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VDI Wissensforum GmbH - Technische Zuverlässigkeit 2023

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Technische Zuverlässigkeit 2023

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2409 2023

Results in this title

S. Kupjetz, W. Zenn, S. Röding Vorstellung eines Kausalmodells relevanter Fehlerbilder zur Entwicklung wissensbasierter KI-Modelle am Beispiel von Werkzeugmaschinen S. 219-230

„… derive a failure probability. One way to counteract this problem was to use data from similar machines …” „… . These characteristics can be accessed using sensor data that is either already provided by machine …” „… automatically with the collected service data and be adapted to different application scenarios and machine …”

S. Hagmeyer, P. Zeiler Verwendung von Kenntnissen über den Degradationsprozess beim Training eines künstlichen neuronalen Netzes zur Steigerung der Vorhersagegenauigkeit einer Prognose der verbleibenden nutzbaren Lebensdau... S. 203-218

„… [8], [9], Physics Guided Machine Learning [10] und Theory-Guided Data Science [11] für das …” „… und C. K. Sahu, „Driven by Data or Derived Through Physics? A Review of Hybrid Physics Guided Machine …” „… data-driven, model-based, and hybrid methods. The present work addresses hybrid methods, which reduce the …”

O. Gnepper, O. Enge-Rosenblatt Breitband-Monitoring für die Schadensidentifikation von Axialkolbenpumpen S. 231-242

„… data set with three different types of damage with up to four damage levels and 96 operating conditions …” „… positions each. Using data from a previously separated operating range of the pump, it is shown that the …” „… verwendeten Machine-Learning-Modells sowie das Vorgehen zur Evaluation des Modells beschrieben. Im Anschluss …”

S. Wenzel, E. Slomski-Vetter, Tobias Melz Zuverlässigkeitsoptimierung in der additiven Fertigung durch physical informed neural networks (PINN) – Effektive Optimierung der Druckparameter für eine hohe Bauteilqualität S. 283-298

„… during the training of the neural networks is used to generate synthetic data from the pre-training …” „… . Trained neural networks are trained with random data to find similar relationships. Through unsupervised …” „… learning, the synthetic data is compressed, and the system behavior of 3D printers can be quantified with …”

F. Mauthe, M. Braig, P. Zeiler Evaluierung der Güte von datengetriebenen Methoden zur Lebensdauerprognose technischer Systeme unter Berücksichtigung von Zeitreihencharakteristiken S. 243-256

„… Machines. Dazu werden sowohl etab-lierte Metriken als auch neue, speziell auf die Lebensdauerprognose …” „… management. This paper compares the performance of machine learning algorithms for re-maining useful life …” „… trees like least square boosting ensembles and random for-ests, as well as support vector machines …”

S.-J. Arora, F. Weiss, J. Bräunig, S. Erkel, M. Mensing, A. Wilde Smarte HeizungsANlaGenOptimierung – ögP SHANGO – Methodik und erste Ergebnisse S. 25-38

„… BMWi, FKZ 03SBE0006 [21] Projekt EnOB: DataFEE. Data mining, machine learning, feedback, and …” „… the large number of entities involved and the lack of a common database, the availability of data …” „… , which will serve as a common database for usage data from the end customer, maintenance data from the …”

N. Namyslo, D. Jung, T. Rieker Der Einsatz von Robo-Advisory und KI für die Zuverlässigkeitsanalyse zur Feldmaßnahmenentscheidung S. 257-270

„… Fundamental Knowledge about Degradation Processes into Data-Driven Diagnostics and Prognostics Using …” „… how expert decisions on multi-criteria decision problems can be facilitated using methods from machine …” „… data up to the evaluation of, decision on, and maintenance of field measures. Such RA have already …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024096

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - International Conference on Gears 2023

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

International Conference on Gears 2023

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2422 2023

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S. Moschkau, S. Held Optimization of product quality and manufacturing processes in real-time with vibration analysis S. 1821-1828

„… challenge to capture data from these outdated controls. In addition to the different machines, there is also …” „… stored, and the machine is not always connected to a central network. Therefore, data must be stored …” „… web-based software that can query and process all data on a wide variety of machines thanks to its high …”

H. Yakaria Securing the Quality Chain by the Networking with the Gear Suppliers S. 1617-1630

„… , regardless of their location. Securing data transfer to suppliers or measuring machines involves implementing …” „… and the measuring machines, which is facilitated through the utilization of the GDE (Gear Data …” „… information, ensuring that the measuring machines can accurately interpret and utilize the gear data during …”

M. Hausmann, E. Kirchner Investigation of the electrical impedance of the gear mesh of helical gears in an industrial gearbox S. 1173-1180

„… Uncertainty in Data-Acquisition by In Situ Measurements. Int. J. of Product Lifecycle Management 13 (2021) pp …” „… gearbox M. Hausmann, M. Sc., Prof. Dr.-Ing. E. Kirchner, Institute for Product Development and Machine …” „… condition-dependent electrical properties of machine elements. Previous electrical investigations of the lubrication …”

L. Binanzer, L. Merkle, M. Dazer, A. Nicola Pitting Detection for Prognostics and Health Management in Gearbox Applications S. 97-108

„… data. Using machine learning approaches, the vibration signal data are analyzed. By means of anomaly …” „… of Vibration Data The vibration data are evaluated using machine learning methods. The algorithm has …” „… . 5. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 103Fig. 5: Data processing chain with machine learning algorithm for …”

T. Jagiella, S. Haller, J. Lechner, T. Rung, M. Wöppermann, B. Zeeb Building a software toolchain for automated mass-customization of specific end-use gear unit parts using AM-driven design guidelines S. 1607-1616

„… support structures and converts the geometry into machine-specific, printable data.Every process step …” „… the previous chapter (e.g. materials database, automated CAD system, data storage …) is self-contained …” „… cost-drivers are material cost, machine cost and post-processing. Nevertheless, some processes like laser-based …”

E. Grabovic, A. Artoni, M. Gabiccini, E. Ciulli Exploration of trade-offs between NVH and efficiency in bevel gear design S. 853-880

„… model has been validated against experimental data available in the literature in previous works by the …” „… machine-tool envelopes. This step is achieved through a state-of-the-art identification algorithm that the …” „… validated against experimental data for different lubricants. Paschold et al. [10] mathematically modeled …”

D. Yamazaki, D. Iba, J. Chong Low, I. Moriwaki Cross-correlation analysis among tooth profile and helix deviations S. 1273-1278

„… using the measured data of gear surfaces. However, the correlation coefficients cannot evaluate the …” „… periodicity between the deviation data. Therefore, we analyze the characteristics between tooth profile and …” „… method to visualize the relationship between tooth helix deviations as a network using the measured data …”

T. Inoue, D. Iba, N. Fujita, A. Nishikawa, M. Ishii, J. Hu, H. Shimasaki, N. Miura, A. Masuda, I. Moriwaki, J. Hongu Effect of Load Cycles on Return Loss and Resistance of Sensor and Antenna Circuits Printed on Plastic Gears S. 659-674

„… vibration data obtained from the sensors installed far from the machine elements is even more difficult. On …” „… implement a measurement system that collects data from a machine using a microcontroller [12]. However, the …” „… . 1. Introduction If power is lost due to damage to gears, the machine loses its function. To avoid …”

C. van Oss, A. Hilbig, H. Sardemann, S. Schumann, B. Schlecht Opportunities arising from digital twins in gear development S. 1027-1038

„… , Dr.-Ing. Stefan Schumann, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Berthold Schlecht, IMM - Institute of Machine Elements and …” „… Machine Design, IPF - Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Technische Universität Dresden …” „… automatic mapping of 2D photo data onto a virtual 3D gear via photogrammetry. This allows for a …”

T. Kleiber, B. Neubauer Advancing to The Next Level – Cost Efficient Roll-Inspection: Back from End-of-Line NVH to Skiving Process S. 1591-1606

„… ’’. All modern 2FI machines additionally provide order analysis and raw data exports, which can be used …” „… in post data-processing. 4. Double Flank Gear InspectionThe double flank gear inspection, sometimes …” „… why the lower section of negative R-value allows a split of the data-set batch. It is obvious that …”

B. Černe, N. Vukašinović, D. Zorko In-situ experimental methods for measuring tooth meshing displacements and wear during polymer gear tests using a high-speed camera with microscopy optics S. 1563-1580

„… POM gears during operation, using the recorded data as input for a deep convolutional neural network …” „… measured. While this setup provides enough data to characterize gear durability (i.e., root/flank fatigue …” „… the running speeds specified. To facilitate subsequent data analysis, the POM-C gear specimens were …”

B. Karba, N. Yildirim Backlash optimization via compatible gear couples on the assembly lines for planetary gearboxes S. 1147-1158

„… , Gaziantep University, Gaziantep, Turkey Abstract To check the data consistency of gears in each of the …” „… processes of design, manufacturing, qualification, and mounting, the data should be checked for consistency …” „… , qualification, and assembly to check their data consistency. According to Michalec [1], backlash does not exist …”

N. Missal, S. Schwertel, M. Ludwig The next level of axial forming for a sustainable component and process chain design S. 1765-1776

„… developed for a complete machine concept based on the data obtained from the numerical investigation. The …” „… effects can be partially or completely avoided. The axial forming process and the new associated machine …” „… applying them for product development, from the machines to the finished component. Considering the …”

M. Fürst, S. Sepp, D. Schweigert, M. Otto, K. Stahl Experimental Investigation of Moving Contact Pattern in Helical Planetary Gearboxes S. 569-582

„… distribution with regard to the carrier rotation is presented. Based on experimental data recommendations for …” „… test rig itself is designed to fit onto a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) to capture the elastic …” „… machine With a CMM, precise measurements of geometric shapes and spatial positions are feasible. The main …”

M. Werner, S. Graf, M. Oehler, O. Koch Investigation of the electrical behavior of a spur gear stage pair by means of impedance measurements S. 67-80

„… . KochChair of Machine Elements, Gears and Tribology, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität …” „… depends largely on the electrical behavior of the affected machine elements. In order to predict this, the …” „… current paths can be identified and the risk of damage to the affected machine elements can be assessed …”

S. Hendricks, M. Solf, J. Brimmers, T. Bergs Investigation of the machinability of different quenched and tempered steels for the alternative process chain of planetary pinions in wind turbine gearboxes S. 1713-1730

„… characteristic value and the wear The evaluation of the spindle power data recorded by the hobbing machine …” „… , Dr.-Ing. Jens Brimmers, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Thomas Bergs, Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production …” „… typically used for this application. During the trials, spindle currents and acceleration data were recorded …”

T. Tra My Truong, S. Schumann, B. Schlecht On the Testing of Flank Fracture Calculations Based on 3D-Gears S. 243-256

„… , Dr.-Ing. Stefan Schumann, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Berthold Schlecht,Institute of Machine Elements and Machine …” „… can be calculated almost perfectly. Table 1: Key data of the project FVA 240 II [2] with the modified …” „… heat treatment simulation [9] based on the data of research project FVA 240 II [2] Calculation methods …”

D. Gallagher, E. Wiita, R. Weidig Improved Method for Validation of Root Stress in Polymer Gears S. 1333-1350

„… both the mathematical work of Euler in 1765, and Whitworth’s patent of the gear hobbing machine in 1835 …” „… (including material data) are in a lower state of maturity compared to those for steel. 2. Unique …” „… Material Data in Current Standards Whilst the development and first release of VDI 2736-2:2014 represents a …”

A. Hilligardt, V. Schulze Gear Skiving with Minimum Twist Errors S. 1749-1764

„… absolute machine cross-axis angle arises. tan ,2 ∙ sin tan, cos tan , tan , (7) tan , tan z|z | tan …” „… : Workpiece, tool, and process data of example 1Workpiece data Number of teeth z2 -103 Normal pressure angle …” „… . dFf2 134.1 mm Tip form diameter dFa2 128.54 mm Tool and process data Number of teeth z0 63 …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVIII

„… ); detailed bibliographic data is available via Internet at www.dnb.de.© VDI Verlag GmbH · Düsseldorf 2023Alle …” „… . Werner, S. Graf, M. Oehler, O. Koch, Chair of Machine Elements, Gears and Tribology, Rheinland-Pfälzische …” „… . Kirchner, Institute for product development and machine elements, Technische Universität Darmstadt …”

A. Beinstingel, F. Haringer, W. Sigmund, M. Heider, B. Pinnekamp, S. Marburg Investigation of Sound and Vibration Behavior of Cylindrical Gears S. 599-618

„… Vibroacoustics of Vehicles and Machines, Technical University of Munich, Garching n. Munich, Germany, RENK GmbH …” „… . Marburg, Chair of Vibroacoustics of Vehicles and Machines, Technical University of Munich, Garching near …” „… similar driving machine vanishes, the optimization of the noise characteristics contribute as an important …”

D. Zorko, N. Vukašinović, B. Černe The effect of gear manufacturing quality on the mechanical and thermal state of a plastic gear S. 1319-1332

„… materials are being constantly developed, however, there is very little relevant material data available for …” „… various plastic materials with different properties, cannot be adequately used due to the lack of data …” „… be any VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 1319standardized design methods and relevant material data …”

J.-A. Meis Parametric system simulation of load sharing in planetary gearboxes S. 269-280

„… development phases and are present in the output files of the machine element calculation programs. The data …” „… . Interfaces were created to read the necessary data from the output files of the machine element calculation …” „… like the main shaft or the main bearing. The model only relies on the gear data, which is usually …”

C. Braykoff, J. Thomas The Magic Cutter – An economical solution for bevel and hypoid gear production based on the modular principle S. 1859-1862

„… ) are used and the disadvantages of these methods are accepted. The transfer of machine and tool data …” „… adapted machine movements. Summary The consolidation of tools for face milling gears is much more …”

M. Willecke, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Experimental Investigation of the load carrying capacity of beveloid gears with optimized flank topography S. 125-138

„… a neuronal network was trained with the already existing dataset containing the operational data of …” „… be produced on conventional gear cutting machines for cylindrical gears without having to make any …” „… changes to the machine. However, a challenge in the application of beveloid gears with crossed axes is the …”

D. Meyering, C. Hussmann Smart Gearboxes for a Sustainable and Reliable Industry S. 645-658

„… machine or motor current measurements on reference drivetrains. A low count of inexplicable causes of …” „… requires individual and specialized drivetrains, resulting in a low quantity of identical machines …” „… problems in an early stage. 2.2 Measurement strategy To meet the specified aims, the load data need to be …”

A. Yavuz Kanyilmaz, B. Karba, M. VARDAR Classifying plastic beveloid gear quality considering manufacturing errors S. 1159-1172

„… In-house software. External Gear: Based on data measurement sensitivity effects on gear quality were …” „… Angle Machine Type Tooth Numbera Z15_FDM_FW16 1° FDM 15b Z15_SLM_FW8 2° SLM 33c Z33_FDM_FW8 2° FDM 33d Z …” „… effect on other quality deviations. Internal Gear: Based on data measurement sensitivity effects on gear …”

J. D. M. Marafona, J. H. O. Seabra, P. M. T. Marques, R. C. Martins Effect of overlap ratio on gear dynamic behavior and noise level S. 1239-1256

„… /- normalized root fillet radius of the basic rack profile 0.38 0.38 Data regarding the other gear parameters …” „… efficiency. Hence, after analyzing this data, it is expected that the IOR100 leads to an improved system …” „… are tested from 50 rpm up to 10000 rpm in steps of 50 rpm.Table 6: Shaft data Shaft inputs Diameter …”

A. Drechsel, J. Pellkofer, K. Stahl Transferability of the scuffing load capacity of gear oils determined on spur gears to hypoid gears S. 881-896

„… of gears on the basis of physical or chemical oil data alone, experimental test methods are necessary …” „… basis of physical or chemical oil data alone, experimental test methods are necessary. There are a large …” „… between results on simple testing machines and the behavior of the lubricants in tooth contact [5]. Thus …”

C. Dongu Im, W.-J. Chung, J.-H. Park, D.-J. Moon, Pfor. Y.-J. Park The effect of working surface deviation on transmission error in helical gears S. 1125-1134

„… in the simulation model, a computer numerically controlled (CNC) gear inspection machine was used …” „… data, the analysis model was built using commercial software. The finite element method (FEM) was used …” „… with a computer numerically controlled inspection machine, and a 3-dimensional average tooth shape was …”

H. Mahe Model based NVH design: e-bike application S. 1229-1238

„… , ratio and free-play data are given as inputs to the model. 2-2-ResultsIn the simulation, the motor is …” „… inertia is the rotor of the e-machine. Reflected at the P5/F1 gear, the inertia is amplified by the square …” „… source, previously masked by the gear whining has appeared: the e-machine contribution and especially the …”

G. Devaraj Vibration reduction of planetary gear drive using mesh phasing: modelling and experimental validation S. 157-174

„… bench test in Dana Belgium NV. An electric machine is driving the sun shaft via a spline connection …” „… ball bearings and the ring wheel. The electric motor used is a permanent magnet electric machine with …” „… synchronous machine (whose NVH performance is not the subject of the study) connected with a 3-planet …”

P. Michel New generation in plastic gear technologies S. 1461-1468

„… to mill the gear inserts with a 5 axis milling machine, even very complex geometries are …” „… automatically calculated on the basis of the nominal vs. actual data 4. The free form curves will be calculated …” „… data of the tool insert. Figure Fig. 2: Automatic optimization VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 20231464The …”

M. Vivet, A. Rezayat, J. Verhoogen, K. Kucukcoskun, S. Donders Numerical analysis of bevel gear transmission acoustic emission using a 3D gear contact force model within a multibody system dynamics simulation environment S. 689-702

„… flank measurement data files. This means that a user can analyze the actually designed gear pair …” „… necessary data is precomputed (prior to a dynamic simulation) using a finite element (FE) model of the …” „… and flexible shafts Spiral bevel gear pair variants. Table 1 presents the gear blank geometry data and …”

L. Klee, T. Bergs, M. Solf, J. Brimmers Binder Jetting in Gears – Process Design and Tooth Bending Strength for Gears made of 17-4PH S. 1665-1680

„… Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL), Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering …” „… , the near surface zone of the BJT gears is compacted by densification rolling using the machine …” „… PROFIROLL PR 15HP rolling machine were adapted from KLEE [16]. During the rolling process, cracks occurred …”

U. Kissling Impact of manufacturing deviations on the NVH behavior of modern gear design concepts S. 367-382

„… calculated by the control software of the machine, using the theoretical gear data and the required tooth …” „… manufactured gears The machine operator in the production is faced with the problem of producing a modification …” „… . This is obvious in analyses from gear-measuring machines [5]. So, a large number of calculations must …”

J. Woelling, F. Manis Recycling of carbon fiber reinforced plastics – State of the Art and Challenges S. 1287-1296

„… . Public data is available on the distribution of the annually produced virgin carbon fibres (vCF) [7]; it …” „… (right). Several machine manufacturers, research institutions and public projects have addressed the …” „… machine setup for investigation of the process is shown in Figure 4. Fig. 4: Wet laying machine at …”

W. Ramdane, C. Changenet, S. S. Ouali, C. Chevrel-Fraux, P. Casanova Thermal model of a planetary gear set using an isothermal approach S. 451-466

„… presented. Finally numerical results are discussed and compared to the experimental data. Test rig In this …” „… numerical and experimental data during cooling.Similarly, during the heating phase only, a good correlation …” „… splash lubricated. Experimental data extracted from a specific test rig are used to validate this …”

B. Devaux, C. Hamon, S. Montani Evaluation of specialty polymer performances in gear applications and the bias between modeling and testing approaches S. 1515-1532

„… gear face has been recently developed in our Alpharetta Lab using a coordinate-measuring machine (CMM …” „… performed using a contact machine. Then, an optical scan (non-contact approach) provides the real 3D surface …” „… illustrates the excellent level of correlation between the calibrated ABAQUS model and the experimental data …”

Y. Koch, E. Kirchner, J. Hirschmann Measuring Instantaneous Angular Speed using a Gear Wheel as Material Measure to detect Pitting Damage during an Endurance Test S. 81-96

„… machine elements, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany Julian Hirschmann, SEW-EURODRIVE GmbH & Co KG …” „… described. Finally, the data evaluation techniques used are explained. Test stand A 3-stage gearbox of the …” „… seconds at 50 kHz and transferred to a cloud system. An overview of the data acquisition equipment is …”

S. Chen, C. Liu, D. Qin Forward Performance-driven Design of Gear Parameters S. 211-226

„… the relationship of the tooth profile equation parameters u and , as well as machine motion parameters …” „… substituting the relevant data, the equations of meshing for rack-cutter tool can be obtained. 2 2 2 22 2x yX x …” „… parameters and constraints, generates precise gear tooth profiles based on the envelope of machine motion …”

M. Ruzek, R. Brun, F. Ville, P. Velex, Y. Marchesse On the reduction of windage power losses in gears by the modification of tooth geometry S. 785-800

„… with the geometrical data is presented in the next section, followed by a description of the numerical …” „… terms of WPL is downgraded. Fig. 8: Influence of a ramp on WPL (data from the measurement) 500 1000 …” „… (the symbols are data from numerical approach and the lines correspond to power regression). Fig. 10 …”

K. Lübke, K. Stein Quality inspection of special geometries measured with computed tomography – Evaluation of involute cylindrical gears according to ISO 1328-1 S. 1787-1802

„… involute gears are measured on a broad variety of coordinate measuring machines (cmm). Typical tasks are …” „… voxel-based point cloud [2,3,4]. It can be exported in a surface-based STL data format, representing the …” „… data, offers new possibilities. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 1793Fig. 6: Overview of manufactured …”

S.-J. Tsai, Q.-Y. Zhuang, L.-C. Chang Design and analysis of compound stepped planetary gear drives for better transmission performances S. 537-552

„… given range of 21.02%. The relevant common gearing data are listedTable 2. Six cases according to the …” „… stage is an integer multiple of that at low-speed stage. Table 2: Gearing data in common for various …” „… support. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023550Reference 1 Meyers, W.I., “Compound Planetaries,” Machine Design …”

A. Donmez, A. Kahraman Experimental Investigation of Influence of Indexing Errors on Gear Rattling S. 703-714

„… machine. With its modular spindles, the test rig allows one to study different meshing configurations up …” „… distribution. Next set of data considers various input torque fluctuations aT at 10mT Nm, 1 2n , and variable …” „… . Gears #3 and #4 were used as idler gear. First set of data were collected at constant load of 10mT Nm, 0 …”

B. van Wissen, L. Pastukhov, F. Mitsuzuka, K. Iwanaga, A. Hasanovic NVH performance of thermoplastic gears: modelling and measuring S. 1389-1402

„… measurements and modelling using an experimental case study. Gear noise data is obtained using sound level …” „… meters and microphones mounted close to high-speed running gears. Via detailed data analysis, combined …” „… ) To perform the sound measurements, a custom-built machine was used displayed in Figure 3. It is a …”

A. F. İnceel, B. Özkan, B. Karba, M. Vardar A study on the efficiency prediction of a gear bearing drive by means of mathematical modelling S. 1135-1146

„… 0.2984 1.0 1.25Gear 5 -0.2651 1.0 1.253.0 20.025.03Gear DataMesh Center Distance (mm) Transverse Contact …” „… , a5=-0.753, a35=1.689 0.006930.060Mesh DataGear 0.05297 Rpm N.m kW Rpm N.mTransmission 18.87931 2000 …” „… 55.94306 11.71669 105.93607 1056.16633Ratios OutputInputInput,Output & Ratio DataGrease Density (g/mm3 …”

S. Sepp, A. Wenig, M. Otto, K. Stahl Acoustical behavior of periodic flank modifications under dynamic operating conditions S. 341-356

„… validated by experimental data.Keywords Gear Noise Excitation, Calculation and Simulation, Periodic Flank …” „… accumulated flank deviation. 𝐹 ∙ 𝑥 𝑥 (3) VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 345Table 1: Basis gear data of the …” „… range (not particular for 1000 Nm). VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023346Table 2: Microgeometry data of the …”

L. Bonaiti, M. Brambilla, P. Chiariotti, A. Cigada, C. Gorla, G. Boni, P. Codeluppi The effect of pinion axial positioning on noise and transmission error of face hobbed and face milled bevel gears S. 839-852

„… Abstract It is undeniable that, aided by the increasing electrification of machines, the gear community is …” „… The data acquisition system designed to measure TE is based on two incremental optical encoders. The …” „… MS/s/ch data acquisition board (NI 6110) with simultaneous sampling is used to acquire the A, B and zero …”

T. König, L. Cadau, L. Steidle, M. Kley, D. Cansu Güney, J. Albrecht, K. Weber A concept for comparison of new and aged lubricants in transmissions of electric vehicles and a method of oil aging on a test rig S. 1195-1206

„… instance, the typical map of an electric machine requires different transmission designs. [2, 3] In …” „… efficiency and a higher wear of the machine elements. Fig. 3-5: Measured friction coefficient for new oil …” „… . H. and Chattopadhyaya, S.: Degradation analysis of gear oil SAE 90 used in load haul dumper machine …”

G. Guimarães, L. Robatto, R. Rego, A. Faria, A. Borille, J. Mascheroni Surface integrity of 20MnCr5 pinion gears manufactured through laser powder bed fusion S. 1845-1858

„… method in an Alkimat Laser Funde 200 machine. This machine is equipped with a single continuous wave …” „… distortions. The gear milling was carried out with a Pfauter P-400 hobbing machine, operating at a rotational …” „… . 3, p. 536-537, 2015. [10] EOS Case Hardening Steel 20MnCr5, EOS Material Data Sheet, 2020 [11 …”

C. Herzog, D. Drummer Influence of the injection molding process on the tooth deflection of plastic gears during operation S. 1435-1448

„… experimental data makes the evaluation of these rating procedures difficult. In summary it can be stated that …” „… using an injection molding machine, type 370U-700-30-30 by Arburg GmbH CO. KG, Loßburg, Germany. The …” „… of the processing data sheet were used for manufacturing the plastic gears.The mold temperature was …”

J. Zhang, B. Shaw, A. Hammer, I. Sewell Effects of Surface Engineering on the Efficiency of Involute Helical Gears – An Experimental Investigation S. 995-1016

„… lubricant on gear efficiency and demonstrated, through factorisation, how lab test data can be applied to …” „… and data acquisition, which enabled the applied torque, rotational speed and oil temperature being …” „… closely controlled. All data was logged at a frequency of 1 HZ. Test gears Basic gear data Test gears used …”

L. Bonaiti, M. Monti, C. Gorla, M. Geitner, T. Tobie, K. Stahl The consequences of different methodologies for the elaboration of pulsator test results with respect to the load spectrum assessment of gears S. 33-52

„… the SN curve shape can be found in the literature. Secondly, test data should be referred to the whole …” „… approach, several curves can be adopted to describe experimental pulsator data. The aforementioned curves …” „… [1,14–18], and must be addressed before using pulsator test data in the assessment phase. Hence, some …”

J. Vorgerd, P. Tenberge, M. Steinrötter Scuffing load carrying capacity of high-speed gears with an isotropic superfinished surface S. 227-242

„… to machine elements with higher specific contact loads like e.g. roller bearings [SOMM14]. To improve …” „… scuffing load carrying capacity is currently not well researched. Underlying experimental data are limited …” „… postprocessing. The given data VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023236points proved this correlation of local initiation …”

A. Kubo, M. Nagae Estimation of brittleness of CCH-steel via measurement of micro-VH and simultaneous FWHM distribution S. 1699-1712

„… ered serious tooth ank damage. The gear is manufactured with K lingelnberg machine. The gear material …” „… deviation e ists. The uantitative form was then measured with optical meas-uring machine. ach pi el of C …” „… fringe becomes the highest, where the resonance of white light is used to trigger the data sampling as …”

L.-C. Chang, Q. Y. Zhuang, S.-J. Tsai, J.-F. Hochrein, S. Landler, M. Otto, K. Stahl Comparing the contact characteristics of involute gear/ eccentric cycloidal gear calculated by various loaded tooth contact analysis models S. 397-412

„… , Department of Mechanical Engineering, Machine Design Laboratory (MDL), National Central University (NCU …” „… . Numerical analysis example 4.1 Involute gear 4.1.1 Calculation data The gearing data standardized in [12 …” „… ] for analysis are listed in Table 1. These data are specific to a C gearing designed for pitting tests …”

J. Gründer, A. Monz Analytical Method for Calculating the Nominal Tooth Root Stress in Worm Gear Shafts S. 1091-1110

„… detailed measurements are provided in [12, 20 through 22]. Data of measured surface hardness is found in …” „… load data of the investigated geometry as well as the contact pattern including the lines of contact …” „… , load data, contact lines and load distribution on the tooth flanks as calculated with SNETRA Variable …”

C. Kunik, J. Kunert Wetting and oil flow analysis of planetary gearboxes using oil flow simulations S. 467-484

„… the robustness of all machine elements. For the former and the latter the prediction of the …” „… , are tested to get a sufficiently large data base for evaluation. In configuration one, the oil is …” „… evaluations are possible using the huge amount of generated data. Fig. 6: Test gear unit 1 – CAD model …”

S. Ebrahimi, U. Kissling, C. S. Matkovič Evaluation of the NVH Characteristics of Gear Drives with Plastic Gears by the Forced Response Analysis S. 1403-1418

„… 1 and 2 specify the gear mesh data of the gearbox for both variants. Fig. 1: A two-stage gearbox …” „… model layout VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 20231406Table 1: Gear mesh data of the gearbox with plastic gears …” „… 4.044/1.510 3.990/1.825 2.550/1.420 2.570/1.730 Table 2: Gear mesh data of the gearbox with steel gears Gear …”

M. Gebhardt, A. Rhode, B. Legrady Lubrication improvement at the HS-IS spline shaft interface of a wind turbine gearbox using the smooth particle hydrodynamic method S. 519-536

„… References [1] Dao, C., Kazemtabrizi, B. and Crabtree, C.: Wind turbine reliability data review and impacts …” „… . and Henningsen, K.: Performance assessment of wind turbine gearboxes using in-service data: Current …” „… and Machine Theory 2014 [11] Curà, F., Mura, A., Sanchez, P. and Sevilla, U.: Recent Advances in …”

S. Sklenak, D. Mevissen, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher, B. Lenz, A. Mehner Analysis of Load Cycles and Local Wear of Dry and Solid-Lubricated Gears S. 727-740

„… . Bastian Lenz, Dr.-Ing. Andreas Mehner, Chair of Machine Tools, Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production …” „… continuous measurement data was used to analyze the operating behavior. In the second step, local …”

U. Cihak-Bayr, T. Wopelka, C. Wintersteiger Effect of LOL conditions under high velocity and high injection temperatures S. 763-778

„… Mini-Traction-Machine [1,2], are used for baseline investigations on scuffing initiation upon load [3] increase or start …” „… friction data are barely published. Typically, available twin-disc rigs cover ranges between 0.5 m/s and 8 …” „… temperature. Thus, this influence could not be clearly deduced from the experimental data which reflect some …”

M. Rothemund, M. Otto, K. Stahl Applicability of classic analytical calculation approaches for the design of plastic gears S. 1483-1498

„… former, the material data from Table 1 is used. In contrast, when using the nonlinear material model for …” „… based on three illustrative gearings, for which measurement data is available from test bench trials …” „… . Mechanism and Machine Theory (2017). [16] Fürstenberger, M. D.: Betriebsverhalten verlustoptimierter …”

P. E. Schnetzer, J. Pellkofer, K. Stahl Calculation method for wear of steel-bronze rolling-sliding contacts relating to worm gears S. 907-926

„… slip ratio 𝑠 ( 100 % ∙ / ) and the Table 2: Oil dataFig. 4: Experimental results on the worm gear test …” „… new calculation method enables, in combination with wear tests on the twin-disk machine, efficient and …” „… geometrical data of the worm gears used can be seen in Table 1. The surface roughnesses are measured in the …”

J. Lövenich, M. Zalfen, D. Mevissen, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Crack growth based tooth root life prediction model – an influence quantity analysis S. 109-124

„… . Zalfen, Dr.-Ing. D. Mevissen, Dr.-Ing. J. Brimmers, Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Brecher, Laboratory for Machine …” „… data for different steels. The effect of the fracture mechanical parameters on the lifetime of the …” „… %VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 121Summary and OutlookCurrent material data for the design of the tooth root load …”

F. Concli, M. N. Mastrone Latest advancements in the lubrication simulations of geared systems: a technology ready for industrial applications S. 499-518

„… performance and churning losses displayed a good correlation with experimental data. Deshpande et al. [51 …” „… numerical results showed good agreement with experimental data. Following a similar approach, Liu et al …” „… the PIV data. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023510Fig. 7: Comparison between the standard-, the …”

C. Westphal, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Influence of Axis Misalignments in Stepped Planetary Gear Stages on the Excitation Behavior – Test Rig Development and Simulative Analysis S. 175-190

„… . Dr.-Ing. Christian Brecher, Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering WZL, Gear Department …” „… of the macro geometry is not discussed further at this point. The resulting gear data are given in …” „… the tooth flank modifications. Table 2: Test rig gear data Sun Planet 1 Planet 2 Ring gear Number of …”

C. Karampatzakis, A. Mihailidis, A. Mantzaflaris, C. Provatidis Contact simulation of tooth flanks using Isogeometric Analysis S. 413-428

„… attained. It is clear from the data, that the second order NURBS basis has converged to less than 1% within …” „… varying gear mesh stiffness. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 160, (2021)[12] Greco, F., Rosolen, A., Coox, L …”

K. Moser, S. Körber Advanced biopolymer compounds for technical applications S. 1297-1300

„… on an Engel ES200 injection moulding machine. The injection moulding was carried out with cold ( 30 …” „… were measured using a Ceast HDT 3 VICAT heat distortion temperature test machine. The specimens were …” „… . 20, no. 4, pp. 904–906, May 1987. [2] “Talc R050087 - RRUFF Database: Raman, X-ray, Infrared, and …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181024225

Christian Brecher, Jörg Kröger, Eckart Uhlmann, Alexander Verl, Oliver Riedel, Achim Lechler - Industrie 4.0 – Wertschöpfungspotenziale in der dienstebasierten Produktion

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Christian Brecher (ed.), Jörg Kröger (ed.), Eckart Uhlmann (ed.), Alexander Verl (ed.), Oliver Riedel (ed.), Achim Lechler (ed.)

Industrie 4.0 – Wertschöpfungspotenziale in der dienstebasierten Produktion

Series: Fertigungstechnik

Volume 698 2018

Results in this title

Rodrigo Pastl Pontes, E Uhlmann In-Process Quality Assurance for Selective Laser Melting through Online Generation of Key Performance Indicators in Context of Industrie 4.0 S. 11-22

„… first addresses what should be measured at the machine. The second question is related to how the data …” „… could be acquired from the machine. The third concerns the data processing and visualization and, the …” „… machine. The use of trend line of ‘Industrie 4.0’ approach helps to access and visualize the data online …”

F. Eger, A. Lechler, A. Verl Reduzierung von Ausschuss und Nacharbeiten durch intelligente Datenauswertung und Kompensationsalgorithmen in mehrstufigen Produktionssystemen S. 57-66

„… aus einem umfassenden Datenerfassungssystem sowie einer Datenmanagement-Plattform (II. Data …” „… Acquisition System and Data Management Platform) besteht, gesammelt und synchronisiert werden …” „… auf Multi-Scale-Modellierung, CPSs, Big Data und Data Analytics als Schlüsseltechnologien basiert …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783186698025

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

Automation 2022

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2399 2022

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W. Li, M. Winter, C. Roos, T. Kleinert Strukturgraph der Produktion – Ein Konzept für Prozessdatenintegration und -analyse mit Anwendungsbeispielen S. 355-370

„… parameters (properties) [22]. Operating data of a production, including data of machines and field devices …” „… associate the data stored in the database in the SGP model, making the data easier accessible and allowing …” „… property of a production element, whose values are stored in a data variable in a database. Fig. 1 …”

C. Song, M. Gärtler, B. Klöpper Phasenidentifikation von Batch-Prozessen durch aktives Lernen S. 625-636

„… ) method is that the performance of machine learning models, which are constructed only on few data samples …” „… classical machine learning techniques, the training data are incremented by AL method. In a general active …” „… pool-based sampling, a low-accuracy machine learning model is trained with limited labeled data, VDI-Berichte …”

G. Cainelli, L. Underberg, L. Rauchhaupt Framework for bringing wireless communication into the context of Industrie 4.0 S. 31-44

„… domain(Assets)Digital domain(AAS)ASSET_M1ASSET_NWProductive Data ExchangeManagement Data exchangeI4.0 Data exchangeAAS_M1 …” „… is 131 ms. The machine uses this data for control purposes. The UT has timing constraints and cannot …” „… G module as delivered. This data generally can be found in the module’s documenta-tion (datasheets …”

C. Neunzig, D. Möllensiep, S. Fahle, B. Kuhlenkötter, M. Möller, J. Schulz Approach to Data Pre-processing for Predictive Quality of Hydraulic Test Results in a Dynamic Manufacturing Environment S. 425-438

„… learning from noisy data. Machine Learning 1 (3), pp. 317–354. [11] Gama, J., Žliobaitė, I., Bifet, A …” „… using data-driven predictive analytics, the imbalanced ratio of the target also becomes a problem in …” „… production dataset for different time intervals. Time Interval Training Data Test Data class distribution …”

S. Grüner, M. Hoernicke Orchestrierung hybrider Anlagen – auf dem Weg zur Integration von PackML Komponenten in Modulare Anlagen S. 307-318

„… Anlagen Orchestration of Hybrid Plants – Towards Integration of PackML Machines into Modular Process …” „… , machine automation fol-lows a similar approach. Machine vendors use the PackML [3] specification to …” „… describe the interfaces of the machine in a standardized way and to integrate the machine into a line …”

R. Gitzel, T. Kozel Hot Spot Detection in Electrical Equipment using the Inverse Pixel Count Algorithm S. 479-490

„… classification problem makes the use of machine learning attractive. Experimental data was used to train a …” „… Pixel Count) zu ermitteln. Mit diesem als Eingangsgröße erreicht eine Support Vector Machine eine …” „… used as input for a Support Vector Machine, an average accuracy of 93.5% was achieved. 1 Introduction …”

M. Platenius-Mohr, J. Schlake, M. Vach, R. Koorts Bring your Machine Learning Intelligence to the Edge – An Example on Edge Analytics for Cement Strength Prediction S. 413-424

„… Bring your Machine Learning Intelligence to the Edge – An Example on Edge Analytics for Cement …” „… intelligence and machine learning grows –also in the process automation sector. One relevant question is how …” „… the mass of generated data to the cloud. Instead, a promising trend to leverage is edge analytics …”

M. Gärtler, B. Schmidt Auf dem Weg zur Digitalisierung von R&I – Evaluierung von Few Shot Learning Techniken zur einfachen Erkennung bisher unbekannter Elemente S. 453-464

„… ]. Introduction Nowadays, Industry 4.0 and the industrial internet of things (IIoT) with its data-centric view are …” „… (https://dexpi.org/) aim is to provide a general data exchange standard in digital form, the majority of P&IDs are …” „… ubiquitous. Artificial intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) have been identified as key aspects in the …”

D. Vranješ, P. Topalis, O. Niggemann Chancen und Herausforderungen für Künstliche Intelligenz in kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen S. 399-412

„… . https://www.tableau.com/de-de, abgerufen am: 07.01.2022 [29] RapidMiner: RapidMiner | Best Data Science & Machine Learning …” „… .: Towards a software engineering process for developing data-driven applications. In 2019 IEEE/ACM 7th …” „… existiert professio-nelle Software für Data Science und KI Applikationen, welche kostenlos genutzt werden …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XVI

„… in the Deutsche Nationalbibliographie (German National Bibliography); detailed bibliographic data is …” „… . Moriz, H. Trsek, inIT – TH OWL, Lemgo f Prozessautomation – KI in der ProzessautomationData Mining in …” „… . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387 J.-P. Beck, A. Fay, Helmut-Schmidt-Universität, Hamburg f KI & Autonome Systeme – Machine Learning …”

G. Just, V. Khaydarov, L. Urbas, B. Klöpper, F. D. Bähner Hidden Markov Models und Active Learning zur automatisierten Kennzeichnung von Batchphasen in der Prozessindustrie S. 615-624

„… models for segmenting and labeling sequence data. International Conference on Machine Learning (pp …” „… Systems. Dos Santos Louçada Coelho Vicente, M. (2021). Model for Batch Process Data Generation - A …” „… Benchmarkfor Machine Learning Testing and Comparison. Lissabon: Tecnico Lisboa. Fawaz, I., Forestier, G., Weber …”

A. Charizanis, M. Müller, M. Weyrich, H. Mettler Validierung von sicherheitsrelevanten KI-Systemen in der Pharmabranche S. 561-580

„… . Für die Entwicklung der KI verweist die FDA auf die „Good Machine Learning Practices“ (GMLP), welche …” „… Modifi-cations to Artificial Intelligences / Machine Learning (AI/ML) - Based Software as a Medical Device (SaMD …” „… devices/published/US-FDA-Artificial-Intelligence-and-Machine-Learning-Dis-cussion-Paper.pdf – Überprüfungsdatum 2022-01-20 [5] U.S. Food & Drug Administration: Good Machine Learning …”

M. Krüger, B. Vogel-Heuser, K. Land, G. Grim, J. Lorenzer, M. Hanf Data Mining in der Prozesstechnik als Key-Enabler intelligenter Digitaler Zwillinge für eine datengetriebene Optimierung der Prozessführung S. 231-244

„… da-rauffolgenden Separationsphasen abgewogen werden. Der vorgestellte Data-Mining-Ansatz kann Abhängigkeiten in …” „… 01-02.623. [3] M. Krüger, B. Vogel-Heuser, I. Weiß und E. Trunzer, „Data-Driven Product Quality Mon-itoring …” „… explainability of data-driven models“, Computers & Chemical Engineering, Jg. 138, S. 106834, 2020, doi: 10.1016 …”

H. S. Steude, D. Vranješ, J. L. Augustin, O. Niggemann, M. Lange-Hegermann, D. Höche Verwendung Neuronaler Netze zur automatisierten Analyse und Modellierung elasto-plastischer Materialeigenschaften von metallischen Zugproben S. 505-520

„… , “Editorial: Machine Learning and Data Mining in Materials Science,” Frontiers in Materials, vol. 7, p. 51 …” „… , “Data-driven discovery of Green’s func-tions with human-understandable deep learning,” May 2021, doi: 10.1038/s …” „… mechanisms during plastic deformation. Respective training data was generated by numerical FEM simulations …”

L. Underberg, G. Cainelli, T. Neugebauer Performance Evaluation of a Campus Network emphasizing the ICT-OT-relation S. 637-650

„… performance parameters are not evaluated. Furthermore, the user data length is also not considered during the …” „… ] the performance parameters data rate, transmission time, update time, jitter and packet loss of a 5G …” „… user data length. While we are considering a SA system, the authors are analysing NSA. In [6] the …”

M. Freund, C. Barth, P. Juhlin, S. Lehnhoff, M. Winter, G. Fachinger Supporting Product Lifecycle Information Management and Distributed Engineering with an Integration Model S. 277-288

„… in the P&ID (e.g. a control valve and a flow sensor) needs to be represented as DataAssembly of a …” „… P&ID engineering and a function block from the domain of application engineering resp. a DataAssembly …” „… domains, tools, and data models and generates a large set of interdependent artifacts. While the result of …”

B.-M. Pfeiffer, C. Leingang, C. Busse, M. Oppelt, O. Lorenz, A. Cano Nonlinear Model Predictive Control: from Digital Twin to Real-World Application in Polymerization Process S. 205-218

„… such a polymerization process:  Purely data-driven black-box models, e.g. based on artificial …” „… data-points contained in training data, but no extrapolation, and they do not contribute to process …” „… steady state process data for the differ-ent polymer grades produced alternately in the same reactor. PID …”

W. Varro Erweiterte Risikobeurteilung für Maschinen und Betriebsmittel mit künstlicher Intelligenz S. 595-614

„… ), Bilder oder sogar dreidimensionale Gegenstände erkennen, vi-suelle Informationen zu analysieren („Machine …” „… Verhaltens der Maschine, z.B. durch Algorithmen, Deap Learning, Ma-chine Learning, SW-Updates, Fernzugriff …” „… der Cloud soziale Netzwerke (Data Leaks) Analyse der Hardware- und Softwarespezifikation und …”

M. Stange, M. Both, J. Müller Prognostizierte Energieverbräuche durch Deep Learning als Basis zur Integration in ein Smart Grid am Beispiel des Flughafen Köln Bonn S. 703-714

„… Jahre trainiert. Die zeitliche Auflösung ist viertelstündlich. Nachdem das Data-Preprocessing inklusive …” „… Data, Socio-economic and Weather Indicators. A Case Study of Spain. 9th International Confer-ence on …” „… Electricity Demand Prediction via Socioeconomic Factors-A Machine Learning Approach with Florida as a Case …”

N. Widulle, J. Ehrhardt, M. Krantz, A. Liebert, A. Nordhausen, O. Niggemann Eine Simulationsumgebung für flexible Cyber-Physische Produktionssysteme zur Generierung realistischer Datensätze für maschinelle Lernverfahren S. 533-544

„… planning, an increasing number of approaches from Artificial Intelli-gence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML …” „… based forecast data generation and evaluation of forecast error measures,” Dec. 2019. Accessed: Mar. 13 …” „… ) is developed. While AI and ML approaches heavily rely on diverse datasets to enable generalizability …”

doi.org/10.51202/9783181023990

VDI Wissensforum GmbH - International Conference on Gears 2022

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VDI Wissensforum GmbH (ed.)

International Conference on Gears 2022

Series: VDI-Berichte

Volume 2389 2022

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T. Konig, M. Kley, F. Wagner, M. Liebschner Enhanced damage classification on transmissions by generating synthetic data with Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) S. 227-238

„… machine learning algorithms. The generation of a sufficient amount of data per condition class is relevant …” „… not adequate for machine learning algorithms to classify measurement data. The focus of this work is …” „… condition. Balanced data sets can significantly increase the performance and stability of machine learning …”

Y. Koch, G. Martin, E. Kirchner, D. Quirnheim Pais, R. Slatter Feasibility study of measuring instantaneous angular speed of helical gears with magnetoresistive sensors S. 253-264

„… sensor data. The state of the art for condition monitoring of involute gear trains is characterized by …” „… the instantaneous angular speed (IAS), are gaining in popularity [2, 3]. Machine manufacturers …” „… sensor data. Independent of the maturity level of the system under consideration, mechatronic, smart and …”

Titelei/Inhaltsverzeichnis S. I-XXVIII

„… National Bibliography); detailed bibliographic data is available via Internet at www.dnb.de.Preflight Lx3 …” „… ., Quebec, Canada;F. Mieth, Institute of Machine Elements and Machine Design (IMM), Faculty of Mechanical …” „… of Machine Elements and Machine Design (IMM), Faculty of Mechanical Science and Engineering …”

A. Hilligardt, J. Klose, V. Schulze A new method for avoiding meshing interference in gear skiving S. 1305-1318

„… adapted to compensate for workpiece errors. The user transfers the gear measurement data while the machine …” „… dynamic machine tool precision as well as a de-mand driven by electric mobility drive trains [1]. But …” „… aforementioned eccentricity [4]. Thus modifications can be created or errors compensated on the machine which is …”

E. Lamaj, J. Blomeke, F. Rudolph, J. Hermes A comprehensive, fully parametrized calculation model for improved helical-hypoid gearbox efficiency S. 825-836

„… each gear unit machine elements have been developed. The database covers each individual shaft, bearing …” „… material and quality of all machine elements. For a complete modular system of gearboxes, this task is very …” „… time-consuming if applied to each individual machine element and gearbox in turn. Thus, a fully automated …”

E. Tanaka, J. Xia, J. Zhuang, M. Nakasako, K. Ikejo Tooth profile error detection only using a small spot type of laser sensor S. 707-714

„… each tooth. Then we found the laser reflection data has tendency for each tooth, especially on the …” „… and the specifications of the targeted gear. By subtracting the template data from the measured data …” „… , we can make the tooth profile related data from the laser reflection. Finally, this laser reflection …”

G. Klein New chamfer cutting solutions for cylindrical gears: gaining productivity and flexibility S. 1397-1410

„… , universal tools can be flexibly employed. During input of workpiece and tool data into the machine’s control …” „… machine movements and does not depend on the tool design itself, so a single tool can be applied across a …” „… conturograph machines. Measuring positions along the profile depend on the chamfer shape and customer’s …”

C. Schonke, T. Magdy, K. Daubach, W. Kassem, M. Oehler, O. Koch Simulation of high torque density gearbox noise excitation S. 837-848

„… FEM-models for machine elements are created parametrically from a small amount of engineering input data …” „… ., Kiel; K. Daubach, W. Kassem, M. Oehler, O. Koch, Chair of Machine Elements, Gears and Tribology …” „… issues are various deformations of machine elements, mutual stiffening of mating components and proper …”

K. Lubke, M. Stein, S. Lin Validation of evaluation algorithms for cylindrical involute gears on coordinate measuring machines – new challenges according to standardization S. 1529-1538

„… developed. Firstly, a database will be established to provide the test data sets created by the data …” „… developed to deliver test data sets and reference results from the database to the TraCIM server. A …” „… Validation of evaluation algorithms for cylindrical involute gears on coordinate measuring machines …”

I. Hong, Z. Teaford, A. Kahraman A comparison of gear tooth bending fatigue lives from single tooth bending and rotating gear tests S. 45-74

„… databases of RG and STB data would be needed for validation. The current study will use the limited data …” „… lives as a function of stress for both sets of data. The resultant SN curves are compared to determine …” „… any differences in allowable stress. Techniques are then employed using single set data (STBF or RG …”

C. A. Celikay, A. Donmez, A. Kahraman An experimental study of parametric resonances of a spur gear pair at speeds above its primary resonance S. 511-522

„… accelerometers and obvious physical limitations in transferring data to a nonrotating frame. Accordingly, the …” „… description of this test machine can be found in Ref. [15]. This machine is capable of operating a gear pair …” „… resonances up to 4n possible with the current test machine of Fig. 1(a). This VDI-Berichte Nr. 2389, 2022 …”

A. Miltenovic, M. Banic Investigation of the meshing friction heat generation of worm gears and influence of the contact shape S. 803-810

„… load capacity. In the paper, the transient thermal behavior among different pinion machine …” „… ] investigate meshing friction heat generation of spiral bevel gears for different pinion machine …” „… in DIN 3996 [7] with different pinion machine-setting parameters that are changing contact pattern …”

B. James Developing a digital thread linking gear design to manufacturing simulation and metrology S. 185-196

„… , barriers to smooth data exchange exist which hinders the operation of the ‘team’. This paper describes …” „… software (e.g. Quindos) mounted on a gear measurement machine (e.g. Leitz) Dontyne is an independent …” „… , need to access and interpret data from a different source quickly and free from error. Furthermore, as …”

A. Turich Gear hard finishing with up to 100% in-process inspection S. 1583-XL

„… components per dressing cycle or directly after the machine setup. Depending on the dressing cycle, the …” „… commonly used for machine and process capability studies and is globally recognized [1]. The machine or …” „… implementation of such corrections must be carried out by the machine operator taking additional time, all while …”

B. Schalley, J. Brimmers, T. Bergs Potential and challenges of profile gear grinding with vitrified bonded cBN S. 1569-1582

„… HÖFLER VIPER 500 KW profile and generating gear grinding machine. The machine data, test setup as well as …” „… nozzlesGrinding wheelDressing toolWorkpieceMachine Data Test Set-UpImage source: KlingelnbergcBN Profile Grinding …” „… . Dr.-Ing. Thomas Bergs MBA, Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL), Gear …”

M. Weigand Smart and intelligent chip detectors using machine learning to monitor wear particles and dangerous degradation of critical powertrain components S. 995-998

„… Smart and intelligent chip detectors using machine learning to monitor wear particles and dangerous …” „… collaboration with TU Wien. The research unit of Machine Elements and Transmissions for Aviation offers …” „… a forthcoming critical damage. The new sensor system is supported by machine learning and provides …”

T. Matsumura, K. Mioki, M. Kada, R. Okuizumi, A. Pogačnik Improved calculation methodology for the prediction of tooth temperature of plastic gears S. 1237-1248

„… there is not a lot of data available in the VDI 2736. However, the COF value from the pin-on-disc tests …” „… equation. If the equation is applied to the measured data from the gear test rig in order to calculate the …” „… an important role in the calculation of the COF from measured data. The actual contact ratio was …”

G. Hlebanja, M. Hriberšek, M. Erjavec, S. Kulovec Influence of the tooth flank shape on wear for a steel-POM gar pair S. 1295-1304

„… and induces negative sliding on the driving gear flank. Table 1: Basic data on S and E gears Gear type …” „… . Table 2 collects data for the torque 1.5 Nm for both, E- and S-spur gear pairs as defined above. Values …” „… Wenzel GearTec coordinate measurement machine discloses at least for two grades higher Q of cut gears [5 …”

F. Eigner, S. Heinrich, M. Berger An approach on contact analysis for micro geometry optimization of the gear unit HypoGear S. 943-950

„… bevel and hypoid gears. Shih´s approach is to compute corrected machine settings for the modification of …” „… machine for two prototypes. Fig. 5: Comparison of the contact pattern of modified and unmodified tooth …” „… other hand, no other existing data formats can be processed at the current state, since the internally …”

M. Furst, J. Gotz, M. Otto, K. Stahl Automation of gearbox design S. 787-802

„… specific machine elements are embedded in a systematic sequence. As a result, the model is capable to work …” „… on individual machine elements or on the evaluation of a specific requirement, such as load capacity …” „… dimensioning of machine elements like shafts, bearings, gears and keys can be processed consecutively with …”

T. Arndt, J. Klose, M. Gerstenmeyer, V. Schulze Tool wear development in gear skiving process of quenched and tempered internal gears S. 1331-1344

„… to machine internal gears with a tensile strength up to Rm = 980 MPa [3]. Tool life increases by a …” „… machining dry, oil lubricated and by use of MQL. The tests were conducted on a skiving machine INDEX …” „… . Workpiece, tool and process data are listed in table 1. Experiments marked with “dry machining” have been …”

R. Longato, M. Turci The effect of temperature on the SN curve for bending stress measured on a new test rig for plastic gears S. 1209-1222

„… requirements of the VDI 2736-4. The paper describes the testing procedure, showing how data are acquired and …” „… general plastic mold specialists are not necessarily gear specialists. Gear measuring machines and test …” „… . Table 1: Test rig properties Range Catalogue data Scale Theoretical resolution Center distance …”

F. Muller, S. Schumann, B. Schlecht Innovative tooth contact analysis with non-uniform rational b-spline surfaces S. 171-184

„… Müller, Dr.-Ing. Stefan Schumann, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Berthold Schlecht, Institute of Machine Elements and …” „… Machine Design (IMM), Faculty of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Technical University of Dresden …” „… measurement data due to e.g. micro-pitting can only be considered insufficiently. Hence, a new method for …”

B. H. Kien, D. Iba, Y. Tsutsui, Y. Lei, D. Taga, N. Miura, T. Iizuka, A. Masuda, I. Moriwaki Plastic gear remaining useful life prediction using artificial neural network S. 951-956

„… and the era of data, intelligent machinery condition monitoring systems based on data-driven and deep …” „… trained from training data extracted from plastic gears' raw vibration data using the Fourier …” „… machinery part. While prognosis based on the health indicator or degradation status from sensor data to …”

U. Kissling Generation of a torque spectrum from measured torque-speed-time data S. 533-544

„… Generation of a torque spectrum from measured torque-speed-time data Dr. Ulrich Kissling …” „… drive system. The magnitude and frequency of these loads depend upon the driven machine, the motor, the …” „… be determined by such procedures as - experimental measurement of the operating loads at the machine …”

M. Zalfen, J. Lovenich, O. Malinowski, C. Brecher, J. Brimmers, S. Neus, S. Stark, D. Kruger Test rig concept for high power VHCF gear testing S. 485-498

„… order to generate resilient VHCF material data for gears. Central machine components are bearings …” „… , Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL), Gear Department, Chair of Manufacturing …” „… planets in turbo gearbox applications. In order to generate appropriate material data for highly loaded …”

A. Wedmann, M. Stein, K. Kniel Gear calibration in tactile scanning mode on CMMs S. 1539-1552

„… 1. Abstract In industry, gear measurement on coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) is done almost …” „… probing. The latest probe developments on coordinate measuring machines have, however, shown that dynamic …” „… probing during scanning is now so well mastered by measuring machine manufacturers that the accuracy gain …”

A. Hessler, B. Neubauer NVH-performance versus Costs – Coherent R&D for gears, system and manufacturing S. 103-118

„… and quality inspection machines. Elevated data processing methods are necessary to learn from existing …” „… measured data (univariant analysis). For this purpose it is recommended to create a database with geometric …” „… to be built up, to learn as much as possible, from the vast amounts of data provided by production …”

A. Beinstingel, M. Heider, B. Pinnekamp, S. Marburg Gear mesh excitation and non-uniform rational B-splines S. 91-102

„… . Application The IGA approach is applied to the sample spur gear without profile modification whose data are …” „… for the following investigations. Table 1: Technical data of sample spur gear Pinion Wheel Module …” „… , a torsional vibration model of the sample spur gear (data in Table 1) is established with two …”

A. Baumann, B. Bertsche Coefficient of friction behavior of gear oils and significance for the meshing process of spur gears S. 745-762

„… gears Lubrication for improved properties Dr.-Ing. A. Baumann, Institute of Machine Components (IMA …” „… Machine Components (IMA), University of Stuttgart Abstract The mechanical properties of oils are …” „… function of the speed. A mini traction machine from PCS Instruments with a ball/plate measurement setup was …”

B. Guilbert, P. Velex Influence of thin rimmed/-webbed gears on transmission dynamic behaviour – Approximate dynamic factor formula S. 523-532

„… torque is 400 Nm and the gear data are in table 1. (a) (b) Fig. 2: Aeronautical transmission, (a …” „… ) solid pinion and (b) lightweight gear Table 1: Gear data Pinion Gear Module m (mm) 2.5 Number of teeth …” „… ”, Mechanism and Machine Theory, 59(2013) pp.34-47. [8] Li, S., “Effects of misalignment error, tooth …”

J. Gotz, F. Siglmuller, M. Furst, M. Otto, K. Stahl Experimental investigation of the dynamic load sharing of planetary gearboxes S. 409-420

„… investigated from 0 to 6800 rpm sun speed for different loads. Based on the experimental data recommendations …” „… VDI-Berichte Nr. 2389, 2022410planetary gear set configurations. The experimental data is often used to …” „… . Table 1: Gear data of the test gear set Sun Planet Ring No. of teeth z - 26 23 74 Pressure angle …”

K. Daubach, M. Oehler, B. Sauer Wear simulation of worm gears based on an energetic approach S. 329-342

„… . Dr.-Ing. M. Oehler, Prof. Dr.-Ing. B. Sauer, Institute of Machine Elements, Gears & Transmissions …” „… Institute of Machine Elements, Gears & Transmissions for many years. In this context, a simulation tool was …” „… considerations. In related literature, values were often determined with experimental data [5, 6, 7]. With the …”

I. Moriwaki, K. Tatsuoka, K. Kobayashi, W. Nakamoto, D. Iba, A. Ueda Load-capacity evaluation of polyacetal (POM) internal gears according to JIS B 1759:2016 S. 1161-1172

„… and Master Gear Table 2 lists gear data of plastic-test gears and steel-master gears. Table 2: Gear …” „… Data VDI-Berichte Nr. 2389, 2022 1163Test gears are made of extruded POM (M90-44, POLYPLASTICS CO …” „… data obtained during 5 minutes of the initial, stable, and cracking periods. Unlike the measured …”

J. Hochrein, M. Trubswetter, M. Otto, K. Stahl Direct flank geometry calculation for face gears S. 1447-1460

„… cutting machines [22]. Mainly auxiliary drives use face gears, but also a few power transmissions are …” „… gears [20]. Peng investigates the face gear manufacturing with bevel gear machines and introduces a …” „… measuring machines [14]. a) Deviation measurement method for one point b) Deviation field to esco c …”

J. Thomas, C. Gosselin, F. Mieth Design, strength calculation by ISO10300 and loaded TCA of forged differential bevel gears S. 157-170

„… Softwares Inc., Quebec, Canada; Frederik Mieth, Dipl.-Ing., Institute of Machine Elements and Machine …” „… cloud data files which are used as input for the LTCA calculation program BECAL by FVA2. Until now, it …” „… corresponds to a typical application for medium size trucks. The gear data (macro geometry) and sketches are …”

A. Alnahlaui, P. Tenberge Improved method for the determination of tooth root endurance strength S. 31-44

„… capacity of machine elements and especially of gear drives is specified in the context of fatigue strength …” „… modified probit procedure assumes a normal distribution of the experimental data as the other methods. In …” „… the upper and lower part of the machine, their weight is adjustable. Due to their magnetic excitation …”

A. Pogačnik, U. Kissling The future of plastic gear standardization S. 1149-1160

„… is an evident lack of up-to-date plastic gear fatigue data. Currently, the largest public database of …” „… data measuring procedures (part 4). It is currently the most widely used calculation method for plastic …” „… data sets, each corresponding to a different gear geometry. Since the allowable tooth root strength is …”

X. Zheng, Y. Hu FE analysis and predication on the traveling wave – resonance of aero-gears S. 915-926

„… gear dynamics. Results are compared with experiments and data from published papers, showing reasonable …” „… gear contact in modal analysis. Fig. 1.5: Frequency in each modal shape. With the data from …” „… experimental data from the manufacturer, test results of 0/3 vibration and 0/4 vibration are shown in Fig.1.7 …”

D. Drummer, D. Schubert, C. Herzog In situ measurement of geometric and structural influences on the operating properties of polymer gears S. 1099-1116

„… monitoring test rigs sensor data, like acoustic or mechanical vibrations are recorded and the corresponding …” „… critical gear drives health can be built, using easily available vibrational data [12]. However, the …” „… , can also significantly influence the operating properties of polymer machine elements [3]. With an …”

L. Maccioni, F. Concli, C. Paschold A Novel Concept of Nested Cycloidal Speed Reducer S. 969-984

„… forces, oiland tribological dataCalculation ofpower lossesCalculation of torques and speeds (with …” „… cycloidal gear reducer with tooth modifications, Mechanism and Machine Theory 79 (2014) 184–197 …” „… efficiency test rig and particular data is introduced. 5 Object of investigation and data In the following …”

A. Mihailidis, A. Psarros, I. Nerantzis FE tooth contact analysis of crossed helical gear drives considering misalignments and deviations S. 597-608

„… Prof. Dr. Ing. A. Mihailidis, Dipl.-Ing. A. Psarros, Laboratory of Machine Elements and Machine Design …” „… Fig. 1: Gear data of the modelled gear pair 3. Finite Element Modelling 3.1 Meshing The initial mesh …”

F. May Trouble shooting of abnormal gearbox noise S. 545-560

„… 308990919293Sound Pressure [dB (re. 20 µPa)] (0 k Hz ... 10 kHz)Time [s]Trace Data File Band Marker Avg …” „… 400 5009092949698100Sound Pressure [dB (re. 20 µPa)] (0 kHz ... 5 kHz)Time [s] Data File Band Marker …” „… 5409495969798Sound Pressure [dB (re. 20 µPa)] (0 kHz ... 5 kHz)Time [s]Trace Data File Band Marker Avg Window …”

B. van Wissen, M. Kanters, F. Mitsuzuka, K. Iwanaga, M. Meuwissen, A. Hasanovic Predicting static and fatigue performance of fiber reinforced plastic gears S. 1083-1098

„… , validated on an experimental case study. Static torque-to-failure data and long-term durability data of …” „… so, stress-strain data measured on injection molded ISO 527-1A tensile bars is used and converted …” „… stress-strain data measured at specimens with various average fiber orientations. The specimens are milled from …”

K. J. Winkler, T. Tobie, K. Stahl Influence of grinding zones on the tooth root bending strength of case carburized cylindrical gears S. 287-304

„… gives an overview of the most important geometry data as well as a geometry draft of the test gear …” „… . Table 1: Geometry data and geometry draft of the test gear Description Symbol Unit Value Test gear …” „… are generated with the help of a specifically programmed gear grinding machine at the research …”

A. Gebhard, W. Kassem, M. Oehler Cylinder-on-ring model wear tests as an input data source for the simulation of friction and wear of plastic gears S. 1133-1148

„… Cylinder-on-ring model wear tests as an input data source for the simulation of friction and wear …” „… . Kassem, Manuel Oehler, MEGT – Institute of Machine Elements, Gears and Transmissons, Department of …” „… according to FLEISCHER [3], for which it requires experimental data as input. Classically, there are three …”

N. Tros, J. Brimmers, T. Bergs Approach for multiscale modeling the thermomechanical tool load in gear hobbing S. 1489-1502

„… Brimmers, WZL of RWTH Aachen University, Germany; Thomas Bergs, Laboratory for Machine Tools and …” „… of the machine kinematics, Fig. 4. The intersections between the tool envelope body and the workpiece …” „… Simulations and Empir-ical Data. Procedia CIRP 33:484–489 4. Weck M et al (2003) Analysis of Gear Hobbing …”

A. Zhang, J. Wei, M. Cao, B. Peng Dynamic modeling and accuracy evaluation method for complex irregular components of aviation transmission S. 573-584

„… FE method. Figure 2 shows the basic flow of modal test and data processing for a casing component …” „… numerical validation, Mechanism and Machine Theory, 127 (2018) pp. 96-111 [5] Z. Wang, G. Mei, W. Zhang, et …” „… system, Mechanism and Machine Theory, 110 (2017) pp. 27-49 [17] J. Wei, A. Zhang, G. Wang, et al., A …”

R. Chen, D. Qin, C. Liu Study on electromechanical coupled dynamic characteristics of transmission system of wind turbine S. 763-778

„… there have been studied in the fields of coal mining machines and electric vehicles. Among them, Yi et …” „… transfer data between the two in real time. 2. Inherent characteristic analysis and speed-up resonance …” „… wind turbines[J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2015, 92:391-406. [9]. SUN Wei , LI Xiang, WEI Jing et …”

W. Kassem, M. Oehler, B. Sauer, S. Schmidt, J. Hausmann Investigation of the time-dependent behavior of plastic gears with local tribological simulation S. 1281-1294

„… Dipl. Ing. W. Kassem, Jun. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Oehler, Prof. Dr.-Ing. B. Sauer, Institute of Machine …” „… data are taken from data sheets [15]. Figure 2 shows graphically the tensile test data of PA12 …” „… parameters (gear geometry, material data, meshing parameters, etc.), the FE model is automatically generated …”

L. Hildebrand, F. Dangl, M. Sedlmair, T. Lohner, K. Stahl CFD analysis on the oil flow of a gear stage with guide plate S. 677-694

„… interaction of oil with machine elements. Guided oil flow can increase gearbox efficiency and improve heat …” „… guidance of oil flow ensures the sufficient oil supply of machine elements. Numerous research studies point …” „… investigations regarding lubrication of machine elements and gearboxes. Multiphase simulations based on the FVM …”

F. Lagier, A. Bischofberger, K. Bause, S. Ott Suitability of additive manufactured PEEK gears as a means of gear sampling for automotive high-speed gearboxes S. 1045-1060

„… systems in machine ele-ments requires a mixed physical-virtual test environment in order to verify …” „… modelized alongside the electric machine and the clutch by physical or virtual means [23]. Thus, in a first …” „… data and print parameters Material PEEK CFR 450 Onyx Tensile strength (MPa) at 23°C 190 40 Tensile …”

S. Ebrahimi, J. Langhart, D. Marano NVH calculations for drivetrains, a methodology for selection of the best suitable calculation approach for a specific purpose S. 75-90

„… gear mesh order is 9.98. Order 1 is referred to electric machine shaft. Table 1: Gears data and …” „… measured gear flank data, can be further investigated. For characterization of the NVH properties, a …” „… care. Table 1 reports the gears macrogeometry data for the two designs (BOB and WOW models) with a …”

S. Sklenak, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Analysis of local wear within the dry lubricated rolling- sliding contact of coated surfaces S. 305-316

„… Machine Tools and Production Engineering, Gear Department, RWTH Aachen University Abstract Tooth …” „… investigated. In the third step, analysis of the collected measurement data from the experimental tests …” „… machine: CemeCon CC800/9 Custom) at the Leibnitz Institute for Materials-Oriented Technologies (IWT) in …”

S. Matkovič, M. Kalin Effect of tribological properties on tooth root fatigue failure of polymer gears S. 1257-1268

„… gear fatigue life was conducted in both dry and lubricated conditions. Using these data, FEM evaluation …” „… . 2389, 2022 12571. Introduction Gears are complex machine elements and are used in more than 85% of all …” „… . Using the obtained coefficient of friction data and predicted model published in [8], the average gear …”

P. Tenberge, R. Uelpenich, P. Dong, R. He Very fast tooth root optimization – general tool geometry for much smaller tooth root stresses S. 457-468

„… larger deviations from these gear data, however, the real maximum tooth root stresses may well deviate …” „… the tooth root stresses of 6 toothings a) to e), all essentially based on the same gear data. The …” „… root stress, Mechanism and Machine Theory 156 (2021) 104128 [12] R. Uelpenich, Schnelle Methode zur …”

B. Legrady, M. Taesch, G. Tschirschnitz, C. F. Mieth Prediction of churning losses in an industrial gear box with spiral bevel gears using the smoothed particle hydrodynamic method S. 651-664

„… solutions GmbH, Berlin;Dipl.-Ing. C. F. Mieth, Institute of Machine Elements and Machine Design (IMM …” „… are carried out at a bevel gear test rig (KRPS) of the Chair of Machine Elements at Dresden University …” „… data for load-dependent and -independent power losses at pinion rotational speeds of 1200 to 1800 rpm …”

J. Theling, M. Willecke, J. Brimmers, C. Brecher Influences on the Excitation Behavior of Lightweight Planetary Gearboxes S. 421-432

„… Nr. 2389, 2022424Table 1: Gear dataSpur HelicalNumber of teeth sun / - 47 43Number of teeth planet …” „… Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL), Gear Department, RWTH Aachen University, Germany …” „… gear and a helical gear are investigated. The gear data for the two variants can be found in Table 1 …”

H.-J. Dennig, L. Zumofen, A. Kirchheim, S. Winterberg, D. Stierli Increasing the safety against scuffing of additive manufactured gear wheels by internal cooling channels S. 1345-1364

„… grinding machine Tooth correction none VDI-Berichte Nr. 2389, 20221354 Fig. 6: Technical data of the FZG …” „… numerous data sheets and standards for the conventional production of quenched and tempered 30CrNiMo8 steel …” „… . 2389, 2022 136326. Warlimont H, Martienssen W (2018) Springer Handbook of Materials Data 27. Gebhardt …”

M. Steinbacher, T. Boyraz, R. Fechte-Heinen, G. Hellenbrand Heat treatment development for the new steel grade X20NiCrAlMoV6-5-2-1 for high performance gear wheel application S. 891-902

„… Engineering (IWT), Bremen, Germany;Gerrit Hellenbrand, Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production …” „… ] Ovako material data sheet; https://steelnavigator.ovako.com/steel-grades/20nicrmov24-20-7/; 2022-08-10[2 …”

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