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VDI Wissensforum GmbH - ELIV-MarketPlace 2022

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

ELIV-MarketPlace 2022

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2405 2022

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A. Berger An Advanced High-Efficiency Inverter with High Switching Frequencies to Improve Powertrain Efficiency and Performance S. 85-98

„… Effect on Motor Torque,” Journal of Electromagnetic Analysis and Applications, vol. 4, pp 15-20, 2012. [5 …” „… . 1000V.)Material elimination of risk associated with Miller EffectSoft-SwitchingHard-SwitchingREDUCED …” „… series connection are not suitable for EV application because of higher losses and volume. And the …”

A. Ropers Virtual E/E Test Platform – co-exploration, optimization and validation of ECU architecture and software in the context of the car S. 9-18

„… analysiso Multicore HW-SW partitioning – joint optimization of application and architectureo Interconnect …” „… utilizationo High fidelity analysis for scheduling effects causing jitter, data-loss and missed …” „… Application LevelLevel 2Simulation BSWLevel 3Production BSWFull Virtual SW/HW Abstraction Enables Broadest Use …”

J. Toennemann Architectural Guidelines for AUTOSAR-based E/E Systems with Safety-related Availability Requirements S. 211-218

„… method of software fault avoidance is explained and its effects on software development are highlighted …” „… system failure as a fallback.All software in chain of effect must be reliable.Safety-related availability …” „… former boasts performance-heavy application cores> the latter (functional safety island) sports real-time …”

U. Bodenhausen Comprehensive Test Strategy for AI Based Systems – From AI Test Principles to T est Optimization S. 265-282

„… (e.g. voice and gesture recognition) or predictive maintenance. Recently, the application of AI to …” „… application of AI in the automotive industry, the focus is on performance, Functional Safety and Safety of the …” „… 2020Generic Architecture for Automated Driving*AI AIAIAI Examples for possible AI application4/31 …”

G. Seidel, T. Smits, J. Lützner Supplier‘s Perspective of the Truck Architecture Transformation S. 349-358

„… / Applications HPC PlatformCloud Cloud / On PremiseData CenterCloud ServicesAutomotive SW PlatformPlatform …” „… EnablerMiddlewareFunctions/ApplicationsToolchain APIVehicle APIHardware APIMiddleware APIVDI-Berichte Nr. 2405, 2022 355PublicCollaborative …” „… effect chainsRefine & detail newE/E-architecturePublic› Harmonize development and integration of …”

M. Tanimou, T. Stumpf Centralized Architecture in Commercial Vehicles and its impact on Software defined Architecture S. 403-412

„… disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for …” „… of applications for industrial property rights.The vehicle is changing to a “smartphone” on …” „… , exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial …”

N. Kechler, Eric Sax Big Data Analytics for a seamless Design Flow of reliable Automated Driving Functions S. 257-264

„… : 1. A continuous process for the application of complementary analytical methods during the whole …” „… the robustness and reliability. 4. A profitable side effect are the use-cases that offer the …” „… DrivesInstitute for Information Processing Technologies (ITIV)The application of monitoring systems is also …”

V. Horvath, H. Laine, G. Blahut, A. Késmárki, M. Pfeifle Streaming Map Data Efficiently from Cloud to ECUs – A Cost-Efficient and Self-Adapting Solution for Intelligent Speed Assistance S. 239-248

„… powertrain unit. 3. AI Based Speed Limit Learning ADAS and Navigation applications are based on maps …” „… minimized. After the data arrives in the vehicle, an in-vehicle horizon application distributes the data …” „… applications but can also be used for other ADAS applications such as adaptive headlight adjustment or road …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024058

VDI - Rethinking the circular economy for plastics

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VDI (ed.)

Rethinking the circular economy for plastics

Series: Blaue Papiere

Volume 05/2023 2023

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Field of Action 3 Creating regulatory incentives for a circular plastics economy S. 35-52

„… counteract this effect, there would have to be several quotas in diffe-rent product or application areas …” „… product cycles. Possible diversion effects: if recyclates are diverted from existing applications to …” „… of raw materials. A quota that is too low, however, would not create any incentive effect.Since the …”

Field of Action 2 Making closing the loop the task of all stakeholders S. 14-34

„… into recyclates. The pull effect on the upstream stages would be significant, but so would the push …” „… effect on the downstream stages, in which recyclates could be made available in sufficient quantity and …” „… neglected (rebound effect). In order to actu-ally advance the circular economy in the field of plastics, the …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783949971402

VDI-Wissensforum GmbH - DRITEV – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2021

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VDI-Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

DRITEV – Drivetrain for Vehicles 2021

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2381 2021

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P. Barve Gear Design Challenges of 2-speed-AMT High Torque E-Drives S. 499-516

„… maximum contact stress. Involves Statistical evaluation, i.e. main effects and interactions, multi‐level design for manufacturing variables Multi‐Level Statistical …” „… , supercars and, N1 and N2 LCV applications. Developing a 2-Speed AMT gearbox for various applications …” „… chosen so that the gearbox can be used for different applications with minor modifications. Fig …”

R. R. Kasibhatla, P. Neidhardt, K. Caliskan Thermal Simulation according to Maturity Level in E-Drive Development S. 61-76

„… essential for e-drives to meet performance and installation requirements. The coiling system effects not …” „… applications Thermal simulation of electric drivetrains can be performed based on two general methods. These …” „… and proportionally higher cooling powers. In ZF electric axle applications, with the mentioned …”

R. Kockisch, J. Müller, Erik Schneider Modular transmission systems for future BEV platform applications S. 11-22

„… Modular transmission systems for future BEV platform applications René Kockisch, Dr. Jörg Müller …” „… of disassembly. Over the past years, IAV has introduced tool chains and their applications that can …” „… powertrains. How the share will be depends on many effects like Legislation, infrastructure for charging …”

C. Schörghuber, M. Ortner, J. Pell, S. Pretsch Holistic system design and operation of a fuel cell truck based on an innovative energy management S. 685-700

„… for fuel cell and battery system these limitations are changing over lifetime due to aging effects …” „… long-haul application. Thereby hydrogen is stored within high pressure tanks in gaseous or liquid state …” „… effects of the fuel cells and battery cells. The resulting cooling demand leads to a significantly higher …”

J. Shutty, A. Moser, D. Gajowski Analysis of propulsion system architectures across vehicle segments and markets S. 23-34

„… driven OEMs to pursue a variety of solutions for their different applications including advanced …” „… for those applications. One such tool is a state of the art simulation framework that BorgWarner …” „… showing the efficiency effects of temperature isolated to individual components are also shown to …”

F. Langhammer, A. Kappes, A. Viehmann, S. Rinderknecht Novel “Two-Drive-Transmission for Long-Range” Powertrain: Ecology and Efficiency meet Driving Comfort S. 207-228

„… gearshifts for high shift comfort [4]. For some applications it is useful to hybridize this concept by …” „… pure electric or hybrid applications in particular the voltage level, e.g. ranging from 48 volts up to …” „… high voltage applications, the power of the drive units and also the number of totally available …”

C. Schmidt, H. Dhejne, J. Karlsson High Efficient 2 speed e-Axle – Highly efficient and shiftable under load S. 145-158

„… concept should be modular in order to minimize the modifications for different applications. Inverter and …” „… already benchmark in power density and the right solution for this innovative application …” „… effects have the potential to lower cost of inverter and wiring. The e-machine costs can be decreased by …”

M. Häßler, O. Werner The Pendulum Rocker Damper – Providing flexible damper characteristics for hybrid powertrains S. 329-346

„… damper for passenger car applications. Reducing the effects of the spring rate on the torsional …” „… characteristics can easily be adjusted to special requirements of different applications without changing the …” „… exemplary in terms of the quality of the simulation results in the early design phase. The application of …”

M. Hein, J. Pellkofer, K. Michaelis, T. Tobie, K. Stahl, D. Kadach Test method A/16,6/90 with injection lubrication for discriminating different lubricants for dual-clutch transmissions S. 437-452

„… . The latest findings regarding DCT applications will be presented in the scope of this publication. A …” „… applications was developed in accordance to the FZG stage test A/16,6/90. In contrast to the established test …” „… applications, which help to avoid the failure mode scuffing, have been developed. Furthermore, these …”

T. Hillesheim Energy-efficient Hydraulic Control for the Multi-speed Transmission of an Electric Vehicle S. 319-328

„… real operating cycles, they also have a costreducing effect, as the battery volume can be selected to …” „… be correspondingly smaller. An indirect cost effect also arises from the fact that, if a …” „… transmissions in conjunction with battery-powered electric drives. At least one series-production application …”

J. De Landtsheere TREMEC HYbrid DRive Axle – HYDRA – Hybridization enables RWD dynamics in a FWD car S. 125-144

„… for FWD platforms, architectural derivatives are possible for RWD+P3 applications or pure e-axles …” „… high performance DCT’s in recent years, with applications in C8 Corvette, Ford Mustang GT500 and …” „… typical performance application, the effective final drive ratio at the rear axle would differ a small …”

S. Dussinger, T. Wiedemann, B. Harter, B. Wiedenmann Simulation of induced axial forces on planet gear bearings at example of ZF’s 8-speed automatic transmission S. 469-486

„… such as gear assemblies increases steadily. Friction effects in planetary gear sets from ZF’s 8 …” „… experiments the investigation was started to reproduce friction effects and identify parameters of influence …” „… applications. Two options from the PAM-Medysa solver as part of the VPS solver were critical for the …”

R. Resch, C. Danzer, A. Poppitz, T. Pirkl Alternative drivetrains for sustainable commercial vehicles S. 669-684

„… utilized for various applications ranging from 18t rigid trucks up to 40 t long haul tractors. The concept …” „… applications. Advantageously, this may facilitate a scaling potential of these components regarding production …” „… is key for drive systems that are used in applications that need to cover a wide range from high …”

M. Dilzer BorgWarner P2 Modules – from HV to 48V S. 35-46

„… applications (PHEV HEV and MHEV) Dipl.-Ing. (TH) Martin Dilzer, BorgWarner Drivetrain Engineering GmbH …” „… reasonable costs. BorgWarner’s innovative and high performing P2 Modules for PHEV applications are …” „… for 48V applications. The approach is not just simply to replace the HV e-motor with 48V active parts …”

D. Morgenweck, M. Großmann, W. Fakler, M. Lamke, F. Bitzer ZF E-Mobility Software Functions for Commercial Vehicles S. 703-718

„… that can be used in as many applications as possible. This article describes one element of the ZF …” „… respective segments with components that can be used in as many applications as possible. In the sections …” „… . It is now understood that for low daily mileage applications, the electrification of BEV will become …”

E. Schneider, C. Danzer, E. Schreiterer Modular and highly functional Hybrid Platform for subcompact cars up to full-size SUV S. 191-206

„… comparison of powertrain concepts regarding their impact on the greenhouse gas effects a focus on the vehicle …” „… - and multispeed transmissions are needed to cover effectively a wide spectrum of vehicle applications …” „… properties and can be customized for each application. In case of the considered gear actuation for the DCT …”

X. Zhang, F. Küçükay Driveability optimization of electrified powertrains utilizing machine learning based control and the interaction with ADAS/AD systems S. 361-376

„… application of objective driveability evaluation system enables the quantification of driver's subjective …” „… continuous application of virtual development [10], automated optimization and calibration, the objective …” „… found in [1] and [3]. The application of the FFT method can be seen in [4]. Based on the possibility of …”

A. Drechsel, J. Pellkofer, K. Stahl, J. Sandor, M. Hein Development of a new test method to investigate the wear behaviour of hypoid gear oils S. 453-468

„… thicknesses in terms of wear due to the axle offset, their flank geometry and their areas of application. The …” „… . Here, the test oil is examined for its wear resistance in accordance with the area of application …” „… to their preferred application in vehicle axle drives, they are subject to highest demands in regard …”

M. Muether, B. Heuser, L. Virnich, A. Guedden, T. Luediger, D. van der Put Development trends towards CO2-neutral powertrains for HD applications S. 529-550

„… Development trends towards CO2-neutral powertrains for HD applications M. Muether, B. Heuser …” „… restrictions as additional constraints. Based on the specific requirements of heavy-duty applications, this …” „… solutions are viable depending on the specific application. This will be accompanied by a brief outlook on …”

K. Hirano E-Axle with multi driving modes for BEV & Mild HEV P4 – The 3 in 1 e-Axle for EV requiring a wide range of driving force S. 229-240

„… inverters) of one motor systems, where cost reductions due to mass production effects have already been …” „… Expansion to micro-city commuters by further lowering voltage (12 to 24 V) Application to HEV P4 at each …”

B. Krüger, G. Filomeno, D. Dennin, P. Tenberge Holistic Design of All-Wheel Drive Electric Powertrains Using a Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm S. 377-394

„… relative length. In case of the transmission, the speed ratio is optimized and the application of a …” „… force optimization to optimize technical objectives [4]. To investigate the effect of different EMs, he …” „… . Furthermore, dynamic effects within inverter and EM are neglected. The transmission enables a speed-reduction …”

A. Ramsauer, A. Pujari Frontloading for (Hybrid-) Transmission Integration at BMW S. 101-116

„… character-building effect on vehicles equipped with stepped transmissions, Power-On-Upshift events were the focus of …” „… -cylinder engine application S-Sport Mode With the increased number of vehicle variants comes the necessity …” „… different requirements on driving maneuvers for application and validation driven on test roads. These vary …”

G. Herbillon Performances Validation of an electrically-commanded dog clutch system for multi-speed and disconnectable eDrives S. 255-274

„… multiple applications. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2381, 2021 257 Looking at commercial vehicles, the trend of …” „… as steps, sometimes leading to undesired dynamic effects, such as torque oscillations or jerky …” „… targets were applied as steps, sometimes leading to undesired dynamic effects, such as torque …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023815

Felix Konstantin Kuhnke - Unsupervised Domain Adaption for Real-World Head Pose Estimation from Synthetic Data

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Felix Konstantin Kuhnke

Unsupervised Domain Adaption for Real-World Head Pose Estimation from Synthetic Data

Series: Informatik/ Kommunikation

Volume 883 2023

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Introduction S. 1-10

„… researched topic with many applications. These includeface recognition [1], emotion recognition [2], face …” „… briefoverview of applications of facial analysis highlights the importance ofinterpreting human faces as a …” „… strange to humans (uncannyvalley effect [15]). In this setting, the domain gap describes that …”

Domain adaptation using relative pose consistency S. 45-60

„… regularization.Here, we will also present applications of consistency regularizationfor domain adaptation. Then, we …” „… possible detrimental effects of batch normalization when trainingwith two datasets. Finally, we will give …” „… ′), g(x′′))︸︷︷︸Lconsistency, (4.2)with λ controlling the relative effect of the consistency term in the …”

Fundamentals S. 11-30

„… ofthe application. For other tasks, e.g., classification, that use surrogate lossfunctions, the goal …” „… possibilities to train and select amodel, depending on the task and application. Therefore, it is usuallynot …” „… to the baselinemodel.2.4 deep visual domain adaptationDA has many fields of application, e.g., speech …”

Evaluation S. 61-98

„… of our methods against each other.Third, we analyze the effects of different method components …” „… evaluation datasetsFigure 5.1: Effect of using one Euler angle rotation order with the values of …” „… adding an offset to all angles of the dataset. The effect ofcalibration will be evaluated in Section …”

Conclusion S. 99-102

„… the effects of data pre-processing concealed methodological contributions. Our study includesseveral …” „… can be applied to other pose estimationtasks. One example of another application of relative pose …”

Partial adversarial domain adaptation for continuous label spaces S. 31-44

„… . Besides a similar optimization framework, the applications ofboth methods are quite different. While GANs …” „… . PADA mitigatesthe effect of mismatch between label spaces by downweighting the dataof source classes …” „… during training phase two. In atypically application scenario we do not have access to all target …”

Bibliography S. 111-128

„… IEEE Winter Conferenceon Applications of Computer Vision (WACV). IEEE. 2023.[2] F. Kuhnke, L. Rumberg …” „… J. Ventre-Dominey. “I Reach Faster When I SeeYou Look: Gaze Effects in Human–Human and …” „… on Eye Tracking Research & Applications. 2016, pp. 131–138.[37] J. Kim, M. Stengel, A. Majercik, S. D …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186883100

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - International Conference on Gears 2023

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

International Conference on Gears 2023

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2422 2023

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W. Kassem, J. Müller, M. Oehler, O. Koch Analytical tooth root stress calculation for short fiberreinforced plastic gears S. 1361-1374

„… convenient analytical equation. Analytical equation without coupling effectsHook's law for a multilayer …” „… force application which defines the length of the lever arm in relation to the tooth root. It is …” „… influenced by the notch effect of the tooth root rounding and, in the case of external gears, usually has its …”

J. Zheng, D. Qin, C. Liu A Novel Dynamic Modeling Method of High-Speed Thin-Rimmed Gear Transmission S. 1279-1286

„… accelerationRotational effectsTime-varying meshing stiffnessAscertaining the length of meshing lineInertia …” „… comparison between simulation and experiment. The effects of centrifugal force and gear body flexible …” „… contrasting the simulation and test results, the validity of the model was confirmed. The effects of gear body …”

T. Inoue, D. Iba, N. Fujita, A. Nishikawa, M. Ishii, J. Hu, H. Shimasaki, N. Miura, A. Masuda, I. Moriwaki, J. Hongu Effect of Load Cycles on Return Loss and Resistance of Sensor and Antenna Circuits Printed on Plastic Gears S. 659-674

„… eliminate such thermal effects.An Anritsu MS46122B vector network analyzer was used to measure the return …” „… Effect of Load Cycles on Return Loss and Resistance of Sensor and Antenna Circuits Printed on …” „… could be used to detect signs of gear failure. This study investigated the effect of load cycles on the …”

B. van Wissen, L. Pastukhov, F. Mitsuzuka, K. Iwanaga, A. Hasanovic NVH performance of thermoplastic gears: modelling and measuring S. 1389-1402

„… Performance Material Solutions, using material science, application know-how and design expertise …” „… very suitable polymer to use in high performance gear applications. A deep understanding of the …” „… know-how of these applications, is key to enable material development and proper material selection to be …”

I. Hong, D. Talbot Tooth Bending Strain Rate Analysis in a Counter Shaft Drivetrain and Implications on Fatigue Strength S. 53-66

„… how those results translate to meshing gears. One part of that understanding is the frequency effect …” „… potential strain rate dependent effects there might be in gear fatigue failures. Requirements for fatigue …” „… rate effects to be worth consideration in gear design (i) the material must be sensitive to strain rate …”

C. M. C. G. Fernandes, J. M. A. Pinto, D. E. P. Gonçalves, A. R. Silva Reduction of root and flank temperature using a hybrid polymer-metal rack S. 1547-1562

„… don’t mimic real gear applications they were useful to characterize materials, validate models and …” „… capabilities: application of thermal power on the gear rack flank and subject the specimen to bending. The …” „… general description of the developed test rig will be now exposed (Figure 3). A load/heat application tool …”

U. Kissling Impact of manufacturing deviations on the NVH behavior of modern gear design concepts S. 367-382

„… behavior, or LCR (low contact ratio) gears for low power loss applications. Furthermore, profile and flank …” „… , spur and helical, and with or without modifications. For the same specified quality, the effects of …” „… wants the modifications as defined, e.g. especially for low-vibration gear sizing for EV applications …”

S. Sepp, A. Wenig, M. Otto, K. Stahl Acoustical behavior of periodic flank modifications under dynamic operating conditions S. 341-356

„… application of periodic flank modifications as a special type of flank form provides a pos-sibility to avoid …” „… transmission error (LTE) is typically used as specific value to evaluate the effect of these flank forms on the …” „… important. The application of modifications to the tooth flank microgeometry is a widely used method for …”

H. Jia, D. Qin, G. Hu, X. Xu, W. Bai Electromechanical Coupling Modeling and Torsional Vibration Analysis of Helicopter Electric Propulsion System S. 675-688

„… meshing characteristics of the gear transmission system, the harmonic and saturation effects of the …” „… helicopter, causing adverse effects on flight quality and safety[1-2]. Therefore, how to calculate and …” „… transmission system's dynamic characteristics was studied. Xu[7] analyzed the effect of transmission ratio on …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVIII

„… , Blankenfelde-Mahlow, GermanyEfficiency-improvement with low-loss-gears by two different application 13B.-R. Höhn, TUM …” „… Health Management in Gearbox Applications 97L. Binanzer, L. Merkle, M. Dazer, A. Nicola, Institute of …” „… Production Engineering (WZL) of RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany Design, application …”

S. Matkovič, D. Šeruga, M. Nagode, M. Kalin Prediction of tooth root fatigue failure of polymer gears for dry and oil lubricated contact and its comparison to experimentally obtained results S. 1301-1318

„… demanding applications. This is due to their advantageous properties (light weight, ease of manufacture, etc …” „… polymer gears in various systems including gearboxes, actuators, and other applications. The rise in …” „… applications can be attributed to the improved performance of polymers and their inherent characteristics, such …”

A. Carvalho, R. Rego, N. Fukumasu, D. Tamayo, F. Nascimento, I. Machado PVD Deposition of Nb-MoS2 Coatings on Gear Carburized Steel S. 1071-1082

„… and promising results in terms of its application as self-lubricant coating, according to few …” „… surface integrity were studied for gear applications. A deposition system with independent high-purity …” „… adhesion on carburized SAE 8620 steel samples, commonly used for gear applications, and also the influence …”

S. Sklenak, D. Mevissen, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher, B. Lenz, A. Mehner Analysis of Load Cycles and Local Wear of Dry and Solid-Lubricated Gears S. 727-740

„… lubricant as by a liquid lubricant. The state of research shows that the application behavior is not …” „… stationary in terms of the frictional force and test piece temperature. For the knowledge of the application …” „… , such as in aerospace applications, can lead to outgassing, so that the lubricant loses its …”

J. Sanchez-Espiga, A. Diez-Ibarbia, M. Iglesias, A. Fernandez-del-Rincon, F. Viadero, J. Calvo-Irisarri, A. Fernandez-Sison Statistical study of the mesh load factor of planetary gear transmissions affected by inherent manufacturing errors S. 139-156

„… manufacturing errors Application of the Method of Monte Carlo to the gear manufacturing process in planetary …” „… by the IEC 61400. The analysis of the error separately allows to interpret the effect that each have …” „… for industrial applications such as wind generators [1]–[3], automatic vehicles [4], [5], helicopter …”

I. Gonzalez-Perez, A. Fuentes-Aznar Improvement of the transmission efficiency in electric vehicles by using double staggered helical gears with shortened teeth S. 1083-1090

„… . A. Fuentes-Aznar, Rochester Institute of Technology, USA Abstract The application of double …” „… efficiency is based on the application of the finite element method through two algorithms for …” „… low-loss gear drives to show that the effect of low-loss geometry is very small in the overall frictional …”

F. Concli, M. N. Mastrone Latest advancements in the lubrication simulations of geared systems: a technology ready for industrial applications S. 499-518

„… industrial applicationsProf. F. Concli, M. N. Mastrone, Free University of Bolzano/Bozen, Bozen …” „… still play a determinant role in several applications ranging from the automotive, to the aeronautical …” „… application to real gearboxes is still hurting with the industrial practice. Moreover, new phenomena related …”

J. Lohmiller, F. Dobler, M. Wöppermann Investigating different nodular graphite irons for the application of gears – a step towards standardization by using reasonable quality criteria S. 1731-1748

„… Investigating different nodular graphite irons for the application of gears – a step towards …” „… mechanical behavior of cast iron materials used for gear applications and takes a step towards their …” „… toothed parts are a main field of application for ADI. However, a comprehensive understanding is still …”

B.-R. Höhn, Y. Zhang, M. Geitner, M. Otto Efficiency-improvement with low-loss-gears by two different application S. 13-18

„… all gear and transmission designers and is used for the 1st application. A very high gear ratio in a …” „… ) different gears is one of the main advantages of this applications. The disadvantages of such a transmission …” „… far, these transmission systems are only rarely produced and used in practical applications as the …”

S. Ebrahimi, U. Kissling, C. S. Matkovič Evaluation of the NVH Characteristics of Gear Drives with Plastic Gears by the Forced Response Analysis S. 1403-1418

„… investigate the effect of the gear material damping on the level of noise emitted directly from the housing …” „… system under some specific running conditions. With the viscous meshing damping, the effect of lubricant …” „… ), oil squeeze damping, and surrounding element contribution [1]. In many applications, a user-defined …”

E. Virtanen, M. Kanerva, G. Szanti Fatigue testing of large sized bevel gears S. 897-906

„… taken into account, due to the effects being small in the tesing application and due to the simplified …” „… . This raises concerns regarding the assumptions on effects of size and fatigue limit of material in the …” „… industry applications where pitch diameters are in the range 600 to 2000 mm and normal modules from 10 to …”

T. Schmidt, B. Neubauer, D. Merk White Etching Cracks (WECs) on gears of E-Axle applications S. 257-268

„… White Etching Cracks (WECs) on gears of E-Axle applications Premature tooth flank fatigue Dipl.-Ing …” „… . Since WECs in rolling bearing applications have become known, several research results have been …” „… published, explaining the detrimental effects of hydrogen on the microstructure. There are different …”

L. Bonaiti, M. Monti, C. Gorla, M. Geitner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl The consequences of different methodologies for the elaboration of pulsator test results with respect to the load spectrum assessment of gears S. 33-52

„… results must be further elaborated in order to take into account the effects of running gear operation and …” „… endurance limit based on typical scattering characteristics for case-hardened gears and the application of …” „… of the experimental SN curves. Then, the effect of these methodologies is discussed through a load …”

J. Gründer, A. Monz Analytical Method for Calculating the Nominal Tooth Root Stress in Worm Gear Shafts S. 1091-1110

„… projects [9 through 13] as side effect during other investigations. Photographs of the damages as …” „… of the used calculation method and specific for different applications. In ISO 6336-3 [17], the …” „… . The investigations were application-related and did not aim to develop a calculation method for the …”

M. Ruzek, R. Brun, F. Ville, P. Velex, Y. Marchesse On the reduction of windage power losses in gears by the modification of tooth geometry S. 785-800

„… losses. While load-dependent losses are generally dominant in standard applications, load independent …” „… ], particularly in aerospace applications. If there is a general agreement on the interest of enclosed gears …” „… effect of enclosures is only appreciable for very closely fitted flanges/shrouds. For instance, Hill …”

M. Fürst, S. Sepp, D. Schweigert, M. Otto, K. Stahl Experimental Investigation of Moving Contact Pattern in Helical Planetary Gearboxes S. 569-582

„… beneficial for a wide range of high-performance applications. Embedded in the efforts for resource efficiency …” „… conditions are not yet defined and their effect on a moving contact pattern therefore cannot be reliably …” „… applications. In general, a uniform load distribution in the tooth contacts and an equal load sharing between …”

A. Wallinger, R. Vonderschmidt, S. Vonderschmidt Lubricant Free Transmissions for the food industry – A Comparison S. 715-726

„… gear of a planetary gear. Magnetic transmissions can therefore be used in the same applications as …” „… with plastic gears can be designed without lubricants due to the self-lubricating effect of plastic …” „… is the continuous surface (see Fig. 4). In conventional industrial applications, the gear unit is …”

M. Rothemund, M. Otto, K. Stahl Applicability of classic analytical calculation approaches for the design of plastic gears S. 1483-1498

„… volume but mainly for applications under low load. Current trends are leading to the design and …” „… application of plastic gears for more demanding operating conditions. This requires finding the optimum …” „… macrogeometry for the application, which is determined in practice using iterative design processes. Numerical …”

J. Langhart, S. Ebrahimi, T. Kelichhaus A comparison of time and frequency domain approaches for NVH S. 583-598

„… transmissions are meanwhile state of the art and are requested for many applications. For the analysis of …” „… periodical vibrations such as gear whine noise, and the calculation of dynamic effects, two main approaches …” „… inertia and damping effects into account. Those forces are exported to a MBD software and are applied to a …”

Y. Koch, E. Kirchner, J. Hirschmann Measuring Instantaneous Angular Speed using a Gear Wheel as Material Measure to detect Pitting Damage during an Endurance Test S. 81-96

„… effects are sensor-specific and have to be taken into account when analysing the damage dependency. The …” „… highest risen sideband amplitude is the one of SB 4 for both sensors, which shows that this effect is …” „… caused by the meshing of the gears and is not a sensor effect of MR Z3 nor Acc HSS. The amplitude values …”

N. Fujimura Application-oriented research on internal generating polishing S. 1863-1876

„… specifications. To investigate the effect for industrial applications, detail surface roughness investigations by …” „… Application-oriented research on internal generating polishingM.Sc., P.E., Noritaka Fujimura …” „… Zielrauheit der Flankenoberfläche vorgeschlagen.Abstract The application of polishing process in gears has two …”

L. Becker, P. Tenberge Crossed helical gears – simulative studies and experimental results on non-involute geometries S. 1499-1514

„… design parameters and demonstrate the effects on operating behavior, with those a design recommendation …” „… are used as calculation examples. With regard to the use of these new geometries in applications …” „… depends on different effects, for example the normal pressure angle n. As a result of the ZC geometry …”

L. Klee, T. Bergs, M. Solf, J. Brimmers Binder Jetting in Gears – Process Design and Tooth Bending Strength for Gears made of 17-4PH S. 1665-1680

„… printing process of the green gear, the powder and binder application have been identified as the main …” „… influencing factors on the final print result. The most relevant variables for powder application are the …” „… layer thickness Ds as well as the application direction and speed vp as a function of the processed …”

O. Harris, C. Poyser, R. Patel, O. Shires Developing CAE solutions for Robotics gears: Cycloidal and Strain Wave Gear Drives S. 1111-1124

„… shaft and bearing models and allows the application of manufacturing and assembly errors such as is …” „… . Research is given later in this paper on the effects of and analysis methods relevant to including disc …” „… implemented on a simplified design where the shafts and bearings are made stiff to minimize bending effects …”

A. I. Aydeniz Modelling and Analysis of the Effect of Root Modification on Load Sharing and Stress Values on Spur Gears S. 1039-1062

„… Modelling and Analysis of the Effect of Root Modification on Load Sharing and Stress Values on Spur …” „… Abstract In this study, the effect of root relief modification on the dynamic behavior of the gear …” „… region of the gear profile, first the application limits were investigated and added to the model …”

B. Devaux, C. Hamon, S. Montani Evaluation of specialty polymer performances in gear applications and the bias between modeling and testing approaches S. 1515-1532

„… Evaluation of specialty polymer performances in gear applications and the bias between modeling and …” „… testing approachesB. Devaux, Solvay Material Science Application Center, Solvay Sa., Brussels, Belgium; C …” „… application to a 33% glass fiber reinforced Amodel PPA (Amodel PPA A-1133 HS) gear. First, the gear …”

C. Herzog, D. Drummer Influence of the injection molding process on the tooth deflection of plastic gears during operation S. 1435-1448

„… noise level. [5]Nevertheless, until now there are no experimental studies covering the effect of the …” „… contribution shows the effect of production process induced morphology and contourdeviations as well as the …” „… the most effect on the tooth deformation of the plastic gear. Nevertheless, the design of the …”

C. Kunik, J. Kunert Wetting and oil flow analysis of planetary gearboxes using oil flow simulations S. 467-484

„… , especially local oil levels and splashing effects, of a planetary test gear unit with results of the …” „… lubrication concept. The last investigation is the analysis of the pumping effect of the gearing into an oil …” „… SEWVDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023468leads to the application of CFD methods. In the past two decades, thanks to the …”

P. E. Schnetzer, J. Pellkofer, K. Stahl Calculation method for wear of steel-bronze rolling-sliding contacts relating to worm gears S. 907-926

„… application range compared to ZI gears. Nass [10] investigates the effects of bronze composition on the …” „… usually used in industrial applications with the material pairing of hard worm and softer worm wheel …” „… gear drives are a type of gearbox that are suitable for certain applications due to the possibility of …”

J. Hongu, S. Hattori, J. Kato, T. Koide Gear friction coefficient estimation using directional parameter under ATF lubricated condition S. 753-762

„… contact to elliptical contact. Moreover, several recent studies have considered the effects of surface …” „… nondirectional machining mark, such as a barreled gear, hardly affects it. Considering the effects of these …” „… average flow model for determining effects of three-dimensional roughness on partial hydrodynamic …”

G. Vasileiou, C. Vakouftsis, C. Kalligeros, V. Spitas, C. Papalexis, A. Tsolakis, P. Zalimidis Continuous prestressed reinforcement of plastic gear teeth and its effect on bending strength vs conventional reinforcement S. 1375-1388

„… Continuous prestressed reinforcement of plastic gear teeth and its effect on bending strength vs …” „… gears have emerged as a promising alternative to traditional metalicl gears in various applications due …” „… selection depends on specific application requirements including mechanical performance, cost considerations …”

K. Moser, S. Körber Advanced biopolymer compounds for technical applications S. 1297-1300

„… Advanced biopolymer compounds for technical applicationsStereocomplex PLA with enhanced heat …” „… low-performance applications. An important step towards using PLA for structural applications is to overcome its …” „… sc-PLA and lays the foundation for the application of PLA as an engineering plastic.VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422 …”

N. De Bie, W. Smet, T. Van Der Kamp Assessing gear mesh misalignment in a parallel gear set by transmission error measurements S. 291-300

„… the gearbox is operating and thus include dynamic effects like inertia and stiffness variations. Hence …” „… decrease the impact of the dynamic effects on the measuring results, the measurements are performed at …” „… Transmission error versus gear mesh misalignment – Case study 1 The first application example consists of a …”

L. Bonaiti, M. Brambilla, P. Chiariotti, A. Cigada, C. Gorla, G. Boni, P. Codeluppi The effect of pinion axial positioning on noise and transmission error of face hobbed and face milled bevel gears S. 839-852

„… The effect of pinion axial positioning on noise and transmission error of face hobbed and face …” „… effect of axial misalignment on the TE and noise of the two tested bevel gear configurations (face hobbed …” „… comes to e-drive – powered vehicles, where it is not possible anymore to rely on the masking effect …”

F. Reinle, D. Mangherini, A. Bongiovanni Enhancing gear performance through advanced mass finishing and DEM simulation S. 1777-1786

„… these effects can be achieved through the implementation of DEM simulation. Mass finishing using OTEC …” „… effective pumping effect in this context. With an outer diameter of 165 mm, this component is relatively …” „… large, deriving substantial benefits from the rotational effect. The high frictional energy generated …”

U. Cihak-Bayr, T. Wopelka, C. Wintersteiger Effect of LOL conditions under high velocity and high injection temperatures S. 763-778

„… Effect of LOL conditions under high velocity and high injection temperatures Characterization of …” „… one. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 20237643. Introduction Modern gear boxes in airplane applications are …” „… aerospace applications high rolling velocities, respectively entrainment velocities, occur combined with …”

D. Gallagher, E. Wiita, R. Weidig Improved Method for Validation of Root Stress in Polymer Gears S. 1333-1350

„… . Notable works on the effect of stress concentration at the root fillet were carried out by Dolan …” „… ) first appeared in the 1950s and became a cheap alternative to steel gears for non-critical applications …” „… more load-critical applications. This in turn has led to a need for polymer-specific calculation …”

M. Willecke, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Experimental Investigation of the load carrying capacity of beveloid gears with optimized flank topography S. 125-138

„… changes to the machine. However, a challenge in the application of beveloid gears with crossed axes is the …” „… Beveloid gears close the technical gap for a cost effective solution for applications in need of smaller …” „… beveloid gears in various applications. 4. State of the Art The chapter describes the state of the art …”

G. Devaraj Vibration reduction of planetary gear drive using mesh phasing: modelling and experimental validation S. 157-174

„… concept design several layouts are discussed for EDU application and from the tradeoff planetary has been …” „… gears with respect to the sun gear or ring gear. Several works have been published to study the effect …” „… performance (see section 3). In the following sections, an industrial application of an electric planetary …”

I. Criscuolo, F. Carneiro, G. Guimarães, R. Rego, J. Mascheroni Indirect Selective Laser Sintering: Modeling and analysis of surface densification by shot peening S. 1681-1698

„… automotive applications, into the density of iSLS processing with carburized steels densification achieved by …” „… ] showed that, in an iSLS application with 316L stainless steel alloy, the pores were characterized with an …” „… average diameter in the order of 35-160 µm, occupying 28-58% of the body volume. For the application of …”

B. Karba, N. Yildirim Backlash optimization via compatible gear couples on the assembly lines for planetary gearboxes S. 1147-1158

„… . Optimization methodology The actual value and effects of the backlash which is critical in the mesh condition …” „… time-varying backlash and constant backlash. The dynamic backlash (time-varying) occurs during meshing effects …” „… such as runout caused by eccentric, thermal effects, deflections, vibration. Whereas, the constant …”

M. Werner, S. Graf, M. Oehler, O. Koch Investigation of the electrical behavior of a spur gear stage pair by means of impedance measurements S. 67-80

„… primarily on the effects or prevention of parasitic currents on rolling bearings and further machine …” „… ) inclination (cf. Fig. 1 f) of the contact is significantly increased by the application of the electric field …” „… spur gear stage. 2. Electrical impedance model of tribological contact To check the effects of the …”

J. Lövenich, M. Zalfen, D. Mevissen, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Crack growth based tooth root life prediction model – an influence quantity analysis S. 109-124

„… turbo gearbox applications is the high number of load cycles reached by the gearbox components …” „… applications. To design gears for geared turbofans safely and weight-optimized, the tooth root load capacity in …” „… importance. An influence quantity analysis of the lifetime prediction model should reveal the effects. State …”

S. Birk, E. Stoppel, V. Labriola Influence of plastic-metal-pairings on the lifetime of gears S. 1535-1546

„… plastic gears in the application further investigations has to be done such as the detailed analysis of …” „… application (e.g. Electrical Power Steering worm wheel or balancer shaft) by IMS Gear. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422 …” „… / plastic gearbox via FEA simulation considering non-linear effects such as contact, material and …”

D. Park, A. Rezayat, Y. Gwon Design optimization of multi-stage gear trains with asymmetric teeth under a broad range of torques by incorporating multibody simulations S. 383-396

„… effects of strength together with other important performance criteria such as scuffing (flash temperature …” „… Builder is a vertical application for a commercially available multibody simulation software, Siemens …” „… stiffness coupling effects with neighboring teeth and slices across VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023384the tooth …”

B. Abert, D. Werner The Influence of Wheel Body Design on Airborne Noise S. 357-366

„… verified method that has been deemed sufficiently precise for tooth contact simulation in most applications …” „… effect of the combustion engine, and on the other hand, speeds have increased. This is mainly because …” „… effect is stronger for the variants with the lower web widths which is expected due to the lower …”

M. Geitner, S. Preintner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Simulation Study on the Tribological Characteristics in the Meshing Contact in the Context of the Load Carrying Capacity Calculation of Internal Gears with Unbalanced Sliding Conditions S. 429-450

„… gear units are frequently used in many practical applications, e.g. in wind energy and industrial …” „… transmission systems as well as in automotive applications such as automatic transmissions. As a result of the …” „… noted that such gear designs are already part of some practical applications. However, the existing …”

T. Kleiber, B. Neubauer Advancing to The Next Level – Cost Efficient Roll-Inspection: Back from End-of-Line NVH to Skiving Process S. 1591-1606

„… engine noise increased the necessity of high-quality gears. Restrictive design space, in all applications …” „… application, where only single flank contact happened and so transfer to EOL-NVH is proven. 3D gear …” „… and sections of study The lower area is dominated by effects which are mostly easy to identify in the …”

W. Smet Gear geometry, size and material influences not captured in ISO 6336 S. 1267-1272

„… surface-initiated failure modes). The application of ISO 6336-5 [5] has proven its value and has made it possible to …” „… effect). Life factor, YNT (for flanks) is influenced by material and heat treatment (see ISO 6336-5 [5 …” „… quality grades. The effects of these influences on surface durability and tooth bending strength are …”

J. König, M. Obermayr, T. Klein Digitalization of the Gear Development Process – Chances, Benefits and Risks S. 1017-1026

„… these resources and provide the required results requested by the user. - The Application Business Twin …” „… application usage provides investment security for all companies, from SMEs to large enterprises, and …” „… business models. Application providers will serve different customer requirements in a competition of the …”

S.-J. Tsai, Q.-Y. Zhuang, L.-C. Chang Design and analysis of compound stepped planetary gear drives for better transmission performances S. 537-552

„… application. Compared with the simple type, the compound stepped planetary gear (CSPG) set can have a higher …” „… speed ratio. Therefore, they are very suitable for applications where the size of gearboxes is limited …” „… coefficient method [9]. It will be further modified from simple planetary gear set to CSPG set. The effects of …”

J. D. M. Marafona, J. H. O. Seabra, P. M. T. Marques, R. C. Martins Effect of overlap ratio on gear dynamic behavior and noise level S. 1239-1256

„… Effect of overlap ratio on gear dynamic behavior and noise levelEng. J. D. M. Marafona, Prof. J. H …” „… work consists on a preliminary study, prior to experimental testing, on the effect of varying the …” „… roughness (flank) 2.5 KA/- application factor 1.25 Accuracy Grade/- - 6 VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 1241 …”

M. Gebhardt, A. Rhode, B. Legrady Lubrication improvement at the HS-IS spline shaft interface of a wind turbine gearbox using the smooth particle hydrodynamic method S. 519-536

„… as a specific application [13],[14],[15],[16],[17]. Traditionally lubrication analysis was conducted …” „… diameters increase. 3.2 Application of an Oil Retainer Ring To improve the situation, a ring was applied to …” „… spline shaft a bit higher than the roots of the teeth. The effect of that ring was an increase in the …”

M. Vivet, A. Rezayat, J. Verhoogen, K. Kucukcoskun, S. Donders Numerical analysis of bevel gear transmission acoustic emission using a 3D gear contact force model within a multibody system dynamics simulation environment S. 689-702

„… dynamically accounts for complex effects that influence the contact conditions, such as tooth surface …” „… effects: The deflection of a tooth segment when a force is applied (incl. local contact deflection …” „… between neighboring teeth due to a force on a given tooth, Structural effects due to blank design (thin …”

F. Mieth, D. Tazir Local load capacity analysis for the design of a balanced flank modification for cylindrical gears according to bevel gear procedures S. 927-944

„… necessary. The force factors are described in more detail in ISO 6336-1. They are the application factor KA …” „… minor effects. To consider the uncertainty of the influence of unevenly distributed contact pressure …” „… contact H0, the application factor KA, dynamic factor KV, the face load factor KH , and the transverse …”

L. Binanzer, L. Merkle, M. Dazer, A. Nicola Pitting Detection for Prognostics and Health Management in Gearbox Applications S. 97-108

„… Pitting Detection for Prognostics and Health Management in Gearbox Applications L. Binanzer, L …” „… . Abstract In critical industrial applications, gearboxes are already equipped with Condition Monitoring …” „… regarding damage detection in gearbox applications. To investigate the detection possibilities on the test …”

E. Grabovic, A. Artoni, M. Gabiccini, E. Ciulli Exploration of trade-offs between NVH and efficiency in bevel gear design S. 853-880

„… constraints are prescribed. Application to a test case involving the design of a spiral bevel gearset reveals …” „… applications owing to their capability to efficiently transmit high torque, operate smoothly, and offer high …” „… gears in high-end applications is confronted with some design challenges, such as minimization of …”

D. Meyering, C. Hussmann Smart Gearboxes for a Sustainable and Reliable Industry S. 645-658

„… cover many different harmful effects with a wide range of application factors. During the design process …” „… years. Within this paper, the analysis of some selected applications show how reliability can be …” „… limits a load-oriented and resource-optimized gearbox design for many applications. This leads to the …”

J. Zhang, B. Shaw, A. Hammer, I. Sewell Effects of Surface Engineering on the Efficiency of Involute Helical Gears – An Experimental Investigation S. 995-1016

„… Effects of Surface Engineering on the Efficiency of Involute Helical Gears – An Experimental …” „… efficiencies based on measured rig power loss. The effect of gear surface engineering on the efficiencies was …” „… gears is the focus of investigation. By experiment, K. Michaelis et al [1] studied the effects of …”

J. Woelling, F. Manis Recycling of carbon fiber reinforced plastics – State of the Art and Challenges S. 1287-1296

„… more markets and rapidly penetrate even high performance applications with carbon fibre reinforced …” „… improvements in production as a snowball effect also had an impact on lowering the overall cost of the material …” „… not a green material by definition. Especially in aerospace applications, where the utilization phase …”

B. Guilbert, D. Dureisseix, P. Velex Hybrid models for the simulation of displacements and stresses in lightweight gears S. 315-328

„… applications, i.e. high rotational speeds. A number of results are presented, which prove the validity of the …” „… . Sound Vib. 145(2): 239-260. DOI: 10.1016/0022-460X(91)90590-G. [4] Karhaman K. (1993) Effect of axial …” „… transmission by combining substructures and elastic foundations – application on thin-rimmed gears. ASME J …”

A. Hilligardt, V. Schulze Gear Skiving with Minimum Twist Errors S. 1749-1764

„… produced. In practical applications, the unintended profile angle changes over the tooth width resulting …” „… efficiency and material utilization. At the same time, the limited space available for mobile applications …” „… effect of the stair angle is small. This is therefore primarily used for symmetrical adjustment of the …”

S. Hendricks, M. Solf, J. Brimmers, T. Bergs Investigation of the machinability of different quenched and tempered steels for the alternative process chain of planetary pinions in wind turbine gearboxes S. 1713-1730

„… typically used for this application. During the trials, spindle currents and acceleration data were recorded …” „… , aerospace and industrial applications [1]. The ever-increasing demand for higher power densities in these …” „… applications VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 1713inevitably leads to the use of high-strength materials, which in …”

J.-A. Meis Parametric system simulation of load sharing in planetary gearboxes S. 269-280

„… give very unspecific advice how to choose the load sharing factor. Effects of the system stiffness or …” „… of necessary elements and facilitates the contact calculation and the application of the gearing …” „… bearing contact, it is clearly visible that the deformation of the planetary gear has a significant effect …”

N. Missal, S. Schwertel, M. Ludwig The next level of axial forming for a sustainable component and process chain design S. 1765-1776

„… effects can be partially or completely avoided. The axial forming process and the new associated machine …” „… application of an energy and material-efficient cold-forming process, compared to forging or machining …” „… application of axial forming with frequency modulation as an incremental process, high contact stresses and …”

P. Romio Spur Gear Teeth Reconstruction via Direct Laser Deposition S. 1641-1664

„… applications. Some of these failure modes are traditionally repairable, while others are known to be …” „… process proved to be applicable in several cases, from rails to gears. Nevertheless, concrete applications …” „… applications. Based on that perspective, this research aims to evaluate the DLD performance of an FZG gear …”

T. Tra My Truong, S. Schumann, B. Schlecht On the Testing of Flank Fracture Calculations Based on 3D-Gears S. 243-256

„… that failed due to TFF. Therefore the application BECAL (Bevel Gear Calculation) is used which is …” „… difference in 𝐴 while disregarding 𝜎 or taking it into account. The curves underline the effect of …” „… decrease of 𝐴 due to the relieving effect of compressive residual stresses, while in greater material …”

G. Guimarães, L. Robatto, R. Rego, A. Faria, A. Borille, J. Mascheroni Surface integrity of 20MnCr5 pinion gears manufactured through laser powder bed fusion S. 1845-1858

„… effects that can generate intricate surface integrity features on the printed part [4]. The main …” „… temperature distributions observed in welding application [6]. Besides its relevance, TGM is not the only …” „… made some important steps toward the application of L-PBF to gears. Kluge (2017), Kamps (2018) and …”

F. Eigner, S. Oberle, M. Berger A non-restrictive approach of gear geometry calculation for plastic gears S. 1469-1482

„… strongly varying distances to each other after conjugation, so that a secant effect occurs. The filtering …” „… purely geometrical point of view. Two effects support the production with a single-shell tool: 1 …” „… application the lower efficiency is more of an advantage, as it increases the resistance to backward driving …”

I. Atanasovska, D. Momcilovic Analysis of new tooth profile design based on the biomimetics principles S. 945-956

„… provides ability for investigation of application of new profile design on the additive manufactured gears …” „… engineering applications. Major assumption is that the stress analysis is an elastic one, and the FEA is …” „… steps for application of TCD are as follows: 1. Generating stress - distance diagram; 2. Calculating …”

M. Reichl, P. Lenz, A. Oliva Challenges and possibilities of virtual development of e-axle transmissions S. 485-498

„… are discussed in detail on a real life application.In the outlook, the performance potential of a …” „… to engineering applications. The SPH method is a meshless computational approach, which is based on …” „… calculate the particle acceleration caused by the pressure gradient. The effect of viscosity on particle …”

M. Brumm, D. Sari Complete machining of complex transmission parts S. 1581-1590

„… application? In many cases the different stakeholders see only the earnings and underestimate the risks. It …” „… down effect! Optimal roundness if input quality is given. Good dynamic behavior. High performance …” „… and the jaw compared to the collet chuck. In combination with the missing pulldown effect the dynamic …”

S. Sartori, L. Alari, N. Motta, D. Podda Helicopter Drive System Safety Dissertation S. 633-644

„… Elements (PSEs) should include, when applicable, the combined effect of RCF and other damage threats such …” „… were performed respectively to assess the effect of an artificially damage induced by electro discharge …” „… application (Fig. 6). Fig. 6: Planetary reduction stage with single row spherical bearing design In this …”

B.-S. Kim, D. Im, J.-H. Park, W.-J. Chung, Y.-J. Park Development of Optimal Design Program for Macro-Geometry of Planetary Gear Set using Multi-Objective Optimization Algorithm S. 1181-1194

„… well-suited for a wide range of applications, including automotive, aerospace, and industrial machinery …” „… specifications to align with the requirements of each unique application. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 1181Gear …” „… Association (AGMA). AGMA 925: Effect of Tribology and Lubrication on Gear Surface Distress. AGMA (2022 …”

L.-C. Chang, Q. Y. Zhuang, S.-J. Tsai, J.-F. Hochrein, S. Landler, M. Otto, K. Stahl Comparing the contact characteristics of involute gear/ eccentric cycloidal gear calculated by various loaded tooth contact analysis models S. 397-412

„… effect of edge contact, the gear flank is typically crowned in the lead direction. This modification …” „… crowning, the effect of face-end edge contact still persists, as shown in Fig.16. To further address this …” „… different conditions clearly demonstrate the subtle differences arising from the application of different …”

A. Beinstingel, F. Haringer, W. Sigmund, M. Heider, B. Pinnekamp, S. Marburg Investigation of Sound and Vibration Behavior of Cylindrical Gears S. 599-618

„… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023600gearbox for a certain purpose in a marine application. On top, the actual sound …” „… specified. Then, an application example in terms of a single-stage gearbox concept is presented for a ship …” „… application. Here, the dynamic behavior of the corresponding oil pressure in each bearing is described in …”

A. Drechsel, J. Pellkofer, K. Stahl Transferability of the scuffing load capacity of gear oils determined on spur gears to hypoid gears S. 881-896

„… possible to their application a new hypoid scuffing test was developed. However, since spur gear scuffing …” „… oils close to their application, the test methods should be resource-saving, require low amounts of …” „… , it can be seen that, when testing different lubricants, the test method can have a fundamental effect …”

T. Schmid-Schirling, N. Saum, C. Eberz de Oliveira Löhrer Marker-Free, Single Item Traceability in Gear Wheel Production Based on Inherent Surface Patterns S. 1877-XXIX

„… eine Wärmebehandlung und einen Gleitschleifprozess. Abstract In this work the application of Track …” „… %after -> after hardening 100%before after hardening 100%Micro gear wheel for dental application Figure …” „… identification. Therefore, advanced image processing must be applied to compensate for this effect. Fig. 5 …”

C. Kirchhoff, P. Tenberge Optimization of the vibrational behavior of ZI crossed helical gears with a plastic wheel and a steel worm S. 1419-1434

„… analyze the effects of gear parameter adjustments. [1] VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 14191 …” „… analyze the effect of gear parameter adjustments regarding vibrational behavior. The common approach to …” „… . Toothing variant 1 shows the same positive effects as toothing variant 2 regarding the toothing stiffness …”

A. Wedmann, M. Stein, K. Kniel Large gear metrology at PTB S. 1803-1820

„… deviations from the reference temperature of 20 °C or the effects of an inhomogeneous temperature …” „… supports are identical during calibration and the subsequent application. This creates comparable …” „… keep the measurement times as short as possible and thus avoid possible drift effects. Optical sensors …”

C. Westphal, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Influence of Axis Misalignments in Stepped Planetary Gear Stages on the Excitation Behavior – Test Rig Development and Simulative Analysis S. 175-190

„… manufacturing or assembly deviations. However, the effects of dynamic misalignment behavior on tooth contacts in …” „… overdetermination, in conjunction with manufacturing deviations, has the effect of uneven load sharing between the …” „… rigid bodies to specify the gear geometry. The force application from the tooth contacts into the …”

L. Amar Review of the definition of the loads for spur and helical gears in standards and handbooks S. 301-314

„… – The design, manufacture, and application of gears" by Dennis P. Townsend (American) [18] Results …” „… , Helical and Herringbone Gear Teeth [13] AGMA 925-A03 Information Sheet - Effect of Lubrication on Gear …” „… . doi: 10.3139/9781569904909.006. [18] Dudley’s gear handbook – The design, manufacture, and application …”

L. Braumann, H. Amri, V. S. Viteri, J. Ochoa LUBGEAR – Experimental Campaign for Aviation Gears in Loss-of- Lubrication S. 1063-1070

„… , that are more specific to the final application but come at a higher cost. [6] LOL-testing generally …” „… approach tests only part of the total possible combinations to identify the main factor effects and main …”

M. J. Herberger, F. Rudolph, B. Sievers Efficient concepts for high ratio angular gearboxes S. 801-814

„… individual application requirements. The simplest approach with respect to acquisition costs and gearbox size …” „… has no effect on the contact pattern, so that there is no need to prevent this axial movement by a …” „… overall gearbox efficiency is normally better at higher operating grades. Depending on the ap-plication …”

S. Chen, C. Liu, D. Qin Forward Performance-driven Design of Gear Parameters S. 211-226

„… ] studied the effect of gear parameters on the thermal loss of gearboxes, and optimized the gear parameters …” „… , compared to symmetric gears. Senthil et al. [6] studied the effect of gear parameters on bending stress in …” „… and Application Development of Chongqing (grant no. CSTB2022TIAD-KPX0043), General Project of …”

K. Lübke, K. Stein Quality inspection of special geometries measured with computed tomography – Evaluation of involute cylindrical gears according to ISO 1328-1 S. 1787-1802

„… additional components, there are several challenges:  non-continuous shrinking effects  individual gear …” „… Chiffre, L., Carmignato, S., Kruth, J.-P., Schmitt, R., Weckenmann, A.: Industrial applications of …” „… computed tomography for engineering applications. tm - Technisches Messen, vol. 88, no. 4, 2021, pp …”

A. F. İnceel, B. Özkan, B. Karba, M. Vardar A study on the efficiency prediction of a gear bearing drive by means of mathematical modelling S. 1135-1146

„… other power losses that do not have a great effect on the efficiency result in the reference book [3 …” „… This research contents are related to GBD type gearbox critical application in the sector. At the end …”

B. Černe, N. Vukašinović, D. Zorko In-situ experimental methods for measuring tooth meshing displacements and wear during polymer gear tests using a high-speed camera with microscopy optics S. 1563-1580

„… .2015.08.040. [5] B. Sarita, S. Senthilvelan, Effects of lubricant on the surface durability of an injection …” „… effect of injection molding lunker defect on the durability performance of polymer gears, International …” „… application on high-speed deformation measurement in shear cutting, in: Conference: International Conference …”

M. M. Klein Holistic Sustainability-Assessment of Gearboxes S. 815-828

„… climate change due to the anthropogenic greenhouse effect are meanwhile obvious in our everyday life …” „… sustainability-assessment of a 2-stage automotive gearbox To show the application of a lifecycle assessment an exemplary 2 …”

W. Ramdane, C. Changenet, S. S. Ouali, C. Chevrel-Fraux, P. Casanova Thermal model of a planetary gear set using an isothermal approach S. 451-466

„… of centrifugal effects over gravity forces. The aim of the present paper is to use Boni’s approach on …” „… applications to planetary gears. Proceedings of the institution of mechanical engineers, Part J: Journal of …”

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