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VDI Wissensforum GmbH - International Conference on Gears 2017

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

International Conference on Gears 2017

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2294 2017

Results in this title

A. Pogacnik, S. Beermann Measuring permissible root/flank stress of plastic gears according to the VDI 2736-4 S. 1541-1552

„… lower failure probability According to the VDI 2736-4 guideline, each test condition (T(torque …” „… the 10% damage probability. If necessary, cycles to failure can easily be calculated also for lower …” „… probability. As shown in Table 1, this results in lowering the average number of cycles for 30%, depending on …”

U. Kissling, M. Stangl The documentation of gearbox reliability – an upcoming demand S. 1051-1062

„… for relatively low probabilities: The lower horizontal red line is on the 90% probability level. Here …” „… effective stress. The permissible stress is determined based on a failure probability of the material …” „… considered as safe or not. Therefore, it is quite difficult to understand the result of a gear strength …”

H. B. Endeshaw, S. Ekwaro-Osire, F. M. Alemayehu, J. P. Dias Estimation of remaining useful life of gears with uncertainties in loading and material parameters S. 1063-1072

„… results in uncertain RUL prediction. It is therefore essential to quantify these uncertainties in RUL …” „… uncertainty quantification of load and Paris’ material constants is crucial in RUL prediction. The results of …” „… that probabilistic analysis provides the probability of failure of gears at any time step. This …”

C. Hasl, P. Oster, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Bending strength of oil-lubricated cylindrical plastic gears – Modified bending strength calculation based on VDI 2736 S. 1649-1660

„… plastic gears. Experimental results with steel-plastic spur gear pairings prove that load-induced …” „… ] including the maximum root strength ( ) data for POM by comparison with own test results for injection …” „… results for , according to ACORA are in good correlation with results of numeric calculations (finite …”

J. Reißmann, E. Leidich Computation of the tooth root strength of Worm Wheels with a calculation program based on local stresses S. 373-394

„… strength with 50% survival probability. The results for 10% und 90% survival probability show higher …” „… . To gain better results a local calculation method was figured out. To improve the userfriendliness …” „… evaluation. The final result is the utilization factor to evaluate the worm gear. 1. Introduction …”

Foreword S. 1-4

„… , at low cost and with minimal losses and noise emission. However, the demands which can only be met …” „… required for the load bearing capacity, life expectancy and failure probability as well as better test …” „… results in the powertrain industry and academia are presented and dis- These contributions cover a wide …”

C. Brecher, C. Löpenhaus, J. Pollaschek Influence of surface layer properties on tooth root bending strength of cylindrical gears S. 421-432

„… designed gear to a standardized reference gear set which has a large database of test results. An …” „… prediction of local survival probability can be made. One approach of calculating load carrying capacity of …” „… Model show very good results for simple specimen as well as beveloid gears of module mn ≈ 2 mm. A …”

M. W. Seidel, A. Zösch, K. Härtel Grinding burn inspection – tools for supervising and objectifying of the testing process S. 1003-1014

„… Ingenieurbetrieb GmbH, Crimmitschau, Germany Abstract Any form of mechanical processing of steel parts results …” „… evaluation of non-destructive test methods as well as for STE. This lecture shares experience and results …” „… martensite, a lower hardness than the unaffected material and by tensile residual stress. Re-hardened zones …”

N. Sagraloff, M. Hein, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Practical use of micropitting test results according to FVA 54/7 for calculation of micropitting load capacity acc. to ISO/TR 15144-1 S. 143-152

„… Practical use of micropitting test results according to FVA 54/7 for calculation of micropitting …” „… parameters for micropitting tests according to FVA 54/7 and using the obtained results for calculation of …” „… . First, a step test for predefined load stages with increasing torque is performed. Result of this step …”

J. Lohmiller, J. Hoffmeister, J. Hermes, M. Ansorg, H. Dhonau Development and investigation of austempered ductile iron (ADI) for thick-walled gear components S. 963-976

„… for heavy industrial applications with low rotational frequency but very high output torque in …” „… low content of trace elements, e.g. titanium, which causes carbides and graphite degradation …” „… . The results presented in this study are entirely obtained from samples prepared out of the planetary …”

C. Gorla, E. Conrado, F. Rosa, F. Concli Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) for gears: manufacturing, performances and tests S. 977-988

„… , the teeth can be obtained by broaching and, thanks to the low distortion which can be granted by the …” „… . The paper describes the adopted test procedures and the test results obtained on gear specimens by …” „… means of Single Tooth Bending Fatigue (STBF) and pitting tests. The results are compared with the data …”

C. Güntner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl “Alternative” microstructures and their influence on mechanical properties of case-hardened gears S. 399-410

„… investigated in experimental test-runs, using spur gears. The results of the variants with “alternative …” „… ” microstructure show some differences, e.g. in the hardness profiles, compared to results of “standard” case …” „… results was further reduced. But no increase of the carrying capacity was obtained. By thermochemical …”

A. Kubo Change of gear steel quality as function of globalization – Back ground of the development for high speed automatic hardness tester S. 41-50

„… the deterioration of gear steel quality is its rational result. Some examples of gear failure are …” „… gears, I feel that the probability of material problem causing gear failure looks increasing since the …” „… result of the globalization, because purchasing department of machine company looks for the cheapest one …”

A. Furtmann, G. Poll Electrical stress and parasitic currents in machine elements of drive trains with voltage source inverters S. 109-118

„… . As a result, a voltage that is proportional to the common-mode voltage occurs at the motor bearings …” „… Master-Slave-Arrangement (left) and current probe for measuring bearing currents (right). 4. Results First measurements …” „… results of the simulation with the gear mesh capacitance assumed constant at the minimum calculated value …”

B. Leupold, V. Janzen, G. Kotthoff, D. Eichholz Validation approach of PM gears for eDrive applications S. 119-130

„… exemplary results in case of performance and NVH behavior. In the following, the adaption of the surface …” „… 85 HP (Fe-0,85Mo)+ 0.25%C with a tooth root bending stress of 1153 MPa (50% failure probability) is …” „… transmissions are also a crucial element of our gear strategy at GKN. Motivated by the positive results of the …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181022948

Yasser Estuardo Samayoa Paredes - Low-Delay Video Communication System over Wireless Channels Based on HEVC and OFDM

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Yasser Estuardo Samayoa Paredes

Low-Delay Video Communication System over Wireless Channels Based on HEVC and OFDM

Series: Informatik/ Kommunikation

Volume 881 2023

Results in this title

Video Communication System S. 85-119

„… resultsThe performance of two video communication systems, namely oneconfigured with a binary channel and the …” „… distinguished: GOP = 2,GOP = 6 and GOP = {64,128}.4.5.3 ResultsIn this section, the results regarding the video …” „… 4V I D E O C O M M U N I C AT I O N S Y S T E MIn this chapter a low delay, point-to-point video …”

Communication Systems S. 50-84

„… coding block is introduced, which is responsible for compressingthe video signal to a rate lower than the …” „… channelsare nondeterministic linear systems. For example, an equivalent low-passchannel impulse response (cir …” „… attenuation and phase shift due to n2. As a result, (3.4) does notdepend on the absolute frequency values k1 …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186881106

Michael Aeberhard - Object-Level Fusion for Surround Environment Perception in Automated Driving Applications

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Michael Aeberhard

Object-Level Fusion for Surround Environment Perception in Automated Driving Applications

Series: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Volume 804 2017

Results in this title

Determining the Trust Probability S. 164-166

„… trust probability values for all of the evaluation results presented in Chapter 7. Note that the the …” „… , for the ultrasonic sensor, no evaluation was performed and therefore a low trust probability of 0.10 …” „… for all classes was chosen. These trust probability values were used during all of the results from …”

Evaluation S. 133-151

„… probability quality parameters. The results in Figure 7.8 show that the classification fusion algorithm …” „… are used to evaluated the performance of the fused global object list compared to the results of each …” „… present the results for the two evaluation scenarios. 7.1 Test Vehicle and Sensor Configuration The test …”

State and Covariance S. 64-92

„… fusion strategies and the low-level architecture is shown in Figure 4.11. Similar results appear for the …” „… low-level fusion architecture. Summary Based on the results from this section, Table 4.4 gives a quick …” „… confidence larger than the prior probability p(mdi ), where higher confidence is given at the lower end of …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVI

„… the information matrix fusion algorithm produces results comparable to a low-level central Kalman …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 2.1.1 Low-Level . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 2.1.2 …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90 5 Existence Probability 93 5.1 Sensor-Level Processing …”

Existence Probability S. 93-115

„… probability is low, which allows for proper deletion of tracks that leave the field of view of a sensor …” „… persistence probability changes is proportional to a higher birth probability. This results in the effect that …” „… in the environment results in a spatial birth probability for any new object hypothesis. There are …”

Sensor Data Fusion Architectures S. 27-45

„… association results. The low-level measurementto-measurement fusion architecture is illustrated in Figure 2.1 …” „… . Simulation results concluded that a low-level architecture using measurement fusion was the most suitable. In …” „… in a high-level fusion architecture are able to produce similar results as those of a low …”

Classification S. 116-132

„… probability for the data point y = [ w r ]′ = [ 10 100 ]′ for the class truck results in p(y | CTruck) = 1 …” „… 6 Classification Besides the state and covariance estimation and the existence probability, the …” „… } (6.1) determine the probability p(Ci | I) that some given information I describes an object of type Ci …”

Fusion Strategy and Object Association S. 46-63

„… , which would result in the extended Kalman filter prediction formulation for a non-linear model. 3.2 …” „… result of which is then fused with sensor 3, which is then fused with sensor 4, etc. until all of the …” „… strategy is memory-less, since the global tracks are unaware of the fusion result from the previous fusion …”

Introduction S. 1-26

„… accidents or if it may actually result in a reversal of the trend, if technology does not develop and adapt …” „… the penetration rate of such systems is still far too low. The trend, however, is that assistance …” „… their legal impact have also been investigated [328] and similar results compared to the BASt studies …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186804129

Petrissa Zell - Learning-Based Inverse Dynamics for Human Motion Analysis

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Petrissa Zell

Learning-Based Inverse Dynamics for Human Motion Analysis

Series: Informatik/ Kommunikation

Volume 877 2022

Results in this title

Self-supervision by dynamics-based layers S. 95-122

„… refers to the window-wise PDO results.In the case of walking, the Dynamics Networks consistently …” „… determines whether the predicted control results from the observed motion and,conversely, whether the …” „… observed motion results from the predicted control.The proposed Dynamics Network is used to realize …”

Fundamentals S. 23-61

„… . Two rotations R01 and R12 thatare performed consecutively result in the overall rotation R02 = R01R12 …” „… transformations and using thecomposition rule of Eq. (12) results in the total transformation matrix for link j:Hj …” „… [134]. Here, merely the result willbe presented to focus on the derivation of the convective …”

Related work S. 15-22

„… measurement of GRF/M. The optimization includes amodel of the prior probability of contact states to establish …” „… algorithm based on the kinematics of the current frame. In Chapters5 and 6 the results of this data-driven …” „… thecenter of mass of the whole body and the lower extremities. Several segment angles, jointtorques and the …”

Introduction S. 1-14

„… relevant movement sequences: In weight liftingthe correlation between lower limb moments and resulting bar …” „… routineitself includes several challenges as well: The convergence behavior and the final result arevery …” „… source and a target domain (consisting ofdata or features and their marginal probability distribution …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186877109

Georg Tanzmeister - Grid-based Environment Estimation for Local Autonomous Vehicle Navigation

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Georg Tanzmeister

Grid-based Environment Estimation for Local Autonomous Vehicle Navigation

Series: Mess-, Steuerungs- und Regelungstechnik

Volume 1246 2016

Results in this title

Grid-based Tracking and Mapping S. 10-39

„… likelihood. The approach yields promising results, but the exact role of the particles and what probability …” „… ]. Uncertainties are better represented in this model. While in the Bayesian model, a low probability of p(A) = 1 …” „… probability close to 0.5 can either come from a low number of observations using an initial occupancy …”

Evaluation S. 102-122

„… previous chapters already presented results. The path planning and clustering have already been evaluated …” „… estimation system. In addition to the qualitative results given in Chapter 2 and Chapter 5, quantitative …” „… used to autonomously maneuver a vehicle through an unmapped road construction site. Finally, results …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XIV

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 1.1.3 Low Prior Knowledge Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 1.2 Environment Model …” „… Static Bayesian Maps . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 2.5 Results …” „… Overlapping Clusters . . . . . . . . . . . 56 3.4 Results …”

Road Course and Road Boundary Estimation S. 87-101

„… additional method is added after the first goal path is found that is called with a low probability instead …” „… validated and tracked, and finally Section 5.6 shows results. 5.2 Overview An overview of the road course …” „… road course, as well as its probability of being valid given certain criteria ξ, is given to the …”

Detection of Principal Moving Directions S. 40-63

„… sampling the goal state with some, usually low, probability and thus by trying to connect the search tree …” „… the one presented in this chapter, to low level trajectory planners [170, 171]. As given in the …” „… needs to be known. In [20] the road network is detected without map data. A road/non-road probability …”

Conclusion S. 123-126

„… results even with sparse road boundaries, as with a given road velocity, the probability of wrong …” „… estimation. In addition, there is typically no common low-level representation of the static and the dynamic …” „… and vHGW-360, which works with rectangular footprints but yields resolution-exact results. Real robots …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186246080

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