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VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Powertrain Systems in Mobile Machines 2022

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Powertrain Systems in Mobile Machines 2022

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2402 2022

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T. Woopen, S. Hammes, S. Bild Solutions for a needs-based range optimization of battery-electric vehicle platforms S. 127-134

„… vehicle’s high voltage DC grid. All listed components from diesel engine to power electron-ics need to be …” „… air-water/glycol-cooler for the high voltage components. As a diesel-engine seems not to be that eco-friendly and …” „… by today, in agricul-ture industry combustion engine driven vehicles are used almost exclusively. One …”

B. Seba, D. Vidinha Santos, U. Weiss Alternative fuels for vehicles in Off-road sector S. 65-78

„… this component, negatively impacting the complexity of the future engine, including the exhaust after …” „… technical solutions regarding the components  Noise level of the engine (acoustic) The energy density of …” „… , have been receiving a lot of attention for the past decade, alternative fuels for the combustion engine …”

L. Serrao Driving the electric transformation – The evolution of off-highway powertrain S. 135-150

„… combustion engines. The corresponding challenges and requirements are discussed, followed by the methods …” „… developed to address them at sys-tem and component level, including examples based on a case study. 1 …” „… compared to traditional internal combustion engines. The most significant of these features – and their …”

A. Wach Fuel cell systems: Energy supply for the el. Powertrain Fuel Cell applications and technical features S. 105-112

„… . FC-systems can be fitted in the engine compartment of classical truck ICE engines with comparable power …” „… series production with BoP components and FC-systems in 2022/2023. Fuel Cell Market expectations Due to …” „… This Fig. 2: Fuel Cell system and BoP components The PEM (Proton Exchange Membrane) FC-system topology …”

S. Mutschler eLION: A New Platform Approach for the Electrification of Mobile Machines S. 151-162

„… selection of electric components robustness, scalability and functional safety need to be considered …” „… . Increased requirements to efficiency and noise lead to innovations, both on system and component level. In …” „… applications – like stationary, automotive or railway. This requires rugged components – specifically designed …”

R. Morrison, J. Legner Future Electrified Drivetrain for Off-Highway in the 60-80kW Power Range S. 163-170

„… first step, many OEMs want to exchange their combustion engine components with the necessary electric …” „… forest machinery. In support of zero combustion engine exhaust and reduced noise emissions trends, ZF is …” „… increase in the voltage of the power supply becomes necessary. All high voltage components need to be …”

S. Eichler, C. Guernsey The Wheel Loader of Tomorrow: Proof-of-Concept Vehicle & Learnings from Full-Electric Drivetrain Conversion S. 185-198

„… influence an OEM to perform an “engine swap,” which is a direct replacement of the diesel engine with an …” „… of skills and knowledge is now needed at the OEMs to understand electric components and how to …” „… the operator’s tasks must be paired with the right components and system control. Because of Danfoss …”

F. Wohlfahrt, T. Göres, S. Terörde, L. Frerichs Decarbonization Strategies for Heavy Duty Harvesting Machinery S. 47-64

„… a range of ICE-based powertrain solutions that require significantly modified engine components as …” „… higher engine loads this leads to an extensive need of energy storage on the machinery [4]. Figure 1 …” „… clearer by illustrating the resulting consumption behaviour (engine efficiency here simplified constant …”

T. Bögel, T. Herlitzius Wann kommen elektrifizierte und sensorgesteuerte Antriebssystemmodule in der Landtechnik? S. 211-222

„… and vehicles is today largely based on internal combustion engines, in which the chemical energy bound …” „… specific application process. To date, diesel engines have been used almost exclusively as the primary …” „… engine pentane 1:1. Fig. 3.: Battery dimension for a standard tractor portfolio [2] Such concepts were …”

S. Rinderknecht, S. Foulard, R. Fietzek Resource-efficient dimensioning, usage and maintenance of machine components through AI-based virtual sensors S. 241-XII

„… Resource-efficient dimensioning, usage and maintenance of machine components through AI-based …” „… sensors can enable real-time monitoring of machin-ery components. AI-based virtual sensors use data from …” „… to calculate additional values, which are decisive regarding the durability of these components …”

A. Kampker, H. H. Heimes, M. Kehrer, S. Dünnwald, S. Hagedorn, S. Biegler Integration and modularization approaches for fuel cell solutions in commercial vehicles S. 171-184

„… cell and HV components can be integrated into the engine compartment. With a storage capacity of 160 …” „… für Production Engineering of E-Mobility Components (PEM) der RWTH Aachen Zusammenfassung Die …” „… have a short range. Currently, many vehicle manufacturers extend their ex-isting combustion engine …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-X

„… combustion engine …” „… , S. Biegler, Lehrstuhl für Production Engineering of E-Mobility Components (PEM) der RWTH AachenThe …” „… maintenance of machine components through AI-based virtual sensors …”

W. Breu, L. Reuter HELIOS – A hydrogen-electric operated tractor system S. 95-104

„… change from the currently prevailing drive tech-nologies of fossil combustion engines in agricultural …” „… . All high voltage components are connected over a power distribution unit (PDU) which also contains the …” „… compared to diesel engines, where the exhaust system takes away a large part of the generated heat. In …”

M. Pußack, L. Frerichs Electrification of linear positioning and working functions in mobile machines S. 199-210

„… . The move away from diesel engines in municipal vehicles to electric drive con-cepts enables a local …” „… realization of an oil-free machine by substituting hydraulic compo-nents with electric drives also eliminates …” „… adjoins other components. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2402, 20222003.1 Development of the electric drive solution …”

E. Schobesberger The Off-Highway Machine of the future – concepts of alternative drive technologies S. 1-12

„… . In order to achieve the climate targets, alternative drive systems other than the combustion engine …” „… the production of components and drive systems. In the area of hydrogen technologies in particular, it …” „… non-negligible CO2 footprint of these components. Since, of course, the utilisation phase is also crucial for …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024027

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Testen und Validieren elektrischer Antriebsstränge

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Testen und Validieren elektrischer Antriebsstränge

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2412 2023

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

A. J. Wimmer, T. Pletzer Testen bei hohen Drehzahlen und höchsten Leistungen: Herausforderungen und Lösungen – Innovative Prüfstandsaufbauten und Nachrüstlösungen für bestehende Systeme S. 1-18

„… Abstract The requirements of testing facilities for components and assemblies of drive systems have …” „… such components have been produced in series long since and, therefore, inline and EOL testing is …” „… product revealings. 1.1 Power Requirements for Testing of E-Mobility Components over Years Since the …”

R. Matthies Abtastwertauflösende Plausibilisierungsmethoden für DC- und AC-Stromgrößen mit hohen Abtastraten S. 111-120

„… development of combustion engine drives, much faster detecting systems are needed to measure the electric …” „… clocked measured signals can thus be recorded and examined for the fundamental frequency component as well …” „… as relevant harmonics. However, signal components in the megahertz range which are not relevant for …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024126

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Ventiltrieb und Zylinderkopf 2019

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

Ventiltrieb und Zylinderkopf 2019

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2353 2019

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

A. A. Möller Cam-less valve train opportunities – Implementing a Freevalve valve train in an automotive application S. 269-VIII

„… will be demonstrated with its implications on the engine’s auxiliary component design while the …” „… engines and vehicles for over ten years. Two rolling demonstrators were presented in public in 2016 …” „… pneumatic valve-train. It is however the conceptual change of engine design freedom as well as operational …”

C. O. Huber, A. Zurk Cylinder Head Solutions for 300bar and beyond – Next generation commercial and large engines’ advanced design and simulation S. 171-190

„… significant focus for the base engine components cylinder head and piston unit is on cooling capability as …” „… Cylinder Head Solutions for 300bar and beyond Next generation commercial and large engines …” „… , Österreich Abstract High-speed natural gas engines have been spread significantly in the last few …”

R. D. Stone Camcon Intelligent Valve Technology – a Powerful Tool for Combustion Development S. 89-104

„… optimisation and more fundamental studies based on single cylinder research engines have now become apparent …” „… variables lift, timing, period, event shape, etc. can be adjusted without even stopping the engine! In fact …” „… engine (SCE) intended purely for research and development purposes. In the case of the former, cost …”

M. Breuer, D. Furtado, K. Grimm, S. Moormann, S. Schmitt, M. Seibel Frictional Performance of the fully variable Valve Train UpValve S. 45-62

„… train optimization. It is demonstrated, that and why the additional components introduced for the VVA …” „… components only add up to these type-2 (RFF type) underpinnings. The heart of the system is the rocker (R …” „… ]. 2. UpValve Application: advanced 2,0l I4 SI Engine with Cylinder Deactivation The results …”

A. Puck, A. J. Müller, C. Luven, C. Beerens Motorventilsysteme für höchste thermische Beanspruchungen – Anforderungen an Motorventile im Lambda = 1 - Betrieb S. 145-156

„… engine valve system and measures to limit the thermal load will be discussed in this article. Components …” „… legislation, stoichiometric engine operation will gradually become necessary over the next few years. A …” „… at the exhaust valve. For "component protection" at higher loads and speeds, a mixture enrichment is …”

F. Himsel, T. Werblinski, W. Christgen Schaltbare Ventiltriebsysteme – von der Hydraulik zur Elektromechanik S. 25-44

„… , Switchable Valve Train Components for Passenger Car Diesel Engines as Contribution to RDE Legislation …” „… and can be employed for various valve train variabilities for gasoline as well as diesel engines …” „… engines will be outlined. By enhanced valve deactivation the parasitic air purge for the exhaust after …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023532

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (Hrsg.)

ELIV 2023

Reihe: VDI-Berichte

Band 2423 2023

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

S. Spitzer, S. Wahl Hydrogen – A Game Changer in the Automotive Industry ... and Beyond S. 689-702

„… 2 Engine, all main components are designed and manufactured by Bosch, with an even higher vertical …” „… large-scale production for HD fuel cell systems already started and the system components for the H2 Engine …” „… Off-Road (OR) market. H2 solutions like Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV) and H2 Engine will achieve a …”

J. Sieracki, R. Yang, A. Vamos, M. Caggiano Seeing with Sound: AI-Based Detection of Participants in Automotive Environment from Passive Audio S. 293-306

„… inexpensive reference architecture based on automotive grade components, and report on the updated state of …” „… automotive qualified HW components, including VDI-Berichte Nr. 2423, 2023294microphones, processing, and …” „… be supported by all components. Water and dust pose extra challenges towards the microphone module …”

O. Meyer, B. Böhlen Mastering the software update complexity of modern vehicles S. 199-210

„… , comprehensive version for all software components within an automotive vehicle poses numerous challenges in the …” „… Software has been an important component of vehicles for decades, but its role and complexity have changed …” „… differentiation of vehicles. Treating software like physical components and managing them with the traditional …”

N. Pfullmann Electrified commercial vehicle trailers – how to turn a conventional trailer into a hybrid vehicle S. 703-710

„… with combustion engine trucks. Alternatively, the system can also be used as a range extender for …” „… housing the high-voltage battery, the thermal management system as well as all other components like fuses …” „… EBS performance as well as traction support. The box housing the battery and other components is …”

P. Fietkau, L. Diebolder Challenges in the Synchronous Development of Software, Hardware and Mechanics for Drive Systems S. 559-572

„… . The individual mechanical, software and hardware components are developed on the lowest level …” „… in the development and a synchronous component development for software, hardware and mechanics …” „… components, i.e. parts, and jumps directly from the vehicle level to the component level. In the future, this …”

S. Miller, L. Nicoletti A Holistic Approach for Designing a Battery Electric Vehicle Thermal Management System S. 77-90

„… energy losses occurring in the powertrain, drivetrain, and thermal management components. Subsequently …” „… thermal management system must manage the waste heat from the engine and ensure thermal stability. The …” „… management components is of utmost importance. A further challenge is posed by the traction battery. The …”

G. Shirasat, T. Dannemann Snapdragon Ride Flex SoC: The central compute solution that’s bringing the SDV vision to reality S. 253-266

„… automotive cloud-native software components. On top of the platform software, automotive OEMs are enabling …” „… , sensors, and services. This provides the necessary components to connect the vehicle to the cloud …” „… functional stack that would typically comprise of a combination of software components that could be …”

M. Pfeifle, N. Zeller, A. vom Felde Combining ADAS and SD Maps for Augmented Reality Guidance S. 135-148

„… environmental information from a visual perception engine into account. For instance, if the driver needs to …” „… scenarios shown in [3]). Additionally, an active and complete visual perception engine detects cars …” „… , pedestrians, bikes, traffic signs, traffic lights, lane information, and more. This perception engine can run …”

A. Beyfuß, M. Wirtz, T. Hein, J. Feng, P. Crowther, O. Forrest QuietComfort Road Noise Control – Helping Carmakers Design Better Cars S. 39-60

„… . To resolve the problem, active noise control (ANC) methods were developed, including Engine Harmonic …” „… – with the understanding that sound system components and system architecture are controlling factors in …” „… chassis components – have meant adding significant mass to vehicles. That added mass has a negative impact …”

S. K S, Tata Elxsi, N. Velinov Software-Defined Vehicle: Combining Real-Time Safety Critical Functions with Cloud Connectivity S. 543-558

„… functional safety with software will increase. Software components, which have been developed according to …” „… broken down into several components (Figure 3). SOA (service-oriented architecture) is used to …” „… but has been extensively covered in other publications. [6], [7] Fig. 3: Component diagram of the …”

F. Kraemer Development and Testing Autonomous Vehicles (AV) at Scale S. 149-158

„… a direct memory access (DMA) engine to move VDI-Berichte Nr. 2423, 2023 151data on a direct path …” „… of testing complex systems, especially those that involve hardware components. Here's why …” „… involve a mix of cloud-based components and physical hardware, cloud-adjacent HIL testing can simulate …”

Z. Bassi, P. Gulden Using Radar and Vision Fusion for Improved Low-light Pedestrian Detection S. 113-132

„… backup application and keep the cost low. Our overall pipeline has components similar to [2], however …” „… custom warping engine, which can apply complex geometric transformations to the video, followed by any …” „… 64x128 was used and typically feature subsampling of 2. The fundamental component of the cascaded …”

A. Weichslgartner Automotive Software Vulnerabilities: Strategies for Early Detection, Mitigation, and Prevention in the Software-Development-Lifecycle S. 463-478

„… prevention, control unit, cruise, drivesync, engine control, infotainment, keyless entry, lane keep assist …” „… phase the use of specific third-party SW components can be decided. This can be specified in a design …” „… a third-party component is evident. 4.4 Implementation As shown in Section 2, most vulnerabilities …”

L. Li, M. Schlecker, T. Zipper AI-Based Energy Management of Next Generation Architectures S. 391-404

„… components and subsystems. Furthermore, the integration of electronic fuses (eFuses) and the availability of …” „… modernization of the vehicle, as shown in Fig. 1. As the internal combustion engine (ICE) starter was first …” „… way into the vehicle like electronic engine and transmission control. Along with sophisticated …”

M. Nestoriuc, H. Walia Criticality driven data acquisition in autonomous driving – A basis for completeness and safety argumentation S. 1-16

„… description of the procedure to define the Reference sensor system and it’s components can be found under [7 …” „… of travel between the locations derived from a Routing Engine as Cost Matrix. Post-Drive-Analytics …” „… the underlying data flow and components, presented during the VVM Mid-term event [11]. VDI-Berichte …”

O. Kotte, L. Beermann, D. Ziegenbein, S. Ravi, M. Vinnakota Master Algorithm for Event-based Co-Simulation with FMI 3.0 for Timing Accurate Software-in-the-Loop S. 447-462

„… re-usability of the software components. Exploiting select FMI 3.0 features, the algorithm can be used to …” „… testing of production code in a vECU or distributed system. Introduction Automotive engine control units …” „… ) components. Any problems found at this stage are expensive to address. To avoid this, Software-in-the-Loop …”

C. Wilks, J. Roslak New Opportunities with Software Defined Lighting – Appearance drives Emotionalization S. 61-76

„… by the hardware features. For example, OEMs built their marketing strategy on basis of engine …” „… Functions The approach of a pixel-based display as a component of a signal light enables a high degree of …” „… standard components in lighting technology as well as the centralization of the software and the E/E …”

M. Bornemann, F. Baumann Sustainable Software Development for Cloud-Native Vehicles S. 519-532

„… microcontrollers, Automotive Ethernet switches and power components such as electronic fuses and high side drivers …” „… , engine and optionally dampers.  The application compute nodes are called Open Server Platforms (OSPs …”

A. Matarage A leap in innovation – What European OEMs can learn from Chinese OEMs in terms of User Experience S. 503-518

„… imported vehicle components. It was only 30 years later, in the 1950s that the first indigenous Chinese …” „… automotive industry. Instead of focusing on combusting engines, the Chinese automotive industry could achieve …” „… demand, by subsidizing buyers or punishing the ones opting for combustion engine, which they are still …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024232

Bernhard Geringer, Hans-Peter Lenz - 40. Internationales Wiener Motorensymposium 15.-17. Mai 2019

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Bernhard Geringer (Hrsg.), Hans-Peter Lenz (Hrsg.)

40. Internationales Wiener Motorensymposium 15.-17. Mai 2019

Reihe: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Band 811 2019

Treffer in den folgenden Teilen:

B. Lehman, K. Luchansky, C. Mariott, S. Shin Der neue 2.7L Turbomotor von General Motors/The New 2.7L Turbo Engine from General Motors S. I-108-I-130

„… Key Attributes (right) The cylinder head is integral to any engine and houses many components and …” „… - Figure 5. 2 Stage, Dual-Path (PCV) System Components and Routing Combustion System Once engine …” „… engine fuel consumption targets. To address this, several components were examined and optimized – main …”

V. Verdino, P. Lavazza, D. Rampone, L. Garzarella, A. Mogavero, A. Vassallo, J. Barta, J. Catalogna, S. Franco, C. Marlett, M. Umierski Der neue General Motors 3,0 Liter Duramax Diesel-Sechszylinderreihenmotor für die 2019er Modelle des Chevrolet Silverado und des GMC Sierra /The New General Motors 3.0 Liter Duramax Diesel Inline 6-Cy... S. II-208-II-247

„… validated at standalone component level, engine level and vehicle level through a set of validations …” „… -cylinder Engine for the 2019 Chevrolet Silverado and GMC Sierra Der neue General Motors 3,0 Liter Duramax …” „… new Duramax 3.0-liter 6-cylinder inline diesel engine. This engine has been designed from “clean sheet …”

D. Choi, Y.-S. Kang, l.-C. Cheong, Y.-R. Chung, J.-K. Lee, J. Chun Der neue Hyundai-Kia 2.2L Vierzylinder Dieselmotor - Smartstream D2.2 FR/The New Hyundai-Kia 2.2L 4-Cylinder Diesel Engine - Smartstream D2.2 FR S. II-26-II-48

„… engine components listed in the following graphical chart have been newly designed and applied in …” „… improve dynamics All of the engine components listed in the following graphical chart have been newly …” „… The New Hyundai-Kia 2.2L 4-Cylinder Diesel Engine Smartstream D2.2 FR Der neue Hyundai-Kia …”

K. Philibert-Palmer, C. Dicken, D. Mumford, M. Harper Das innovative Erdgaseinspritzsystem Westport HPDI 2.0 - C02-Einsparungen bei schweren Nutzfahrzeugen mit Flussigerdgas als Kraftstoff /The Innovative Westport HPDI 2.0 Natural Gas Injection System - ... S. II-248-II-265

„… constraints on packaging and clearance to base engine components, so a number of solutions were successful on …” „… developing HPDI natural gas systems for Heavy Duty truck engines for over twenty years. The first generation …” „… system (HPDI 1.0) has been discussed in numerous papers [1], [2], [3]; from the start, engines equipped …”

T. Tabata, H. Shibata, H. Katsurahara, Y. Konishi Weiterentwicklung eines flexiblen Motorsteuerungssystems für Benzinmotoren unter Berücksichtigung zukunftiger Elektrifizierung /Evolution of Versatile Gasoline ICE Core System, Considering Future Elec... S. II-266-II-286

„… focused on the development of a flexible engine core system to cover the needs of a wide range of …” „… powertrains from conventional internal combustion engine only powertrains through to full hybrids. The core …” „… a high performance core system covering a wide range of engine applications from the "the ultimate …”

Keiji Kaita Diversifizierte Elektrifizierung - Kernpunkt bei Toyotas Streben in Richtung nachhaltiger Gesellschaft /Diversified Electrification - The Key for Toyota's Challenge towards a Sustainable Society S. I-1-I-16

„… , and has worked to improve engine thermal efficiency while evolving the main components of the hybrid …” „… RX450h and the battery is taken from the Camry HEV (Fig. 6). Core components Engine Motor Battery …” „… understanding the characteristics of core components and their related technologies. Following this approach …”

H. Sandquist, S. Li Modulare Hybrid Powertrain Familie fur weltweiten Einsatz/Modular Hybrid Powertrain Family for Global Application S. II-287-II-299

„… Holding group. By using the modularity built into the 3-cylinder engine and electrified 7DCT transmission …” „… components. The resulting hybrid powertrain family ranges from 48V mild hybrid, full hybrid to plug-in …” „… of independently developing and producing car parts, engines, transmissions and electrical systems …”

R. Osborne, A. Lane, N. Turner, L. McWilliam, N. Hinton, M. McAllister, J. Geddes, J. Gidney, J. Cleeton, P. Atkins, R. Morgan Ein Mager-Benzinmotor der neuen Generation für reduzierte CCfe-Emissionen in einer elektrifizierten Welt /A New-Generation Lean Gasoline Engine for Reduced CO2 in an Electrified World S. I-85-I-107

„… and aftertreatment components are described. A prototype multi-cylinder engine and vehicle have been …” „… combustion and soot optimisation Aftertreatment system optimisation All technologies, engines, components …” „… ; ~ Abstract In an era of rapidly increasing vehicle electrification, the gasoline engine remains a vital part …”

M. Alt, N. Fuhrmann, O. Bopple, L. Cloos, P. Souhaite Elektrifizierte Verbrennungsmotoren fur Volumenhersteller/The Road to Mainstream Availability of Electrified Combustion Engines S. I-131-I-149

„… account the competing alternatives under investigation. The evaluation of advanced engine component …” „… Summary Hybrid powertrains are the evolution of internal combustion engines, not their competitors. In …” „… the foreseeable future, all new internal combustion engines at Groupe PSA will be combined with an …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-I-I-VIII

„… Österreichischen Vereins für Kraftfahrzeugtechnik (ÖVK), Wien. Keywords: New Otto and Diesel Engines – Hybrid …” „… – Components / Emission Concepts – Electric Drives – Low Emission – Fuel Cell – Future Powertrain Concepts …” „… – Fuels – Innovative Engines – Heavy Duty Vehicles – Autonomous Driving – View to the Future Abstract …”

M. S. Choi, Y. H. Kwak, D. Roth, D. Jakiela, J. Song Untersuchung von Technologien zur Verbesserung der Kraftstoffeffizienz bei Turbo GDI Engine: CDA, Miller-Zyklus mit Ventilereignis, Wassereinspritzung, ND-AGR und hohem Kompressionsverhaltnis /Investi... S. II-300-II-314

„… , the next generation of turbocharged gasoline engines must meet stricter emissions targets combined …” „… offer significant improvements to the efficiency of turbocharged GDI engines: Miller Cycle via late …” „… well-understood, in this study we directly compare these technologies to each other on the same engine at a range …”

M. Tobin, M. Robinson, S. Hawkins, S. Tarnowsky Praxiserfahrungen im Fahreinsatz und Ladeverhalten von GM-Elektrofahrzeugen/Real World Customer Driving and Charging Behavior with GM Electric Vehicles S. I-265-I-278

„… lighter users. By utilizing these two components, EV capability and usage characteristics, the team …” „… (eTrip) A trip where the engine remained off from key-on to keyoff The following metrics are used to …” „… smog-forming emissions are generated in the first minute of engine operation. Because of this, the zVMT and …”

W. H. Pettit, D. A. Masten, C. E. Freese, M. Bork, M. M. Mann Antriebssysteme fur Brennstoffzellen und Batterien - eine Abwägung/Fuel Cell and Battery Propulsion System - the Balance S. I-326-II-X

„… fueled Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs), and even a hybrid vehicle with wheel motors. BEVs were the …” „… , reliant upon the internal combustion engines and multi-speed transmissions. Once again, automotive …” „… gas without carbon capture emits 20 to 30 percent less CO2 compared to internal combustion engines.8 …”

A. Kufferath, D. Naber, M. Kruger, S. Hausberger, S. Lipp, H. Steven EU6d - Analyse der Randbedingungen und Ableitung der Emissionsauswirkungen am Beispiel des weiterentwickelten Diesel Powertrain /EU6d - Analysis of Boundary Conditions and Evaluation of the Impact on ... S. I-172-I-197

„… geringen NOx-Emissionen engine-out zu bewerkstelligen. Gerade in dieser Phase darf allerdings nicht außer …” „… Aachen Colloquium Automobile and Engine Technology, Aachen 2015 [1-2] D. Naber, A. Kufferath, M …” „… ] https://www.adac.de/infotestrat/tests/eco-test/default.aspx?ComponentId=29755&SourcePageId=8749&quer=ecotest [5-4] Developing a test program and analysis of emissions …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186811127

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