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VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Drivetrain for Vehicles 2016

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Drivetrain for Vehicles 2016

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2276 2016

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P. Gwinner, M. Otto, K. Stahl Torque-Vectoring Transmission with Reinforced Plastic Housing for an Electric Subcompact Vehicle – Measures to Integrate a Plastic Housing into an E-Drive Transmission S. 503-514

„… axle drive, which explicitly reduces the load of the housing components. A further constraint for the …” „… engines, the design of acoustically inconspicuous axle drives in the powertrain plays a special role …” „… . Based on the existing transmission topology of the Visio.M electric vehicle, a new axle gear design is …”

R. Kronstorfer, F. Kolb, U. Pinschmidt Audi quattro – Four wheel drive becomes more efficient S. 369-382

„… – the following requirements are necessary: - Optimal efficiency of all components while in single-axle …” „… transmission form the foundations. They offer optimal efficiency when driving the front axle. The combination …” „… of a controlled all-wheel drive system which can automatically bring the rear axle differential to a …”

K. Fronius, A. Harsch, P. Neuwirth, J. Gindele The AMG SPEEDSHIFT DCT from the Mercedes-Benz 7G-DCT Family – Performance for the Road and Race Track in the Compact Segment S. 53-68

„… the components' load limit raised once again. To ensure a better tractive force connection, gear …” „… the compact segment. The AMG DYNAMIC PLUS package with front axle limited slip differential toughens …” „… factors for this improvement were the optimized gear spread and the torque increase on the rear axle …”

M. Kraft, W. Pflieger, S. Henzler, C. Nizzola, S. Rinderknecht Simulation-based study of drivetrain electrification to improve driving dynamics S. 177-192

„… additional e-drive functionalities. Vehicle integration of e-drive components modifies vehicle mass, axle …” „… driving profile. The electrified powertrain architecture and its component sizing is the scope of this …” „… various possibilities of components combinations and numerous sizing solu- VDI-Berichte 2276, 2016 177 …”

H.-W. Raedt, F. Wilke, C.-S. Ernst Lightweight Design in transmission by forging technology in passenger cars and light commercial vehicles S. 485-502

„… and all the components have been documented. In hands-on-workshops, material, forging and conceptual …” „… potentials of particular components. During Phase II, greater focus has been placed on materials compared to …” „… a lightweight potential of 42 kg was identified for components in the powertrain and chassis [1 …”

B. Löffler, J. Patzner, M. Drabek, K. Armbruster Modular 8-Speed Hybrid Dual Clutch Transmission With Integrated All-Wheel Distributor by ZF S. 85-100

„… front axle output implemented as wet clutch and beveloid gearing stage is connected to the front axle …” „… separate axle and discharged via the engaged 1st gear. The torque flows of the 1st gear and the reverse …” „… the reverse gear axle. To avoid to radially displace the shift fork for the 1st/5th gear toward the …”

J. Winchester, A. Favale, S. A. Martin Lightweight, Highly Efficient Drive System S. 667-680

„… the motor can easily be integrated into another component’s housing such as an axle, pump or gearbox …” „… proposed by Oerlikon Fairfield and Ashwoods electric motors and discuss the integration of the components …” „… point for the electric brake. This allows the electrical components to remain together while allowing …”

O. Neuf A chain is as strong as the weakest part S. 701-718

„… customer application. Optimization of the efficiency of components is the basis for the performance of a …” „… machine. A satisfying solution in the machine requires sometimes compromises on a component to optimize …” „… right vision at the design of the components and the right freedom for the interfaces to enable …”

M. Funk, G. Bofinger, J. Patzer, D. O. Lautenschlager, E. Granderath The New Porsche Dual Clutch Gearbox (PDK) – an Important Component of the Powertrain of the Future S. 69-84

„… The New Porsche Dual Clutch Gearbox (PDK) – an Important Component of the Powertrain of the …” „… groundwork for hybridisation as a basic component of its CO2 strategy. The new, second-generation Porsche …” „… dual clutch gearbox (PDK) is a central component for achieving the envisioned goals. In developing …”

R. Moehlmann Modular design for driveline mechatronic systems – Global development strategy driven by automotive market demands in the context of global competition S. 309-320

„… functions can be tested and verified on module level (DVP) All needed SW-components or features for …” „… functional release) Bill of Material (BOM) for each module is established incl. sw-components The …” „… between software-component and hardware-components. The challenge is the alignment of different …”

A. Albers, U. Reichert, S. Ott, A. Radimersky Software supported development of a Battery Electric Vehicle powertrain considering the efficiency S. 321-338

„… components. Not only gearwheels but also gear shift elements, more shafts, more bearings, a more complex …” „… the interactions of the powertrain components and their influence on the gearbox. This is possible by …” „… identification of the interactions of the powertrain components, a first limitation of possible gearboxes with …”

M. Seeberger, P. Leipold, R. Schmelzer 8-speed transmission development for motorsport application S. 397-404

„… several components resulting in reduced stress on the individual components - Increase of handling …” „… racing transmission due to existing components coming from the production volume transmission and the …” „… transmission still shares 85 % of components with the volume-produced 8HP45 – despite significant innovations …”

W. Hinz, G. Bednarek The new 8-speed FWD Automatic Transmission for General Motors / A. Opel AG S. 383-396

„… unit (PTU) attached to the transmission which distributes the torque between the two front axles and …” „… transmission internal components including the planetary gear sets and their arrangement is optimized for …” „… compactness. This can be seen in the chosen power flow [Fig.03] which reduces the number of components by …”

S. Heller, S. Heppel The new BMW hybrid powertrain with eight speed hybrid module S. 353-368

„… introduction in the modular components of this P2 powertrain you will get more details about the hybrid …” „… 353 1. The drive train components of BMW plug-in hybrid vehicles In the new BMW 330e the plug-in …” „… transmission as displayed in figure 1. Further necessary components are the high-voltage battery and the power …”

R. Welter, M. Kneißler, M. Hausner, D. Schulteis The Fascination of Clutch-by-Wire S. 121-136

„… components has led to a considerable increase in processing power. As a result, control tasks that are now …” „… within a very small envelope. The evolution of mechanical components is also noteworthy. New planetary …” „… manufacturing technology for these extremely precise components that are in some cases of a filigree design …”

Y. Takeda, M. Kawaminami, M. Tsuchida, H. Takekawa Gear Whine Noise Reduction Technology of New Model Transmission for FF-Hybrid Vehicle S. 435-450

„… improved by approximately 25% by re-engineering a whole series of vehicle systems and components. And the …” „… is gained. P610 consists of a 4 axles structure of drive motor(MG2), generator motor(MG1) and input …” „… train and the case and we separate the resonances of the transmission components from the peaks of the …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181022764

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - International Conference on Gears 2019

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

International Conference on Gears 2019

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2355 2019

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H.-W. Raedt, T. Wurm, A. Busse Lightweight forging initiative III: transmission lightweighting potential based on design and material concepts in a split-axle hybrid vehicle and a heavy-duty truck S. 1777-1786

„… Material Concepts in a Split-Axle Hybrid Vehicle and a Heavy-Duty Truck Dr.-Ing. Hans-Willi Raedt …” „… a split-axle hybrid vehicle. Furthermore, the transmission, propeller shaft and drive axle of a …” „… an electric motor on the rear axle. Besides this, the segment of heavyduty trucks is being analyzed …”

K. Holder, C. Salander, S. Rudolph, R. Stetter Automated requirements-driven design synthesis of gearboxes with graph-based design languages using state of the art tools S. 713-726

„… of the surrounding components (bogie, wheel-set axle and electric motor), as well as the performance …” „… extracted from the surrounding components, as well as the stub shaft of the electric motor and the axle set …” „… . Ing. C. Salander, Institute of Machine Components (IMA); Priv.-Doz. Dr. Ing. S. Rudolph, Institute …”

H. Blettery, D. Talbot, A. Kahraman, H. Xu A methodology for measurement of loaded transmission error of hypoid gear pair with misalignments S. 619-634

„… , Global Hardware Components and Subsystems, General Motors Company, Milford, USA Abstract …” „… , and demonstrated using a gear pair example from an automotive rear axle unit. A low-speed hypoid gear …” „… . 1. Introduction Hypoid gears are used in many industries, automotive and heavy truck axles …”

K. Liu, H. Liu, W. Shi Investigation on dynamic behavior of differential gearing with herringbone teeth S. 1215-1222

„… vibration displacement in time history curve of each component is obtained. Through the analysis of the …” „… axle x, z and torsion direction of the sun and figure (d)~(e) present those along axle x and z of the …” „… planet. Figure (f)~(g) uncover the vibration curves of displacement along axle x and z of the ring and …”

T. Sturmlinger, A. Comak, A. Albers, S. Gerdhenrichs, R. H. Schmitt Methodical analysis and selection of auto identification systems in the gear box manufacturing S. 1509-1520

„… systems are allowing traceability of components throughout the whole product-life-cycle. They do not only …” „… of components throughout the whole product-life-cycle. They do not only enable quick identification …” „… further costly production steps. In this way, the identification and traceability of mass components such …”

C. Hegger, T. Kruger, J. Maas Two-speed transmission based on energy-efficient MRF-coupling elements and power split mechanism S. 867-876

„… . A model-based evaluation shows the speed and torque loads on relevant components in dependency on …” „… between the front and the rear axle, developed by Magna Powertrain. Thereby, a large number of multiple …” „… the connection of the applied components of the developed transmission. Two planetary gears and two …”

A. Carbonelli Transferring knowledge about gear systems to machines in order to improve diagnosis efficiency S. 1065-1076

„… condition monitoring presents a huge interest for the important financial costs of component failure. The …” „… accelerometers, a tachometer and information about the gearbox geometry. There are 13 components in the gearbox …” „… , four gears, six bearings and three axles, leading to different configurations of faults and therefore …”

T. Kleiber DIN Q6 meets DIN Q10 – Need for modern internal gear production S. 415-424

„… ” E-cars are by nature on a lower NVH-level, due to the loss of masking ICE noise and other components …” „… of each geared part. The transfer path internal gear - planetary gear set transmission - axle …”

F. Lubos, Z. Roth Bionic tooth root: fatigue testing and potential on gear units S. 47-56

„… The strength of a component is determined by the tension in the notch root. This local stress can be …” „… . For this purpose, notches at a variety of engineering components are often smoothed out (filleted) by …” „… the wheel axle, or by varying the Bézier factor Be, the gear root contour is correspondingly …”

R. Beilicke, L. Bobach, D. Bartel Transient 3D TEHL simulation of spiral bevel gears under mixed friction conditions S. 529-540

„… rolling on each other, whose cone tips coincide at the common intersection of the axles, see Fig. 1. As …” „… calculation of the velocity components in x and y direction of the calculation domain is done according to [7 …” „… progression of the velocity components u and v related to the contact point YL in the x and y direction of …”

S. Detzel, Y. S. Krieger, M. F. Traeger, T. C. Lueth Design of gear surface models for 3D-printing of plastic gears S. 1401-1410

„… , limited surface accuracy and component properties usually have to be compensated by post-processing steps …” „… easily be mounted on the axles without play; (right) Planetary gearing elements with mounted gear wheels …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… Hardware Components and Subsystems, General Motors Company, Milford, USA Dynamic model of bevel gearing …” „… 713 K. Holder, ZF Friedrichshafen AG, Friedrichshafen; C. Salander, Institute of Machine Components …” „… ., Purt Huron, USA Cold forging of gear components by a modified Samanta process …”

Y. Cai, L. Yao, J. Ding, S. Ouyang, J. Zhang Analysis of dynamic transmission error for nutation drive with double circular arc gears under assembly errors and different loads S. 343-354

„… , and all of them are close to zero after 0.4 s. While, with the increase of axle intersection error …” „… ), Fujian Provincial Industrial Robot Basic Components Technology Research and Development Center (Grant No …”

J. Pellkofer, M. Hein, K. Stahl, T. Reimann, M. Hombauer New calculation method of the micropitting load carrying capacity of bevel and hypoid gears S. 517-528

„… power between crossed axles. Demands for higher transmitted torques at a considerably reduced weight …” „… arrangement, the electrical drive unit only feeds the power losses induced by the components of the hypoid …”

M. Solf, C. Lopenhaus, T. Bergs Influence of elastic effects on the grinding force in plunging bevel gear grinding S. 1687-1696

„… using a ring gear geometry from a Scania truck axle drive with a module of mn = 9 mm, z2 = 37 teeth, an …” „… components will have to be carried out by means of measurements. Finally, the machined stock was set in …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023556

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Commercial Vehicles 2019

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Commercial Vehicles 2019

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2350 2019

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M. Lamke, M. Eisele, F.-D. Speck ZF Kit for E-Mobility Products for Commercial Vehicles S. 73-86

„… fixed ratio gear set. The electric components come from the ZF volume-produced product Electric Axle …” „… respective segments with components that can be used in as many applications as possible. This article …” „… , mechanical and software components. Introduction/ Motivation Since the market development of the various …”

C. Luján The new vehicle energy consumption calculation tool (VECTO) for heavy-duty vehicles – Scope and limitations S. 269-280

„… reduction axle (HR) Hub reduction tandem axle (HRT) The checking of all these components is based on …” „… combination of component testing and vehicle simulation. The simulation tools used for certification are …” „… physics-based models that use certified component data as input, in order to model the fuel consumption of HDVs …”

J. Hintereder, S. Sattler, U. Gunzert Development of a disruptive semitrailer tractor in light-weight construction S. 45-60

„… impact on the potential of existing components to be constructed in lightweight design and on the …” „… suspension on the front axle makes for better comparison of later measurements with the new vehicle …” „… entering the cab, the location of the front axle was also not changed. In principle, however, our vehicle …”

N. Berger Energy-recuperation as business-case for semitrailers – Smart electrification solution for semitrailers S. 99-102

„… innovations like the electrified semitrailer axle. Bosch-components for this business-case What are …” „… semitrailer axle can reduce fuel consumption, noise and exhaust emissions and thus optimize the costs of …” „… the semitrailer. What are the benefits for this business case? The electrified axle recuperates …”

K. Hömberg, G. Chen, W. Li Lean product development process for a Chinese commercial vehicle supplier – Preparation and implementation of changes in the thinking and acting of a Chinese production company on the basis of Lean P... S. 175-186

„… Li, Zhucheng Yihe axle Ltd., Zhucheng City, China 1. Abstract ZHUCHENG YIHE AXLES CO., LTD …” „… (YIHE) is the world's largest brand-independent manufacturer of commercial vehicle steering axles. YIHE …” „… has an annual capacity of 1.2 million axles and in 2018 delivered more than 1.0 million units to …”

M. Fritz Modular Platform Approach for Electric Drive System in Commercial Vehicles S. 103-114

„… applications. For application at higher speed as typically found for electric axle drives usually only …” „… power electronics platform with all its key components as power switches, capacitor, bus bars, driver …” „… for all components of the power electronics. Additionally, this second level comprises the control …”

D. Vorgerd The Mercedes-Benz eCitaro – A modular concept for sustainable electro mobility in city bus operations S. 9-18

„… technological components are situated on the roof and in the rear allowing for optimum weight distribution …” „… capacity demands an 8 ton front axle has been developed. It allows for full use of the legal limit of 19.5 …” „… eCitaro’s drive system is provided by an electric portal axle with electric motors at the wheel hubs. The …”

G. Schünemann The eTrailer – Intelligent hybridization for heavy duty commercial vehicles – Electric drive installed in a semi-trailer and integrated in the truck & trailer overall brake system control leading to s... S. 87-98

„… axles and (partially) alternative propulsion, as well as certain bus types, Directive 2015/719 allows …” „… also for the Truck/eTrailer combination the dimensioning for the eDrive components is bound to other …” „… certain gaps in usage. The thermal dimensioning of the components has to cover the majority of the …”

W. Schmitt, P. Huse, R. Koehnsen A new chassis-concept for electrified, light commercial vehicles based on innovative forming technologies S. 61-72

„… installation space gets restricted by the front and rear axle, as well as the traction battery. Afterwards …” „… preassigned force application points and axle bearing points are implemented. As a conclusion it can be said …” „… components the construction is running through a series of static simulations, calculating the stress …”

S. Schönherr The new MAN Lion’s City – path-breaking vehicle design concept for more attractive public transport for tomorrow S. 19-32

„… to set new standards for all components. Examples of this are the completely new driveline with the …” „… MAN EfficientHybrid, the independent-wheel suspension on the front axle, the LED lighting functions …” „… components. A new idea in bus design is the set of panelling modules containing all the variable roof …”

K. Kunz Increasing transport efficiency through digitalisation of trailers S. 313-328

„… , 2019 313 involved [12]. This has far-reaching implications for suppliers of raw materials, components …” „… using technologies that reuse and recycle the components [12]. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2350, 2019316 Fig …” „… components and their relations can change over time and be impacted by out-of-system events [12]. The system …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023501

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2019

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

LAND.TECHNIK AgEng 2019

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2361 2019

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J. Philipp Behra Development of increased tire diameters and the effects on axles and drive trains of a combine harvester S. 553-560

„… , FEA and MBS simulation. Subsequently the prototype design was specified and all axle components were …” „… Development of increased tire diameters and the effects on axles and drive trains of a combine …” „… the axles and drive trains of the vehicle. The key elements in this specific development will be part …”

S. A. Duppong, M. Kuhl, O. Delvaux Production System Optimization with Electrified Powertrain S. 421-426

„… application is partnered with electric 8-wheel drive (e8WD) axles and powered by the new eAutoPowr …” „… power is sent through MG1 and MG2 to the ground. MG2 speed is directly connected to axle speed …” „… current IVT’s with hydraulic modules, the electrical components of the eAutoPowr gearbox allow continuous …”

A. Lajunen Development of a tire-soil interaction model for agricultural tractors S. 47-56

„… allows investigating the important energy losses between driving axle and tractive performance because …” „… software provides an extensive component library for powertrains and vehicle dynamics. The simulation model …” „… -dimensional mechanism of the tractor trailer 2) Simplified powertrain 3) Chassis models for three axles 4 …”

T. Herlitzius, H. Fichtl, A. Grosa, M. Henke, M. Hengst Feldschwarm – Modular and Scalable Tillage Systems with Shared Autonomy S. 409-420

„… system requires defined spaces for a large variety of tools, component parts and storage capacities. In …” „… highly productive environment is to maintain soil fertility. Soil compaction due to high axle loads and …” „… structural components. However, the continuous weight increase of all machines and implements and the …”

S. Liljenberg, M. Frederiksen, T. H. Langer Methods to evaluate steering performance of agricultural tractors S. 29-34

„… design engineers on front axle and steering system design, but also poses a challenge on how to test and …” „… unit on a 300hp tractor with independent front axle suspension. The new test method with the steering …” „… technical inventions and improved designs of steering system and axle design. Introduction Despite …”

T. Rudolph, T. Langer, P. Bolton Overcoming design challenges of electro-hydraulic steering systems – What really happened! S. 489-494

„… , develop safety functions and choosing components to obtain the needed approval for on-road driving. This …” „… independent electro-hydraulic steering valve for the rear axle, features like hill drift compensation and …” „… components and safety functions are developed to match high performance level requirements for OEM …”

M. Sax, R. Latsch, T. Anken, V. Moser, P. Krummenacher Automated site-specific overseeding of grassland S. 165-228

„… components can be included using CAN hardware interfaces and a CANoe [11] based restbus simulation. This was …” „… panel for usability tests. Fig. 4: Block diagram of simulation components and signal flow in a …” „… System Functional components of retrofit and OEM SprayMon Systems (see Fig. 6) are: - CW Doppler …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023617

Martin Ralf Münster - Systematic Derivation of Objective Requirements on Vehicle Steering System

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Martin Ralf Münster

Systematic Derivation of Objective Requirements on Vehicle Steering System

Series: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Volume 819 2023

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Subsystem Analysis of the Front Axle S. 93-122

„… requirement derivation or component design.5.2 Simplified Front-Axle Model including Tire Dynamics 1050 10 20 …” „… components about the5.3 Detailed MBS Model of the Front Axle 107Electric Power SteeringAxle SubframeTie …” „… Chapter 5Subsystem Analysis of the Front AxleSimilar to the preceding one, this chapter addresses …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… – Vehicle Steering – Vehicle Design – Steering Design – Front Axle, – BMW AG – Steering Vibration – Robust …” „… Methods Applied to Steering Vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . 403.2.1 Coupling /Decoupling Front Axle and …” „… Steering with LM-FBS Method 403.2.2 Coupling /Decoupling Front Axle and Steering with Four-Pole Method …”

Conclusion S. 189-194

„… vehiclerepresenting the global system is divided into steering and front-axle subsystems. After acomparison of …” „… workpresents a combined method for simultaneous engineering of the front axle and steeringsubsystems separate …” „… Substructuring the Vehicle SteeringChapter 2 starts with a brief introduction to those vehicle components which …”

Deriving Requirements on Subsystem Level S. 35-62

„… subsystems.In Eq. (3.14), subscripts a, b, c indicate arbitrary DoF at the interface and at the components,which …” „… single DoF at the interface and at the components,respectively. The subsystem impedance matrices ZA,B …” „… theinverse dynamics of this component.The set of Eqs. (3.46) is suitable to obtain individual FRF for the …”

Resulting Subsystem Requirements S. 123-152

„… Chapter 6Resulting Subsystem RequirementsRequirements for front axle and steering subsystems are …” „… , requirements for the steering subsystem are derived based on vehicle targetsand assumed front-axle dynamics …” „… .• Secondly, requirements for the front-axle subsystem are derived in analogous manner,based on vehicle …”

Introduction S. 1-12

„… variety of models within thesame or even shortened time, virtual methods for vehicle and component design …” „… prototypes.Experimental measuring with real components ever was and still is the most reliablemethod to accurately assess …” „… asthe front axle or the power steering are being developed by different companies simultaneously.Even …”

Appendix 1 S. 205-224

„… page.The data set used at the simplified front-axle model, introduced in Sec. 5.1, is given byTab. A.2 …” „… . Additional parameters of the simplified front-axle model supplemented by tiredynamics, which is also …” „… parameters used as exemplary configuration of the simplified front-axle model.Longitudinal DoF Rotational DoF …”

Requirement-Based Module Design Using Solution Spaces S. 153-188

„… modules.In a second part, the design of front-axle modules will be shown. Thereby, many front-axle designs …” „… toconcrete design problems of, e. g., the steering and front-axle subsystems design, can be welldemonstrated …” „… of the front axle or the steering, such as shown in Fig 5.11 on page 106 orFig. 4.7 on page 77 …”

Substructuring the Vehicle Steering S. 13-34

„… deliveryof the steering suppliers. Especially at the front axle, the subsystem boundaries have to befurther …” „… system consisting of front-axle and steering subsystems (wheels are hidden) [84].At the complete vehicle …” „… effectiveinterface force between the front axle and the steering. In addition, we assume that the rightand left …”

Subsystem Analysis of the Steering S. 63-92

„… guidance to therefinement of front-axle designs.→ At this stage, all functional criteria the steering has …” „… component characteristics.Upper Steering ColumnIntermediate ShaftTorque SensorRack BearingSteering …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186819123

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