„… ., tailoring the molecular structure of a fuel to the specific needs of an internal combustion engine, shall be …” „… physicochemical fuel properties influence the performance of an internal combustion engine? Which molecular …” „… internal combustion engines built to minimize emissions and maximize fuel efficiency. Any formal definition …”

„… - chemical and physical properties of the fuels for advanced combustion engines (FACE) research diesel fuels …” „… characterization of combustion behaviour of new diesel fuels for low emission engines. Combustion Science and …” „… Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference ICEF2013, 13.-16.10.2013, Dearborn, Michigan, USA …”

„… properties for use in high-efficiency, low-emission internal combustion engines. Based on the principles of …” „… combustion engines. Following a description of the theoretical foundations of fuel design, an algorithm for …” „… low levels of engine-out soot emissions. Finally, an optimization-based approach for the formulation …”

„… performance of an internal combustion engine (cf. Section 2.1). Hechinger et al. (2010) have suggested to …” „… The target combustion system is a boosted direct injection spark-ignition engine, like those studied …” „… properties for combustion in a boosted direct-injection spark-ignition (SI) engine. fuel property lower bound …”

„… the internal combustion engine to remain a prominent drive technology in this segment of the transport …” „… internal combustion engines. Moreover, platform molecules derived via hydrolysis and aqueous-phase …” „… expected to face strong competition from electricity and potentially hydrogen (Fulton et al., 2015). For …”

„… been measured in an ASTM D613 (2015) cooperative fuels research (CFR) engine, whereas a much larger set …” „… combustion bomb experiments and from mixture data (Murphy et al., 2004). The limitations of existing models …” „… IQT combustion chamber must equal 2.1 MPa. Moreover, the charge air temperature as recorded by a …”

„… number of carbon atoms and the amount of bonded hydrogen. The first principle ensures that each feasible …” „… combination of precursor molecule(s) and product molecule satisfies the reaction stoichiometry, where hydrogen …” „… their enthalpy of combustion is zero. The first principle therefore resembles both the concept of …”

„… of the internal combustion engine systems, the enormous computerization of cars leading to the …” „… infrastructures such as electricity systems or hydrogen supply networks. The fact that internal combustion …” „… advantages of Diesel and Otto motor systems. For such highly effective combustion engines optimal synfuels …”

„… chambers in internal combustion engines Einhaltung der CO2-Emissionsnormen als Herausforderung für eine …” „… internal combustion engine, still the best possible, but still not using fully energy contained in fuel …” „… . This article touches just standard internal combustion engine and is a continuation and development of …”

„… of Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engines 264 – 277 L. Farrell PhD, T. Frazier PhD, Cummins Inc …” „… Technical Implementation of a Constant Volume Combustion in a Real Engine 202 – 227 Dipl.-Ing. J …” „… Standards as a Challenge for the Thermal Activation of Combustion Chambers in Internal Combustion Engines …”

„… : the New Generation of Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engines Kurzfassung Der Verbrennungsmotor ist …”

„… ., KOENIGSTEIN, A., FUHRMANN, N.: Combustion Engines for Electrified Powertrains – Systems Engineering between …” „… and efficient internal combustion engines, both gasoline and diesel. By enabling different propulsion …” „… engine in the majority of vehicles in the near future. Hence, further development of the combustion …”

„… of Hydrogen Internal Combustion Engines in a Future Mobility Scenario; SAE paper 2003-01-2267, SAE …” „… . Heller: Advanced Combustion Concepts and Development Methods for Hydrogen IC Engines; FISITA World …” „… Paper 2009-01-1420 in: Hydrogen IC Engines, SP-2251, ISBN 9780768021479, S. 19-28, SAE International …”

„… bio-fuel, hydrogen and e-fuels considering to meet customer requirements and acceptance region by region …” „… power unit products of motorcycle, automobile, marine, power products, private jet, aircraft engines …” „… electricity, hydrogen, e-fuels, and bio-fuel originated from solar power, wind power biomass sources can be …”

„… internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEV); diesel ICEV; compressed natural gas (CNG) ICEV; liquefied …” „… Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Trailer system (artic lorries only only) Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Engine Y Y Y Y Y …” „… vehicles; (3) also needed for dual-/bi-fuel vehicles; (4) Different types - e.g. CNG, LNG, LPG, hydrogen …”

„… hand, the use and the availability of internal combustion engines as power sources will remain for a …” „… exactly whether and when and to what extent the internal combustion engines will be replaced by new …” „… energy by internal combustion engines or power electronics and electric motors, if necessary with …”

„… . The evaluated four powertrains are conventional powertrain with diesel engine, parallel hybrid …” „… correspondingly large influence on the machines that are today to a large amount driven by diesel engines …” „… diesel engine, parallel hybrid configuration in combination with alternative fuels, battery electric …”

„… implemented. If the sector Agriculture – for which CO2 emissions from internal combustion engines in …” „… combustion processes in Europe and Germany will be quantified to capture the importance of alternatively …” „… on the development of CO2 emissions out of fossil combustion since 1990 up to today, a clear decline …”

„… combustion engine (ICE) development. Historically, gasoline engines are less complex to manage for very low …” „… transport is almost completely powered by internal combustion engines (ICEs), while air transport is …” „… designing and improving internal combustion engines (ICEs). If the fuel formulation would become a design …”

„… fueled Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs), and even a hybrid vehicle with wheel motors. BEVs were the …” „… , reliant upon the internal combustion engines and multi-speed transmissions. Once again, automotive …” „… gas without carbon capture emits 20 to 30 percent less CO2 compared to internal combustion engines.8 …”

„… for different engine/topology combinations, compared with the non-electrified combustion engine fuel …” „… Summary Hybrid powertrains are the evolution of internal combustion engines, not their competitors. In …” „… the foreseeable future, all new internal combustion engines at Groupe PSA will be combined with an …”

„… only with gasoline engine but also with different types of powertrains like gasoline hybrid, hydrogen …” „… cooling of inter bore Extremely high combustion pressure in diesel engines is transferred directly …” „… come out of the engine is reduced. Finally, engine test with the final new combustion system was …”

„… (Deu: Hochspannung) ICE Interal Combustion Engine (Deu: Verbrennungsmotor) Lambda Relativ …” „… .: Homogeneous lean burn engine combustion system development concept study, 18. International Stuttgarter …” „… Engineering-Target entsprechen. Die Exothermie in den Katalysatoren bei Nennleistung wurde abgesichert. Sie liegt …”

„… Transmission Power control unit High-pressure hydrogen tanks FC stack Control Engine HEV Engine Charging PHEV …” „… - Fig. 15 Thermal Efficiency Improvements for Internal Combustion Engine A wide range of fuel …” „… society based on sustainable energy by developing hydrogen production technology and logistics with lower …”

„… spark-ignition (SI) engines. Auto-ignition in the end-gas leads to strong pressure waves in the combustion …” „… : An Image Analysis of High Speed Combustion Photographs for D.I. Diesel Engine with High Pressure …” „… pressure and swirl on in-cylinder �� pattern and combustion in a compression–ignition engine …”

„… methane, hydrogen, oxygen, and argon at elevated pressures. Combustion and Flame 159 (2012) 918–931 [6 …” „… . Warnatz. Ignition Processes in Hydrogen-Oxygen Mixtures. Combustion and Flame, 74:53, 1988. [10] G. P …” „… in hydrogen-methane-air mixtures in semi confined flat channels. Energy. Volume 116, Part 3, 1 …”

„… Combustion Engine (ICE)) entfernt und wurden bisher kaum erforscht. Um solche Prozesse erfolgreich …” „… 14 (2011) 185–192. [3] R. Hegner, B. Atakan, Int. J. Hydrogen Energ. (2016). [4] H. Gossler, O …” „… . Deutschmann, Int. J. Hydrogen Energ. 40 (2015) 11046–11058. [5] C. Rasmussen, P. Glarborg, Ind. Eng. Chem …”

„… , „Optimization of a hydrogen combustion mechanism using both direct and indirect measurements,“ Proceedings of …” „… linearen Transformationsmodells Chemical-kinetic Model Optimisation for the Combustion of Biogenic …” „… . Abstract The objective of this work is the optimisation of a chemical kinetic model for the combustion of …”

„… Modeling the combustion of pellet with Extended Discrete Element Method Numerical simulation of …” „… combustion by a DEM-CFD approach Prof. Dr.-Ing. B. Peters, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg; Dr.-Ing …” „… processes of solid conversion as heating-up, drying, pyrolysis, combustion and gasification are taken into …”

„… char combustion rates consider diffusion to the particle, and through the porous structure of the char …” „… is assumed that char is composed only of pure carbon and that the entire hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen …” „… , formulations, solutions, evaluation, and application of comprehensive combustion models. Progress in Energy …”