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VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Commercial Vehicles 2023

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Commercial Vehicles 2023

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2417 2023

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F. Beringhoff, C. Rösener A Method for Automatic Test Realization for Automated Vehicles S. 179-190

„… A Method for Automatic Test Realization for Automated Vehicles Felix Beringhoff, M.Sc., Dr.-Ing …” „… hardware in the loop test benches. For testing self-driving vehicles, a scenario-based approach to control …” „… of scenarios for tests of self-driving vehicles. This report describes the challenges around …”

A. Malczyk, M. Kühn, P. König Faster Evacuation from Coaches – What are the Obstacles? S. 261-XIV

„… vehicle. The questions of interest were whether the test subjects would identify the rear window and the …” „… test subjects, but not with their body size. The hatch aligned across the vehicle body – which …” „… trials under controlled conditions in different test environments, ranging from a cross-section of a …”

J. Heseding, P. Meyer-Roesler, D. Rasch Virtual Type-IIa – Software product for homologation of commercial vehicle BEV without additional hardware S. 93-104

„… regulation. This test shall ensure a proper endurance brake capability of the vehicle. For NEV this endurance …” „… guaranteed for the synthetic Type-IIa test but increases vehicle safety beyond ECE R-13 requested level by …” „… Virtual Type-IIa – Software product for homologation of commercial vehicle BEV without additional …”

N. Büteröwe, G. Müller, S. Müller, H. Ulmer, S. Reetz Road-Tire Friction Potential Estimation for Heavy-Duty Vehicles S. 217-228

„… conditions. µ𝑎𝑔 (2) In our study, numerous measurements have been carried out with a test vehicle …” „… the test-vehicle In addition to climate stations, the DWD operates a network of 17 weather radars …” „… friction potential. Since the measurements obtained from the test vehicles during this pro-ject were not …”

F. Domprobst, J.-F. Beaupère Learnings of the 2nd year of CO2 reporting by OEMs S. 153-164

„… HD vehicles, Technical Annex, European Commission DG CLIMA, 2014 (Draft) 10. Interlaboratory tests …” „… to equip a new vehicle are specified by the fleet when purchasing a truck. Facts show that the low …” „… antagonism of low RRC tire requested by truck OEMs and not by fleets, as shown by the vehicle set monitoring …”

B. Lehner What is the UN-R 167 Direct Vision Standard S. 241-246

„… of vehicle types and designs without interfering to much with design neutrality. Test methodology …” „… Increased number of accidents in inner-city areas with the participation of commercial vehicles require …” „… for London issued in October 2020 a regulation mandating all vehicles more 12 tons gross vehicle …”

F. Schweizer, T. Pflanz, M. Wagenblast, W. Tegethoff, J. Köhler, F. Breuer, L. Frerichs Fuel cell electric drive concept for heavy-duty commercial vehicles S. 123-140

„… Fuel cell electric drive concept for heavy-duty commercial vehicles Dipl.-Ing. F. Schweizer …” „… GmbH umfassen die Auslegung, Konstruktion und Tests des Wasserstoff-Speichersystems sowie die Fertigung …” „… battery-electric vehicle, is extended to include several PEM VDI-Berichte Nr. 2417, 2023 123(polymer electrolyte …”

F. Thurmann Automated driving on Yards: Do we have to wait for fully autonomous vehicles to be ready for the market? S. 47-50

„… Automated driving on Yards: Do we have to wait for fully autonomous vehicles to be ready for the …” „… disillusionment. It will be years, if not decades, before vehicles are able to drive independently and safely on …” „… necessary intelligence for autonomous driving from the vehicle into the infrastructure, as the radius of …”

A. Jacquemart-Purson, A. J. Sprung, T. Ille, S. Escherle ANITA Integration autonomous trucks in an intermodal Hub – Starting the automatization of logistic hubs S. 13-24

„… , were informed about the project and the characteristics of the test vehicle. Thus, they are able to …” „… mode in the terminal. Thus the connections of the test vehicle with the DUSS- and DB IS systems through …” „… question of application arises. How can these new types of vehicles be integrated into the logistic process …”

P. Akerman, A. Rupprecht Dynamic charging for trucks S. 35-46

„… infrastructure and vehicles, with a secure supply of sufficient raw materials. 2. Usability: It’s essential to …” „… motorways, based on an Overhead Contact Line (OCL)-for dynamic charging of electrified heavy goods vehicles …” „… vehicles (HDV) or trucks [5]. In Europe, the goal for the long-haul trucks is to reduce their CO2-emissions …”

P. Ziegler Use Cases and technical challenges of the MCS charging S. 51-54

„… especially in the transition phase while coexisting with the CCS standard in one vehicle system. While CCS …” „… was created without considering heavy commercial vehicle applications, the new MCS standard brings the …” „… vehicles more difficult. In today's presentation I would like to go into these differences and their …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XII

„… , Santa Clara, USAA Method for Automatic Test Realization for Automated Vehicles F. Beringhoff, C. Rösener …” „… GmbH17th International ConferenceCommercial Vehicles 2023June 14 - 15, 2023, Baden-BadenPreflight Lx3 …” „… mmContent The Future of TransportEuropean policy for future road vehicles – technological neutrality or …”

C. Peteranderl, M. Zähringer, G. Balke, J. Schneider Megawatt charging as an enabler for battery-electric long-haul trucks – is that enough? S. 55-66

„… ]. The decarbonization of the commercial vehicle sector is the declared goal of MAN Truck & Bus SE …” „… . Battery-electric vehicles have a very high savings potential due to their high well-to-wheel efficiency [2]. MAN …” „… powers of over 1 MW in the near future [4]. Heavy commercial vehicles with battery capacities of over 500 …”

C. J. J. Bellingwout, J. Schleicher Reducing vehicle emissions for vehicles that are already on the road or on the drawing board S. 141-152

„… Reducing vehicle emissions for vehicles that are already on the road or on the drawing board Using …” „… . 2. Abstract To improve the environmental footprint of a commercial vehicle it is not necessary to …” „… wait until the new development of a vehicle to start reducing the greenhouse gas emissions. For …”

K. Beck, H. Flämig, R. Höger, R. Schindhelm Non-driving related activities in heavy goods vehicles with SAE Level 3 and 4 – An attempt to systematise S. 205-216

„… Non-driving related activities in heavy goods vehicles with SAE Level 3 and 4 An attempt to …” „… to the increase in the level of automation of vehicles and according regulations by law, in the …” „… activities at SAE Level 3 and Level 4 in heavy goods vehicles, the challenges in creating such a …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024171

VDI-Wissensforum GmbH - DRITEV – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2021

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VDI-Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

DRITEV – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2021

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2381 2021

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S. Hönicke, K.-F. Wittwer, J. Liebold High-voltage composite test bench for component testing of battery-electric vehicles S. 395-398

„… vehicles High-voltage component test of battery electric vehicles? Only in a system context! Sven Hönicke …” „… network instead of a dummy load. No test vehicles are used for initial investigations regarding …” „… „Road-to-Rig-Strategie“ bezeichnet. High-voltage composite test bench for component testing of battery-electric …”

A. Albers, M. Behrendt, J. Köber, T. Breitinger Development of a method for the automated validation of the shift quality of modern dual clutch transmissions on full-vehicle test benches S. 399-414

„… transmissions on full-vehicle test benches Univ.-Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dr. h. c. A. Albers, Dr.-Ing. M. Behrendt …” „… to full vehicle test benches at an early stage and validating them automatically. As a result of the …” „… method for automated validation of shift quality on full vehicle test benches, the following chapter …”

H. Wittig, J. Engasser, A. Glavinic AEROFLEX – Distributed Hybrid Drivetrain for Long Haul Freight Vehicles S. 593-608

„… assessment in the form of simulation results and measurement results of a sophisticated vehicle test …” „… the Aeroflex project in a structured manner for different vehicle configurations and types of tests …” „… vehicle units as well as test use-cases like steady-state speed tests at proving ground, a real world …”

A. Bagh, D. Magnor, J. Kneiber, F. Löhe eTransport – Application of axle-integrated e-drive in urban LCV and MD trucks S. 637-652

„… emission-free vehicles as well as to collect user experience and test kilometres. The drive system is …” „… ) and VCU. Fig. 10: Efficiency Measurement: Axle Test Rig For the connection between vehicle …” „… vehicles by 2025, however, a scarcity of electric vehicles is obvious. BPW Bergische Achsen KG develops …”

A. Ramsauer, A. Pujari Frontloading for (Hybrid-) Transmission Integration at BMW S. 101-116

„… . This saves time in coordination due to the 24/7 use and enables working with fewer test vehicles. Due …” „… Produktpositionierung aufgezeigt. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2381, 2021 101 Abstract Increased vehicle complexity paired …” „… with shorter development cycles demands a more intensive use of virtual test methods and frontloading …”

K. Hirano E-Axle with multi driving modes for BEV & Mild HEV P4 – The 3 in 1 e-Axle for EV requiring a wide range of driving force S. 229-240

„… additional components. Fig. 10: Hill assist start function 4. TEST RESULT A test vehicle was …” „… equipped with a DMM Axle to verify power consumption and driving performance. The test vehicle is a 48V EV …” „… a DMM Axle in the front and one in the rear. Table 1 shows the specifications of the test vehicles …”

D. Morgenweck, M. Großmann, W. Fakler, M. Lamke, F. Bitzer ZF E-Mobility Software Functions for Commercial Vehicles S. 703-718

„… to conduct various automated tests that cannot simply be done in a vehicle. Fig. 5: ZF test vehicle …” „… ZF E-Mobility Software Functions for Commercial Vehicles Dr. Daniel Morgenweck, M.Sc. Michael …” „… development of an energy management system relies strongly on the use of their ZF owned development vehicles …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVI

„… Testing High-voltage composite test bench for component testing of battery-electric vehicles …” „… automated validation of the shift quality of modern dual clutch transmissions on full-vehicle test benches …” „… Commercial Vehicles October 13-14, 2021, World Conference Center Bonn (WCCB) Image credits: ©ZF …”

G. Gao, D. Schöneberger, S. Rinderknecht Development of an innovative and modular test bench to analyse gear shifts in electrified powertrains S. 415-436

„… , self-developed test benches are used. In the field of electrified vehicle powertrains, there are new …” „… Development of an innovative and modular test bench to analyse gear shifts in electrified …” „… powertrains Design approach, realization and use cases of the component test bench Guanlin Gao, M.Sc …”

A. R. Lowis, R. Smith hofer H8-DCT-850 – High Performance Dual Clutch Transmission for transaxle application S. 179-190

„… distribution assessments with physical parts on a quasi-static tilt test bench (simulating vehicle g-loading …” „… in a highperformance vehicle. The specialist test bench replicated race track levels of vehicle …” „… Optimise Package To facilitate a dynamic vehicle handling experience, low mass and CoG are key …”

K. Seno Prediction for the service lives of drive-train units by model-based development with the measured operational conditions S. 561-566

„… development of drive-train units in commercial vehicles, it is of significant importance to accurately …” „… conditions measured in real vehicles and simulation. Through this study the validity of the model-based …” „… transmission gears. Firstly, the operational torque data are measured with actual vehicles on the site where …”

A. Fröhlcke, M. Felbermaier, A. Britten, P. Fietkau Finite element approach for analyzing noise and vibration in electric drives S. 47-60

„… the test stand construction and is therefore not considered relevant in the vehicle. The significant …” „… number of acoustic experiments on the test stand and in the vehicle can be reduced and component …” „… method for various impact factors and confirms them with results from comparable experiments on the test …”

F. Bayer, J. Tochtermann Development of a Heavy-Duty E-Axle S. 621-636

„… ” to an Asample hardware, considering the integration of such an e-axle into a donor vehicle with an …” „… existing and given vehicle architecture. The second part of the paper focuses on all the nonmechanical …” „… E-Axles in Conventional Vehicles The new e-axle should fit into the very limited space available in the …”

Z. Caba, M. Zafer, C. Harman, G. Hellenbroich, Ö. Eyigöz Multi-speed e-axle for electrified heavy commercial vehicles S. 609-620

„… Multi-speed e-axle for electrified heavy commercial vehicles Dr. Ziya Caba, Melih Zafer, Caner …” „… Otosan and FEV are developing an electric axle for heavy duty commercial vehicles. The unit is intended …” „… integrated, coaxial electric machines has been selected based on the vehicle-level requirements, including a …”

G. Sandkühler Heavy Duty Vehicles with Electric Drive Train and Hydrogen Fuel Cells as Range Extender S. 701-702

„… Heavy Duty Vehicles with Electric Drive Train and Hydrogen Fuel Cells as Range Extender …” „… FAUN started with the development of electrified vehicles for the refuse collection based on standard …” „… . https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k5MoUsI95so . Based on the learnings and collected data of these 20 vehicles delivered to customers …”

L. de Ruijsscher TREMEC Hybrid Dual Clutch Transmission (HDCT) – Electrification of TREMEC’s high performance dual clutch transmission S. 159-178

„… performance with a unique driving sensation, the DCT has been a popular go-to for many vehicle manufacturers …” „… cars and commercial vehicles, TREMEC has established itself as leading full-system supplier for high …” „… , calibration and vehicle integration. Confronted with a rapidly changing market under the impulse towards …”

T. Hillesheim Energy-efficient Hydraulic Control for the Multi-speed Transmission of an Electric Vehicle S. 319-328

„… Energy-efficient Hydraulic Control for the Multi-speed Transmission of an Electric Vehicle …” „… shift actuation. 1 Introduction Whereas electric vehicles were designed primarily for short-haul …” „… all passenger car segments. For vehicle manufacturers, this poses the challenge of also having to …”

X. Zhang, F. Küçükay Driveability optimization of electrified powertrains utilizing machine learning based control and the interaction with ADAS/AD systems S. 361-376

„… a test vehicle in the predevelopment stage. In recent years, we have conducted various vehicle …” „… objective assessment system with actual test data. A powertrain dynamics model including detailed EM model …” „… control with ADAS/AD system. Whereby the information provided by the ADAS/AD system, such as vehicle …”

M. Dilzer BorgWarner P2 Modules – from HV to 48V S. 35-46

„… combustion engine driven vehicles will further lose their high market shares and will be pushed back and …” „… compared this with a BEV Reference. The Analysis is shown for a C-Segment vehicle with perspective of a …” „… the top do indicate the CO2 Potential and the specific vehicle on costs to achieve this potential …”

F. Langhammer, A. Kappes, A. Viehmann, S. Rinderknecht Novel “Two-Drive-Transmission for Long-Range” Powertrain: Ecology and Efficiency meet Driving Comfort S. 207-228

„… was the first hybrid variant of a TDT put to the test in a demonstrator vehicle. In DE-REX the …” „… . Abstract Battery electric vehicles with a range of more than 500 km suitable for long distance driving …” „… increasing demand and market shares of plug in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and battery electric …”

M. Muether, B. Heuser, L. Virnich, A. Guedden, T. Luediger, D. van der Put Development trends towards CO2-neutral powertrains for HD applications S. 529-550

„… Portable Emission Measurement System (PEMS). The test vehicle was a Mercedes-Benz Actros 1843 heavy-duty …” „… , total cost of ownership (TCO), these CO2 targets are especially challenging for heavy-duty vehicles …” „… . This goes hand in hand with increasing freight traffic and growing vehicles sizes as well and weight …”

J. Shutty, A. Moser, D. Gajowski Analysis of propulsion system architectures across vehicle segments and markets S. 23-34

„… WLTC: Worldwide Harmonized Light Vehicles Test Cycle VDI-Berichte Nr. 2381, 202134 …” „… Analysis of propulsion system architectures across vehicle segments and markets John Shutty …” „… efficiency has significantly increased requirements for vehicle propulsion systems. These demands have …”

T. Kaufhold, F. Schneider, O. Groneberg, A. Moser Modular Starting and Damping System integrated in 48V Hybrid Architectures – Efficient Starting System for Hybrid Vehicle Architectures S. 347-360

„… System for Hybrid Vehicle Architectures Dr.-Ing. Tobias Kaufhold, M.Sc. Florian Schneider, B.Sc …” „… , DCT and AT applications. 1. Introduction Hybrid vehicle architectures based on 48V technology are …” „… undergoes extensive test bench testing for verification. The tests include (excerpt): stroker tests: to …”

C. Schmidt, H. Dhejne, J. Karlsson High Efficient 2 speed e-Axle – Highly efficient and shiftable under load S. 145-158

„… , Sweden ABSTRACT: The vehicle architectures for SUV and LD-BEV’s come with higher performance …” „… electric vehicles has increased significantly the last 5 years and are increasing even more than expected …” „… , we did see a clear need for a solution in the bigger vehicles segment, such as SUV and Light duty …”

F. Müller-Deile Advanced design of electric machines for trailers with electric axles S. 653-668

„… operation strategy for eDrive System Dr. Felix Müller-Deile, ZF Commercial Vehicle Control Systems …” „… emissions of the vehicles. Approaches will be realized on different areas: more efficient diesel engines …” „… meaning hybridization or full electric vehicles. As an alternative to the local hybridization of the …”

G. Herbillon Performances Validation of an electrically-commanded dog clutch system for multi-speed and disconnectable eDrives S. 255-274

„… [1/min] (1st gear) to 1675 [1/min] (2nd gear) along vehicle road load, Test rig settings: The …” „… electric vehicles should be preferably - Simple and inexpensive: low cost EDU’s should balance battery …” „… (> 50 repetitions / setting). This test campaign was performed with a fixed difference of speed (10 …”

T. Skubacz, C. Burkhardt, S. Krischke Shift Elements for Electric and Hybrid Drivetrains – Shift elements with low drag losses, high actuation energy efficiency and integrated overload protection S. 487-498

„… contributes to vehicle safety requirements and allows the oversizing of surrounding components to be reduced …” „… corresponding switching elements will arise in the next vehicle generations. Other possible applications are …” „… positivelocking elements with undercut, e.g. dog clutches. Core element disc spring: tests on function and …”

D. Lechleitner, M. Hofstetter, M. Hirz, C. Gsenger, K. Huber Parking Lock Integration for Electric Axle Drives by Multi-Objective Design Optimization S. 303-318

„… vehicle movement while parking in redundancy with the parking brake. In order to integrate the parking …” „… influence on the e-drive packaging. Furthermore, engaging the parking lock may happen at small vehicle …” „… vehicles (EVs) still indicates an exponential growth of global sales by around 1700% in 2030 compared to …”

B. Krüger, G. Filomeno, D. Dennin, P. Tenberge Holistic Design of All-Wheel Drive Electric Powertrains Using a Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm S. 377-394

„… harmonized light vehicles test cycle (WLTC) are shown in Fig. 4. In this Figure, EMA corresponds with the …” „… aufzuzeigen. Abstract In this paper, all-wheel drive (AWD) systems in battery electric vehicles (BEVs …” „… manufacturers increase the supply of BEVs within their vehicle portfolio. Many of those demand AWD systems to …”

A. Drechsel, J. Pellkofer, K. Stahl, J. Sandor, M. Hein Development of a new test method to investigate the wear behaviour of hypoid gear oils S. 453-468

„… Development of a new test method to investigate the wear behaviour of hypoid gear oils M.Sc …” „… , highly loaded hypoid gears, which are preferably used in vehicle axle drives, exhibit an unfavorable …” „… capacity of gears on the basis of physical or chemical oil data alone, experimental test methods are …”

P. Barve Gear Design Challenges of 2-speed-AMT High Torque E-Drives S. 499-516

„… electric vehicles. The trade-offs between city and highway driving can still be met while ensuring that …” „… electric vehicle. Thus, more stringent NVH design targets were set. This paper presents a system-level …” „… against failure modes and gear mesh misalignment 10 Testing Bench level and vehicle …”

R. R. Kasibhatla, P. Neidhardt, K. Caliskan Thermal Simulation according to Maturity Level in E-Drive Development S. 61-76

„… coupled system simulation, 3D-CFD/CHT simulations as well as validation tests, is necessary to support …” „… development process efficiently. 3. Thermal simulation of electric motors for vehicle drivetrain …” „… no test data are available to calibrate the simulation models. One way to reach this target is an …”

M. Häßler, O. Werner The Pendulum Rocker Damper – Providing flexible damper characteristics for hybrid powertrains S. 329-346

„… investigations on test rigs under real operating conditions and accompanying calculations on damage …” „… and the E-machine 1 is operated as a generator while the E-machine 2 drives the vehicle. In this case …” „… process to the target independently of the train isolation with respect to e.g. longitudinal vehicle …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023815

Bernhard Geringer, Hanz-Peter Lenz - 39. Internationales Wiener Motorensymposium 26.-27. April 2018

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Bernhard Geringer (ed.), Hanz-Peter Lenz (ed.)

39. Internationales Wiener Motorensymposium 26.-27. April 2018

Series: Verkehrstechnik/Fahrzeugtechnik

Volume 807 2018

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H. Schmidt, G. Zielonka Worldwide Harmonised Light-duty Vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP) in Europa - Gesetzgebung und praktische Umsetzung /Implementing the Worldwide Harmonised Light-duty Vehicles Test Procedures (WLTP) in Eu... S. 538-555

„… , Essen Worldwide Harmonised Light-duty vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP) in Europa – Gesetzgebung und …” „… vehicles Test Procedure“ (WLTP). Im Mittelpunkt stehen die Entwicklung des Fahrzyklus und der Prüfprozedur …” „… Abgasgesetzgebung verankert. /12/, /13/ Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Cycle (WLTC) Eine wichtige …”

R. A. Varella, M. V. Faria, P. de Carvalho Baptista, L. Sousa, G. Nuno de Oliveira Duarte, P. Mendoza-Villafuerte Einfluss der Straßenqualität auf C02-Emissionen im Rahmen der On-Road-Prüfung nach der Regulierung der EU Real Driving Emissions (RDE) Auswahl /Influence of Road Grade in CO2 Emissions under On-Road T... S. 744-762

„… , Portugal. The tests were conducted by two different drivers using 4 vehicles (3 diesel and 1 gasoline …” „… , such as vehicle payload and test mass, dynamic conditions and vehicle conditions and operation [12 …” „… ]. Table 1. Vehicles Specifications and Test Conditions [12]. Even with all the referred regulated …”

S. H. Kim, K. S. Lee Die nächste Generation Brennstoffzellen-Auto von Hyundai Motor Company /The Next Generation Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle from Hyundai Motor Company S. 475-490

„… successfully proved by various types of vehicle collision tests, such as head-on, broadside, and offset …” „… pass various crash tests to ensure the safety before customers can buy them as usual vehicles …” „… Next Generation Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle from Hyundai Motor Company Die nächste Generation …”

J. Y. Kim, I. S. Ryu, J. N. Kim, D. H. Han, K.-P. Ha, J. Y. Kong, J. D. Rho, I. J. Hwang, K. S. Choi Hyundai-Kia’s SmartStream 1.6L DI-Turbo Motor/Hyundai-Kia’s SmartStream 1.6L Turbo GDI Engine S. 167-190

„… used in the vehicle, and we generated a global DoE model using ETAS ASCMO® out of the entire DoE test …” „… L DI-Turbo Motor Abstract As the need for environmentally friendly vehicles increase …” „… on Hyundai-Kia new vehicles and Eco cars (HEV/PHEV) in the near future. Kurzfassung Der Bedarf …”

F. Will, H. Wang, L. Gaojian, L. Guohua OVER8™ - Erschwingliche Thermomanagementinnovationen zur Erreichung der 2020 Kraftstoffverbrauchsgrenzen in China /OVER8™ - Affordable Thermal Management Innovations to Achieve the 2020 Fuel Consumpti... S. 588-605

„… ) which also makes it one of the world’s best-selling cars. The test vehicle was a Wuling Hong Guang S1 …” „… : Technical specification Wuling Hong Guang S1 Before the baseline tests were conducted the vehicle was …” „… exchanger. For further vehicle tests the measurement of particulate mass and particulate numbers should …”

M. Toriumi Nissan's elektrische Antriebsstrang-Strategie/Nissan’s Electric Powertrain Strategy S. 491-500

„… production battery electric vehicle (EV), taking the lead on a zero emission strategy based on EVs. Our …” „… . Nissan will expand electric powertrain vehicles in global markets through EVs and e-POWER for …” „… the transition to a renewable energy society. Nissan introduced battery electric vehicles (EVs) to …”

W. Wiese, C. Laidig, E. Schünemann, F. Balthasar, J. Chahal Einfluss von Kraftstoffeigenschaften, Additivierung und Einspritzung auf die Partikelentstehung bei DI Ottomotoren /Effects of Fuel Composition, Additives and Injection Parameters on Particulate Forma... S. 556-574

„… Bench) Dynamic (Vehicle Test Bench) Possible impact of additives High PN Fuel: Wall wetting more …” „… aufgrund von Ablagerungen ist die so genannte Injektor-PN- 0% 100% 200% 300% HC CO NOX PN Vehicle 3 Fuel C …” „… Fuel D 0% 100% 200% 300% HC CO NOX PN Vehicle 2 Fuel A Fuel B 0% 100% 200% 300% HC CO NOX PN Vehicle 4 …”

C. De Marino, G. Maiorana, P. Pallotti, S. Quinto, D. Sacco Der Global 3 und 4-Zylinder-Turbo Motor: Die neue FCA-Familie von kleinen High-Tech Benzinmotoren /The Global Small Engine 3 and 4 Cylinder Turbo: The New FCA’s Family of Small High-Tech Gasoline Engi... S. 129-166

„… requirements as well as the new vehicle test cycles, a significant challenge for a modern efficient internal …” „… operation under all driving conditions, as well as to ensure the engine right sizing according to Vehicle …” „… 2018 - 138 - 1.2.3 Demo engine testing assessment. The first test results of the “Demo …”

M. Lang, R. Almbauer, R. Kirchberger Technologien zur Abwärmenutzung in verbrennungsmotorischen Antrieben und deren Prüfstandserprobung /Waste Heat Recovery Technology in ICE-based Propulsion Systems and its Experimental Investigation S. 705-724

„… /Fazit Bereich, gilt als eine der -Rankine Die durchgeführten Tests bestät -Kreisläufen und deren …” „… Emissions Standards – Passenger Cars and Light Duty vehicles 2015/2016; Lesedatum 9. 2015 …” „… Off-Highway Vehicles 2014/2015; Lesedatum 9. 2015: http://www.delphi.com/manufacturers …”

M. Sens, E. Binder, A. Benz, L. Krämer, K. Blumenröder, M. Schultalbers Vorkammerzündung als Schlüsseltechnologie für hocheffiziente Ottomotoren - neue Ansätze und Betriebsstrategien /Pre-Chamber Ignition as a Key Technology for Highly Efficient Sl Engines - New Approache... S. 291-335

„… Kompressionsvolumen WLTP WLTP Worldwide harmonized Light vehicles Test Procedure - Jet-Winkel, Winkel …” „… Europäische Gesetzgebung [1] Die Ergänzung des Worlwide harmonized Light duty vehicles Test Procedure (WLTP …” „… Versuchsträgers Table 1: Characteristics of the test carrier 39. Internationales Wiener Motorensymposium …”

P. Sauermann, I. Sharp Kraftstoff-Technologien für emissionsarme Mobilität/Fuel Technologies for Low-Emission Mobility S. 629-644

„… (RDE). Diese sind so signifikant, dass aktuelle Tests und Simulationen durch Concawe [4],[5] nur …” „… der im Test zurückgelegten Wegstrecke ausmacht und somit den größten Anteil an den Gesamtemissionen …” „… Luftqualität als auch die Treibhausgasemissionen zu verbessern. Erste Tests mit einer 20%-igen …”

S. Kunert, W. Müller, S. Musa, S. Spiess, L. Hentschel, L. Schlüter, M. Thiele Integration der Drei-Wege-Funktionalität in den Ottopartikelfiltereine neue Technologie in der motomahen Abgasnachbehandlung /Integration of the Three-Way Functionality into the Gasoline Particulate F... S. 575-587

„… Vehicles Test Procedure) evaluiert. Als Referenz diente die von Umicore im Jahre 2014 vorgestellte …”

A. Fischer, M. Thelliez, M. Merida Delgado Messung und Simulation der Kraftstoffbenetzung einer GDI Einspritzdüse als Ursache erhöhter Partikel Emission /Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Injector Tip Wetting in Modern Gasoline Engin... S. 725-743

„… Kraftstoffe mit mehreren Komponenten simuliert werden um den Einfluss verschiedener Kraftstoffe zu testen und …” „… , „Feasibility of Introducing Particulate Filters on Gasoline Direct Injection Vehicles“, Publications Office of …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186807120

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Land.Technik AgEng 2017

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Land.Technik AgEng 2017

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2300 2017

Results in this title

W. Stark, C. Pieke Efficiency Optimization by Using “Vehicle in the Loop” Test Methodology S. 399-406

„… Efficiency Optimization by Using “Vehicle in the Loop” Test Methodology Dipl.-Ing. (FH …” „… on the vehicle test bench. This benchmark test evaluates the fuel consumption of tractors in …” „… 1: DLG Power Mix test cycle overview. Cycle Number Abbreviation Description Classification Vehicle …”

A. Bürger, S. Böttinger Driving comfort analysis of an agricultural tractor with the Hohenheim Tyre Model on complex tracks S. 263-272

„… test methods. Accompanying the design process of a tractor, simulation models of these vehicles can …” „… vibrations – is increasingly targeted by legislation and vehicle manufacturers. To increase the efficiency …” „… standard is used as vehicle excitation. A special focus is set on the ability of the Hohenheim Tyre Model …”

B. Jung, B. Miller, T. Herlitzius Control concepts for ride comfort improvements of harvesting machines with large headers S. 273-280

„… . Besides the engine power, also the vehicle weight, the grain tank capacity, and the cutting width of the …” „… suppress self- induced vehicle oscillations. Within the second concept, it is examined whether the …” „… inclusion of the vehicle speed as additional control variable can improve the vehicle stability. Results …”

D. Engelmann, M. R. Unger, M. Geimer Testing and Benchmarking a Powertrain with Independent Wheel Control for Heavy Machinery S. 303-314

„… explained to bring out the differences in modelling and test procedures compared to on-road …” „… the vehicle. The driveline itself is adapted for each machine and its special uses. Besides the …” „… the same speed, and turning corners with the vehicle causes tensions in the driveline [2] or forced …”

J. Redenius, M. Dingwerth, A. Ruckelshausen, J. Hertzberg, T. Krause, B. Kettelhoit A multilevel simulation framework for highly automated harvest processes enabled by environmental sensor systems S. 157-164

„… environmental sensor simulation for reducing the number of time- and cost-intensive vehicle tests [2]. However …” „… Extensive field tests are necessary to represent the diversity of possible constellations in …” „… environment-based functions and cooperative processes in agriculture. Due to harvesting periods, such tests are …”

P. Vervaet, M. Gandillet ‘2 in 1 tire’ technology to allow maximal efficiency of the transmission chain in both road and field usage S. 447-452

„… tractive effort, and could therefore lead to a new design of ‘lighter’ high power vehicles allowing better …” „… of the tire to transmit high tractive efforts. o This performance can be measured in a test were 2 …” „… results of such a test. With the EvoBib, we observed, for the same load and pressure, gains of tractive …”

M. Sieting, J. Krüger, H. J. Meyer Evaluation of a Suspension Concept of a Hydropneumatic Full Suspended Tractor with Focus on the Dymnamics in Combination with Implements S. 281-290

„… basis of the dynamic behavior of the vehicle on different road surfaces for a passive and a semi-active …” „… unaffected from the dynamics of the vehicle structure as possible, some manufacturers pursue a concept in …” „… which the rear three-point linkage is connected to the hydropneumatic sprung rear axle of the vehicle …”

P. Hannukainen, R. Åman Biomethane as tractor fuel – Opportunities for customer, manufacturer or climate S. 355-366

„… . Reduction potential of CO2 emission when using combustion engine as main energy source of vehicle is …” „… limited to rather modest ratio. Development in different components and vehicle operation can gain some …” „… alternative vehicle fuel. Today, most manufacturers offer passenger cars that are able to use CNG and RNG …”

K. Szalay, L. Kovács, G. Bércesi, I. Oldal, E. Piron, J. Charlat, T. Joly, C. Poncet, F. Tran Agricultural Tire Energy Efficiency test method and dedicated equipment to measure the fuel consumption and traction of agricultural tires under real field conditions S. 407-416

„… machine is a self-propelling vehicle with a measurement post to test tire only. The following 3D model …” „… Agricultural Tire Energy Efficiency test method and dedicated equipment to measure the fuel …” „… Working Group in order to draft a common methodology to test the agricultural tire energy efficiency, in …”

T. H. Langer Model-in-the-Loop Tuning of Hitch Control Systems of Agricultural Tractors S. 191-198

„… data, this can be used as foundation for standardized test field in order to conduct repeatable tests …” „… tests with no variation on the boundary conditions, the loop time for each iteration can as well be …” „… optimum set of control parameters shall be identified. State-of-theart is to conduct full scale tests in …”

C. Körtgen, G. Morandi, G. Jacobs, A. Kramer Efficient development by automatic calibration of tractor transmission control units S. 291-296

„… substitutes the subjective rating of a test driver and the multi-criterial optimization algorithm which …” „… , which is widely achieved by modern power split transmissions. Optimizing the vehicle speed requires the …” „… is based on the subjective driving perception of an experienced calibration engineer on a test …”

F. Hantschack, R. Rahmfeld, J. Bagusch, A. Meyer, E. Dohm Development of a high performance continuously variable drive for mobile agricultural and construction machinery S. 315-322

„… design, the manufacturing and the test bench validation while Danfoss supplied the hydraulic components …” „… and provided technical support and expertise regarding system integration and vehicle start up …” „… . Wacker Neuson took the responsibility for functional and durability testing in the vehicle. The new …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVII

„… Vehicle Dynamics J. Karner, Definition of a test method to evaluate vibrations acting on 255 C. Danner, a …” „… . Stark, Efficiency Optimization by Using “Vehicle in the Loop” 399 C. Pieke Test Methodology K. Szalay …” „… Evaluation Test Stand to quantify System M. Rothmund Response and Accuracy Technologies for Renewable Energy …”

A. Meiners, S. Häberle, S. Böttinger Advancement of the Hohenheim Tractor Model – Adaption on current demands S. 245-254

„… are established. The Institute of Mobile Machines and Commercial Vehicles of the Technische …” „… principle, they can be assigned to three different categories with exemplary machines: Vehicle: Tractor …” „… to [13] using a test tractor equipped with 2 measuring rims at the rear and one at the front axle …”

N. Butts, B. Schleusner, M. Bremer Material and Distribution Sensor (MADS) for Combine Material Flow – How to design and build a low-cost material sensor S. 591-598

„… utilize large test stands that provide a snapshot of combine performance. The Material and Distribution …” „… dropped on the sensor with a rate between 4 and 360 seeds/test. Each test was 15 seconds in length …” „… test, so the seed count is slightly higher than the actual number of seeds dropped on the sensor. The …”

M. Peeters, V. Kloster, T. Fedde, L. Frerichs Integrated wheel load measurement for tractors S. 423-430

„… and Commercial Vehicles, Technische Universität Braunschweig Abstract Soil protection and …” „… in longitudinal and lateral direction of the vehicle will influence the dynamic wheel loads. Due to …” „… forces. In DE 10029332 B4 [7] it is described for pneumatic axle suspensions for commercial vehicles and …”

M. L. Bilde, T. T. Revsbeck Optimized material flow and cleaning capacity with new return pan system in a combine harvester S. 105-110

„… processing capacity without increasing the vehicle envelope. This challenge, has led to the continued …” „… . The test results presented in the following sections are all gathered on a full-scale cleaning shoe …” „… test stand and in a controlled and repeatable lab test environment. A 70/30% grain/MOG mixture has …”

C. Ehlert, L. Erger Development of an Intelligent Stretch Brake System S. 143-148

„… determined by the vehicle vertical force acting on the tire (FZ,W) and the traction coefficient ( ), the …” „… using the inner losses of the drivetrain at high engine RPM. Figure 4 shows that at low vehicle speeds …” „… slip and wheel slip change rate are not standard equipment on tractors. In addition, internal tests …”

J. Karner, C. Danner, A. Kerschbaumer, H. Prankl Definition of a test method to evaluate vibrations acting on a tractor driver S. 255-262

„… Definition of a test method to evaluate vibrations acting on a tractor driver Dr. Jürgen Karner …” „… is incredibly versatile [2]. Previous tests were carried out typically without implements [3, 4]. So …” „… an objective test method “Wieselburg vibration test-cycle” with specified driving cycles including …”

R. Schmetz Calculation of the losses in series-hybrid powertrains S. 513-520

„… this paper are derived. Modeling Although classic vehicle manufacturers prefer parallel hybrid …” „… on powertrains, as they are used in vehicles with an external energy supply (for example …” „… - VDI-Berichte Nr. 2300, 2017 513 extenders in battery electric vehicles). However, the advantage of certain …”

J. Ettl, H. Bernhardt, K. Thuneke, E. Remmele, P. Emberger, G. Huber Real driving emissions of tractors during field work and on the test stand S. 391-398

„… Real driving emissions of tractors during field work and on the test stand M.Sc., Dipl.-Ing. J …” „… ploughing into test cycles. The test cycles are applied at the tractor, which is connected to an eddy …” „… the test stand replicated values can be observed for three repetitions. The specific emission values …”

J. Schwehn, S. Häberle, S. Böttinger Development of energy requirements of tractors and implements S. 237-244

„… Nr. 2300, 2017 239 On a worldwide perspective, there are different test procedures in action. The …” „… OECD Code 2 standard test is one of the most used test procedures for a tractor’s approval. The …” „… procedure consists of a power take-off test and three different tests, which are necessary for approval …”

J. Wieckhorst, T. Fedde, L. Frerichs A Traction Field Test – Real Time Tire Soil Parameters of a Tractor in Tillage Applications S. 431-438

„… A Traction Field Test – Real Time Tire Soil Parameters of a Tractor in Tillage Applications …” „… , Institute of Mobile Machines and Commercial Vehicles, Technische Universität Braunschweig Abstract The …” „… of a tractor, was presented [1]. The test bench results were promising. In 2016, the prototype …”

J. Sonnen, J. Möller The Technical Concept of a Manufacturer-Independent Web-Based Data Exchange Platform for the Agricultural Sector S. 73-78

„… used across different machines, and do not need to spend too long on self-propelled vehicles that are …” „… access to an agrirouter test environment in which they can test their app in relation to correct login …”

K. Ritters, P. Winkelhahn, L. Frerichs, B. Kriebel Determining saving potentials in a tractor drivetrain using a simulation model and measured operating data S. 297-302

„… , Institute of Mobile Machines and Commercial Vehicles, Technische Universität Braunschweig; Dipl.-Ing. (FH …” „… reasons for the differences are, the DLG-Powermix is performed on a test track, which contains curves, but …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023006

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Fahrzeugsicherheit

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2312 2017

Results in this title

B. Maier Vision Zero: Crash tests no obsolescent model, but indispensable grounding of vehicle safety moon S. 93-104

„… Vision Zero: Crash tests no obsolescent model, but indispensable grounding of vehicle safety moon …” „… zukünftig auch für den Test von Wasserstoff- und Brennstoffzellenfahrzeugen erweitert werden. Ein …” „… Entwicklung von Electric Vehicle (EV), Hybrid Electric Vehicle und alternativen Antrieben, was zu einer …”

A. Forster, B. Peters, S. Zecha Automated Driving: New interior concepts and occupant safety – Contradiction or opportunity? S. 245-260

„… , three-point, or four-point seat belts could be the answer for different vehicle categories. To test …” „… unintended optimization towards test-specific boundary conditions. In relation to new interior concepts in …” „… higher levels of vehicle interior design freedom: Once the driver is free to pursue other activities …”

P. Seiniger, A. Hellmann, M. Wisch, J. Gail Schutz von schwächeren Verkehrsteilnehmern: kommende Anforderungen aus Gesetzgebung und Euro NCAP S. 313-330

„… Protection of Vulnerable Road Users: Upcoming Requirements from Vehicle Regulation and Euro NCAP Dr.-Ing …” „… Active vehicle safety systems, such as braking assist systems and automated emergency braking systems …” „… vehicle manufacturers to exploit potentials that would otherwise not be possible on an economic basis …”

S. Bogdanow, B. Kleinert, M. Marutzky IIHS Test und Potentiale zur Verbesserung der Verkehrssicherheit S. 331-342

„… IIHS Test und Potentiale zur Verbesserung der Verkehrssicherheit Dipl.-Ing. Sven Bogdanow …” „… Beitrag befasst sich mit der Fragestellung, welche Test- und Validierungsmethoden für die …” „… definiert. In Amerika finden hingegen die Vorschriften der FMVSS (Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard …”

K. Hallbauer, U. Dierks, M. Wendt Wenn’s auf der falschen Seite kracht… – Untersuchung der neuen Euro NCAP Far Side Seitenaufprallanforderungen S. 293-312

„… vehicles were reviewed and assessed in frontal and side impact crash tests for type approval and consumer …” „… Crashtest der einer Fahrzeug-Fahrzeug- Kreuzungskollision nachempfunden ist. Dieser Test wurde 2015 an die …” „… hat dabei „sub-system“ Tests auf einem Beschleunigungsschlitten entwickelt, welche das Feldgeschehen …”

M. Li, M. Kunert, R. Henze Herausforderungen, Anwendungsfälle und Zukunftstechnologien für einen besseren Radfahrerschutz mit hochauflösenden Automobilradaren S. 105-122

„… Autonomous Emergency Braking (AEB), which addresses in advance the potential collision between vehicles in …” „… longitudinal direction or between vehicle and crossing pedestrians. A major part of the accidents are caused …” „… by the collision between vehicle and crossing/passing cyclists. From 2018 on, EuroNCAP will introduce …”

C. Buchholz, R. Stark Vergleich hybrider und virtueller Model-in-the Loop Methoden für die frühe menschzentrierten Verifikation und Validierung fortschrittlicher Fahrerassistenzsysteme S. 69-80

„… 14 mittels des SHPiL-Absicherungstests abgesichert. Die Test-Setups sind in Bild 4 zu sehen …” „… Fahrerassistenzsysteme früher als bisher im Regelkreis von Fahrzeug, Umgebung und Fahrer zu testen und abzusichern. Im …” „… the vehicle and a high customer acceptance by adequate design of the human-machine Interface both …”

S. Heine, R. Schöneburg, M. Fehring, J. Richert Wirkpotentiale von PRE-SAFE® Impuls Seite am Beispiel eines schweren Kreuzungsunfallszenarios S. 215-232

„… crash tests. For this purpose, crash tests were performed with two vehicles in each case. In the tests …” „… . The target vehicle was equipped with PRE-SAFE® Impulse in one test and did not have the preventative …” „… protection system in the other test. The collision angle of the two vehicles was 105°. The point of impact …”

M. Östling, C. Sunnevång, C. Svensson, H.-O. Kock Potential future seating positions and the impact on injury risks in a Learning Intelligent Vehicle (LIV) – How to avoid submarining in a reclined seating position in a frontal crash S. 261-276

„… Vehicle (LIV) How to avoid submarining in a reclined seating position in a frontal crash Martin …” „… Vehicle. This concept car is evaluating how future car driving will be supervised by both the driver and …” „… position has been evaluated in sled testing using the THOR (Test device for Human Occupant Restraint) 50 …”

B. Peters, M. Khalil, K. Rink, S. Kern Strategy for the limits of automated driving – Terminal stop, system shut down – all out please? S. 21-32

„… driving task any more. The main task of this system is to bring the vehicle to a safe emergency stop. An …” „… actions depending on the severity of the malfunction. 1. Status quo and trend Future vehicles …” „… already led to assisted driving (“partial automation”, SAE/VDA Level 2). Vehicles with a Level 2 system …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-IX

„… Prozesse der integralen Sicherheit B. Maier Vision Zero: Crash tests no obsolescent model, but 93 …” „… indispensable grounding of vehicle safety moon Sicherheit ungeschützter Verkehrsteilnehmer M. Li …” „… , risks in a Learning Intelligent Vehicle (LIV) – How to avoid C. Svensson, submarining in a reclined …”

F. Bosma, P. A. van Hooijdonk, M.G.A. Tijssens, K. Kietlinski, M. Unger, J. Schüling Das Verbesserungspotential von Systemen der Passiven Sicherheit für 50% Insassen S. 351-382

„… PKW (D-Klasse) einem Referenztest von 56 km/h USNCAP Full Width Frontal Test mit vorhergehender …” „… Verbraucher-Test-Protokolle definiert sind. Jedoch wird das Schutzniveau der Insassen, die durch dieselben …” „… testen und schließlich die Wirkung des Sicherheitssystems mit ein menschliches Modell, das prädiktives …”

H. Freienstein, H. Höpfner, F. Drews, T. Lich, F. Österle, W. Klier Reliable pre-crash detection and decision making for accident against oncoming traffic S. 197-214

„… . Heiko Freienstein, Fachreferent, Corporate Research, Vehicle Safety and Automated Driving Dr. H …” „… known that the progress in active and passive safety of modern vehicles has succeeded in reducing the …” „… occupants) was injured during a crash against another oncoming vehicle or while their car was leaving the …”

F. Krauns, K. Kietlinski, R. Henze, M. Tijssens, F. Küçükay Analyse von Fahrerbewegungen unter dem Einfluss von Automatisierungsstufen und einer Pre-Crash Maßnahme S. 33-42

„… and vehicle dynamics. Based on this task, a test method for measuring the upper and lower body …” „… increasing automation of vehicles makes it necessary to consider indirect effects of active safety functions …” „… . Tabelle 1: Test-Parameter Soll-Verzögerung revers. Gurtstraffer Körperhaltung -4 m/s² Inaktiv Manuell …”

J. Holtz, L. Zink, M. S. Pedersen Sicherheitskonzept für Leichtkraftfahrzeuge mit Karosseriestrukturen aus Sandwichmaterial S. 171-184

„… vehicle VDI-Berichte Nr. 2312, 2017172 3. BEHICLE – Fahrzeug Im Rahmen des EU-Projektes BEHICLE wurde …” „… 12,26 Punkte und im FWDB Test nach Euro NCAP Protokoll für Leichtkraftfahrzeuge 12 Punkte berechnet …” „… Verbund aus Sandwichpaneelen und Aluminiumblechen einleiten im ODB-Test mit 64 km/h und die Verbindung …”

J. Holtz, G. Müller, S. Müller Kindermenschmodellierung in der Unfallrekonstruktion im Vergleich zum Q6 Dummy S. 383-396

„… test parameters. 24th Enhanced Safety Vehicle Conference, 2015, Gothenburg, Sweden. [2] Tylko, S …” „… . Responses of the Hybrid III 5th Female and 10‐year‐old ATD Seated in the Rear Seats of Passenger Vehicles …” „… in Frontal Crash Tests. Proceedings of IRCOBI Conference, 2012, Dublin, Ireland [3] PIPER …”

J. Feese SAFE ROADS in Indien und China – Nachhaltige Kommunikationskampagnen zur Fahrzeugsicherheit S. 343-350

„… Vehicles unterstützten die Initiative. Externe Stakeholder wie JP Research India PVT Ltd, ARAI, NATRiP …” „… Ausstellung ein aktuell gecrashtes Fahrzeug - ein Mercedes-Benz GLC. Die Fahrgastzelle des GLC blieb im Test …”

K. Schneider, G. J. Sequeira, R. Lugner, A. Kamann, T. Brandmeier, R. Burgmeier Verification of pre-crash information for a predictive activation of passive safety actuators S. 185-196

„… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2312, 2017192 5. Auswertung der Ergebnisse Während den Tests wurden die drei …” „… Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV), Seoul: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers; Intelligent …” „… Transportation Systems Society; IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium; IV, 2015. [5] X. Luo, W. Du, H. Li, P. LI …”

P. Wimmer, C. Klein Wirksamkeitsbewertung aktiver Sicherheitssysteme anhand des Verletzungsrisikos als Basis für Systemoptimierung S. 81-92

„… Systemoptimierung Peter Wimmer, Christoph Klein, Virtual Vehicle, Graz, Österreich 1. Kurzfassung In …” „… Testszenarien und deren Repräsentativität für das reale Unfallgeschehen wird das Verhalten des …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023129

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