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VDI Wissensforum GmbH - International Conference on Gears 2023

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

International Conference on Gears 2023

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2422 2023

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T. Schmid-Schirling, N. Saum, C. Eberz de Oliveira Löhrer Marker-Free, Single Item Traceability in Gear Wheel Production Based on Inherent Surface Patterns S. 1877-0

„… identification can be applied to gear wheel manufacturing for the digitization of production.Acknowledgement This …” „… Marker-Free, Single Item Traceability in Gear Wheel Production Based on Inherent Surface …” „… PatternsClose-to-Production Investigations on Two Different Types of Gear WheelsDr. Tobias Schmid-Schirling, Norbert Saum …”

N. Missal, S. Schwertel, M. Ludwig The next level of axial forming for a sustainable component and process chain design S. 1765-1776

„… advantages concerning the sustainability of the automotive industry in series production. VDI-Berichte Nr …” „… industrialized and emerging countries. Traffic- and production-related emissions of CO2, air pollutants, and …” „… environmental protection targets can only be achieved if road traffic and the automotive industry also make a …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… x 210 mmGear Production 2023 Innovations in gear productionComplete machining of complex …” „… Software in gear productionBuilding a software toolchain for automated mass-customization of specific …” „… , Brazil;J. Mascheroni, Alkimat, São José, SC, Brazil Materials in gear productionEstimation of brittleness …”

T. Kleiber, B. Neubauer Advancing to The Next Level – Cost Efficient Roll-Inspection: Back from End-of-Line NVH to Skiving Process S. 1591-1606

„… production. 1. The Challenge of Gear Production / Inspection in Mass ProductionThe loss of masking combustion …” „… marginally loaded gears releasing a characterized footprint. Like decoding the production-DNA, the metaphoric …” „… Technologies AG & Co. KG, Herzogenaurach, Germany AbstractIn recent years, the automotive industry has seen an …”

I. Criscuolo, F. Carneiro, G. Guimarães, R. Rego, J. Mascheroni Indirect Selective Laser Sintering: Modeling and analysis of surface densification by shot peening S. 1681-1698

„… solutions in mass production mainly due to the speed of printing, when compared to direct additive …” „… automotive applications, into the density of iSLS processing with carburized steels densification achieved by …” „… shot peening. 1. Introduction Transformations in the automotive sector have intensified the segment of …”

M. M. Klein Holistic Sustainability-Assessment of Gearboxes S. 815-828

„… and emissions during production. In the distribution phase decisions on logistic aspects are made and …” „… impact on protected species should be included as well. Social requirements could refer to production …” „… internal and external costs. Internal costs include costs for material, production and administrative costs …”

S. Moschkau, S. Held Optimization of product quality and manufacturing processes in real-time with vibration analysis S. 1821-1828

„… flanks at an early stage to avoid high reworking costs. Real-time monitoring of the production process …” „… monitoring of product quality and production processes and presents a software tool as a proposed solution …” „… influences in the production hall. However, manufacturing defects can occur long before precision machining …”

A. Hilligardt, V. Schulze Gear Skiving with Minimum Twist Errors S. 1749-1764

„… SkivingAndreas Hilligardt, Prof. Dr.-Ing. habil. Volker Schulze, wbk Institute of Production Science, Karlsruhe …” „… established itself as a highly productive gear cutting process for the production of internal gears and gears …” „… in the production of internal gears. For example, main times of only 10 seconds can be achieved for …”

H. Mahe Model based NVH design: e-bike application S. 1229-1238

„… way to be implemented in serial production so as to propose a satisfying noise level for the final …” „… a time domain tool widespread in the automotive industry: VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 1231Fig. 3 …” „… the modifications described above in mass production. Additional evolutions are under investigations …”

N. Fujimura Application-oriented research on internal generating polishing S. 1863-1876

„… Tools and Production Engineering (WZL), RWTH Aachen University, GermanyZusammenfassung Das Polieren von …” „… are used frequently in mass production, due to their high productivity combined with high quality …” „… requirements of mass production. This high productivity is achieved by a unique grinding wheel design matched …”

G. Guimarães, L. Robatto, R. Rego, A. Faria, A. Borille, J. Mascheroni Surface integrity of 20MnCr5 pinion gears manufactured through laser powder bed fusion S. 1845-1858

„… challenges as the automotive market shifts towards autonomous, shared, and electric vehicles [1]. In this …” „… scenario of electrification, the automotive sector's need for lightweight and low-noise mechanical …” „… the end of the production line, it is necessary not only to gain a deeper understanding of the L-PBF …”

N. De Bie, W. Smet, T. Van Der Kamp Assessing gear mesh misalignment in a parallel gear set by transmission error measurements S. 291-300

„… could explain the observed offset in load pattern, were found in production or assembly processes. After …” „… automotive transmissons“. Gear Technology - August 2015, pp. 66-70 [3] Sweeney, P.J. and Randall, R.B., “Gear …”

L. Klee, T. Bergs, M. Solf, J. Brimmers Binder Jetting in Gears – Process Design and Tooth Bending Strength for Gears made of 17-4PH S. 1665-1680

„… Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL), Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering …” „… netshape production, powder metallurgically manufactured (PM) gears have a high potential to increase cost …” „… batch sizes in series production. For small batches, AM offers an approach to manufacture gears that …”

S. Hendricks, M. Solf, J. Brimmers, T. Bergs Investigation of the machinability of different quenched and tempered steels for the alternative process chain of planetary pinions in wind turbine gearboxes S. 1713-1730

„… , Dr.-Ing. Jens Brimmers, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Bergs, Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production …” „… hardness, the quenched and tempered steels used represent a challenge for the production technologies.Gear …” „… manufacturing technologies for manufacturing spur and helical gears and is widely used in wind power, automotive …”

K. Lübke, K. Stein Quality inspection of special geometries measured with computed tomography – Evaluation of involute cylindrical gears according to ISO 1328-1 S. 1787-1802

„…  styli with small probing spheres are not suitable for mass production One solution for the quality …” „… molding and gear technology. Main customers are in automotive and medical sector. Reliability and high …” „… in the production of plastic gears the future of gear measurements could be three-dimensional …”

C. Herzog, D. Drummer Influence of the injection molding process on the tooth deflection of plastic gears during operation S. 1435-1448

„… , they are widely used in power transmission systems in various industrial sectors such as automotive …” „… , medical engineering and electronics. [1] Advantages are for example the economic production by injection …” „… contribution shows the effect of production process induced morphology and contourdeviations as well as the …”

C. Westphal, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Influence of Axis Misalignments in Stepped Planetary Gear Stages on the Excitation Behavior – Test Rig Development and Simulative Analysis S. 175-190

„… . Dr.-Ing. Christian Brecher, Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering WZL, Gear Department …” „… , RWTH Aachen University, Germany Abstract One challenge in the design of automotive gearboxes is the …” „… gearboxes, particularly in the field of automotive engineering, result in rising requirements with regard to …”

P. Fischmann, A. Hilligardt, V. Schulze Tooth Root Burnishing in the Kinematics of Gear Skiving S. 1829-1844

„… concept P. Fischmann, A. Hilligardt, V. Schulze, wbk Institute of Production Science, Karlsruhe Institute …” „… Gear skiving has become one of the most widely used manufacturing processes for gear production in the …” „… same time keeping production costs low. Gear skiving is a process with crossed axis where tool and …”

D. Park, A. Rezayat, Y. Gwon Design optimization of multi-stage gear trains with asymmetric teeth under a broad range of torques by incorporating multibody simulations S. 383-396

„… achieve less-noise gear train production is becoming more stringent. To minimize the gear vibrations, most …” „… optimization process for an automotive industry application. Also, the results showed that the obtained design …”

L. Becker, P. Tenberge Crossed helical gears – simulative studies and experimental results on non-involute geometries S. 1499-1514

„… so-called three-roll size for the production control of worms. Such a calculation method for general flank …” „… carried out on crossed helical gear test rigs at the Chair of Industrial and Automotive Drivetrains at the …” „… geometry-independent manufacturing parameters enable production and control of geometries that result in long-lasting …”

A. Beinstingel, F. Haringer, W. Sigmund, M. Heider, B. Pinnekamp, S. Marburg Investigation of Sound and Vibration Behavior of Cylindrical Gears S. 599-618

„… required for optimization purposes. A suitable calculation strategy highly supports production development …” „… properties in a positive way. Especially when the production and optimization of a prototype is not a …” „… global iteration process. 3. Description of considered gear design conceptsComparable to the automotive …”

G. Vasileiou, C. Vakouftsis, C. Kalligeros, V. Spitas, C. Papalexis, A. Tsolakis, P. Zalimidis Continuous prestressed reinforcement of plastic gear teeth and its effect on bending strength vs conventional reinforcement S. 1375-1388

„… breakage. The pin diameter is also critical for the application of the proposed method in mass production …” „… , V. (2019). Improving strength for automotive plastic gears through directional fibre reinforcement …”

M. Willecke, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Experimental Investigation of the load carrying capacity of beveloid gears with optimized flank topography S. 125-138

„… surrogate models, a beveloid gear set from an automotive application was selected. This particular beveloid …” „… International Conference on Gear Production 2019: Garching/Munich, Germany, September 18-20, 2019, VDI …”

D. Gallagher, E. Wiita, R. Weidig Improved Method for Validation of Root Stress in Polymer Gears S. 1333-1350

„… . Polymer gears are typically characterised by low production cost, light weight and quiet operation; but …” „… strength parameters on gears. VDI. January 2016 [18] Society of Automotive Engineers. SAE J1619:2017 …”

M. Rothemund, M. Otto, K. Stahl Applicability of classic analytical calculation approaches for the design of plastic gears S. 1483-1498

„… of applications. Among the classic fields of application are household appliances, production plants …” „… , and actuators in the automotive sector, where plastic gears offer advantages over steel gears due to …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024225

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Automation 2017

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2293 2017

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B. Ashtari, W. Schlögl, M. Weyrich Talkhestani, Synchronisierung von digitalen Modellen mit realen Fertigungszellen auf Basis einer Ankerpunktmethode am Beispiel der Automobilindustrie S. 29-30

„… Ankerpunktmethode am Beispiel der Automobilindustrie Synchronization of Digital Models with Real Production Cells …” „… Based on an Anchor-Point-Method using Automotive Industry as an Example Behrang Ashtari Talkhestani …” „… the production systems is often longer than the life cycle of the products, which are produced on …”

M. Zürn, M. Reichenbach, T. Reichling, J. Hodapp, U. Berger Smarte Produktionsassistenten für die wandlungsfähige Produktion – Neue Fertigungskonzepte im Zeitalter der digitalen Transformation S. 115-116

„… Zeitalter der digitalen Transformation Smart manufacturing assistants for the versatile production New …” „… Mensch-Roboter-Kooperation als Schlüsseltechnologie in industriellen Anwendungen zu realisieren. Abstract Today’s automotive …” „… manufac-turing systems a part of the strategic success factors of the automotive industry. This article …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181022931

VDI Wissensform GmbH - Drivetrain Solutions for Commercial Vehicles

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VDI Wissensform GmbH (ed.)

Drivetrain Solutions for Commercial Vehicles

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2421 2023

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H. Heimes, A. Kampker, M. Kehrer, S. Hagedorn, P. Euchner Packaging concepts for fuel cell commercial vehicles – From practical to application-oriented designs S. 13-28

„… M.Sc., Chair of Production Engineering of E-Mobility Components (PEM) of RWTH Aachen Zusammenfassung …” „… development work and production processes from conventional vehicle platforms. With the steady establishment …” „… new vehicle platforms and, related to this, entirely new production lines are being developed. This …”

G. Wiche Voith Central Drive Concept for HD Trucks S. 181-190

„… Anforderungen der ISO 21434 Automotive Cyber Security sowie des ISO 26262 Functional Safety Standards mit ASIL-C …” „… smart actuator and on-demand lubrication, 2) a highspeed electric PM-motor, 3) a new automotive …” „… ISO 21434 Automotive Cyber Security as well as the ISO 26262 Functional Safety Stand-ard with ASIL-C …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… . Kampker, M. Kehrer, S. Hagedorn, P. Euchner, Chair of Production Engineering of E-Mobility Components …” „… . Rozum, R. Uerlich, G. Witham, L. Eckstein, Institute for Automotive Engineering (ika) of RWTH Aachen …”

M. Eisele, M. Kohler Modular Electric Driveline Platform for Commercial Vehicles – Central Drives and Electric Axles Built up From Standardized and Scalable Components S. 37-46

„… production. Besides the mechanical and electric hardware, the software will be also a key player for this …” „… with all cyber security requirements as well as highest functional safety requirements for automotive …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024218

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2019

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Dritev – Drivetrain For Vehicles 2019

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2354 2019

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M. Özbek, J. Trommer, K. Akiyama, Y. Yamada Nidec next generation electric traction motor

„… . There over, the high mass production rates in automotive requires it to be produced with highest …” „… density thanks to a novel automated production technique by inserting round wire slits radially into the …” „… throughout the world. In 1993, the company branched off into the automotive motor market which now …”

A. Gehring, M. Beringer, M. Özdemir Overview of stator technologies motors for electro mobility in passcars – The right technology for each application

„… has brought some major technology milestone both in design and production technology. Further on the …” „… decades. The automotive industry with its extensive requirements like: - Temperature - Vibration …” „… regarding production costs. Therefore the focus on the following pages lays on the stator technologies …”

S. Johnsen, R. Wexenberger Mechatronic transmission control module for agile AMT Transmission actuation in commercial vehicles

„… , Kongsberg Automotive is a professional development and series production partner for powertrain actuation …” „… performed by Kongsberg Automotive and the Eaton Cummins JV as a co-development. The development process was …” „… , Kongsberg Automotive, Kongsberg, Norway; Dipl.-Ing. (FH) Robert Wexenberger, Powertrain and Chassis …”

A. Grunwald Transmission system footprint related to fatigue, efficiency and NVH

„… electric transmission systems for automotive since more than 15 years. More than 750.000 hybrid and …” „… e-drive vehicles with transmissions from GKN are on roads in Europe, Asia and America. The automotive …” „… world's leading automotive systems suppliers. Our vision is to be the number one supplier of driveline …”

V. Schroiff A modular Concept for EMI shielding of thermoplastic housings for E-Cars – An innovative approach to support weight saving and function integration

„… automotive industry towards electromobility, it is no longer only necessary to seal systems against leakage …” „… results. Based on the measurement results a production concept was developed for the serial application …” „… lightweight properties of aluminum and the relatively high production costs of components made of die-cast …”

S. Foulard, S. Rinderknecht, F. Braun, P. Jardin ecoLIFE3: An approach for a resource-efficient dimensioning of vehicle components based on a holistic optimization with real life load data –paradigm shift in transmission engineering based on big dat...

„… for an overall efficient right-sizing and lightweight design process in automotive engineering …” „… . Motivation For the dimensioning and the market release of automotive components, a conservative approach is …” „… monitoring system is to turn every single series-production car into a development car, meaning generating …”

B. Müller, C. Angrick, M. Fritz New concepts for electrical drive trains for high power density

„… , Dr. Martin Fritz, Schaeffler Automotive GmbH, Bühl Zusammenfassung Die Elektrifizierung von …” „… platform approach comprising all system components of the electrified automotive powertrain ranging from …” „… heating Minimal cogging and ripple torques Very flexible and scalable production technologies to …”

A. Locher, M. Ebenhoch, P. Gutmann Innovative 8HP modular design kit for conventional, MHEV and PHEV transmissions

„… be countered with appropriate flexibility in the product portfolio of automotive manufacturers and …” „… high volume production, even greater challenges in development and production have to currently be …” „… production and offers further potential as well as new concept approaches for innovatively enhanced …”

A. Lampe, R. Serway, L. Große Siestrup, C. Gühmann Artificial intelligence in transmission control – Clutch engagement with reinforcement learning

„… Lernens, in den Kontext der Anwendung im Bereich von Automotive Embedded Systemen gestellt und diskutiert …” „… context of its use in automotive embedded systems, looking among others at the applicability of the method …” „… quality of automotive applications. In particular, embedded automotive applications can benefit from …”

A. Kinigadner, T. Biermann Schaeffler eAxle family – future solutions for the electric drivetrain

„… concepts have been derived and developed up to volume production during the last few years. With the …” „… core. Hairpin or I pin technology is suitable for the production of such windings. Further improvements …” „… Offset Arrangements. 16th International CTI Symposium Automotive Transmissions, Berlin, 2017 [4 …”

C. Leonhardt, M. Otto, K. Stahl Potential of lightweight construction and component properties of joined spur gears

„… automotive industry. In this paper the approach of a multi-component gear design with high-strength gear rim …” „… automotive industry is looking for possibilities to reduce the vehicle weight. Efforts to increase comfort …” „… production. Besides the advantages of the multi-component concept there are some drawbacks arising from …”

M. Stulrajter, M. Pacha Challenges of sensorless high-speed drives with PM motors

„… mode. The most common PM machines in the automotive area are permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM …” „… industrial motor control applications. Industries like automotive, aerospace, or medical with applications …” „… which go against the high efficiency requirement in automotive. Further, the field-oriented control and …”

K. Baron, C. Rübsam, M. Werra, F. Küçükay Hybridized manual transmission – Opportunities and challenges of mild hybridization

„… , Institute of Automotive Engineering, Technical University Braunschweig 1. Kurzfassung Die …” „… darstellt. 2. Abstract Today’s automotive industry is under transformation. This transformation is …” „… conventional version. 3. Introduction In cooperation with the Institute of Automotive Engineering of the …”

C. Dassler, M. Kurch, M. Nichols NVH-challenges and solution approaches in electric drive development from the supplier‘s view

„… , um zukünftige Herausforderungen der Elektromobilität zu meistern. Abstract The automotive …” „… common approach in the automotive industry. Furthermore, new expectations for acoustic feedback might …” „… customer needs. All layouts are already available in mass production, former one even as a 2speed variant …”

A. Alkan Human/machine readable language representation method in HEV drivetrain testing

„… safety of electrical and/or electronic systems in production automobiles, which implies three different …” „… ]:https://www.continental-automotive.com/en-gl/Passenger-Cars/Drivetrain/Electrification/Hybrid-Electric-Vehicles/Axle-Drive [2 …” „… ]:https://www.continental-automotive.com/en-gl/Passenger-Cars/Drivetrain/Electrification/Hybrid-Electric-Vehicles/Power-Electronics [3]:https://www.continental-automotive.com/en-gl/Passenger-Cars/Drivetrain/Electrification/48 …”

A. Moser, F. Brezger Efficiency improvements in transmissions using new latching technologies in clutch & hydraulic actuation systems

„… improvements in modern drive trains. Introduction The current situation of the automotive industries demands …” „… providing functions in series production safely rises. By taking the electrification into account the …” „… function and production reasons. Excluding the variant with release bearings, all losses during steady …”

P. Lück, K. Bennewitz, J. Tousen Volkswagen’s electric drivetrains of the new modular e-drive kit (MEB)

„… end of 2022, production of 27 MEB vehicles for Group brands will start worldwide. The Group is …” „… modifications. Moreover, the fully automated production of the power inverter ensures structural and functional …” „… quality even in mass production. Importing and processing the sensor data for regulating the current …”

S. Kurokawa, M. Kunihisa, Y. Oyama Development of a new next-generation CVT for small cars

„… developed and put into production specifically for 100-Nmclass minivehicles. This paper describes this new …” „… that help to support the Japanese automotive industry. Mini-vehicles are not expected to undergo rapid …” „… set at 147 mm, the same as that of the JF015E, so as to facilitate mixed production of both units on …”

P. Fietkau, N. Lamparsky, M. Felbermaier, A. Fröhlcke, T. Conze Holistic design approach for electric drives

„… zum Start of Production (SOP) in der virtuellen Welt abgebildet. Abstract This paper describes …” „… development process is mapped virtually, from the concept phase to the Start of Production (SOP). 1 …” „… such as thickness, bonding, production process, etc. which is why they have been validated in …”

A. Esser, J.-E. Schleiffer, T. Eichenlaub, S. Rinderknecht Development of an optimization framework for the comparative evaluation of the ecoimpact of powertrain concepts

„… emissions over the entire life cycle of a vehicle must be estimated. The vehicle production, its operation …” „… life cycle. The production phase, in particular, is strongly influenced by the dimensioning of the …” „… production of the vehicles are shown in Fig. 7 for an exemplary scenario. In this contribution, three …”

K. von Rueden, C. Danzer, J. Liebold, T. Mueller, T. Hirschbeck 1, 2 or 3 – how much it would be? Evaluating the need of multispeed electric drives coming from different perspectives

„… , modularity and production costs. In this context, the powertrain plays a crucial role. Fundamental decisions …” „… hardly justifies the additional expenditure for development, production and application of the more …” „… Motor Symposium, 2018 [Xu18] Xu, X.; Dong, P.; Liu, L.; Zhang, H.: Progress in Automotive Transmission …”

U. Stockinger, H. Pflaum, K. Stahl Single vs. multi-cone synchronizers with carbon friction lining – A comparison of load limits and deterioration behavior

„… performance tests were conducted with a manual transmission fluid MTF-Car from series production (kinematic …” „… on the tribological performance of automotive synchronisers. In: Tribological Research and Design for …”

C. Möser, T. Märkle, K. Hornung Effective acoustic development of electrified powertrains – Combination of simulation and evaluation methods

„… production maturity. In this, the focus is consciously placed on the early phase of the development process …” „… transformation of products and processes in the automotive industry, demonstrated by a concrete use case in …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023549

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - PIAE EUROPE 2021

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

PIAE EUROPE 2021

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2385 2021

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A. Keränen, T. Wuori, J. Asikkala, E. Garcia Biosca, A. Benndorf Polypropylene films and injection-molding resins for In-Mold Structural Electronics (IMSE®) S. 213-224

„… multiple products for the automotive sector, including fuels, lubricants, and different polymeric …” „… exterior vehicle parts. Polyolefins are the most widely used polymers in the automotive sector due to …” „… automotive industry at its industrial complex in Tarragona. Highly specialized polypropylene polymers are …”

T. Köppl, F. Dresel, N. Grohnmeier Breakthrough in producing soft and sustainable interior surfaces by injection moulding of TPE S. 49-60

„… parts. Therefore they are an interesting alternative to existing production methods like PU coating …” „… in production, decrease part weight and reduce emissions. Additionally, parts made from TPE can be …” „… production trial, 1.1 mm thin skins for the soft surface of a complete instrument panel were moulded and …”

M. Hetterich, M. Michl Lightweight TPE for weight-reduced automotive applications – Be Smart – Make it lightweight S. 225-234

„… Lightweight TPE for weight-reduced automotive applications BE SMART – MAKE IT LIGHTWEIGHT …” „… Especially in the automotive sector, weight savings lead to a multitude of benefits, which is why KRAIBURG …” „… can be fed back into the production process and are therefore suitable for in-process recycling …”

J. Horn, S. Pirl, M. Gehringer, F. Förster Interior parts with a focus on climate – A pleasant feel thanks to thermoplastic foam S. 129-144

„… production of foamed visible components in the automotive interior that have a pleasant feel. In addition …” „… , Burgbernheim Abstract Soft surfaces for trim parts in automotive interiors have long been standard in …” „… effort and costs in production and in recycling. The approach of development work here was to reduce …”

R. Holschuh, T. Bayerl Shaping the future of electromobility with holistic plastic solutions S. 185-198

„… , Dr.-Ing. Thomas Bayerl, BASF SE, Ludwigshafen Abstract The change in automotive culture is in …” „… , assemblies that were initially presented and successfully brought into series production will have to prove …” „… high-volume production without plastic. One only has to think of connectors and cable sheathing. However …”

P. Helmke, B. Pfeiffer Lightweight plastic construction with visible surface as examplified by the Volkswagen ID.3 tailgate S. 29-38

„… injection-molding compound. The next leap in innovation in the field of long-fiber reinforcement is the production …” „… to be added later. This makes possible the production of visible parts with exceptionally good …” „… technology in production. An important task in development was to mutually balance the material and the …”

H. Lehmann Sorting technologies: the key to quality products in a circular economy S. 161-172

„… design to materials, the production of a product, its entire service life and up to the end of its …” „… are correspondingly produced. Europe, with its low production of around two million barrels per day …” „… importation of petrochemical products. At the same time, it can be assumed that plastics production worldwide …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis

„… : future requirements l Plastics as enablers for mobility concepts l Production processes and quality …” „… weight-reduced automotive applications – Be Smart – Make it lightweight …”

Daniel Kugele, Sebastan Mönnich, Cigdem Belgeli Development and validation of a simulation methodology for the prediction of surface defects for plastic components with metallic effect pigments S. 89-100

„… metallic effect pigments which establishes itself during the production process, optical defects can arise …” „… problem presentation In automotive engineering, various surface-finishing processes (electroplating …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023853

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