH can be improved in different ways; for instance, selecting an …” „… to wear during the running in process. Table 2 shows a comparison of results of VDI 2736 calculation …”

Y. Cai, L. Yao, J. Ding, S. Ouyang, J. Zhang Analysis of dynamic transmission error for nutation drive with double circular arc gears under assembly errors and different loads S. 343-354

„… non-linear process, the finite element method can comprehensively consider the complex conditions of gear …” „… of two-stage nutation drive In the simulation process, the input speed is set to 1500 rpm, the …” „… increase with the increase in the process of gear meshing. In particular, the increase of RMS with ∆P …”

B. Brodmann, H. Bodschwinna Scattered light measurement on worm gears with high efficiency requirements S. 1567-1578

„… scattered light and can also be integrated directly into the current production process. Using the example …” „… tolerances of the geometry have reached an excellent quality. Thus, the optimization of the system depends …” „… processes now have to be examined with regard to their power loss. It should be noted that the purely …”

P. Scholzen, C. Lopenhaus, C. Brecher, D. Billenstein, F. Rieg, G. Hammerl Investigation of the influence of elastic gear body structures on the operational behavior of gears S. 785-796

„… optimization in gear design. The power density of a gear can be increased by geometric gear body modifications …” „… the design process or in the simulation. 2. Finite Element Contact Algorithm Due to the …” „… of the gear mesh conditions, the gear body optimization represents the next decisive influencing …”

D. Marino, H. Binz, M. Bachmann Analytical design method for beveloid gears with a small shaft angle and offset S. 391-402

„… position. Most analysis and optimization tools for gearings particularly require these main gearing data as …” „… iterative or simulative methods to the design process are reasons for this. Fig. 1: Schematic diagram of …” „… With the results from the pre-dimensioning process and the manual inputs, the system of equations …”

T. Pinel, J. Bruyere, P.Velex, L. Billet Parametric Study of a 3D trochoidal reducer model with involute profile S. 437-448

„… approach of cycloid profile optimization considering on cinematic behaviour. FEM quasi-static models were …” „… pine and bore can be modeled according to the same approach. This process is presented for tooth …”

D. Mevissen, C. Lopenhaus, T. Bergs Calculation of mixed friction conditions in large-scale rolling-sliding contacts for different surface structures S. 555-568

„… rolling-sliding contacts can be significantly improved by conditioning the surfaces in the manufacturing process …” „… chemical additives during the isotropic superfinishing process, there is a possibility that remaining …” „… additives influence the solid friction coefficient, but the result gives room for further optimization of …”

X. Yang, N. Yue, Q. Yang, L. Wang, Y. Shao, H. Xiong Dynamic simulation for double input compound power-split mechanism of in-wheel motor driven EVs S. 481-492

„… condition, the operation process is inverse of the upshift ones. So, it can be seen that the motor2 realize …” „… University of Technology Diss, 2017 [3] Zhang, F., et al.: Optimization of compound power split …”

T. Fukuda, M. Nakagawa, T. Hirogaki, E. Aoyama Investigation of transient response motion of differential planetary gear train during reverse rotation and starting by using high-speed camera monitoring S. 331-342

„… optimizations were adapted to the present study and direct observation of the 2K-HV PGT was achieved using a …” „… case of 0 < γcp. The transition process of the settling time Ts [s] (time to reach within ±2% of the …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023556

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2019

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LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2019

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2361 2019

Results in this title

A. Volbracht, J.-H. Wolker, J. Jeninga TIM empowers cross vendor couples to higher performance S. 573-XVI

„… a round baler Process optimization whilst being friendly to the environment The baling process …” „… continuously adjusted and optimized which has a positive effect on fuel consumption. Process optimization …” „… Fig. 4: Process optimization with TIM TIM increases quality and efficiency, regardless of …”

M. L. Bilde, J. T. Andersen, A. Morrison New Cleaning system design for high capacity combine harvesters S. 537-544

„… , 2019 539 Optimization of the stratification process In order to optimize the performances of the …” „… high-capacity combine harvesters, the cleaning system has at the same time become the capacity limiting process …” „… . 1 Material Other than Grain VDI-Berichte Nr. 2361, 2019 537 The cleaning process in its simplest …”

P. Munch Predictive Feed-Rate Control for Combine Harvesters S. 545-552

„… planning in every sample step. Thus, the current optimization always starts from measured machine process …” „… process. Adding real-time perception sensing capabilities combined with site specific geospatial …” „… processing dynamics. Model predictive optimization balances between set-point tracking accuracy and operator …”

B. Yanke, M. Vandeven, D. Bomleny High Capacity Draper Header – Development of a high capacity draper header for a new generation of combine harvesters S. 527-536

„… . 1: Harvest System Growth Over Time Draper Header Architecture Development Process In order to …” „… , developing and correlating the DSM used similar process- VDI-Berichte Nr. 2361, 2019 529 es. Performance …” „… development of the new header modules utilized the same process as the known machine forms. Performance …”

T. Steckel Process Operation Map for Assessment of ideal Configuration and Behaviour S. 341-346

„… Process Operation Map for Assessment of ideal Configuration and Behaviour Dr. Thilo Steckel …” „… Collaborative Processes Decision making in complex collaborative processes, like harvest chains, is mainly …” „… experience-based. Detailed knowledge of machine characteristics and impact of environmental factors on the process …”

H. Neurath, L. Frerichs Approach to reduce the complexity increase in development processes of mobile machines S. 265-272

„… Approach to reduce the complexity increase in development processes of mobile machines Hagen …” „… hydraulic and the mechanic drive technology, in order to reach the best process quality with the highest …” „… number of process drives increases the design effort even more. The developed tool described in this …”

C. Gentz, G. Jacobs, C. Wyrwich, J. Munch, M. Marsel, M. Lindner, T. Herlitzius Electric mechanic power split PTO for implements S. 119-126

„… transmission, but does not provide the variability needed for automated optimization of the operating points …” „… potential for improvement with regard to the efficiency and quality of the working process. As an …” „… operating range of the PTO of the tractor is 800 to 1000 rpm, which allows the optimization of the …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIV

„… Agricultural Production Process …” „… , Passau Machine Learning for Process Automation of Agricultural Machines in Field Applications …” „… Product Development Approach to reduce the complexity increase in development processes of mobile …”

M. Sax, R. Latsch, T. Anken, V. Moser, P. Krummenacher Automated site-specific overseeding of grassland S. 165-228

„… improving the process, design and functional parameters of that system [5]. For the test and optimization …” „… hardware and functional principle of operation as well as the test and optimization of feature detection …” „… Modeling and simulation of a system process are extensive techniques for investigating, evaluating and …”

M. J. Darr, M. M. Qasaimeh, C. J. Murphy, B. R. Covington, V. Fuchs, T. Schaefer, F. Pardina, B. Reddy, J. Petri, T. Fuege, J. Hinze High Definition Yield Maps for Precision Ag Decision Support S. 327-334

„… ]. Additionally, the calibration process and installed combine yield accuracy is improving through technologies …” „… process involved multiple steps including data alignment, data cleaning, and regression analysis. The …” „… goal of the fusion process was to align points of highly confident yield and points of highly confident …”

A. Hackfort, G. Happich, M. Lichtenstern Development of a Seamless User Experience for Smart Farming Applications – From Machine Interaction to System Synergy S. 229-234

„… optimization of tractor-implement combinations. They require increased flexibility and adaptability in the …” „… ergonomics. The development process which is described in phase 3 allowed the integration of changes and new …” „… ideas along the way, even at a late stage in the development cycle. Phase 3: Development Process and …”

M. Trimmel, P. Riegler-Nurscher, R. Streimelweger Broadband SHF Radar measurements for soil moisture estimation in the range between 1 and 18 GHz S. 347-354

„… important factor. The knowledge of the moisture content enables optimization in soil tillage. This ranges …” „… during drying processes. Materials and Methods The presented measurements are investigated on silty …” „… ventilator. During the drying process, the magnitude and phase of the received VNA signal was recorded …”

M. Bouten, T. Meinel, W. Kath-Petersen Development and utilization of a new application system for precise fertilizer placement in corn S. 513-520

„… realization could be defined. Based on a systematic development process, favorable concepts were defined …” „… stationary simulation of the fertilizer placement in soil enabled the efficient optimization of these …” „… planting process of potatoes and mention alternative application methods for the lateral fertilizer …”

M. Piechnick Multi-domain simulation of agricultural system solutions S. 281-288

„… hydraulic drives, control and automation, sensors and process variables up to the networking of different …” „… counterparts – based on different subsystems and processes. The present article presents application examples …” „… the previous chapter. The submitted investigations covered the optimization of the electrohydraulic …”

C. Rechberger, M. Trimmel, F.-F. Huber Hybrid-Disc-Plough – An energy saving plough concept for heavier soils S. 503-508

„… energy intensive process, therefore a significant impact on the carbon footprint in crop production has …” „… the device used was a first-stage prototype, further development and optimization is very likely to …” „… HDP. This may lead to less effort for the subsequent tillage processes or seedbed preparation. It was …”

R. Himmelsbach, J. Pohlenz, K. Grad eCVT for Tractors – Continuously Variable Driving and Electric Power for Implement Drives S. 127-134

„… . It can be said that electrification offers potential for further improving work process performance …” „… optimization is being worked on in different areas of vehicle engineering. For several years ZF has been …” „… electrical energy is expected as it will further optimize and automate work processes and increase traction …”

J. Sonnen, J. Moller, A. Hammerschmidt agrirouter: First user experiences and next steps with the manufacturer-independent data exchange platform S. 69-76

„… administrative processes by digitisation has increased significantly in recent years, parallel to many other …” „… engineering are united by the goal of simplifying the above-mentioned processes through automation and …” „… the simplification of processes and higher productivity of the individual agricultural enterprise or …”

S. Igl, G. Grommer, M. Auer, K. Grad Power Trains, Electric Drives and Mobile Hydraulics S. 135-144

„… electrical energy for the further optimization and automation of work processes and for increasing system …” „… energy for the traction drive of the tractor as well as for the process drives of the implements. In …” „… system as a whole. In the development process of electrified drivelines, two strategies play an …”

P. Sivasothy, G. Bulun, J. Seewig, J. Imwalle Implementation of a Dynamic Product Development Method for Agricultural Engineering Based on Virtual Prototypes S. 273-280

„… production/assembly within the product development processes. This also occurs when an assembly is modified or …” „… checked with the help of the resulting sensor signal. In addition to the physical optimization, this …” „… approach with a high potential for accelerating the development process is the virtual prototype …”

A. Biswas, E. Eising SoilReader: A new in-situ multi-depth, multi-constituent, on-the-go precision soil analyzer S. 355-376

„… deleted from the analysis. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2361, 2019 363 Optimization of data acquisition parameters …” „… steps that are in the process to develop a robust proximal soil sensor for in-situ multi-depth …”

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