Zusammenfassung
Foreword The International Conference on Gears in Garching near Munich, Germany, is an established platform for researchers on and manufacturers of gears and transmission systems. At the 10th issue of the conference in September of 2023, gear experts discussed the latest developments and research results from the powertrain industry and academia. Given the increasing challenges of climate change and its impacts, acting in compliance with the UN Sustainable Development Goals is mandatory for all engineers today. Gear engineers must consider these objectives in their research and development activities and provide solutions that meet the technical requirements and contribute to achieving the UN goals. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission is a primary driver for climate change. Reducing GHG emissions should be an urgent action for the combat against climate change. Therefore, the research on efficiency is assigned a key role. Several contributions in this report discuss the possibilities for further improvement in efficiency from different points of view, like gear design or lubrication. Other subjects of the conferences are Responsible Consumption and Production. H...
Schlagworte
verlustarme Getriebe Risswachstum Stirnrad Planeten Getriebe Lebensdauer Vorhersage Maschenweite Synchronisierung Reibungskoeffizient Lastverteilung Schmierung Ölfluss Simulation schlaues Getriebe Re-X low-loss-gears tooth root load fatigue strenght spur gear crack groth root life prediction model planetary gear mesh phasing friction coefficient ISO 6336 E-Axle applications load distribution NVH multi stage gear trains lubrication planetary gearbox meshing contact oil flow simulation CFD smart gear- 1–2 Foreword 1–2
- 67–108 Damage detection 67–108
- 109–156 Load capacity 109–156
- 157–190 Planetary gears: NVH 157–190
- 301–340 Load capacity 301–340
- 341–382 NVH: Impacts 341–382
- 383–428 Asymmetric gear geometry 383–428
- 485–536 CFD: Applications 485–536
- 537–582 Planetary gears: Design 537–582
- 583–632 NVH: Analysis 583–632
- 633–674 Smart gears 633–674
- 675–714 NVH 675–714
- 715–752 Lubrication 715–752
- 753–784 Efficiency and friction 753–784
- 785–828 Efficiency: Gearbox 785–828
- 829–880 Bevel and hypoid gears 829–880
- 927–974 Design geometry 927–974
- 975–1016 Efficiency & friction 975–1016
- 1039–1286 Poster Exhibition 1039–1286
- 1287–1300 Sustainability 1287–1300
- 1301–1350 Tooth root strength 1301–1350
- 1351–1388 Fibre reinforcement 1351–1388
- 1389–1434 NVH 1389–1434
- 1469–1514 Gear geometry and calculation 1469–1514
- 1547–1580 Tribology and thermal behavior 1547–1580
- 1581–1858 Gear Production 2023 1581–1858
- 1581–1606 Innovations in gear production 1581–1606
- 1607–1640 Software in gear production 1607–1640
- 1641–1698 Additive manufacturing 1641–1698
- 1699–1748 Materials in gear production 1699–1748
- 1787–1828 Gear metrology 1787–1828
- 1803–1820 Large gear metrology at PTB 1803–1820
- 1859–1876 Manufacturing processes 1859–1876
85 Treffer gefunden
- „... but may entail other problems: micro waviness, i.e. periodic geometry deviations on the gears, are ...” „... , e.g. during heat treatment due to hardening distortions [1]. Microwave ripples are made visible on the ...” „... exact cause must be found out so that the machine operator can optimize the corresponding parameters ...”
- „... gearbox M. Hausmann, M. Sc., Prof. Dr.-Ing. E. Kirchner, Institute for Product Development and Machine ...” „... ., Schork, S., Kirchner, E. et al.: Classification and examples of next generation machine elements ...” „... increasingly important in order to increase productivity e.g. by reducing cost-intensive downtimes. One ...”
- „... helical gears generally possess specific disadvantages, e.g., high material waste, extremely high tool ...” „... effects can be partially or completely avoided. The axial forming process and the new associated machine ...” „... applying them for product development, from the machines to the finished component. Considering the ...”
- „... , F.D., Ciulli, E.: Friction-induced efficiency losses and wear evolution in hypoid gears. Machines 10(9 ...” „... ., & Ciulli, E. (2022). Friction-Induced Efficiency Losses and Wear Evolution in Hypoid Gears. Machines, 10(9 ...” „... Exploration of trade-offs between NVH and efficiency in bevel gear design Ph.D. E. Grabovic, Prof ...”
- „... in an industrial gearbox 1173M. Hausmann, E. Kirchner, Institute for Product Development and Machine ...” „... wieder. Printed in Germany.ISSN 0083-5560ISBN 978-3-18-092422-9 · E-ISBN 978-3-18-102422-5Preflight Lx3 ...” „... . Werner, S. Graf, M. Oehler, O. Koch, Chair of Machine Elements, Gears and Tribology, Rheinland-Pfälzische ...”
- „... , regardless of their location. Securing data transfer to suppliers or measuring machines involves implementing ...” „... , such as industry-standard data formats or communication protocols (e.g., XML, JSON, RESTful APIs) can ...” „... found in the VDI/VDE guideline 2610 [1]. GDE is built upon the flexible and extensible XML (e ...”
- „... . KochChair of Machine Elements, Gears and Tribology, Rheinland-Pfälzische Technische Universität ...” „... depends largely on the electrical behavior of the affected machine elements. In order to predict this, the ...” „... current paths can be identified and the risk of damage to the affected machine elements can be assessed ...”
- „... . Merkle, M. Dazer, A. Nicola, Institute of Machine Components, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart ...” „... Machine-Learning-Ansätzen werden die Vibrationsdaten analysiert. Mittels Anomalieerkennung können frühe Schadensstadien im ...” „... data. Using machine learning approaches, the vibration signal data are analyzed. By means of anomaly ...”
- „... cost-drivers are material cost, machine cost and post-processing. Nevertheless, some processes like laser-based ...” „... a minimum of required human interaction, a short time-to-part, short machine time and low material ...” „... support structures and converts the geometry into machine-specific, printable data.Every process step ...”
- „... ]. MECHANISM AND MACHINE THEORY, 2021,166. [4] Younes E B, Changenet C, Bruyere J, et al. Multi-objective ...” „... the relationship of the tooth profile equation parameters u and , as well as machine motion parameters ...” „... 0; 0 s b b e b bs e b b bs e b b b bs eL p s L b s pL L b p s pL L P s p s pL L ...”
- „... considered by load factors in the load carrying capacity assessment, e.g. ISO 6336 [1]. Theoretical and ...” „... test rig itself is designed to fit onto a coordinate measuring machine (CMM) to capture the elastic ...” „... machine With a CMM, precise measurements of geometric shapes and spatial positions are feasible. The main ...”
- „... , Dr.-Ing. Stefan Schumann, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Berthold Schlecht, IMM - Institute of Machine Elements and ...” „... Machine Design, IPF - Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing Technische Universität Dresden ...” „... von der FVA (Forschungsvereinigung Antriebstechnik e.V.) entwickelten Programm, das die automatische ...”
- „... inertia is the rotor of the e-machine. Reflected at the P5/F1 gear, the inertia is amplified by the square ...” „... source, previously masked by the gear whining has appeared: the e-machine contribution and especially the ...” „... e-bike which contains an electrical machine, a 7 speed gear box that can work whether in automated mode ...”
- „... , Institute of Machine Elements and Machine Design (IMM), Technische Universität Dresden, Germany ...” „... Gear Calculation) [5]. This is being developed by the Institute of Machine Elements and Machine Design ...” „... (2022) Note The author would like to thank the Forschungsvereinigung Antriebstechnik e.V. (Drive ...”
- „... Process Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Kleiber, Dr.-Ing. Benedikt Neubauer, Business Division E-Mobility, Schaeffler ...” „... powertrain. With a focus on e-Axles, the system requires a lightweight, compact, and power dense solution ...” „... ’’. All modern 2FI machines additionally provide order analysis and raw data exports, which can be used ...”
- „... Vibroacoustics of Vehicles and Machines, Technical University of Munich, Garching n. Munich, Germany, RENK GmbH ...” „... . Marburg, Chair of Vibroacoustics of Vehicles and Machines, Technical University of Munich, Garching near ...” „... similar driving machine vanishes, the optimization of the noise characteristics contribute as an important ...”
- „... CrMo4) Density [kg/m ^3 ] 1410 7800 Elastic modulus (ISO 527-2) E [MPa] 2800 (at 1 mm/min) 2.1 10^5 ...” „... measured. While this setup provides enough data to characterize gear durability (i.e., root/flank fatigue ...” „... tooth deflections, (i.e., deformational displacements) during gear meshing was a significant objective ...”
- „... transmissions primarily depend of the tooth root capacity, i.e., bending load capacity of gears. The analytical ...” „... on the line of action (points A-E) [23]. The part of the presented methodology which define the ...” „... cracks, on machine elements and other engineering structures. The presentation of local stresses around ...”
- „... excitation with e-motor and to reduce total peak to peak transmission error by utilizing the benefit mesh ...” „... if there was no meshing phase and the planetary planets were in-phase i.e. =0, then only rotational ...” „... behavior of the PGS, i.e. : inertia of other parts of e-drive system, housing parts and shafts dynamic ...”
- „... , Dr.-Ing. Stefan Schumann, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Berthold Schlecht,Institute of Machine Elements and Machine ...” „... normal and shear mean stresses 𝜎 and 𝑚, e.g. minimum circumscribing circle (MCC), maximum rectangular ...” „... , For-schungsvereinigung Antriebstechnik e.V., Frankfurt/Main 2001 [3] Thomas, J., Michaelis, em. Winter u. FZG München ...”
- „... Application-oriented research on internal generating polishingM.Sc., P.E., Noritaka Fujimura ...” „... , Nidec Machine Tool Corporation, Ritto, Japan; M.Sc. Patrícia de Oliveira Löhrer, Laboratory for Machine ...” „... finishing process developed and patented by NIDEC MACHINE TOOL CORPORATION, aiming at the manufacturing of ...”
- „... condition. 2. Gear friction coefficient 2.1 Gear efficiency testing machine In this study, the gear friction ...” „... coefficients were calculated using the results of a gear- efficiency test. This machine is a power-cyclic-type ...” „... gear-testing machine, wherein the twist mechanism loads an initial torque into the circuit, and the ...”
- „... involute function inv, tool teeth z0, workpiece teeth z2, the workpiece generation profile shift factor xE ...” „... derived. The effective cross-axis angle e results from the sum of the working helix angles of workpiece w ...” „... absolute machine cross-axis angle arises. tan ,2 ∙ sin tan, cos tan , tan , (7) tan , tan z|z | tan ...”
- „... . Starting from the other, i.e. lower end of the waste hierarchy, there are priority levels 4 (thermal ...” „... . Starting on a macroscopic level, it is necessary to provide mono-fractions, i.e. CFRP-waste without ...” „... called pyrolysis, i.e. a thermal process with the absence of oxygen. The temperatures are set high enough ...”
- „... . The deviation of geometrical quality parameters, i.e. lead profile and pitch were found to have a ...” „... sustainable economy, reduction in fuel and energy consumption, e-mobility, improved user experience are all ...” „... methods for plastic gears. Several national standards were released, e.g., BS 6168 [1], JIS B 1759 [2] and ...”
- „... manufactured gears The machine operator in the production is faced with the problem of producing a modification ...” „... wants the modifications as defined, e.g. especially for low-vibration gear sizing for EV applications ...” „... for the flank line) of the intended accuracy grade (e.g. according to ISO 1328 [8]). Fig. 1 ...”
- „... , e.g., gear reducer for actuators in EV. The CSPG is characterized by two different sized gears on a ...” „... of teeth to obtain better transmission performances, e.g., transmission errors and load sharing ...” „... same, i.e. the equation must be valid S PR R PS SRPS PR PR PS PS PS1 PRP P P( 1) int( ) int( ) ( )i iz ...”
- „... . Xu, A. Kahraman, N.E. Anderson, D.G. Maddock: Prediction of mechanical efficiency of parallel-axis ...” „... Machine Theory 45, 1568–1582, 2010. [7] S. Baglioni, F. Cianetti, L. Landi: Influence of the addendum ...” „... modification on spur gear efficiency. Mechanism and Machine Theory 49, 216–233, 2012. [8] A. Arana, J ...”
- „... Nr. 2422, 2023 883Device, lfE-Lubrimeter, Pin-Disc-Device or various gear test rigs (FZG, IAE, Ryder ...” „... between results on simple testing machines and the behavior of the lubricants in tooth contact [5]. Thus ...” „... application on the machine element gear. An overview of possible test methods, some of them have already been ...”
- „... LaserFunde 200 machine, equipped with a Nd:YAG laser ( = 1064 nm) and a scanning head of up to 3000 mm/s (Fig ...” „... . 2). The machine has galvanometric mirrors, F-theta optical lens, resulting in a laser beam focal ...” „... . Fig. 2: iSLS machine LaserFunde 200 from Alkimat Tecnologia. a) External view of the machine, b) 1 ...”
- „... 10mm width. To reduce material usage and ensure proper fixation for the testing machine, only a ...” „... resin The specimens were evaluated using an INSTRON 4482 universal testing machine, at a rate of 5 ...” „... the observed results. Fig. 11: Specimen fixation on the INSTRON testing machine Fig 12: Failure photos ...”
- „... , such as in e-bike powertrains. The application of polymer as a power-transmitting machine element in ...”
- „... ] Karba B., Yıldırım N., Fatih E, Vardar M., (2019). A Study on Prediction & Validation of Meshing Gear ...” „... ., Karpat, F., Rackov, M. (2022). The Self-Compensation Approach for Backlash on Gear Train. In: Machine and ...” „... Industrial Design in Mechanical Engineering. KOD 2021. Mechanisms and Machine Science, vol 109. Springer ...”
- „... instance, the typical map of an electric machine requires different transmission designs. [2, 3] In ...” „... efficiency and a higher wear of the machine elements. Fig. 3-5: Measured friction coefficient for new oil ...” „... . and Karapidakis, E.: Experimental Research of Transmissions on Electric Vehicles’ Energy Consumption ...”
- „... method in an Alkimat Laser Funde 200 machine. This machine is equipped with a single continuous wave ...” „... distortions. The gear milling was carried out with a Pfauter P-400 hobbing machine, operating at a rotational ...” „... compound-gears for e-mobility applications. In: CoFAT. 2013. [3] YADROITSEV, Igor et al. (Ed.). Fundamentals of ...”
- „... Machine Tools and Production Engineering (WZL), Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering ...” „... powder bed-based additive manufacturing processes for metals can be classified into binder-based (e ...” „... .g. Binder Jetting, BJT) and beam-based thermal processes (e.g. Laser Powder Bed Fusion, LPBF). Due to the ...”
- „... machine or motor current measurements on reference drivetrains. A low count of inexplicable causes of ...” „... requires individual and specialized drivetrains, resulting in a low quantity of identical machines ...” „... load measurements based on motor currents (e.g. [1], [2], [3]). VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023646The ...”
- „... /mm Length /mm E /GPa /- /kg m 3Pinion’s shaft 30 110 206 0.3 7830 Gear’s shaft 30 110 206 0.3 7830 ...” „... work would not have been possible:• National Funds through Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT ...” „... Design 129 (2007) 75–84.[3] E. Tanaka, H. Houjoh, D. Mutoh, H. Motoshiromizu, K. Ohno, N. Tanaka ...”
- „... e-mobility and the continuous drive for higher efficiency in these systems, there arises a need for advanced ...” „... . The experiments were conducted using the same UMT-2 machine under controlled conditions. A load of 40 ...” „... conducted using a Hysitron TI 950 Triboindenter machine, from Bruker Inc., to determine mechanical ...”
- „... deviation e ists. The uantitative form was then measured with optical meas-uring machine. ach pi el of C ...” „... ered serious tooth ank damage. The gear is manufactured with K lingelnberg machine. The gear material ...” „... ectory had made this surface irregularity. The nal carburized depth is mm and the e ective case depth C ...”
- „... gear face has been recently developed in our Alpharetta Lab using a coordinate-measuring machine (CMM ...” „... performed using a contact machine. Then, an optical scan (non-contact approach) provides the real 3D surface ...” „... go Weight loss: 1.42014g The weight loss is then derived into a wear coefficient (kw) of 0.2438E-6 ...”
- „... Angle Machine Type Tooth Numbera Z15_FDM_FW16 1° FDM 15b Z15_SLM_FW8 2° SLM 33c Z33_FDM_FW8 2° FDM 33d Z ...” „... : Manufacturing errors of (a) internal gear No Name Cone Angle Machine Type Module mma Z99_FDM_m1.75 1° FDM 1.75b ...” „... with FDM. However, the 3D printer material (resin, PLA, etc.) and the 3D printer machine play a ...”
- „... be produced on conventional gear cutting machines for cylindrical gears without having to make any ...” „... changes to the machine. However, a challenge in the application of beveloid gears with crossed axes is the ...” „... applied. Most of the machines already obtain that feature mechanically, because they are able to ...”
- „... competence center for wind energy. With the installation of a large coordinate measuring machine (CMM) and ...” „... using coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) with a measuring volume of approx. 1 m3. The transition to ...” „... geometric deviations of the measuring machines used play a decisive role in the quality of the measurement ...”
- „... polymer gears D. Gallagher, E. Wiita, R. Weidig, Victrex Manufacturing Ltd., Thornton Cleveleys, United ...” „... both the mathematical work of Euler in 1765, and Whitworth’s patent of the gear hobbing machine in 1835 ...” „... closed-loop temperature control. Whilst it is possible to set the machine to apply load at the Highest Point ...”
- „... 50 Hz, 100 Hz and 150 Hz (i.e.3000 rpm, 6000 rpm and 9000 rpm) are used in the numerical calculations ...” „... properties at 25°C (i.e. 1.185 kg/m3 and 𝜇 1.831 10 Pa.s) are considered. Convergence is reached when both ...” „... rpm (maximum speed) a reduction of 35 percent in windage losses is reported (i.e.𝑃 0.65 𝑃 where 𝑃 ...”
- „... especially the geometry of the structural components, e.g., the planet carrier or the housing, are only ...” „... development phases and are present in the output files of the machine element calculation programs. The data ...” „... . Interfaces were created to read the necessary data from the output files of the machine element calculation ...”
- „... expression depending on operating conditions Regime Load independent torque losses ],^!3 _ BBBXL`<.X]E ...” „... \! BMV,!^!3LT. X],^!3 a BBBXL`<.X]E \! 1,!XTWhere &is the oil viscosity, \! torque loss (Table 4 ) and a ...” „... transfer resulting from radiation is derived from Stephan Boltzmann law : cd]d];E >ef;]g d]chS% +Natural ...”
- „... involute gears are measured on a broad variety of coordinate measuring machines (cmm). Typical tasks are ...” „... measured points, deviations must be calculated and evaluated according to international standards, e.g. ISO ...” „... 1328-1:2013 [1]. With decreasing sizes of involute cylindrical gears in e.g. the field of plastic gears, the ...”
- „... . VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 691The global deformation component captures the complete gear’s (i.e., gear blank ...” „... together by kinematic constraints (e.g. joints) and have forces acting between them. Gearbox model ...” „... profiles that ensures conjugate unloaded motion (i.e. zero unloaded TE); 2) a “Standard Gear Pair (P3 ...”
- „... ™ LUBRICOMPTM materials a) RL003, b) WL003, C) KL003, d) OFL36A, e) RCL36 VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 1451Table ...” „... quality measurements on a Zeiss CMM machine. Folowing quality parameters were considered: Profile ...” „... achieved quality grades according ISO1328 RL003 WL003 KL003E OFL36A RCL36 SteelFa 10 10 8 10 10 9ffa 5 5 3 ...”
- „... pressure angle; αn (°) 20 20 Helix angle; βb (°) 12 12 Tooth width; B (mm) 40 40 Young’s modulus; E (Pa ...” „... bevel gears[J]. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 2022, 175: 104971. [3] Huangfu Y, Zeng J, Ma H, et al. A ...”
- „... certain limits for external gearings regarding its geometry, e.g., undercutting and a small radius of ...” „... clearance factor d Reference diameter da Tip diameter df Root diameter E End point of meshing e Eccentricity ...” „... tTransverse radius of curvature e,tTransverse equivalent radius of curvature A Angle of arc profile j Backlash ...”
- „... Research Association for Drive Technology e.V. (FVA); supported partly by the FVA and through the German ...” „... Federation of Industrial Research Associations e.V. (AiF) in the framework of the Industrial Collective ...” „... Tragfä-higkeitsmodifikationen. Forschungsvereinigung Antriebstechnik e.V. (FVA), Ab-schlussbericht, Frankfurt am Main (2021) [4 ...”
- „... machine elements, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Germany Julian Hirschmann, SEW-EURODRIVE GmbH & Co KG ...” „... influenced by surrounding machines and vibrations, which interfere with the measurement. The shown evaluation ...” „... . 2422, 202394References [1] Koch, Y., Martin, G., Kirchner, E., Quirnheim Pais, D. u. Slatter, R ...”
- „... avoiding mesh-in impact (i.e., the transmission error at the inner point of contact) is 6 m. If lengths of ...” „... . 2422, 2023 973References[1] Buckingham, E.: Analytical mechanics of gears. New York: McGraw-Hill Book ...” „... shaper cutter when meshing with internal straight splines. Mechanism and Machine Theory, 129, 2018, 70-79 ...”
- „... the contact of the gear pair should start at point E. As can be seen from figure 3, the pinion rotates ...” „... geometrically perfect gear pair. e’s are tangential equivalents of instantaneous unloaded static transmission ...” „... Contact on Static and Dynamic Behavior of Spur Gear Mechanisms, 7th International Machine Design and ...”
- „... high-torque e-machines are larger and more expensive, and therefore lean and compact high-speed drives are ...” „... wheel body design, e.g. by adding frequency content for improving psychoacoustic attributes. For this ...” „... mapped and reproduced. In conclusion, the FVA-Workbench in conjunction with AVL Excite for e-Axle is a ...”
- „... speed required by the e???Axle due to limitations of the visualization and the analysis technologies at ...” „... ). Our company was founded in 1937 as a manufacturer of machine tool parts, and in 1950, began producing ...” „... challenges.Regarding the required performance of our e-Axle (a gearbox for BEV that integrates a motor, an inverter ...”
- „... Abstract It is undeniable that, aided by the increasing electrification of machines, the gear community is ...” „... ]. This position depends on the bevel gear geometry, both the ideal and the actual one (i.e. considering ...” „... comes to e-drive – powered vehicles, where it is not possible anymore to rely on the masking effect ...”
- „... . Bastian Lenz, Dr.-Ing. Andreas Mehner, Chair of Machine Tools, Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production ...” „... E. This finding strengthens the assumption that the smaller layer thickness in the direction of the ...” „... ., 2012. Trockenlaufende Stirnräder in der Raumfahrt, FVA (Forschungs-vereinigung Antriebstechnik e ...”
- „... Engineering Journal VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 1145[12] N.E. Anderson and S.H. Loewenthal, Machine Design ...” „... ) ResultsVDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 20231144References/Bibliography [1] US8016893B2. [2] Brassitos E. and Mavroidis C ...” „... Improved Efficiency, N.E. Anderson and S.H. Loewenthal, Journal of Mechanical Design, October 1982, Vol ...”
- „... damage (non-fatigue) (e.g., abrasive wear and scuffing); (2) Fatigue damage (e.g., pitting and tooth root ...” „... fatigue fracture); (3) Non-fatigue fracture (e.g., tooth root rupture and tooth shear fracture); (4 ...” „... ) Plastic deformation (e.g., indentation and fracture after plastic deformation); (5) Manufacturing issues ...”
- „... gear pair at -th torque. In this example, there are four TE objective functions for each gear pair (i.e ...” „... pressure angles would be caused by other objective functions and constraints (e.g., tight flash temperature ...” „... helical gear contact analysis using analytical contact stiffnesses: Mechanism and Machine Theory 187 (2023 ...”
- „... ., J. Müller, M.Sc., Jun. Prof. Dr.-Ing. M. Oehler, Prof. Dr.-Ing. O. Koch,Chair of Machine Elements ...” „... composite according to the classical lamination theory (see e.g. [7]) and the coordinate system acc. to Fig ...” „... . The stiffness changes over the thickness, i.e. a function of the fiber angle which in turn depends on ...”
- „... , Department of Mechanical Engineering, Machine Design Laboratory (MDL), National Central University (NCU ...” „... circle with radius rpw. The center of this circle C’PW is located on another circle with a radius e (Fig ...” „... 0 0 sin cos 0 0 sin0 0 1 0 0 0 1 00 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1x e qy e qs sC (1) where the flank coefficient ...”
- „... tangential force Ft, the face width b, the helix angle and the elastic modulus of the pinion E1 and the gear ...” „... E2.Walton and Shi [7] reviewed different analytical methods, all based on the lewis equation (2 ...” „... using an injection molding machine, type 370U-700-30-30 by Arburg GmbH CO. KG, Loßburg, Germany. The ...”
- „... . The result of this work allows using the benefits of the sample geometry, i.e. improved kinematic ...” „... . Due to the nature of their installation location, i.e., the nacelle of a wind turbine in a height of ...” „... and interacting solid parts like e.g., meshing gear teeth, this environment is under transient change ...”
- „... , Newcastle University, United Kingdom Abstract Improving gear efficiency, i.e. reducing gear power loss, is ...” „... various applied loads/torques, and it can be determined while the applied load is zero (𝑃 ). I.e.: 𝑃 𝑃 ...” „... data of test gears (i.e. tip relief and crowning) in as-ground conditions is shown in Table 2. The tip ...”
- „... ) To perform the sound measurements, a custom-built machine was used displayed in Figure 3. It is a ...” „... is the time-varying meshing stiffness; is the meshing damping coefficient; e(t) is the gear meshing ...”
- „... . Zalfen, Dr.-Ing. D. Mevissen, Dr.-Ing. J. Brimmers, Prof. Dr.-Ing. C. Brecher, Laboratory for Machine ...” „... stress state, with the local material strength, i.e. the threshold value of the crack initiation Kth. The ...” „... local stress, i.e. the ratio K/Kth > 1. VDI-Berichte Nr. 2422, 2023 115Fig. 4: Simulation of tooth root ...”
- „... case where the sun support has a 2e9 N/m stiffness. If the balance is achieved, the results for this ...” „... of the gear flexibility and the high input torque. More precisely, the input torque is 8.39 e5 Nm. As ...” „... . Viadero, A. Fernández, M. Iglesias, A. De-Juan, E. Liaño, and M. A. Serna, “Non-stationary dynamic ...”
- „... desirable, more simple, and cheaper tests model tests e. g. ball-on disc tribometers, often referred to as ...” „... Mini-Traction-Machine [1,2], are used for baseline investigations on scuffing initiation upon load [3] increase or start ...” „... % steps until the shut-off criterium was reached, e.g., the friction exhibited no steady state behaviour ...”
- „... are mainly used in new drive trains in aviation and e-mobility [1, 2]. Small-modulus gears reduce ...” „... experimental machine is an Index V300 Sonder, which has been optimized for gear skiving. After pre-machining ...” „... ., & Biermann, T. (2017). eAxle family in coaxial and offset arrangements. In 16th international CTI symposium ...”
- „... to machine elements with higher specific contact loads like e.g. roller bearings [SOMM14]. To improve ...” „... (flash temperature) da [mm] Tip circle diameter T [Nm] Torque e [-] Weight parameter XL [-] Lubricant ...”
- „... the robustness of all machine elements. For the former and the latter the prediction of the ...” „... in the automotive industry, e.g. in electric cars, but also as industrial gear units in various ...” „... sectors, e.g. as crusher, shredder or mixer drive. For this study, the planetary gear series P2.e from SEW ...”
- „... / CuSn12-C-GZ z2 / z1 [-] 41 / 2 E1 / E2 [N/mm2] 210.000 / 98.100 q [-] 9 1 / 2 [-] 0,3 / 0,35 mx [mm] 4 ...” „... .: Schneckentragfähigkeitsgrenzen ermitteln und erhöhen. Forschungsvereinigung für Antriebstechnik e.V., FVA-Forschungsheft 518 ...” „... Antriebstechnik e.V., FVA-Forschungsheft 784, Frankfurt/Main, 2006 [11] Geuß, M.: Tragfähigkeit von ...”
- „... . Dr.-Ing. Christian Brecher, Laboratory for Machine Tools and Production Engineering WZL, Gear Department ...” „... a Cover carrier bolt input b Carrier side plate input c Carrier bolt part I d Stepped planet shaft e ...” „... axis misalignments (e.g. center distance change vs. planet pin position error), the eccentric bushings ...”
- „... fracture: tests on running gears (e.g. [1–3]), pulsator tests - also called Single Tooth Bending Fatigue ...” „... (STBF) tests - (e.g. [4–9]) and tests on notched specimens (e.g. [10–12]). Among them, pulsator tests ...” „... are the most adopted since this method is cost-effective and uses representative specimens (i.e. spur ...”
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- „... loss factor, is sound velocity, is the density of a target material which transfers the noise, e ...” „... characterization of damping in gear teeth dynamics under hydrodynamic conditions. Mechanism and Machine Theory, Vol ...”