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VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Innovative Antriebe 2018

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Innovative Antriebe 2018

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2334 2018

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M. Grill, S. Hann, Sven Fasse, Mahir Tim Keskin, M. Bargende Concept studies of SI engines 2030+ – Challenging tasks in 0D/1D engine simulation S. 107-136

„… Concept studies of SI engines 2030+ Challenging tasks in 0D/1D engine simulation Dr.-Ing …” „… . Dr.-Ing. Michael Bargende Abstract Nowadays 0D/1D simulations are being widely used in the engine …” „… necessary for efficient gaso-line engines represent a major challenge for 0D/1D simulation: virtually all …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-VII

„… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93 A. Englisch, Schaeffler, Bühl Concept studies of SI engines 2030+ – Challenging tasks in 0D/1D …” „… engine simulation . . . . . . 107 M. Grill, FKFS, Stuttgart; S. Hann, M.Sc. Sven Fasse, Mahir Tim …” „… ? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1 K. C. Keller, Aveniture GmbH, Freinsheim f Ökobilanzierung Einfluss von Zellbauform und …”

M. Caggiano, N. Cavina, A. Capancioni, S. Mazzetti Predictive Energy Management Strategies for Hybrid Electric Vehicles: eHorizon for Battery Management System S. 49-64

„… , pumps and valves. For this aim, a 1-D thermo-hydraulic model of the in-vehicle battery cooling circuit …” „… has been developed. Then, it has been implemented in an already existing 0-D vehicle model. The core …” „… [k m /h ] 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 speed prof ile ci ty s ig na l [ -] 0 1 VDI-Berichte Nr. 2334 …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023341

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Dritev – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2020

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Dritev – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2020

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2373 2020

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M. Grill, M.-T. Keskin, M. Bargende Virtual RDE: Ensuring RDE conformity of hybridized powertrains in the early stage of the development process S. I-343-I-354

„… data-based model (engine measurement campaigns or detailed 0D/1D simulations) “Training”: Generating of …” „… important benefits of 1D simulation compared to a pure 0D approach – leading to significant changes in the …” „… means of detailed 1D flow simulation or on the test bench (typically one cylinder engines are used). In …”

A. Esser, T. Eichenlaub, S. Rinderknecht Real-driving-based comparison of the eco-impact of powertrain concepts using a data-driven optimization environment S. I-309-I-342

„… , TM2,TM3,battery) ICEV ICEV-E10 Conventional vehicle with petrol engine (1,0,0,1,0,0,0) ICEV-CNG …” „… Conventional vehicle with CNG engine (1,0,0,1,0,0,0) BEV BEV-1 Battery electric vehicle with fixed gear ratio …” „… vehicle (0,1,1,0,1,0,1) PHEV PHEV-E10 Plug-in hybrid (P2 configuration) with petrol engine …”

C. A. Spangler Borg Warner’s P1 and P2 hybrid drive modules – Modular kit for P1 and P2 hybrids S. I-221-I-232

„… benefits of this approach. On the other hand, the P0 allows a quick engine restart, which enables extended …” „… engine and belt losses also significantly reduce the overall efficiency in recuperation. A P1 hybrid …” „… architecture offers some advantages compared to the P0 mainly due to the higher EM capability of the P1 due to …”

M. Saborío, O. Sarmiento, C. Böhm High efficiency electric transmission oil pump – Transmission hydraulic efficiency improvement through hybridization S. I-149-I-158

„… Fig. 1: Transmission flow demand vs engine speed for a generic application The diagram on Fig. 1 …” „… maintain the supply pressure constant. 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 R eq ui re d flo …” „… the available combustion engine speed: 1. MOP mode: the outer ring of the pump does not rotate. The …”

P. Tenberge, A. Alnahlaui E-drive and hybrid-drive with 2 high-speed E-motors and a 2-speed gearbox S. I-233-I-252

„… acceleration remain high. This speed phase of the shifting last between 0.8s and 1.4s. At the end of this …” „… c and 8d. If the shifting starts at a speed of motor E1 close to its maximum and if it ends at a …” „… motor-diagram. The acceleration starts for both e-motors at zero speed at point 0 in Fig. 1. In mode 1 between …”

F. Brezger, A. Moser Investigation and potential analysis of shiftable form-locked one-way clutches for hybrid and electric vehicles S. I-133-I-148

„… testing and simulation results it has been shown that drag torque is always smaller than 0.25 Nm over the …” „… drag torque. This value has been calculated by simulating an 1D powertrain model in WLTP. A schematic …” „… Anforderungen. Die erfolgreiche Umsetzung dieser Anforderungen in ein MMCM wird hier sowohl in Simulations- als …”

M. Deiml High speed electric drive system – A solution for the next generation E-cars S. II-49-II-62

„… customer acceptance. Established EVs like Tesla compete against combustion engine cars, as a real …” „… specifications of premium combustion engine vehicles. The system voltage of this EDU was chosen to be in the …” „… . Pmech = ω * M; M ~ d2 * l; → ~ VDI-Berichte Nr. 2373, 202050 (d: airgap diameter; l …”

T. Korb, M. Nussbaumer, S. Rinderknecht Generic optimization environment and knowledge-based guided evolutionary algorithms for automated transmission calibration – Method to generate a knowledge base through impact analysis of parameters a... S. I-355-I-384

„… algorithm to guide the optimization and improve convergence, thus potentially saving simulation time. 1 …” „… ]. d4b0> [28] Pal, S. K …” „… term of “variety”: In the last decade many new vehicle derivatives were introduced [1,2]. This …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023730

Michael Pagel - Model-based diagnosis of electronic cooling fan drive systems

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Michael Pagel

Model-based diagnosis of electronic cooling fan drive systems

Series: Mess-, Steuerungs- und Regelungstechnik

Volume 1262 2018

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The Engine Cooling Fan System S. 18-39

„… , uGS)i 2 Mrms + uD0(Tj)iDrms +RD(iDrms)i 2 Drms , (3.1) with Pl,c,M and Pl,c,D the conduction losses of …” „… are lumped together as kfr0 = kb0 (3.33) kfr1 = kb1 + kr,iron (3.34) 28 3 The Engine Cooling Fan …” „… engine 3 The Engine Cooling Fan System 19 Figure 3.1: Possible setup of a cooling system, the heating …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-X

„… ge l M od el -b as ed d ia gn os is o f co ol in g fa ns R ei he 8 · N r. 1 26 2 D ie …” „… | 350 mm x 250 mm L_ 18 19 65 _R ei he _0 8_ 12 62 _U m sc hl ag .p df · S ei te 1 L_181965_Reihe …” „… Engine Cooling Fan System 18 3.1 Mathematical model of the components of an electrically driven fan …”

Fault Detection and Diagnosis of the electrical motor: Online Parameter Acquisition S. 40-98

„… Winding Resistance 47 0 0.5 0.75 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 100 200 Superimposed duty-cycle χinj in % D ev ia ti on …” „… 1600.0 1800.0 2000.0 2200.0 2400.0 Time in s R ot at io n al sp ee d in m in - 1 Rotational speed 0 500 …” „… DC-injection 0 500 1000 1500 2000 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Time in s L oa d to rq u e in N m Load torque Figure …”

Fault Detection and Diagnosis: Application S. 99-117

„… EoL-stages of the engine cooling fan are considered. 1. The rst stage happens in the plant of the supplier …” „… guration is then determined by evaluation of R0,sp(T̃sp) = 2 3 Uum Ires,inj , (5.1) with Uum the motor …” „… the expected resistance value directly at the EoL of the supplier plant according to rel,1,sp = R0 …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186262080

Bernhard Geringer, Hans-Peter Lenz - 41. Internationales Wiener Motorensymposium 22.-24. April 2020

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Bernhard Geringer (ed.), Hans-Peter Lenz (ed.)

41. Internationales Wiener Motorensymposium 22.-24. April 2020

Series: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Volume 813 2020

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N. Andrisani, F. Contarin, A. Lorenzon, M. Nencioni, M. Scassa, F. Mallamo, T. Korfer, H. Busch Innovative Ventiltriebe als Beitrag zur Erfullung zukunftiger Emissionsanforderungen im Stadtbetrieb /Novel Valvetrain Design as Enabler for Compliance with Upcoming Stringent Emission Demands in Urba... S. I-285-I-310

„… . Typically, the 1D simulation is used to analyze steadystate engine operation or transient behavior by simple …” „… kinetics into a standard 1D engine model. The standard flow solver of an engine process simulation, the …” „… , M. et al., "1D Engine Simulation Approach for Optimizing Engine and Exhaust Aftertreatment Thermal …”

E. Jean, E. Barrieu, M. Capirchia, C. Herbers Elektrisch heizbarer Katalysator: technische Anforderungen und Haupteinflussfaktoren /Electrically Heated Catalyst: Requirements, Controls and Key Parameters S. I-311-I-327

„… 0D/1D thermal model of exhaust system, carefully calibrated for engine start and catalyst warm up …” „… optimal operating conditions of the EHC, from engine and emission simulation to 1D and 3D thermal …” „… flowrate 70kg/h preheating. Fig. 9 1D TWC temperature evolution after engine start with 4kW-20kg/h (left …”

D. Song, W. Happenhofer, Z. Yuan, Y. Cui, Z. Zhang, D. Wang 1,5 T - Modulare Motorplattform mit hoher Effizienz/1.5T High Thermal Efficiency Modular Engine Platform S. II-186-II-201

„… b China6 b / EU6d/ SULEV30 1. EB Modular gasoline engine platform Great Wall Motor's new EB series …” „… Zhang, M.Sc. Dan Wang, Great Wall Motor, China 1.5T High Thermal Efficiency Modular Engine Platform …” „… Vorschriften vor 2025 zu erfüllen. 1. Introduction 1.5L TGDI gasoline engine product development history is …”

K. Togai Verhalten eines geschlossenen Regelkreises bestehend aus einem Antriebsstrang und einer menschlichen Steuerung und der Standpunkt einer Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstelle (HMI) /Behavior of Closed Loop Con... S. II-477-II-487

„… . Gain (dB) A(0.05 s) B(0.5s ) Frequency (Hz) Original plant Phase (deg) Unstable for K=2 Gain …” „… 80 100 120 140 0 10 20 30 40 V e hi cl e S p ee d ( k m /h ) 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 0 10 20 30 …” „… 120 140 -2 -1 0 1 2 k m /h speed error - 481 - - 6 - The consequence may be called direct mapping from …”

R. Golisano, V. Rampino, A. Vassallo, N. P. Sacco, L. Magro, G. D'Aurizio, S. Trimboli, A. G. Marino, V. Biasin, I. Zallio, R. Vernassa, J. Wartha, D. Kaminski Der neue General Motors 1.5 Liter Diesel 3-Zylinder-Motor/The New General Motors 1.5 Liter Diesel 3-Cylinder Engine S. II-149-II-185

„… engine reducing the combustion noise up to 1.3dB vs a standard pattern (Figure 11). Concerning the …” „… aftertreatment system for the 1.5ℓ 3-cylinder engine has been developed to fulfill the stringent Euro 6D targets …” „… 3-cylinder Engine Der Neue General Motors 1.5 Liter Diesel 3-Zylinder-Motor Abstract Chiefly …”

P. Rumplmayr, DE. Schutting, H. Eichlseder, H. Mitterecker Experimentelle Untersuchung von anodischen Oxidationsbeschichtungen zur Reduktion der Wandwärmeverluste am Dieselmotor /Experimental Investigation of Anodic Oxidation Coatings to Reduce Wall Heat Loss... S. II-488-II-511

„… Kolbenbodenbeschichtung ergibt eine Simulation mit heute etablierten 0D-Methoden im betrachteten Basispunkt mit hoher …” „… in Pkw-Größe in Kombination mit einer 0D Simulation des Brennraums verwendet, um den Einfluss des …” „… Ladungswechsel-simulation und 0D Simulation des Brennraums ermittelte Grenzpotential eines Prozesses ohne Wandwärmeverluste …”

K. Hwang, C. Yu, B. Min, Y. Kim, D. Lee, K. Ha, D. Chae, J. Yi Der neue Smartstream 1.0L DI-Turbo Ottomotor von Hyundai-Kia/The New Hyundai-Kia's Smartstream 1.0L Turbo GDi Engine S. I-121-I-150

„… , Namyang, South Korea The New Hyundai-Kia’s Smartstream 1.0L Turbo GDi Engine Der neue Smartstream 1.0 …” „… Smartstream 1.0L turbocharged engine to complete the next-generation gasoline engine line-up. The new engine …” „… PN. The new Smartstream 1.0L Turbo GDi engine was sublimated with more advanced Hyundai- Kia’s …”

C. Weber, R. Friedfeld, F. Kramer, J. Linsel, H. Ruhland, M. Wirth, F. Abkenar EcoBoost 500: Schritte zur maximalen Effizienz eines Ottomotors/EcoBoost 500: Taking Award-Winning Technology to the Next Level S. I-54-I-70

„… 3500 PO W ER [k W ] 0 50 100 150 200 250 LA M B D A [- ] 0,95 1,00 1,05 CR = 12.5 VTG CR = 9.5 …” „… .: 1.0l EcoBoost 2nd Generation: A Success Story Continues, 26th Aachen Colloquium Vehicle and Engine …” „… Cylinder 1.0L Gasoline Direct Injection Turbo Engine from Ford, 20th Aachen Colloquium Vehicle and Engine …”

S. Pischinger, F. Aubeck, P. Heuser, D. van der Put, B. Lindemann, M. Müther, M. Schönen, M. Ehrly, J. Schaub, M. Walters, L. Virnich, G. Sammito, L. Bi, T. Lüdiger Effiziente Nutzfahrzeugantriebe - Der Weg zu 30% GHG Reduktion in 2030 /Efficient Commercial Powertrains - How to Achieve a 30% GHG Reduction in 2030 S. II-291-II-321

„… - construction Zyklus Ve hi cl e Sp ee d / [k m /h ] 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Long Haul Ro ad G ra di …” „… d / [k m /h ] 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Construction Ro ad G ra di en t / [% ] -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 …” „… https://www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/477598/fe909742f0b8e21a7a43d69eddd888cb/WD-5-069- 16-pdf-data.pdf, accessed December 20th, 2019 …”

H. Sandquist, P. Frejinger, S. Klacar, I. Scholten, S. Li System Engineering Methodik angewandt für Hybrid-Antriebssystementwicklung /Systems Engineering Methodology Applied for Hybrid Propulsion System Development S. II-16-II-33

„… modular and flexible powertrain family consisting of two main components, the 3-cylinder 1.5TD engine …” „… - 1 - Dr. Håkan Sandquist, M.Sc. Petter Frejinger, and Dr. Simon Klacar, China Euro Vehicle …” „… automotive industry in 1997 [1]. The Geely group is devoted to becoming a world leader in mobility …”

M. Elicker, M. Scheidt, M. Brauer, R. Pohlke, K. Hielscher, J. Geddes, J. Kiyanni Innovatives Konzept zur Erfullung der Emissionsvorschriften im Schwachlastbetrieb von Dieselmotoren fur EU7 und darüber hinaus /Innovative Concept in Diesel Low Load Emission Compliance for EU7 and Be... S. I-248-I-284

„… Auslegung der Ventilhubstrategien mit Hilfe der der 1D-Simulation. Die einlassseitige Variabilität wurde …” „… kombiniert und die finale Konfiguration festgelegt. Abbildung 2 zeigt den in der 1D-Simulation genutzten …” „… SEVL eIVC JLR Valve Lift Range Simulation v a lv e li ft in m m 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 crank …”

E. Kimura, K. Aikawa, D. Yasuda, H. Saeki, T. Brachmann, S. Barth Herausforderung einer nachhaltigen Dekarbonisierung des Mobilitatssektors und der Gesellschaft: Honda's Multi-Pathway Konzept mit elektrifizierten Antriebstechnologien Challenge for Sustainable Carbon... S. I-151-I-170

„… - 1 - Eisuke Kimura, Koichiro Aikawa, Daishi Yasuda Honda R&D Co., Ltd. Automobile Center, Tochigi …” „… 0.5 degree C for the 1.5 degrees C scenario. This challenge indicates that net zero CO2 must be …” „… Example of TCO simulation 5. Honda’s R&D activities taking Multi-pathways approach for LDVs This …”

V. Schallhart, T. Steiner, L. Möltner, M. Hohensinner, L. Flicker Vergleichende Untersuchungen von frischen und gealterten Katalysatoren in Diesel-Abgasnachbehandlungssystemen und der Einfluss von NO2 auf den NOx-Umsatz /A Comparative Study of Fresh and Aged Catalyt... S. II-462-II-476

„… D-Simulationen berechnet. Einerseits werden Temperaturänderungen in den Rohren beziehungsweise Katalysatoren …” „… am geeignetsten Katalysators für das individuelle Fahrprofil. - 462 - 1 Einleitung Die …” „… Reduktion der Emissionen auf ein Minimum [1,2]. Unter diesem Gesichtspunkt ist eine effiziente …”

N. Molden, J. Hobday, R. Lofthouse Absicherung der Einhaltung der Emissionsgrenzwerte durch unabhängige Testorganisationen /Managing Reputation and Emissions Compliance through Independent Testing S. II-402-II-414

„… 0.000 0.200 0.400 0.600 0.800 1.000 1.200 1.400 1.600 1.800 2.000 1998 2001 2004 2006 2009 2012 2014 …” „… and N1 with power/weight >44W/kg) • Certified prior to Euro 6d-temp. Tests must be conducted …” „… Earth in the UK. Emissions Analytics has developed a testing and simulation system to quantify the risk …”

P. Kapus, R. Ellinger, E. Bogner, G. Schrank, G. Teuschl, C. Sams, W. Prochazka, G. Fraidl PKW-Antrieb 4.x - vom Fahrzeug zum kostenoptimierten Antriebssystem /Passenger Car Powertrain 4.x - from Vehicle Level to a Cost Optimized Powertrain System S. I-98-I-120

„… 10 12 W LT P C ol d Fu el C on su m pt io n R ed . P ot en ti al Full Load Acceleration 0 …” „… P C ol d Fu el C on su m pt io n R ed . P ot en ti al Full Load Acceleration 0-100 km/h [s] P2 …” „… 500k Einheiten/Jahr. Aufbauend auf einem 1,5l TGDI Motor mit EU6d Abgasnachbehandlung und 7-Gang …”

E. Jacob, I. Bogatykh, T. Goral, P. Seidenspinner, T. Wilharm, A. Peter, H. Scherer, I. Krossing Synthetische Kraftstoffe gegen Klimawandel und für die Reinhaltung der Umwelt /Synthetic Fuels against Climate Change and Environmental Pollution S. II-114-II-148

„… Motorensymposium 2020 - 136 - Mit Hilfe moderner 0D/1D-Simulationsmethoden kann eine Einschätzung des Potenzials …” „… Flammpunkt ° C 60 - DIN EN ISO 2719 Kin. Viskosität (40 °C) mm²/s 0,900 1,50 DIN EN ISO 3104 DIN EN 16896 …” „… 12156-1 OME-Gehalt (OME2-6) % m/m 97,0 - GC-FID Schwefelgehalt mg/kg - 5 DIN EN ISO 20846 Wassergehalt …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186813121

Matthias Patrick Alexander Mrosek - Model-Based Control of a Turbocharged Diesel Engine with High- and Low-Pressure Exhaust Gas

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Matthias Patrick Alexander Mrosek

Model-Based Control of a Turbocharged Diesel Engine with High- and Low-Pressure Exhaust Gas

Series: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Volume 803 2017

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Emission and Combustion Models S. 61-85

„… means that the sum of exponents in each regressor is limited to a maximum of three. Oyj .x/ D w0;j Cw1 …” „… zi D min ˇ̌ zi z0;j ;i ˇ̌ ; dj ;i (5.6) and are normalised to unit sum j .z/ D j .z/PM jD1 j …” „… local hull (ext rapolationj D 0) or outside the local convex hull (ext rapolationj D 1). Consequently …”

System Properties of the Air Path with HP- and LP-EGR S. 34-60

„… responses to a step input of shp egr at neng 2250min 1 and uinj D 15mm3=cyc st D 1; slp egr=eth D 0 …” „… positions slp egr=eth D 0:3; uicc D 0; neng 2000min 1; uinj D 15mm3=cyc at which Pmeng;in is roughly …” „… a step input of slp egr at neng 2000min 1 and uinj D 15mm3=cyc st D 1; shp egr D 0:2; uicc D 0 …”

Semi-Physical Mean Value Engine Model S. 12-33

„… conservation laws for mass 14 3 Semi-Physical Mean Value Engine Model dmst dt D pX iD1 Pmin;i qX jD1 Pmout;j …” „… dmst dt : (3.5) Substitution in Eq. (3.2) leads to dTst dt D 1 cVmst 0 @ pX iD1 hin;i Pmin;i qX jD1 …” „… the flow velocities. The flow entering the impeller normally has no prewhirl .cc1;u D 0/. Hence, Eq …”

Bibliography S. 190-204

„… 190 Bibliography Alberer, D. and del Re, L. (2009). Optimization of the transient Diesel engine …” „… Zülch, S. (2012). The new 3.0-l TDI biturbo engine from Audi – Part 2: Thermodynamics and calibration …” „… . (2012). The new BMW six-cylinder Diesel engine with three turbochargers – Part 1: Drive unit and …”

Air Path Control Design and Dynamical Reference Value Generation S. 102-167

„… step response yPID gets minimal min .kP;kI;kD/ J .kP; kI; kD/ D Z 1 0 .yIMC yPID/2 dt: (7.7) The …” „… Pmc;des. Pc;des D Pmc;des 0 @1 kslip dc2ntc;des dc2ntc;des C Pmc;des 2;des cot.ˇc2;b/ dc2bc2 1 A . dc2 …” „… : Model-inversion control ktc;acc D 0 s 1, ktc;acc D 4 s 1, neng D 2250min 1 uinj D 20mm3=cyc show a comparable …”

Appendix S. 172-189

„… exhaust pressure p5 for slp egr=eth 2 Œ0:5; 1 . At the investigated engine operation points these in …” „… and the exhaust throttle valve is active for slp egr=eth 2 Œ0:3; 1 . At slp egr=eth D 0:3 both …” „… dpst dt D R Vst 0 @ pX iD1 Pmin;iTin;i qX jD1 Pmout;jTst 1 A (D.2) and temperature changes dTst dt D …”

Optimisation of the Reference Values for the Air Path Control S. 86-101

„… as well as the delivered engine work Weng. Weng D 1 1000 3600 sh MX jD1 kj!eng;j OMeng;j xj in …” „… of model inputs in Eq. (6.3) shifts all other quantities x0i in Eq. (6.5) by 1 x0i D xiC1 for i D 1 …” „… and x2i;ctl with simulations of a load step in uinj at constant engine speed. In this multivariable …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186803122

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